Machine vision-based screw surface defect detection machine

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of screw visual inspection, specifically to a screw surface defect detection machine based on machine vision, which comprises a support base, a flow guide plate is fixedly installed on the support base, and a visual sensor is arranged on the support base, characterized in that the outlet position of the flow guide plate is connected with a discharging plate, the discharging plate is slidingly connected to the support base, a vibrator is installed on the discharging plate, the sliding direction of the discharging plate is left-right sliding, and the visual sensor is located at the outlet position of the discharging plate. Screws slide into the discharging plate along the obliquely arranged flow guide plate, then enter the sampling channel between the two guide strips, the pushing piece pushes the blocking plate to move to the designated position for visual inspection, and after the inspection is completed, the detected screws are pushed away from the sampling channel by the discharging piece. This method ensures the accuracy and reliability of sampling inspection, while significantly reducing the overall complexity and use cost of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of visual inspection of screws, specifically to a screw surface defect inspection machine based on machine vision. Background Technology

[0002] During the manufacturing process of screws, various factors can cause defects such as scratches, dents, rust spots, or dimensional deviations to appear on the screw surface. If these defective products are not effectively screened and enter the market, they will directly affect the overall performance of products that are subsequently assembled using these screws. In severe cases, they may endanger the safety of the assembly structure and the reliability of long-term operation. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct strict and comprehensive defect inspection before screws leave the factory.

[0003] Traditional inspection methods primarily rely on manual operation, involving workers sampling screws and then placing the samples onto specialized inspection equipment for individual inspection. This method is not only inefficient but also consumes significant human and time resources. With the continuous advancement of industrial automation and inspection technology, automated vision inspection equipment capable of replacing manual labor has gradually emerged on the market. These devices typically integrate robotic arms to automatically grasp and precisely position screws. However, due to the small size and relatively simple structure of screws, yet their high positional accuracy requirements, the accompanying robotic arms must possess extremely high positioning accuracy and motion sensitivity to reliably complete the grasping and alignment actions. This reliance on high-precision robotic arms inevitably leads to a significant increase in the initial purchase cost of the entire automated inspection system. Furthermore, subsequent maintenance, calibration, and potential component replacements also imply even higher ongoing investment.

[0004] To address this, a screw surface defect inspection machine based on machine vision is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screw surface defect inspection machine based on machine vision, so as to solve the problems of low efficiency and high labor cost of manual inspection, and at the same time solve the problems of high purchase cost and large continuous investment in subsequent maintenance and calibration of automated inspection systems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine includes a support base, a guide plate fixedly mounted on the support base, a vision sensor mounted on the support base, a discharge plate connected to the outlet of the guide plate, the discharge plate slidably connected to the support base, a vibrator mounted on the discharge plate, the discharge plate sliding left and right, the vision sensor located at the outlet of the discharge plate, the guide plate and discharge plate being inclined to one side, a baffle plate located on the side of the discharge plate away from the guide plate, a rectangular groove formed on the baffle plate, two symmetrically arranged guide strips slidably connected to the rectangular groove, forming a sampling inspection channel between the two guide strips, a discharge component mounted on the discharge plate, a fixing bolt rotatably connected to the baffle plate abutting against the guide strips, a pushing component located on one side of the support base, the pushing component pushing the baffle plate to a designated position for visual inspection, and the discharge component pushing the inspected screws away from the sampling inspection channel.

[0007] Workers sample screws and then place the samples on specialized testing equipment for individual inspection. This method is not only inefficient but also consumes a great deal of human resources and time. Automated screw inspection equipment can also be used, which typically employs robotic arms to grasp and position screws for inspection. However, due to the small size of screws, high-precision, high-sensitivity robotic arms are required for accurate operation, directly leading to a significant increase in the purchase and maintenance costs of the entire inspection system. To address these issues, this invention cleverly designs guide bars to form a stable sampling channel, utilizing the automatic falling of screws. The screws are arranged neatly on the sampling inspection channel and then automatically transported to the precise detection position of the vision sensor for efficient identification and judgment. Specifically, the screws slide into the unloading plate along the inclined guide plate, and the auxiliary vibration of the vibrator causes the screws to enter the sampling inspection channel between two guide bars. The pusher pushes the baffle plate to the designated position for visual inspection. After the inspection is completed, the unloading device pushes the inspected screws away from the sampling inspection channel. This method ensures the accuracy and reliability of sampling inspection while significantly reducing the overall complexity and operating cost of the equipment, providing a more economical and efficient practical path for screw quality inspection.

