A theodolite and octant-based telescope coude optical path alignment method

Abstract

The application discloses a telescope Kuder light path installation and adjustment method based on the theodolite and eight-line instrument, belongs to the telescope Kuder light path installation and adjustment technical field, and solves the problems of the limited internal space of the two-dimensional turntable, the difficulty of placing the theodolite and other optical sighting instruments, the inconvenience of operation, the influence of the spot track by the human eye visual error and the difficulty of determining the light entry reference in the prior art. In the telescope Kuder light path installation and adjustment method, the theodolite and the eight-line instrument are used, and the auxiliary plane mirror, the cubic reference prism and the grid paper with cross lines are used to complete the alignment of the Kuder light path with the elevation axis, the azimuth axis and the optical axis of the telescope system of the turntable, and the accurate adjustment of the Kuder light path is realized. Without the built-in optical instrument of the two-dimensional turntable, the high-precision installation and adjustment of the telescope Kuder light path under the two-dimensional turntable with different size specifications can be realized, the method has strong universality, low installation and adjustment cost, simple steps and easy realization; compared with the point light source emitted by the theodolite, the line light source emitted by the eight-line instrument is easier to observe, and the installation and adjustment efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of telescope Cood optical path assembly and adjustment technology, and in particular to a telescope Cood optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octahedron. Background Technology

[0002] The Kuder optical path is a total internal reflection optical path that uses rotation along the azimuth and elevation axes to emit a light beam in a predetermined direction. This path is primarily used in laser emission systems and mainly consists of a telescope system, a two-dimensional turntable, and the Kuder optical path within the turntable. The two-dimensional turntable houses the telescope system. The emitted laser beam is reflected by multiple Kuder mirrors, causing it to enter the telescope system at a predetermined angle via a folding mirror. Rotation along the azimuth and elevation axes then achieves the emission at the predetermined angle.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN108828765A discloses a method for aligning the Kuder optical path based on dual theodolites, which uses dual theodolites and an auxiliary plane mirror to achieve azimuth alignment of the Kuder optical path. However, this method does not consider the alignment of the Kuder optical path's pitch direction. Furthermore, it requires a theodolite to be placed inside a turntable, making it unsuitable for turntables with limited internal space.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN116594188A discloses a method for aligning the Kuder optical path of a large-aperture telescope. This method uses both invisible and visible light lasers, adjusting the Kuder mirror based on the trajectory of the laser spot on a white paper with grid lines to align the Kuder optical path. However, the accuracy of this method is affected by visual aiming, and the laser spot trajectory is difficult to observe and record on the grid-lined white paper.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the problems of limited internal space of existing relay stations, difficulty in placing optical aiming instruments such as theodolites, inconvenience in operation, easy influence of human visual error on light spot trajectory, and difficulty in determining the incident light reference, a telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on theodolites and octagonal instruments is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a telescope Cood optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octahedron, which solves the problems of limited internal space of the two-dimensional turntable, difficulty in placing optical aiming instruments such as theodolites, inconvenient operation, easy influence of human visual error on the light spot trajectory, and difficulty in determining the incident light reference in existing technologies.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for adjusting the Kuder optical path of a telescope based on a theodolite and an octahedron includes the following steps: S1. Install the first plane mirror, the first theodolite, and the folding mirror in the optical path of the telescope system; S2. Use the first plane mirror and the first theodolite to calibrate the optical axis reference of the telescope system, and determine the orientation and attitude of the folding mirror based on the reference of the optical system after assembly and adjustment. S3. Install the first Coudard reflector and the third plane reflector, and rotate the turntable azimuth axis. Use the first theodolite to calibrate the turntable azimuth axis reference. S4. Install a cubic reference prism on the azimuth axis reference, and establish an external reference using the second theodolite and the cubic reference prism. S5. Install the fourth plane mirror and convert the external reference to the fourth plane mirror; S6. Install the second Kuder reflector at the position of the cubic reference prism, observe through the first theodolite, and rotate the turntable to complete the attitude adjustment of the second Kuder reflector; S7. Install an octagonal instrument between the first Couder reflector and the first theodolite, and adjust the attitude of the octagonal instrument so that the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument coincides with the direct beam of the first theodolite after being reflected by the first Couder reflector and the second Couder reflector. S8. Install the third and fourth Coudes reflectors to reflect the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument to the folding mirror, and then project it to the secondary mirror after reflection by the folding mirror. S9. Complete the reference marking of the incident ray in the telescope's Kude optical path.

