Transparent display module, control method thereof and transparent display window system

Abstract

The application provides a transparent display module, a control method thereof and a transparent display window system. The module comprises a light-emitting area and a transparent area. The light-emitting area comprises light-emitting elements on one side of a substrate. The transparent area comprises a first electrode layer on one side of the substrate and an electrically-controlled light-adjusting layer covering the first electrode layer. The first electrode layer comprises a plurality of sub-electrodes. The application adopts a time-sharing driving mode. In a first driving period of each driving cycle of the transparent display module, at least two sub-electrodes receive different driving signals to control the electrically-controlled light-adjusting layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area is switched to a first light-transmitting state with high haze. In a second driving period, a plurality of sub-electrodes receive the same driving signals to control the electrically-controlled light-adjusting layer to produce the same deformation, so that the transparent area is switched to a second light-transmitting state with low haze. The application realizes rapid switching of haze in a large range (such as from less than 5% to more than 90%) and meets the needs of vehicle-mounted transparent display and privacy protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of panel display manufacturing technology, and in particular to a transparent display module and its control method, as well as a transparent display vehicle window system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous evolution of display technology, transparent displays are increasingly being used in automotive displays, architectural glass, commercial displays, and other scenarios. Especially in the field of smart cockpits, transparent display windows integrate display functions with the light transmittance of glass, providing passengers with diversified experiences such as information push and entertainment interaction.

[0003] However, transparent display windows still face significant technical bottlenecks in practical applications. Taking vehicle side windows as an example, the transparent screen needs to ensure bidirectional visibility both inside and outside the vehicle: enabling interaction with people outside the vehicle while ensuring clear observation of the external environment by occupants inside. Existing transparent displays are mostly based on integrated LED and driver (IC) chips, fabricated using glass substrates. The integrated LED and driver chips and wiring are non-transparent structures; transparency is achieved through gaps between the chips and wiring. With this approach, the overall transmittance drops to approximately 80%, making it difficult to effectively protect in-vehicle privacy using conventional optical methods.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new transparent display module solution that can ensure normal light transmission and visibility inside the vehicle while preventing external imaging, thereby achieving an effective anti-peeping effect inside the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a transparent display module and its control method, as well as a transparent display window system, to ensure normal light transmission and field of vision inside the vehicle while avoiding external imaging, thereby achieving an effective anti-peeping effect inside the vehicle.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a transparent display module, including:

[0007] Substrate;

[0008] The light-emitting region includes a light-emitting element located on one side of the substrate.

[0009] The transparent region includes a first electrode layer located on one side of the substrate and an electrically controlled dimming layer covering the first electrode layer; the first electrode layer includes a plurality of sub-electrodes;

[0010] The transparent display module includes multiple driving cycles, and each driving cycle includes a first driving period and a second driving period.

[0011] During the first driving period, at least two of the sub-electrodes receive different driving signals to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area is in the first light-transmitting state;

[0012] During the second driving period, the plurality of sub-electrodes receive the same driving signal to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation at different positions, so that the transparent area is in the second light-transmitting state;

[0013] The haze of the first transparent state is greater than the haze of the second transparent state.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, in a second aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a control method for a transparent display module, used to control the transparent display module provided in the first aspect, the control method comprising:

[0015] During the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to at least two sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the first light-transmitting state;

[0016] During the second driving period, the same driving signal is applied to all sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the second light-transmitting state;

[0017] The haze of the first transparent state is less than the haze of the second transparent state.

[0018] Based on the same inventive concept, in a third aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a transparent display window system, including the transparent display module provided in the first aspect, and further including:

[0019] A driving circuit, electrically connected to the first electrode layer, is used to apply a driving signal to the sub-electrode;

[0020] The control unit, connected to the drive circuit, is used to receive a privacy mode switching command and control the drive circuit to apply a driving voltage to the sub-electrode according to the command, so as to deform the electronically controlled dimming layer and switch the transparent area between the first light-transmitting state and the second light-transmitting state.

[0021] In summary, the transparent display module provided by this invention achieves a high-haze first transparent state by setting a first electrode layer composed of multiple sub-electrodes and an electrically controlled dimming layer covering the first electrode layer in the transparent area, and by employing a time-division driving method. During the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to at least two sub-electrodes, causing different deformations in the corresponding electrically controlled dimming layers above them, thus achieving a high-haze second transparent state. During the second driving period, the same driving signal is applied to each sub-electrode, causing the corresponding electrically controlled dimming layers above them to undergo the same deformation, thus achieving a low-haze second transparent state. This enables rapid switching of haze over a wide range (e.g., from less than 5% to greater than 90%). Compared to traditional dimming solutions such as polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, this application has advantages such as a large haze switching range and fast response speed, and can meet the flexible switching needs of automotive transparent display windows between transparent display and privacy protection. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a transparent display module along the AA' direction;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driving timing of multiple sub-electrodes of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during the first driving period and the second driving period;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods in multiple driving cycles;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of the transparent display module along the AA' direction;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of the transparent display module along the AA' direction;