[0008] Preferably, the pushing component includes a drive motor fixedly mounted on the support base, connecting rods fixedly mounted on both ends of the baffle plate, a guide rod and a threaded rod rotatably connected to the support base, the output shaft of the drive motor fixedly mounted to the threaded rod, a pushing plate slidably connected to the guide rod, the pushing plate being threadedly connected to the threaded rod, the pushing plate being rotatably connected to one of the connecting rods, a support frame fixedly mounted on the support base, a through hole being provided on the support frame, another connecting rod sliding within the through hole, and multiple guide grooves being provided on the connecting rod, a rolling groove being provided on the support frame, the rolling groove communicating with the through hole, a first ball being rotatably connected within the rolling groove, when the connecting rod slides within the through hole, the first ball rolls on the guide groove, when the connecting rod moves to a designated position, the connecting rod drives the baffle plate to move and rotate to an angle parallel to the ground.

[0009] During inspection, the screw slides along the inclined guide plate into the unloading plate, then enters the sampling channel between two guide strips. By adjusting the relative position of the two guide strips, it can accommodate the inspection needs of screws of different sizes and specifications. After adjustment, tightening the fixing bolts locks the position of the guide strips, thus fixing the width of the sampling channel. Once the screw is in place in the sampling channel, the pusher drives the baffle plate to move and rotate until it is parallel to the ground. Specifically, the drive motor drives the threaded rod to rotate, causing the pusher plate connected to it to move. The moving pusher plate drives the connecting rod to move. Since the connecting rod is mounted on the baffle plate, the baffle plate also moves accordingly. When the baffle plate moves to the set position, the bend in the guide groove on one side of the connecting rod contacts the first ball bearing, causing the entire baffle plate to be rotated to one side. This allows the screw to be smoothly adjusted to a horizontal position and stop at the detection position of the vision sensor, facilitating the vision sensor to clearly obtain a complete surface image of the screw. After defect identification and inspection are completed, the unloading component pushes the inspected screw out of the sampling channel, completing a single inspection process. This structure can automatically adjust the screw's posture during the movement of the baffle. An additional posture adjustment mechanism is required, ensuring the screw enters the inspection station with a stable and uniform posture. This effectively reduces the overall complexity of the inspection mechanism and also adapts to the inspection of screws of different sizes, improving the equipment's versatility.

[0010] Preferably, a long frame is installed on the unloading plate, and a cover plate is slidably connected to the long frame. The cover plate is generally L-shaped, and a discharge channel is formed between one end of the cover plate and the unloading plate. The height of the discharge channel is less than the length of the screw being tested, but greater than the maximum diameter of the screw.

[0011] The structure between the cover plate and the unloading plate forms a precisely controlled discharge channel. The height of this channel is precisely calculated and set to be less than the overall length of the screw being tested, but greater than its maximum diameter. This design ensures that when the screw is guided into the unloading plate area, its length exceeds the channel height, forcing it to adjust its orientation and allowing it to smoothly enter and pass through the discharge channel in a horizontal, horizontal position. This facilitates the screw entering the sampling channel formed between the two guide strips. The cover plate is mounted on the long frame with screws, and the distance between the cover plate and the unloading plate can be adjusted using these screws.

[0012] Preferably, the pushing component includes an installation groove on the discharge port side of the unloading plate, and a swing plate is rotatably connected in the installation groove. When the swing plate is in its original position, the swing plate is inclined as a whole and abuts against the guide strip. The swing plate slides on the sampling channel.

