Fault monitoring method and energy storage device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of fault monitoring method and energy storage equipment, it is related to energy storage equipment safety monitoring technical field, the method comprises: configuring the initial energy storage data of energy storage equipment in ideal storage state;Ideal storage state at least corresponds to first temperature, calibration storage parameter;Based on initial energy storage data and calibration storage parameter, determine the theoretical storage parameter of energy storage equipment in the real-time temperature of current environment;Using the multiple sensing units set on energy storage equipment, obtain the actual storage parameter of energy storage equipment in the real-time temperature of current environment;Based on the deviation data of theoretical storage parameter and actual storage parameter, determine the fault type corresponding to energy storage equipment.The method establishes the state determination basis related to environmental temperature, and combines the storage state information in the actual operation of equipment, to analyze the difference between theoretical state and actual state, so as to realize the identification of abnormal state of energy storage equipment and the judgment of fault type.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage equipment safety monitoring technology, and in particular to a fault monitoring method and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] In the safety monitoring of enclosed submerged oil tanks, liquid level monitoring, pressure protection, and temperature detection are commonly used to manage the operating status.

[0003] However, existing solutions mostly rely on a single parameter for judgment, and it is difficult to distinguish between thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature and actual leakage when liquid level changes change, which can easily lead to false alarms or missed detections. At the same time, they lack sufficient perception of the state of the gas phase space, and the pressure relief protection focuses on the passive response after overpressure, making it difficult to balance the timeliness of early warning and the accuracy of fault identification.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the accuracy of fault identification in enclosed submerged oil tanks and achieve timely early warning of abnormal conditions under temperature fluctuation conditions has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a fault monitoring method and an energy storage device for energy storage devices equipped with multiple sensing units. By establishing a state determination basis related to ambient temperature and combining it with the storage state information during actual operation of the device, the method analyzes the difference between the theoretical state and the actual state, thereby realizing the identification of abnormal states and the judgment of fault types of the energy storage device.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a fault monitoring method applied to an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device is equipped with multiple sensing units, and the method includes:

[0007] Configure the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions; ideal storage conditions correspond to at least the first temperature and calibrated storage parameters;

[0008] Based on initial energy storage data and calibrated storage parameters, the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment are determined.

[0009] By using multiple sensing units installed on the energy storage device, the actual storage parameters of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment are obtained;

[0010] Based on the deviation data between theoretical storage parameters and actual storage parameters, the fault type corresponding to the energy storage device is determined.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, calibrating storage parameters includes at least calibrating oil level and calibrating gas pressure;

[0012] Based on initial energy storage data and calibrated storage parameters, the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment are determined, including:

[0013] Based on the initial energy storage data, determine the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment;

[0014] Theoretical storage parameters are determined based on theoretical energy storage data and initial energy storage data.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the initial energy storage data includes at least: the oil expansion coefficient, the air expansion coefficient, the cabinet volume of the energy storage device, the solid volume, the first oil volume, and the first air volume;

[0016] Theoretical energy storage data includes: the second oil volume and the second air volume;

[0017] Based on initial energy storage data, determine the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment, including:

[0018] The second oil volume is determined based on the oil expansion coefficient, the first oil volume, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature and the first temperature.

[0019] The second air volume is determined based on the cabinet volume, the solid volume, and the second oil volume.

[0020] In one possible embodiment, the theoretical storage parameters include: theoretical gas pressure and theoretical oil level;

[0021] Based on theoretical energy storage data and initial energy storage data, theoretical storage parameters are determined, including:

[0022] The theoretical pressure is determined based on the calibrated air pressure, the ratio of the first air volume to the second air volume, and the ratio of the real-time temperature to the first temperature.

[0023] The theoretical oil level is determined based on the calibrated oil level and the ratio of the second oil volume to the first oil volume.

[0024] In one possible embodiment, the actual storage parameters include: actual oil level and actual gas pressure;

[0025] Based on the data deviation between theoretical storage parameters and actual storage parameters, the fault types corresponding to energy storage devices are determined, including:

[0026] Determine the oil level deviation between the actual oil level and the theoretical oil level, and determine the gas pressure deviation between the actual gas pressure and the theoretical gas pressure;

[0027] If the oil level deviation is lower than the first oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is lower than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level one fault.

[0028] If the oil level deviation is higher than the second oil level threshold and the gas pressure deviation is higher than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level two fault.

[0029] If the absolute value of the oil level deviation is lower than the third oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is higher than the second gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level three fault.

[0030] Among them, the first oil level threshold is lower than the third oil level threshold, the third oil level threshold is lower than the second oil level threshold, and the first air pressure threshold is lower than the second air pressure threshold.

[0031] In one possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0032] Based on the fault type, the corresponding alarm prompt is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the safety control strategy corresponding to the fault type.

[0033] In one possible embodiment, the actual storage parameters include the actual gas pressure, and the method further includes:

[0034] The gauge pressure of the energy storage device is determined based on the pressure difference between the actual air pressure and the preset air pressure.

[0035] If the gauge pressure exceeds the pressure threshold corresponding to the energy storage device, the first overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0036] In one possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0037] Determine the critical pressure threshold of the energy storage device, as the critical pressure threshold is related to the extreme operating conditions of the energy storage device.

[0038] If the actual air pressure exceeds the critical pressure threshold, a second overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0039] In one possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0040] If the monitoring period reaches the preset period, and / or if the real-time temperature change exceeds the preset temperature difference, update the real-time temperature and use the updated real-time temperature to redetermine the theoretical storage parameters.

[0041] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, which is equipped with a variety of sensing units;

[0042] The sensing unit includes: a level sensor, a pressure sensor, and at least two temperature sensors;

[0043] The liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall or top waveguide of the cabinet inside the energy storage device;

[0044] The pressure sensor is located at the top of the gas phase space inside the energy storage device;

[0045] At least two temperature sensors are respectively installed inside the oil and in the gas phase space within the energy storage device;

[0046] The energy storage device is used to employ the fault monitoring method provided by the first aspect and / or various possible embodiments of the first aspect.

[0047] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a fault monitoring device applied to an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage device is equipped with various sensing units, and the device includes:

[0048] The configuration module is used to configure the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions; ideal storage conditions correspond to at least a first temperature and calibrated storage parameters.