[0030] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the driving timing of multiple sub-electrodes of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10A schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods in multiple driving cycles;

[0032] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods in multiple driving cycles;

[0033] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods in multiple driving cycles;

[0034] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods in multiple driving cycles;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of another transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a transparent display module along the BB' direction;

[0037] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the driving timing of the sub-electrodes of the transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the driving timing of the sub-electrodes of the transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 18 This is a structural block diagram of a transparent display vehicle window system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present application are shown in the drawings, not the entire structure. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from its spirit or scope, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present application is intended to cover modifications and variations of the present application that fall within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the corresponding claims and their equivalents. It should be noted that the implementation methods provided in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without contradiction.

[0041] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a transparent display module, which includes a light-emitting region and a transparent region. The light-emitting region includes a light-emitting element located on one side of a substrate. The transparent region includes a first electrode layer located on one side of the substrate and an electrically controlled dimming layer covering the first electrode layer. The first electrode layer includes multiple sub-electrodes. The transparent display module includes multiple driving cycles, each driving cycle including a first driving period and a second driving period. During the first driving period, at least two sub-electrodes receive different driving signals to control the electrically controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, making the transparent region a first transparent state. During the second driving period, multiple sub-electrodes receive the same driving signal to control the electrically controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation at different positions, making the transparent region a second transparent state. The haze of the first transparent state is greater than the haze of the second transparent state.

[0042] By employing the above technical solution, this invention sets a first electrode layer and an electrically controlled dimming layer covering the first electrode layer in the transparent area, and uses a time-division driving method. During the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to at least two sub-electrodes in the first electrode layer to cause different deformations in the electrically controlled dimming layer, thereby achieving a first transparent state with high haze. During the second driving period, the same driving signal is applied to each sub-electrode to cause the electrically controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation, thereby achieving a second transparent state with low haze. This enables rapid switching of haze over a wide range (e.g., from less than 5% to greater than 90%). Compared with traditional dimming solutions such as polymer-dispersed liquid crystals, this application has advantages such as a large haze switching range and fast response speed, which can meet the flexible switching needs of automotive transparent display windows between transparent display and privacy protection.

[0043] The above is the core idea of ​​this invention. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a top view of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transparent display module along the AA' direction. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the driving timing of multiple sub-electrodes of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electrically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during the first and second driving periods. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the deformation of the electrically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods within multiple driving cycles, wherein... Figure 5 Figure (a) shows a schematic diagram of the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer during the first driving period. Figure 5 Figure (b) shows a schematic diagram of the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer during the second driving period. (Reference) Figures 1-3 This application provides a transparent display module 200, which includes a light-emitting region A1 and a transparent region A2. The light-emitting region A1 includes a light-emitting element 30 located on one side of a substrate 20. The light-emitting element 30 can be Micro-LED, Mini-LED, etc.; this application uses a Micro-LED transparent display module as an example for illustrative purposes only. The light-emitting region A1 and the transparent region A2 are arranged at intervals to maximize the transparency of the transparent display module 200. The transparent region A2 includes a first electrode layer 40 located on one side of the substrate 20 and an electrically controlled dimming layer 50 covering the first electrode layer 40. The first electrode layer 40 includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 41. The materials of the sub-electrodes 41 include, but are not limited to, transparent conductive materials, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), graphene, and silver nanowires (AgNWs). The electrically controlled dimming layer 50 uses a transparent material that can emit light and deform under the action of an electric field. The substrate 20 can be a flexible substrate or a rigid substrate.

[0045] like Figures 4-6 As shown, the transparent display module 200 includes multiple driving cycles T, each driving cycle T including a first driving period t1 and a second driving period t2. During the first driving period t1, at least two sub-electrodes 41 receive different driving signals to control the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 to produce different deformations at different positions, making the transparent area A2 a first transparent state. During the second driving period t2, multiple sub-electrodes 41 receive the same driving signal to control the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 to produce the same deformation at different positions, making the transparent area A2 a second transparent state. The haze of the first transparent state is greater than the haze of the second transparent state.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, the driving signal can be a data signal, scanning signal, touch signal, fixed electrical signal, etc. with different amplitudes or different polarities.

[0047] Specifically, in combination Figures 2-4 and Figure 5 As shown in (a), during the first driving period t1 of each driving cycle T, at least two sub-electrodes 41 receive different driving signals (e.g., ...). Figure 4 and Figure 5In (a) the signals G1 and G2 cause different deformations in the electronically controlled dimming layer 50 above the sub-electrode 41 that receives the signals G1 and G2, such as forming a surface with high and low undulations, thereby changing the scattering effect of the transmitted light S in this area. At this time, the transparent area A2 corresponding to this area is in the first light-transmitting state (fogging state), for example, the fog level is greater than 90%. When the light-emitting element 30 displays a normal image, along the opposite direction of the transmission direction of the transmitted light S, due to the interference of the scattered light, the external observer cannot see the internal image clearly, thus avoiding external imaging; along the transmission direction of the transmitted light S, the internal passengers can both see the displayed image clearly and transmit light normally.

