A fast jamming direction finding method for digital-analog hybrid phased array radar

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to a fast interference direction finding method for a digital-analog hybrid system phased array radar, which comprises the following steps: in the interference direction finding mode, a multi-channel receiving switch of a subarray of an array surface of the phased array radar is controlled by software, only one receiving channel of each subarray is opened in the same sampling snapshot; according to the subarray position and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, different subarrays are controlled to open different receiving channels, and row oblique angle sampling data and column oblique angle sampling data are obtained in two sampling periods respectively; the row oblique angle sampling data and the column oblique angle sampling data are decoupled to obtain row sampling data and column sampling data; the row sampling data and the column sampling data are subjected to FFT processing and peak value detection respectively, and a target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy is selected; based on the information of the target FFT channel, the azimuth and the elevation of the interference signal are inversely calculated, and the azimuth estimation result and the elevation estimation result of the interference source are output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this application relate to the field of radar technology, and in particular to a fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar. Background Technology

[0002] In today's increasingly complex electromagnetic environment, radar needs to possess the ability to quickly and accurately identify and locate interference sources. As a crucial component of radar jamming countermeasures, the performance of jamming direction finding technology directly affects the radar's anti-jamming capability. Based on radar architecture, mainstream radar jamming direction finding methods are mainly divided into two categories.

[0003] The first category is the interference direction finding method for all-digital array radar, which is based on an all-digital array radar architecture. Its core principle is that, in receive mode, the radar extracts fast-shot echo data from one row and one column of array elements in a two-dimensional array, performs FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) processing on each, and selects the FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy value by peak detection of the FFT results. This channel information is then used to calculate the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal. The main advantages of this method are: speed (frequency domain analysis is achieved through FFT processing, avoiding the time consumption of spatial domain scanning); high accuracy (the fine resolution of the FFT channel can obtain angle estimation accuracy beyond the beamwidth); and simple algorithm (the processing flow is relatively simple, and the computational complexity is controllable). However, the drawback is that this method is limited to all-digital array radar systems, requiring an independent digital receiving channel after each array element, resulting in extremely high hardware costs. For large-scale arrays, the required number of analog-to-digital converters, digital down-converters, and other components is enormous, leading to high system costs and making it difficult to popularize in cost-sensitive applications.

[0004] The second category is the interference direction finding method for traditional hybrid analog-digital phased array radars. Most current radar systems employ a lower-cost hybrid system, where analog beamforming occurs within subarrays, while digital synthesis occurs between subarrays. Under this architecture, the traditional interference direction finding method typically involves the following steps: Wavelength scanning: the radar remains in receiving mode, and software controls the receiving phase weights of each subarray to sequentially scan the antenna beams across preset spatial wavelengths; energy detection: during each wavelength dwell period, signal processing performs interference energy detection on the received echo data; maximum value selection: after traversing all scanned wavelengths, the beam direction with the highest echo energy is selected as the estimated direction of the interference source. The drawbacks of this method are: slow response speed (requiring scanning wavelength by wavelength, which is insufficient for scenarios requiring coverage of a large spatial area or for rapidly moving interference sources); limited resolution (direction finding accuracy is limited by the antenna beamwidth); and low resource utilization (during most of the scanning time, the system only receives signals in one direction, failing to fully utilize the array's spatial sampling capabilities).

