A pantograph wind tunnel test device

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of pantograph wind tunnel test device.The pantograph wind tunnel test device includes wind tunnel test cabin, test pantograph, pedestal, bottom balance tooling, top balance tooling and transition plate, the insulator is installed on the bottom balance, the upper end of the test pantograph is installed on the top balance;The bottom balance tooling includes second mounting seat, bottom plate and first mounting seat, first conical hole is provided on the first mounting seat, second conical hole is provided on the second mounting seat, one end of the bottom balance is provided with first conical head, the other end of the bottom balance is provided with second conical head, the first conical head is inserted and assembled into the first conical hole through first taper hole sleeve, the second conical head is inserted and assembled into the second conical head through second taper hole sleeve, and the insulator is installed on the second mounting seat.The present application improves the cooperation degree of tooling taper hole and balance by using transition taper hole sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pantograph technology, and more particularly to a pantograph wind tunnel testing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of high-speed rail, higher transportation requirements have been put forward, such as the initiation of the development of high-speed train sets with a design speed of over 450 km / h. The pantograph is the core equipment for high-speed trains to obtain high-voltage electrical energy from the overhead contact line, and its aerodynamic performance is crucial to the stable current collection of the pantograph. To verify and improve the aerodynamic performance of the pantograph during high-speed operation, wind tunnel tests at speeds up to 600 km / h are required.

[0003] Pantograph wind tunnel testing fixtures are used to install the pantograph and wind tunnel testing balances, and are fixed inside the wind tunnel testing chamber. Traditional pantograph wind tunnel testing fixtures are usually highly customized products for specific pantograph models and cannot be used in wind tunnel tests of other pantograph models. After the test, they often have to be scrapped, resulting in a huge waste of manpower and resources.

[0004] Existing testing devices, such as the high-speed rail vehicle pantograph wind tunnel testing device disclosed in patent publication number CN203455153U, include a wind tunnel test section. The pantograph under test is placed within the wind tunnel test section, and three insulators are positioned below the pantograph. A first force balance is fixedly connected below each insulator, and the bottom of the first force balance is bolted to a lower connecting plate. The lower connecting plate is bolted to a lower turntable. The pantograph's sideslip angle is adjusted by rotating the lower turntable driven by a motor. However, this method involves the use of large equipment such as servo motors, resulting in high investment costs.

[0005] In addition, pantograph wind tunnel tests typically use a column-type balance, with a conical head at the mounting end. During installation, sufficient contact area must be maintained between the conical head of the test balance and the conical mounting hole of the tooling. Due to issues such as poor machining of the conical mounting hole in the wind tunnel test tooling, or decreased dimensional accuracy of the conical head caused by long-term use of the test balance, the mounting hole often requires repeated manual grinding and correction during installation. In some cases, when the error is too large to be corrected manually, the mounting hole must be re-machined using a large forming machine tool, which is technically challenging, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pantograph wind tunnel testing device, which improves the fit between the tooling cone hole and the balance by using a transition cone hole sleeve.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a pantograph wind tunnel test device, comprising a wind tunnel test chamber, a test pantograph, a base disposed in the wind tunnel test chamber, a bottom balance fixture for installing a bottom balance, a top balance fixture for installing a top balance, and a transition plate connected to the upper end of the top balance fixture. The test pantograph has an insulator. The transition plate is connected to the wind tunnel test chamber. The bottom balance fixture is rotatably mounted on the base. The insulator at the lower end of the test pantograph is mounted on the bottom balance, and the upper end of the test pantograph is mounted on the top balance. The bottom balance fixture includes a second mounting base, a base plate, and a first mounting base detachably mounted on the base plate. The first mounting base has a first conical hole, and the second mounting base has a second conical hole. One end of the bottom balance has a first conical head, and the other end of the bottom balance has a second conical head. The first conical head is inserted into the first conical hole through a first conical hole sleeve, and the second conical head is inserted into the second conical head through a second conical hole sleeve. The first and second conical hole sleeves are used to ensure the fit between the two ends of the bottom balance and the first and second conical holes and the second conical head. The insulator is mounted on the second mounting base.

[0008] In the above scheme, a first conical hole sleeve is added between the first conical hole and the first conical head, and a second conical hole sleeve is added between the second conical hole and the second conical head. When wear occurs after repeated use, only the corresponding conical hole sleeve needs to be replaced to make the bottom balance fit tightly with the conical hole on the mounting base again, achieving sufficient conical hole fit. This solves the problem of low fit between the test balance and the tooling conical hole due to long-term wear, and ensures the test effect.