[0048] During the second driving period t2 of each driving cycle T, multiple sub-electrodes 41 receive the same driving signal (e.g., Figure 4 and Figure 5 (b) G0 signal), so that the electronically controlled dimming layer 50 is kept in the initial state (surface flat) or the same deformation is generated in different positions (i.e., all are planar deformation), so that the light transmission effect of the deformation mode is consistent. At this time, the transparent area A2 is the second light transmission state (transparent state), for example, the haze is less than 5%. It should be noted that although the light is transmitted during this driving period, the time is very short. Along the transmission direction of the transmitted light S, the visual effect of the interior passengers seeing the display image clearly and the normal light transmission can be further improved.

[0049] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 6 This application controls multiple consecutive driving cycles T to cause at least two sub-electrodes 41 to dynamically alternate the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer 50 in each driving cycle, thereby causing the transparent display module to dynamically switch between a high transparency state (haze < 5%) and a low transparency state (haze > 90%). In this display mode, normal light transmission inside the vehicle can be guaranteed, while observers outside the vehicle window cannot obtain a clear image inside the vehicle, thus achieving an effective anti-peeping effect inside the vehicle.

[0050] It should be noted that the transparent display module provided in this application embodiment also includes other film layer structures, such as driving circuit 60, first metal layer M1, second metal layer M2, insulating layer 70, etc., which work together to achieve image display. Figure 3 The light-emitting element 30 is not shown in the figure, and it is not shown in detail in this application.

[0051] In one embodiment of this application, during the first driving period t1, the driving signal is a driving voltage. For example, during the first driving period t1, multiple sub-electrodes 41 are controlled to receive different driving voltages, causing the electrically controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations and achieving a fogging effect. During the second driving period t2, the driving signal is a zero potential. For example, during the second driving period t2, each sub-electrode 41 is controlled to receive a zero potential, causing the electrically controlled dimming layer to return to a flat state and achieve transparency.

[0052] Optionally, the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 includes a polymer gel and an ionic liquid dispersed in the polymer gel, such as a polyvinyl chloride / ionic liquid gel (PVC / ILgel). When a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode layer 40, the ionic liquid undergoes directional migration in the polymer gel, causing deformation of the polymer gel and thereby changing the haze of the transparent area.

[0053] For example, the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 is made of polyvinyl chloride / ionic liquid gel (PVC / IL gel), combined with Figures 2-4 and Figure 5 As shown in (a), during the first driving period t1 of each driving cycle T, at least two sub-electrodes 41 are controlled to receive different driving voltages. By utilizing the potential difference between them, ions in the polymer gel undergo directional migration under the action of the electric field. Positive ions gather towards the cathode (negative electrode), and negative ions gather towards the anode (positive electrode). Due to ion rearrangement, the polymer gel undergoes significant local thickening and deformation on the anode side, changing the focusing pattern of the emitted light, so that this region switches to high haze (low transmittance) during the first driving period t1.

[0054] Combination Figures 2-4 and Figure 5 As shown in (b), during the second driving period t2 of each driving cycle T, at least two sub-electrodes 41 are controlled to receive a zero potential. Ions within the polymer gel return to their original state without an electric field, and the transparent region A2 switches to low haze (high transmittance) during the second driving period t2. This application, through differentiated design of the driving voltage received by the sub-electrodes, enables the electronically controlled dimming layer 50 to dynamically switch between a high transparency state (haze < 5%) and a low transparency state (haze > 90%), thereby achieving an effective in-vehicle privacy protection effect.