[0049] The first determining module is used to determine the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment, based on the initial energy storage data and the calibrated storage parameters.

[0050] The acquisition module is used to acquire the actual storage parameters of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment by using various sensing units installed on the energy storage device.

[0051] The second determination module is used to determine the fault type of the energy storage device based on the deviation data between the theoretical storage parameters and the actual storage parameters.

[0052] In one possible embodiment, calibrating storage parameters includes at least calibrating oil level and calibrating gas pressure;

[0053] The first determination module is also specifically used for:

[0054] Based on the initial energy storage data, determine the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment;

[0055] Theoretical storage parameters are determined based on theoretical energy storage data and initial energy storage data.

[0056] In one possible embodiment, the initial energy storage data includes at least: the oil expansion coefficient, the air expansion coefficient, the cabinet volume of the energy storage device, the solid volume, the first oil volume, and the first air volume;

[0057] Theoretical energy storage data includes: the second oil volume and the second air volume;

[0058] The first determination module is also specifically used for:

[0059] The second oil volume is determined based on the oil expansion coefficient, the first oil volume, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature and the first temperature.

[0060] The second air volume is determined based on the cabinet volume, the solid volume, and the second oil volume.

[0061] In one possible embodiment, the theoretical storage parameters include: theoretical gas pressure and theoretical oil level;

[0062] The first determination module is also specifically used for:

[0063] The theoretical pressure is determined based on the calibrated air pressure, the ratio of the first air volume to the second air volume, and the ratio of the real-time temperature to the first temperature.

[0064] The theoretical oil level is determined based on the calibrated oil level and the ratio of the second oil volume to the first oil volume.

[0065] In one possible embodiment, the actual storage parameters include: actual oil level and actual gas pressure;

[0066] The second determining module is also specifically used for:

[0067] Determine the oil level deviation between the actual oil level and the theoretical oil level, and determine the gas pressure deviation between the actual gas pressure and the theoretical gas pressure;

[0068] If the oil level deviation is lower than the first oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is lower than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level one fault.

[0069] If the oil level deviation is higher than the second oil level threshold and the gas pressure deviation is higher than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level two fault.

[0070] If the absolute value of the oil level deviation is lower than the third oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is higher than the second gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level three fault.

[0071] Among them, the first oil level threshold is lower than the third oil level threshold, the third oil level threshold is lower than the second oil level threshold, and the first air pressure threshold is lower than the second air pressure threshold.

[0072] In one possible embodiment, the fault monitoring device is further used for:

[0073] Based on the fault type, the corresponding alarm prompt is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the safety control strategy corresponding to the fault type.

[0074] In one possible embodiment, the actual stored parameters include the actual air pressure, and the fault monitoring device is further used for:

[0075] The gauge pressure of the energy storage device is determined based on the pressure difference between the actual air pressure and the preset air pressure.

[0076] If the gauge pressure exceeds the pressure threshold corresponding to the energy storage device, the first overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, the fault monitoring device is further used for:

[0078] Determine the critical pressure threshold of the energy storage device, as the critical pressure threshold is related to the extreme operating conditions of the energy storage device.

[0079] If the actual air pressure exceeds the critical pressure threshold, a second overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0080] In one possible embodiment, the fault monitoring device is further used for:

[0081] If the monitoring period reaches the preset period, and / or if the real-time temperature change exceeds the preset temperature difference, update the real-time temperature and use the updated real-time temperature to redetermine the theoretical storage parameters.

[0082] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0083] The memory stores instructions that the computer executes;

[0084] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the methods provided by the first aspect and / or various possible embodiments of the first aspect.

[0085] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the methods provided above.

[0086] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method provided above.

[0087] The fault monitoring method and energy storage device provided in this application, by configuring the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions, and determining the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the current real-time temperature based on the initial energy storage data and calibrated storage parameters, can incorporate the normal impact of temperature fluctuations on storage parameters into the analysis benchmark; by using multiple sensing units to obtain the actual storage parameters of the energy storage device at the current real-time temperature, and determining the corresponding fault type of the energy storage device based on the deviation data between the theoretical storage parameters and the actual storage parameters, can improve the ability to distinguish between temperature changes and real anomalies, thereby improving the accuracy of fault identification and the timeliness of anomaly warning for energy storage devices such as enclosed immersion tanks. Attached Figure Description

[0088] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0089] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the fault monitoring method provided in this application embodiment;

[0091] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the fault monitoring device provided in this application;

[0092] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application.

[0093] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0094] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended specification.

[0095] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and purpose. For example, "first device" and "second device" are merely used to distinguish different devices and do not limit their order of execution. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that they are different.

[0096] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0097] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0098] This technology relates to the field of fault monitoring for energy storage equipment, and is particularly suitable for monitoring the operational status of enclosed submerged oil tanks. These types of energy storage devices typically store oil within the tank while maintaining a vapor phase space to accommodate volume fluctuations caused by changes in ambient temperature, and are equipped with various sensing units to detect the device's status.

[0099] In applications such as lithium battery energy storage cabinets and immersion-cooled battery packs, the equipment is in a temperature fluctuation environment for a long time. The oil storage state, gas phase space state and overall sealing state will change with the operating conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor and analyze the storage parameters of the energy storage equipment under different ambient temperatures.

[0100] Current safety monitoring of enclosed submerged oil tanks typically employs methods such as liquid level monitoring, pressure protection, and temperature detection to manage their operational status. The basic idea is to collect certain operating parameters through sensors and use this information to determine if any abnormalities exist in the equipment. Some solutions identify oil loss through changes in liquid level, some determine the risk of overpressure through changes in pressure, and others combine temperature information for simple compensation.

[0101] However, most of the above schemes still rely on static threshold judgment based on a single parameter or a small number of parameters. Liquid level changes may be caused by thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature changes or by actual leakage, and it is difficult to accurately distinguish them based solely on the measured liquid level. At the same time, there is insufficient correlation analysis of the corresponding state in the gas phase space, which means that under temperature fluctuation conditions, there is a lack of effective comparison basis between the theoretical state and the actual monitoring state.

