A device and method for assessing the health of a rice field ecosystem by coupling eDNA and hydrology

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coupling eDNA and hydrology's paddy field ecosystem health assessment device and method of technical field of paddy field ecological health assessment, including the collection module one for collecting target paddy field hydrological data, the collection module two for collecting target paddy field water body eDNA data, and, with the wireless communication connection of collection module one and collection module two ecosystem health assessment module, ecosystem health assessment module is used to receive hydrological data and water body eDNA data and two data are coupled analysis, and output paddy field ecosystem health assessment result.The application can collect target paddy field hydrological data, and water body eDNA data is sent to ecosystem health assessment module, two data are coupled analysis by ecosystem health assessment module, and output paddy field ecosystem health assessment result, can comprehensively reflect the internal relationship between environmental stress and biological response, to generate more comprehensive, objective paddy field ecosystem health assessment result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of paddy field ecological health assessment, specifically to a paddy field ecosystem health assessment device and method that couples eDNA with hydrology. Background Technology

[0002] With agricultural development, paddy field ecosystems face multiple pressures such as fertilizer and pesticide residues, water stress, and declining biodiversity. Accurately assessing their health status has become an urgent need for achieving sustainable agricultural development and ecological security management.

[0003] Currently, assessing the health of paddy field ecosystems typically requires collecting samples within the paddy field and then analyzing them to obtain paddy field environmental DNA data. However, assessments are often based solely on this single environmental DNA data, failing to correlate it with key hydrological parameters such as water level, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen. This results in incomplete and outdated assessments that fail to fully reflect the intrinsic relationship between environmental stress and biological responses. Furthermore, sample collection in paddy fields usually involves manual handheld sampling devices, most of which can only perform single-sample collection, lacking the ability to collect samples from multiple locations and classify and preserve them, leading to poor sampling efficiency and impacting the quality of the obtained paddy field environmental DNA data. Therefore, we propose a paddy field ecosystem health assessment device and method that couples eDNA with hydrological data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a paddy field ecosystem health assessment device and method that couples eDNA with hydrology, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A paddy field ecosystem health assessment device coupled with eDNA and hydrology includes a first acquisition module for collecting hydrological data of a target paddy field, a second acquisition module for collecting eDNA data of the target paddy field water, and an ecosystem health assessment module wirelessly connected to the first and second acquisition modules. The ecosystem health assessment module is used to receive hydrological data and water eDNA data, perform coupled analysis on the two data, and output the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results. The second acquisition module includes an operating frame mechanism, a conversion mechanism mounted on the operating frame mechanism, several sets of eDNA samplers mounted on the conversion mechanism, and a negative pressure drive mechanism located within the operating frame mechanism. The conversion mechanism is used to drive different eDNA samplers to move to positions inside the operating frame mechanism corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism. The negative pressure drive mechanism is used to dock with the eDNA samplers that have moved to the corresponding positions and drive the eDNA samplers into the paddy field water for sampling.

[0006] A further improvement is that the ecosystem health assessment module is configured to: receive water body eDNA data and hydrological data; identify and quantify the gene abundance information of sensitive indicator organisms by comparing the water body eDNA data with a pre-constructed sensitive indicator organism gene database; then perform correlation analysis between the gene abundance information and hydrological data exceeding a preset safety threshold to obtain the analysis results; and finally, substitute the analysis results into a preset health assessment algorithm to output the health level assessment result.

[0007] A further improvement is that the operating frame mechanism includes a frame body one, a connecting seat at one end of the frame body one, a frame body two with one end of its rotating shaft connected to the connecting seat, a rotating device one on the connecting seat for driving the frame body two to rotate, a lead screw rotatably installed in the frame body one, and a connecting frame with one end connected to the connecting seat and the other end passing through the frame body one and threaded onto the outer wall of the lead screw. The end of the lead screw away from the connecting seat is also provided with a drive handwheel.

[0008] A further improvement is that the conversion mechanism includes a housing fixedly inserted into the outer wall of the second frame, a turntable rotatably disposed within the housing, and a rotating device second disposed on the housing for driving the turntable to rotate. The turntable has several sets of through holes for accommodating the eDNA sample sampler. The inner wall of the through holes is provided with an arc-shaped elastic buckle. The outer wall of the eDNA sample sampler is provided with an arc-shaped slot adapted to the elastic buckle. The outer wall of the housing located inside the second frame has openings through the upper and lower parts for the negative pressure driving mechanism and the eDNA sample sampler to enter and exit. The bottom of the housing and located outside the second frame are provided with a detachable transparent cover.

