Power control method, device and equipment of compressed air energy storage simulation system

Abstract

The application discloses a power control method, device and equipment of a compressed air energy storage simulation system. At a first time in a running period, a first pressure value of gas pressure in a gas-liquid expansion chamber output by an air expansion model is acquired. Based on the first pressure value and a second pressure value at a historical time, an instantaneous change rate of the gas pressure between the historical time and the first time is determined. A reference delay duration is adjusted based on the instantaneous change rate to obtain a target delay duration. Based on the first time and the target delay duration, a second time is determined. In a flow value change curve of a hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model, a target flow value of the hydraulic oil flow corresponding to the second time is acquired, and a valve opening degree control signal carrying the target flow value is input into a hydraulic power generation model. The stability of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system can be ensured, and thus the compressed air energy storage system can meet the grid connection requirements of a power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a power control method, device, and equipment for a compressed air energy storage simulation system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of energy storage technology, compressed air energy storage technology converts electrical energy into the internal energy of high-pressure air and stores it in a high-pressure gas tank. During the power generation process, the high-pressure air expands, pushing the hydraulic oil in the expander into the hydraulic motor, which then drives the synchronous motor to generate electricity. This process converts internal energy into mechanical energy and then mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the change in air pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber is instantaneous, while the adjustment of hydraulic oil flow requires a series of cumbersome formula calculations, command generation and transmission, and changes in the opening of the hydraulic motor's oil inlet valve, resulting in a physical delay between flow rate changes and air pressure changes. This affects the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation and consequently fails to meet the grid connection requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a power control method, apparatus, and equipment for a compressed air energy storage simulation system, which can ensure the stability of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system, thereby enabling the compressed air energy storage system to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solutions: A power control method for a compressed air energy storage simulation system is applied to a power control device in the energy storage simulation system. The energy storage simulation system further includes a simulation model of the energy storage device. The power control device is connected to the simulation model. The simulation model includes an air expansion model and a hydraulic power generation model. The method includes: At the first moment within the operating cycle, the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model is obtained; Based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value at a historical time, the instantaneous rate of change of the gas pressure between the historical time and the first time is determined, wherein the historical time is the time preceding the first time in the operating cycle; The reference delay duration is adjusted based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration; The second moment is determined based on the total duration of the first moment and the target delay. The target flow rate value of hydraulic oil at the second moment is obtained from the flow rate change curve of hydraulic oil flow rate obtained according to the air expansion model. The valve opening control signal carrying the target flow rate value is input into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor. The reference delay duration is used to control the power generation value determined by the pressure and flow values ​​within the operating cycle to meet the target power range.

[0006] A power control device is applied in an energy storage simulation system, wherein the energy storage simulation system is a simulation model of an energy storage device, and the power control device is connected to the simulation model, wherein the simulation model includes an air expansion model and a hydraulic power generation model; The device includes: The pressure value acquisition unit is used to acquire the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model at the first moment during the operation cycle. The pressure change rate determination unit is used to determine the instantaneous change rate of the gas pressure between the historical time and the first time based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value at a historical time, wherein the historical time is the time before the first time in the operating cycle; The duration adjustment unit is used to adjust the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration; A time determination unit is used to determine a second time based on the total duration of the first time and the target delay duration; The valve opening control unit is used to obtain the target flow value of hydraulic oil at the second moment from the flow value change curve of hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model, and input the valve opening control signal carrying the target flow value into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor. The reference delay duration is used to control the power generation value determined by the pressure and flow values ​​within the operating cycle to meet the target power range.

[0007] In some embodiments, the apparatus further includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire, within a target time period, a set of pressure values ​​of gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model, and a set of flow values ​​of hydraulic oil flow for the hydraulic motor output by the hydraulic power generation model. The first curve acquisition unit is used to acquire, based on the pressure value set, the pressure value change curve of the gas pressure in the air expansion model as the time of the operating cycle changes; The second curve acquisition unit is used to acquire the flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow rate in the hydraulic power generation model as the time of the operating cycle changes, based on the flow rate value set. The delay duration determination unit is used to determine the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve.

[0008] In some embodiments, the delay duration determination unit includes: The relationship determination subunit is used to determine the trend relationship between the gas pressure and the hydraulic oil flow rate based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve; The first duration determination subunit is used to determine the peak-valley misalignment duration between the gas pressure change curve and the hydraulic oil flow rate change curve according to the change trend relationship, and to determine the peak-valley misalignment duration as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model. Wherein, the pressure peak value of the pressure value change curve corresponds to the flow trough value of the flow rate change curve, and the pressure trough value of the pressure value change curve corresponds to the flow peak value of the flow rate change curve.

[0009] In some embodiments, the delay duration determination unit includes: The time delay subunit is used to perform delay processing on each set time in the running cycle for each candidate delay duration in the candidate delay duration set, so as to obtain each target time after delay processing. The data acquisition subunit is used to acquire the test pressure value at each set time in the pressure value change curve, and to acquire the test flow value at each target time in the flow rate change curve. The second duration determination subunit is used to determine the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on the test pressure value and the test flow rate value, and to determine the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model in each candidate delay duration based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second duration determining subunit is specifically used for: Based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time, the test power generation value of the hydraulic power generation model at each set time is determined; For each of the test power generation values, the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model is obtained, and the average power fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration is determined based on each power fluctuation value. The minimum average power fluctuation value is obtained from the average power fluctuation values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and the first candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum average power fluctuation value is determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0011] In some embodiments, before the second duration determining subunit performs the process of acquiring the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of each of the test power generation values, it is further configured to: The pressure peak and pressure trough values ​​are obtained from the pressure value change curve, and the flow rate peak and flow rate trough values ​​are obtained from the flow rate change curve; A first power generation value is determined based on the pressure peak value and the flow trough value, and a second power generation value is determined based on the pressure trough value and the flow peak value; The power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model is determined based on the first power generation value and the second power generation value. Specifically, the power generation threshold is determined by the peak-valley value of the product of pressure and flow rate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second duration determining subunit is specifically used for: Based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow value at each target time, the curve variance value corresponding to the candidate delay duration is determined; The minimum curve variance value is obtained from the curve variance values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and the second candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum curve variance value is determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0013] In some embodiments, the duration adjustment unit is specifically used for: When the instantaneous rate of change is greater than the first target rate of change threshold, the reference delay duration is extended by the target step size to obtain the target delay duration; When the instantaneous rate of change is less than the second target rate of change threshold, the baseline delay duration is reduced using the target step size to obtain the target delay duration; Wherein, the first target rate of change threshold is greater than the second target rate of change threshold.

