An ecological tourism scenic spot water-soil-air ecological environment early warning system and device based on multi-source data fusion

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of ecological tourist attractions water and soil gas ecological environment early warning system and device based on multi-source data fusion.The device includes open container, for accommodating the undisturbed soil taken from ecological tourist attractions;Adjusting mechanism is connected with the open container, for driving the open container rotation, to adjust the inclination angle of its internal soil surface;Multi-source sensor module includes atmospheric environment monitoring unit, soil environment monitoring unit and water environment monitoring unit;Early warning module is connected with the multi-source sensor module, for receiving the multi-source data collected by atmospheric environment monitoring unit, soil environment monitoring unit and water environment monitoring unit;The present application breaks through the hysteresis of traditional displacement monitoring, by setting a more steep physical simulation slope than natural slope, it collapses first instability when raining, this method is based on deterministic physical event rather than statistical anomaly, greatly reduces the false alarm rate, especially suitable for ecological tourism scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecotourism environmental monitoring and disaster early warning technology, specifically involving an early warning system and device for the water, soil and air ecological environment of ecotourism attractions based on multi-source data fusion. Background Technology

[0002] Ecotourism, as a form of tourism that emphasizes environmental protection and sustainable development, has experienced rapid growth globally in recent years. The core appeal of ecotourism destinations lies in their excellent natural environment, including fresh air, clean water, stable geological conditions, and abundant biological resources. However, ecotourism sites are typically located in mountainous areas, river valleys, and other regions with complex natural conditions, facing threats from various sudden geological disasters such as flash floods, landslides, and mudslides. Simultaneously, concentrated tourist activities can negatively impact the water environment, soil structure, and air quality of these areas, even potentially exceeding ecological carrying capacity limits.

[0003] Currently, ecological environment monitoring and early warning technologies for ecotourism scenic areas suffer from the following shortcomings: First, traditional monitoring devices often use single sensors to independently monitor single environmental elements, such as rainfall or water level, lacking the ability to comprehensively perceive and couple multiple elements (water, soil, and air), making it difficult to achieve accurate early warning based on physical mechanisms. Second, existing landslide early warning devices mainly rely on sensors such as inclinometers and displacement gauges to directly monitor slope deformation, but these monitoring methods suffer from early warning lag. By the time displacement is clearly detected, the slope has often entered an accelerated deformation phase, leaving extremely limited time for evacuation. Third, existing devices face problems such as power supply difficulties, unstable communication, and high operation and maintenance costs in actual deployment, making it difficult to operate stably in the complex environment of ecotourism scenic areas for a long period. Therefore, developing an ecological environment early warning device that can achieve multi-source data fusion, possess physical slope simulation early warning capabilities, and adapt to the needs of ecotourism scenarios is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an early warning system and device for the water, soil, air and ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: An early warning device for the water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion includes: Open containers for holding unprocessed soil taken from ecotourism areas; An adjustment mechanism, connected to the open container, is used to drive the open container to rotate in order to adjust the tilt angle of the soil surface inside it. The multi-source sensor module includes an atmospheric environment monitoring unit, a soil environment monitoring unit, and a water environment monitoring unit; The early warning module is communicatively connected to the multi-source sensor module. It is used to receive multi-source data collected by the atmospheric environment monitoring unit, soil environment monitoring unit and water environment monitoring unit, and to perform fusion analysis on the multi-source data. When the early warning module determines that there is a risk of landslide, it sends a landslide early warning signal to the outside.

[0006] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes two support columns, and the open container is rotatably mounted between the two support columns; One of the support columns is equipped with a drive motor for rotating the open container.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a telescopic component fixedly mounted on the two support columns, the support columns having a groove along their length, a slider being movably mounted in the groove, and the open container being rotatably mounted on the two sliders; The telescopic ends of the two telescopic components are fixedly installed on the corresponding sliders. The telescopic components are used to drive the open container to move along the slide groove of the support column. The open container is used to excavate the ground soil.

[0008] Preferably, the early warning device further includes a track, a movable base disposed on the track, and a moving mechanism for moving the movable base; The movable base is provided with two guide grooves, and the two support columns are movably installed in the guide grooves. The movable base is provided with a drive mechanism for moving the two support columns along the length direction of the movable base.

