A new polymer composite material surface detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a novel polymer composite material surface detection device, and belongs to the technical field of composite material detection. The device comprises a detection table and an optical camera. A rack is installed on the detection table. The device further comprises a curved surface following lamination assembly and a posture synchronous adjusting mechanism. The curved surface following lamination assembly is used for lamination rolling of the material surface following through a profile following ring with a flexible wear-resistant structure, and is suitable for the curved surface and the concave-convex surface structure of the composite material. The posture synchronous adjusting mechanism is used for real-time synchronous adjustment of the shooting posture of the optical camera, so that the lens and the detection point are coaxial and have a constant distance, and the imaging precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of composite material surface testing, and specifically relates to a novel polymer composite material surface testing device. Background Technology

[0002] New polymer composite materials are widely used in many industrial fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, new energy, and building decoration due to their advantages such as light weight, corrosion resistance, excellent mechanical properties, and strong molding plasticity. Among them, the application of polymer composite material components with various irregular curved surfaces, concave and convex structures, and irregular shapes continues to increase. The flatness, defects, and texture uniformity of the component surface directly determine the component's performance, appearance quality, and service life. Therefore, high-precision inspection of the surface of new polymer composite materials is a core link in product manufacturing quality control.

[0003] Currently, the industry mostly uses fixed optical imaging detection equipment to detect the surface of new polymer composite materials. This relies on fixed optical cameras to collect images of the composite material placed on the detection table. However, these traditional detection devices have core technical defects in practical applications and cannot meet the current detection needs of irregularly shaped composite materials.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN222762097U discloses a surface inspection device for glass fiber reinforced composite materials. It includes: a vertical plate, a first wire hole penetrating the vertical plate, a rotating plate rotatably mounted on one side of the vertical plate, a second wire hole penetrating the rotating plate, an adjusting plate adjustable along the radius of the rotating plate, a fixing plate fixed to the side of the adjusting plate away from the vertical plate, and an optical camera fixed to the side of the fixing plate near the second wire hole. The surface inspection device for glass fiber reinforced composite materials features a 360° rotating plate on one side of the vertical plate, with the optical camera fixed on the rotating plate. This allows for thorough burr detection on the outer circumference of the glass fiber tube without blind spots. The images captured by the optical camera are transmitted to a computer, facilitating the observation and identification of burrs on the surface of the glass fiber tube by staff. This improves the efficiency and accuracy of burr detection for glass fiber tubes while saving on manual inspection costs.

[0005] However, the aforementioned surface inspection device for composite materials has some shortcomings in practical use: Optical cameras typically employ rigid, fixed mounting methods, making it impossible for them to adaptively adjust their position and orientation to the contours of material surfaces. When the material under test is curved, arc-shaped, or has irregularly shaped structures, the distance and relative angle between the camera lens and the material surface continuously shift as the material's contour changes. This causes the lens focus to fail to stay aligned with the detection point, resulting in issues such as defocusing, distortion, localized overexposure, or underexposure in the acquired images. Consequently, they cannot clearly reveal minute defects such as scratches, dents, bulges, and uneven textures on the material surface, making it difficult to meet the high-precision detection requirements of irregularly shaped curved components where the lens focus and the detection point are coaxially aligned.

[0006] In conclusion, based on the points stated above, there is still room for improvement in existing surface inspection devices for composite materials. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the above problems, this invention provides a novel surface detection device for polymer composite materials, employing the following technical solution: A novel polymer composite material surface inspection device includes an inspection stage and an optical camera for acquiring surface images. The inspection stage is equipped with a frame and also includes two curved surface follow-up bonding components for controlling the attitude of the optical camera and two attitude synchronization adjustment mechanisms. The curved surface follower bonding assembly includes two symmetrical contour follower rings and a telescopic push rod. The contour follower rings are rotatably mounted on the lower end of the telescopic push rod via a bracket and are used to bond the polymer composite material to be tested. The detection point of the optical camera is located between the two contour follower rings, and the telescopic push rods are vertically distributed.