[0014] A computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of instructions adapted for loading by a processor to execute the power control method of the compressed air energy storage simulation system described above.

[0015] A computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the power control method of the compressed air energy storage simulation system described above.

[0016] A computer program product or computer program includes computer instructions stored in a storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the storage medium and executes the computer instructions to implement the power control method for the compressed air energy storage simulation system described above.

[0017] In this embodiment, by combining the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure at the first moment and a pre-set reference delay duration in the simulation model of the energy storage device, the target delay duration can be determined. Then, using the target delay duration and the second moment obtained from the first moment, the currently required target flow rate can be directly determined from the flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow rate obtained according to the air expansion model, thereby adjusting the opening of the hydraulic motor's inlet valve. Compared to related technologies where there is a physical delay between flow rate changes and air pressure changes, affecting the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation, this embodiment eliminates the physical delay between flow rate changes and air pressure changes through the reference delay duration, ensuring the synchronization of flow rate changes and air pressure changes. Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting the reference delay duration using the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure, the actual required hydraulic oil flow rate can be accurately obtained by combining the real-time changes in actual air pressure, reducing the impact of instantaneous air pressure changes on power generation fluctuations, ensuring the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation, and thus enabling the compressed air energy storage system to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0018] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing the disclosure. The objectives and other advantages of this disclosure may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an energy storage simulation system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic flowchart of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power control device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of this application, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that while some processes described in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings contain multiple steps that appear in a specific order, it should be clearly understood that these steps may not be performed in the order they appear herein, or may be performed in parallel. The step numbers are merely used to distinguish different steps and do not represent any particular order of execution. Furthermore, descriptions such as "first," "second," or "objective" in this document are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0023] Before providing a further detailed description of the embodiments of this application, the nouns and terms used in the embodiments of this application are explained, and the nouns and terms used in the embodiments of this application shall be interpreted as follows: Compressed air energy storage utilizes air as a medium to convert electrical energy into the internal energy of the air during off-peak hours and then convert that internal energy back into electrical energy during peak hours, thereby balancing the supply and demand fluctuations of the power grid.

[0024] The working procedure of compressed air energy storage is specifically divided into an energy storage process and an energy release process. In the energy storage process, excess electrical energy is used to drive a compressor to compress air to a high-pressure state and store it in an air tank. In the energy release process, the expansion of high-pressure air generates huge thrust, which drives a generator to rotate, thereby converting it into electrical energy.

[0025] A simulation system is a system that uses mathematical models and computer technology to dynamically simulate real-world physical systems, processes, or behaviors in a virtual environment. Its core purpose is to conduct experiments, analyses, predictions, or training without interfering with the operation of the real system.

[0026] Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) systems are hybrid testing technologies that directly connect real physical components to a virtual simulation loop. Specifically, they consist of a virtual component and a real component. The virtual component includes a mathematical model running on a computer, capable of generating sensor signals in real time and simulating the external environment in which the hardware operates. The real component includes the actual hardware being tested, used to receive simulated signals and respond in real time, outputting control commands, etc.

[0027] A simulation model is an abstract mathematical or logical description of a real system or process. It reproduces the structure, function, and behavior of a real system in a computer through a set of variables, parameters, and logical rules, thereby enabling experiments and predictions to be conducted in a safe and low-cost environment.

[0028] Currently, in compressed air energy storage technology, electrical energy is converted into the internal energy of high-pressure air and stored in a high-pressure air tank. During the power generation process, the high-pressure air expands, pushing the hydraulic oil in the expander into the hydraulic motor, which then drives the synchronous motor to generate electricity. This process converts internal energy into mechanical energy and then mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0029] However, in practical applications, the change in air pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber is instantaneous, while the adjustment of hydraulic oil flow requires a series of cumbersome formula calculations, command generation and transmission, and changes in the opening of the hydraulic motor's oil inlet valve, resulting in a physical delay between flow rate changes and air pressure changes. This affects the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation and makes it unable to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0030] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment eliminates the physical delay between flow rate and pressure changes by using a reference delay duration, ensuring the synchronicity of these changes. Furthermore, the reference delay duration is dynamically adjusted based on the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure. This allows for accurate acquisition of the required hydraulic oil flow rate by considering real-time pressure variations, reducing the impact of instantaneous pressure changes on power generation fluctuations, and ensuring the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation. Consequently, the compressed air energy storage system can meet the grid connection requirements. Please refer to the following specific embodiments for details.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for an energy storage simulation system provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage simulation system may include a hardware-in-the-loop simulation system 100 corresponding to the compressed air energy storage device, a monitoring platform 200, etc.

[0032] The hardware-in-the-loop simulation system 100 may include, but is not limited to, a power control device 110 and a simulation model 120 of an energy storage device. Each working module of the energy storage device is simulated by software to form a corresponding simulation model 120. The control algorithm is then written into the power control device 110 to form a hardware-in-the-loop simulation system 100 with the power control device 110 as the control module and the simulation model 120 as the execution module.

[0033] The simulation model 120 can be a Simulink-based simulation model built using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB). Simulink is a graphical modeling and simulation tool based on block diagrams. It constructs mathematical models by connecting modules representing different functions with lines. In this embodiment, the simulation model 120 may include an air expansion model and a hydraulic power generation model.

[0034] The power control device 110 can be a programmable logic controller (PLC). By writing the control algorithm into the power control device 110, the power control device 110 can control the operation of the simulation model 120 in real time and acquire the relevant data collected by the simulation model 120.

[0035] The monitoring platform 200 may include, but is not limited to, terminal devices such as mobile phones, computers, and vehicle terminals with monitoring software installed. Furthermore, it may be a single device or a collection of multiple devices. Alternatively, the monitoring platform 200 may be a monitoring module within the aforementioned terminal devices. For example, the monitoring platform 200 may be a Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW), a graphical programming environment and development tool used for the rapid design, testing, and control systems of engineering applications suitable for data acquisition, instrument control, real-time data analysis, and monitoring.

[0036] In some embodiments, the display viewport 210 of the monitoring platform 200 may display relevant data collected by the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system 100 during operation, including but not limited to the pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber, the flow rate value of the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor, the power generation value of the generator, the time of the operating cycle, etc. At the same time, the monitoring platform 200 may also be equipped with one or more control buttons for inputting control signals to the power control device 110, etc. The specific display content can be adjusted according to actual business needs.

