Power failure detection method applied to circuit breaker use scenarios

Abstract

The application discloses a power failure detection method applied to a circuit breaker use scene and mainly relates to the technical field of circuit breaker power failure detection, so as to solve the problem of lacking special detection mechanism for the transition working condition of sunny days and thunderstorms in the prior art. The application breaks through the technical limitations of traditional single threshold value, single scene and post-detection, and realizes the core innovation of multi-time sequence data fusion, multi-dimensional interference elimination, multi-working condition layered research and judgment and implicit fault accurate capture, so that the accuracy, foresight and anti-interference ability of the circuit breaker full-scene failure detection are greatly improved. Meanwhile, the application is also matched with dynamic operation regulation and control and differentiated operation and maintenance strategy, realizes the integration of circuit breaker failure detection, early warning, management and control and operation and maintenance, and adapts to the fine, intelligent and full-period operation and maintenance requirements of the smart power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker power fault detection technology, specifically to a power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios. Background Technology

[0002] As the core protection and control equipment of power transmission and distribution systems, circuit breakers are widely used in various power scenarios such as substations, industrial and mining power distribution, and civil power supply. Their operational stability directly determines the power supply reliability and operational safety of the entire power system. Current power systems are gradually developing towards normalized high load, high density, and complex weather conditions.

[0003] However, under normal operating conditions in sunny weather using existing technologies, it is still difficult to distinguish between equipment overheating faults and external environmental interferences such as direct sunlight and fluctuations in ambient temperature and humidity. This can easily lead to a large number of false alarms and missed alarms due to overheating, reducing the accuracy of fault detection and the efficiency of operation and maintenance. Furthermore, under thunderstorm weather conditions, it is also impossible to identify such latent faults, causing circuit breakers to operate with hidden faults for a long time, gradually aggravating equipment insulation aging and mechanical wear, and shortening the service life of the equipment. In other words, there is a lack of a special detection mechanism for the transitional operating conditions between sunny weather and thunderstorms.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, a power fault detection method for circuit breaker applications is proposed. This method aims to construct a comprehensive circuit breaker fault detection system covering three scenarios: normal operating conditions under clear skies, severe operating conditions during thunderstorms, and transitional operating conditions. This system will enable accurate identification and tiered early warning of both visible and hidden circuit breaker faults. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems mentioned above by proposing a power fault detection method applicable to circuit breaker usage scenarios.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios, wherein the steps of the power fault detection method are as follows: Step 1: Contact overheat detection. Detect contact overheating of the circuit breaker and issue a fault warning. Simultaneously, filter false overheating alarms based on surrounding environmental interference. Identify the operating status of the circuit breaker and construct overall time-series data. Establish trend curves based on the time-series data, classify operating stages based on trend curve analysis, and issue power over-temperature warnings according to the type of operating stage. Step 2: Induction fault detection. During thunderstorm weather conditions, conduct intermittent lightning strike induced fault detection of the circuit breaker; collect voltage waveform data and record waveform changes, establish the distorted waveform, and complete the induced fault detection based on data analysis. Step 3: Operating condition alternation detection. During the operating condition alternation phase, power fault detection is performed, and partial discharge detection is carried out on the surface of the circuit breaker. The detection determines whether the partial discharge is normal or not, and partial discharge time analysis is performed when there is an abnormality to complete the partial discharge risk assessment.

[0007] Furthermore, the operating state is divided into energized state and intermittent state; specifically, the operating phase of the circuit breaker being energized and the intermittent phase of waiting for the next energized operation after the energization ends.

[0008] Furthermore, the overall timing data construction process is as follows: acquire the circuit breaker contact closing action under energized conditions and record the timing data of the closing action; and combine the timing data with the contact opening action recorded during the intermittent state to perform timing data fusion, reflecting the overall timing data of the closing action and the opening action.