[0008] The attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism includes a linkage mechanism, a first fixed column, a second fixed column, an angle fine-tuning rack, an incomplete gear, and a camera spindle; the top of the telescopic push rod is equipped with the first fixed column, the angle fine-tuning rack is equipped with the second fixed column, the two ends of the linkage mechanism are slidably mounted on the first fixed column and the second fixed column respectively, and the two ends of the linkage mechanism are provided with inclined slots, and the middle part of the linkage mechanism is hinged to the frame; The incomplete gear meshes with one side of the angle fine-tuning rack, and the incomplete gear is located inside the angle fine-tuning rack. The camera spindle is coaxially fixed with the incomplete gear, and the optical camera is mounted on the camera spindle. The camera spindle is rotatably mounted on the frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a linear slide rail is horizontally installed on the frame of the testing station, and a linear slider is slidably installed on the linear slide rail. A fixed block is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic push rod. The fixed block is symmetrically slidably connected to both sides of the linear slider along the height direction of the linear slider, and a linkage plate is connected between the two fixed blocks. The linkage plate is slidably sleeved on the linear slider. A damping spring is fitted onto the telescopic push rod. One end of the damping spring abuts against the end face of the linear slider, and the other end abuts against the fixed block.

[0010] Furthermore, the optical camera is fixed to the camera spindle by a U-shaped gimbal, with the two arms of the U-shaped gimbal clamping the two sides of the optical camera respectively, allowing the optical camera to slide along the height direction of the U-shaped gimbal. An extension spring connects the U-shaped gimbal and the optical camera.

[0011] Furthermore, a cam is rotatably mounted on the U-shaped gimbal, a drive gear is mounted on one side of the cam, and an arc-shaped rack extends outward from the frame, meshing with the drive gear, while the cam abuts against the optical camera.

[0012] Furthermore, the contour-following ring is mounted on the bracket, which is fixed to the lower end of the telescopic push rod, and the contour-following ring is rotatably connected to the bracket via a rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the arc-shaped rack is an arc structure whose center coincides with the center of the camera spindle, and the arc-shaped rack is detachably fixed to the frame by bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism consists of two symmetrically arranged linkage rods, and the inclined grooves at the ends of the two linkage rods correspond to the sliding assembly of the first fixed column and the second fixed column, respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the angle fine-tuning rack is vertically slidably mounted on the frame, and a guide groove is provided on the angle fine-tuning rack for sliding along its height direction. Anti-slip damping pads are provided between the guide grooves of the angle fine-tuning rack.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner sides of both arms of the U-shaped gimbal are provided with vertical sliding grooves, and sliding protrusions matching the vertical sliding grooves are fixed on both sides of the optical camera. The sliding protrusions engage with the vertical sliding grooves to achieve vertical sliding cooperation.

[0017] Furthermore, the contour-following ring is made of wear-resistant flexible rubber material, and the outer spherical surface of the contour-following ring is provided with anti-slip texture, and the spherical diameter of the contour-following ring is larger than the outer diameter of the optical camera lens.

[0018] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: I. This invention adds a curved surface follow-up bonding component, which uses a flexible and wear-resistant material contour-following follow-up ring to follow and roll the surface of the polymer composite material to be tested. It can adaptively adapt to the surface contours of various composite materials such as planes, curved surfaces, and irregular shapes, solving the problems of traditional fixed detection equipment being unable to adapt to irregular surfaces and poor fit of detection points. It provides a precise surface contour reference for the attitude adjustment of the optical camera, avoiding the problems of field of view offset and focus deviation in the detection of irregular surfaces from the source.

[0019] Second, this invention relies on the vertical telescopic movement of the telescopic push rod to link the swing of the linkage mechanism, and then the linkage mechanism drives the vertical sliding of the angle fine-tuning rack, which in turn drives the rotation of the incomplete gear. Ultimately, it achieves synchronous linkage adjustment of the camera spindle and the optical camera posture. The entire process realizes real-time synchronization of contour-following action and shooting posture adjustment, solving the problems of lagging posture adjustment and severe imaging distortion in traditional equipment. It always ensures that the focal point of the optical camera lens and the detection point are coaxial and fixed, improving the accuracy and clarity of image acquisition on irregular surfaces.