[0005] In summary, the all-digital array radar scheme has advantages in direction finding speed and accuracy, but the hardware cost is too high. On the other hand, although the traditional phased array radar scheme has lower cost, its beam-by-beam scanning direction finding method has inherent defects such as low efficiency and insufficient accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, embodiments of this application propose a rapid jamming direction finding method for hybrid digital-analog phased array radars, which can achieve direction finding speed and accuracy comparable to that of fully digital array radars while maintaining hardware cost advantages.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application propose a fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar, employing a hybrid system of intra-subarray analog synthesis and inter-subarray digital synthesis. The method includes the following steps: S1, in the jamming direction finding mode, the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarray of the phased array radar is controlled by software. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on and the other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not go through the analog synthesis processing within the subarray. S2, according to the position of the subarray and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, control different subarrays to open different receiving channels, so that the acquired sampling data forms an array diagonal arrangement, and obtain row diagonal sampling data and column diagonal sampling data in two sampling periods respectively. S3. Decouple the row and column angle sampling data by dividing the row angle sampling data by the corresponding element in the column angle sampling data to obtain the row sampling data, and divide the column angle sampling data by the corresponding element in the row angle sampling data to obtain the column sampling data. The row angle sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference pitch angle, and the column angle sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference azimuth angle. S4. Perform FFT processing on the row sampled data and column sampled data respectively, and perform peak detection on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy. S5, based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained by peak detection, calculates the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal and outputs the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application also propose a fast interference direction finding system for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar. This system employs a hybrid approach of analog synthesis within subarrays and digital synthesis between subarrays. The system includes: an array channel selection control module, used to control the multi-channel receiving switches of subarrays on the phased array radar array face via software in interference direction finding mode. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is opened, while other receiving channels are closed, so that the received signal does not undergo analog synthesis processing within the subarray; an oblique sampling data acquisition module, used to control different receiving channels to be opened for different subarrays according to the subarray position and the channel arrangement within the subarray, so that the acquired sampling data forms an oblique array on the array face, obtaining row oblique sampling data and column oblique sampling data in two sampling periods respectively; and an oblique sampling data decoupling unit. The processing module decouples the row and column bevel sampling data. It divides the row bevel sampling data by the corresponding element in the column bevel sampling data to obtain the row sampling data, and the same applies to the column bevel sampling data. The row bevel sampling data incorporates phase information introduced by the pitch angle of the interference, while the column bevel sampling data incorporates phase information introduced by the azimuth angle of the interference. The FFT and peak detection module performs FFT processing on the row and column sampling data respectively, and performs peak detection on the FFT results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy. The angle inverse calculation and output module calculates the azimuth and pitch angles of the interference signal based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained from peak detection, and outputs the azimuth and pitch estimation results of the interference source.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application also propose an electronic device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the instructions such that the electronic device can implement a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid digital-analog phased array radar as described above.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of this application also propose a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, enables a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar as described above.

[0011] Optionally, the phased array radar array is composed of... It consists of 10 subarrays, each subarray is composed of 10 subarrays. It consists of several channels, with a total array size of [missing information]. One channel; When rapid jamming direction finding is required, the phased array radar is switched from normal operation mode to jamming direction finding mode. In jamming direction finding mode, the phased array radar only maintains the receiving state. The signal processor sends channel selection control commands to the phased array radar beam controller through the phased array radar software interface to control the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarrays of the phased array radar array. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on, and other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not undergo analog synthesis processing within the subarray.

[0012] Optionally, the lower left corner of the array face is designated as the origin of the subarray coordinates. The origin of the channel coordinates is the lower left corner inside the subarray. Based on the subarray positions and channel arrangement within the subarrays, different receiving channels are opened in different subarrays, causing the acquired sampling data to form an array with diagonal arrangement. Row diagonal sampling data and column diagonal sampling data are obtained in two sampling periods, including: During the first sampling period, the control array's first... Arriving at the All of the lines The array only opens one receiving channel, the first The row array only opens the passage. ,right OK After the subarrays of the column are sampled using a quick snapshot, they are arranged sequentially from left to right to obtain the row-diagonal sampled data; among them, ; During the second sampling period, the control array's first... Arriving at the All of the columns The row array only opens one receiving channel, the first The array only opens channels ,right List After the subarrays in each row are sampled quickly, they are arranged sequentially from top to bottom to obtain the column diagonal sampling data; among them, .

[0013] Optionally, the diagonal sampling data is recorded as follows: The column diagonal sampling data is The echo models for the two are expressed as follows: ; ; ; ; in, For continuous sampling time in the time domain, The index of the diagonal sampling data. The index of the diagonally sampled data. , , and All are echo amplitudes. The azimuth phase difference between adjacent array elements caused by interference azimuth pointing. For the operating wavelength, For the azimuth equivalent element spacing, To interfere with the pitch direction causing the pitch phase difference between adjacent array elements, The pitch dimension is the equivalent spacing between array elements; The row and column diagonal sampled data are decoupled. The row diagonal sampled data is divided by the corresponding element in the column diagonal sampled data to obtain the row sampled data, and the column diagonal sampled data is divided by the corresponding element in the row diagonal sampled data to obtain the column sampled data, including: Data sampled at an angle in the column Middle interval Take before Each element, will Copy each element to This yields decoupled row vectors. , sampling data at an angle Decoupled row vectors Divide the corresponding elements to obtain the decoupled row sampling data; Data sampled at an angle in the row Middle interval Take before Each element will Copy each element to This yields a column decoupling column vector. , sample data at an angle Decoupled column vectors Divide the corresponding elements to obtain the decoupled column sampling data.