[0037] In some embodiments, the monitoring platform 200 and the simulation model 120 can be communicatively connected to the power control device 110, and the specific communication protocol used can be determined according to the actual type of software or device used.

[0038] The power control method of this application embodiment can be implemented in the power control device 110.

[0039] When the power control method is implemented in the power control device 110, the power control device 110 can determine the target delay time by combining the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure at the first moment and the preset reference delay time in the simulation model 120 of the energy storage device. Then, by using the target delay time and the second moment obtained from the first moment, the target flow value required at present can be directly determined from the flow rate change curve of hydraulic oil obtained according to the air expansion model, so as to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve of the hydraulic motor. The physical delay between flow rate change and air pressure change is eliminated by the reference delay time, ensuring the synchronization of flow rate change and air pressure change. The reference delay time is dynamically adjusted by the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure, which can accurately obtain the actual required hydraulic oil flow value by combining the real-time changes of actual air pressure. This reduces the impact of instantaneous changes in air pressure on the fluctuation of power generation, ensures the stability of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system, and enables the compressed air energy storage system to meet the grid connection requirements. The power control device 110 can transmit the first pressure value at the first moment, the target flow value at the second moment, and the corresponding power generation value to the monitoring platform 200. The monitoring platform 200 can integrate and display these data in a target format, which may include, but is not limited to, tables, graphs, curves, etc.

[0040] To better illustrate the embodiments of this application, the following will be combined with... Figure 2 The working principle of the energy storage device provided in the embodiments of this application will be explained. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario for an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 A simplified example of an energy storage device is shown, such as Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage device 20 for compressed air energy storage may include, but is not limited to, a high-pressure air tank 21, a gas-liquid expansion chamber 22, an oil-water separator 23, a hydraulic motor 24, a generator 25, an oil tank 26, a hydraulic pump 27, a compressor 28, etc.

[0041] The energy storage device 20 operates in two processes: energy storage and energy release. The energy storage process is actually a liquid-gas coupling process, and the energy release process is actually a gas-liquid coupling process.

[0042] During the energy release process, high-pressure air is released from high-pressure gas tank 21 and enters the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22 to begin expansion, pushing the water in the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22 ( Figure 2 The shaded area (represented by the diagonal line) enters the oil-water separator 23, where water and hydraulic oil are present simultaneously. Figure 2(The shaded area in the middle horizontal line indicates that) water and hydraulic oil can be separated by diaphragm 231. As the water in the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22 enters the oil-water separator 23, the hydraulic oil in the oil-water separator 23 enters the hydraulic motor 24 through the circuit to drive the hydraulic motor 24 to rotate. It can be understood that the hydraulic motor 24 and the generator 25 are coaxially connected. Therefore, when the hydraulic motor 24 rotates, it can drive the generator 25 to rotate to generate electrical energy. At the same time, the hydraulic oil flows into the oil tank 26 through the hydraulic motor 24.

[0043] During the energy storage process, excess electrical energy drives the compressor 28 to start. The compressor 28 controls the hydraulic pump 27 to pressurize and push the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 26 into the oil-water separator 23. As the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 26 enters the oil-water separator 23, the water in the oil-water separator 23 is pushed out of the oil-water separator 23 and enters the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22. This causes the low-pressure air in the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22 to be pushed out of the water and, after further expansion, enters the high-pressure gas tank 21, thereby realizing the energy storage process.

[0044] To ensure stable power generation of generator 25, this embodiment specifically simulates the energy release process of energy storage device 20. Specifically, the air expansion model simulates high-pressure air entering the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22, water in the gas-liquid expansion chamber 22 entering the oil-water separator 23, and oil in the oil-water separator 23 flowing through the circuit to the inlet valve of hydraulic motor 24. The hydraulic power generation model specifically simulates hydraulic oil in the oil-water separator 23 flowing through the inlet valve of hydraulic motor 24 to hydraulic motor 24, and hydraulic motor 24 driving generator 25 to generate electricity. Optionally, to ensure circuit integrity, the hydraulic power generation model can also simulate hydraulic oil flowing into oil tank 26 through hydraulic motor 24, and the air expansion model can also simulate compressor 28 controlling hydraulic pump 27 to pressurize and push hydraulic oil from oil tank 26 into oil-water separator 23.

[0045] In some embodiments, as can be seen from the above energy release process, the output torque T of the hydraulic motor 24 is related to the working pressure p of the hydraulic oil, the displacement v required per unit revolution of the hydraulic motor 24, and the mechanical efficiency y. Therefore, the corresponding formula is: T = (p × v × y) / 2π; Where π is the ratio of a circle's diameter to its circumference.

[0046] Since generator 25 and hydraulic motor 24 rotate coaxially, and their rotational speeds w are the same, the output mechanical efficiency p of generator 25 is the product of the output torque T of hydraulic motor 24 and its rotational speed w. Considering the electromechanical conversion efficiency g of generator 25, the power generation Pt of generator 25 is: Pt=T×w×g=(p×v×y×w×g) / 2π; Let k = (y × g) / 2π, where k is the inherent efficiency coefficient of the energy storage device and is kept constant. The displacement v required per unit revolution of the hydraulic motor 24 is positively correlated with the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor 24. The hydraulic oil flow rate Q = v × w. Then the power generation Pt of the generator 25 can be simplified to: Pt = k × p × Q.

[0047] Therefore, to ensure the power generation Pt, it is only necessary to stabilize the product of the working pressure p and the hydraulic oil flow rate Q within a certain range. Due to the gas-liquid pressure balance, the working pressure p is equivalent to the gas pressure of high-pressure air. The gas pressure in the energy storage device decreases periodically and monotonically as the air expands, requiring the hydraulic oil flow rate Q to increase periodically and monotonically to ensure the stability of the power generation Pt. However, in related technologies, the change in air pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber is instantaneous, while the adjustment of the hydraulic oil flow rate requires a series of cumbersome formula calculations, command generation and transmission, and changes in the opening of the hydraulic motor's inlet valve, resulting in a physical delay between the flow rate change and the air pressure change. This can easily lead to situations where, when the gas pressure is high (e.g., at the peak pressure), the relevant adjustment command is not transmitted to the inlet valve in time, causing the inlet valve opening to also be at the peak flow rate of the hydraulic oil. Conversely, when the gas pressure is low (e.g., at the trough pressure), the inlet valve opening is at the trough flow rate of the hydraulic oil, thus affecting the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation and making it unable to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0048] To address the aforementioned issues, this application eliminates the physical delay between flow rate changes and air pressure changes by using a reference delay duration, ensuring the synchronicity of flow rate and air pressure changes. Furthermore, the reference delay duration is dynamically adjusted based on the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure. This allows for accurate acquisition of the required hydraulic oil flow rate by combining the actual real-time changes in air pressure, reducing the impact of instantaneous air pressure changes on power generation fluctuations, ensuring the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation, and ultimately enabling the compressed air energy storage system to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0049] It should be noted that, Figure 1 The diagram shows a scenario of the energy storage simulation system and Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the energy storage device shown is merely an example. The energy storage simulation system and scenario described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of energy storage technology and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0050] In this embodiment, the description will be from the perspective of a power control device, which can be integrated into a computer device with a storage unit and a microprocessor and thus computing power. In this embodiment, it will be described as a power control device.