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electrically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods within multiple driving cycles. Based on the above embodiments, further reference is made... Figures 4-6 During the first driving period t1, the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 deforms into a concave-convex shape, similar to a convex lens structure. For example, some sub-electrodes 41 receive a forward driving voltage (G1), causing the corresponding electrically controlled dimming layer 50 to bulge upwards; others receive a reverse driving voltage (G2), causing the corresponding electrically controlled dimming layer 50 to bulge downwards, scattering the parallel transmitted light S and achieving a high haze (e.g., greater than 90%) privacy protection effect. During the second driving period t2, all sub-electrodes 41 receive zero voltage (G0), and the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 deforms into a planar shape, allowing light to pass through directly and achieving a low haze (less than 5%) high transparency state. This application continuously switches between concave-convex and planar deformations, flexibly adjusting the haze within a wide range of 0–100% to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0056] Figure 7 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of the transparent display module along the AA' direction. Figure 8 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of the transparent display module along the AA' direction, a formable implementation, combined with... Figure 7 and Figure 8 Multiple sub-electrodes 41 include a first sub-electrode M3-1 and a second sub-electrode M3-2. The electrically controlled dimming layer 50 includes a first electrically controlled dimming region 51 and a second electrically controlled dimming region 52. The first electrically controlled dimming region 51 covers the first sub-electrode M3-1, and the second electrically controlled dimming region 52 covers the second sub-electrode M3-2. The driving signal includes a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage. The first sub-electrode M3-1 receives the first driving voltage, and the second sub-electrode M3-2 receives the second driving voltage. During the first driving period t1, the potentials of the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are opposite, and the deformation directions of the first electrically controlled dimming region and the second electrically controlled dimming region are opposite, such as... Figure 8 As shown. During the second driving period t2, the driving voltages of the first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2 are the same, and the deformations of the first and second electrically controlled dimming areas are the same, as shown. Figure 7 As shown.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2 are respectively configured to correspond to the first electrically controlled dimming area 51 and the second electrically controlled dimming area 52. During the first driving period t1, driving voltages with opposite potentials are applied to the two sub-electrodes, causing the two electrically controlled dimming areas to deform in opposite directions. Figure 8 As shown, the electrically controlled dimming area above the first sub-electrode M3-1 bulges upward, while the electrically controlled dimming area above the second sub-electrode M3-2 is concave downward, thus forming a more complex concave-convex lens structure, enhancing the light scattering effect and further improving haze. Applying the same voltage during the second driving period t2 causes the two regions to have the same deformation; if both return to a planar state, transparency is achieved. This application, through the opposite deformation of adjacent electrically controlled dimming areas, can form a more efficient optical scattering structure, improving privacy protection when the electrically controlled dimming area switches between concave-convex and planar deformation.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2 are adjacent. This application ensures that the opposite deformations of the electrically controlled dimming areas corresponding to the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2 are closely matched, forming a continuous concave-convex lens array structure (such as...) during the first driving period t1. Figure 6 The deformed waveform shown in the figure can more effectively scatter the transmitted light.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 7 Multiple sub-electrodes 41 along the first direction ( Figure 7 The sub-electrodes 41 are arranged along the second direction (X direction); Figure 2 Extending along the Y direction, wherein the first direction X intersects the second direction Y, and both are parallel to the plane of the substrate 20. This application employs a strip electrode structure, facilitating independent control of the driving signal for each sub-electrode. The fabrication process for the sub-electrodes is mature and easy to implement. The strip electrode extends along... Figure 2 The Y-direction extension can cover the entire extension direction of the transparent area A2, ensuring effective electronic dimming throughout the entire transparent area A2.

[0060] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the driving timing of multiple sub-electrodes of a transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the deformation of the electrically controlled dimming layer provided by the present invention during different driving periods within multiple driving cycles. One possible embodiment is described, combined with... Figures 7-10 The plurality of sub-electrodes 41 also includes a third sub-electrode M3-3, which is located on the side of the second sub-electrode M3-2 away from the first sub-electrode M3-1. During the first driving period t1, the third sub-electrode M3-3 has the same potential as the first sub-electrode M3-1. During the second driving period t2, the third sub-electrode M3-3 has the same potential as both the first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 7 The multiple sub-electrodes 41 also include a fourth sub-electrode M3-4, a fifth sub-electrode M3-5, a sixth sub-electrode M3-6, etc., arranged sequentially along the first direction X.

[0062] For example, combining Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the first driving period t1 of the driving cycle T, the driving voltages of the first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2 are different (V1 and V2 voltages are opposite), the potential of the third sub-electrode M3-3 is the same as that of the first sub-electrode M3-1 (both are V1), the driving voltages of the second sub-electrode M3-2 and the third sub-electrode M3-3 are different, the driving voltages of the third sub-electrode M3-3 and the fourth sub-electrode M3-4 are different, the driving voltages of the fourth sub-electrode M3-4 and the fifth sub-electrode M3-5 are different, and the driving voltages of the fifth sub-electrode M3-5 and the sixth sub-electrode M3-5 are different. For example... Figure 10As shown, the deformation of the electrically controlled dimming areas corresponding to the first sub-electrode M3-1, the third sub-electrode M3-3, and the fifth sub-electrode M3-5 is upward convex, while the deformation of the electrically controlled dimming areas corresponding to the second sub-electrode M3-2, the fourth sub-electrode M3-4, and the sixth sub-electrode M3-6 is downward concave, forming a concave-convex lens distribution. During the second driving period t2 of the driving cycle T, the potentials of sub-electrodes M3-1, M3-2, M3-3, M3-4, M3-5, and M3-6 are all the same, and their corresponding electrically controlled dimming areas return to planar deformation. By adjusting the potentials of two adjacent sub-electrodes to be different during the first driving period t1, and then adjusting the potentials of all sub-electrodes to be the same during the second driving period t2, the regular deformation of the electrically controlled dimming areas is adjusted, achieving effective electrically controlled dimming.

[0063] One feasible implementation method is to continue referring to... Figure 9 The driving cycle T includes a first driving period t1, a second driving period t2, a third driving period t3, and a fourth driving period t4 driven sequentially. During the third driving period t3 and the first driving period t1, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode 41 is equal but the potentials are opposite. During the fourth driving period t4 and the second driving period t2, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode 41 is the same. In this embodiment of the invention, the driving cycle can also be extended to four driving periods (e.g., t1~t4, t5~t8).