[0009] Preferably, the base includes a panel and a positioning sleeve rotatably disposed on the panel, and the bottom balance fixture is connected to the positioning sleeve; the panel is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped holes, the plurality of arc-shaped holes being located on the same arc, and the bottom balance fixture is provided with a first fastener adapted to the arc-shaped holes.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the first conical hole sleeve is provided with a boss along the axial direction, and one side of the first conical hole is provided with a countersunk plate that matches the boss.

[0011] Preferably, the top balance fixture includes a bracket, a third mounting base, and an upper plate. The upper end of the bracket is connected to the upper plate, and the lower end of the bracket is detachably connected to the upper end of the third mounting base. The lower end of the third mounting base is used to mount the top balance through a shaft hole. The upper plate is connected to a transition plate through an adjustment structure. The adjustment structure is used to adjust the upper plate in the lateral (X) and vertical (Y) directions on the transition plate.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end of the third mounting base is provided with a third conical hole, and one end of the top balance is provided with a third conical head that is adapted to the third conical hole.

[0013] Preferably, the lower end of the bracket is provided with a first overlap, and the upper end of the third mounting base is provided with a second overlap, the first overlap and the second overlap being overlapped and connected by a second fastener.

[0014] Preferably, the bracket has a thickness t1, the first overlap has a thickness t2, and the second overlap has a thickness t3, where t1=t2=t3.

[0015] Preferably, the upper plate is provided with a plurality of transverse waist-shaped holes extending in the transverse direction X, the transition plate is provided with a plurality of vertical waist-shaped holes extending in the vertical direction Y, a third fastener is provided in the vertical waist-shaped holes to connect with the wind tunnel test chamber, and a fourth fastener is provided in the transverse waist-shaped holes to connect with the transition plate.

[0016] Preferably, the wind tunnel test chamber includes an air inlet section and an air outlet section arranged at intervals. The base is installed between the air inlet section and the air outlet section via a mobile platform. The mobile platform has the freedom to move forward and backward and up and down. The transition plate is connected to the air inlet section.

[0017] Compared with related technologies, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: I. This invention is designed with modules such as a bottom balance fixture, a top balance fixture, and a transition plate. In addition to having the installation function of conventional pantograph wind tunnel test fixtures, each component adopts a detachable structure with conical sleeves and conical holes for installation. It has the advantage of convenient disassembly of faulty modules to achieve rapid rework, reducing the processing and rework difficulty of wind tunnel test fixtures.

[0018] Second, the modular design of this invention also has the advantage of replacing functional modules and being applicable to other pantograph models, thus improving the reusability of tooling.

[0019] Third, this invention adds a first conical hole sleeve between the first conical hole and the first conical head, and adds a second conical hole sleeve between the second conical hole and the second conical head. When wear occurs after repeated use, only the corresponding conical hole sleeve needs to be replaced, so that the bottom balance can be tightly fitted with the conical hole on the mounting base again, achieving sufficient conical hole fit. This solves the problem of low fit between the test balance and the tooling conical hole due to long-term wear during pantograph wind tunnel testing, ensuring test results and making replacement more convenient.

[0020] Fourth, compared with CN203455153U, the present invention can achieve the setting of the pantograph side slip angle by rotating the base plate and adjusting the deflection angle between the tooling components on the base plate, without the need for large equipment such as servo motor rotation mechanism, which greatly reduces the investment cost of wind tunnel test equipment.

[0021] Fifth, the present invention provides transverse waist-shaped holes and vertical waist-shaped holes on the upper plate and the transition plate respectively, which improves the applicability of the tooling.

[0022] VI. This invention optimizes the tooling structure for installing the bottom balance and the tooling structure for installing the top balance, enabling the test device to be used for high-speed wind tunnel tests of pantographs at speeds of up to 600 km / h and above. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pantograph wind tunnel test device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view; Figure 3 A structural diagram of the base, bottom balance fixture, and insulator; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view; Figure 5 For along Figure 3 AA section view diagram; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom balance fixture. Figure 7 for Figure 6 Top view; Figure 8 For along Figure 7 BB cross-sectional diagram in the middle; Figure 9 For along Figure 7 CC section view diagram; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the top balance fixture; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Side view; Figure 12 A dissected view of the third mounting bracket and the top balance; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the disassembled components of the bottom balance, insulator, first mounting base, and second mounting base. Figure 14 This is a planar sectional view of the bottom balance, insulator, first mounting base, and second mounting base.