[0051] based on Figure 1 and Figure 2 The scene diagram shown below will be combined with... Figures 3-9 The power control method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0052] Please see Figure 3 The diagram below illustrates a power control method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the method may include the following steps S101-S105.

[0053] S101, at the first moment within the running cycle, obtain the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model; Specifically, during the energy release process, the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber can exhibit a periodic, monotonically decreasing trend. The power control device can collect a set of gas pressure values ​​from the air expansion model within a target time period, and generate a pressure change curve of the gas pressure as the operating cycle progresses. Similarly, when generating the pressure change curve, a set of hydraulic oil flow rates for the hydraulic motor output by the hydraulic power generation model can also be collected within the target time period. This set of flow rates can then be used to generate a flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow rate in the hydraulic power generation model as the operating cycle progresses.

[0054] The operating cycle can be represented as the duration of a single energy release process from start to finish. The duration of the target time period needs to be greater than or equal to this cycle duration to present the pressure and flow rate change curves within the complete operating cycle. The moment can be represented as a reference moment within this cycle duration. In this embodiment, after the power control device starts running the simulation model, it can obtain the first pressure value output by the air expansion model at the first moment of the operating cycle for the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber. The first moment can be represented as the current moment within the operating cycle, for example, the 2nd second of the energy release process.

[0055] S102, Based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value at a historical time, determine the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure between the historical time and the first time; Specifically, the historical moment can be the moment preceding the first moment. This means that the power control device can acquire the gas pressure value in the gas-liquid expansion chamber every target time interval during the operating cycle. The interval between the first moment and the historical moment is the target time interval. After the power control device starts running the simulation model, it can store each acquired pressure value and the corresponding acquisition time until the simulation model completes one full energy release process.

[0056] In this embodiment of the application, since the change in gas pressure is instantaneous, the change in gas pressure does not necessarily follow the pressure value change curve exactly. When the rate of decrease in gas pressure suddenly increases or suddenly slows down, the power control device can obtain the recorded second pressure value at the first moment after obtaining the first pressure value at the first moment, and determine the instantaneous rate of change between the first pressure value and the second pressure value.

[0057] S103, Adjust the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration; S104, determine the second moment based on the total duration of the first moment and the target delay; In steps S103 and S104, the reference delay duration can be used to ensure that the power generation value determined by the pressure and flow rate values ​​within the control cycle meets the target power range. After generating the pressure and flow rate change curves, the power control device can determine the reference delay duration for hydraulic oil flow control of the hydraulic motor based on these curves. It is understood that in related technologies, the adjustment of hydraulic oil flow often lags behind changes in air pressure due to calculations, command generation, etc. That is, there is a physical delay between flow rate changes and air pressure changes. This can easily lead to situations where, when the gas pressure is high (e.g., at the peak pressure), the relevant adjustment command fails to be transmitted to the inlet valve in time, resulting in the inlet valve opening also being at the peak flow rate of the hydraulic oil. Conversely, when the gas pressure is low (e.g., at the valley pressure), the inlet valve opening is at the valley flow rate of the hydraulic oil.

[0058] Please see also Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4This illustrates a scenario in related technologies where there is a physical time delay between changes in flow rate and changes in air pressure. At time T1, when a peak gas pressure is detected, the hydraulic oil flow rate is adjusted to a trough value only at time T2 due to calculations and command generation. Meanwhile, at time T2, the gas pressure has already reached its trough value. When a trough gas pressure is detected at time T2, the hydraulic oil flow rate is adjusted to a peak value only at time T3. At time T3, the gas pressure has already reached the peak value of the next operating cycle, which was the peak value at time T1. Here, T1, T2, and T3 are all times; one operating cycle of the pressure change curve is from T1 to T2, and one operating cycle of the flow rate change curve is from T2 to T3.

[0059] Please see also Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This demonstrates how the physical delay between flow rate changes and pressure changes can be eliminated using a reference delay duration Δt, such as... Figure 5 As shown, at time T1, when the gas pressure peak is detected, the hydraulic oil flow rate is adjusted to the flow valley value at time T2 due to calculation, command generation, and other reasons. The flow valley value at time T2 is directly shifted forward by the reference delay time Δt, so that the pressure peak value corresponds to the flow valley value. When the gas pressure valley value is detected at time T2, the hydraulic oil flow rate is adjusted to the flow peak value at time T3. The flow peak value at time T3 is directly shifted forward by the reference delay time Δt, so that the pressure valley value corresponds to the flow peak value.

[0060] Of course, the above Figure 4 and Figure 5 The curves shown are for illustrative purposes only. The reference delay time Δt can be determined based on the actual pressure peak and pressure trough of the gas pressure, as well as the flow trough and flow peak of the hydraulic oil flow. Alternatively, it can be determined by the actual steady-state fluctuation values ​​obtained from the pressure change curve and flow change curve.

[0061] In this embodiment, after acquiring the instantaneous rate of change, the power control device can adjust the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration. For example, when the instantaneous rate of change surges, it indicates that the rate of decrease in gas pressure suddenly increases. In this case, the reference delay duration can be extended to obtain a larger hydraulic oil flow rate. Conversely, when the instantaneous rate of change drops sharply, it indicates that the rate of decrease in gas pressure suddenly slows down. In this case, the reference delay duration can be shortened to obtain a smaller hydraulic oil flow rate, thereby avoiding affecting the stability of the power generation.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the instantaneous rate of change is greater than a first target rate of change threshold, the power control device can extend the reference delay duration using a target step size to obtain the target delay duration; when the instantaneous rate of change is less than a second target rate of change threshold, the power control device can reduce the reference delay duration using a target step size to obtain the target delay duration, wherein the first target rate of change threshold is greater than the second target rate of change threshold. It should be noted that since both the pressure change curve and the flow rate change curve are waveform curves, the first target rate of change threshold and the second target rate of change threshold are not the same at any given time. For example, they can be determined by the pressure change rate between any given time and its previous time.