[0020] Third, this invention achieves a dynamic and constant distance between the optical camera and the surface of the composite material through the combined structure of a U-shaped gimbal, a vertical slide groove, a sliding protrusion, and an extension spring. Combined with a micro-adjustment structure consisting of a cam, an arc-shaped rack, and a drive gear, it can autonomously complete precise micro-adjustments of the camera's shooting position during posture rotation. It can continuously correct the vertical position of the optical camera during the detection process of dynamic changes in the device's posture and the floating height of the material surface, ensuring that the shooting distance between the camera lens and the detection point on the material surface remains uniform and constant. This solves the problems of traditional cameras being rigidly fixed, unable to perform micro-calibration, having easily fluctuating distances, and easily blurry images. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the frame, the curved surface follow-up fitting component, and the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the curved surface follow-up fitting component and the posture synchronization adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the curved surface follow-up fitting component and the posture synchronization adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contour-following ring, telescopic push rod, linear slider, fixing block, and linkage plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second-view structure of the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped gimbal, extension spring, cam, drive gear, and arc-shaped rack of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Testing table; 2. Optical camera; 5. Frame; 3. Curved surface follow-up fitting assembly; 4. Attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism; 30. Contouring follow-up ring; 31. Telescopic push rod; 32. Linear slide rail; 33. Linear slider; 34. Fixed block; 35. Linkage plate; 40. Linkage mechanism; 41. First fixed column; 42. Second fixed column; 43. Angle fine-tuning rack; 44. Incomplete gear; 45. Camera spindle; 400. Inclined groove; 46. Damping spring; 50. U-shaped gimbal; 51. Extension tension spring; 52. Cam; 53. Drive gear; 54. Arc rack; 300. Bracket; 430. Guide groove; 500. Vertical slide groove; 501. Sliding protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following combination Figures 1-8 This application will be described in further detail.

[0032] This invention provides a novel polymer composite material surface detection device, which solves the technical problem that traditional detection equipment cannot adapt to irregularly shaped composite material surfaces, resulting in fixed shooting posture and imaging distortion, and realizes adaptive and precise imaging detection of novel polymer composite material surfaces.

[0033] This embodiment discloses a novel polymer composite material surface detection device, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a testing stage 1 for carrying the material to be tested and an optical camera 2 for acquiring surface images, as well as a curved surface follow-up bonding component 3 and an attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism 4 for controlling the optical camera 2.

[0034] The curved surface follow-up bonding component 3 achieves adaptive bonding and follow-up positioning of the surface of the polymer composite material to be tested. Then, the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism 4 synchronously adjusts the shooting attitude of the optical camera 2 according to the displacement change of the curved surface follow-up bonding component 3, ensuring the precise correspondence between the lens focus of the optical camera 2 and the detection point throughout the process, and realizing automated, high-precision, blind-spot-free detection.

[0035] The optical camera 2 is the core image acquisition component of the device. During operation, it can acquire high-definition images of the surface of the polymer composite material under test in real time, accurately capture subtle texture changes and minor defects on the material surface, and provide complete and clear raw image data for subsequent defect analysis and quality assessment.

[0036] The core function of the curved surface follow-up bonding component 3 is to adaptively follow the shape and position, eliminate detection blind spots, and stabilize the bonding detection points. It solves the problem of blind spots caused by the inability of traditional equipment to adapt to the undulations of irregular surfaces, and provides a precise and stable detection benchmark for subsequent optical imaging.

[0037] The four core functions of the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism are to synchronously calibrate the shooting angle and maintain a constant imaging focal length, thereby solving the problems of out-of-focus, distortion, and focus shift in imaging of irregularly shaped surfaces, and ensuring that the imaging remains clear and accurate during the follow-up inspection process.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the curved surface follower fitting component 3 includes two symmetrical contour follower rings 30 and a telescopic push rod 31. The telescopic push rod 31 is installed in a vertically distributed manner to provide vertical telescopic adjustment stroke for the contour follower rings 30. The lower end of the telescopic push rod 31 is fixedly fitted with a bracket 300 structure. A rotating shaft is installed horizontally between the two sides of the bracket 300. The two contour follower rings 30 are rotatably fitted inside the bracket 300 through the rotating shaft, so that the contour follower rings 30 can rotate freely.

[0039] It is important to note that the outer spherical surface of the contour-following ring 30 is integrally machined with an anti-slip texture structure, which can improve the adhesion friction with the surface of the polymer composite material and prevent slippage and deviation during the follow-up rolling process. At the same time, the center line of the rolling trajectory between the two parallel contour-following rings 30 completely coincides with the projection point of the lens of the optical camera 2 on the material surface. As a result, the lens of the optical camera 2 and the sensing position of the contour-following ring 30 of the material surface are always consistent, eliminating the surface posture following error caused by the spatial misalignment between the contact point and the shooting point, and improving the detection accuracy of irregular curved surface components with small radius of curvature. In addition, the parallel double wheel structure itself has good roll self-stabilization characteristics, a simple structure, and no obstruction of the optical path.