[0013] The oscillating plate is cleverly tilted and set on the sampling channel. When the guide bar moves outward to perform the testing task, the oscillating plate can effectively hold the screws to be tested by its own downward tilting gravity, thus ensuring that they are neatly and orderly arranged in the channel. After the guide bar completes the testing and resets, the oscillating plate can smoothly push the tested screws away from their original positions through its unique oscillation mechanism, thus providing reliable space for the smooth entry and flow of the next batch of samples to be tested, and enabling the entire testing process to proceed continuously and smoothly.

[0014] Preferably, the baffle plate is provided with an inclined groove, the long frame is slidably connected to the unloading plate, a second ball is slidably connected to the long frame, one side of the second ball is provided with a compression spring that abuts against the long frame, and the second ball is slidably connected in the inclined groove.

[0015] This design utilizes a sliding engagement structure between the second ball bearing and the inclined groove. During unloading, moving the long frame allows the second ball bearing to roll along the inclined groove, simultaneously causing the cover plate to slide upwards and open the unloading channel. This not only works with the upper sorting structure to maintain the orderly feeding of individual pieces but also allows for quick unloading of the entire batch by pushing aside the baffle during inspection. In practical use, the baffle plate moves to one side. Because the position of the second ball bearing cannot move left or right, it can only move up and down within the inclined groove. The second ball bearing drives the long frame upwards, which in turn moves the cover plate upwards, opening the unloading channel below. However, because the baffle plate tilts at a certain angle after moving, the second ball bearing may not be able to enter the inclined groove. At this point, a compression spring can be used to retract the second ball bearing, causing it to slide onto the baffle plate. Finally, the second ball bearing continues to move into the inclined groove. This eliminates the need for manual opening and cleaning, meeting the requirements of continuous automated inspection and effectively solving the problems of unloading jams and untimely discharge in traditional equipment.

[0016] Preferably, a rotating platform is fixedly installed on the bracket base, and the vision sensor is installed on the rotating shaft of the rotating platform. The rotating platform drives the vision sensor to scan and identify the area. After that, the rotating platform drives the vision sensor to rotate to the front position for fixed-point shooting.

[0017] Compared to traditional fixed-view visual inspection solutions, this design allows for flexible adjustment of the visual sensor's shooting angle. It can cover different sides of the screw's surface area without repeatedly installing multiple inspection sensors, reducing hardware deployment costs and accurately acquiring clear images of defective areas. This effectively avoids the problem of missed defects caused by blind spots under fixed-view conditions, improving the accuracy and completeness of inspection results. The design guides the visual sensor to perform a sweeping overview first, and after identifying the target area, the camera then moves to the front, triggering a high-precision stroboscopic light source to perform fixed-point inspection.

[0018] Preferably, the guide strip includes protrusions on both sides of the guide strip, the protrusions on both sides are symmetrically arranged, and a rectangular placement channel is formed between the two protrusions. The swing plate is located above the rectangular placement channel and abuts against the screw in the rectangular placement channel.

[0019] Once the screw enters the rectangular placement channel, the screw shaft falls into the gap formed by the guide strips on both sides, while the screw head is embedded between the protrusions on both sides. The protrusions help to hang the screw head more neatly downwards, preventing the screw from tilting or becoming disordered. This ensures that a clear and complete image of the screw surface can be obtained during subsequent visual inspection, avoiding misjudgment or missed detection of defects due to posture deviations. This provides a stable and consistent imaging basis for the inspection process. At the same time, the swing plate is located in the rectangular placement channel. When the guide strips are moved out for inspection, it can hold the screws in place to achieve alignment. When the guide strips are reset, the swing plate can push the inspected screws away to ensure the smooth entry of the next batch of samples.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of one adjacent side of the guide strip is greater than 0.5 mm and less than 1 mm, and the two adjacent sides of the guide strip are arranged at an angle. The guide bar features an inclined design, which, combined with the screw's larger head and thinner shank, allows screws of different sizes to automatically correct their posture during the falling and conveying process. Only screws with their heads facing upwards and shanks embedded in the gaps between the guide bars on both sides are allowed to enter the inspection station in the correct posture. This prevents the accuracy of subsequent inspections from being affected by posture confusion and reduces the risk of misjudgment or missed inspection due to misalignment. At the same time, the thickness of the guide bar on adjacent sides is between 0.5mm and 1mm to ensure that the visual inspection equipment can fully cover all areas of the screw for effective inspection.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The screw slides into the unloading plate along the inclined guide plate and then enters the sampling channel between two guide bars. The pusher pushes the baffle plate to the designated position for visual inspection. After the inspection is completed, the unloaded screw is pushed away from the sampling channel by the discharge component. This method significantly reduces the overall complexity and operating cost of the equipment while ensuring the accuracy and reliability of sampling inspection.