[0102] The result is that equipment may be misjudged as abnormal during normal temperature changes, and may be missed when early leaks, sealing abnormalities, or other faults occur due to unclear deviation characteristics. This further affects the timeliness of early warning and the accuracy of fault identification, making it difficult to meet the requirements of energy storage equipment for safety monitoring and stable operation.

[0103] Therefore, improving the accuracy of fault identification in enclosed submerged oil tanks and achieving timely early warning of abnormal states under fluctuating temperature conditions has become an urgent technical problem. To address this issue, a fault monitoring method for energy storage devices is provided. This method involves configuring initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions, determining the theoretical storage parameters at the current real-time temperature based on the initial energy storage data and calibrated storage parameters, acquiring the actual storage parameters at the current real-time temperature using various sensing units installed on the energy storage device, and determining the corresponding fault type based on the deviation between the theoretical and actual storage parameters.

[0104] In specific application scenarios, energy storage devices can be enclosed, submerged oil tank structures. The tank contains oil storage space and a storage state that changes with temperature. Multiple sensing units are used to acquire actual storage parameters related to this storage state. By introducing a judgment path of "ideal state benchmark – real-time theoretical parameters – actual parameter deviation," the targeting of anomaly identification can be improved within the same monitoring architecture, providing a basis for subsequent fault warnings and operational management.

[0105] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, an energy storage device is provided, which contains a variety of sensing units;

[0106] The sensing unit includes: a level sensor, a pressure sensor, and at least two temperature sensors;

[0107] The liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall or top waveguide of the cabinet inside the energy storage device;

[0108] The pressure sensor is located at the top of the gas phase space inside the energy storage device;

[0109] At least two temperature sensors are respectively installed inside the oil and in the gas phase space within the energy storage device;

[0110] The energy storage device is used to employ the fault monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0111] The energy storage device provided in this application embodiment can be an energy storage immersion cabinet, which includes energy storage cells, immersion oil, liquid cooling pipelines, structural components, electrical components, etc. Furthermore, the energy storage device designed in this application embodiment also includes a sensor unit, a controller, and an actuator.

[0112] The sensor unit consists of a level sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The level sensor is installed on the side wall or top waveguide of the oil tank and is used to measure the oil level in real time. The measurement accuracy can be [missing information]. The pressure sensor is installed at the top of the gas phase space to measure the absolute air pressure inside the cabinet in real time. The measurement accuracy can be [missing information]. Temperature sensors are placed inside the oil and in the gas phase space to measure oil temperature and air temperature. Each sensor is connected to the controller via an RS-485 communication interface.

[0113] The controller can be a microcontroller unit (MCU) or a programmable logic controller (PLC), installed in an external control box. It has a built-in thermodynamic model to calculate the theoretical oil level and theoretical air pressure in real time based on the temperature, and judges the fault type by the deviation from the measured values ​​and outputs corresponding control commands.

[0114] The actuators include a pressure relief valve, an explosion relief valve, an audible and visual alarm, and a remote communication module. The pressure relief valve and the explosion relief valve are installed on the top of the cabinet to achieve emergency full pressure relief. Both support dual redundancy modes of controller electrical triggering and mechanical passive triggering. The audible and visual alarm is installed outside the cabinet for on-site alarm. The remote communication module is located inside the control box and supports uploading data to the monitoring platform and pushing alarm information via 4G or Ethernet.

[0115] Understandably, by placing level sensors on the side walls or top waveguides of the cabinet, information on changes in oil level can be stably acquired; pressure sensors, located at the top of the gas phase space, can directly reflect the gas phase state inside the cabinet; at least two temperature sensors, placed inside the oil and in the gas phase space, respectively sense changes in liquid and gas phase temperatures, thus providing basic data for thermal expansion and contraction analysis. The collaborative acquisition of level, pressure, and temperature parameters by each sensing unit allows the energy storage device to compare real-time theoretical storage parameters with actual storage parameters using fault monitoring methods. This distinguishes between normal state changes caused by temperature fluctuations and faults such as leakage and sealing abnormalities, thereby improving the accuracy of fault identification and enabling timely early warning.

[0116] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0117] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a fault monitoring method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the fault monitoring method includes the following steps:

[0118] S101. Configure the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions.

[0119] Ideal storage conditions correspond to at least a first temperature and calibrated storage parameters.

[0120] In this application, the energy storage device can be an energy storage device with a liquid storage space and a gas phase space. Multiple sensing units are a set of sensors arranged on the energy storage device, used to collect parameters related to the storage state of the energy storage device. Initial energy storage data are initial state data used to establish a theoretical calculation baseline; ideal storage state refers to the standard environmental conditions corresponding to the initial state configuration; the first temperature is the baseline temperature value under ideal storage conditions; and calibrated storage parameters are a set of parameters calibrated under ideal storage conditions and used for subsequent calculations.

[0121] In practice, the energy storage device can be calibrated under ideal storage conditions. The environmental conditions corresponding to this ideal storage state should at least record a first temperature, and simultaneously record the calibration storage parameters at that first temperature. These calibration storage parameters can be configured according to the device specifications and used to determine subsequent theoretical storage parameters. Initial energy storage data can be obtained from factory calibration or through on-site calibration before the device is put into operation. The controller can read the state data of each sensing unit corresponding to the first temperature and bind it with relevant device information for storage, forming the initial energy storage data corresponding to the current device.

[0122] In one possible embodiment, the first temperature in the ideal storage state is set to the device design calibration temperature, such as 20°C, 25°C, or other preset standard temperatures. During calibration, the temperature is required to remain stable for a preset duration before data is collected, so that the internal state of the energy storage device reaches relative stability. For temperature-related items in the calibration storage parameters, average values ​​can also be generated by repeated short-period data collection to reduce the impact of instantaneous fluctuations on the establishment of the baseline.

[0123] Based on the above analysis, step S101 establishes an initial state benchmark consistent with the specific equipment for subsequent calculations. This ensures that the theoretically stored parameters are not derived from fixed thresholds, but from calibration data that matches the actual state of the equipment. This provides a basis for distinguishing between normal parameter drift caused by temperature changes and abnormal deviations caused by actual faults. It should be understood that the above example is merely illustrative and not limiting.

[0124] S102. Based on the initial energy storage data and calibrated storage parameters, determine the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment.