[0014] Optionally, FFT processing is performed on the row-sampled data and column-sampled data respectively, and peak detection is performed on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy, including: Perform column sampling on the decoupled data Point FFT transformation is performed to obtain the column frequency domain response. The point with the maximum amplitude is searched in the column frequency domain response, and its corresponding FFT channel number is recorded. The target FFT channel, i.e., the azimuth dimension FFT peak channel number; Perform decoupling on the row sampling data Point FFT transformation is performed to obtain the row frequency domain response. The point with the maximum amplitude is searched in the row frequency domain response, and the corresponding FFT channel number is recorded. The target FFT channel is the pitch dimension FFT peak channel number.

[0015] Optionally, based on the information from the target FFT channel obtained by peak detection, the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal are calculated, and the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source are output, including: Based on the following formula, The azimuth angle of the interference signal can be calculated in reverse. : ; Based on the following formula, The pitch angle of the interference signal can be calculated in reverse. : ; The result obtained from the reverse calculation and The azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source are output to complete a complete interference direction finding process.

[0016] Optionally, Take 6. Take 4. Take 2, Taking 3, the phased array radar's array surface consists of 24 subarrays, each subarray being composed of... It consists of 144 channels, with a total array size of 144 channels.

[0017] This application proposes a fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid digital-analog phased array radar, which achieves the following improvements compared with traditional jamming side-finding methods.

[0018] First, the direction finding speed is fast. This application only requires two sampling cycles to complete the interference direction finding, and the direction finding response time is on the order of microseconds. Compared with the wave-by-wave scanning mechanism of the traditional beam scanning method, the response speed is improved by more than an order of magnitude, which can meet the radar's requirements for rapid interference direction finding.

[0019] Second, it offers high direction-finding accuracy. This application achieves frequency domain analysis through FFT processing. Utilizing the fine resolution of the FFT channels, it can obtain angle estimation accuracy exceeding the antenna beamwidth, overcoming the limitation of traditional methods where resolution is restricted by beamwidth.

[0020] Third, the hardware cost is low. All operations of this application are achieved through software control, without the need for additional hardware equipment. It makes full use of the existing subarray structure and digital synthesis capabilities of hybrid phased array radar, achieving the direction-finding performance of a fully digital array radar while maintaining the advantage of low cost.

[0021] Fourth, high resource utilization. This application fully utilizes the array's spatial sampling capability by acquiring spatial sampling data across the entire spatial domain within two sampling periods. Compared to traditional scanning methods that can only receive signals from one direction at a time, this application significantly improves resource utilization.

[0022] Fifth, it has strong dynamic adaptability. Due to the extremely short direction finding time (only two sampling cycles are required), this application has good tracking capability for fast-moving interference sources, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional scanning methods where the target position may change. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The drawings described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid digital-analog phased array radar provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the row bevel sampling data acquisition process provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the column bevel sampling data acquisition process provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present application providing an azimuth-dimensional orientation map before and after row data decoupling; Figure 5 This is a pitch-dimensional radiation pattern before and after column data decoupling provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a direction finding error diagram provided in one embodiment of this application under different interference pointing conditions; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fast jamming direction finding system for a hybrid digital-analog phased array radar provided in another embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been provided in the embodiments of this application to facilitate better understanding. However, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented even without these technical details and various variations and modifications based on the following embodiments. The division of the following embodiments is for ease of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. The following embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0026] One embodiment of this application proposes a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar, which employs a hybrid system of intra-subarray analog synthesis and inter-subarray digital synthesis. The implementation details of the fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar proposed in this embodiment are described below. The following implementation details are provided for ease of understanding and are not necessary for implementing this solution.

[0027] The specific process of the fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid digital-analog phased array radar proposed in this embodiment can be described as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes: S1, in the jamming direction finding mode, the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarray of the phased array radar is controlled by software. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on, and the other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not go through the analog synthesis processing within the subarray.

[0028] Specifically, in the interference direction finding mode, this embodiment uses software to control the multi-channel receiving switches of the subarrays of the phased array radar array to ensure that only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on within the same sampling snapshot, while other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not undergo analog synthesis processing within the subarray.