[0009] Furthermore, the trend curve establishment process is as follows: Identify the contact temperatures corresponding to adjacent energized states within the overall time series data, construct the contact temperatures for all energized states according to the time series order, and establish a trend curve for the contact temperatures corresponding to the switching action; simultaneously extract the contact temperatures corresponding to adjacent intermittent states within the overall time series data, and compare them with the contact temperatures of the closest adjacent energized states in history to obtain the temperature drop span, and construct a trend curve for the temperature drop span at each moment according to the time series order; based on the trend analysis of the trend curve, the operating stage is divided into a high-intensity temperature rise stage and a high-intensity temperature drop stage; analyze the numerical interval of the contact temperature red line value in the trend curve of the contact temperature corresponding to the switching action, and when the numerical interval enters the risk value range, if the operating stage is a high-intensity temperature rise stage, a power over-temperature warning is issued.

[0010] Furthermore, during the power over-temperature warning stage, the location of the circuit breaker is obtained, and the temperature rise time series data and direct sunlight time series data of the surrounding environment are extracted. The temperature rise fluctuation of the surrounding environment under the current time series is obtained, and temperature rise fluctuation time series data is established. At the same time, the direct sunlight duration of the external structure of the circuit breaker is extracted based on the location of the circuit breaker, and direct sunlight duration time series data is established.

[0011] Furthermore, the warning time point is determined, and relative trend points and irrelevant trend points are obtained based on the analysis of temperature rise fluctuation trend and temperature drop span trend. The duration of direct sunlight on the external structure surface is extracted and the movement trajectory of the direct sunlight point on the external structure surface is determined. The temperature rise process at different positions on the circuit breaker surface is identified based on the temperature sensor. If the temperature rise process is not synchronized and the order of temperature rise positions matches the corresponding position of the movement trajectory, then direct sunlight control is implemented.

[0012] Furthermore, the steps for establishing the distorted waveform in step two are as follows: sampling the microsecond-level voltage waveform data at the incoming end of the circuit breaker, the thunderstorm timing data from the external meteorological sensor of the cabinet, and the real-time surface temperature data of the vacuum interrupter. Establish microsecond intervals; analyze voltage waveform data at the same time based on thunderstorm timing data. When the rainfall or lightning frequency of the corresponding timing enters the set range, the voltage waveform data of the corresponding timing is included in the weak current fault detection data set. The voltage waveform change under the current timing is obtained based on the weak current fault detection data set, and waveforms that exceed the waveform change range are marked as distorted waveforms.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the time sequence corresponding to the distorted waveform, real-time data of the surface temperature of the vacuum interrupter is extracted, and the stable fluctuation trend of the surface is recorded; when the distorted waveform continues to be generated and the amplitude is below the set red line threshold, and at the same time the surface temperature data rises, and the temperature rise is a small-amplitude gradual increase, the small-amplitude temperature rise value is lower than the set temperature rise threshold.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of alternating testing under different operating conditions in step three is as follows: Determine the alternation period, extract the partial discharge quantity on the circuit breaker surface at each time point within the alternation period, and extract the deviation of the partial discharge quantity based on the circuit breaker's operating and non-operating times; when the partial discharge quantity deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it indicates that the circuit breaker's partial discharge is normal; when the partial discharge quantity deviation does not exceed the deviation threshold, it indicates that the circuit breaker's partial discharge is abnormal, and perform partial discharge time analysis.

[0015] Furthermore, the operating and non-operating times of partial discharge anomalies are uniformly marked as partial discharge risk times. The number of partial discharge durations during partial discharge risk times is collected, and the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment where the circuit breaker is located is collected under the current number of partial discharge durations. If the number of partial discharge durations exceeds the set threshold, or the coverage area of ​​the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment where the circuit breaker is located continues to increase, it indicates that the circuit breaker has a high risk of partial discharge. An early warning of partial discharge anomalies during alternating periods is issued, and the environment where the circuit breaker is located is controlled during the alternating periods.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Differentiate between the energized operation and intermittent static states of circuit breakers. By fusing full-time data from both on and off states, construct dual trend curves for temperature rise and temperature drop. Upgrade from static numerical detection to dynamic time-series characteristic detection, accurately classifying two operating stages: high-intensity temperature rise and high-intensity temperature drop. This solves the problem of rigid traditional detection logic and inability to identify gradual early overheating faults, significantly improving the foresight of overheating fault warnings. Through trend matching analysis and temperature rise trajectory comparison, accurately distinguish between temperature rise due to equipment failure and false temperature rise due to environmental interference. Completely solve the industry pain point of high false alarm rate in overheating detection under sunny conditions, significantly improving fault detection accuracy and maintenance efficiency.