[0125] The theoretical storage parameters are a set of expected parameters calculated based on initial energy storage data and calibrated storage parameters under the current real-time temperature conditions. The real-time temperature is the temperature value collected by the temperature sensing unit in the current environment of the energy storage device. This temperature value is used to compare with the first temperature and participate in the calculation of theoretical parameters.

[0126] In practice, the monitoring and control unit periodically receives the real-time temperature output from the temperature sensing unit, calculates the temperature change relationship between the real-time temperature and the first temperature, and retrieves the initial energy storage data and calibration storage parameters stored in step S101. Based on the state change relationship of the energy storage device under temperature change conditions, the theoretical storage parameters are determined. The specific method for determining the theoretical storage parameters can be configured according to the device type, structural state, and calibration data to ensure that the obtained theoretical storage parameters correspond to the current environmental conditions.

[0127] Based on the above analysis, step S102 establishes a quantitative mapping between the ideal state benchmark and the real-time temperature, enabling the monitoring benchmark to dynamically adjust with changes in operating conditions. The theoretically stored parameters obtained in this way reflect the parameters that the equipment should exhibit under normal operating conditions at the current temperature, rather than fixed judgment lines detached from the temperature background. Therefore, subsequent deviation analysis can directly identify abnormal deviations themselves. It should be understood that the above example is merely illustrative and not limiting.

[0128] S103. Using multiple sensing units installed on the energy storage device, the actual storage parameters of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment are obtained.

[0129] The actual storage parameters are a set of parameters directly measured by multiple sensing units, reflecting the true operating state of the equipment. They specifically correspond to each item in the theoretical storage parameters, forming comparable data pairs. The collaborative acquisition by multiple sensing units enables the relevant states of the energy storage equipment to be correlated and acquired simultaneously or within the same sampling window.

[0130] In practice, the monitoring and control unit can receive data uploaded by each sensing unit and complete data association within the same sampling window to generate the actual stored parameter set for the current moment. The actual stored parameters may include state parameters corresponding to the theoretical stored parameters.

[0131] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that S103 obtains a set of measured data that corresponds one-to-one with the theoretical storage parameters output in step S102 in both time and physical terms. By combining data from multiple sensing units, rather than relying solely on a single parameter, the state changes of the energy storage device can be comprehensively observed in subsequent judgments, providing fundamental data for the identification of different faults. It should be understood that the sensor types, installation methods, and sampling strategies described above are merely illustrative and not limiting.

[0132] S104. Based on the deviation data between theoretical storage parameters and actual storage parameters, determine the fault type corresponding to the energy storage device.

[0133] The fault type is an abnormal state category determined based on deviation data. Deviation data characterizes the degree of deviation between theoretical and actual storage parameters, and can be either single-parameter deviation or multi-parameter combined deviation. This step is crucial for correlating the aforementioned benchmark establishment, theoretical calculation, and actual acquisition results.

[0134] In practice, the monitoring and control unit compares the theoretical stored parameter set with the actual stored parameter set to obtain the corresponding deviation data, and determines the fault type of the current equipment based on this deviation data. The fault type can be determined based on the deviation of a single parameter, the combined deviation of multiple parameters, and the variation of the deviation, in order to distinguish different abnormal states.

[0135] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that this step does not directly compare the actual measured value with a fixed upper or lower limit. Instead, it first establishes the theoretically expected state at the current temperature, and then uses deviation data to identify actual anomalies. Therefore, it can separate parameter changes caused by normal temperature fluctuations from fault characteristics, achieving a more accurate identification of abnormal equipment states. It should be understood that the above example is only for demonstration and not a limitation.

[0136] The fault monitoring method provided in this application continuously correlates initial energy storage data, calibrated storage parameters, real-time temperature, theoretical storage parameters, actual storage parameters, and deviation data to form a fault identification path adapted to temperature fluctuation conditions. This ensures that the monitoring and judgment of energy storage equipment are based on its theoretically expected state under the current operating conditions. Therefore, in scenarios where actual parameter changes may originate from both environmental changes and fault anomalies, the system can distinguish the source of the anomaly and output the corresponding fault type when an abnormal state occurs, providing a basis for subsequent operation and management. It should be understood that the above examples are merely illustrative and not limiting.

[0137] Next, in Figure 1 The fault monitoring method of this application will be described in detail based on the embodiments.

[0138] First, configure the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions; the ideal storage conditions correspond at least to a first temperature and calibrated storage parameters; in one possible embodiment, the calibrated storage parameters include at least calibrated oil level and calibrated gas pressure;

[0139] Based on the initial energy storage data, determine the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment;

[0140] Theoretical storage parameters are determined based on theoretical energy storage data and initial energy storage data.

[0141] In practical implementation, after reading the initial energy storage data, the control unit performs temperature correction on the initial oil level in conjunction with the calibrated oil level to obtain the theoretical oil level under the current temperature conditions; simultaneously, it performs temperature correction on the first air volume in conjunction with the calibrated air pressure to obtain the theoretical air pressure under the current temperature conditions. The theoretical energy storage data can be composed of the temperature-compensated oil volume change, the gas phase space volume change, and the corresponding reference parameters, and then the theoretical energy storage data is matched with the initial energy storage data to convert it into theoretical storage parameters.

[0142] Understandably, if the energy storage device adopts a closed-loop submerged oil tank structure, this conversion can also be completed by the controller based on a pre-stored coefficient table or thermodynamic model. The coefficient table can consist of the oil expansion coefficient, the air expansion coefficient, and the tank volume parameters. In practical applications, the control unit can also select other types of processors, and this application does not limit this.

[0143] This method first generates corresponding theoretical energy storage data under real-time temperature change conditions, and then determines the theoretical storage parameters based on this data. This allows the theoretical values ​​to reflect the normal thermal response process of the oil and gas phase space inside the closed cabinet, and forms a comparable benchmark with the actual storage parameters collected subsequently.

[0144] By adopting the above method, the calibrated oil level and calibrated gas pressure can provide a stable benchmark for theoretical calculations. The theoretical energy storage data can distinguish between normal and abnormal changes caused by temperature fluctuations, thereby making the theoretical storage parameters closer to the actual expected state of the equipment under the current environment and improving the accuracy of subsequent deviation judgments.