[0024] In the attached image: 1. Base; 101. Panel; 102. Positioning sleeve; 1021. Round hole; 1022. Arc hole; 2. Bottom balance fixture; 201. Base plate; 2011. First conical hole; 20111. Countersunk platform; 2012. Conical surface; 202. First mounting base; 203. Second mounting base; 2031. Second conical hole; 204. First conical hole sleeve; 2041. Boss; 205. Second conical hole sleeve; 206. First fastener; 207. Lifting ring; 3. Top balance fixture; 301. Bracket; 3011. First 302. Overlap; 3021. Third mounting base; 3022. Second fastener; 3023. Third conical hole; 3024. Second overlap; 305. Top plate; 306. Horizontal waist-shaped hole; 4. Transition plate; 407. Vertical waist-shaped hole; 5. Test pantograph; 508. Insulator; 6. Wind tunnel test chamber; 609. Air inlet section; 600. Moving platform; 600. Air collection section; 600. Bottom balance; 600. 1. First conical head; 600. 2. Second conical head; 600. 3. Top balance; 600. 3. Third conical head. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the pantograph wind tunnel test device provided in this embodiment includes a wind tunnel test chamber 6, a test pantograph 5, a base 1, a bottom balance fixture 2 for installing a bottom balance 604, a top balance fixture 3 for installing a top balance 605, and a transition plate 4 connected to the upper end of the top balance fixture 3.

[0027] The wind tunnel test chamber 6 includes an air inlet section 601 and an air outlet section 603 spaced apart. The base 1 is installed between the air inlet section 601 and the air outlet section 603 via a mobile platform 602. The mobile platform 602 has the freedom to move forward and backward and up and down. The transition plate 4 is connected to the air inlet section 601.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figures 3-5As shown, the base 1 includes a panel 101 and a positioning sleeve 102. A circular hole 1021, adapted to the positioning sleeve 102, is machined at the center of the panel 101. During installation, the positioning sleeve 102 passes through the circular hole 1021, serving as the center for positioning and rotation. The panel 101 has four concentric arc-shaped holes 1022, each with a rotatable angle of ±a°. The bottom balance fixture 2 has a first fastener 206 adapted to the arc-shaped holes 1022. When a sideslip angle wind tunnel test is required on the test pantograph 5, the first fastener 206 is first loosened, and the bottom balance fixture 2 and the test pantograph 5 on it are rotated around the positioning sleeve 102 to the desired test angle. Then, the first fastener 206 is tightened to conduct the pantograph sideslip angle wind tunnel test. The present invention adopts a modular design, transforming the traditional fixed tooling base into a fixed base 1 and a movable bottom balance tooling 2, which are connected by a first fastener 206.

[0029] like Figures 6-10 As shown, the bottom balance fixture 2 includes a second mounting base 203, a base plate 201, and a first mounting base 202 that is detachably mounted on the base plate 201 via bolts or the like. Figure 9 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, the first mounting base 202 has a first conical hole 2011, and a first conical sleeve 204 is detachably installed in the first conical hole 2011. The second mounting base 203 has a second conical hole 2031, and a second conical sleeve 205 is detachably installed in the second conical hole 2031. One end of the bottom balance 604 has a first conical head 6041 that fits with the first conical sleeve 204, and the other end of the bottom balance 604 has a second conical head 6042 that fits with the second conical sleeve 205. The first conical head 6041 and the second conical head 6042 are symmetrically arranged, and both have threaded holes inside. During installation, the first conical sleeve 204 is inserted into the first conical hole 2011, and the first conical head 6041 is inserted into the first conical sleeve 204. The second conical sleeve 205 is inserted into the second conical hole 2031, and the second conical head 6042 is inserted into the second conical sleeve 205. The conical head is then tightened by using washers, bolts, etc., to secure it in the threaded hole. The insulator 501 is mounted on the second mounting base 203. The aforementioned conical sleeve is made of copper.

[0030] like Figure 7 , Figure 13 As shown, the first mounting base 202 is provided with a 60-degree conical surface 2012, and the conical surface 2012 is provided on both the front and rear sides of the first mounting base 202. Figure 4 As shown, the edge of the base plate 201 has a 45-degree chamfer. Figure 6As shown, the base plate 201 is provided with lifting rings 207 for attaching lifting equipment.