[0009] A further improvement is that the eDNA sampler includes a cylindrical body with an air inlet at the top for docking with a negative pressure drive mechanism. Inside the cylindrical body, from bottom to top, are a filter screen for filtering water and a filter membrane for capturing eDNA vectors in the water. Two sets of sealing plates for closing the cylindrical body are symmetrically and elastically rotated on the inner wall below the filter screen and filter membrane. The sealing plates on both sides are connected to a drive unit located inside the cylindrical body. The drive unit is driven by the negative pressure drive mechanism to flip and open the sealing plates on both sides. A cover plate is detachably provided on the outer wall of the cylindrical body.

[0010] A further improvement is that the drive unit includes movable cavities formed within the wall thickness of both sides of the cylinder. A piston is movably disposed within the movable cavity. The piston is connected to a corresponding sealing plate via a pull rope. When the piston moves upward within the movable cavity, the pull rope pulls the corresponding sealing plate to flip open. The bottom of the piston is connected to the inner wall of the bottom of the movable cavity via an elastic reset member. The movable cavity passes through the side wall of the air inlet via a channel.

[0011] A further improvement is that the negative pressure drive mechanism includes a docking rod movably disposed within the frame two and located above the shell. The docking rod is driven to move axially along the frame two by a telescopic device disposed within the frame two. One end of the docking rod passes through the frame two through a pipe and is connected to the negative pressure device. The other end is provided with a connector for inserting into the air inlet. The bottom of the connector is provided with a main air inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder. Side air inlets communicating with the side channels are symmetrically arranged on both sides. Solenoid valves are provided in both the main air inlet and the side air inlets. The side wall of the connector is also provided with an electromagnetic locking element for locking it in the air inlet.

[0012] A further improvement is that the inner wall of the housing is provided with a positioning plate, the positioning plate is provided with a detection sensor, and the side wall of the eDNA sample sampler is hinged with a contact plate. One end of the contact plate is connected to the outer wall of the eDNA sample sampler through an elastic element, and the other end is used to contact the detection sensor when the eDNA sample sampler rotates with the turntable. When the contact plate contacts the detection sensor, the detection sensor sends a signal to control the rotating device to stop, and the eDNA sample sampler corresponding to the contact plate is in the position corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism.

[0013] A further improvement is that a transparent shell is embedded at the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder, the transparent shell contains a water-sensitive color-changing material, the outer wall of the transparent shell has a liquid inlet, and the liquid inlet contains a filter screen.

