A wild animal tracking device based on Beidou positioning

Abstract

The application discloses a wild animal tracking device based on Beidou positioning, and relates to the technical field of wild animal monitoring, which comprises an inner ring frame, the outer surface of the inner ring frame is provided with an outer ring belt, a positive main box is arranged above the outer ring belt, the upper surface of the positive main box is provided with an antenna cover, the bottom of the outer ring belt is further provided with a bottom motor box, a connecting line pipe is connected between the bottom motor box and the positive main box, the middle section of the connecting line pipe is located inside the outer ring belt, the outer surface of the inner ring frame is further provided with a thimble mechanism, the thimble mechanism comprises an inner ring assembly and an outer ring assembly, the outer ring assembly comprises a top mounting table, the two side surfaces of the top mounting table are both provided with side limiting plates, and the top mounting table is located on the upper surface of the outer ring belt.In the scheme, the thimble mechanism is arranged, full-pose active antenna back-to-normal is realized, a zero-power photovoltaic unfolding mechanism triggered by gravity is combined, and the Beidou signal stability and equipment endurance capability in a complex motion environment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wildlife monitoring technology, specifically to a wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning. Background Technology

[0002] With the maturity and widespread adoption of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology, satellite-based wildlife tracking has become an indispensable core technology for ecological, conservation biology, and behavioral research. In particular, China's independently developed BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), with its global coverage, high-precision positioning services, and short message communication features, provides a solid data link guarantee for monitoring animal activity in complex wild environments. By deploying lightweight tracking terminals around the necks of wild animals, researchers can continuously acquire high spatiotemporal resolution location information, thereby analyzing species migration corridors, home ranges, habitat preferences, and interspecific competition, providing a scientific basis for decision-making in endangered species protection, nature reserve planning, and human-wildlife conflict mitigation.

[0003] Existing technologies generally lack effective dynamic alignment mechanisms. Conventional tracking collars typically employ fixed or simple suspension installation structures, with their antenna pointing entirely dependent on the animal's natural neck posture. This fails to actively counteract the multidimensional angular momentum interference generated when the animal runs, jumps, or lowers its head to forage. When the animal is not stationary, the collar body often experiences violent pitch and roll movements along with the neck, causing the BeiDou antenna to lose its optimal elevation angle. This leads to satellite signal blockage, enhanced multipath effects, and a deteriorated carrier-to-noise ratio, severely restricting the continuity and availability of positioning data. To address this issue, some high-end devices have attempted to introduce active alignment systems composed of micro servo motors and MEMS attitude sensors, using closed-loop control to drive the antenna back to center in real time. However, such electronic drive solutions have significant physical limitations. The continuous start-stop of the servo motor and attitude calculation result in extremely high peak and average power consumption, significantly consuming the already limited battery capacity and causing the device's battery life to shorten exponentially. Furthermore, precision mechanical components such as motors and reduction gears are prone to wear, jamming, or electronic failure in high-humidity, high-dust, and high-intensity vibration environments in the field, increasing the system's failure rate and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution, including:

[0006] The inner ring frame has an outer ring belt fitted on its outer surface. A positioning main box is located above the outer ring belt, and an antenna cover is located on the upper surface of the positioning main box. A bottom motor box is also located at the bottom of the outer ring belt. A connecting pipe connects the bottom motor box and the positioning main box. The middle section of the connecting pipe is located inside the outer ring belt. The outer surface of the inner ring frame also has a collar mechanism, which includes an inner ring assembly and an outer ring assembly. The inner ring assembly includes an inner ring telescopic belt, and both ends of the inner ring telescopic belt are provided with locking teeth. Both locking teeth are located inside the inner ring frame. Two limiting teeth are also provided inside the inner ring frame.

[0007] The outer ring assembly includes: a top mounting platform, with side limiting plates on both sides of the top mounting platform, the top mounting platform being located on the upper surface of the outer ring belt, a top base box being located at the center of the upper surface of the top mounting platform, a base slide being located on the inner bottom surface of the top base box, a bottom arc block being located above the base slide, an inner alignment box being located on the upper surface of the bottom arc block, connecting shafts being located on both sides of the inner alignment box, an arc-shaped base being located on the inner bottom surface of the inner alignment box, the bottom surface of the arc-shaped base being connected to the bottom arc block, a central slot being formed at the center of the arc-shaped base and the bottom arc block, and an alignment main platform being located inside the inner alignment box.