[0008] In this scheme, the telescope Cood optical path assembly and adjustment method based on theodolite and octahedron does not require built-in optical instruments on the two-dimensional turntable. It can achieve high-precision assembly and adjustment of the telescope Cood optical path under two-dimensional turntables of different sizes and specifications. The method is universal, has low assembly and adjustment cost, and is simple and easy to implement. Compared with the point light source emitted by theodolite, the line light source emitted by octahedron is easier to observe, thus improving the assembly and adjustment efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, S1 includes: S101. After completing the overall assembly and adjustment on the optical platform, assemble the folding-axis mirror between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror; S102. After the folding mirror is installed, set up the first theodolite at the optical path entrance and level it. S103. A first plane mirror is installed at the junction of the telescope system and the pitch axis of the turntable. The coarse aiming function of the first theodolite is activated, and its attitude is adjusted so that the outgoing beam is reflected by the first plane mirror and enters the coarse aiming field of view along the center of the entrance port. Then, the fine aiming function is switched to perform autocollimation fine adjustment on the first plane mirror until the autocollimation image coincides with the crosshair image.

[0010] Furthermore, S2 includes: S201. Remove the first plane mirror; S202. Activate the coarse aiming function of the first theodolite, confirm that the light emitted by the coarse aiming of the first theodolite hits the folding mirror, adjust the attitude of the folding mirror so that the light emitted by the first theodolite hits the center of the folding mirror and enters the second plane mirror through the through hole in the center of the secondary mirror; the incident light enters the coarse aiming field of view of the theodolite after being reflected by the second plane mirror. S203. Turn off the coarse aiming function and turn on the fine aiming function. Adjust the attitude of the folding mirror so that the autocollimation image reflected by the folding mirror and the second plane mirror coincides with the crosshair image of the theodolite. S204. Record the azimuth value of the first theodolite.

[0011] Furthermore, S3 includes: S301. Install the debugged telescope system onto the two-dimensional turntable so that it can rotate around the pitch axis; S302. Install the first Couder mirror in the preset mechanical position, and place the third plane mirror with a central crosshair at the azimuth axis inside the two-dimensional turntable. Install the four-dimensional adjustment frame below the third plane mirror. S303. Install the first theodolite at the light inlet of the Kude optical path and level it, adjusting the azimuth and attitude of the first theodolite to be consistent with the azimuth and attitude adjusted in step S2. S304. Activate the coarse aiming function of the first theodolite, so that the beam enters the coarse aiming field of view after being reflected by the first Couder mirror, the third plane mirror, and the first Couder mirror; close the coarse aiming, activate the fine aiming, and adjust the autocollimated image to coincide with the crosshair image of the first theodolite. S305. Rotate the azimuth axis of the two-dimensional turntable and adjust the attitude of the third plane mirror using the four-dimensional adjustment frame so that the autocollimation image reflected back by the third plane mirror and the first Couder mirror during the rotation coincides with the crosshair image of the first theodolite. S306. Adjust the attitude of the first theodolite so that its autocollimation image coincides with the crosshairs of the third plane mirror. At this time, the first theodolite is the reference for the azimuth axis after being refracted by the first Coudé mirror.

[0012] Furthermore, S4 includes: S401. Place a cubic reference prism on the third plane mirror, and the cubic reference prism will rotate the azimuth axis reference by 90°. S402. Set up a second theodolite on the outside of the two-dimensional turntable and complete the leveling. S403. Adjust the orientation of the second theodolite to make it consistent with the orientation of the first theodolite, and perform autocollimation on the cubic reference prism to ensure that the autocollimated image of the beam emitted by the second theodolite coincides with the crosshairs of the second theodolite after being reflected by the cubic reference prism. Furthermore, S5 includes: S501. A fourth plane mirror is installed inside the two-dimensional turntable. A small reference mirror is attached to the back of the fourth plane mirror. The fourth plane mirror can rotate synchronously with the azimuth axis. S502. Adjust the attitude of the fourth plane mirror so that the beam emitted by the second theodolite is reflected back along the original path by the small reference mirror on the back, ensuring that the reflected crosshair image coincides with the reference crosshair of the second theodolite, and then transfer the external reference of the second theodolite to the fourth plane mirror inside the turntable.