[0040] During the operation of the curved surface follow-up bonding component 3, the vertically arranged telescopic push rod 31 can automatically complete the vertical telescopic adjustment according to the undulations of the surface of the polymer composite material to be tested, driving the lower contour follow-up ring 30 to always be tightly attached to the surface of the composite material. At the same time, the contour follow-up ring 30 can freely rotate through the rotating shaft to achieve follow-up rolling along the surface of the material, and complete the adaptive adaptation of the plane, curved surface and concave and convex irregular contour of the material surface throughout the process, providing a precise contour positioning reference for the subsequent attitude linkage adjustment of the optical camera 2.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a linear slide rail 32 is horizontally fixedly installed on the frame 5 of the testing table 1. The track direction of the linear slide rail 32 is parallel to the bearing surface of the testing table 1. A linear slider 33 is slidably assembled inside the groove of the linear slide rail 32. The linear slider 33 can slide freely along the horizontal direction of the linear slide rail 32, thereby realizing the horizontal position adjustment of the overall testing structure. A rectangular block-shaped fixing block 34 is fixedly assembled on the top end face of the telescopic push rod 31. The fixing block 34 is symmetrically engaged and slidably connected to the two side walls of the linear slider 33, so that the fixing block 34 can complete the vertical sliding adjustment along the height direction of the linear slider 33. A linkage plate 35 is fixedly connected between the two fixing blocks 34 corresponding to the top of the two sets of symmetrically arranged telescopic push rods 31. The linkage plate 35 is slidably sleeved on the outer column structure of the linear slider 33 and can complete the vertical sliding synchronously with the fixing block 34. At the same time, the linkage plate 35 can ensure the sliding synchronization of the two fixing blocks 34 and avoid unilateral offset and jamming.

[0042] Let's look again. Figure 5 As shown, a damping spring 46 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic push rod 31. The damping spring 46 is arranged vertically. The upper end face of the damping spring 46 abuts against the lower end face of the linear slider 33 and the lower end face of the damping spring 46 abuts against the upper end face of the fixing block 34. During the vertical extension and retraction of the telescopic push rod 31 and the vertical sliding of the fixing block 34, the damping spring 46 can continuously provide elastic buffering force to effectively offset the vibration and impact during the sliding adjustment process, avoid positional displacement caused by rigid collision of the structure, and assist the telescopic push rod 31 to reset, ensuring that the contour follower ring 30 always fits the material surface.

[0043] When the telescopic push rod 31 moves up and down following the surface of the new polymer composite material, the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism 4 controls the optical camera 2 to adjust its attitude.

[0044] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism 4 includes a linkage mechanism 40, a first fixed column 41, a second fixed column 42, an angle fine-tuning rack 43, an incomplete gear 44, and a camera spindle 45. The first fixed column 41 is vertically fixedly installed on the upper end face of the top fixed block 34 of the telescopic push rod 31, and can synchronously complete vertical sliding and horizontal movement with the telescopic push rod 31 and the fixed block 34. The angle fine-tuning rack 43 adopts a vertically arranged structure and is vertically slidably assembled on the inner plate of the frame 5. A vertically penetrating groove is opened on the plate of the angle fine-tuning rack 43. The guide groove 430 enables the sliding assembly of the angle fine-tuning rack 43 with the frame 5. The angle fine-tuning rack 43 can be vertically and precisely slidably adjusted along the height direction of the guide groove 430. Anti-slip damping pads are glued and fixed between the inner walls of the guide groove 430. The anti-slip damping pads can increase the frictional resistance of the angle fine-tuning rack 43 during the sliding process, realize the autonomous limit after sliding, and prevent the angle fine-tuning rack 43 from sliding off due to vibration. A second fixing column 42 is vertically fixedly installed on the upper outer wall of the angle fine-tuning rack 43.

[0045] The linkage mechanism 40 is composed of two symmetrically arranged parallel linkage rods. The middle parts of the two linkage rods are hinged to each other to form an integral structure. This hinge position forms the hinge fulcrum of the linkage mechanism 40. The hinge fulcrum is fixed to the preset installation point of the frame 5 through a fixed pin, so that the linkage mechanism 40 can complete the angle swing adjustment around the hinge fulcrum.