[0145] Furthermore, the initial energy storage data includes at least: the oil expansion coefficient, the air expansion coefficient, the cabinet volume of the energy storage device, the solid volume, the first oil volume, and the first air volume;

[0146] Theoretical energy storage data includes: the second oil volume and the second air volume;

[0147] The second oil volume is determined based on the oil expansion coefficient, the first oil volume, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature and the first temperature.

[0148] The second air volume is determined based on the cabinet volume, the solid volume, and the second oil volume.

[0149] In practical implementation, the energy storage device can be equipped with a temperature acquisition unit to obtain the real-time temperature, and perform a difference calculation between the real-time temperature and the preset first temperature to obtain the temperature difference; the controller calculates the second oil volume according to the volume thermal expansion relationship based on the oil expansion coefficient, the first oil volume and the temperature difference.

[0150] Subsequently, the controller uses the cabinet volume as the total boundary volume, subtracts the solid volume and the second oil volume to obtain the second air volume. The first air volume can be used as a verification benchmark in the initial state to compare the rationality of the second air volume. The above calculation process can be executed by a controller that stores a parameter model. The parameter model can be pre-written into the device controller. In practical applications, other models of the controller can also be selected, and this application does not limit this.

[0151] In this way, the equipment can obtain the theoretical oil volume and theoretical gas phase space volume that match the current thermal state at different real-time temperatures, and use this as the basis for subsequent gas pressure and liquid level judgments. Since both the second oil volume and the second air volume are derived from the initial energy storage data and real-time temperature, a unified reference standard can be formed between the theoretical energy storage data and the actual monitoring data, thus providing a stable basis for identifying deviations in the internal state of the energy storage equipment. This improves the consistency of volume parameter calculations under temperature fluctuation conditions and enhances the accuracy of subsequent fault monitoring results.

[0152] Optional theoretical storage parameters include: theoretical gas pressure and theoretical oil level;

[0153] Based on theoretical energy storage data and initial energy storage data, theoretical storage parameters are determined, including:

[0154] The theoretical pressure is determined based on the calibrated air pressure, the ratio of the first air volume to the second air volume, and the ratio of the real-time temperature to the first temperature.

[0155] The theoretical oil level is determined based on the calibrated oil level and the ratio of the second oil volume to the first oil volume.

[0156] In practical implementation, the energy storage device can be a closed, submerged oil tank, with an oil storage chamber and a gas phase chamber formed inside. Initial energy storage data is written to the control unit during factory calibration or initial installation. The control unit converts the air volume expansion and oil volume expansion based on real-time temperature to obtain the second air volume and the second oil volume. Then, it calculates the theoretical air pressure according to the calibrated air pressure, the ratio of the first air volume to the second air volume, and the ratio of the real-time temperature to the first temperature. Finally, it calculates the theoretical oil level according to the calibrated oil level and the ratio of the second oil volume to the first oil volume. This calculation can be performed, for example, by a parameter calculation module stored in the controller. The controller can use an industrial-grade microprocessor or an edge computing chip; in practical applications, other models can also be selected, and this application does not limit this choice.

[0157] During operation, the control unit first receives the real-time temperature, then converts it to a first temperature to obtain the theoretical energy storage data at the current temperature. The theoretical storage parameters are then derived from this data and compared with the actual air pressure and oil level collected by the sensing unit. Since both theoretical air pressure and theoretical oil level are based on the volume relationship after temperature changes, a unified benchmark can be provided for subsequent deviation judgment.

[0158] By adopting this method, the theoretical gas pressure and theoretical oil level can be updated synchronously with temperature changes, so that the energy storage equipment can still obtain the corresponding reference values ​​under temperature fluctuation conditions. This provides an accurate basis for identifying abnormal gas pressure and liquid level, and improves the consistency of the characterization of the actual storage state.

[0159] In one possible embodiment, the actual storage parameters include: actual oil level and actual gas pressure;

[0160] After determining the theoretical storage parameters, determine the oil level deviation between the actual oil level and the theoretical oil level, and determine the gas pressure deviation between the actual gas pressure and the theoretical gas pressure.

[0161] If the oil level deviation is lower than the first oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is lower than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level one fault.

[0162] If the oil level deviation is higher than the second oil level threshold and the gas pressure deviation is higher than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level two fault.

[0163] If the absolute value of the oil level deviation is lower than the third oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is higher than the second gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level three fault.

[0164] Among them, the first oil level threshold is lower than the third oil level threshold, the third oil level threshold is lower than the second oil level threshold, and the first air pressure threshold is lower than the second air pressure threshold.

[0165] In actual implementation, after receiving the data output from the liquid level sensor and the pressure sensor, the controller first performs filtering and time synchronization, and then calculates the difference with the theoretical oil level and theoretical air pressure to obtain the oil level deviation and air pressure deviation.

[0166] Subsequently, the controller performs a logical comparison according to preset threshold relationships. When the liquid level deviation is small and the pressure deviation is also within a small range, a level one fault indicator is output; when the liquid level deviation increases and the pressure deviation exceeds a lower pressure threshold, a level two fault indicator is output; when the liquid level deviation remains within a small range but the absolute value of the pressure deviation increases significantly, a level three fault indicator is output. These thresholds can be stored in non-volatile memory and read by the controller for judgment. In practical applications, other controller models can also be selected, and this application does not limit this selection.

[0167] By incorporating both actual oil level and actual gas pressure into fault diagnosis and combining this with multi-level threshold classification, the anomaly types and deviation characteristics of energy storage equipment can be correlated, thereby enabling the differentiation and judgment of liquid level anomalies, pressure anomalies, and their combinations. Because of the hierarchical relationship between the thresholds, the output fault level has clear boundaries, which can improve the stability and consistency of fault identification results while meeting the current storage status monitoring requirements.

[0168] The following section will further explain the processes for other alarms. It should be noted that the following description is merely one specific exemplary implementation of the technical solution of this application and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this application.

[0169] In one optional implementation, based on the fault type, a corresponding alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the safety control strategy corresponding to the fault type.