[0029] In one example, the phased array radar's array surface is composed of... It consists of 10 subarrays, each subarray is composed of 10 subarrays. It consists of several channels, with a total array size of [missing information]. Each channel. When rapid jamming direction finding is required, the phased array radar is switched from normal operation mode to jamming direction finding mode. In jamming direction finding mode, the phased array radar only maintains the receiving state. The signal processor sends channel selection control commands to the phased array radar beam controller through the phased array radar's software interface to control the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarrays of the phased array radar array. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on, and the other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not undergo analog synthesis processing within the subarray.

[0030] In one example Take 6. Take 4. Take 2, Taking 3, the phased array radar's array surface consists of 24 subarrays, each subarray being composed of... It consists of 144 channels, with a total array size of 144 channels.

[0031] S2, based on the subarray position and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, controls different subarrays to open different receiving channels, so that the acquired sampling data forms an array face diagonal arrangement, and obtains row diagonal sampling data and column diagonal sampling data in two sampling periods respectively.

[0032] Specifically, after establishing the control of the multi-channel receiving switches of the subarrays of the phased array radar, different receiving channels of different subarrays can be opened according to the subarray position and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, so that the acquired sampling data forms an oblique arrangement of the array surface, and row oblique sampling data and column oblique sampling data are obtained in two sampling periods respectively.

[0033] In one example, the lower left corner of the array is defined as the origin of the subarray coordinates. The origin of the channel coordinates is the lower left corner inside the subarray. .like Figure 2 As shown, during the first sampling period, the control array's first... Arriving at the All of the lines The array only opens one receiving channel, the first The row array only opens the passage. ,right OK After the subarrays of a column are sampled quickly, they are arranged sequentially from left to right to obtain the row-diagonal sampled data. For example... Figure 3 As shown, during the second sampling period, the control array's first... Arriving at the All of the columns The row array only opens one receiving channel, the first The array only opens channels ,right List After the subarrays in each row are sampled quickly, they are arranged sequentially from top to bottom to obtain the diagonally sampled column data. Among them, , .

[0034] In one example Take 6. Take 4. Take 2, Take 3.

[0035] The first sampling period requires acquiring diagonally sampled row data. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the beam controller performs the following channel switching operations within the same sampling snapshot according to software instructions.

[0036] For the first row of subarrays ( arrive ), control each subarray to only open the bottom left channel. .

[0037] For the second row of subarrays ( arrive ), control each subarray to only open channels .

[0038] For the 3rd row subarray ( arrive ), control each subarray to only open channels .

[0039] For the subarrays in rows 4 to 6, this part of the subarray is useless for receiving, and the receiving channel switch can be completely turned off.

[0040] In this control method, 12 channels out of the 24 subarrays are simultaneously in receiving mode, and these 12 receiving channels are arranged diagonally in the azimuth dimension on the array surface. The received signals from these 12 channels are synchronously sampled, and the diagonally sampled data is arranged from left to right according to the subarray (…). , , , , , , Arrange them in the order of ) to form a row of oblique sampling data with a length of 12.

[0041] The second sampling period requires acquiring column diagonal sampling data. For example... Figure 3As shown, the beam controller performs the following channel switching operations within the same sampling snapshot according to software instructions.

[0042] For the first column of the subarray ( arrive ), control each subarray to only open the bottom left channel. .

[0043] For the second subarray ( arrive ), control each subarray to only open channels .

[0044] For the 3rd and 4th subarrays, this part of the subarray is useless for receiving, and the receiving channel switch can be completely turned off.

[0045] In this control method, 12 channels out of the 24 subarrays are simultaneously in receiving mode, and these 12 receiving channels are arranged diagonally in the elevation dimension on the array surface. The received signals from these 12 channels are synchronously sampled, and the diagonal sampling data is arranged from bottom to top of the subarray (…). , , , , , The data are arranged in the order of 12 to form a column of diagonal sampling data.

[0046] S3 decouples the row and column diagonal sampled data by dividing the row diagonal sampled data by the corresponding element in the column diagonal sampled data to obtain the row sampled data, and divides the column diagonal sampled data by the corresponding element in the row diagonal sampled data to obtain the column sampled data.

