A POE network cable integrated power supply communication switch power supply bypass power detection system

Abstract

The application discloses a POE network cable integrated power supply communication switching power supply bypass power supply detection system and belongs to the technical field of switching power supply online monitoring. The system comprises a POE switch, multiple voltage detection modules and an upper computer. The voltage detection modules are connected in cascade through standard POE Ethernet network cables, one network cable simultaneously realizes module power supply and bidirectional data transmission, and separate power supply and communication double lines are omitted. The voltage detection module integrates a POE power receiving unit, a single-chip microcomputer, a one-way sampling diode, a relay / MOS controllable switch, a double nixie tube key coding unit and a state indicating lamp. The single-chip microcomputer collects the output voltage of the corresponding switching power supply in real time, automatically turns on the adjacent power supply bypass to continuously supply power to the rear-end load when the voltage is abnormal, and simultaneously flashes the local red light of the module and marks the number of the upper computer red to double alarm. The system supports two modes of manual number setting of the equipment end and computer remote configuration, and the one-way diode can block the reverse current protection circuit of the fault side. The application simplifies field wiring construction, does not stop the load under the fault state, takes into account local maintenance and remote centralized monitoring, and is suitable for LED large screen multi-switching power supply centralized operation and maintenance scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of online monitoring technology for switching power supplies, and is particularly applicable to centralized operation and maintenance scenarios of multiple switching power supplies for LED displays. Specifically, it is a switching power supply bypass power supply detection system with integrated PoE network cable power supply communication. Background Technology

[0002] LED large screen equipment typically uses dozens to hundreds of independent switching power supplies. Traditional monitoring solutions have the following drawbacks: 1. The existing detection module uses a dual-core RS485 bus for independent communication and requires an additional power supply to power the detection module. During construction, communication cables and power cables need to be laid separately, resulting in a large amount of wiring work, messy lines, and voltage drop and signal interference problems during long-distance transmission. 2. Traditional testing equipment only supports remote assignment of equipment numbers via computer. On-site maintenance personnel cannot manually set line and power supply numbers on the equipment, making fault location and debugging operations cumbersome. 3. When the switching power supply experiences an abnormal voltage fault, the power load downstream of the faulty circuit will be directly cut off and the machine will stop. It is necessary to wait for the faulty power supply to be replaced before it can resume operation. The large screen device will experience partial black screen, affecting its use. 4. Conventional voltage sampling circuits lack unidirectional reverse current protection. When a faulty power supply short-circuits, the reverse current will burn out the microcontroller and sampling circuit inside the detection module, resulting in poor equipment stability. 5. Fault alarms only support computer software pop-up notifications; there is no synchronized light alarm on the module itself, resulting in low efficiency in on-site troubleshooting. Two prior utility model patents disclosed an RS485 bus detection architecture and a detection module with local button encoding, respectively. However, neither solution solved the construction challenge of dual-line communication and power supply deployment, lacking a PoE network cable integrated power supply and communication architecture, making it impossible to simultaneously power a single network cable and transmit data. Summary of the Invention