[0031] To further prevent detachment and improve assembly stability, both the first conical head 6041 and the second conical head 6042 are provided with keys (such as...). Figure 13 The first conical hole 2011 and the second conical hole 2031 are respectively provided with keyways.

[0032] like Figure 14 As shown, one end of the first conical hole sleeve 204 is provided with a boss 2041 in the axial direction, and one side of the first conical hole 2011 is provided with a countersunk platform 20111 that is adapted to the boss 2041.

[0033] In this invention, the second mounting base 203 for mounting the pantograph and the first mounting base 202 for mounting the bottom balance 604 are both designed as independent functional modules and integrated into a movable bottom balance fixture, connected by detachable fasteners.

[0034] The bottom balance 604 is a six-component column balance, which uses the force deformation of the columnar elastic body to better measure aerodynamic parameters such as pantograph lift force, aerodynamic drag, and torque. The column balance uses a conical mounting head, which has automatic centering and better tightening and fitting functions. As a precision force measuring instrument, the six-component column balance will experience wear on the conical head after repeated use. After wear, the conical head will not achieve the required 80% or higher fit when matched with the conical mounting holes of the first mounting base 202 and the second mounting base 203. The first conical hole sleeve 204 and the second conical hole sleeve 205 can be manufactured in four specifications with thicknesses of 0.5mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, and 2.0mm respectively to compensate for the wear of the column balance's conical head. The appropriate thickness of the copper conical sleeve can be selected according to the amount of wear. The first conical hole sleeve 204 and the second conical hole sleeve 205 are made of relatively soft copper. When the bolts connecting the two ends of the bottom balance are tightened, the first conical hole sleeve 204 and the second conical hole sleeve 205 are squeezed, so that they fit tightly with the conical hole and achieve sufficient conical hole fit.

[0035] If a first conical hole sleeve 204 with a thickness of 0.5nn is first installed in the first conical hole 2011, and a second conical hole sleeve 205 with a thickness of 0.5nn is installed in the second conical hole 2031, and the conical head of the bottom balance 604 wears after long-term use, then a conical hole copper sleeve with an appropriate thickness of 1.0mm, 1.5mm, or 2.0mm is selected according to the degree of wear.

[0036] like Figures 10-12As shown, the top balance fixture 3 includes a bracket 301, a third mounting base 302, and an upper plate 303. The upper end of the bracket 301 is connected to the upper plate 303, and the lower end of the bracket 301 is detachably connected to the upper end of the third mounting base 302. The lower end of the third mounting base 302 is fitted with the top balance 605 via a shaft hole. The lower end of the third mounting base 302 is provided with a third conical hole 3022, and one end of the top balance 605 is provided with a third conical head 6051 that is adapted to the third conical hole 3022.

[0037] The lower end of the bracket 301 is provided with a first overlap 3011, and the upper end of the third mounting base 302 is provided with a second overlap 3023. The first overlap 3011 and the second overlap 3023 overlap and are connected by a second fastener 3021 to form a spindle-shaped structure, which can ensure that the strength of the connection is not lost and also help reduce wind resistance. The bracket 301 has a thickness t1, the first overlap 3011 has a thickness t2, and the second overlap 3023 has a thickness t3, where t1=t2=t3.

[0038] The upper plate 303 is provided with multiple transverse waist-shaped holes 3031 extending in the transverse direction X, and the adjustment range of the transverse waist-shaped holes 3031 is L2. The transition plate 4 is provided with multiple vertical waist-shaped holes 401 extending in the vertical direction Y, and the adjustment range of the vertical waist-shaped holes 401 is L1. A third fastener 7 is provided in the vertical waist-shaped hole 401 to connect with the side wall of the air inlet section 601, and a fourth fastener 304 is provided in the transverse waist-shaped hole 3031 to connect with the transition plate 4. This structural design allows the top balance 605 to be adjusted within a large range in the vertical and transverse directions of the test pantograph 5 head, so that the top balance 605 presses the test pantograph 5 head vertically and is positioned in the center of the carbon plate of the test pantograph 5 head in the transverse direction.