[0009] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes two second-generation drive motors fixedly mounted on the moving base and two first-generation gears fixedly mounted on the output shaft ends of the two second-generation drive motors. The track is provided with a plurality of first-generation tooth grooves that mesh with the first-generation gears. The drive mechanism includes two No. 3 drive motors fixedly mounted on the movable base and two lead screws fixedly mounted on the output shaft ends of the two No. 3 drive motors respectively. The two lead screws are respectively threadedly connected to the corresponding support columns.

[0010] Preferably, an annular slide rail is fixedly installed on the movable base, and a storage frame for collecting soil that has slipped from an open container is movably installed on the annular slide rail. The storage frame is provided with a power mechanism for moving the storage frame along the annular slide rail.

[0011] Preferably, the power mechanism includes a No. 4 drive motor fixedly mounted on the storage frame and a No. 2 gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the No. 4 drive motor, and the annular slide rail is provided with a plurality of No. 2 tooth grooves that mesh with the No. 2 gear.

[0012] Preferably, the storage frame includes a base plate, two side plates fixedly mounted on the base plate, a second telescopic component fixedly mounted on the two side plates, and a discharge module fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the second telescopic component. The unloading module includes a first baffle and a second baffle that are parallel to each other, and a connecting plate for connecting the first baffle and the second baffle. The first baffle is fixedly connected to the second telescopic component.

[0013] An early warning system for the water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion includes: An early warning device for the water, soil, air and ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion, as described in any of the above items; The network module is communicatively connected to the multi-source sensor module and is used to receive atmospheric environmental data, soil environmental data and water environmental data collected by the multi-source sensor module, and to perform data aggregation and stable transmission. The cloud-based analytics platform communicates with the network module to receive multi-source data transmitted by the network module and perform ecological and environmental trend analysis.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional landslide monitoring methods that rely on the lag of displacement detection by innovatively setting up a physically simulated slope that is steeper than the natural slope. This simulated slope has a lower safety factor than the surrounding natural slopes and will collapse earlier under the same rainfall conditions. By embedding soil moisture sensors, pore water pressure sensors, and bottom pressure sensors within the simulated slope, the system can capture early signs of impending collapse. When a collapse occurs on the simulated slope, the system immediately issues a warning, while the natural slope has not yet slid, thus providing valuable advance warning for evacuation. Because a collapse is a deterministic event rather than a statistical anomaly, this method significantly reduces the false alarm rate, solving the problem of frequent false alarms or missed alarms in traditional threshold alarm methods under complex geological conditions. It is particularly suitable for ecotourism scenarios with low tolerance for false alarms.

[0015] This invention designs the open container in the shape of a bucket. Combined with a primary drive motor and a primary telescopic component in the adjustment mechanism, the device can autonomously excavate soil on the ground, directly acquiring soil from scenic areas with its original structure, eliminating the need for manual backfilling. Furthermore, by incorporating a circular slide rail and a movable storage frame, the device can automatically transport soil from simulated landslides back to the original sampling point for backfilling, and then use the open container to level and compact it. This design allows the device to complete multiple simulation-warning cycles at one location before moving to a new location to restart operations. It enables long-term, continuous monitoring and early warning without human intervention, significantly reducing operation and maintenance costs and manpower input, making it particularly suitable for remote, inaccessible ecotourism sites.

[0016] This invention integrates atmospheric, soil, and water environment monitoring units into a single unit, constructing a complete monitoring chain. Atmospheric data provides driving parameters such as rainfall intensity and evaporation, soil data provides media response parameters such as moisture content and pore water pressure, and water data provides final response parameters such as water level and turbidity. These three data points are correlated and analyzed in real time through an edge computing gateway. For example, comparing rainfall intensity with soil infiltration rate can determine runoff conditions, and correlating changes in pore water pressure with changes in tilt angle can determine landslide risk. This multi-dimensional, multi-parameter fusion early warning mechanism can identify coupled risks that cannot be detected by a single sensor. By linking these three data points together, this invention significantly improves the accuracy and physical interpretability of early warnings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a wireframe diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the open container in the working state of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Open container; 2. Support column; 3. Drive motor 1; 4. Telescopic component 1; 5. Slider; 6. Track; 7. Movable base; 8. Guide groove; 9. Drive motor 2; 10. Gear 1; 11. Gear slot 1; 12. Drive motor 3; 13. Lead screw shaft; 14. Circular slide rail; 15. Drive motor 4; 16. Gear 2; 17. Gear slot 2; 18. Base plate; 19. Side plate; 20. Telescopic component 2; 21. Baffle 1; 22. Baffle 2; 23. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present application will now be described in further detail. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an early warning device for water, soil, air and ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion includes an open container 1 for storing soil, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the open container 1, a multi-source sensor module for monitoring water, soil and air in ecotourism sites, and an early warning module.