[0022] 2. The electric telescopic rod pushes the connecting rod to move. Since the connecting rod is installed on the baffle plate, the baffle plate will also move accordingly. When the baffle plate moves to the set position, the bent position of the guide groove on one side of the connecting rod will contact the first ball, causing the entire baffle plate to be driven to flip to one side. At this time, the screw is smoothly adjusted to a horizontal position and stops at the detection position of the vision sensor, so that the vision sensor can clearly obtain a complete surface image of the screw.

[0023] 3. When the guide bar moves outward to perform the test, the swing plate can effectively hold the screws to be tested by using its downward tilting gravity, thus ensuring that they are neatly and orderly arranged in the channel. After the guide bar completes the test and resets, the swing plate can smoothly push the tested screws away from their original positions, thus providing reliable space for the smooth entry and flow of the next batch of samples to be tested, so that the entire testing process can be carried out continuously and smoothly. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the cover plate in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined groove in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide bar structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod in this invention; Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the swing plate in this invention; Figure 7 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the compression spring in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Guide plate; 3. Unloading plate; 4. Cover plate; 5. Long frame; 6. Baffle plate; 7. Sampling channel; 8. Guide bar; 9. Threaded rod; 10. Guide rod; 11. Drive motor; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Push plate; 14. Support frame; 15. Rotating platform; 16. Vision sensor; 17. Second ball bearing; 18. Fixing bolt; 19. Vibrator; 20. Swing plate; 21. Inclined groove; 22. Rectangular groove; 23. Mounting groove; 24. Guide groove; 25. Through hole; 26. First ball bearing; 27. Protrusion; 28. Compression spring; 29. ​​Rolling groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 7 This invention provides a machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine, the technical solution of which is as follows: A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine includes a support base 1, a guide plate 2 fixedly mounted on the support base 1, a vision sensor 16 mounted on the support base 1, a discharge plate 3 connected to the outlet of the guide plate 2, the discharge plate 3 slidably connected to the support base 1, a vibrator 19 mounted on the discharge plate 3, the discharge plate 3 sliding left and right, the vision sensor 16 located at the outlet of the discharge plate 3, the guide plate 2 and the discharge plate 3 are tilted to one side, a baffle plate 6 is provided on the side of the discharge plate 3 away from the guide plate 2, a rectangular groove 22 is formed on the baffle plate 6, two symmetrically arranged guide strips 8 are slidably connected to the rectangular groove 22, forming a sampling channel 7 between the two guide strips 8, a discharge component is mounted on the discharge plate 3, a fixing bolt 18 rotatably connected to the baffle plate 6 and abutting against the guide strips 8, a pusher is provided on one side of the support base 1, the pusher pushes the baffle plate 6 to a designated position for visual inspection, and the discharge component pushes the inspected screws away from the sampling channel 7.