[0170] In practical implementation, after determining the fault type, the controller reads the alarm code, alarm level, and handling parameters corresponding to that fault type, and generates alarm prompt information accordingly. The alarm prompt information may include the fault name, occurrence time, associated oil level deviation or air pressure deviation information, and the current suggested handling status. The controller sends the information to the upper-level monitoring system via serial port, Ethernet, or wireless communication link, and simultaneously drives the local audio-visual devices to output corresponding prompts, thus forming a linkage alarm between the field and remote monitoring.

[0171] Understandably, the safety control strategy is configured with different protection control sequences according to the fault level. For example, in the case of a level 1 fault, a power limiting operation command can be output; in the case of a level 2 fault, a shutdown, isolation, or disconnection of the charging and discharging circuit command can be output; and in the case of a level 3 fault, an emergency disconnection of the main circuit and linkage of the fire protection interface command can be output. After these commands are written into the execution module by the controller, they control the contactors, relays, fans, pumps, valves, or cooling units to operate, thereby completing the protection handling under fault conditions.

[0172] When the fault type and deviation characteristics change, the controller can re-match the corresponding alarm prompts and safety control strategies to ensure that the alarm content and handling actions remain consistent. For the same fault type, the output format of the alarm prompt can be switched to local display, remote push, or both, depending on whether the device is in local maintenance mode. The execution order of the safety control strategy can be determined according to the current operating mode of the energy storage device. For example, in the charging state, the charging channel is cut off first, and in the discharging state, the critical monitoring power supply is maintained first before the main power path is disconnected. By binding the fault type with the alarm and control actions, the fault identification result can be directly converted into the corresponding handling result, and a linkage response to abnormal states can be achieved.

[0173] By adopting the above method, the fault type can directly drive the corresponding prompts and protection actions. There is a clear mapping relationship between alarm information and control strategy, which enables the monitoring system to immediately enter the corresponding handling state after identifying the anomaly, thereby improving the consistency of fault response and the reliability of execution.

[0174] In one possible embodiment, the actual storage parameters include the actual gas pressure, and the method further includes:

[0175] The gauge pressure of the energy storage device is determined based on the pressure difference between the actual air pressure and the preset air pressure.

[0176] If the gauge pressure exceeds the pressure threshold corresponding to the energy storage device, the first overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0177] In its implementation, after receiving the actual air pressure data output by the pressure sensor, the controller first performs a difference calculation with the preset air pressure to obtain the gauge pressure value, and then compares this gauge pressure with the pressure threshold. If the comparison result shows that the gauge pressure exceeds the pressure threshold, the controller sends a first overpressure alarm command to the alarm module and simultaneously outputs a safety control signal to drive the pressure relief valve to open, cut off the relevant gas filling path, stop high-pressure gas replenishment, or initiate a protective shutdown. The pressure sensor used to collect the actual air pressure can be a micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) or a diaphragm pressure transmitter, whose range matches the design pressure of the gas phase space of the energy storage device. In practical applications, other models of this component can also be selected, and this application does not limit this.

[0178] Using a pressure threshold as a comparison benchmark, the system simultaneously triggers alarms and safety controls upon overpressure, enabling timely identification and coordinated response to the pressure status of the gas phase space. This allows for a clear overpressure determination in the early stages of pressure anomalies and directly maps the abnormal state to safety control actions, thereby improving the consistency of monitoring and the timeliness of response to pressure changes in enclosed submerged oil tanks.

[0179] In another alternative embodiment, a critical pressure threshold for the energy storage device is determined, which is related to the extreme operating conditions corresponding to the energy storage device.

[0180] If the actual air pressure exceeds the critical pressure threshold, a second overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0181] In practical implementation, the critical pressure threshold can be pre-calibrated based on the energy storage device's design pressure-bearing capacity, cabinet material strength, rated limits of the sealing structure, and safety margins under corresponding extreme operating conditions, and stored in the controller or cloud parameter library. When the actual gas pressure collected in real time exceeds this threshold, the controller immediately outputs a second overpressure alarm signal. The alarm signal can drive an audible and visual alarm, communication module, or human-machine interface to provide a prompt. Simultaneously, it triggers safety control strategies to perform actions such as load reduction, stopping charging and discharging, opening pressure relief channels, cutting off relevant power supplies, or initiating forced cooling of the energy storage device. The safety control strategies can be executed directly by the local controller or by edge computing modules after execution commands are issued from the cloud.

[0182] This scheme links critical pressure thresholds with extreme operating conditions, so that overpressure judgment no longer depends solely on the static pressure upper limit, but can be combined with the most unfavorable operating conditions of the energy storage device to trigger alarms. When the actual gas pressure exceeds the threshold, the second overpressure alarm and safety control strategy are executed simultaneously, which can enable the equipment to enter a controlled state in a timely manner when a more serious overpressure risk occurs, thereby improving the pertinence of overpressure identification and the timeliness of handling.

[0183] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, when the monitoring period reaches a preset period, and / or when the real-time temperature change exceeds a preset temperature difference, the real-time temperature is updated, and the theoretical storage parameters are re-determined using the updated real-time temperature.

[0184] In the specific implementation, the controller continuously acquires the temperature data output by the temperature sensing unit according to the preset sampling frequency, and compares the current sampling time with the time when the theoretical storage parameters were calculated last time. When the interval between the two reaches the preset period, the controller updates the current sampling temperature to the real-time temperature, and substitutes the real-time temperature into the calculation model of theoretical energy storage data and theoretical storage parameters to obtain the theoretical storage parameters that match the current operating conditions.

[0185] Optionally, the controller can also calculate the difference between two adjacent temperature values ​​during continuous sampling. When the absolute value of the difference exceeds a preset temperature difference, the real-time temperature is immediately updated with the latest sampled temperature, and the calculation of the theoretically stored parameters is re-executed to ensure that the theoretical value is synchronously corrected with temperature disturbances. To reduce the impact of sampling noise, the temperature data can be processed by moving average or median filtering before being used for updating. The controller can be composed of a microprocessor and a memory, with the temperature update conditions, calculation formulas, and parameter mapping relationships pre-written in the memory. In practical applications, other models of this component can also be selected, and this application does not limit this.