[0017] 2. To achieve proactive management of latent faults, after identifying latent faults in low-voltage circuits, the management strategies of reducing circuit breaker operating cycles, staggering lightning strike periods, and conducting special maintenance after thunderstorms effectively reduce the continuous wear and tear on the circuit breaker insulation structure and core components caused by low-voltage disturbances, slow down equipment aging, and prevent major equipment failures caused by the accumulation of latent faults. The overheat detection unit for sunny weather conditions forms a complementary scenario, covering both normal and harsh core operating scenarios, greatly enriching the scenario coverage of circuit breaker fault detection and improving the reliability of fault detection under all weather conditions.

[0018] 3. Achieve proactive risk management during operating condition transitions. By monitoring temperature, humidity, and partial discharge trends in real time, adjust environmental parameters and shorten continuous equipment operation time to avoid the combined risks of temperature and humidity fluctuations and partial discharge anomalies. Reduce equipment failure rate during operating condition transitions. As a connecting step between the two core detection methods of sunny days and thunderstorms, achieve seamless integration of multi-condition detection logic, break down data barriers between different conditions, and enable circuit breaker fault detection to cover all time periods and scenarios, including normal operation, severe weather, and operating condition transitions. This further enhances the integrity and stability of the overall fault detection system, ensuring that the circuit breaker remains in a controllable and monitorable safe operating state during dynamic operating condition switching. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the method for step three in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-2 As shown, a power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker applications is described. The specific steps of the power fault detection method are as follows: Step 1: Contact overheating detection. The circuit breaker is subjected to contact overheating detection and fault warning is issued. At the same time, false alarms due to overheating are screened based on the surrounding environmental interference to improve the efficiency of power fault detection. The current scenario involves the circuit breaker operating in a sunny environment. Environmental interference is identified during operation monitoring to detect and warn of circuit breaker faults. The ambient temperature and humidity data acquisition hardware uses industrial-grade waterproof and dustproof temperature and humidity sensors. The circuit breaker's operating status is identified, which is divided into energized and intermittent states. Specifically, it is divided into the operating phase of the circuit breaker in the energized state and the intermittent phase after the energization ends, waiting for the next energization to begin. The contact closing actions of the circuit breaker in the energized state are acquired and the timing data of the closing actions are recorded. Within the timing data, the contact opening actions recorded in the intermittent state are combined to perform timing data fusion, which reflects the overall timing data of the closing and opening actions. Identify the contact temperatures corresponding to adjacent energized states within the overall time-series data, construct the contact temperatures for all energized states according to the time sequence, and establish the trend curve of the contact temperature corresponding to the closing action; at the same time, extract the contact temperatures corresponding to adjacent intermittent states within the overall time-series data, and compare them with the contact temperatures of the closest adjacent energized states in history to obtain the temperature drop span, and construct the temperature drop span trend curve for each time moment according to the time sequence. If the temperature trend curve of the contact corresponding to the energizing action shows an increasing trend while the slope continues to increase, the temperature drop span trend curve is identified simultaneously. When the temperature trend curve of the contact corresponding to the energizing action continues to increase and the temperature drop span trend curve continues to decrease synchronously, the current operating stage is marked as a high-intensity temperature rise stage; when the temperature trend curve of the contact corresponding to the energizing action continues to increase and the temperature drop span trend curve does not continue to decrease synchronously, the current operating stage is marked as a high-intensity temperature drop stage. Analyze the numerical intervals of the contact temperature red line values ​​in the trend curve corresponding to the energizing action. When the numerical interval enters the risk range, if the operation phase is a high-intensity temperature rise phase, an over-temperature warning is issued, reducing the operating intensity of the circuit breaker while extending the duration of the intermittent state; if the operation phase is a high-intensity temperature drop phase, continuous over-temperature monitoring is conducted, continuously monitoring the temperature drop range of the circuit breaker. If the temperature drop range shows a downward fluctuation, circuit breaker operation control is implemented. During the power over-temperature warning stage, the location of the circuit breaker is obtained, and the temperature rise time series data and direct sunlight time series data of the surrounding environment are extracted, and all time series data correspond to the same time; the temperature rise fluctuation of the surrounding environment under the current time series is obtained, and temperature rise fluctuation time series data is established. At the same time, the direct sunlight duration of the external structure of the circuit breaker is extracted according to the location of the circuit breaker, and direct sunlight duration time series data is established. Based on the power over-temperature warning time, the warning time point is marked in the time sequence. The temperature rise fluctuation trend is extracted from the time sequence before the warning time point. If the temperature rise fluctuation trend shows an increasing trend and the circuit breaker temperature drop span shows a decreasing trend, it is marked as a relative trend point. When relative trend points continue to be generated in the time sequence and the proportion of them increases steadily, temperature drop interference processing is performed. That is, while controlling the temperature drop during the circuit breaker operation, the external structure of the circuit breaker is simultaneously controlled. Conversely, if the temperature rise fluctuation trend is the same as or relative to the circuit breaker temperature drop span trend, and the interval period is not constant, it is marked as an irrelevant