[0003] 1. Purpose of the invention To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as cumbersome wiring, power outages during faults, lack of local manual coding, and easy reverse burnout of sampling circuits, a switching power supply bypass power-on detection system integrating PoE network cable power supply and communication is provided. This system utilizes a standard Ethernet PoE network cable to simultaneously achieve module power supply and bidirectional data transmission. It is equipped with local digital tube key coding, fault bypass power-on, unidirectional diode sampling protection, and hardware and software synchronous alarm functions, which simplifies on-site wiring, ensures uninterrupted operation of the load, and improves fault diagnosis and repair efficiency. 3.2 Technical Solution A switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication includes several voltage detection modules, a PoE switch controller, and a host computer; Each voltage detection module is matched one-to-one with a corresponding switching power supply for real-time acquisition of the output voltage of the corresponding switching power supply; all voltage detection modules are cascaded and networked through a standard Ethernet cable, which is connected to the PoE switch controller; the PoE switch controller establishes data interaction with the host computer through the Ethernet cable. The voltage detection module integrates a PoE power receiving unit, an Ethernet communication chip, a microcontroller, a unidirectional sampling circuit, a controllable switch unit, a local encoding input unit, and a status indication unit. The PoE power receiving unit is used to separate 48V DC power from the Ethernet cable, convert it into low-voltage DC power through an internal voltage regulator circuit, and power all components in the module without the need for an additional external power supply line; the Ethernet communication chip enables bidirectional transmission of voltage acquisition data, encoding configuration commands, and fault alarm commands between the module and the PoE switch; The microcontroller collects the output voltage of the switching power supply. When the voltage exceeds the preset threshold range, the microcontroller drives the controllable switching unit to operate and simultaneously uploads a fault signal to the host computer via Ethernet. The local coding input unit is used to manually assign a unique line and device number to the voltage detection module on site; the status indication unit includes a green power-on indicator and a red fault indicator. When the module is powered on, the green indicator is always on, and when the voltage is abnormal, the red indicator flashes synchronously. The host computer receives the fault signal forwarded by the PoE switch, and the visual interface marks the line number where the voltage abnormality occurred and the corresponding switching power supply number. Furthermore, the local encoding input unit includes two sets of two-digit LED displays and two operation buttons; the first button is linked to the first set of LED displays and is used to manually set the line number; the second button is linked to the second set of LED displays and is used to manually set the switching power supply number under that line; the host computer issues Ethernet configuration commands, which can remotely modify and assign device numbers to the voltage detection module, realizing local and remote dual encoding modes. Furthermore, the controllable switching unit is a relay or a MOSFET; when the microcontroller identifies that the voltage reaches an abnormal threshold, it controls the corresponding relay or MOSFET to turn on. Furthermore, the voltage sampling input terminal of the switching power supply is connected to the terminal block of the controllable switching unit, and a unidirectional conducting diode is connected in series in the sampling circuit; the diode limits the sampling current to flow unidirectionally from the controllable switching terminal to the microcontroller sampling pin, blocking the reverse current on the fault side and preventing the circuit from burning out. Furthermore, when the microcontroller detects an abnormal voltage in the corresponding switching power supply, it synchronously controls the controllable switching units in this module and at least two adjacent voltage detection modules to conduct synchronously, bypassing the output power of the adjacent normal switching power supply to the electrical load at the back end of the faulty switching power supply, maintaining uninterrupted power supply to the load; the diode in the unidirectional sampling circuit simultaneously blocks the reverse current from the faulty power supply side, avoiding short circuit damage to the line. Furthermore, multiple voltage detection modules are cascaded end-to-end via Ethernet cables, with each cascaded node having a built-in PoE overload isolation protection circuit; all links are uniformly aggregated and connected to the PoE switch controller. Furthermore, the POE receiving unit is compatible with the IEEE 802.3af standard POE power supply protocol; the module integrates a power regulation circuit to convert the 48V DC voltage input from the network cable into a low-voltage operating voltage of 3.3V / 5V required by the microcontroller, communication chip, and indicator lights. 3.3 Beneficial Effects 1. Simplified cabling and reduced construction costs: Standard PoE Ethernet cables are used, with a single cable handling both power supply and data communication, eliminating the need for separate power supply lines and RS485 communication lines as in traditional solutions, significantly reducing cable usage and labor time; compatible with general PoE switches, eliminating the need for customized power supply equipment, and adaptable to existing data center network equipment. 2. Local + Remote Dual Encoding for Convenient Maintenance: The device is equipped with dual digital tubes and dual buttons, allowing on-site engineers to manually set line and power supply numbers without operating a computer, making debugging and module replacement simple; it also supports remote unified batch configuration of numbers via host computer, adapting to large-scale large-screen operation and maintenance scenarios. 