[0039] This invention employs a modular design, transforming the traditional integral welded top balance fixture into a fixed transition plate 4 and a movable top balance fixture, connected by fasteners. This modular design facilitates high-precision machining of key functional components and also reduces the need for rework during cone hole matching in wind tunnel testing. After testing, these functional components can be replaced to adapt to pantographs and test balances of different vehicle models, allowing the fixture to be reused.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for conducting tests using the aforementioned pantograph wind tunnel test apparatus, comprising: high-pressure air is blown out from the air inlet section 601 of the wind tunnel test chamber 6, placing the test pantograph 5 in a high-speed airflow, which acts on the test pantograph 5. The aerodynamic lift force, aerodynamic drag, and torque of the test pantograph 5 in the high-speed airflow are measured by the bottom balance 604 on the bottom balance fixture 2 and the top balance 605 on the top balance fixture 3, and the aerodynamic data are output.

[0041] In specific implementations of this invention, the contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pantograph wind tunnel testing device, comprising a wind tunnel test chamber (6), a test pantograph (5), and a base (1) disposed in the wind tunnel test chamber (6), wherein the test pantograph (5) has an insulator (501), characterized in that, It also includes a bottom balance fixture (2) for installing the bottom balance (604), a top balance fixture (3) for installing the top balance (605), and a transition plate (4) connected to the upper end of the top balance fixture (3). The transition plate (4) is connected to the wind tunnel test chamber (6). The bottom balance fixture (2) is rotatably installed on the base (1). The insulator (501) at the lower end of the test pantograph (5) is installed on the bottom balance (604), and the upper end of the test pantograph (5) is installed on the top balance (605). The bottom balance fixture (2) includes a second mounting base (203), a base plate (201), and a first mounting base (202) detachably mounted on the base plate (201). The first mounting base (202) has a first conical hole (2011), and the second mounting base (203) has a second conical hole (2031). One end of the bottom balance (604) has a first conical head (6041), and the other end of the bottom balance (604) has a second conical head (6042). The first conical head (6041) is inserted into the first conical hole (2011) through the first conical hole sleeve (204), and the second conical head (6042) is inserted into the second conical head (6042) through the second conical hole sleeve (205). The first conical hole sleeve (204) and the second conical hole sleeve (205) are used to ensure the fit between the two ends of the bottom balance (604) and the first conical hole (2011) and the second conical head (6042). The insulator (501) is mounted on the second mounting base (203).

2. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a panel (101) and a positioning sleeve (102) rotatably mounted on the panel (101). The bottom balance fixture (2) is connected to the positioning sleeve (102). The panel (101) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped holes (1022), and the plurality of arc-shaped holes (1022) are located on the same arc. The bottom balance fixture (2) is provided with a first fastener (206) adapted to the arc-shaped holes (1022).

3. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conical hole sleeve (204) has a boss (2041) at one end in the axial direction, and a countersunk (20111) adapted to the boss (2041) is provided on one side of the first conical hole (2011).

4. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top balance fixture (3) includes a bracket (301), a third mounting base (302), and an upper plate (303). The upper end of the bracket (301) is connected to the upper plate (303), and the lower end of the bracket (301) is detachably connected to the upper end of the third mounting base (302). The lower end of the third mounting base (302) is used to install the top balance (605) through a shaft hole. The upper plate (303) is connected to the transition plate (4) through an adjustment structure. The adjustment structure is used to adjust the upper plate (303) in the horizontal X and vertical Y directions on the transition plate (4).

5. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower end of the third mounting base (302) is provided with a third conical hole (3022), and one end of the top balance (605) is provided with a third conical head (6051) that is adapted to the third conical hole (3022).

6. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower end of the bracket (301) is provided with a first overlap (3011), and the upper end of the third mounting base (302) is provided with a second overlap (3023). The first overlap (3011) and the second overlap (3023) overlap and are connected by a second fastener (3021).

7. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bracket (301) has a thickness t1, the first overlap (3011) has a thickness t2, and the second overlap (3023) has a thickness t3, where t1=t2=t3.

8. The pantograph wind tunnel testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper plate (303) is provided with a plurality of transverse waist-shaped holes (3031) extending in the transverse direction X, and the transition plate (4) is provided with a plurality of vertical waist-shaped holes (401) extending in the vertical direction Y. A third fastener (7) is provided in the vertical waist-shaped hole (401) to connect with the wind tunnel test chamber (6), and a fourth fastener (304) is provided in the transverse waist-shaped hole (3031) to connect with the transition plate (4).

9. The pantograph wind tunnel testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The wind tunnel test chamber (6) includes an air inlet section (601) and an air outlet section (603) spaced apart. The base (1) is installed between the air inlet section (601) and the air outlet section (603) via a mobile platform (602). The mobile platform (602) has the freedom to move forward and backward and up and down. The transition plate (4) is connected to the air inlet section (601).

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