[0047] Specifically, the row and column bevel sampling data are arranged at an angle. Directly performing FFT processing introduces angular coupling errors, so decoupling processing is required. The row bevel sampling data is divided by the corresponding element in the column bevel sampling data to obtain the row sampling data, and the column bevel sampling data is divided by the corresponding element in the row bevel sampling data to obtain the column sampling data. The row bevel sampling data incorporates phase information introduced by the interference elevation angle, while the column bevel sampling data incorporates phase information introduced by the interference azimuth angle.

[0048] In one example, the diagonal sampling data is denoted as The column diagonal sampling data is The echo models for the two are expressed as follows: ; ; ; ; in, For continuous sampling time in the time domain, The index of the diagonal sampling data. The index of the diagonally sampled data. , , and All are echo amplitudes. The azimuth phase difference between adjacent array elements caused by interference azimuth pointing. For the operating wavelength, For the azimuth equivalent element spacing, To interfere with the pitch direction causing the pitch phase difference between adjacent array elements, The pitch dimension is the equivalent spacing between array elements.

[0049] Data sampled at an angle in the column Middle interval Take before Each element will Copy each element to This yields decoupled row vectors. , sampling data at an angle Decoupled row vectors Divide the corresponding elements to obtain the decoupled row sampling data. .

[0050] Data sampled at an angle in the row Middle interval Take before Each element will Copy each element to This yields a column decoupling column vector. , sample data at an angle Decoupled column vectors Divide the corresponding elements to obtain the decoupled row sampling data. .

[0051] S4. Perform FFT processing on the row sampled data and column sampled data respectively, and perform peak detection on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy.

[0052] Specifically, after obtaining the row sampling data and column sampling data, it is necessary to perform FFT processing on the row sampling data and column sampling data respectively, and perform peak detection on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy.

[0053] In one example, the decoupled column sampling data is processed... (Generally, a 32-point FFT transformation can be used to obtain the column frequency domain response. Search for the point with the maximum amplitude in the column frequency domain response and record its corresponding FFT channel number.) This refers to the target FFT channel, i.e., the peak channel number of the orientation-dimensional FFT. The decoupled row sampling data is then processed... Point FFT transformation is performed to obtain the row frequency domain response. The point with the maximum amplitude is searched in the row frequency domain response, and the corresponding FFT channel number is recorded. The target FFT channel is the pitch dimension FFT peak channel number.

[0054] S5, based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained by peak detection, calculates the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal and outputs the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source.

[0055] Specifically, after determining the target FFT channel, the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal can be calculated based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained from peak detection, and the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source can be output, thus completing a complete interference direction finding process.

[0056] In one example, based on the following formula... The azimuth angle of the interference signal can be calculated in reverse. : .

[0057] Then, based on the following formula, The pitch angle of the interference signal can be calculated in reverse. : .

[0058] Finally, we will calculate the result in reverse. and The azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source are output, thus completing a complete interference direction finding process.

[0059] This embodiment proposes a fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid digital-analog phased array radar, which achieves the following improvements compared with traditional jamming side-finding methods.

[0060] First, the direction finding speed is fast. This embodiment only requires two sampling cycles to complete the interference direction finding, and the direction finding response time is on the order of microseconds. Compared with the wave-by-wave scanning mechanism of the traditional beam scanning method, the response speed is improved by more than an order of magnitude, which can meet the radar's requirements for rapid interference direction finding.

[0061] Second, it offers high direction-finding accuracy. This embodiment achieves frequency domain analysis through FFT processing. Utilizing the fine resolution of the FFT channel, it can obtain angle estimation accuracy exceeding the antenna beamwidth, overcoming the limitation of traditional methods where resolution is restricted by beamwidth.

[0062] Third, the hardware cost is low. All operations in this embodiment are implemented entirely through software control, without the need for additional hardware equipment. It makes full use of the existing subarray structure and digital synthesis capabilities of the hybrid phased array radar, achieving the direction-finding performance of a fully digital array radar while maintaining the advantage of low cost.

[0063] Fourth, high resource utilization. This embodiment acquires spatial sampling data across the entire airspace within two sampling periods, fully utilizing the array's spatial sampling capabilities. Compared to traditional scanning methods that can only receive signals from one direction at a time, this embodiment significantly improves resource utilization.

[0064] Fifth, it has strong dynamic adaptability. Due to the extremely short direction-finding time (only two sampling cycles are required), this embodiment has good tracking capability for fast-moving interference sources, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional scanning methods where the target position may change.