3. Fault bypass power supply, equipment continues to operate: In the event of a power failure, the adjacent normal power supply bypass circuit is automatically connected, and the downstream load continues to be powered. The LED screen will not go black in some areas, and there is no need to stop the equipment to wait for power supply replacement, ensuring continuous operation of the equipment. 4. Unidirectional sampling prevents backflow and ensures high stability: The sampling circuit is connected in series with a unidirectional diode to block the reverse current generated by the short circuit of the faulty power supply, protecting the microcontroller and communication chip from being burned out and reducing the equipment failure rate. 5. Synchronous hardware and software alarms for rapid fault location: The module's local red light flashing and the host computer interface displaying a red number provide dual alarms, allowing for rapid location of the fault both on-site and remotely, significantly improving maintenance efficiency. 6. PoE overload isolation for secure networking: Cascaded nodes have built-in overload isolation circuits. A short circuit in a single module will not cause the entire network link to lose power. A single link can support up to 256 modules, meeting the needs of large-scale multi-power supply and large-screen networking. 3.3 Beneficial Effects 1. Simplified cabling and reduced construction costs: Standard PoE Ethernet cables are used, with a single cable handling both power supply and data communication, eliminating the need for separate power supply lines and RS485 communication lines as in traditional solutions, significantly reducing cable usage and labor time; compatible with general PoE switches, eliminating the need for customized power supply equipment, and adaptable to existing data center network equipment. 2. Local + Remote Dual Encoding for Convenient Maintenance: The device is equipped with dual digital tubes and dual buttons, allowing on-site engineers to manually set line and power supply numbers without operating a computer, making debugging and module replacement simple; it also supports remote unified batch configuration of numbers via host computer, adapting to large-scale large-screen operation and maintenance scenarios. 3. Fault bypass power supply, equipment continues to operate: In the event of a power failure, the adjacent normal power supply bypass circuit is automatically connected, and the downstream load continues to be powered. The LED screen will not go black in some areas, and there is no need to stop the equipment to wait for power supply replacement, ensuring continuous operation of the equipment. 4. Unidirectional sampling prevents backflow and ensures high stability: The sampling circuit is connected in series with a unidirectional diode to block the reverse current generated by the short circuit of the faulty power supply, protecting the microcontroller and communication chip from being burned out and reducing the equipment failure rate. 5. Synchronous hardware and software alarms for rapid fault location: The module's local red light flashing and the host computer interface displaying a red number provide dual alarms, allowing for rapid location of the fault both on-site and remotely, significantly improving maintenance efficiency. 6. PoE overload isolation for secure networking: Cascaded nodes have built-in overload isolation circuits. A short circuit in a single module will not cause the entire network link to lose power. A single link can support up to 256 modules, meeting the needs of large-scale multi-power supply and large-screen networking. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is the overall network topology diagram of the switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for POE integrated power supply communication of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the internal hardware structure of the voltage detection module of the present invention. Figure label: 1 - PoE switch; 2 & 3 - PoE Ethernet cables; 4 - Voltage detection module; S - Switching power supply; L - Backend power load; 5-POE power receiving unit; 6-Microcontroller; 7-Controllable switch unit; 8-Unidirectional sampling diode; 9-Digital tube key encoding unit; 10-Status indicator light. Corresponding to the example Figure 1 , Figure 2 Text description correspond Figure 1 like Figure 1As shown, the system includes a PoE switch 1, multiple PoE cables 2 and 3, several voltage detection modules 4, a switching power supply S, and a back-end load L. The PoE switch 1 leads out multiple branches through PoE cables 2. Within each branch, the voltage detection modules 4 are cascaded end-to-end using cables 3, with no more than 256 modules mounted on a single branch. Each voltage detection module 4 is connected one-to-one to a switching power supply S to collect the power supply output voltage. The outputs of all switching power supplies are aggregated and then used to supply power to the load L. The PoE cables simultaneously provide power to the modules and transmit data, eliminating the need for separate power supply cables. correspond Figure 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the voltage detection module internally includes a POE power receiving unit 5, a microcontroller 6, a controllable switch unit 7, a unidirectional sampling diode 8, a digital tube keypad encoding unit 9, and a status indicator light 10. The POE network cable is connected to the POE power receiving unit 5, which regulates the 48V standard POE voltage to power all devices. The switching power supply sampling signal is sent to the microcontroller 6 through the unidirectional sampling diode 8. The microcontroller drives the controllable switch unit 7, the digital tube keypad encoding unit 9, and the red and green status indicator lights 10 to realize voltage acquisition, local number setting, fault bypass output, and fault light alarm functions. Detailed Implementation