[0186] By updating the real-time temperature when a preset cycle is reached or the temperature difference exceeds the limit, and then re-determining the theoretical storage parameters based on the updated temperature, the theoretical values ​​can be synchronized with the current thermal state of the energy storage device. This provides a benchmark consistent with the actual operating conditions for subsequent deviation comparisons. Therefore, even in scenarios with continuous fluctuations in ambient temperature or rapid short-term temperature changes, the validity of the theoretical storage parameters can be maintained, and the fault type determination results can be more consistent with the actual state.

[0187] In one specific embodiment, initial energy storage data of the configured energy storage device under ideal storage conditions is acquired for the first time; for example, the initial state (i.e., the first temperature) is calibrated. oil level absolute pressure of air And input the calibration storage parameters: oil expansion coefficient coefficient of air expansion Total cabinet volume solid volume Initial oil volume Initial air volume .

[0188] Furthermore, based on the real-time temperature T, the theoretical energy storage data is calculated using the following formula, where the theoretical oil volume (i.e., the second oil volume) is... Theoretical air volume (also known as the second air volume) After obtaining the theoretical energy storage data, the theoretical storage parameters can be further determined, including: theoretical gas pressure. Theoretical oil level Here it is assumed that the cross-sectional area of ​​the oil tank is constant.

[0189] Then, the oil level deviation between the actual oil level and the theoretical oil level, and the air pressure deviation between the actual air pressure and the theoretical air pressure are determined, i.e., the measured oil level is calculated. Compared with theoretical oil level deviation and measured air pressure Compared with theoretical air pressure deviation .

[0190] Subsequently, the collaborative judgment logic is executed based on the deviation combination: when and When an oil leak is detected, a level one alarm is triggered, activating both audible and visual alarms and sending a remote notification; when and When an overpressure or abnormal expansion is detected, a secondary alarm is triggered and the pressure relief valve is opened; when and If the system detects a seal failure or gas leak, a level three alarm will be triggered, and a remote maintenance recommendation will be sent.

[0191] In addition, as a safety redundancy to prevent the enclosure from bursting, the gauge pressure is calculated using the difference between absolute pressure and atmospheric pressure. When the gauge pressure exceeds the upper limit of the enclosure's pressure capacity, a first-level alarm for dangerous overpressure is triggered, automatically opening the explosion relief valve and cutting off the power. Considering normal operating limits, normal thermal expansion is allowed. In case of overpressure, the pressure relief valve is activated. The pressure value is calculated based on the product's environmental adaptability. If this pressure is exceeded, a second-level alarm is triggered, and the pressure relief valve is activated.

[0192] Optionally, to ensure that the theoretical stored parameters can be updated in real time according to operating conditions, the system can recalculate the theoretical curve every 5 minutes, when the temperature change exceeds [a certain threshold]. The alarm is recalculated immediately to ensure accuracy.

[0193] The fault monitoring method provided in this application first configures the initial energy storage data and calibrated oil level and pressure reference parameters of the equipment at standard temperature. Combining real-time temperature and thermodynamic conversion logic, it calculates the theoretical oil level and theoretical pressure corresponding to the equipment in real time. The actual oil level and pressure parameters of the equipment are collected through multiple types of sensing units, and the deviation between theoretical and actual parameters is compared. Based on multi-level thresholds, different fault types (Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3) are accurately determined. A dual overpressure alarm protection mechanism is implemented, relying on the equipment's pressure threshold and critical pressure threshold for extreme operating conditions to achieve redundant protection. Simultaneously, the temperature reference and theoretical parameters can be dynamically updated according to the monitoring cycle or significant temperature changes. Corresponding alarm and safety control strategies are executed according to the fault type. This graded fault determination and multi-layered safety protection effectively improves the fault identification accuracy of energy storage equipment, reduces the risk of false positives and false negatives, and comprehensively enhances the operational safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0194] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a fault monitoring device for implementing the fault monitoring method described above. The solution provided by this fault monitoring device is similar to the solution described in the fault monitoring method above. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the fault monitoring method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0195] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fault monitoring device provided in this application. Figure 3 As shown, the fault monitoring device 200 provided in this embodiment is applied to an energy storage device. The energy storage device is equipped with various sensing units. The fault monitoring device 200 includes:

[0196] Configuration module 201 is used to configure the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions; ideal storage conditions correspond to at least a first temperature and calibrated storage parameters;

[0197] The first determining module 202 is used to determine the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment based on the initial energy storage data and the calibrated storage parameters.

[0198] The acquisition module 203 is used to acquire the actual storage parameters of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment by using a variety of sensing units installed on the energy storage device.

[0199] The second determining module 204 is used to determine the fault type corresponding to the energy storage device based on the deviation data between the theoretical storage parameters and the actual storage parameters.

[0200] In one possible embodiment, calibrating storage parameters includes at least calibrating oil level and calibrating gas pressure;

[0201] The first determining module 202 is also specifically used for:

[0202] Based on the initial energy storage data, determine the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment;

[0203] Theoretical storage parameters are determined based on theoretical energy storage data and initial energy storage data.

[0204] In one possible embodiment, the initial energy storage data includes at least: the oil expansion coefficient, the air expansion coefficient, the cabinet volume of the energy storage device, the solid volume, the first oil volume, and the first air volume;

[0205] Theoretical energy storage data includes: the second oil volume and the second air volume;

[0206] The first determining module 202 is also specifically used for:

[0207] The second oil volume is determined based on the oil expansion coefficient, the first oil volume, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature and the first temperature.

[0208] The second air volume is determined based on the cabinet volume, the solid volume, and the second oil volume.

[0209] In one possible embodiment, the theoretical storage parameters include: theoretical gas pressure and theoretical oil level;

[0210] The first determining module 202 is also specifically used for:

[0211] The theoretical pressure is determined based on the calibrated air pressure, the ratio of the first air volume to the second air volume, and the ratio of the real-time temperature to the first temperature.

[0212] The theoretical oil level is determined based on the calibrated oil level and the ratio of the second oil volume to the first oil volume.

[0213] In one possible embodiment, the actual storage parameters include: actual oil level and actual gas pressure;

[0214] The second determining module 204 is also specifically used for:

[0215] Determine the oil level deviation between the actual oil level and the theoretical oil level, and determine the gas pressure deviation between the actual gas pressure and the theoretical gas pressure;

[0216] If the oil level deviation is lower than the first oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is lower than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level one fault.