[0046] Reference Figure 7 As shown, the angle fine-tuning rack 43 has a spiral structure, with an incomplete gear 44 meshing on its inner side. Power transmission is achieved through the meshing and transmission of the rack and gear. The camera spindle 45 is coaxially fixed at the axis of the incomplete gear 44. The camera spindle 45 is rotatably mounted on the outer plate of the frame 5 through a bearing structure, so that the camera spindle 45 can synchronously complete the circumferential angle rotation with the incomplete gear 44. The optical camera 2 is fixedly mounted at the end of the camera spindle 45, and the center focal point of the lens of the optical camera 2 and the center point of the contour follower ring 30 are always coaxially arranged in space, and the spatial distance between them is always kept at a fixed value, ensuring that the shooting focus always corresponds to the contour detection point no matter how the posture is adjusted, and eliminating the problem of focal length shift.

[0047] Reference Figure 8As shown, the optical camera 2 is mounted on the end of the camera spindle 45 via a U-shaped gimbal 50 structure. The U-shaped gimbal 50 has an open U-shaped structure. The two vertical arms of the U-shaped gimbal 50 are respectively clamped to the left and right outer walls of the optical camera 2. Vertical grooves 500 are provided on the inner sides of both arms of the U-shaped gimbal 50. Sliding protrusions 501 that match the size of the vertical grooves 500 are fixedly welded to the outer walls of both sides of the optical camera 2. The sliding protrusions 501 are engaged and assembled inside the vertical grooves 500, so as to realize the vertical sliding cooperation of the optical camera 2 along the height direction of the U-shaped gimbal 50. The vertical shooting position of the optical camera 2 can be finely adjusted according to the detection requirements.

[0048] The top two ends of the U-shaped gimbal 50 are connected to the upper surface of the optical camera 2 by extension springs 51. The extension springs 51 are always in a stretched and stored state, which can provide vertical elastic tension to the optical camera 2, ensure the fit stability of the optical camera 2 after vertical sliding adjustment, avoid vertical loosening and shaking during the detection process, and effectively improve imaging stability.

[0049] A cam 52 is rotatably mounted on the middle plate of the U-shaped gimbal 50 via a bearing structure. A drive gear 53 is fixedly mounted on the outer axis of the cam 52. An arc-shaped rack 54 is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the frame 5. The arc-shaped rack 54 is an arc structure with its center completely coinciding with the axis of the camera spindle 45. The arc-shaped rack 54 is fixed to the outside of the frame 5 by a detachable bolt structure and can be disassembled and replaced according to maintenance needs. The arc-shaped rack 54 and the drive gear 53 mesh with each other. During the rotation of the U-shaped gimbal 50 driven by the camera spindle 45, the drive gear 53 rolls and meshes along the tooth surface of the arc-shaped rack 54, causing the cam 52 to rotate autonomously. The outer contour surface of the cam 52 always abuts against the upper outer wall of the optical camera 2. The rotation of the cam 52 enables precise micro-adjustment of the vertical position of the optical camera 2. Combined with the elasticity of the extension spring 51, the shooting position of the optical camera 2 is adaptively fine-tuned, further calibrating the shooting focal length and imaging position.

[0050] Ensure that the distance between the optical camera 2 and the surface of the new polymer composite material is always maintained at the specified distance, and avoid the distance between the two being too high or too low, which would cause the optical camera 2 to be out of focus, resulting in blurry images and affecting the accuracy of the detection.

[0051] Furthermore, when performing defect detection on the surface of polymer composite materials, large-sized step-type protrusions such as flash and joints may appear. In order to avoid the optical camera 2 from shaking and blurring due to strong rigid impact, the present invention sets a hydraulic damping buffer (not shown) in series between the top of the telescopic push rod 31 and the first fixed column 41. The hydraulic damping buffer is a known existing structure. The principle is to generate damping force by utilizing the throttling effect of fluid passing through a small hole.