[0013] Furthermore, S6 includes: S601. Remove the third plane reflector and cubic reference prism inside the two-dimensional turntable, and install the second Couder reflector on the azimuth axis of the turntable. S602, The beam emitted from the first theodolite passes through the first and second Couder mirrors and is incident on the fourth plane mirror, then returns to the first theodolite for reception; S603. Rotate the azimuth axis of the two-dimensional turntable and observe the deviation between the autocollimation image and the crosshair of the first theodolite during the rotation. If the deviation exceeds the limit, adjust the attitude of the second Couder mirror so that the returned crosshair image overlaps with the crosshair of the first theodolite and the deviation is <2″ during the rotation of the azimuth axis.

[0014] Furthermore, S7 includes: S701. Remove the fourth plane reflector inside the two-dimensional turntable and set up an octagonal instrument in front of the first theodolite. S702, the eight-line instrument emits a vertical beam of light. Part of the beam enters the Couder optical path and is reflected out by the first and second Couder mirrors. The remaining beam is emitted directly outward. S703. Turn on the coarse aiming mode of the first and second theodolites, adjust the attitude of the octagonal instrument to unify its light output direction with the reference direction of the two theodolites, and place a whiteboard in front of and below the second theodolite. Fine-tune the octagonal instrument to make the reflected light path coincide with the direct light beam.

[0015] Furthermore, S8 includes: S801. Remove the second theodolite and install the third and fourth Coudes reflectors at the preset positions on the two-dimensional turntable. S802. Paste cross-shaped grid paper into the center hole of the secondary mirror of the telescope, aligning the cross-shaped grid with the center of the secondary mirror. S803. Confirm that the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument is accurately incident on the center of the third and fourth courd mirrors and the folding mirror after being reflected by the first and second courd mirrors, and finally projected onto the center of the cross on the grid paper after being reflected by the folding mirror. If the beam deviates from the center of each mirror, adjust the attitude of the third and fourth courd mirrors to ensure that the emitted beam is aligned with the center of the cross lines, and that the beam on the grid paper always revolves around the center of the cross when the telescope rotates.

[0016] Furthermore, in S9, the incident light from the octet is projected onto the light inlet of the two-dimensional turntable as the light reference for laser assembly. When installing the laser, the laser spot diameter direction should be aligned with the direction marked on the two-dimensional turntable.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The telescope Kudd optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and octagonal instrument provided by this invention uses the optical axis of the assembled telescope system as a reference. A first theodolite, a four-dimensional adjustment mechanism, and a second plane mirror are used to calibrate the pitch and azimuth axes of the two-dimensional turntable. Based on this, the light output direction of the second Kudd mirror on the azimuth axis of the turntable is determined by the second theodolite and a cubic reference prism. A third plane mirror with a small reference mirror is arranged inside the turntable. The azimuth axis light output reference is converted to this third plane mirror using the second theodolite. The second Kudd mirror on the azimuth rotation axis is adjusted according to the incident and output light references. Subsequently, an octagonal reflector is placed at the light inlet of the Kud optical path, ensuring the direction of the emitted beam is consistent with that of the theodolite. A grid paper with crosshairs is placed in the center hole of the secondary mirror of the telescope system. The remaining third and fourth Kud mirrors are adjusted by rotating the two-dimensional turntable according to the trajectory of the beam on the grid paper, achieving optical alignment accuracy. The light from the octagonal reflector incident on the turntable's light inlet structure is used as the laser's installation reference. When installing the laser, it is only necessary to ensure that the laser spot diameter direction is consistent with the turntable's markings. After completing the telescope's Kud optical path debugging, the incident beam can sequentially pass through the first, second, third, and fourth Kud mirrors, and the folding mirror, reflecting into the telescope system and exiting as an emitted beam, thus achieving the light-guiding function of the telescope's Kud optical path. Alternatively, the telescope system can receive the beam, which is then reflected by the folding mirror, fourth Kud mirror, third Kud mirror, second Kud mirror, and first Kud mirror to achieve the light-guiding purpose of the Kud optical path.