[0027] The pushing component includes a drive motor 11 fixedly mounted on the support base 1. Connecting rods 12 are fixedly mounted on both ends of the baffle plate 6. A guide rod 10 and a threaded rod 9 are rotatably connected to the support base 1. The output shaft of the drive motor 11 is fixedly mounted to the threaded rod 9. A push plate 13 is slidably connected to the guide rod 10. The push plate 13 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 9. The push plate 13 is rotatably connected to one of the connecting rods 12. A support frame 14 is fixedly mounted on the support base 1. A through hole 25 is provided on the support frame 14. Another connecting rod 12 slides in the through hole 25. Multiple guide grooves 24 are provided on the connecting rod 12. A rolling groove 29 is provided on the support frame 14. The rolling groove 29 communicates with the through hole 25. A first ball 26 is rotatably connected in the rolling groove 29. When the connecting rod 12 slides in the through hole 25, the first ball 26 rolls on the guide groove 24. When the connecting rod 12 moves to a designated position, the connecting rod 12 drives the baffle plate 6 to move and rotate to an angle parallel to the ground.

[0028] A long frame 5 is installed on the unloading plate 3, and a cover plate 4 is slidably connected to the long frame 5. The cover plate 4 is L-shaped. One end of the cover plate 4 and the unloading plate 3 form a discharge channel. The height of the discharge channel is less than the length of the screw being tested and greater than the maximum diameter of the screw. The pushing component includes an installation groove 23 opened on one side of the discharge port of the unloading plate 3. A swing plate 20 is rotatably connected in the installation groove 23. When the swing plate 20 is in its original position, the swing plate 20 is tilted and abuts against the guide strip 8. The swing plate 20 slides on the sampling channel 7.

[0029] An inclined groove 21 is provided on the baffle plate 6. The long frame 5 is slidably connected to the unloading plate 3. A second ball bearing 17 is slidably connected on the long frame 5. A compression spring 28 is provided on one side of the second ball bearing 17, which abuts against the long frame 5. The second ball bearing 17 is slidably connected in the inclined groove 21. A rotating platform 15 is fixedly installed on the bracket base 1. A vision sensor 16 is installed on the rotating shaft of the rotating platform 15. The rotating platform 15 drives the vision sensor 16 to scan. After identifying the area, the rotating platform 15 drives the vision sensor 16 to rotate to the front position for fixed-point shooting.

[0030] The guide bar 8 includes protrusions 27 on both sides of the guide bar 8. The protrusions 27 on both sides are symmetrically arranged and form a rectangular placement channel between the two protrusions 27. The swing plate 20 is located above the rectangular placement channel and abuts against the screw in the rectangular placement channel. The thickness of the adjacent side of the guide bar 8 is greater than 0.5mm and less than 1mm, and the adjacent side of the two guide bars 8 is inclined.

[0031] During operation, the screw to be tested slides smoothly into the area of ​​the unloading plate 3 along the pre-set inclined guide plate 2. Under the continuous vibration assistance of the matching vibrator 19, the unloading plate 3 generates regular micro-vibrations, thereby effectively pushing the screw as a whole towards the baffle plate 6. In the initial stage of movement, the screw first passes through the precision discharge channel jointly constructed by the upper surfaces of the cover plate 4 and the unloading plate 3. This channel is realized through the upper and lower overlapping structure between the cover plate 4 and the unloading plate 3. The two fit together tightly to define a narrow channel space with a strictly designed height. The height of the discharge channel was determined through precise calculation and repeated adjustments. Its dimensions were set to be less than the overall length of the screw being tested, while being greater than the maximum diameter of the screw shank. This height setting has a clear guiding effect: when the screw is conveyed to the unloading plate 3 area by vibration and attempts to enter the channel, because its total length is greater than the vertical height of the channel, the screw cannot pass smoothly in an upright posture. Therefore, it is forced to adjust its direction at the channel entrance, only able to change to a horizontal lying posture to smoothly enter and pass through this discharge channel. This posture adjustment lays the foundation for subsequent steps, allowing the screw to smoothly enter the sampling channel 7 formed between the two parallel guide bars 8. It should be noted that the cover plate 4 itself is installed on the long frame 5 with screws. By adjusting the tightness or position of these mounting screws, the relative distance between the cover plate 4 and the unloading plate 3 can be finely adjusted, thereby achieving flexible control of the channel height. It is this height limitation of the channel that forces the screw to change from an upright to a horizontal lying posture, and then it smoothly enters the rectangular placement channel formed between the two guide bars 8. During this process, the screw rod falls precisely into the gap between the two guide bars 8, while its head is locked and limited by the protrusions 27 on both sides, thus completing the initial attitude pre-correction.