[0008] Furthermore, a lifting rod is provided on one side surface of the limiting tooth block, and a limiting spring is connected between the lifting rod and the inner ring frame. Limiting arc plates are provided on both sides of the inner ring frame, and two limiting cross plates are provided between the two limiting arc plates. A main limiting plate is provided on the opposite side surface of the two limiting arc plates.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the main positioning platform is provided with an internal arc block, and two connecting shafts are also provided on both sides of the internal arc block. Each connecting shaft is provided with a side limiting protrusion on both sides of its side surface. The inner side surfaces of the top base box and the inner positioning box are provided with damping baffles that cooperate with the side limiting protrusions. The bottom surface of the internal arc block is provided with a bottom load block, and the bottom load block and the bottom arc block are both provided with internal weight blocks.

[0010] Furthermore, buffer plates are provided on both sides of the main platform, and a bottom auxiliary frame is provided on the bottom surface of the outer ring belt. A limiting ball groove is provided at the center of the bottom auxiliary frame. The bottom motor box is located on the bottom surface of the bottom auxiliary frame. A limiting rod is provided on the upper surface of the bottom motor box. Two limiting balls are provided at the center of the limiting rod. The two limiting balls are located on the upper and lower sides of the limiting ball groove, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer ring assembly also includes a photovoltaic component, which includes two additional photovoltaic boxes, both of which are disposed on the upper surface of the top mounting platform. One side surface of each additional photovoltaic box has an exit groove, and one inner side surface of each additional photovoltaic box has a trigger box.

[0012] Furthermore, the trigger box is provided with an inclined slide, and a pressure ball is provided inside the inclined slide. A lifting trigger is provided at the center of the inclined slide. A top-to-bottom stake is provided on the bottom surface of the lifting trigger. Side pressure plates are provided on both sides of the lifting trigger. A small spring is provided between the side pressure plates and the trigger box.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner bottom surface of the additional photovoltaic box is also provided with a bottom sliding plate, the upper surface of the bottom sliding plate is provided with a force-bearing crossbeam, one side surface of the force-bearing crossbeam is provided with a top contact arc block, one side surface of the force-bearing crossbeam is provided with two connecting rods, one end of the connecting rod is provided with a top contact roller, both sides of the additional photovoltaic box are provided with connecting side rods, a rotatable flip-over frame plate is provided between the two connecting side rods, the upper surface of the flip-over frame plate is provided with a hook block that cooperates with the top contact roller, the bottom surface of the flip-over frame plate is provided with a slide rail, and the inside of the slide rail is provided with a slider.

[0014] Furthermore, the interior of the additional photovoltaic box is also provided with a sliding plate frame, and a connecting shaft is provided between the sliding plate frame and the slider. A photovoltaic panel is provided at the center of the sliding plate frame, and a power transmission cable is provided on one side of the photovoltaic panel. The inner side surface of the additional photovoltaic box is provided with a wire-fixing side plate for fixing the power transmission cable, and one end of the power transmission cable is connected to the interior of the connecting conduit.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. In this solution, a composite orthopedic system of "gravity energy dissipation - ball joint return - dual-axis decoupling" is constructed by setting an outer ring component. This overcomes the limitations of existing collars that rely solely on a single counterweight or passive suspension to maintain posture. The bottom motor box, as a concentrated mass block, utilizes the inertial hysteresis effect to reduce the transmission gain of animal neck movement to the positioning module. When left or right twisting occurs, the ball joint formed by the limiting ball bearings within the limiting ball groove allows the outer ring around the neck axis to quickly slide and reset, solving the azimuth drift problem. More importantly, the internal orthopedic box and the orthopedic main platform constitute a two-stage pitch decoupling system. The coupling mechanism, with the bottom arc block cooperating with the internal weight block, is specifically used to correct the forward and backward pitch offset caused by the animal's head tilting / raising. The internal arc block cooperating with the bottom load block is specifically used to correct the left and right tilt offset. Through the gradient mass distribution of the bottom load block (primary counterweight), the internal arc block (secondary counterweight), and the bottom arc block (tertiary counterweight), it ensures that the center of gravity is always below the axis of rotation. It actively counteracts centrifugal force and inertial force by using gravitational torque, so that the radome always maintains the optimal elevation angle in three-dimensional space, which significantly improves the carrier-to-noise ratio and positioning availability of Beidou signal in complex motion environments.