trend point. When irrelevant trend points continue to be generated in the time sequence, it is noted that the current over-temperature warning is unrelated to the surrounding temperature rise. The duration of direct sunlight on the external structural surface of the circuit breaker is extracted, and the movement trajectory of the direct sunlight point on the external structural surface is determined based on the duration of direct sunlight. The temperature rise process at different locations on the circuit breaker surface is identified by temperature sensors. If the temperature rise process is synchronous, it is directly marked as no interference from direct sunlight. If the temperature rise process is not synchronous, and the order of the temperature rise points corresponds to the positions on the movement trajectory, then direct sunlight control is implemented. Direct sunlight control is implemented during temperature drop control. It should be explained that in the current scenario, when the influence of ambient temperature rise is small, direct sunlight will cause local temperature changes. Therefore, by using this scenario detection, while ensuring the detection and early warning of contact circuit faults, environmental interference can be effectively avoided. Step 2: Inductive weak current fault detection. During thunderstorm weather conditions, intermittent lightning strike induced weak current fault detection is performed on the circuit breaker. Even in scenarios where there is no direct lightning breakdown, overhead lines are prone to coupled lightning strike induced weak current disturbances. Therefore, inductive weak current detection is performed to detect power faults in the current scenario. This can be combined with the sunny weather conditions in Step 1 to cover the circuit breaker's operating scenarios and improve the accuracy of power fault detection in the usage scenario. The sampling circuit breaker input terminal voltage waveform data at the microsecond level, the lightning timing data of the external meteorological sensor, and the real-time surface temperature data of the vacuum interrupter are all collected. To establish the microsecond interval, it should be explained that the existing technology allows the microsecond interval to be 0.1 to 10 μs. Based on the analysis of the voltage waveform data at the same time according to the thunderstorm time series data, when the thunderstorm rainfall or lightning frequency of the corresponding time series enters the set range, the voltage waveform data of the corresponding time series is included in the weak current fault detection data set. The voltage waveform change under the current time series is obtained according to the weak current fault detection data set, and the waveform that exceeds the waveform change range is marked as a distorted waveform. Based on the timing sequence corresponding to the distorted waveform, real-time surface temperature data of the vacuum interrupter is extracted, and the stable fluctuation trend of the surface is recorded. When the distorted waveform continues to occur and its amplitude is below the set red line threshold, accompanied by a rise in surface temperature data, and the temperature rise is a small, gradual increase with the value of the small temperature rise being lower than the set temperature rise threshold, it is determined that the circuit breaker has a latent weak current fault induced by lightning strike. A latent weak current fault warning is executed, and all operating data are retrieved under the current operating conditions. At the same time, the circuit breaker's operating cycle is reduced to decrease the frequency of overlap between the circuit breaker's operating phase and the lightning strike phase. Circuit breaker maintenance is performed after the thunderstorm weather conditions have ended. If any of the following conditions are not met: the distorted waveform continues to be generated, the amplitude is below the set red line threshold, the surface temperature data rises, or the temperature rise is a small and gradual increase, then it is determined that the circuit breaker does not have a lightning strike induced weak current hidden fault, and the planned workload under the current working condition continues to be executed. Step 3: Operating condition alternation detection. Power fault detection is carried out during the operating condition alternation phase. Combining the working scenarios of Step 1 and Step 2, the corresponding working conditions are alternating between sunny and thunderstorm weather conditions, that is, the alternation period when the thunderstorm weather ends and the sunny weather condition begins. After determining the alternation period and completing the tests in steps one and two, and ensuring the operating efficiency of the circuit breaker, partial discharge detection is performed on the circuit breaker surface. During the alternation period, the partial discharge quantity on the circuit breaker surface is extracted at each moment. Based on the circuit breaker's operating and non-operating times, the deviation of the surface partial discharge quantity is extracted. When the partial discharge quantity deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it indicates that the circuit breaker's partial discharge is normal; when the partial discharge quantity deviation does not exceed the deviation threshold, it indicates that the circuit breaker's partial discharge is abnormal, and partial discharge time analysis is performed. The operating and non-operating times of partial discharge anomalies are uniformly marked as partial discharge risk times. The number of partial discharge duration times of partial discharge risk times is collected, and the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment where the circuit breaker is located is collected under the current number of partial discharge duration times. If the number of durations of partial discharge exceeds the set threshold, or if the coverage area of ​​the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment continues to increase, it indicates a high risk of partial discharge in the circuit breaker. An early warning of abnormal partial discharge during alternating periods is issued, and the environment in which the circuit breaker is located is controlled during the alternating periods, such as temperature and humidity. At the same time, partial discharge monitoring is carried out during the alternating periods to avoid the overlap between the time when temperature and humidity increase and the time when partial discharge increases. Specifically, partial discharge control can be carried out through partial discharge monitoring to reduce the continuous operating time and control the growth of partial discharge. If the number of durations of partial discharge does not exceed the set threshold, and the coverage area of ​​the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment does not continue to increase, it indicates that the circuit breaker has a low risk of partial discharge, and continuous monitoring of partial discharge should be carried out during alternating periods.