[0018] Throughout the assembly and adjustment process, there is no need to place optical instruments inside the turntable, which facilitates operation. Moreover, compared to the point light source emitted by the theodolite, the line light source emitted by the octahedron is easier to observe, thus improving assembly and adjustment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Kud optical path and telescope system in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first plane mirror and the first theodolite in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the folding mirror in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the third plane reflector in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cubic reference mirror in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fourth planar reflector in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the second Kuder reflector in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the eight-line instrument and the whiteboard in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the third and fourth Couder mirrors in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the grid paper with cross-shaped engravings in this invention.

[0020] Figure label: 11. First Koudle reflector; 12. Second Koudle reflector; 13. Third Koudle reflector; 14. Fourth Koudle reflector; 21. First theodolite; 22. Second theodolite; 3. Primary mirror; 4. Secondary mirror; 5. Folding axis mirror; 61. First plane mirror; 62. Second plane mirror; 63. Third plane mirror; 64. Fourth plane mirror; 7. Cubic reference prism; 8. Octagonal instrument; 9. Whiteboard; Detailed Implementation The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various modifications are obvious as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims. All inventions utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0021] like Figure 1-10 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for aligning the Kude optical path of a telescope based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument. This method utilizes a theodolite and an octagonal instrument 8, along with an auxiliary plane mirror, a cubic reference prism 7, and grid paper with crosshairs, to align the Kude optical path with the pitch axis, azimuth axis of the turntable, and the optical axis of the telescope system, achieving precise adjustment of the Kude optical path.

[0022] First, the structure of the entire Kud optical path and telescope system will be introduced. For example... Figure 1As shown, the Kud optical path consists of four mirrors arranged sequentially: the first Kud mirror 11, the second Kud mirror 12, the third Kud mirror 13, and the fourth Kud mirror 14. These mirrors are integrated within a two-dimensional turntable, which has an azimuth axis and a pitch axis. The first Kud mirror 11 is fixedly mounted on the bottom base. The second Kud mirror 12, the third Kud mirror 13, and the fourth Kud mirror 14 can rotate with the azimuth axis but are unaffected by the pitch axis movement. The telescope system, mounted on the two-dimensional turntable, rotates with both the pitch and azimuth axes, and relies on an internal folding mirror to fold the Kud optical path and emit the beam, thus achieving directional beam transmission.

[0023] The specific operational steps for the telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on theodolite and octave are as follows: S1. Install the first plane mirror 61, the first theodolite 21, and the folding mirror 5 in the optical path of the telescope system, such as... Figure 2 As shown; specifically including: S101. After completing the overall assembly and adjustment on the optical platform, assemble the folding mirror 5 between the primary mirror 3 and the secondary mirror 4. After S102 and the folding mirror 5 are installed, the first theodolite 21 is set up and leveled at the optical path entrance (the pitch axis position of the turntable); S103. A first plane mirror 61 is installed at the junction of the telescope system and the pitch axis of the turntable. The coarse aiming function of the first theodolite 21 is activated, and its attitude is adjusted so that the outgoing beam is reflected by the first plane mirror 61 and enters the coarse aiming field of view along the center of the light inlet. Then, the fine aiming function is switched to perform autocollimation fine adjustment on the first plane mirror 61 until the autocollimation image coincides with the crosshair image.