[0065] The steps described above are merely for clarity in describing the technical solution. In actual implementation, they can be combined into one step, or certain steps can be broken down into multiple steps, as long as they involve the same logical relationship, they are all within the scope of protection of this application. Any insignificant modifications or designs added to the algorithm or process, as long as they do not change the core of the algorithm or process, are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] In one embodiment, we further validate the fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar through the following simulation experiment.

[0067] Simulation software platform: MATLAB.

[0068] Simulation experiment hardware platform: general-purpose computer.

[0069] Simulation experiment steps: 1) Based on the MATLAB simulation environment, according to Figure 2 , Figure 3 The array structure shown generates row and column diagonal sampling data, interfering with the azimuth dimension pointing... Interference with pitch direction The wavelength ratio between azimuth and elevation dimensions is 0.51, and the wavelength ratio between elevation dimensions is 0.59. Noise is added to the row and column oblique sampling data, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB.

[0070] 2) According to S3 in the above embodiment, the row diagonal sampling data and column diagonal sampling data are decoupled to obtain row sampling data and column sampling data.

[0071] 3) Under the interference direction set in this simulation experiment, refer to Figure 4 Row oblique sampling data before decoupling of directional dimensions With decoupled row sampling data FFT processing was performed on 32768 points to obtain the azimuth radiation pattern. Before decoupling, the radiation pattern had no obvious peak in the direction of interference, making it impossible to measure the direction of interference. After decoupling, the radiation pattern had a peak in the direction of interference, exhibiting obvious directionality, and thus enabling effective peak detection.

[0072] 4) Under the interference pointing conditions set in this simulation experiment, refer to Figure 5 The column slant sampling data before pitch dimension decoupling processing With decoupled row sampling data FFT processing was performed on 32768 points to obtain the pitch-dimensional radiation pattern. Before decoupling, the radiation pattern showed no obvious peak in the direction of the interference pitch, making it impossible to measure the interference pitch direction. After decoupling, the radiation pattern showed a peak in the direction of the interference pitch, exhibiting clear directionality and enabling effective peak detection.

[0073] 5) In arrive Between Multiple interference signals with azimuth and elevation directions are generated. In a scenario with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB, the fast interference direction finding method for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar proposed in this application is used to perform azimuth and elevation direction finding for each direction of interference. The interference direction finding errors in each direction are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in the figure. It can be seen that, under the above parameter settings, the interference direction finding error is within... Magnitude.

[0074] Simulation results: The row and column oblique angle sampling data for the proposed fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid digital-analog phased array radar was simulated using MATLAB. After decoupling processing, jamming direction finding was performed using a fully digital array radar method. Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The simulation results demonstrate that the fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid phased array radar proposed in this application is engineering feasible.

[0075] Another embodiment of this application proposes a fast jamming direction finding system for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar, which adopts a hybrid system of analog synthesis within subarrays and digital synthesis between subarrays. The details of the fast jamming direction finding system for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar proposed in this embodiment are described below. The following content is only for the convenience of understanding and is not necessary for implementing this solution. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fast interference direction finding system for a hybrid digital-analog phased array radar proposed in this embodiment, including: array channel selection control module M1, oblique angle sampling data acquisition module M2, oblique angle sampling data decoupling processing module M3, FFT and peak detection module M4, and angle inverse calculation and output module M5.

[0076] The array channel selection control module M1 is used to control the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarrays of the phased array radar via software in the interference direction finding mode. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on, and other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not undergo analog synthesis processing within the subarray.

[0077] The oblique sampling data acquisition module M2 is used to control different subarrays to open different receiving channels according to the subarray position and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, so that the acquired sampling data forms an oblique array arrangement, and obtains row oblique sampling data and column oblique sampling data in two sampling periods respectively.

[0078] The oblique sampling data decoupling processing module M3 is used to decouple the row oblique sampling data and the column oblique sampling data. It divides the row oblique sampling data by the corresponding element in the column oblique sampling data to obtain the row sampling data, and divides the column oblique sampling data by the corresponding element in the row oblique sampling data to obtain the column sampling data. The row oblique sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference elevation angle, and the column oblique sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference azimuth angle.

[0079] The FFT and peak detection module M4 is used to perform FFT processing on row sampled data and column sampled data respectively, and to perform peak detection on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy.