[0032] Next, the inclined guide bar 8 further filters and guides the screws, ensuring that only those with the correct posture can continue moving forward and eventually stop at the end of the rectangular placement channel. Here, a similarly inclined swing plate 20 limits its end position, ensuring that all screws are neatly arranged and not misaligned. After the guide bar 8 completes the positioning of the screws and resets, the swing plate 20, relying on its unique swing mechanism, can smoothly push the tested screws away from their original positions under the action of gravity or elastic elements. This makes room for the smooth entry and flow of the next batch of screws to be tested, ensuring the continuity and automation of the process.

[0033] When the system enters the detection phase, the drive motor 11 starts, causing the threaded rod 9 to rotate. Since the push plate 13 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 9, the rotational motion is converted into linear movement of the push plate 13. The push plate 13 is connected to the baffle plate 6 via the connecting rod 12, so the baffle plate 6 also moves synchronously. When the baffle plate 6 moves to the preset detection position, a specially designed guide groove 24 with a bend on the connecting rod 12 contacts the first ball bearing 26. Under this structural interaction, the entire baffle plate 6 is driven to flip to one side. This flipping action smoothly adjusts the originally flat screw to a completely horizontal position and stably stops it directly below the vision sensor 16 at the detection position, thus facilitating the vision sensor 16 to clearly and completely acquire image information of the screw surface. Meanwhile, the system also achieves linkage control during unloading through the sliding engagement structure between the second ball bearing 17 and the inclined groove 21 on the baffle plate 6: during the unloading operation, simply moving the long frame 5 causes the second ball bearing 17 to roll along the inclined groove 21, thereby driving the cover plate 4 connected to the long frame 5 to slide upward synchronously, opening the unloading channel below. This design can maintain the orderly feeding of individual screws in conjunction with the upper sorting structure during the feeding stage, and can also quickly push open the baffle plate 6 after inspection to achieve the overall unloading of the entire batch of screws. The specific operation process is as follows: when the baffle plate 6 moves to one side, since the position of the second ball bearing 17 is fixed and cannot move left or right, the second ball bearing 17 can only slide relative to each other in the inclined groove 21 during the movement of the baffle plate 6, and is converted into vertical movement. In turn, the second ball bearing 17 drives the long frame 5 to move upward, and the long frame 5 then drives the cover plate 4 to move upward, thereby opening the unloading channel below. Furthermore, since the baffle plate 6 tilts at a certain angle after movement, the second ball bearing 17 may temporarily fail to align and enter the tilting groove 21. At this time, the built-in compression spring 28 will automatically retract the second ball bearing 17, allowing it to slide along the surface of the baffle plate 6. Once the baffle plate 6 is stable, the second ball bearing 17 will extend again under the action of the spring and enter the tilting groove 21. The entire process requires no manual intervention for opening or cleaning, perfectly meeting the operational requirements of continuous automated inspection.

[0034] At the inspection station, the rotating platform 15 first drives the vision sensor 16 to perform a wide-area scan, quickly identifying the area where the screw is located. Then, the platform rotates precisely, aligning the vision sensor 16 with the front of the screw, triggering a fixed-point shooting mode to acquire a high-resolution surface image. After completing image-based defect identification and inspection, a dedicated unloading device pushes the inspected screw out of the sampling channel 7, causing it to fall into the collection container or conveyor belt below. Subsequently, the drive motor 11 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the baffle plate 6 to reset to its initial position. The second ball bearing 17 falls downwards along the inclined groove 21, and the long frame 5 moves the cover plate 4 downwards, closing the unloading channel again. Simultaneously, the swing plate 20 automatically resets to its ready position under gravity. At this point, the next screw to be tested has automatically entered the rectangular placement channel, and the system can seamlessly begin the next inspection process.