[0064] Within each driving cycle T, the driving voltage of the third driving period t3 is equal to that of the first driving period t1, but the potentials are opposite (V1 / V2). This means that the electronically controlled dimming layer undergoes deformation in the opposite direction to that in the first driving period t1 during the third driving period t3. This facilitates the periodic reversal of the deformation direction. This reverse driving voltage design prevents ions in the electronically controlled dimming layer from continuously accumulating in a single direction, which could lead to material fatigue or performance degradation, thereby extending the module's lifespan. Simultaneously, periodically adjusting the deformation direction also helps achieve a dynamic privacy protection effect.

[0065] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the multiple drive cycles T include a first drive cycle T1 and a second drive cycle T2 that drive continuously. The first drive cycle T1 includes a first drive time period t1, a second drive time period t2, a third drive time period t3, and a fourth drive time period t4. The second drive cycle T2 includes a fifth drive time period t5, a sixth drive time period t6, a seventh drive time period t7, and an eighth drive time period t8. In this embodiment, the first drive time period t1 can also be equivalent to the fifth drive time t5 of the second drive cycle T2, and the second drive time period t2 can also be equivalent to the sixth drive time t6 of the second drive cycle T2.

[0066] In some embodiments, multiple driving cycles T are set to be the same in all driving periods of the same sub-electrode 41. Specifically, in combination with Figure 9 and Figure 10 If the first driving cycle T1 and the second driving cycle T2 corresponding to the first sub-electrode M3-1 are the same, that is to say, the first sub-electrode M3-1 adopts the same driving method in different driving cycles. Through repetitive periodic control, the electronically controlled dimming area 50 corresponding to the first sub-electrode M3-1 produces the same deformation pattern in each driving cycle, forming a stable lens structure. This kind of deformation is suitable for scenarios that require stable haze output, such as maintaining privacy mode for a long time.

[0067] Furthermore, the driving voltage combination of some electrodes during the driving cycle can be changed to shift the focusing position. By repeatedly switching the focusing position, passengers inside the vehicle receive light while those outside cannot clearly see inside, achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect. In one feasible embodiment, at least two driving cycles T are different in all driving periods of the same sub-electrode 41. Specifically, combined with... Figure 8 and Figure 9 For example, the first driving cycle T1 and the second driving cycle T2 corresponding to the second sub-electrode M3-2 are different. By adjusting the driving mode of the same sub-electrode in different driving cycles, the same electrically controlled dimming area corresponding to it will produce different deformations in different driving cycles.

[0068] One feasible embodiment, referenced Figure 9 The multiple driving cycles T include a first driving cycle T1 and a second driving cycle T2 with continuous driving. In the first driving cycle T1 and the first driving period t1 of the second driving cycle T2, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode 41 is equal but the potential is opposite. In the first driving cycle T1 and the second driving period t2 of the second driving cycle T2, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode 41 is equal. For example, in the first driving cycle T1 and the second driving cycle T2, the driving voltage of the second sub-electrode M3-2 is equal and opposite in the first driving period t1 and the fifth driving period t5, and equal and opposite in the third driving period t3 and the seventh driving period t7. (Combined with...) Figure 9 and Figure 10 During the first driving cycle T1, within the time period t1, the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 form as follows: Figure 10 The convex and concave deformation is shown; during time period t2, the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 form the following: Figure 10 The planar deformation shown; during time period t3, the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 formed as shown in the figure. Figure 10 The concave-convex deformation is shown; during the t4 time period, the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 form the following... Figure 10The planar deformation shown.

[0069] During the second driving cycle T2, in the time period t5, the driving voltages of the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 are the same and both are positive potentials (G1), forming a situation as follows: Figure 10 The biconvex deformation shown makes the deformation of the electro-controlled dimming layer corresponding to adjacent sub-electrodes consistent; during the t6 time period, the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 form as shown in the figure. Figure 10 The planar deformation shown; during the t7 time period, the driving voltages of the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 are the same and both are negative potentials (G2), forming a shape as shown in the figure. Figure 10 The biconcave deformation shown makes the deformation of the electro-controlled dimming layer corresponding to adjacent sub-electrodes consistent; during the t4 time period, the adjacent first sub-electrode M3-1 and second sub-electrode M3-2 form as shown in the figure. Figure 10 The planar deformation shown.

[0070] Similarly, when the third sub-electrode M3-3, the fourth sub-electrode M3-4, the fifth sub-electrode M3-5, and the sixth sub-electrode M3-6 receive [the signal] during the first driving cycle T1 and the second driving cycle T2... Figure 9 The driving voltage shown indicates that the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer changes from the first deformation mode at time t1 (alternating convex and concave arrangement), to the second deformation mode at time t2 (planar mode), to the third deformation mode at time t3 (alternating concave and convex arrangement), to the second deformation mode at time t4 (planar mode), to the fourth deformation mode at time t5 (convex-concave-convex mode), to the planar mode at time t6, to the fifth deformation mode at time t5 (concave-convex-concave mode), and finally to the second deformation mode at time t8 (planar mode).