[0063] Optionally, when the instantaneous rate of change is greater than the first target rate of change threshold, the power control device can calculate the rate of change difference between the instantaneous rate of change and the first target rate of change threshold, determine the duration change rate that needs to be extended by the magnitude of the rate of change difference, and determine the target delay duration based on the reference delay duration and the duration change rate; or it can obtain the range of the rate of change difference, extend the reference delay duration by the extension step size corresponding to the range of the difference, and obtain the target delay duration.

[0064] Similarly, when the instantaneous rate of change is less than the second target rate of change threshold, the power control device can calculate the rate of change difference between the instantaneous rate of change and the second target rate of change threshold, determine the duration change rate that needs to be reduced from the reference delay duration by the magnitude of the rate of change difference, and determine the target delay duration based on the reference delay duration and the duration change rate; or it can obtain the range of the rate of change difference, reduce the reference delay duration by the reduction step size corresponding to the range of the difference, and obtain the target delay duration.

[0065] The power control device can further add the first moment to the target delay duration to obtain the second moment.

[0066] In some embodiments, since the physical delay caused by the change in flow rate and the change in air pressure largely depends on the computing speed of the processor in the actual energy storage device, the power control device can also obtain the computing speed of the processor in the energy storage device. After determining the target delay duration, it can also determine the fine-tuning duration based on the computing speed and update and adjust the target delay duration based on the fine-tuning duration.

[0067] S105, obtain the target flow value of hydraulic oil at the second moment from the flow rate change curve of hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model, and input the valve opening control signal carrying the target flow value into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor. Specifically, the power control device can obtain the target flow value of the hydraulic oil flow at the second moment from the flow value change curve, and then generate a valve opening control signal based on the target flow value. The valve opening control signal is then input into the hydraulic power generation model. The valve opening control signal is used to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor according to the obtained target flow value.

[0068] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to the following: Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a power control method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, assuming the second pressure value obtained at historical time t1 is p1, the corresponding flow rate value is Q1 after adjustment by the reference delay time. The first pressure value obtained at the first time t2 is p2. In the pressure value change curve, the pressure value corresponding to the first time t2 should be p3, while p2 should only be reached at t3. Therefore, by calculating the instantaneous change rate of p2 and p1, which is the change rate of one sampling interval, compared with the change rate of p1 and p3, the instantaneous change rate of p2 and p1 increases sharply. It can be determined that the pressure value has undergone a nonlinear accelerated decrease at t2. At this time, the hydraulic oil flow rate needs to be increased accordingly.

[0069] Please see again Figure 6 At t2, the corresponding flow rate value Q3 can be obtained by adjusting the reference delay time. However, since the pressure value decreases nonlinearly at t2, it is necessary to extend the reference delay time to obtain the target flow rate value Q2 corresponding to t3, so as to avoid affecting the stability of power generation.

[0070] In this embodiment, the physical delay between flow rate change and air pressure change is eliminated by using a reference delay duration, ensuring the synchronization of flow rate change and air pressure change. The reference delay duration is dynamically adjusted by the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure, which can accurately obtain the actual required hydraulic oil flow rate value by combining the real-time changes of actual air pressure. This reduces the impact of instantaneous changes in air pressure on power generation fluctuations, ensures the stability of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system, and enables the compressed air energy storage system to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0071] Please see Figure 7 The diagram below illustrates a power control method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 7 As shown, the method may include the following steps S201-S204.

[0072] S201, Collect the set of pressure values ​​of gas pressure in gas-liquid expansion chamber output by air expansion model and the set of flow values ​​of hydraulic oil flow for hydraulic motor output by hydraulic power generation model within the target time period. S202, based on the pressure value set, obtain the pressure value change curve of gas pressure in the air expansion model as the time of the operation cycle changes; S203, based on the flow value set, obtain the flow value change curve of hydraulic oil flow rate with the time of the operating cycle in the hydraulic power generation model; S204, Based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve, determine the reference delay time for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model; In steps S201 to S204, during the energy release process, the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber can exhibit a periodic monotonically decreasing trend. The power control device can collect a set of gas pressure values ​​in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model within a target time period, and generate a pressure change curve of the gas pressure as a function of the operating cycle using this set of pressure values. Similarly, when generating the pressure change curve, a set of hydraulic oil flow rates for the hydraulic motor output by the hydraulic power generation model can also be collected within the target time period. Using this set of flow rates, a flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow rate in the hydraulic power generation model as a function of the operating cycle can be generated.

[0073] The operating cycle can be represented as the duration of a single energy release process from start to finish. The duration of the target time period needs to be greater than or equal to the duration of this cycle in order to present the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve within the complete operating cycle. The moment can be represented as the reference moment within the duration of this cycle.

[0074] The reference delay duration can be used to control the power generation value determined by the pressure and flow values ​​within the operating cycle to meet the target power range. After generating the pressure and flow change curves, the power control device can determine the reference delay duration for hydraulic oil flow control of the hydraulic motor based on the pressure and flow change curves.

[0075] In a first feasible embodiment of this application, the reference delay duration can be determined based on the actual peak and trough values ​​of the gas pressure, and the trough and peak values ​​of the hydraulic oil flow rate. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 8 The following is a flowchart illustrating a power control method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the method may include the following steps S301-S302.

[0076] S301, based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve, determine the trend relationship between gas pressure and hydraulic oil flow rate; S302, Based on the trend relationship, determine the peak-valley misalignment time between the gas pressure change curve and the hydraulic oil flow change curve, and determine the peak-valley misalignment time as the reference delay time for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model. In steps S301 and S302, after acquiring the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve, the power control device can determine the trend relationship between the gas pressure and the hydraulic oil flow rate. The trend relationship is used to indicate that during the operation cycle of the energy release process, the gas pressure value change curve shows a downward trend, and the hydraulic oil flow rate change curve shows an upward trend.

[0077] After determining the trend relationship, the power control device can obtain the pressure peak and trough values ​​from the pressure value change curve and the flow rate peak and trough values ​​from the flow rate change curve. The power control device can obtain the first interval between the first peak time corresponding to the pressure peak and the first trough time corresponding to the flow trough, and the second interval between the second trough time corresponding to the pressure trough and the second peak time corresponding to the flow peak. The power control device can calculate the average interval between the first and second intervals, and determine this average interval as the peak-trough misalignment time between the gas pressure change curve and the hydraulic oil flow rate change curve. Furthermore, the peak-trough misalignment time is determined as the reference delay time for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0078] In a second feasible implementation of this application, the reference delay duration can be determined by the actual steady-state fluctuation values ​​obtained from the pressure change curve and the flow rate change curve. Please refer to [the relevant documentation]. Figure 9 The following is a flowchart illustrating a power control method according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 As shown, the method may include the following steps S401-S403.