[0022] The multi-source sensor module includes an atmospheric environment monitoring unit (such as a piezoelectric rain gauge), a soil environment monitoring unit, and a water environment monitoring unit (such as a pore water pressure gauge). The atmospheric environment monitoring unit is used to collect rainfall data, the soil environment monitoring unit is used to detect soil collapse data in the open container 1 (a pressure sensor is placed at the bottom of the soil in the open container 1; when the pressure sensor value drops sharply or fluctuates violently, it indicates that the soil has lost contact with the bottom, which is determined as a sign of collapse), and the water environment monitoring unit is used to collect pore water pressure in the monitoring area.

[0023] In this embodiment, the threshold for rainfall is 150 mm / day; exceeding this threshold indicates a landslide risk. The threshold for pore water pressure is 30 kPa; exceeding this threshold also indicates a landslide risk.

[0024] The early warning module communicates with the multi-source sensor module to receive multi-source data collected by the atmospheric environment monitoring unit, soil environment monitoring unit and water environment monitoring unit, and performs fusion analysis on the multi-source data. When the early warning module determines that there is a risk of collapse, it sends a landslide early warning signal to the outside.

[0025] It should be noted that an open container 1 is installed in an uninhabited area of ​​the scenic spot, allowing it to receive rainwater. Unopened soil with a natural structure, taken from the ecotourism site, is placed inside the open container 1. The soil surface is smoothed and left to stand for 3-5 days, allowing the soil to fully adhere to the inner wall of the container 1 (including the anti-slip strips at the bottom, which prevent slippage when the container 1 is tilted) due to its own weight or slight compaction. Then, an adjusting mechanism is used to rotate the open container 1, creating an angle between the soil surface and the ground. Based on the slope of the natural hillside within the ecotourism site, the adjusting mechanism sets the angle of the soil surface inside the open container 1 to be 5-15° (preferably 10°) steeper than the natural slope.

[0026] If the soil slope of open container 1 is slightly larger than that of the natural slope, and a landslide occurs in open container 1 during rainy weather, the soil environment monitoring unit will detect the collapse in open container 1, indicating that the current weather is prone to a real landslide disaster. The warning module will push the warning to the scenic area administrator's APP and LED screen, or trigger the on-site sound and light alarm, send SMS / APP push to tourists' mobile phones in the area, link the ticketing system to stop ticket sales, and broadcast evacuation instructions through the broadcast system.

[0027] Specifically, the adjustment mechanism includes two support columns 2, and the open container 1 is rotatably installed between the two support columns 2.

[0028] One of the support columns 2 is equipped with a drive motor 3 for rotating the open container 1.

[0029] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism also includes a telescopic component 4 (the telescopic component is an electric push rod, the same below) which is fixedly mounted on the two support columns 2 respectively. The support column 2 is provided with a sliding groove along its length, and a slider 5 is movably installed in the sliding groove. The open container 1 is rotatably mounted on the two sliders 5.

[0030] The telescopic ends of the two No. 1 telescopic components 4 are fixedly installed on the corresponding sliders 5. The No. 1 telescopic component 4 is used to drive the open container 1 to move along the slide groove of the support column 2. The open container 1 is used to excavate the ground soil.

[0031] It should be noted that the No. 1 drive motor 3 can drive the open container 1 to rotate. The shape of the open container 1 is set to the shape of the bucket of an excavator. With the vertical movement of the two No. 1 telescopic parts 4, the open container 1 can dig soil on the ground by itself. The soil dug out is the soil that already exists in the scenic area. And by digging directly through the open container 1, the soil maintains the complete natural structure, which can more realistically simulate the anomalies that may occur in the soil of the scenic area.

[0032] Furthermore, the early warning device also includes a track 6, a movable base 7 mounted on the track 6, and a moving mechanism for moving the movable base 7.