[0017] 2. In this solution, the inclusion of an inner ring component addresses the problem that traditional wildlife tracking collars cannot adapt to animal growth, development, and individual differences. The inner ring telescopic band employs a modular locking tooth block design, achieving unidirectional locking through engagement with the inclined surface of the limiting tooth block. When the animal's neck grows, causing an increase in circumference, the locking tooth block generates a downward force on the limiting tooth block, forcing the lifting rod to compress the limiting spring and slide along the inclined surface, achieving adaptive release. This avoids the risk of collar tightening due to neck thickening without manual intervention. Simultaneously, the limiting arc plate and the main limiting plate form a three-dimensional constraint boundary. The limiting crossplate effectively prevents the outer ring component from radially dislodging when the animal runs violently or crawls through bushes, while the outward expansion contour of the main limiting plate acts as a physical mudguard, reducing the adhesion of dirt to the surface of the main housing and antenna cover. This structure overcomes the limitations of traditional Velcro or fixed apertures that are not adjustable, achieving full life-cycle compatibility from juvenile to adult, significantly reducing the cost of re-capture and adjustment of equipment in long-term ecological monitoring, and improving the biological safety of wearing the device.

[0018] 3. In this solution, by incorporating photovoltaic components, the defects of existing solar collars caused by continuous exposure, such as dust accumulation, wear, and accidental triggering, are overcome. The outer ring component's gravity-based return state serves as the trigger source. When the device is in the upright position (antenna facing upwards), the pressure-contact ball in the trigger box rolls down along the inclined slide, driving the lifting trigger to press down. Through a rigid transmission chain of top-to-bottom pile - top-to-arc block - connecting support rod, the flipping frame is pushed to unhook and flip, and then the sliding plate is pushed out of the additional photovoltaic box via the connecting shaft. This purely mechanical linkage mechanism completely avoids the risk of electronic component failure in harsh outdoor environments, strictly limiting the exposure of the photovoltaic panel to a safe and efficient light-receiving posture. It automatically retracts when not in the upright or lying position, effectively extending the service life of the photovoltaic panel. Combined with the bottom motor box, it forms a dual redundant power supply architecture of "active energy + auxiliary energy," improving the device's endurance in cloudy and rainy weather and high-latitude regions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner ring component structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the orthogonal main box and the internal orthogonal box structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal orthogonal box structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main platform and bottom load-bearing block structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the additional photovoltaic box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the trigger box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom attachment frame and bottom motor box structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Inner ring frame; 2. Inner ring telescopic belt; 3. Outer ring belt; 4. Bottom auxiliary frame; 5. Connecting conduit; 6. Limiting arc plate; 7. Top mounting platform; 8. Side limiting plate; 9. Additional photovoltaic box; 10. Top base box; 11. Positive positioning main box; 12. Antenna cover; 13. Main limiting plate; 14. Limiting cross plate; 15. Locking tooth block; 16. Limiting tooth block; 17. Lifting rod; 18. Limiting spring; 19. Buffer plate; 20. Internal positive positioning box; 21. Connecting shaft; 22. Side limiting protrusion; 23. Bottom arc block; 24. Internal weight block; 25. Center slot; 26. Bottom motor box; 27. Arc-shaped base; 28. Damping baffle; 29. ​​Bottom load block; 30. Internal arc block; 31. Positive positioning main platform; 32. Trigger box; 33. Top contact arc block; 34. Force-bearing cross frame; 35. Bottom sliding plate; 36. Connecting support rod; 37. Top contact roller; 38. Tilting frame plate; 39. Connecting side rod; 40. Connecting shaft; 41. Sliding plate frame; 42. Photovoltaic panel; 43. Power transmission cable; 44. Fixed cable side plate; 45. Angled slide; 46. Pressure contact ball; 47. Lifting trigger; 48. Side pressure contact piece; 49. Small spring; 50. Top contact bottom pile; 51. Restricting ball groove; 52. Restricting ball. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning includes:

[0030] The inner ring frame 1, as the core load-bearing base of the ring mechanism, is integrally molded from lightweight, high-strength titanium alloy. The outer periphery of the inner ring frame 1 is designed as an arc shape to adapt to the curvature of an animal's neck. Its inner ring surface is padded with a medical-grade silicone cushioning layer, ensuring both wearing comfort and improved fit to the neck. An outer ring strap 3 is fitted onto the outer surface of the inner ring frame 1. Above the outer ring strap 3 is the positioning main box 11, which serves as the core carrier of the Beidou positioning module. Internally, it integrates a low-noise amplifier... The baseband processing chip and data storage unit have an antenna cover 12 fixed to their upper surface via a threaded connection. The antenna cover 12 is also located on the upper surface of the main housing 11. A bottom motor housing 26 is located at the bottom of the outer ring 3. A connecting conduit 5 connects the bottom motor housing 26 and the main housing 11, with the middle section of the connecting conduit 5 located inside the outer ring 3. A collar mechanism is also provided on the outer surface of the inner ring frame 1. The collar mechanism includes an inner ring assembly and an outer ring assembly. The inner ring assembly serves as a wearing adjustment unit. The inner ring telescopic belt 2 has locking teeth 15 at both ends, both of which are located inside the inner ring frame 1. The inner ring frame 1 also has two limiting teeth 16 inside. A lifting rod 17 is provided on one side of each limiting tooth 16, and a limiting spring 18 connects the lifting rod 17 to the inner ring frame 1. Limiting arc plates 6 are provided on both sides of the inner ring frame 1, and two limiting cross plates 14 are provided between the two limiting arc plates 6. The upper surface of the limiting cross plates 14 is flush with the inner ring. The outer surface of the frame 1 is flush with the inner surface, which together form the axial limiting structure of the outer ring belt 3 to prevent the outer ring belt 3 from falling off the inner ring frame 1 when the animal shakes its head violently. The two limiting arc plates 6 are provided with main limiting plates 13 on opposite sides. The main limiting plates 13 extend outward and form an obtuse angle bending structure. The height of their outer edge is higher than the upper surface of the main box 11, forming a physical protective barrier to effectively block branches, vines and other debris from directly hitting the main box 11 and the antenna cover 12, so as to avoid the antenna signal being blocked or the equipment being damaged.

[0031] When using this device, the inner ring assembly is installed around the animal's neck, while the outer ring assembly is used to send signals and locate the animal using BeiDou navigation. In operation, the operator first opens the outer ring strap 3 from the buckle on the side surface. Then, they pull the two lifting rods 17, causing the two limiting blocks 16 to rise and disengage from the locking blocks 15. At this point, the length of the inner ring telescopic strap 2 can be adjusted by slipping it over the animal's head and adjusting its length according to the animal's neck thickness. The operator then releases the lifting rods 17, allowing the limiting blocks 16 to engage the locking blocks 15. The inner ring telescopic strap 2 is now positioned around the animal's neck. As the animal grows, its neck gradually becomes thicker, which gradually pulls down the locking tooth block 15. The locking tooth block 15 will also gradually slide over the surface of the limiting tooth block 16, and will gradually relax as the neck width increases. When in use, the outer ring assembly mainly contacts the upper surface of the inner ring frame 1. The two limiting arc plates 6 on the upper surface of the inner ring frame 1 can exert a limiting effect on the outer ring assembly. The limiting cross plate 14 between the two limiting arc plates 6 is used to prevent the outer ring assembly from detaching from the upper surface of the inner ring frame 1. The main limiting plate 13 on the side surface of the two limiting arc plates 6 is used to prevent debris from sticking to the surface of the main box 11 and the antenna cover 12 when the animal is running.