[0004] Example 1: Overall Network Architecture like Figure 1 (As shown in the attached figure in the abstract, reference numeral 1), the system includes multiple voltage detection modules, a standard IEEE 802.3af PoE switch, and a maintenance host computer; All voltage detection modules are cascaded end-to-end via Cat5e Ethernet cables, with each cable supporting a maximum of 240 detection modules (not exceeding the upper limit of 256). All cascaded cables are connected to a PoE switch; the PoE switch is connected to the maintenance computer via Ethernet cables. The PoE switch outputs a standard 48V PoE power supply voltage to the network cable. Each cascaded voltage detection module has a built-in PoE power receiving unit that automatically separates and regulates the 48V power before supplying it to the module. At the same time, it transmits voltage data and configuration commands bidirectionally through the network cable. Example 2: Internal Hardware Structure of Voltage Detection Module like Figure 2 As shown, the internal hardware of the module includes: a PoE power receiving unit, an Ethernet communication chip, a microcontroller, two sets of two-digit LED displays, two coded buttons, red and green indicator lights, a relay / MOS controllable switch, a unidirectional sampling diode, and a bypass power supply terminal block. The POE cable is connected to the POE power receiving unit, which outputs two low-voltage power supplies, 5V and 3.3V, to power the microcontroller, communication chip, digital tube, and indicator lights, respectively. The output cable of the switching power supply is connected to the sampling terminal, and then connected to the AD sampling pin of the microcontroller via a unidirectional diode. The microcontroller collects the output voltage value in real time. Two sets of digital tubes and buttons are directly connected to the microcontroller's I / O pins. A short press of a button can cycle through the circuit number and power supply number. The modified number is stored locally and can be simultaneously uploaded to the host computer's database. Example 3: Fault Bypass Power Restoration Workflow 1. The microcontroller collects the output voltage of the corresponding switching power supply in real time and compares it with the normal voltage threshold range stored by the host computer; 2. When the voltage is higher than the upper limit or lower than the lower limit, a power supply fault is determined, and the microcontroller executes two actions: ① Drive the red fault indicator light of this module to flash periodically, and at the same time send fault data packets to the host computer via Ethernet; ② Synchronously control the relays / MOSFETs of this module and the two adjacent detection modules to be energized and turned on, and the output current of the adjacent normal switching power supply is sent to the load at the back end of the faulty power supply through the turned-on controllable switch; 3. The unidirectional diode blocks the reverse current generated by the internal short circuit of the faulty power supply, preventing it from flowing back to the adjacent normal power supply or the microcontroller sampling port; 4. After receiving the fault data packet, the host computer will highlight the corresponding device number in red, display the faulty line and power supply number, and remind maintenance personnel to perform maintenance. Example 4: Local + Remote Numbering Configuration Process 1. Local manual configuration: Short press the first button on site, the number on the first digital tube increments, setting the line number; short press the second button, the number on the second digital tube increments, setting the power supply number within a single line; long press any button to save the number to the microcontroller's local storage; 2. Remote computer configuration: The host computer software selects the corresponding device number, enters the new line number and power supply number, and sends the Ethernet configuration command. After receiving the command, the module automatically updates the number stored locally and refreshes the digital tube display synchronously. Example 5 Alarm Indication Logic After the module is powered on, the green power indicator light will remain on, indicating that the PoE power supply is normal and the module is working. When the power supply voltage is within the preset normal range, the red fault light goes out; when the voltage exceeds the threshold range, the red indicator light flashes at a 1-second interval until the fault is cleared and the voltage returns to normal.