[0024] S2, such as Figure 3 As shown, the optical axis reference of the telescope system is calibrated using the first plane mirror 61 and the first theodolite 21, and the azimuth and attitude of the folding mirror 5 are determined based on the reference of the optical system after assembly and adjustment; specifically including: S201. Remove the first plane mirror 61; S202. Activate the coarse aiming function of the first theodolite 21, confirm that the light emitted by the coarse aiming of the first theodolite 21 hits the folding mirror 5, adjust the attitude of the folding mirror 5 so that the light emitted by the first theodolite 21 hits the center of the folding mirror 5 and enters the second plane mirror 62 (system optical axis reference) through the through hole in the center of the secondary mirror 4; the incident light enters the coarse aiming field of view of the theodolite after being reflected by the second plane mirror 62. S203. Turn off the coarse aiming function and turn on the fine aiming function. Adjust the attitude of the folding mirror 5 so that the autocollimation image reflected by the folding mirror 5 and the second plane mirror 62 coincides with the theodolite crosshair image. S204. Record the azimuth value of the first theodolite 21.

[0025] S3, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first Coudard reflector 11 and the third plane reflector 63 are installed, and the turntable azimuth axis is rotated. The first theodolite 21 is used to calibrate the turntable azimuth axis reference; specifically including: S301. Install the debugged telescope system onto the two-dimensional turntable so that it can rotate around the pitch axis; S302. Install the first Couder mirror 11 in the preset mechanical position, and place the third plane mirror 63 with a central crosshair at the azimuth axis inside the two-dimensional turntable. Install the four-dimensional adjustment frame below the third plane mirror 63. S303. Install the first theodolite 21 at the light inlet of the Kude optical path and level it, adjusting the azimuth and attitude of the first theodolite 21 to be consistent with the azimuth and attitude adjusted in step S2. S304. Activate the coarse aiming function of the first theodolite 21, so that the beam enters the coarse aiming field of view after being reflected by the first Couder mirror 11, the third plane mirror 63 and the first Couder mirror 11; close the coarse aiming, activate the fine aiming, and adjust the autocollimated image to coincide with the crosshair image of the first theodolite 21. S305. Rotate the azimuth axis of the two-dimensional turntable and use the four-dimensional adjustment frame to adjust the attitude of the third plane mirror 63 so that the autocollimation image reflected back by the third plane mirror 63 and the first Coud mirror 11 during the rotation coincides with the crosshair image of the first theodolite 21. S306. Adjust the attitude of the first theodolite 21 so that its autocollimation image coincides with the crosshair of the third plane mirror 63. At this time, the first theodolite 21 is the reference after the azimuth axis is refracted by the first Coud mirror 11.

[0026] S4, such as Figure 5 As shown, a cubic reference prism 7 is installed on the azimuth axis reference, and an external reference is established using the second theodolite 22 and the cubic reference prism 7; specifically including: S401. Place a cubic reference prism 7 on the third plane mirror 63. The cubic reference prism 7 will rotate the azimuth axis reference by 90°. S402. Set up the second theodolite 22 on the outside of the two-dimensional turntable and complete the leveling. S403. Adjust the orientation of the second theodolite 22 so that the orientation of the second theodolite 22 is consistent with that of the first theodolite 21, and perform autocollimation on the cubic reference prism 7 to ensure that the autocollimated image of the beam emitted from the second theodolite 22 coincides with the crosshairs of the second theodolite 22 after being reflected by the cubic reference prism 7.

[0027] S5, such as Figure 6 As shown, a fourth plane mirror 64 is installed to convert the external reference to the fourth plane mirror 64; specifically, this includes: S501. A fourth plane mirror 64 is installed inside the two-dimensional turntable. A small reference mirror is attached to the back of the fourth plane mirror 64. The fourth plane mirror 64 can rotate synchronously with the azimuth axis. S502. Adjust the attitude of the fourth plane mirror 64 so that the beam emitted from the second theodolite 22 is reflected back along the original path by the small reference mirror on the back, ensuring that the reflected crosshair image coincides with the reference crosshair of the second theodolite 22, and then transfer the external reference of the second theodolite 22 to the fourth plane mirror 64 inside the turntable.