[0071] In other words, this application can change the combination of driving voltages in the driving cycle to make the electrically controlled dimming area corresponding to the sub-electrode exhibit different deformation patterns in different driving cycles. Especially when the deformation patterns differ between two adjacent driving cycles (e.g., t1~t4 and t5~t8 for M3-2 are different), complex and repeated switching of the focusing position can be achieved. More importantly, this application can also change the combination of driving voltages of adjacent sub-electrodes in different driving cycles. For example, in one driving cycle, control the first sub-electrode M3-1 and the second sub-electrode M3-2 to be different, and the third sub-electrode M3-3 and the fourth sub-electrode M3-4 to be different, and then change the combination in the next driving cycle to increase the deformation mode, achieving more complex and repeated switching of focusing position, focusing area, and focusing volume, thereby increasing the scattering effect of outgoing light and achieving a more complex dynamic anti-peeping effect.

[0072] It should be noted that, Figure 10The various deformation modes shown are merely several feasible examples provided in the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on this application. In other embodiments, the driving periods t1, t3, t5, and t7 of each driving cycle can be any one of the first, third, fourth, or fifth deformation modes; the modes of each driving cycle can be the same or different, thereby achieving regular or irregular switching, which is not limited in this application. Figures 11 to 13 As shown, multiple deformation modes can be switched randomly and dynamically.

[0073] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 9 Within the same driving cycle T, the driving duration of each driving period is the same. This application, through its equal-duration driving period design, facilitates the design of the driving circuit and the generation of control signals, simplifying the control logic of the driving timing. Simultaneously, the equal-duration driving periods also contribute to the uniform migration and recovery of ions in the electro-controlled dimming layer, ensuring the consistency and repeatability of deformation, thereby improving the reliability and lifespan of the transparent display module.

[0074] Based on the above embodiments, this application embodiment can also introduce touch functionality in a transparent display mode. During the first driving period t1, the driving signal is a driving voltage; during the second driving period t2, the driving signal is a touch signal.

[0075] Figure 14 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of another transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a transparent display module along the BB' direction, based on the above embodiment. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the driving timing of multiple sub-electrodes of the transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 14-16 During the second driving period t2, which is the touch period, multiple sub-electrodes 41 receive the same touch signal. During the touch period, all multiple sub-electrodes 41 and the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 in the same transparent area A2 are multiplexed as the same touch electrode.

[0076] Specifically, in this embodiment, during the driving periods t2, t4, t6, and t8 of the driving cycle, the same touch signal, such as a touch driving signal or a touch sensing signal, is provided to all sub-electrodes 41 within the same transparent area A2. At this time, the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 within the same transparent area A2 undergoes the same planar deformation, and the transparent area A2 switches to a transparent state. Since the electrically controlled dimming layer (such as PVC / ionic liquid gel) has ionic conductivity, under the equipotential driving of the sub-electrodes 41, the entire electrically controlled dimming layer 50 within the same transparent area A2 forms an equipotential body, which can serve as the sensing electrode for capacitive touch. Thus, the sub-electrodes 41 and the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 in this area are collaboratively reused as a virtual touch electrode (such as Tx or Rx), thereby achieving compatibility and time-division multiplexing of dimming and touch functions. This driving design eliminates the need for an additional independent touch electrode layer, significantly simplifying the module structure, reducing costs, and maintaining the overall high light transmittance of the module.

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, refer to Figure 14 The light-emitting elements 30 are arranged in an array, and the transparent area A2 is located between the light-emitting elements 30 arranged in the array; during the touch period, along the row direction of the array ( Figure 14 In the X direction), the sub-electrodes 41 in two adjacent transparent areas A2 receive different touch signals; along the column direction of the array arrangement ( Figure 14 In the Y direction), the sub-electrodes 41 in two adjacent transparent areas A2 receive different touch signals.

[0078] Specifically, during the driving cycle periods t2, t4, t6, and t8, this application collaboratively reuses the sub-electrode 41 within the same transparent area A2 with the electrically controlled dimming layer 50 as a single virtual touch electrode. Along Figure 14 In the X-direction, the virtual touch electrodes formed by each transparent area A2 are arranged alternately with touch driving electrodes (Tx) and touch sensing electrodes (Rx); along Figure 14 The same alternating arrangement is also used in the Y-direction, thus forming a complete touch detection matrix. Since each light-transmitting area A2 acts as a single touch electrode during the touch period, this scheme can achieve high-precision detection of the touch position. This fully utilizes the distribution characteristics of the light-transmitting areas A2 in the transparent display module, effectively integrating high-precision touch functionality while ensuring display quality.