[0080] The angle inverse calculation and output module M5 is used to inversely calculate the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained by peak detection, and output the azimuth estimation result and elevation estimation result of the interference source.

[0081] It is worth noting that all modules involved in this embodiment are logical modules. In practical applications, a logical module can be a physical module, a part of a physical module, or an organic combination of multiple physical modules. Furthermore, to highlight the innovative aspects of this application, this embodiment does not introduce modules that are not closely related to solving the technical problems proposed in this application. However, this does not mean that other modules are absent from this embodiment.

[0082] It is not difficult to see that this embodiment is a system embodiment corresponding to the above method embodiments, and this embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with the above method embodiments. The relevant technical details and technical effects mentioned in the above method embodiments are still valid in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in this embodiment can also be applied to the above method embodiments.

[0083] Another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device, such as Figure 8 As shown, it includes a processor H1 and a memory H2. The memory H2 stores instructions that the processor H1 can execute. When the processor H1 is configured to execute the instructions, the electronic device can realize a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid digital-analog phased array radar as described in the above method embodiment.

[0084] The memory and processor are connected via a bus, which includes any number of interconnecting buses and bridges. The bus can connect various circuits of one or more processors and memories, as well as other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits—all well-known in the art and therefore not described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver can be a single component or multiple components, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Data processed by the processor is transmitted over the wireless medium via an antenna, which also receives and transmits data to the processor.

[0085] The processor manages the bus and handles general processing, providing various functions, including but not limited to timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. Memory, on the other hand, is used to store data used by the processor during operation.

[0086] Another embodiment of this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, enables a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar as described in the above method embodiments.

[0087] That is, those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the above method embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (such as a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the method embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0088] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are specific implementations of this application, and various changes in form and detail can be made in practical applications without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar, employing a hybrid system of intra-subarray analog synthesis and inter-subarray digital synthesis, characterized in that, The method includes: S1, in the jamming direction finding mode, the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarray of the phased array radar is controlled by software. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on and the other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not go through the analog synthesis processing within the subarray. S2, according to the position of the subarray and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, control different subarrays to open different receiving channels, so that the acquired sampling data forms an array diagonal arrangement, and obtain row diagonal sampling data and column diagonal sampling data in two sampling periods respectively. S3. Decouple the row and column angle sampling data by dividing the row angle sampling data by the corresponding element in the column angle sampling data to obtain the row sampling data, and divide the column angle sampling data by the corresponding element in the row angle sampling data to obtain the column sampling data. The row angle sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference pitch angle, and the column angle sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference azimuth angle. S4. Perform FFT processing on the row sampled data and column sampled data respectively, and perform peak detection on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy. S5, based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained by peak detection, calculates the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal and outputs the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source.

2. The fast interference direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The array surface of a phased array radar is composed of It consists of 10 subarrays, each subarray is composed of 10 subarrays. It consists of several channels, with a total array size of [missing information]. One channel; When rapid jamming direction finding is required, the phased array radar is switched from normal operation mode to jamming direction finding mode. In jamming direction finding mode, the phased array radar only maintains the receiving state. The signal processor sends channel selection control commands to the phased array radar beam controller through the phased array radar software interface to control the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarrays of the phased array radar array. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on, and other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not undergo analog synthesis processing within the subarray.

3. The fast interference direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower left corner of the array is designated as the origin of the subarray coordinates. The origin of the channel coordinates is the lower left corner inside the subarray. Based on the subarray positions and channel arrangement within the subarrays, different receiving channels are opened in different subarrays, causing the acquired sampling data to form an array with diagonal arrangement. Row diagonal sampling data and column diagonal sampling data are obtained in two sampling periods, including: During the first sampling period, the control array's first... Arriving at the All of the lines The array only opens one receiving channel, the first The row array only opens the passage. ,right OK After the subarrays of the column are sampled using a quick snapshot, they are arranged sequentially from left to right to obtain the row-diagonal sampled data; among them, ; During the second sampling period, the control array's first... Arriving at the All of the columns The row array only opens one receiving channel, the first The array only opens channels ,right List After the subarrays in each row are sampled quickly, they are arranged sequentially from top to bottom to obtain the column diagonal sampling data; among them, .