[0217] If the oil level deviation is higher than the second oil level threshold and the gas pressure deviation is higher than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level two fault.

[0218] If the absolute value of the oil level deviation is lower than the third oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is higher than the second gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level three fault.

[0219] Among them, the first oil level threshold is lower than the third oil level threshold, the third oil level threshold is lower than the second oil level threshold, and the first air pressure threshold is lower than the second air pressure threshold.

[0220] In one possible embodiment, the fault monitoring device 200 is further configured to:

[0221] Based on the fault type, the corresponding alarm prompt is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the safety control strategy corresponding to the fault type.

[0222] In one possible embodiment, the actual stored parameters include the actual air pressure, and the fault monitoring device 200 is further used for:

[0223] The gauge pressure of the energy storage device is determined based on the pressure difference between the actual air pressure and the preset air pressure.

[0224] If the gauge pressure exceeds the pressure threshold corresponding to the energy storage device, the first overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0225] In one possible embodiment, the fault monitoring device 200 is further configured to:

[0226] Determine the critical pressure threshold of the energy storage device, as the critical pressure threshold is related to the extreme operating conditions of the energy storage device.

[0227] If the actual air pressure exceeds the critical pressure threshold, a second overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

[0228] In one possible embodiment, the fault monitoring device 200 is further configured to:

[0229] If the monitoring period reaches the preset period, and / or if the real-time temperature change exceeds the preset temperature difference, update the real-time temperature and use the updated real-time temperature to redetermine the theoretical storage parameters.

[0230] Each module in the above-mentioned device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of a computer device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0231] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in this application. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 300 provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 301 and a memory 302. Optionally, the electronic device 300 further includes a communication component 303. The processor 301, memory 302, and communication component 303 are connected via a bus 304.

[0232] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 301 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 302, causing at least one processor 301 to perform the above-described method.

[0233] The specific implementation process of processor 301 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0234] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microcontroller (MCU) or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0235] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0236] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0237] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0238] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method.

[0239] The aforementioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0240] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0241] The division of units is merely a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0242] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0243] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0244] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0245] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0246] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fault monitoring method, characterized in that, Applied to energy storage devices, wherein the energy storage devices are equipped with multiple sensing units, the method includes: Configure the initial energy storage data of the energy storage device under ideal storage conditions; the ideal storage conditions at least correspond to a first temperature and calibrated storage parameters; Based on the initial energy storage data and the calibrated storage parameters, the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment are determined. Using the various sensing units installed on the energy storage device, the actual storage parameters of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment are obtained; Based on the deviation data between the theoretical storage parameters and the actual storage parameters, the fault type corresponding to the energy storage device is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibrated storage parameters include at least the calibrated oil level and the calibrated gas pressure; The step of determining the theoretical storage parameters of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment based on the initial energy storage data and the calibrated storage parameters includes: Based on the initial energy storage data, the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device under the real-time temperature of the current environment is determined; Based on the theoretical energy storage data and the initial energy storage data, the theoretical storage parameters are determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The initial energy storage data includes at least: oil expansion coefficient, air expansion coefficient, cabinet volume of energy storage device, solid volume, first oil volume, and first air volume; The theoretical energy storage data includes: the second oil volume and the second air volume; The step of determining the theoretical energy storage data of the energy storage device at the real-time temperature of the current environment based on the initial energy storage data includes: The second oil volume is determined based on the oil expansion coefficient, the first oil volume, and the temperature difference between the real-time temperature and the first temperature. The second air volume is determined based on the cabinet volume, the solid volume, and the second oil volume.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The theoretical storage parameters include: theoretical gas pressure and theoretical oil level; The process of determining the theoretical storage parameters based on the theoretical energy storage data and the initial energy storage data includes: The theoretical pressure is determined based on the calibrated air pressure, the ratio of the first air volume to the second air volume, and the ratio of the real-time temperature to the first temperature. The theoretical oil level is determined based on the calibrated oil level and the ratio of the second oil volume to the first oil volume.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The actual storage parameters include: actual oil level and actual gas pressure; The process of determining the fault type of the energy storage device based on the data deviation between the theoretical storage parameters and the actual storage parameters includes: Determine the oil level deviation between the actual oil level and the theoretical oil level, and determine the gas pressure deviation between the actual gas pressure and the theoretical gas pressure; If the oil level deviation is lower than the first oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is lower than the first gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level one fault. If the oil level deviation is higher than the second oil level threshold and the gas pressure deviation is higher than the first gas pressure threshold, it is determined that the energy storage device has a level two fault. If the absolute value of the oil level deviation is lower than the third oil level threshold and the absolute value of the gas pressure deviation is higher than the second gas pressure threshold, the energy storage device is determined to have a level three fault. Wherein, the first oil level threshold is lower than the third oil level threshold, the third oil level threshold is lower than the second oil level threshold; and the first air pressure threshold is lower than the second air pressure threshold.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the fault type, a corresponding alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the safety control strategy corresponding to the fault type.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual storage parameters include the actual air pressure, and the method further includes: The gauge pressure of the energy storage device is determined based on the pressure difference between the actual air pressure and the preset air pressure. If the gauge pressure exceeds the pressure threshold corresponding to the energy storage device, a first overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the critical pressure threshold of the energy storage device, wherein the critical pressure threshold is related to the extreme operating conditions corresponding to the energy storage device; If the actual air pressure exceeds the critical pressure threshold, a second overpressure alarm is triggered, and the energy storage device is controlled to execute the corresponding safety control strategy.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the monitoring period reaches the preset period, and / or if the temperature change of the real-time temperature exceeds the preset temperature difference, the real-time temperature is updated, and the theoretical storage parameters are re-determined using the updated real-time temperature.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, The energy storage device is equipped with a variety of sensing units; The sensing unit includes: a liquid level sensor, a pressure sensor, and at least two temperature sensors; The liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall of the cabinet or the top waveguide inside the energy storage device. The pressure sensor is located at the top of the gas phase space within the energy storage device; At least two of the temperature sensors are respectively disposed inside the oil and in the gas phase space within the energy storage device; The energy storage device is used to employ the fault monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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