[0079] S401, for each candidate delay duration in the candidate delay duration set, the candidate delay duration is used to delay each set time in the operation cycle to obtain each target time after delay processing. The candidate delay duration set is a delay duration set based on the phase difference of pressure and flow in each pressure and flow change cycle. S402, obtain the test pressure value at each set time from the pressure value change curve, and obtain the test flow value at each target time from the flow value change curve; In steps S401 and S402, the power control device can determine multiple candidate delay durations within the operating cycle. For example, assuming an operating cycle is 10 seconds, 1 second, 2 seconds, 5 seconds, and 10 seconds can be selected as candidate delay durations respectively. The maximum duration of the candidate delay duration is less than or equal to the duration of the operating cycle. The candidate delay duration can be selected randomly or based on the target step size.

[0080] For each candidate delay duration, the power control device can use the candidate delay duration to perform delay processing on each set time in the operating cycle to obtain each target time after delay processing. The candidate delay duration can be any candidate delay duration in the set of candidate delay durations. Each set time can be multiple reference times for selecting the test pressure value in the pressure value change curve. By adding each set time to the candidate delay duration, each target time after delay processing is determined. Each target time can be multiple reference times for selecting the test flow value in the flow value change curve. Each set time corresponds one-to-one with each target time.

[0081] The power control device can obtain the test pressure value at each set time from the pressure value change curve, and the test flow rate value at each target time from the flow rate change curve.

[0082] S403, based on the test pressure value and the test flow value, determines the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration, and based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration, determines the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model in each candidate delay duration; Specifically, the power control device can determine the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on the test pressure value and the test flow rate value. The steady-state fluctuation value can be used to represent the fluctuation relationship between the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time under the candidate delay duration. Specifically, it can include at least one of the average power fluctuation value and the curve variance value. The average power fluctuation value can be determined by the test power generation value calculated by multiplying the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time. The curve variance value can be calculated by the difference between the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time.

[0083] The power control device can determine the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model within each candidate delay duration based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration.

[0084] Regarding the average power fluctuation value, the power control device can determine the test power generation value of the hydraulic power generation model at each set time based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time. In some embodiments, the power control device acquires the test pressure value at any set time and the test flow rate value at the corresponding target time. The test power generation value corresponding to that set time can be determined using the test pressure value and the test flow rate value. Similarly, for the test pressure values ​​at other set times and the test flow rates at other target times, the test power generation value corresponding to each set time can be obtained through a one-to-one correspondence.

[0085] The power control device can acquire the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model for each test power generation value. The power generation threshold can be a reference power generation value determined by the pressure change curve and the flow rate change curve. In some embodiments, the power control device can acquire the pressure peak and pressure trough values ​​from the pressure change curve and the flow rate peak and flow rate trough values ​​from the flow rate change curve. A first power generation value is determined based on the pressure peak and flow rate trough values, and a second power generation value is determined based on the pressure trough and flow rate peak values. The power control device can determine the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model based on the first and second power generation values. For example, the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model can be determined by the average power generation value of the first and second power generation values, or by the maximum power generation value between the first and second power generation values. The power fluctuation value can be expressed as the rate of change between the test power generation value and the power generation threshold. The power control device can determine the average power fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on each power fluctuation value.

[0086] The power control device can obtain the minimum average power fluctuation value from the average power fluctuation values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and determine the first candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum average power fluctuation value as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0087] Regarding the curve variance value, the power control device can determine the curve variance value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time. In some embodiments, the power control device can obtain the difference between the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at the corresponding target time, and then use the variance calculation formula and each difference to calculate the curve variance value corresponding to the candidate delay duration.

[0088] The power control device can obtain the minimum curve variance value from the curve variance values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and determine the second candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum curve variance value as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0089] It should be noted that if both the average power fluctuation value and the curve variance value are used as steady-state fluctuation values, then the minimum average power fluctuation value can be obtained from the average power fluctuation values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and the first candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum average power fluctuation value can be obtained. In addition, the minimum curve variance value can be obtained from the curve variance values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and the second candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum curve variance value can be obtained.

[0090] If the first candidate delay duration is the same as the second candidate delay duration, then the first candidate delay duration or the second candidate delay duration can be determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model; if the first candidate delay duration is different from the second candidate delay duration, then the average delay duration of the first candidate delay duration and the second candidate delay duration can be obtained and determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0091] In this embodiment, the reference delay time of the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor is specifically determined by using the actual peak and valley values ​​of the gas pressure and the valley and peak values ​​of the hydraulic oil flow, or by using the pressure change curve and the flow change curve to obtain the actual steady-state fluctuation value. This improves the accuracy of the reference delay time calculation, ensures the dynamic adjustment effect of the hydraulic oil flow value by the reference delay time, further reduces the impact of instantaneous changes in air pressure on the fluctuation of power generation, and ensures the stability of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0092] In this embodiment, to ensure the reliability of the energy storage simulation system, it is necessary to further adjust the on / off states of the gas valves and the oil tank valves in the energy storage simulation system to simulate the processes of oil inlet and outlet in the oil tank, and gas outlet and inlet in the gas valves. The oil tank valves may include inlet and outlet valves, and the gas valves may include inlet and outlet valves. Since hydraulic oil can be vented when flowing into the oil tank through the inlet valve, the outlet valve can be the same as the inlet valve. The inlet valve can be located between the high-pressure gas tank and the gas-liquid expansion chamber.

[0093] Hydraulic oil flows into the oil tank through the hydraulic motor and the inlet valve. During the energy storage process, the hydraulic oil is pushed into the oil-water separator through the outlet valve. Air is exhausted as the hydraulic oil flows into the oil tank through the inlet valve. High-pressure air enters the gas-liquid expansion chamber through the air inlet valve.

[0094] In this embodiment, the power control device determines the hydraulic oil level by measuring the level of the hydraulic oil tank. During the operating cycle, the power control device can obtain the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic power generation model. Based on the level, it determines the gas valve control signal and / or the oil tank valve control signal of the energy storage simulation system. Then, it inputs the gas valve control signal to the air expansion model to adjust the opening and closing state of the gas valve, and / or inputs the oil tank valve control signal to the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening and closing state of the oil tank valve.