[0033] The movable base 7 is provided with two guide grooves 8, and two support columns 2 are movably installed in the guide grooves 8. The movable base 7 is provided with a drive mechanism for driving the two support columns 2 to move along the length of the movable base 7.

[0034] It should be noted that the track 6 is arranged laterally in the field (preferably on a hillside). The moving mechanism can drive the moving base 7 and the open container 1 on the moving base 7 to move laterally on the hillside. After completing a single excavation operation, different excavation positions can be changed without manual backfilling.

[0035] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes two secondary drive motors 9 fixedly mounted on the moving base 7 and two primary gears 10 fixedly mounted on the output shafts of the two secondary drive motors 9. The track 6 is provided with a plurality of primary tooth grooves 11 that mesh with the primary gears 10. When the secondary drive motors 9 drive the primary gears 10 to rotate, the primary gears 10 drive the moving base 7 to move back and forth on the track 6 through the interaction between the primary tooth grooves 11 and the primary gears 10.

[0036] Preferably, the drive mechanism in this embodiment includes two No. 3 drive motors 12 fixedly mounted on the movable base 7 and two lead screw shafts 13 respectively fixedly mounted on the output shaft ends of the two No. 3 drive motors 12. The two lead screw shafts 13 are threadedly connected to the corresponding support columns 2. The No. 3 drive motors 12 drive the lead screw shafts 13 to rotate. The lead screw shafts 13 and the support columns 2 form a lead screw nut pair, which can easily drive the support columns 2 to move on the movable base 7. When the open container 1 is filled with soil, the open container 1 can be moved above the movable base 7. The No. 1 drive motor 3 drives the open container 1 to rotate, so that the bottom of the open container 1 is placed on the movable base 7. Then, the No. 1 telescopic member 4 is used to adjust the angle of the open container 1, so that part of the weight of the open container 1 can be transferred to the movable base 7, reducing the supporting load of the No. 1 telescopic member 4 and also reducing the torque load of the No. 1 drive motor 3.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a ring slide rail 14 is fixedly installed on the movable base 7, and a storage frame for collecting soil that has slipped out of the open container 1 is movably installed on the ring slide rail 14. The storage frame is provided with a power mechanism for moving the storage frame along the ring slide rail 14.

[0039] When a landslide occurs in the soil in open container 1, the soil will fall into the storage box and be collected. Then, the storage box is moved to the location where soil was last collected by the power mechanism, and the collected soil is put into the pit. Open container 1 can also pour the remaining soil into the pit through the control of drive motor 3 and telescopic component 4, so as to realize the reuse of soil and avoid the situation where soil cannot be dug out after multiple uses.

[0040] After the soil is returned to the pit, it is leveled and compacted using an open container 1 to promote the natural recovery of the soil.

[0041] Preferably, the power mechanism includes a fourth drive motor 15 fixedly mounted on the storage frame and a second gear 16 fixedly mounted on the output shaft end of the fourth drive motor 15. The annular slide rail 14 is provided with a plurality of second gear slots 17 that mesh with the second gear 16. When the fourth drive motor 15 drives the second gear 16 to rotate, the second gear 16 drives the storage frame to move along the annular slide rail 14 through the interaction between the second gear 16 and the second gear slots 17.

[0042] The storage frame includes a base plate 18, two side plates 19 fixed on the base plate 18, a second telescopic component 20 fixed on the two side plates 19, and a discharge module fixed on the telescopic end of the second telescopic component 20.

[0043] The unloading module includes a first baffle 21 and a second baffle 22 that are parallel to each other, and a connecting plate 23 for connecting the first baffle 21 and the second baffle 22. The first baffle 21 is fixedly connected to the second telescopic component 20.

[0044] It should be noted that when the second telescopic component 20 extends, it causes the first baffle 21, the connecting plate 23 and the second baffle 22 to slide on the upper surface of the base plate 18. The second baffle 22 causes the collected soil to move on the upper surface of the base plate 18. When the first baffle 21 loses contact with the base plate 18, the soil falls from the base plate 18 into the pit.

[0045] After the soil is released, the second telescopic component 20 drives the first baffle 21 to move back and recombine into a complete storage frame.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] An early warning system for the water, soil, air, and ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion includes an early warning device for the water, soil, air, and ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion, a network module for data aggregation and stable transmission that is communicatively connected to a multi-source sensor module, and a cloud analysis platform. The cloud analysis platform is communicatively connected to the network module and is used to receive the multi-source data transmitted by the network module and perform ecological environment trend analysis.