[0032] The outer ring assembly, as the core functional unit for achieving autonomous antenna attitude calibration, includes: a top mounting platform 7, with side limiting plates 8 on both sides of the top mounting platform 7; the top mounting platform 7 is engaged with the mounting protrusion on the upper surface of the outer ring belt 3 via a T-shaped slot at the bottom, with a shock-absorbing rubber pad between them to absorb high-frequency vibrations; a top base box 10 is located at the center of the upper surface of the top mounting platform 7, serving as the housing for the alignment mechanism; its inner bottom surface has a base slide table precision ground; a bottom arc block 23 is located above the base slide table; and the upper surface of the bottom arc block 23... The top base box 1 is provided with an internal positioning box 20. Connecting shafts 21 are provided on both sides of the internal positioning box 20. An arc-shaped base 27 is provided on the bottom surface of the internal positioning box 20, and the bottom surface of the arc-shaped base 27 is connected to a bottom arc block 23. A central slot 25 is provided at the center of the arc-shaped base 27 and the bottom arc block 23. An internal positioning main platform 31 is also provided inside the internal positioning box 20. An internal arc block 30 is provided on the bottom surface of the main platform 31. Two connecting shafts 21 are also provided on both sides of the internal arc block 30. Side limiting protrusions 22 are provided on both sides of each connecting shaft 21. Both sides of the inner surfaces of the 0 and the inner positioning box 20 are provided with damping baffles 28 that cooperate with the side limiting protrusions 22. The damping baffles 28 adopt a composite structure of high-damping silicone rubber and metal skeleton, and their surfaces are processed with grid-like anti-slip textures to provide nonlinear damping torque and suppress overshoot oscillations during the positioning process. The bottom surface of the inner arc block 30 is provided with a bottom load block 29. The bottom load block 29 and the bottom arc block 23 are both provided with internal weight blocks 24. Both sides of the positioning main platform 31 are provided with buffer plates 19. The bottom surface of the outer ring belt 3 is also provided with a bottom auxiliary frame 4. A limiting ball groove 51 is provided at the center. The bottom motor box 26 is located on the bottom surface of the bottom auxiliary frame 4. A limiting rod is vertically welded at the center of the upper surface of the bottom motor box 26. Two limiting balls 52 are installed at the center of the limiting rod through bearings. The two limiting balls 52 are located on the upper and lower sides of the limiting ball groove 51 respectively, forming a ball joint connection with the inner wall of the limiting ball groove 51. This allows the bottom motor box 26 to swing freely in three-dimensional space, while limiting its maximum deflection angle. This ensures that the center of gravity of the bottom motor box 26 always points to the center of the earth in any posture of the animal, providing a stable gravity reference for the return of the outer ring belt 3.

[0033] The outer ring assembly is used to continuously locate the animal's position using BeiDou navigation. However, during use, as the animal moves, the positioning master box 11 on the existing positioning collar often shifts, affecting the BeiDou positioning signal reception. During use, the bottom motor box 26 provides power and load-bearing positioning to the positioning master box 11. When the animal moves, it moves the inner ring assembly, which mainly contacts its neck. Due to the load-bearing effect of the bottom motor box 26, the outer ring assembly slides on the upper surface of the inner ring frame 1 via the upper half of the outer ring strap 3, preventing it from completely following the inner ring assembly and thus reducing the degree of movement of the outer ring assembly compared to the inner ring. The components generate a strong weakening effect. Even if the animal moves a large range, causing the outer ring component to deviate along with the inner ring component after weakening the force transmitted by the inner ring component, the limiting ball 52 will slide inside the limiting ball groove 51 under the gravity of the bottom motor box 26, causing the bottom motor box 26 and the entire limiting rod to deflect downwards. This causes the entire outer ring belt 3 to slide faster on the upper surface of the inner ring frame 1 and return to the correct position. This method is used to solve the left and right displacement of the correct position main box 11. When the animal lowers its head or raises its head, the correct position main box 11 will cause the antenna cover 12 to shift forward and backward. At this time, the internal structure of the top base box 10 begins to play a role, because the animal lowering its head or raising its head causes... The degree and frequency of forward and backward offset are less than the degree and frequency of offset in the direction of action during running. The internal orthogonal positioning box 11 is equipped with deflection and orthogonal positioning functions for both forward and backward and left and right directions. The orthogonal positioning capability is designed to enhance the strength of the original left and right position adjustment capability. When a forward and backward offset occurs, the bottom arc block 23 on the bottom surface of the internal orthogonal positioning box 20 will rotate along the connecting shafts 21 on both sides under the load of the internal weight block 24. This allows the orthogonal positioning box 11 to be orthogonalized independently while the entire inner ring telescopic belt 2 is deflected. When a left and right offset occurs, the internal arc block 30 on the bottom surface of the orthogonal positioning platform 31 will rotate under the load of the internal weight block 34. Under the load of the weight block 29, the positioning main platform 31 is rotated along the connecting shafts 21 on both the front and rear sides, thereby driving the positioning main box 11 above the positioning main platform 31 to be positioned independently. The bottom weight block 29 is made of high-density tungsten alloy, and its mass accounts for half of the total mass of the outer ring assembly. The internal cavities of the bottom weight block 29 and the bottom arc block 23 are encapsulated with internal weight blocks 24, which are made of lead-tin alloy. By precisely controlling the ratio of each weight block, the mass of the bottom weight block 29 is greater than the combined mass of the internal arc block 30 and the positioning main box 11, and the mass of the bottom arc block 23 is greater than the combined mass of the bottom weight block 29, forming a gradient mass distribution to ensure that the gravitational torque always drives the positioning main platform 31 back to a horizontal posture.