[0028] S6, such as Figure 7 As shown, a second Coudard reflector 12 is installed at the position of the cubic reference prism 7. Observations are made using the first theodolite 21, and the attitude of the second Coudard reflector 12 is adjusted by rotating the turntable; specifically including: S601. Remove the third plane reflector 63 and the cubic reference prism 7 inside the two-dimensional turntable, and install the second Couder reflector 12 on the azimuth axis of the turntable. S602, the beam emitted from the first theodolite 21 passes through the first Couder mirror 11 and the second Couder mirror 12 and is incident on the fourth plane mirror 64, and then returns to the first theodolite 21 to be received. S603. Rotate the azimuth axis of the two-dimensional turntable and observe the deviation between the autocollimation image and the crosshair of the first theodolite 21 during the rotation. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance, adjust the attitude of the second Couder mirror 12 so that the returned crosshair image and the crosshair of the first theodolite 21 are aligned and the deviation is <2″ during the rotation of the azimuth axis.

[0029] S7, such as Figure 8 As shown, an octahedron 8 is installed between the first Coudard reflector 11 and the first theodolite 21, and the attitude of the octahedron 8 is adjusted so that the beam emitted by the octahedron 8, after being reflected by the first Coudard reflector 11 and the second Coudard reflector 12, coincides with the direct beam of the first theodolite 21; specifically including: S701. Remove the fourth plane reflector 64 in the two-dimensional turntable and set up the octagonal instrument 8 in front of the first theodolite 21. S702 and the eight-line instrument 8 emit vertical beams. Part of the beam enters the Couder optical path and is reflected out by the first Couder reflector 11 and the second Couder reflector 12. The remaining beam is emitted directly outward. S703. Turn on the coarse aiming mode of the first theodolite 21 and the second theodolite 22, adjust the attitude of the octagonal instrument 8 to unify its light output direction with the reference direction of the two theodolites, and place the white board 9 in front of and below the second theodolite 22. Make the reflected light path and the direct light beam coincide by finely adjusting the octagonal instrument 8.

[0030] S8, such as Figure 9As shown, a third Coudard reflector 13 and a fourth Coudard reflector 14 are installed. These reflectors reflect the light beam emitted by the octahedron 8 to the folding mirror 5, which then projects the beam onto the secondary mirror 4. Specifically, this includes: S801. Remove the second theodolite 22 and install the third Couder mirror 13 and the fourth Couder mirror 14 at the preset positions on the two-dimensional turntable. S802, such as Figure 10 As shown, attach cross-shaped grid paper to the center hole of secondary mirror 4 of the telescope, aligning the cross-shaped grid with the center of secondary mirror 4; S803. Confirm that the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument 8 is reflected by the first Couder mirror 11 and the second Couder mirror 12, and is accurately incident on the center of the third Couder mirror 13, the fourth Couder mirror 14 and the folding mirror 5. Finally, it is reflected by the folding mirror 5 and projected onto the center of the cross on the grid paper. If the beam deviates from the center of each mirror, adjust the attitude of the third Couder mirror 13 and the fourth Couder mirror 14 to ensure that the emitted beam is aligned with the center of the cross lines, and that the beam on the grid paper always revolves around the center of the cross when the telescope rotates.

[0031] S9. Complete the reference marking of the incident ray in the telescope's Kud optical path; The incident light beam from the octet is projected onto the light inlet of the two-dimensional turntable as the light reference for laser installation. When installing the laser, the laser spot diameter direction should be aligned with the direction marked on the two-dimensional turntable.

[0032] The telescope's Kud optical path is now assembled and adjusted. The incident light beam is reflected sequentially by the first Kud mirror 11, the second Kud mirror 12, the third Kud mirror 13, the fourth Kud mirror 14, and the folding mirror 5 before entering the telescope system and being emitted outwards, thus achieving the light-guiding function of the telescope's Kud optical path. Based on the principle of light reversibility, the telescope system can also receive the light beam and reflect it through the folding mirror 5, the fourth Kud mirror 14, the third Kud mirror 13, the second Kud mirror 12, and the first Kud mirror 11 to achieve the same light-guiding purpose.