[0024] In summary, the optimized detection logic for circuit breaker operation in sunny weather enables refined and interference-resistant detection of contact overheating faults, possessing multiple technical advantages. It achieves graded early warning and differentiated control, implementing proactive prevention strategies such as over-temperature warning and load reduction and intermittent operation during high-intensity temperature rise phases, and continuous monitoring and dynamic control strategies during high-intensity temperature drop phases. This avoids the limitations of a single early warning mode, maximizing circuit breaker operating efficiency while ensuring equipment operation safety, and achieving integrated closed-loop control of fault early warning and equipment operation management. Furthermore, a dual-feature coupled judgment logic for voltage waveform distortion and small gradual temperature rise in the arc-extinguishing chamber is constructed, abandoning the single signal judgment method, greatly improving the accuracy of hidden fault judgment, and avoiding misjudgment and missed judgment caused by single parameter fluctuation. At the same time, for the alternating scenario of thunderstorms turning into sunny days, a multi-dimensional judgment logic for partial discharge quantity deviation, duration, and ion diffusion trajectory is constructed.

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios, characterized in that, The steps of the power fault detection method are as follows: Step 1: Contact overheat detection. The circuit breaker is subjected to contact overheat detection and fault warning is issued. At the same time, false alarms due to overheating are filtered based on the surrounding environmental interference. The circuit breaker's operating status is identified and overall time-series data is constructed. A trend curve is established based on the time-series data. The operating stage is classified based on the trend curve analysis, and power over-temperature warning is issued according to the type of operating stage. Step 2: Induction fault detection. During thunderstorm weather conditions, the circuit breaker is tested for intermittent lightning-induced weak current faults. Voltage waveform data is collected and waveform changes are recorded to establish the distorted waveform. Based on the data analysis, the detection of induction faults is completed. Step 3: Alternating Operating Condition Detection. During the alternating operating condition phase, power fault detection is performed on the circuit breaker, and partial discharge detection is performed on the surface of the circuit breaker. The detection determines whether the partial discharge is normal or not, and partial discharge time analysis is performed when there is an abnormality to complete the partial discharge risk assessment.

2. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating state is divided into energized state and intermittent state; specifically, the operating phase of the circuit breaker being energized and the intermittent phase of waiting for the next energized operation after the energization ends.

3. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overall timing data construction process is as follows: acquire the contact closing action of the circuit breaker under energized conditions and record the timing data of the closing action; within the timing data, combine the contact breaking action collected under intermittent conditions to perform timing data fusion, so as to reflect the overall timing data of the closing action and the breaking action.

4. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of establishing the trend curve is as follows: Identify the contact temperature corresponding to adjacent energized states within the overall time series data, construct the contact temperature for all energized states according to the time series order, and establish the trend curve of the contact temperature corresponding to the closing action; simultaneously extract the contact temperature corresponding to adjacent intermittent states within the overall time series data, and compare it with the contact temperature of the closest adjacent energized state in history to obtain the temperature drop span, and construct the temperature drop span trend curve for each moment according to the time series order; based on the trend analysis of the trend curve, the operating stage is divided into a high-intensity temperature rise stage and a high-intensity temperature drop stage; analyze the numerical interval of the contact temperature red line value in the trend curve of the contact temperature corresponding to the closing action, and when the numerical interval enters the risk value range, if the operating stage is a high-intensity temperature rise stage, a power over-temperature warning is issued.

5. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the power over-temperature warning stage, the location of the circuit breaker is obtained, and the temperature rise time series data and direct sunlight time series data of the surrounding environment are extracted. The temperature rise fluctuation of the surrounding environment under the current time series is obtained, and the temperature rise fluctuation time series data is established. At the same time, the direct sunlight duration of the external structure of the circuit breaker is extracted based on the location of the circuit breaker, and the direct sunlight duration time series data is established.

6. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determine the warning time point, and obtain the relative trend point and irrelevant trend point based on the analysis of temperature rise fluctuation trend and temperature drop span trend; extract the duration of direct sunlight on the external structural surface of the circuit breaker, and determine the movement trajectory of the direct sunlight point on the external structural surface; identify the temperature rise process at different positions on the circuit breaker surface based on temperature sensors, and if the temperature rise process is not synchronized, and the order of the temperature rise positions matches the corresponding positions of the movement trajectory, then direct sunlight control is implemented.

7. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for establishing the distorted waveform in step two are as follows: sample the microsecond-level voltage waveform data at the incoming end of the circuit breaker, the thunderstorm timing data from the external meteorological sensor of the cabinet, and the real-time surface temperature data of the vacuum interrupter. Establish microsecond intervals; analyze voltage waveform data at the same time based on thunderstorm timing data. When the rainfall or lightning frequency of the corresponding timing enters the set range, the voltage waveform data of the corresponding timing is included in the weak current fault detection data set. The voltage waveform change under the current timing is obtained based on the weak current fault detection data set, and waveforms that exceed the waveform change range are marked as distorted waveforms.

8. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on the timing sequence corresponding to the distorted waveform, real-time data of the surface temperature of the vacuum interrupter is extracted, and the stable fluctuation trend of the surface is recorded. When the distorted waveform continues to be generated and the amplitude is below the set red line threshold, the surface temperature data rises, and the temperature rise is a small and gradual increase, with the small temperature rise value being lower than the set temperature rise threshold.

9. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of alternating testing under different operating conditions in step three is as follows: Determine the alternation period, extract the partial discharge quantity on the circuit breaker surface at each time point within the alternation period, and extract the deviation of the partial discharge quantity based on the circuit breaker's operating and non-operating times; when the partial discharge quantity deviation exceeds the deviation threshold, it indicates that the circuit breaker's partial discharge is normal; when the partial discharge quantity deviation does not exceed the deviation threshold, it indicates that the circuit breaker's partial discharge is abnormal, and perform partial discharge time analysis.

10. The power fault detection method applied to circuit breaker usage scenarios according to claim 9, characterized in that, The operating and non-operating times of partial discharge anomalies are uniformly marked as partial discharge risk times. The number of partial discharge durations during partial discharge risk times is collected, and the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment where the circuit breaker is located is collected under the current number of partial discharge durations. If the number of partial discharge durations exceeds the set time threshold, or the coverage area of ​​the ion diffusion trajectory in the environment where the circuit breaker is located continues to increase, it indicates that the circuit breaker has a high risk of partial discharge. An early warning of partial discharge anomalies during alternating periods is issued, and the environment where the circuit breaker is located is controlled during the alternating periods.

Images