[0034] The outer ring assembly also includes a photovoltaic component, which includes: two auxiliary photovoltaic boxes 9, both of which are mounted on the upper surface of the top mounting platform 7. One side surface of each auxiliary photovoltaic box 9 has an exit groove. One inner side surface of each auxiliary photovoltaic box 9 has a trigger box 32. Inside the trigger box 32 is an inclined slide 45, and inside the inclined slide 45 is a pressure-contact ball 46. A lifting trigger 47 is located at the center of the inclined slide 45. The bottom surface of the lifting trigger 47 has a top-contact bottom post 50. Both sides of the lifting trigger 47 have side pressure contact pieces 48, and a small spring 49 is installed between the side pressure contact pieces 48 and the trigger box 32. The bottom inner surface of the auxiliary photovoltaic box 9 also has a bottom sliding plate 35. The upper surface of the bottom sliding plate 35 has a force-bearing crossbar 34, and one side surface of the force-bearing crossbar 34 has a top-contact arc block 3. 3. Two connecting rods 36 are provided on one side surface of the load-bearing cross frame 34. One end of the connecting rod 36 is provided with a top contact roller 37. Both sides of the auxiliary photovoltaic box 9 are provided with connecting side rods 39. A rotatable flip-up frame plate 38 is provided between the two connecting side rods 39. A hook block that cooperates with the top contact roller 37 is provided on the upper surface of the flip-up frame plate 38. A slide is provided on the bottom surface of the flip-up frame plate 38. A slider is provided inside the slide. A sliding plate frame 41 is also provided inside the auxiliary photovoltaic box 9. A connecting shaft 40 is provided between the sliding plate frame 41 and the slider. A photovoltaic panel 42 is provided at the center of the sliding plate frame 41. A power transmission cable 43 is provided on one side of the photovoltaic panel 42. A wire-fixing side plate 44 for fixing the power transmission cable 43 is provided on the inner side surface of the auxiliary photovoltaic box 9. One end of the power transmission cable 43 is connected to the inside of the connecting conduit 5.