[0033] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are intended to help the reader understand the principles of the invention and should be understood as not limiting the scope of protection of the invention to such specific statements and embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations based on the technical teachings disclosed herein without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these modifications and combinations are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the Kuder optical path of a telescope based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the first plane mirror (61), the first theodolite (21), and the folding mirror (5) on the optical path of the telescope system. S2. Use the first plane mirror (61) and the first theodolite (21) to calibrate the optical axis reference of the telescope system, and determine the orientation of the folding mirror (5) based on the reference of the optical system after assembly and adjustment. S3. Install the first Couder mirror (11) and the third plane mirror (63) and rotate the turntable azimuth axis. Use the first theodolite (21) to calibrate the turntable azimuth axis reference. S4. Install a cubic reference prism (7) on the azimuth axis reference and establish an external reference using the second theodolite (22) and the cubic reference prism (7); S5. Install the fourth plane mirror (64) and convert the external reference to the fourth plane mirror (64). S6. Install the second Couder mirror (12) at the position of the cubic reference prism (7), observe through the first theodolite (21), and rotate the turntable to complete the attitude adjustment of the second Couder mirror (12); S7. Install an octagonal instrument (8) between the first Couder reflector (11) and the first theodolite (21), and adjust the attitude of the octagonal instrument (8) so that the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument (8) coincides with the direct beam of the first theodolite (21) after being reflected by the first Couder reflector (11) and the second Couder reflector (12). S8. Install the third Couder (13) and the fourth Couder (14). Use the third Couder (13) and the fourth Couder (14) to reflect the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument (8) to the folding mirror (5), and then project it to the secondary mirror (4) after reflection by the folding mirror (5). S9. Complete the reference marking of the incident ray in the telescope's Kude optical path.

2. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes: S101. After completing the overall assembly and adjustment on the optical platform, assemble the folding mirror (5) between the primary mirror (3) and the secondary mirror (4). After the installation of S102 and the folding mirror (5) is completed, the first theodolite (21) is set up at the optical path entrance and leveled. S103. A first plane mirror (61) is installed at the junction of the telescope system and the pitch axis of the turntable. The coarse aiming function of the first theodolite (21) is activated and its attitude is adjusted so that the outgoing beam is reflected by the first plane mirror (61) and enters the coarse aiming field of view along the center of the light inlet. Then, the fine aiming function is switched to perform autocollimation fine adjustment on the first plane mirror (61) until the autocollimation image coincides with the crosshair image.

3. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, S2 includes: S201, Remove the first plane mirror (61); S202. Activate the coarse aiming function of the first theodolite (21), confirm that the light emitted by the coarse aiming of the first theodolite (21) hits the folding mirror (5), adjust the attitude of the folding mirror (5) so that the light emitted by the first theodolite (21) hits the center of the folding mirror (5) and enters the second plane mirror (62) through the through hole in the center of the secondary mirror (4); the incident light enters the coarse aiming field of view of the theodolite after being reflected by the second plane mirror (62); S203. Turn off the coarse aiming function and turn on the fine aiming function. Adjust the attitude of the folding mirror (5) so that the autocollimation image reflected by the folding mirror (5) and the second plane mirror (62) coincides with the crosshair image of the theodolite. S204. Record the azimuth value of the first theodolite (21).

4. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 includes: S301. Install the debugged telescope system onto the two-dimensional turntable so that it can rotate around the pitch axis; S302. Install the first Couder mirror (11) in the preset mechanical position, and place the third plane mirror (63) with the central cross engraving at the azimuth axis inside the two-dimensional turntable. Install the four-dimensional adjustment frame below the third plane mirror (63). S303. Install the first theodolite (21) at the light inlet of the Kude optical path and level it. Adjust the azimuth attitude of the first theodolite (21) to be consistent with the azimuth attitude adjusted in step S2. S304. Turn on the coarse aiming function of the first theodolite (21) so that the beam enters the coarse aiming field of view after being reflected by the first Couder mirror (11), the third plane mirror (63) and the first Couder mirror (11); turn off coarse aiming, turn on fine aiming, and adjust the autocollimated image to coincide with the crosshair image of the first theodolite (21); S305. Rotate the azimuth axis of the two-dimensional turntable and adjust the attitude of the third plane mirror (63) with the four-dimensional adjustment frame so that the autocollimation image reflected back by the third plane mirror (63) and the first Couder mirror (11) during the rotation coincides with the crosshair image of the first theodolite (21). S306. Adjust the attitude of the first theodolite (21) so that its autocollimation image coincides with the crosshair of the third plane mirror (63). At this time, the first theodolite (21) is the reference after the azimuth axis is refracted by the first Coud mirror (11).

5. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, S4 includes: S401. Place a cubic reference prism (7) on the third plane mirror (63). The cubic reference prism (7) rotates the azimuth axis reference by 90°. S402. Set up a second theodolite (22) on the outside of the two-dimensional turntable and complete the leveling; S403. Adjust the orientation of the second theodolite (22) so that the orientation of the second theodolite (22) is consistent with that of the first theodolite (21), and perform autocollimation on the cubic reference prism (7) to ensure that the autocollimated image of the beam emitted from the second theodolite (22) after being reflected by the cubic reference prism (7) coincides with the crosshairs of the second theodolite (22).

6. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octahedron according to claim 5, characterized in that, S5 includes: S501. A fourth plane mirror (64) is installed inside the two-dimensional turntable. A small reference mirror is attached to the back of the fourth plane mirror (64). The fourth plane mirror (64) can rotate synchronously with the azimuth axis. S502. Adjust the attitude of the fourth plane mirror (64) so ​​that the beam emitted from the second theodolite (22) is reflected back along the original path by the small reference mirror on the back, ensuring that the reflected crosshair image coincides with the reference crosshair of the second theodolite (22), and then transfer the external reference of the second theodolite (22) to the fourth plane mirror (64) inside the turntable.

7. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octahedron according to claim 6, characterized in that, S6 includes: S601. Remove the third plane mirror (63) and cubic reference prism (7) inside the two-dimensional turntable, and install the second Couder mirror (12) on the azimuth axis of the turntable. S602, the beam emitted from the first theodolite (21) passes through the first Couder mirror (11) and the second Couder mirror (12) and is incident on the fourth plane mirror (64), and then returns to the first theodolite (21) to be received; S603. Rotate the azimuth axis of the two-dimensional turntable and observe the deviation between the autocollimation image and the crosshair of the first theodolite (21) during the rotation. If the deviation exceeds the tolerance, adjust the attitude of the second Couder mirror (12) so that the returned crosshair image overlaps with the crosshair of the first theodolite (21) and the deviation is <2″ during the rotation of the azimuth axis.

8. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, S7 includes: S701. Remove the fourth plane reflector (64) inside the two-dimensional turntable and set up an eight-line instrument (8) in front of the first theodolite (21). S702, the eight-line instrument (8) emits a vertical beam of light. Part of the beam enters the Couder optical path and is reflected out by the first Couder mirror (11) and the second Couder mirror (12). The remaining beam is emitted directly outward. S703. Turn on the coarse aiming mode of the first theodolite (21) and the second theodolite (22), adjust the attitude of the octagonal instrument (8), unify its light output direction with the reference direction of the two theodolites, and place a white board (9) in front of and below the second theodolite (22). Make the reflected light path coincide with the direct light beam by finely adjusting the octagonal instrument (8).

9. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octagonal instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, S8 includes: S801. Remove the second theodolite (22) and install the third Couder mirror (13) and the fourth Couder mirror (14) at the preset position of the two-dimensional turntable. S802. Paste cross-shaped grid paper into the center hole of the secondary mirror (4) of the telescope, aligning the cross-shaped grid with the center of the secondary mirror (4); S803. Confirm that the beam emitted by the octagonal instrument (8) is reflected by the first Couder mirror (11) and the second Couder mirror (12) and is accurately incident on the center of the third Couder mirror (13), the fourth Couder mirror (14) and the folding mirror (5), and finally projected onto the center of the grid paper cross after being reflected by the folding mirror (5); if the beam deviates from the center of each mirror, adjust the attitude of the third Couder mirror (13) and the fourth Couder mirror (14) to ensure that the emitted beam is aligned with the center of the cross lines, and that the beam on the grid paper always revolves around the center of the cross when the telescope rotates.

10. The telescope Kuder optical path assembly and adjustment method based on a theodolite and an octahedron according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, In S9, the incident light from the octagonal instrument (8) is projected onto the light inlet of the two-dimensional turntable as the light reference for laser installation. When installing the laser, the laser spot diameter direction should be aligned with the direction marked on the two-dimensional turntable.

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