Claims

1. A switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication, characterized in that, Includes several voltage detection modules, a PoE switch controller, and a host computer; Each voltage detection module is matched one-to-one with a corresponding switching power supply for real-time acquisition of the output voltage of the corresponding switching power supply. All the voltage detection modules are cascaded and networked via standard Ethernet cables, which are then connected to a PoE switch controller. The PoE switch controller establishes data interaction with the host computer via the Ethernet cables. The voltage detection module integrates a PoE power receiving unit, an Ethernet communication chip, a microcontroller, a unidirectional sampling circuit, a controllable switch unit, a local encoding input unit, and a status indication unit. The PoE power receiving unit is used to separate DC power from the Ethernet cable to power all components in the module without the need for an additional external power supply line; the Ethernet communication chip enables bidirectional transmission of voltage data, encoding configuration, and fault commands between the module and the PoE switch. The microcontroller collects the output voltage of the switching power supply. When the voltage exceeds the preset threshold range, the microcontroller drives the controllable switching unit to operate and simultaneously uploads a fault signal to the host computer via Ethernet. The local encoding input unit is used to assign a unique device number to the voltage detection module; The status indicator unit includes a green power-on indicator and a red fault indicator. The green indicator is always on when the module is powered on, and the red indicator flashes when the voltage is abnormal. The host computer receives the fault signal forwarded by the PoE switch and displays the line number and corresponding switching power supply number of the line with abnormal voltage.

2. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The local encoding input unit includes two sets of two-digit LED displays and two operation buttons; The first button is linked to the first set of digital tubes and is used to manually set the line number; the second button is linked to the second set of digital tubes and is used to manually set the switching power supply number under that line; the host computer issues Ethernet configuration commands, which can remotely modify and assign device numbers to the voltage detection module.

3. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable switching unit is a relay or a MOSFET; when the microcontroller identifies that the voltage reaches an abnormal threshold, it controls the corresponding relay or MOSFET to turn on.

4. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage sampling input terminal of the switching power supply is connected to the terminal block of the controllable switching unit, and a unidirectional conducting diode is connected in series in the sampling circuit; the diode limits the sampling current to flow unidirectionally from the controllable switching terminal to the microcontroller sampling pin, blocking reverse current interference.

5. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the microcontroller detects an abnormal voltage in the corresponding switching power supply, it synchronously controls the controllable switching units in this module and at least two adjacent voltage detection modules to conduct synchronously, bypassing the output power of the adjacent normal switching power supply to the electrical load at the back end of the faulty switching power supply, maintaining uninterrupted power supply to the load; the diode of the unidirectional sampling circuit simultaneously blocks the reverse current from the faulty power supply side to avoid short circuit damage to the line.

6. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple voltage detection modules are cascaded end-to-end via Ethernet cables, and each cascaded node has a built-in PoE overload isolation protection circuit; all links are uniformly connected to the PoE switch controller.

7. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the fault data uploaded by the PoE switch, the host computer synchronously marks and displays the line number and power supply number of the abnormal device, realizing the visual location of the fault.

8. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The green indicator light of the status indicator unit stays lit after the voltage detection module is powered by the POE network cable; when the microcontroller determines that the collected voltage exceeds the preset normal range, it drives the red fault indicator light to flash periodically as an alarm.

9. The switching power supply bypass power supply detection system for PoE network cable integrated power supply communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PoE receiving unit is compatible with the IEEE 802.3af standard PoE power supply protocol; the module integrates a power supply regulator circuit to convert the 48V DC voltage input from the network cable into the low-voltage operating voltage required by the microcontroller, communication chip, and indicator lights.

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