4. The fast interference direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar according to claim 3, characterized in that, Record the diagonal sampling data as The column diagonal sampling data is The echo models for the two are expressed as follows: ； ； ； ； in, For continuous sampling time in the time domain, The index of the diagonal sampling data. The index of the diagonally sampled data. , , and All are echo amplitudes. The azimuth phase difference between adjacent array elements caused by interference azimuth pointing. For the operating wavelength, For the azimuth equivalent element spacing, To interfere with the pitch direction causing the pitch phase difference between adjacent array elements, The pitch dimension is the equivalent spacing between array elements; The row and column diagonal sampled data are decoupled. The row diagonal sampled data is divided by the corresponding element in the column diagonal sampled data to obtain the row sampled data, and the column diagonal sampled data is divided by the corresponding element in the row diagonal sampled data to obtain the column sampled data, including: Data sampled at an angle in the column Middle interval Take before Each element will Copy each element to This yields decoupled row vectors. , sampling data at an angle Decoupled row vectors Divide the corresponding elements to obtain the decoupled row sampling data; Data sampled at an angle in the row Middle interval Take before Each element will Copy each element to This yields a column decoupling column vector. , sample data at an angle Decoupled column vectors Divide the corresponding elements to obtain the decoupled column sampling data.

5. A fast interference direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar according to claim 4, characterized in that, FFT processing is performed on both row-sampled and column-sampled data, and peak detection is performed on the FFT results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy, including: Perform column sampling on the decoupled data Point FFT transformation is performed to obtain the column frequency domain response. The point with the maximum amplitude is searched in the column frequency domain response, and its corresponding FFT channel number is recorded. The target FFT channel, i.e., the azimuth dimension FFT peak channel number; Perform decoupling on the row sampling data Point FFT transformation is performed to obtain the row frequency domain response. The point with the maximum amplitude is searched in the row frequency domain response, and the corresponding FFT channel number is recorded. The target FFT channel is the pitch dimension FFT peak channel number.

6. A fast interference direction finding method for hybrid analog-digital phased array radar according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the target FFT channel information obtained from peak detection, the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal are calculated, and the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source are output, including: Based on the following formula, The azimuth angle of the interference signal can be calculated in reverse. : ； Based on the following formula, The pitch angle of the interference signal can be calculated in reverse. : ； The result obtained from the reverse calculation and The azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source are output to complete a complete interference direction finding process.

7. A fast interference direction finding method for hybrid phased array radar according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, Take 6. Take 4. Take 2, Taking 3, the phased array radar's array surface consists of 24 subarrays, each subarray being composed of... It consists of 144 channels, with a total array size of 144 channels.

8. A fast jamming direction finding system for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar, employing a hybrid system of intra-subarray analog synthesis and inter-subarray digital synthesis, characterized in that, The system includes: The array channel selection control module is used to control the multi-channel receiving switch of the subarrays of the phased array radar via software in the interference direction finding mode. Within the same sampling snapshot, only one receiving channel of each subarray is turned on, and other receiving channels are turned off, so that the received signal does not go through the analog synthesis processing within the subarray. The oblique sampling data acquisition module is used to control different subarrays to open different receiving channels according to the subarray position and the channel arrangement inside the subarray, so that the acquired sampling data forms an oblique array arrangement, and obtains row oblique sampling data and column oblique sampling data in two sampling periods respectively. The oblique sampling data decoupling module is used to decouple the row oblique sampling data and the column oblique sampling data. It divides the row oblique sampling data by the corresponding element in the column oblique sampling data to obtain the row sampling data, and divides the column oblique sampling data by the corresponding element in the row oblique sampling data to obtain the column sampling data. The row oblique sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference elevation angle, and the column oblique sampling data is coupled with the phase information introduced by the interference azimuth angle. The FFT and peak detection module is used to perform FFT processing on row sampled data and column sampled data respectively, and to perform peak detection on the FFT processing results to select the target FFT channel corresponding to the maximum energy. The angle inverse calculation and output module is used to inversely calculate the azimuth and elevation angles of the interference signal based on the information of the target FFT channel obtained by peak detection, and output the azimuth and elevation estimation results of the interference source.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The processor and memory, wherein the memory stores instructions that the processor can execute, and the processor is configured to, when executing the instructions, enable the electronic device to implement a fast jamming direction finding method for a hybrid analog-digital phased array radar as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement a fast jamming direction finding method for hybrid phased array radar as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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