[0014] A method for assessing the health of paddy field ecosystems coupled with eDNA and hydrology, utilizing the aforementioned assessment device, includes the following steps: S1: Collect hydrological data of the target paddy field through acquisition module one; S2: Collect eDNA data of the target paddy field water body through the second acquisition module; wherein, the operating frame mechanism is manually held to reach the predetermined area of ​​the target paddy field, the operation conversion mechanism moves a designated eDNA sampler to the position inside the operating frame mechanism corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism, the negative pressure drive mechanism docks with the eDNA sampler and drives it into the paddy field water body for sampling, this process is repeated to collect samples at different points in the area using multiple sets of eDNA sampler, and then the eDNA sampler is brought back to the laboratory for subsequent processing and analysis to obtain water body eDNA data; S3: Receive hydrological data and water body eDNA data through the ecosystem health assessment module, couple and analyze the two data, and output the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention can collect hydrological data and water body eDNA data of the target paddy field and send them to the ecosystem health assessment module. The ecosystem health assessment module couples and analyzes the two data and outputs the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results, which can comprehensively reflect the intrinsic relationship between environmental stress and biological response, thereby generating a more comprehensive and objective paddy field ecosystem health assessment result. Secondly, the second acquisition module of the present invention can drive different eDNA samplers to correspond with the negative pressure drive mechanism through the conversion mechanism. The negative pressure drive mechanism connects with the eDNA samplers and drives them to perform sampling, which facilitates continuous acquisition and improves sampling efficiency. Furthermore, the independent packaging of the collected samples by each eDNA sampler effectively avoids cross-contamination between samples, ensures the quality of the analyzed water eDNA data, and thus improves the accuracy of the evaluation results. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second acquisition module of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Structural sectional view; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the conversion mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of structure A in the image; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the eDNA sampler structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Another perspective on the structure.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Operating frame mechanism; 11. Frame body one; 12. Lead screw; 13. Connecting seat; 14. Drive handwheel; 15. Connecting frame; 16. Frame body two; 17. Rotating device one; 2. Conversion mechanism; 21. Shell; 22. Rotating device two; 23. Turntable; 24. Transparent shell cover; 25. Elastic buckle; 26. Positioning plate; 3. eDNA sample sampler; 31. Cylinder; 32. Filter membrane; 33. Filter screen; 34. Sealing plate; 35. Piston; 36. Pull rope; 37. Movable chamber; 38. Contact plate; 39. Transparent shell; 310. Liquid inlet; 311. Elastic component; 312. Cover plate; 4. Negative pressure drive mechanism; 41. Negative pressure device; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Telescopic device; 44. Electromagnetic locking component; 45. Side vent. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A paddy field ecosystem health assessment device coupling eDNA and hydrology includes a first acquisition module for collecting hydrological data of the target paddy field, and a second acquisition module for collecting eDNA data of the target paddy field water. Optionally, in this embodiment, the first acquisition module uses multiple sensors, such as water level sensors, water temperature sensors, pH sensors, redox potential sensors, etc., and an ecosystem health assessment module wirelessly connected to the first acquisition module and the second acquisition module. The ecosystem health assessment module is used to receive hydrological data and water eDNA data, perform coupled analysis of the two data, and output the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results. The second collection module includes an operating frame mechanism 1 for handheld operation by the operator, a conversion mechanism 2 on the operating frame mechanism 1, several sets of eDNA sample samplers 3 on the conversion mechanism 2, and a negative pressure drive mechanism 4 inside the operating frame mechanism 1. The conversion mechanism 2 is used to drive different eDNA sample samplers 3 to move to the position inside the operating frame mechanism 1 corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism 4. The negative pressure drive mechanism 4 is used to dock with the eDNA sample sampler 3 that has moved to the corresponding position and drive the eDNA sample sampler 3 into the paddy field water body for sampling. The aforementioned acquisition module 2 allows operators to flexibly select sampling points based on the actual conditions in the paddy field. By quickly changing the eDNA sampler 3, samples can be obtained from different areas within the paddy field. At the same time, the modular and pre-packaged design reduces operational complexity and avoids on-site contamination, providing high-quality samples for subsequent laboratory analysis. After collecting the samples, they can be brought back to the laboratory for processing and analysis to obtain water eDNA data.

[0021] Preferably, the ecosystem health assessment module in this embodiment is configured to: receive water body eDNA data and hydrological data (specifically, the hydrological data includes: water level data obtained through a water level sensor, water temperature data obtained through a water temperature sensor, pH data obtained through a pH sensor, and redox potential data obtained through a redox potential sensor, etc.); compare the water body eDNA data with a pre-constructed sensitive indicator organism gene database (in this embodiment, the database is pre-screened and constructed based on historical studies or regional baseline surveys, and contains data on key species that have an indicative effect on typical stress factors in paddy fields); identify and quantify the gene abundance information of sensitive indicator organisms (specifically, identify the target indicator organisms present in the sample and calculate their relative gene abundance, thereby quantifying their presence intensity and activity level); and then perform a correlation analysis between the gene abundance information and hydrological data exceeding a preset safety threshold (specifically, compare each hydrological data with a safety threshold pre-set based on ecotoxicological, agronomical standards, or historical baseline data). The values ​​are compared to identify abnormally fluctuating hydrological data and their exceeding range and duration. Then, the coupling analysis stage is entered. By establishing a statistical model, the aforementioned quantified sensitive indicator organism gene abundance information is correlated and causally analyzed with specific hydrological data. This mainly includes: analyzing the degree of matching between dissolved oxygen continuously below the threshold and the surge in anaerobic microbial abundance, or the correlation between physicochemical indicators related to pesticide residues and the disappearance of gene signals of specific benthic organisms. The analysis results are then substituted into a preset health assessment algorithm (random forest algorithm model) to output the health level assessment result. Optionally, the assessment result in this embodiment is the final conclusive output generated after substituting the analysis results into the preset algorithm. It is usually an intuitive, comprehensive and interpretable quantitative expression of ecological health status, such as a health index score between 0 and 100, a five-level rating label of "excellent, good, medium, poor, and bad", or a structured diagnostic report (indicating the main stress type, risk location and confidence level). Further details are not provided here.