[0052] When the contour-following ball wheel 30 rolls normally at a low speed along the material surface, the displacement speed of the telescopic push rod 31 is low. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic damping buffer can pass smoothly through the throttle orifice, exhibiting low damping characteristics, which does not affect the contour-following sensitivity and attitude follow-up response speed of the device. When the contour-following ball wheel 30 suddenly encounters a large protrusion and generates a high-speed step displacement, the hydraulic oil is forced to pass through the throttle orifice at high speed, generating damping force, which makes the movement transmitted to the linkage mechanism 40, the angle fine-tuning rack 43 and the optical camera 2 tend to be smooth, thereby suppressing impact vibration and protecting the precision optical components and transmission pairs.

[0053] In addition, during the operation of the optical camera 2, the entire production line continuously transports new polymer composite materials, which will generate continuous vibration. When the vibration is transmitted to the optical camera 2, frequency coupling resonance may occur. To address this, an electromagnetic locking device (not shown) is installed between the camera spindle 45 and the frame 5. The electromagnetic locking mechanism is a known existing structure. Its principle is to use the attraction force generated by the switching on and off of an electromagnet to control the separation and engagement of the friction pair.

[0054] After the attitude adjustment at each detection point is completed, the electromagnetic locking device is immediately energized, and its armature presses against the friction plate, rigidly locking the camera spindle 45 and the frame 5 into the same rigid body, cutting off the transmission path of elastic resonance, so that the vibration of the production line cannot cause the optical camera 2 to vibrate; when the contour-following ball wheel 30 moves to the next detection point and needs to readjust the shooting attitude, the electromagnetic locking mechanism 55 is instantly de-energized and unlocked, restoring the free rotation function of the camera spindle 45, and the attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism 4 performs attitude follow-up normally; thus, by using the intermittent working mode of unlocking during adjustment and locking during imaging, the interference of elastic coupling resonance on imaging quality is eliminated while ensuring the attitude follow-up function.

[0055] During work: Step 1: First, place the new polymer composite material to be tested stably on the test table 1 to ensure that the material is placed securely without shifting or shaking, and complete the pre-test positioning preparation. Then, start the equipment test system and control the overall test structure to move to the initial test position of the composite material.

[0056] Step 2: After the initial positioning is completed, the curved surface follow-up bonding component 3 is put into operation. The contour follow-up ring 30 is bonded to the surface of the composite material to complete the contact positioning. The damping spring 46 outputs a stable bonding pressure. When there are structural changes such as undulations, curved bends, and local concavities on the material surface, the contour follow-up ring 30 can drive the telescopic push rod 31 to autonomously complete the vertical telescopic sliding along the linear slide rail 32 according to the contour changes. It adapts to the material surface morphology in real time, maintains a tight bonding and rolling working state throughout the process, and accurately locks each point to be tested.

[0057] The third step involves the equipment driving the contour-following ring 30 to roll at a constant speed along the surface of the composite material. The telescopic push rod 31 adapts to the high and low undulations and curved irregular structures of the material surface, and simultaneously drives the first fixed column 41 at the top to move vertically.

[0058] In the fourth step, the vertical displacement linkage mechanism 40 of the first fixed column 41 swings, and the linkage mechanism 40 drives the second fixed column 42 and the angle fine-tuning rack 43 to slide vertically. The angle fine-tuning rack 43 drives the incomplete gear 44 and the camera main shaft 45 to rotate through meshing transmission, thereby adjusting the shooting angle and attitude of the optical camera 2 in real time.

[0059] In the fifth step, during the attitude adjustment of the optical camera 2, the U-shaped gimbal 50 rotates synchronously with the camera spindle 45, and the drive gear 53 rotates along the arc rack 54 to drive the cam 52 to rotate. The cam 52 abuts against the optical camera 2 to complete the vertical micro-calibration. With the elastic limiting effect of the extension spring 51, the shooting position of the optical camera 2 is ensured to be accurate and stable.

[0060] The sixth step involves maintaining the focus of the optical camera 2 lens and the contour follower ring 30 coaxially and at a fixed distance throughout the process, continuously acquiring high-definition images of the composite material surface. The images are transmitted to the background analysis system in real time to complete the surface defect detection operation. The simultaneous operation of the two sets of symmetrical structures enables large-area full-coverage detection.

[0061] Step 7: After the single-area inspection is completed, adjust the inspection position by moving the linear slider 33 horizontally. Repeat the above steps to complete the comprehensive inspection of the entire surface of the composite material. After the inspection is completed, reset the equipment and wait for the next operation.