[0035] The photovoltaic components rely on the alignment effect of the outer ring module. When in alignment, they can receive sunlight from the field to provide auxiliary power to the alignment main box 11. This, together with the bottom motor box 26, enables the alignment main box 11 to generate stronger endurance and ensure a more stable and long-term signal tracking effect. During use, when the top mounting platform 7 reaches the alignment position as the outer ring belt 3 returns to center, the pressure contact ball 46 in the trigger box 32 inside the auxiliary photovoltaic box 9 will roll downwards under gravity until it reaches the lowest point. The lifting trigger 47 is lowered by pressure, and the side pressure contacts 48 on both sides of the lifting trigger 47 compress the small spring 49. When the outer ring belt 3 is in a deviated state, after the pressure contact ball 46 rolls open, the lifting trigger 47 can quickly reset under the action of the small spring 49. When the lifting trigger 47 is lowered by the pressure of the pressure contact ball 46, the top contact bottom pile 50 will also lower synchronously, pushing the top contact arc block 33 forward. The top contact arc block 33 drives the bottom slide plate 35 to move a certain distance. This causes the connecting rod 36 to move towards the exit groove on the side surface of the additional photovoltaic box 9. As the connecting rod 36 moves, it causes the top contact roller 37 to slide within the hook block on the upper surface of the flipping frame plate 38. This causes the flipping frame plate 38 to rotate and tip over along the connecting side rod 39 because it loses the hooking effect of the top contact roller 37. After the flipping frame plate 38 tip over, the slider on the bottom surface of the flipping frame plate 38 slides within its bottom track, moving from one end of the flipping frame plate 38 to the other end. During this process, it drives... The connecting shaft 40 is rotated, and the sliding plate frame 41 is pushed out from the inside of the exit groove, thereby exposing the photovoltaic panel 42 at its center to the outside of the auxiliary photovoltaic box 9, so as to receive sunlight from above for photovoltaic power generation. The generated electricity is transmitted to the inside of the main box 11 through the power transmission cable 43. Two cables are installed inside the connecting conduit 5, one is the power transmission cable 43, and the other is the main wire for transmitting power to the bottom motor box 26. Both the power transmission cable 43 and the main wire are connected to one side surface of the main box 11.

[0036] The working principle of this invention is:

[0037] This wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning achieves adaptive wearing, precise positioning, and long-term power supply through the collaboration of inner ring components, outer ring components, and photovoltaic components. In the inner ring component, the operator opens the buckle of the outer ring strap 3, pulls the lifting rod 17 to raise the limiting tooth block 16, adjusts the length of the inner ring telescopic strap 2 to fit the animal's neck, and after releasing, the limiting tooth block 16 engages with the locking tooth block 15 to fix it. When the animal grows, its neck pulls on the inner ring telescopic strap 2, and the locking tooth block 15 slides past the limiting tooth block 16 and automatically releases. The limiting arc plate 6 and the main limiting plate 13 prevent it from falling off. It can adapt to different body shapes without tools.

[0038] After the outer ring assembly is worn, the internal weight block 24 of the bottom motor box 26 provides load, and the outer ring belt 3 slides around the inner ring frame 1 to weaken the force transmitted by the animal's movement. If it is still misaligned, the limiting ball 52 slides in the limiting ball groove 51, which drives the outer ring belt 3 to quickly return to the correct position (left and right direction). When the animal lowers / raises its head, the internal positioning box 20 rotates around the connecting shaft 21 through the bottom arc block 23 (front and back direction), and the positioning main platform 31 rotates around the connecting shaft 21 through the internal arc block 30 (left and right direction). The weight gradient design of the bottom weight block 29 (bottom weight block 29 > internal arc block 30 > positioning main platform 11) ensures rapid positioning and avoids signal deviation.

[0039] In the photovoltaic component, when the outer ring belt 3 returns to center, the pressure contact ball 46 inside the trigger box 32 rolls along the inclined slide 45 to the lowest point, pressing the lifting trigger 47 to move downward. The top contact bottom pile 50 pushes the force-bearing cross frame 34, and the connecting support rod 36 drives the top contact roller 37 to disengage from the hook block of the flipping frame plate 38. The flipping frame plate 38 flips over and pushes the sliding plate frame 41 out of the exit groove through the connecting shaft 40, exposing the photovoltaic panel 42 to generate electricity. The electrical energy is transmitted to the positive position main box 11 through the power transmission cable 43 and the connecting conduit 5. When the device is deviated, the pressure contact ball 46 moves upward, the small spring 49 resets the lifting trigger 47, and the photovoltaic panel 42 retracts to avoid wear and dust accumulation. With the cooperation of the three, the device can operate stably for a long time without external intervention, significantly improving the reliability and endurance of wildlife tracking.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning, characterized in that, include: The inner ring frame has an outer ring belt fitted on its outer surface. A positioning main box is located above the outer ring belt, and an antenna cover is located on the upper surface of the positioning main box. A bottom motor box is also located at the bottom of the outer ring belt. A connecting pipe connects the bottom motor box and the positioning main box. The middle section of the connecting pipe is located inside the outer ring belt. The outer surface of the inner ring frame also has a collar mechanism, which includes an inner ring assembly and an outer ring assembly. The inner ring assembly includes an inner ring telescopic belt, and both ends of the inner ring telescopic belt are provided with locking teeth. Both locking teeth are located inside the inner ring frame. Two limiting teeth are also provided inside the inner ring frame. The outer ring assembly includes: a top mounting platform, with side limiting plates on both sides of the top mounting platform, the top mounting platform being located on the upper surface of the outer ring belt, a top base box being located at the center of the upper surface of the top mounting platform, a base slide being located on the inner bottom surface of the top base box, a bottom arc block being located above the base slide, an inner alignment box being located on the upper surface of the bottom arc block, connecting shafts being located on both sides of the inner alignment box, an arc-shaped base being located on the inner bottom surface of the inner alignment box, the bottom surface of the arc-shaped base being connected to the bottom arc block, a central slot being formed at the center of the arc-shaped base and the bottom arc block, and an alignment main platform being located inside the inner alignment box.