[0022] A method for assessing the health of paddy field ecosystems coupled with eDNA and hydrology, utilizing the aforementioned assessment device, includes the following steps: S1: Collect hydrological data of the target paddy field through acquisition module one; S2: Collect eDNA data of the target paddy field water body through the second acquisition module; wherein, the operating frame mechanism 1 is manually held to reach the predetermined area of ​​the target paddy field, the operation conversion mechanism 2 moves a designated eDNA sample sampler 3 to the position inside the operating frame mechanism 1 corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism 4, the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 docks with the eDNA sample sampler 3 and drives it into the paddy field water body for sampling, this process is repeated to collect samples at different points in the area using multiple sets of eDNA sample samplers 3, and then the eDNA sample sampler 3 is brought back to the laboratory for subsequent processing and analysis to obtain water body eDNA data; S3: Receive hydrological data and water body eDNA data through the ecosystem health assessment module, couple and analyze the two data, and output the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 2-3 Based on Embodiment 1, the operating frame mechanism 1 of this embodiment includes a cylindrical frame 11, a connecting seat 13 at one end of the frame 11, a cylindrical frame 16 at one end connected to the connecting seat 13 via a rotating shaft, a rotating device 17 (such as a micro servo motor and a micro reducer, used to adjust the frame 16 to rotate to a state parallel or perpendicular to the frame 11, the output end of the rotating device 17 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft), a lead screw 12 rotatably disposed in the frame 11, and a connecting frame 15 at one end connected to the connecting seat 13 and the other end passing through the frame 11 and threaded onto the outer wall of the lead screw 12. The connecting frame 15 is U-shaped and slidably connected to the inner wall of the frame 11. The end of the lead screw 12 away from the connecting seat 13 is also provided with a drive handwheel 14 for manual rotation by the operator. When the sampling point is close to the operator, the rotating device 17 can drive the frame 2 16 to rotate to a state parallel to the frame 11. At this time, vertical sampling can be easily carried out, simplifying the operation. When the sampling point is far from the operator, the rotating device 17 can drive the frame 2 16 to rotate to a state perpendicular to the frame 11. The drive handwheel 14 drives the lead screw 12, and the lead screw 12 drives the connecting seat 13 to move the frame 2 16 through the connecting frame 15. Then, the frame 2 16 is operated by the frame 11 to vertically enter the sampling point for sampling. This improves the spatial adaptability and operational convenience of sampling. The operator does not need to frequently move the standing position to cover multiple sampling points from near the shore to a certain distance away, meeting the sampling needs of the paddy field environment. It should be noted that an operating handle (not shown in the figure) may also be installed on the outer wall of frame 11.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 3-5Preferably, the conversion mechanism 2 in this embodiment includes a housing 21 (with a circular cross-section) fixedly inserted into the outer wall of the frame 16, a turntable 23 rotatably disposed within the housing 21 via a central shaft, and a rotating device 22 (such as composed of a micro stepper motor and a micro reducer, with its output end connected to one end of the central shaft) disposed on the housing 21 to drive the turntable 23 to rotate. The turntable 23 has several sets of through holes for accommodating the eDNA sample sampler 3. The inner wall of the through holes is provided with an arc-shaped elastic buckle 25 (which can be made of metal spring sheet or engineering plastic elastomer). The outer wall of the eDNA sample sampler 3 is provided with an arc-shaped slot that matches the elastic buckle 25. The elastic buckle 25 and the slot are used to achieve reliable fixation and quick assembly / disassembly of the eDNA sample sampler 3 in the through holes. The upper and lower outer walls of the housing 21, located inside the frame 2 16, are provided with openings for the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 and the eDNA sampler 3 to enter and exit. The negative pressure drive mechanism 4 can extend into the upper opening and dock with the eDNA sampler 3 currently aligned on the turntable 23. After docking, the eDNA sampler 3 can be driven downward by the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 and enter the paddy field water through the lower opening. The bottom of the housing 21, located outside the frame 2 16, is provided with a detachable transparent cover 24 (which can be installed by bolt fastening, snap locking or magnetic attraction) to facilitate the operator to observe the sampling status of the internal eDNA sampler 3. The transparent cover 24 can be opened to disassemble and assemble the eDNA sampler 3. The conversion mechanism 2 of this embodiment facilitates multiple sampling and classification and storage of the sampled samples. Optionally, a miniature cooler (not shown in the figure) is also provided inside the housing 21 in this embodiment to maintain a suitable low temperature environment inside the housing 21, so as to better protect the samples collected by the eDNA sample sampler 3.