[0062] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel polymer composite material surface inspection device, comprising an inspection stage (1) and an optical camera (2) for acquiring surface images, wherein a frame (5) is mounted on the inspection stage (1), characterized in that: It also includes two curved surface follow-fit components (3) for controlling the attitude of the optical camera (2) and two attitude synchronization adjustment mechanisms (4); The curved surface follower bonding component (3) includes two symmetrical contour follower rings (30) and telescopic push rods (31); the contour follower rings (30) are rotatably mounted on the lower end of the telescopic push rods (31) via a bracket, and are used to bond the polymer composite material to be tested. The detection point of the optical camera (2) is located between the two contour follower rings (30), and the telescopic push rods (31) are vertically distributed. The attitude synchronization adjustment mechanism (4) includes a linkage mechanism (40), a first fixed column (41), a second fixed column (42), an angle fine-tuning rack (43), an incomplete gear (44), and a camera spindle (45); the top of the telescopic push rod (31) is equipped with the first fixed column (41), the angle fine-tuning rack (43) is equipped with the second fixed column (42), the two ends of the linkage mechanism (40) are slidably mounted on the first fixed column (41) and the second fixed column (42) respectively, and the two ends of the linkage mechanism (40) are provided with inclined grooves (400), and the middle part of the linkage mechanism (40) is hinged on the frame (5); The incomplete gear (44) meshes with one side of the angle fine-tuning rack (43), and the incomplete gear (44) is located inside the angle fine-tuning rack (43). The camera spindle (45) is coaxially fixed with the incomplete gear (44). The optical camera (2) is mounted on the camera spindle (45), and the camera spindle (45) is rotatably mounted on the frame (5).

2. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear slide rail (32) is horizontally installed on the frame (5) of the testing table (1). A linear slider (33) is slidably installed on the linear slide rail (32). A fixed block (34) is fixedly installed on the top of the telescopic push rod (31). The fixed block (34) is symmetrically slidably connected to both sides of the linear slider (33) along the height direction of the linear slider (33). A linkage plate (35) is connected between the two fixed blocks (34). The linkage plate (35) is slidably sleeved on the linear slider (33). The damping spring (46) is sleeved on the telescopic push rod (31). One end of the damping spring (46) abuts against the end face of the linear slider (33), and the other end abuts against the fixed block (34).

3. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical camera (2) is fixed to the camera spindle (45) by a U-shaped gimbal (50). The two arms of the U-shaped gimbal (50) clamp the two sides of the optical camera (2) respectively, so that the optical camera (2) slides along the height direction of the U-shaped gimbal (50). An extension spring (51) connects the U-shaped gimbal (50) and the optical camera (2).

4. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cam (52) is rotatably mounted on the U-shaped gimbal (50), a drive gear (53) is mounted on one side of the cam (52), and an arc rack (54) extends outward on the frame (5). The arc rack (54) meshes with the drive gear (53), and the cam (52) abuts against the optical camera (2).

5. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contour follower ring (30) is mounted on the bracket (300), the bracket (300) is fixed to the lower end of the telescopic push rod (31), and the contour follower ring (30) is rotatably connected to the bracket (300) through a rotating shaft.

6. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped rack (54) is an arc structure whose center coincides with the center of the camera spindle (45), and the arc-shaped rack (54) is detachably fixed to the frame (5) by bolts.

7. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism (40) consists of two symmetrically arranged linkage rods, and the inclined grooves (400) at the ends of the two linkage rods correspond to the sliding assembly of the first fixed column (41) and the second fixed column (42).

8. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle fine-tuning rack (43) is vertically slidably mounted on the frame (5). The angle fine-tuning rack (43) is provided with a guide groove (430) for sliding along its height direction. Anti-slip damping pads are provided between the guide grooves (430) of the angle fine-tuning rack (43).

9. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The U-shaped gimbal (50) has vertical sliding grooves (500) on the inner sides of both arms. The optical camera (2) has sliding protrusions (501) on both sides that match the vertical sliding grooves (500). The sliding protrusions (501) are engaged in the vertical sliding grooves (500) to achieve vertical sliding cooperation.

10. The surface detection device for novel polymer composite materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic damping buffer is connected in series between the telescopic push rod (31) and the first fixed column (41); an electromagnetic locking device is provided between the camera spindle (45) and the frame (5).

Images