[0095] based on Figure 1 and Figure 2 The scene diagram shown below will be combined with... Figure 10 The power control device provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail. The meanings of the terms used are the same as in the method embodiments described above, and specific implementation details can be found in the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0096] Please see Figure 10 The diagram below provides a structural schematic of a power control device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the power control device 1 of this application embodiment can be applied to an energy storage simulation system. The energy storage simulation system is a simulation model of an energy storage device. The power control device is connected to the simulation model, which includes an air expansion model and a hydraulic power generation model.

[0097] The power control device 1 may include a pressure value acquisition unit 11, a pressure change rate determination unit 12, a duration adjustment unit 13, a time determination unit 14, and a valve opening control unit 15, etc.

[0098] The pressure value acquisition unit 11 is used to acquire the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model at the first moment during the operation cycle. The pressure change rate determination unit 12 is used to determine the instantaneous change rate of gas pressure between the historical time and the first time based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value at the historical time. The historical time is the time before the first time in the operating cycle. The duration adjustment unit 13 is used to adjust the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change in order to obtain the target delay duration; The timing determination unit 14 is used to determine the second timing based on the total duration of the first timing and the target delay duration; The valve opening control unit 15 is used to obtain the target flow value of hydraulic oil at the second moment from the flow value change curve of hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model, and input the valve opening control signal carrying the target flow value into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor. The reference delay duration is used to ensure that the power generation value determined by the pressure and flow values ​​within the control cycle meets the target power range.

[0099] In some embodiments, the power control device 1 further includes: The data acquisition unit (unlabeled) is used to acquire the set of pressure values ​​of gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model and the set of flow values ​​of hydraulic oil flow for the hydraulic motor output by the hydraulic power generation model within the target time period. The first curve acquisition unit (unlabeled) is used to acquire the pressure value change curve of gas pressure in the air expansion model as the time of the operating cycle changes, based on the pressure value set. The second curve acquisition unit (unlabeled) is used to acquire the flow rate change curve of hydraulic oil flow rate with time of the operating cycle in the hydraulic power generation model based on the flow rate value set. The delay duration determination unit (unidentified) is used to determine the reference delay duration of the hydraulic oil flow rate for the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve.

[0100] In some implementations, the delay duration determination unit (unidentified) includes: The relationship determination subunit (unidentified) is used to determine the trend relationship between gas pressure and hydraulic oil flow rate based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve; The first duration determination subunit (unlabeled) is used to determine the peak-valley misalignment duration between the gas pressure change curve and the hydraulic oil flow change curve based on the trend relationship, and to determine the peak-valley misalignment duration as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model. Among them, the pressure peak value of the pressure value change curve corresponds to the flow trough value of the flow value change curve, and the pressure trough value of the pressure value change curve corresponds to the flow peak value of the flow value change curve.

[0101] In some implementations, the delay duration determination unit (unidentified) includes: The time delay subunit (unmarked) is used to delay each set time in the running cycle for each candidate delay duration in the candidate delay duration set, so as to obtain each target time after delay processing. The data acquisition subunit (unidentified) is used to acquire the test pressure value at each set time in the pressure value change curve and the test flow value at each target time in the flow value change curve. The second duration determination subunit (unidentified) is used to determine the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on the test pressure value and the test flow rate value, and to determine the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model in each candidate delay duration based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration.

[0102] In some implementations, the second duration determination subunit (unidentified) is specifically used for: Based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time, the test power generation value of the hydraulic power generation model at each set time is determined; For each test power generation value, the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model is obtained, and the average power fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration is determined based on each power fluctuation value. The minimum average power fluctuation value is obtained from the average power fluctuation values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration. The first candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum average power fluctuation value is determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0103] In some implementations, the second duration determination subunit (unidentified) is further configured to: acquire, before performing the acquisition of each test power generation value and the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model, Obtain the pressure peak and pressure trough values ​​from the pressure value change curve, and obtain the flow peak and flow trough values ​​from the flow rate change curve; The first power generation value is determined based on the pressure peak value and the flow trough value, and the second power generation value is determined based on the pressure trough value and the flow peak value. The power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model is determined based on the first power generation value and the second power generation value.

[0104] In some implementations, the second duration determination subunit (unidentified) is specifically used for: Based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test traffic value at each target time, determine the curve variance value corresponding to the candidate delay duration; The minimum curve variance value is obtained from the curve variance values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration. The second candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum curve variance value is determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

[0105] In some implementations, the duration adjustment unit 13 is specifically used for: When the instantaneous rate of change is greater than the first target rate of change threshold, the base delay duration is extended using the target step size to obtain the target delay duration; When the instantaneous rate of change is less than the second target rate of change threshold, the baseline delay duration is reduced using the target step size to obtain the target delay duration; Among them, the threshold for the first target rate of change is greater than the threshold for the second target rate of change.

[0106] In this embodiment, the physical delay between flow rate change and air pressure change is eliminated by using a reference delay duration, ensuring the synchronization of flow rate change and air pressure change. The reference delay duration is dynamically adjusted by the instantaneous rate of change of gas pressure, which can accurately obtain the actual required hydraulic oil flow rate value by combining the real-time changes of actual air pressure. This reduces the impact of instantaneous changes in air pressure on power generation fluctuations, ensures the stability of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system, and enables the compressed air energy storage system to meet the grid connection requirements.

[0107] By using actual gas pressure peaks and valleys, and hydraulic oil flow valleys and peaks, or by using pressure and flow rate change curves to determine actual steady-state fluctuation values, the baseline delay time for hydraulic oil flow in the hydraulic motor is determined. This improves the accuracy of the baseline delay time calculation, ensures the dynamic adjustment effect of hydraulic oil flow rate based on the baseline delay time, further reduces the impact of instantaneous gas pressure changes on power generation fluctuations, and ensures the stability of the compressed air energy storage system's power generation.

[0108] Please see Figure 11 The diagram below illustrates the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 This diagram illustrates a portion of the structural structure of a computer device 1000. The computer device 1000 can vary significantly due to differences in configuration or performance, and may include one or more Central Processing Units (CPUs) 1110 (e.g., one or more processors) and memory 1120, and one or more storage media 1130 (e.g., one or more mass storage devices) storing application programs 1131 or data 1132. The memory 1120 and storage media 1130 may be temporary or persistent storage. The program stored in the storage media 1130 may include one or more modules (not shown in the diagram), each module including a series of instruction operations on the computer device 1000. Furthermore, the CPU 1110 may be configured to communicate with the storage media 1130 and execute the series of instruction operations stored in the storage media 1130 on the computer device 1000.