[0026] Please see the appendix Figure 4-7Preferably, the eDNA sampler 3 in this embodiment includes a hollow cylinder 31 with an air inlet at the top for docking with the negative pressure drive mechanism 4. Inside the cylinder 31, from bottom to top, are a filter screen 33 for filtering water and a filter membrane 32 for capturing eDNA carriers in the water. The filter screen 33 is used to initially intercept large particles such as silt in the water, while the filter membrane 32 has extremely small pores (e.g., 0.45 micrometers) for retaining and enriching microorganisms carrying eDNA. The filter membrane 32 can be used to process and analyze the adsorbed particles to obtain water eDNA data without the need to retain the water. In this embodiment, the filter screen 33 can be made of stainless steel mesh or nylon screen, and the filter membrane 32 can be made of polycarbonate membrane, mixed cellulose ester membrane or glass fiber membrane. There are two sets of sealing plates 34 on the inner wall of the cylinder 31 below the filter screen 33 and the filter membrane 32, which are symmetrically elastically rotating shafts (including shafts and torsion springs) for closing the cylinder 31. When the sealing plates 34 are in the closed state, they can receive the filtered particles. The filter screen 33 traps particulate matter and the eDNA vector captured by the filter membrane 32, preventing them from escaping from the bottom of the cylinder 31. The side sealing plates 34 are connected to the drive unit located inside the cylinder 31. The drive unit is driven by the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 to flip and open the side sealing plates 34, allowing the eDNA sampler 3 to enter the paddy field water. The outer wall of the cylinder 31 is detachably equipped with a cover plate 312, which can be detachably fixed to the cylinder 31 using a bolt-type structure. A sealing structure is provided between the cover plate 312 and the cylinder 31 for sealing. By opening the cover plate 312, the filter membrane 32 and large particles such as silt can be recovered for subsequent processing and analysis in the laboratory to obtain water eDNA data. This eDNA sampler 3 uses the filter screen 33 for preliminary water filtration, effectively preventing the filter membrane 32 from clogging and improving the eDNA vector capture efficiency, as well as increasing the range of water eDNA data obtained. The flip-up sealing plate 34 structure ensures smooth water flow during sampling and avoids the loss of collected samples during transfer.