[0035] The specific embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine, comprising a support base (1), a guide plate (2) fixedly mounted on the support base (1), and a vision sensor (16) provided on the support base (1), characterized in that, The outlet of the guide plate (2) is connected to a discharge plate (3), which is slidably connected to the support base (1). A vibrator (19) is installed on the discharge plate (3). The discharge plate (3) slides left and right. The vision sensor (16) is located at the outlet of the discharge plate (3). The guide plate (2) and the discharge plate (3) are tilted to one side. A baffle plate (6) is provided on the side of the discharge plate (3) away from the guide plate (2). The baffle plate (6) has openings. A rectangular groove (22) is provided, on which two symmetrically arranged guide bars (8) are slidably connected. A sampling inspection channel (7) is formed between the two guide bars (8). A discharge component is installed on the unloading plate (3). A fixing bolt (18) that abuts against the guide bar (8) is rotatably connected on the baffle plate (6). A pusher is provided on one side of the bracket base (1). The pusher pushes the baffle plate (6) to a designated position for visual inspection. The discharge component pushes the inspected screw away from the sampling inspection channel (7).

2. The screw surface defect inspection machine based on machine vision according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing component includes a drive motor (11) fixedly mounted on a support base (1). Connecting rods (12) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the baffle plate (6). A guide rod (10) and a threaded rod (9) are rotatably connected to the support base (1). The output shaft of the drive motor (11) is fixedly mounted to the threaded rod (9). A push plate (13) is slidably connected to the guide rod (10). The push plate (13) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (9). The push plate (13) is rotatably connected to one of the connecting rods (12). A support frame (14) is fixedly mounted on the support base (1). The support frame (14) has openings... Through hole (25), another connecting rod (12) slides in through hole (25), and multiple guide grooves (24) are opened on the connecting rod (12). A rolling groove (29) is opened on the support frame (14). The rolling groove (29) is connected to the through hole (25). A first ball (26) is rolled in the rolling groove (29). When the connecting rod (12) slides in through hole (25), the first ball (26) rolls on the guide groove (24). When the connecting rod (12) moves to a designated position, the connecting rod (12) drives the baffle plate (6) to move and rotate to an angle parallel to the ground.

3. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A long frame (5) is installed on the unloading plate (3), and a cover plate (4) is slidably connected to the long frame (5). The cover plate (4) is L-shaped in general. A discharge channel is formed between one end of the cover plate (4) and the unloading plate (3). The height of the discharge channel is less than the length of the screw being tested and greater than the maximum diameter of the screw.

4. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher includes an installation groove (23) on the discharge port side of the unloading plate (3). A swing plate (20) is rotatably connected in the installation groove (23). When the swing plate (20) is in its original position, the swing plate (20) is tilted as a whole and abuts against the guide strip (8). The swing plate (20) slides on the sampling channel (7).

5. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, An inclined groove (21) is provided on the baffle plate (6). The long frame (5) is slidably connected to the unloading plate (3). A second ball (17) is slidably connected on the long frame (5). A compression spring (28) is provided on one side of the second ball (17) to abut against the long frame (5). The second ball (17) is slidably connected in the inclined groove (21).

6. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating platform (15) is fixedly installed on the bracket base (1). The vision sensor (16) is installed on the rotating shaft of the rotating platform (15). The rotating platform (15) drives the vision sensor (16) to scan. After identifying the area, the rotating platform (15) drives the vision sensor (16) to rotate to the front position for fixed-point shooting.

7. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide bar (8) includes protrusions (27) on both sides of the guide bar (8), the protrusions (27) on both sides are symmetrically arranged, and a rectangular placement channel is formed between the protrusions (27) on both sides. The swing plate (20) is located above the rectangular placement channel and abuts against the screw in the rectangular placement channel.

8. A machine vision-based screw surface defect inspection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of one side of the guide strip (8) is greater than 0.5 mm and less than 1 mm, and the two adjacent sides of the guide strip (8) are arranged in an inclined manner.

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