[0048] The network module includes 4G / 5G or fiber optic cables for transmitting large amounts of data.

[0049] The analysis content of the cloud-based analytics platform includes: Geological hazard trend analysis, for example, based on the rainfall forecast for the next 72 hours and the current soil pore water pressure, predicts that the probability of landslides in the area within the next 24 hours is 78%, and recommends evacuation in advance.

[0050] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An early warning device for the water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion, characterized in that, include: An open container (1) is used to hold undisturbed soil taken from an ecotourism area; An adjustment mechanism, connected to the open container (1), is used to drive the open container (1) to rotate in order to adjust the tilt angle of the soil surface inside it; The multi-source sensor module includes an atmospheric environment monitoring unit, a soil environment monitoring unit, and a water environment monitoring unit; The early warning module is communicatively connected to the multi-source sensor module. It is used to receive multi-source data collected by the atmospheric environment monitoring unit, soil environment monitoring unit and water environment monitoring unit, and to perform fusion analysis on the multi-source data. When the early warning module determines that there is a risk of landslide, it sends a landslide early warning signal to the outside.

2. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes two support columns (2), and the open container (1) is rotatably installed between the two support columns (2); One of the support columns (2) is equipped with a drive motor (3) for rotating the open container (1).

3. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism also includes a telescopic component (4) fixedly mounted on the two support columns (2). The support column (2) has a groove along its length, and a slider (5) is movably installed in the groove. The open container (1) is rotatably mounted on the two sliders (5). The telescopic ends of the two telescopic components (4) are fixedly installed on the corresponding sliders (5). The telescopic components (4) are used to drive the open container (1) to move along the groove of the support column (2). The open container (1) is used to excavate the ground soil.

4. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 3, characterized in that, The warning device also includes a track (6), a movable base (7) mounted on the track (6), and a moving mechanism for moving the movable base (7). The movable base (7) is provided with two guide grooves (8), and the two support columns (2) are movably installed in the guide grooves (8). The movable base (7) is provided with a drive mechanism for driving the two support columns (2) to move along the length direction of the movable base (7).

5. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving mechanism includes two second drive motors (9) fixed on the moving base (7) and two first gears (10) fixed on the output shaft ends of the two second drive motors (9). The track (6) is provided with a number of first tooth grooves (11) that mesh with the first gears (10). The drive mechanism includes two No. 3 drive motors (12) fixed on the movable base (7) and two lead screw shafts (13) fixed on the output shaft ends of the two No. 3 drive motors (12), respectively. The two lead screw shafts (13) are threadedly connected to the corresponding support column (2).

6. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 5, characterized in that, A ring slide rail (14) is fixedly installed on the movable base (7). A storage frame for collecting soil that has fallen into the open container (1) is movably installed on the ring slide rail (14). The storage frame is provided with a power mechanism for moving the storage frame along the ring slide rail (14).

7. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power mechanism includes a No. 4 drive motor (15) fixed on the storage frame and a No. 2 gear (16) fixed on the output shaft end of the No. 4 drive motor (15). The annular slide rail (14) is provided with a number of No. 2 tooth grooves (17) that mesh with the No. 2 gear (16).

8. The early warning device for water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion according to claim 7, characterized in that, The storage frame includes a base plate (18), two side plates (19) fixed on the base plate (18), a second telescopic component (20) fixed on the two side plates (19), and a discharge module fixed on the telescopic end of the second telescopic component (20). The unloading module includes a first baffle (21) and a second baffle (22) that are parallel to each other, and a connecting plate (23) for connecting the first baffle (21) and the second baffle (22). The first baffle (21) is fixedly connected to the second telescopic component (20).

9. An early warning system for the water, soil, and air ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion, characterized in that, include: An early warning device for water, soil, air and ecological environment of ecotourism sites based on multi-source data fusion as described in any one of claims 1-8; The network module is communicatively connected to the multi-source sensor module and is used to receive atmospheric environmental data, soil environmental data and water environmental data collected by the multi-source sensor module, and to perform data aggregation and stable transmission. The cloud-based analytics platform communicates with the network module to receive multi-source data transmitted by the network module and perform ecological and environmental trend analysis.

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