[0079] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the driving timing of the sub-electrodes of the transparent display module provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 17The first driving period t1 includes a first sub-time point t11, a second sub-time point t12, and a third sub-time point t13 driven sequentially; the first sub-time point t11 ​​and the third sub-time point t13 have the same potential, while the second sub-time point t12 has a potential of 0. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first driving period t1 can be further subdivided into multiple sub-time points (such as t11, t12, and t13). The same driving voltage is applied to the first sub-time point t11 ​​and the third sub-time point t13 to maintain the deformation (lens morphology) of the electronically controlled dimming layer 50, while a potential of 0 is applied to the second sub-time point t12. This allows the electronically controlled dimming layer 50 to briefly recover its planar deformation. During this period, touch detection can be inserted, and touch driving signals or touch sensing signals (Tx / Rx) are applied in conjunction with the second driving period t2 and the fourth driving period t4, thereby increasing the frequency and response speed of touch detection in each driving cycle and enabling touch interaction even in privacy mode.

[0080] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a control method for a transparent display module, used to control the transparent display module 200 provided in the above embodiments. Combined with... Figures 2-4 and Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a control method for a transparent display module, including:

[0081] S11. During the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to at least two sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the first light-transmitting state.

[0082] S12. During the second driving period, the same driving signal is applied to all sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the second transparent state.

[0083] The haze of the first transparent state is less than that of the second transparent state.

[0084] This application embodiment uses a time-division driving strategy to achieve dynamic switching of the light-transmitting area between at least two light-transmitting states. For example, in the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to different sub-electrodes to cause different deformations in the electronically controlled dimming layer to achieve a first light-transmitting state with high haze (fogging state); in the second driving period, the same driving signal is applied to all sub-electrodes to cause the electronically controlled dimming layer to achieve a second light-transmitting state with low haze (transparent state). This method is simple to operate, responds quickly, and can flexibly switch the privacy state of the transparent display window according to actual needs.

[0085] Furthermore, combined Figures 14-16 Furthermore, this application embodiment can also introduce touch functionality in a transparent display mode. The control method for the transparent display module further includes switching the second driving period t2 to a touch period:

[0086] S21. During the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to at least two sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the first light-transmitting state.

[0087] S22. During the touch period, control all sub-electrodes to receive the same touch signal, and multiple sub-electrodes and the electronically controlled dimming layer in the same transparent area are reused as the same touch electrode for touch detection.

[0088] This application further integrates touch detection functionality in a transparent display mode. For example... Figure 16 As shown, during the t2 and t4 driving periods, all sub-electrodes are controlled to receive the same touch signal, allowing multiple sub-electrodes and the electrically controlled dimming layer in the same light-transmitting area to be reused as a single touch electrode (such as a touch emitting electrode Tx or a touch receiving electrode Rx) for touch detection. This achieves time multiplexing of dimming control and touch detection, adding extra touch interaction capabilities to the transparent display module without increasing additional hardware, thus increasing the practicality of the transparent display module.

[0089] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention also provide a transparent display vehicle window system. Figure 18 This is a structural block diagram of a transparent display vehicle window system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figure 18 The transparent display window system includes the transparent display module 200 provided in the above embodiments, and also includes a driving circuit ( Figure 18 (not shown in the image) and control unit ( Figure 18 (Not shown in the diagram) The drive circuit is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and is used to apply a drive signal to the sub-electrode. The control unit is connected to the drive circuit and is used to receive a privacy mode switching command and, according to the command, control the drive circuit to apply a drive voltage to the sub-electrode, causing the electronically controlled dimming layer to deform, thereby switching the transparent area between a first transparent state and a second transparent state. This window system integrates transparent display, privacy protection, and touch interaction, providing a complete solution for automotive applications.

[0090] The driving circuit includes multiple pixel circuits for providing driving signals to the light-emitting element pixels. The pixel circuits can be 2T1C, 4T1C, 7T1C, 7T2C, 8T1C, 8T2C, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations. The control unit can be an integrated circuit (IC), processor, microprocessor, etc., such as a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0091] The display device 300 includes any of the transparent display modules 200 provided in the above embodiments. Therefore, the display device 300 also has the beneficial effects of the transparent display module 200 in the above embodiments. The similarities can be understood with reference to the explanation of the transparent display module 200 above, and will not be repeated below.

[0092] The display device 300 provided in this embodiment of the invention can be Figure 18 The vehicle display screen shown can also be any electronic product with display function, including smart displays, smart glasses, industrial control equipment, medical displays, touch interactive terminals, etc., and the embodiments of the present invention do not make any special limitations on this.

[0093] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Features of various embodiments of the present invention can be partially or wholly coupled or combined with each other, and can cooperate and be technically driven in various ways. Various obvious changes, readjustments, combinations, and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transparent display module, characterized in that, include: Substrate; The light-emitting region includes a light-emitting element located on one side of the substrate. The transparent region includes a first electrode layer located on one side of the substrate and an electrically controlled dimming layer covering the first electrode layer; the first electrode layer includes a plurality of sub-electrodes; The transparent display module includes multiple driving cycles, and each driving cycle includes a first driving period and a second driving period. During the first driving period, at least two of the sub-electrodes receive different driving signals to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area is in the first light-transmitting state; During the second driving period, the plurality of sub-electrodes receive the same driving signal to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation at different positions, so that the transparent area is in the second light-transmitting state; The haze of the first transparent state is greater than the haze of the second transparent state.

2. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the first driving period, the driving signal is a driving voltage; During the second driving period, the driving signal is either a 0 potential or a touch signal.

3. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the first driving period, the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer is an uneven deformation; During the second driving period, the deformation of the electronically controlled dimming layer is planar deformation.

4. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of sub-electrodes includes a first sub-electrode and a second sub-electrode; the electrically controlled dimming layer includes a first electrically controlled dimming region and a second electrically controlled dimming region; The first electrically controlled dimming area covers the first sub-electrode, and the second electrically controlled dimming area covers the second sub-electrode; The driving signal includes a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage; The first sub-electrode receives the first driving voltage, and the second sub-electrode receives the second driving voltage; During the first driving period, the potentials of the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are opposite, and the deformation direction of the first electronically controlled dimming area is opposite to that of the second electronically controlled dimming area. During the second driving period, the driving voltages of the first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are the same, and the deformations of the first electronically controlled dimming area and the second electronically controlled dimming area are the same.

5. The transparent display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sub-electrode and the second sub-electrode are adjacent to each other.

6. The transparent display module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The plurality of sub-electrodes further includes a third sub-electrode, which is located on the side of the second sub-electrode away from the first sub-electrode; During the first driving period, the third sub-electrode has the same potential as the first sub-electrode; During the second driving period, the third sub-electrode has the same potential as both the first and second sub-electrodes.

7. The transparent display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plurality of sub-electrodes are arranged along a first direction; the sub-electrodes extend along a second direction. The first direction intersects the second direction, and both are parallel to the plane on which the substrate is located.

8. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving cycle includes a first driving period, a second driving period, a third driving period, and a fourth driving period driven sequentially; During the third driving period and the first driving period, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode is equal but the potential is opposite. During the fourth driving period and the second driving period, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode is the same.

9. The transparent display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The multiple driving cycles are identical across all driving periods of the same sub-electrode.

10. The transparent display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, In all driving periods of the same sub-electrode, at least two of the driving cycles are different.

11. The transparent display module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The plurality of drive cycles includes a first drive cycle and a second drive cycle that drive continuously. In the first driving cycle and the first driving period of the second driving cycle, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode is equal but the potential is opposite. During the second driving period in both the first driving cycle and the second driving cycle, the driving voltage received by the sub-electrode is equal.

12. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the same driving cycle, the driving duration of each driving period is the same.

13. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second driving period is the touch period, during which the plurality of sub-electrodes receive the same touch signal; During the touch period, all multiple sub-electrodes in the same transparent area and the electronically controlled dimming layer are multiplexed as the same touch electrode.

14. The transparent display module according to claim 13, characterized in that, The light-emitting elements are arranged in an array, and the transparent area is located between the light-emitting elements arranged in the array; During the touch period, along the row direction of the array arrangement, the sub-electrodes in two adjacent transparent areas receive different touch signals; along the column direction of the array arrangement, the sub-electrodes in two adjacent transparent areas receive different touch signals.

15. The transparent display module according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first driving period includes a first sub-time, a second sub-time, and a third sub-time, driven sequentially; The first sub-time point and the third sub-time point have the same potential, while the second sub-time point has a potential of 0.

16. The transparent display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electro-controlled dimming layer comprises a polymer gel and an ionic liquid dispersed in the polymer gel; When a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode layer, the ionic liquid undergoes directional migration in the polymer gel, causing deformation of the polymer gel and thereby changing the haze of the transparent region.

17. A control method for a transparent display module, used to control the transparent display module according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The control method includes: During the first driving period, different driving signals are applied to at least two sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce different deformations at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the first light-transmitting state; During the second driving period, the same driving signal is applied to all sub-electrodes to control the electro-controlled dimming layer to produce the same deformation at different positions, so that the transparent area switches to the second light-transmitting state; The haze of the first transparent state is less than the haze of the second transparent state.

18. The control method according to claim 17, characterized in that, The second driving period is the touch period, and the control method further includes: During the touch period, all sub-electrodes are controlled to receive the same touch signal, and the multiple sub-electrodes in the same transparent area and the electronically controlled dimming layer are reused as the same touch electrode for touch detection.

19. A transparent display window system, comprising the transparent display module according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, Also includes: A driving circuit, electrically connected to the first electrode layer, is used to apply a driving signal to the sub-electrode; The control unit, connected to the drive circuit, is used to receive a privacy mode switching command and control the drive circuit to apply a driving voltage to the sub-electrode according to the command, so as to deform the electronically controlled dimming layer and switch the transparent area between the first light-transmitting state and the second light-transmitting state.

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