2. The wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting rod is provided on one side surface of the limiting tooth block, and a limiting spring is connected between the lifting rod and the inner ring frame. Limiting arc plates are provided on both sides of the inner ring frame, and two limiting cross plates are provided between the two limiting arc plates. A main limiting plate is provided on the opposite side surface of the two limiting arc plates.

3. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the main positioning platform is provided with an internal arc block, and two connecting shafts are also provided on both sides of the internal arc block. Each connecting shaft is provided with a side limiting protrusion on both sides of its side surface. The inner side surfaces of the top base box and the inner positioning box are provided with damping baffles that cooperate with the side limiting protrusions. The bottom surface of the internal arc block is provided with a bottom load block, and the bottom load block and the bottom arc block are both provided with internal weight blocks.

4. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the main platform are provided with buffer plates, and the bottom surface of the outer ring belt is also provided with a bottom auxiliary frame. A limiting ball groove is provided at the center of the bottom auxiliary frame. The bottom motor box is located on the bottom surface of the bottom auxiliary frame. A limiting rod is provided on the upper surface of the bottom motor box. Two limiting balls are provided at the center of the limiting rod. The two limiting balls are located on the upper and lower sides of the limiting ball groove, respectively.

5. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring assembly also includes a photovoltaic component, which includes two additional photovoltaic boxes. Both additional photovoltaic boxes are disposed on the upper surface of the top mounting platform. An exit groove is formed on one side surface of each additional photovoltaic box, and a trigger box is disposed on the inner side surface of each additional photovoltaic box.

6. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trigger box has an inclined slide inside, and a pressure ball is installed inside the inclined slide. A lifting trigger is installed at the center of the inclined slide. A top-to-bottom stake is installed on the bottom surface of the lifting trigger. Side pressure plates are installed on both sides of the lifting trigger. A small spring is installed between the side pressure plates and the trigger box.

7. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner bottom surface of the additional photovoltaic box is also provided with a bottom sliding plate. The upper surface of the bottom sliding plate is provided with a force-bearing crossbeam. One side surface of the force-bearing crossbeam is provided with a top contact arc block. Two connecting rods are provided on one side surface of the force-bearing crossbeam. One end of the connecting rod is provided with a top contact roller. Both sides of the additional photovoltaic box are provided with connecting side rods. A rotatable flip-up frame is provided between the two connecting side rods. The upper surface of the flip-up frame is provided with a hook block that cooperates with the top contact roller. The bottom surface of the flip-up frame is provided with a slide rail. The slide rail is provided with a slider.

8. A wildlife tracking device based on BeiDou positioning according to claim 7, characterized in that: The auxiliary photovoltaic box is also equipped with a sliding plate frame inside. A connecting shaft is provided between the sliding plate frame and the slider. A photovoltaic panel is provided at the center of the sliding plate frame. A power transmission cable is provided on one side of the photovoltaic panel. A wire-fixing side plate for fixing the power transmission cable is provided on the inner side surface of the auxiliary photovoltaic box. One end of the power transmission cable is connected to the inside of the connecting conduit.

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