[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 5 Preferably, the drive unit in this embodiment includes vertical movable cavities 37 formed within the wall thickness on both sides of the cylinder 31. A piston 35 with an I-shaped vertical cross-section is movably disposed within the movable cavity 37. The piston 35 is connected to a corresponding sealing plate 34 via a pull rope 36 (made of flexible tensile-resistant materials such as steel wire or nylon thread), as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 5As shown, specifically, the upper and lower sealing plates 34 on the left side of the cylinder 31 are connected to the left piston 35 via a pull rope 36 passing through the left side wall of the cylinder 31. The upper and lower sealing plates 34 on the right side are connected to the right piston 35 in the same way. The space above the piston 35 in the movable cavity 37 is filled with air. When the piston 35 moves upward in the movable cavity 37, the pull rope 36 pulls the corresponding sealing plate 34 to flip open. The bottom of the piston 35 is connected to the bottom inner wall of the movable cavity 37 via an elastic reset element (such as a spring). The movable cavity 37 passes through the side wall of the air inlet through a channel. When the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 docks with the air inlet and starts to pump air, the negative pressure... The air is drawn out from the space above the piston 35 in the active chamber 37 through the channel, thereby driving the piston 35 to move upward under the action of pressure difference. The piston 35 pulls the sealing plates 34 on both sides through the pull rope 36, causing them to overcome the resistance of the torsion spring and flip downward to open. When the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 disengages from the air inlet after sampling, the negative pressure applied to the piston 35 disappears, and the elastic reset member at the bottom drives the piston 35 to reset downward. The sealing plate 34 then automatically flips upward to close under the action of the torsion spring on its own shaft, resealing the corresponding position in the inner cavity of the cylinder 31, ensuring that the sample is classified and sealed before and after sampling, and preventing sample loss and contamination.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 3-5 Preferably, the negative pressure drive mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes a hollow connecting rod 42 movably disposed within the frame 2 16 and located above the housing 21. The connecting rod 42 is driven to move axially along the frame 2 16 by a telescopic device 43 (e.g., an electric push rod or a linear module) disposed within the frame 2 16. One end of the connecting rod 42 passes through the frame 2 16 via a pipe (flexible hose) and is connected to the negative pressure device 41 (e.g., a vacuum pump or peristaltic pump, which can be installed on the frame 1 11). The other end is provided with a T-shaped connector for inserting into the air inlet. The bottom of the connector is provided with a main air inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder 31. Side air inlets 45 are symmetrically provided on both sides, communicating with the side channels respectively. A connection to the air inlet can be embedded at the side air inlet 45. A sealing ring is fitted to the inner wall, and a sealing ring is also embedded on the outer wall of the connector above the side vent 45, fitting to the inner wall of the air inlet, to ensure the airtightness of the connector after it is connected to the air inlet. Solenoid valves are provided in both the main vent and the side vent 45 to switch the air path. The side wall of the connector is also provided with an electromagnetic locking member 44 for locking it in the air inlet. Optionally, the electromagnetic locking member 44 in this embodiment includes a groove opened in the side wall of the connector, a magnetic pin movably inserted in the groove, an electromagnetic block provided in the groove for energizing and adsorbing the magnetic pin to move axially, and a spring connecting the magnetic pin and the bottom of the groove. A slot for inserting the magnetic pin is provided on the inner wall of the air inlet. Of course, the electromagnetic locking member 44 is not limited to the above method. The telescopic device 43 first pushes the docking rod 42 to insert the connector into the air inlet and lock it. Then, it opens the solenoid valve in the side vent 45 and closes the solenoid valve in the main vent. The negative pressure device 41 is then activated, which causes the sealing plate 34 to flip open. Next, the telescopic device 43 drives the docking rod 42 and the corresponding eDNA sampler 3 to move downward together, causing the eDNA sampler 3 to detach from the fixing of the conversion mechanism 2 and enter the paddy field water. At this time, the air path is switched, the solenoid valve in the side vent 45 is closed, and the solenoid valve in the main vent is opened. The negative pressure acts directly on the inner cavity of the eDNA sampler 3, drawing in the water sample and passing it through the filter screen 33 and the filter membrane 32 to complete the capture of the eDNA carrier. After sampling, the telescopic device 43 lifts the eDNA sampler 3 back to the conversion mechanism 2, releases the electromagnetic locking part 44, and the connector exits. The sealing plate 34 is then closed, completing one sampling cycle. This method achieves automated and precise control from docking, opening and closing the sealing plate 34, lowering for sampling, negative pressure suction to reset and recovery, ensuring the reliability and timing accuracy of the sampling action. Through the coordinated cooperation of gas path switching and mechanical linkage, a single negative pressure source realizes both the driving unit action and sampling suction functions, simplifying the overall structure.

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 5-7 Preferably, the inner wall of the housing 21 in this embodiment is provided with a positioning plate 26, and the positioning plate 26 is provided with a detection sensor (such as a contact sensor or a photoelectric sensor). The side wall of the eDNA sampler 3 is hinged with a contact plate 38. One end of the contact plate 38 is connected to the outer wall of the eDNA sampler 3 through an elastic element 311 (such as a spring), and the other end is used to contact the detection sensor when the eDNA sampler 3 rotates with the turntable 23. When the contact plate 38 contacts the detection sensor, the detection sensor sends a signal to control the rotating device 22 to stop, and the eDNA sampler 3 corresponding to the contact plate 38 is in the position corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism 4. It should be noted that the detection sensor and the electrical components in this device are all connected to the controller, which can be set on the frame 11 (not shown in the figure). Specifically, when the turntable 23 drives the eDNA sampler 3 to rotate, one end of the contact plate 38 will contact the detection sensor on the positioning plate 26. The detection sensor will then send a signal to the controller, which will control the rotating device 22 to stop. At this time, the eDNA sampler 3 corresponding to the contact plate 38 will rotate to the position directly opposite the connector of the negative pressure drive mechanism 4, thus creating conditions for subsequent docking and sampling. After sampling is completed, the operator can continue to start the turntable 23 to rotate. During the process of squeezing the positioning plate 26, the contact plate 38 will rotate around the hinge point and compress the elastic element 311, thus smoothly passing over the positioning plate 26. The turntable 23 will continue to rotate until the contact plate 38 of the next eDNA sampler 3 triggers the detection sensor to stop, ensuring that each eDNA sampler 3 can be sent to the working position in sequence and accurately. This avoids the rotation over-rotation failure problem that may occur during the use of the rotating device 22, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the entire device and the smooth progress of the sampling process.

[0030] Preferably, in this embodiment, a transparent shell 39 is embedded in the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder 31. The transparent shell 39 contains a water-sensitive color-changing material (such as anhydrous cobalt chloride test paper). The outer wall of the transparent shell 39 is provided with a liquid inlet 310. The liquid inlet 310 is provided with a filter screen to prevent particles such as mud and sand from entering. When the eDNA sample sampler 3 enters the paddy field water, a small amount of water will pass through the filter screen of the liquid inlet 310 and enter the interior of the transparent shell 39 under the action of pressure difference. It will come into contact with the water-sensitive color-changing material and cause its color to change. The operator can directly observe the color state of the transparent shell 39 on each eDNA sample sampler 3 through the transparent shell cover 24, so as to clearly and intuitively identify which eDNA sample samplers 3 have completed sampling (changed color) and which have not been used (not changed color). This facilitates the operator to quickly manage consumables, effectively avoids the misuse, omission or reuse of the eDNA sample sampler 3, ensures the orderliness of the sampling work and the reliability of the samples, and improves the overall work efficiency.

[0031] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A paddy field ecosystem health assessment device coupled with eDNA and hydrology, characterized in that, It includes a first acquisition module for collecting hydrological data of the target paddy field, a second acquisition module for collecting eDNA data of the target paddy field water, and an ecosystem health assessment module that is wirelessly connected to the first and second acquisition modules. The ecosystem health assessment module is used to receive hydrological data and water eDNA data, perform coupled analysis on the two data, and output the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results. The second acquisition module includes an operating frame mechanism (1), a conversion mechanism (2) on the operating frame mechanism (1), several sets of eDNA samplers (3) on the conversion mechanism (2), and a negative pressure drive mechanism (4) inside the operating frame mechanism (1). The conversion mechanism (2) is used to drive different eDNA samplers (3) to move to the position inside the operating frame mechanism (1) corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism (4). The negative pressure drive mechanism (4) is used to dock with the eDNA sampler (3) that has moved to the corresponding position and drive the eDNA sampler (3) to enter the paddy field water body for sampling.

2. The evaluation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecosystem health assessment module is configured to: receive water body eDNA data and hydrological data; identify and quantify the gene abundance information of sensitive indicator organisms by comparing the water body eDNA data with a pre-constructed sensitive indicator organism gene database; then perform correlation analysis between the gene abundance information and hydrological data exceeding a preset safety threshold to obtain the analysis results; and finally, substitute the analysis results into a preset health assessment algorithm to output the health level assessment result.

3. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating frame mechanism (1) includes a frame one (11), a connecting seat (13) located at one end of the frame one (11), a frame two (16) with one end of its rotating shaft connected to the connecting seat (13), a rotating device one (17) located on the connecting seat (13) and used to drive the frame two (16) to rotate, a lead screw (12) rotatably located in the frame one (11), and a connecting frame (15) with one end connected to the connecting seat (13), the other end passing through the frame one (11) and threaded onto the outer wall of the lead screw (12). The end of the lead screw (12) away from the connecting seat (13) is also provided with a drive handwheel (14).

4. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conversion mechanism (2) includes a housing (21) fixedly inserted into the outer wall of the frame (26), a turntable (23) rotatably disposed in the housing (21), and a rotating device (22) disposed on the housing (21) for driving the turntable (23) to rotate. The turntable (23) has several sets of through holes for accommodating the eDNA sample sampler (3). The inner wall of the through hole is provided with an arc-shaped elastic buckle (25). The outer wall of the eDNA sample sampler (3) is provided with an arc-shaped slot adapted to the elastic buckle (25). The upper and lower outer walls of the housing (21) located inside the frame (26) are provided with through openings for the negative pressure drive mechanism (4) and the eDNA sample sampler (3) to enter and exit. The bottom of the housing (21) and located outside the frame (26) are provided with a detachable transparent cover (24).

5. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The eDNA sampler (3) includes a cylinder (31). The top of the cylinder (31) is provided with an air inlet for docking with the negative pressure drive mechanism (4). The cylinder (31) is provided with a filter screen (33) for filtering water and a filter membrane (32) for capturing eDNA carriers in the water from bottom to top. The inner wall of the cylinder (31) located below the filter screen (33) and the filter membrane (32) is symmetrically and elastically rotated with two sets of sealing plates (34) for sealing the cylinder (31). The sealing plates (34) on both sides are connected to the drive unit located in the cylinder (31). The drive unit is driven by the negative pressure drive mechanism (4) to flip and open the sealing plates (34). The outer wall of the cylinder (31) is provided with a cover plate (312).

6. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive unit includes movable cavities (37) opened in the wall thickness of both sides of the cylinder (31). A piston (35) is movably provided in the movable cavity (37). The piston (35) is connected to the corresponding sealing plate (34) by a pull rope (36). When the piston (35) moves upward in the movable cavity (37), the pull rope (36) pulls the corresponding sealing plate (34) to flip open. The bottom of the piston (35) is connected to the bottom inner wall of the movable cavity (37) by an elastic reset member. The movable cavity (37) passes through the side wall of the air inlet through a channel.

7. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The negative pressure drive mechanism (4) includes a docking rod (42) movably disposed within the frame two (16) and located above the shell (21). The docking rod (42) is driven to move axially along the frame two (16) by a telescopic device (43) disposed within the frame two (16). One end of the docking rod (42) passes through the frame two (16) through a pipe and is connected to the negative pressure device (41). The other end is provided with a connector for inserting into the air inlet. The bottom of the connector is provided with a main air inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the cylinder (31). Symmetrically arranged on both sides are side air inlets (45) communicating with the side channels respectively. Both the main air inlet and the side air inlet (45) are provided with solenoid valves. The side wall of the connector is also provided with an electromagnetic locking member (44) for locking it in the air inlet.

8. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (21) is provided with a positioning plate (26), and a detection sensor is provided on the positioning plate (26). The side wall of the eDNA sampler (3) is hinged with a contact plate (38). One end of the contact plate (38) is connected to the outer wall of the eDNA sampler (3) through an elastic element (311), and the other end is used to contact the detection sensor when the eDNA sampler (3) rotates with the turntable (23). When the contact plate (38) contacts the detection sensor, the detection sensor sends a signal to control the rotating device (22) to stop, and the eDNA sampler (3) corresponding to the contact plate (38) is in the position corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism (4).

9. The evaluation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, A transparent shell (39) is embedded in the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder (31). The transparent shell (39) contains a water-sensitive color-changing material. The outer wall of the transparent shell (39) is provided with a liquid inlet (310). A filter screen is provided inside the liquid inlet (310).

10. A method for assessing the health of a paddy field ecosystem coupled with eDNA and hydrology, utilizing the assessment device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collect hydrological data of the target paddy field through acquisition module one; S2: Collect eDNA data of the target paddy field water body through the second acquisition module; wherein, the operating frame mechanism (1) is held manually to reach the predetermined area of ​​the target paddy field, and the operation conversion mechanism (2) moves a designated eDNA sample sampler (3) to the position corresponding to the negative pressure drive mechanism (4) inside the operating frame mechanism (1). The negative pressure drive mechanism (4) docks with the eDNA sample sampler (3) and drives it into the paddy field water body for sampling. This process is repeated to collect samples at different points in the area using multiple sets of eDNA sample samplers (3). Then, the eDNA sample sampler (3) is brought back to the laboratory for subsequent processing and analysis to obtain water body eDNA data. S3: Receive hydrological data and water body eDNA data through the ecosystem health assessment module, couple and analyze the two data, and output the paddy field ecosystem health assessment results.

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