[0109] Computer device 1000 may also include one or more power supplies 1140, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 1150, one or more input / output interfaces 1160, and / or one or more operating systems 1133, such as Windows Server™, Mac OS X™, Unix™, Linux™, FreeBSD™, etc.

[0110] The central processing unit 1110 in the computer device 1000 can be used to execute the method of the above embodiment, namely: at a first moment in the operating cycle, acquiring a first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model; determining the instantaneous rate of change of the gas pressure between the historical moment and the first moment based on the first pressure value and a second pressure value at a historical moment, where the historical moment is the moment before the first moment in the operating cycle; adjusting the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain a target delay duration; determining a second moment based on the first moment and the target delay duration; acquiring the target flow rate value of the hydraulic oil flow corresponding to the second moment from the flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model; and inputting a valve opening control signal carrying the target flow rate value into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor; wherein, the reference delay duration is used to control the power generation value determined by the pressure value and flow rate value in the operating cycle to meet the target power range.

[0111] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for executing the methods of the foregoing embodiments, namely: at a first moment within an operating cycle, acquiring a first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by an air expansion model; determining the instantaneous rate of change of the gas pressure between the historical moment and the first moment based on the first pressure value and a second pressure value at a historical moment, where the historical moment is the moment preceding the first moment in the operating cycle; adjusting a reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain a target delay duration; determining a second moment based on the first moment and the target delay duration; acquiring the target flow rate value of the hydraulic oil flow corresponding to the second moment from the flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model; and inputting a valve opening control signal carrying the target flow rate value into a hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the inlet valve for the hydraulic motor; wherein, the reference delay duration is used to control the power generation value determined by the pressure value and flow rate value within the operating cycle to meet the target power range.

[0112] This disclosure also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program. A processor of a computer device reads and executes the computer program, causing the computer device to perform the methods of the foregoing embodiments.

[0113] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “including”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0114] It should be understood that in this disclosure, "at least one item" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0115] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this disclosure, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0116] In the several embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0117] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0118] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this disclosure can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0119] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this disclosure, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this disclosure. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0120] It should also be understood that the various implementation methods provided in this disclosure can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0121] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "module" or "unit" refer to a computer program or part of a computer program that has a predetermined function and works with other related parts to achieve a predetermined goal, and can be implemented wholly or partially using software, hardware (such as processing circuitry or memory), or a combination thereof. Similarly, a processor (or multiple processors or memory) can be used to implement one or more modules or units. Furthermore, each module or unit can be part of an overall module or unit that includes the functionality of that module or unit.

[0122] The above is a detailed description of the embodiments of this disclosure. However, this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A power control method for a compressed air energy storage simulation system, characterized in that, A power control device is applied to an energy storage simulation system, wherein the energy storage simulation system further includes a simulation model of the energy storage device, the power control device is connected to the simulation model, and the simulation model includes an air expansion model and a hydraulic power generation model; The method includes: At the first moment within the operating cycle, the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model is obtained; Based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value at a historical time, the instantaneous rate of change of the gas pressure between the historical time and the first time is determined, wherein the historical time is the time preceding the first time in the operating cycle; The reference delay duration is adjusted based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration; The second moment is determined based on the total duration of the first moment and the target delay. The target flow rate value of the hydraulic oil at the second moment is obtained from the flow rate change curve of the hydraulic oil flow rate obtained according to the air expansion model. The valve opening control signal carrying the target flow rate value is input into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before acquiring the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model at the first moment within the operating cycle, the method further includes: Within the target time period, the set of pressure values ​​of gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model and the set of flow values ​​of hydraulic oil flow for the hydraulic motor output by the hydraulic power generation model are collected. Based on the set of pressure values, obtain the pressure value change curve of the gas pressure in the air expansion model as the time of the operating cycle changes; Based on the set of flow values, obtain the flow value change curve of hydraulic oil flow rate in the hydraulic power generation model as the time of the operating cycle changes; Based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve, the reference delay time for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model is determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve includes: Based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve, determine the trend relationship between the gas pressure and the hydraulic oil flow rate; Based on the changing trend relationship, the peak-valley misalignment time between the gas pressure change curve and the hydraulic oil flow rate change curve is determined, and the peak-valley misalignment time is determined as the reference delay time for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model. Wherein, the pressure peak value of the pressure value change curve corresponds to the flow trough value of the flow rate change curve, and the pressure trough value of the pressure value change curve corresponds to the flow peak value of the flow rate change curve.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model based on the pressure value change curve and the flow rate change curve includes: For each candidate delay duration in the candidate delay duration set, the candidate delay duration is used to delay each set time in the running cycle to obtain each target time after delay processing; The test pressure value at each set time is obtained from the pressure value change curve, and the test flow value at each target time is obtained from the flow rate change curve. Based on the test pressure value and the test flow rate value, the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration is determined, and based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration, the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model is determined in each candidate delay duration.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on the test pressure value and the test flow rate value, and determining the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model for each candidate delay duration based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration, includes: Based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow rate value at each target time, the test power generation value of the hydraulic power generation model at each set time is determined; For each of the test power generation values, the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model is obtained, and the average power fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration is determined based on each power fluctuation value. The minimum average power fluctuation value is obtained from the average power fluctuation values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and the first candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum average power fluctuation value is determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before acquiring the power fluctuation value relative to the power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model for each of the test power generation values, the method further includes: The pressure peak and pressure trough values ​​are obtained from the pressure value change curve, and the flow rate peak and flow rate trough values ​​are obtained from the flow rate change curve; A first power generation value is determined based on the pressure peak value and the flow trough value, and a second power generation value is determined based on the pressure trough value and the flow peak value. The power generation threshold of the hydraulic power generation model is determined based on the first power generation value and the second power generation value.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of determining the steady-state fluctuation value corresponding to the candidate delay duration based on the test pressure value and the test flow rate value, and determining the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow rate of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model for each candidate delay duration based on the steady-state fluctuation value of each candidate delay duration, includes: Based on the test pressure value at each set time and the test flow value at each target time, the curve variance value corresponding to the candidate delay duration is determined; The minimum curve variance value is obtained from the curve variance values ​​corresponding to each candidate delay duration, and the second candidate delay duration corresponding to the minimum curve variance value is determined as the reference delay duration for the hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic motor in the hydraulic power generation model.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration includes: When the instantaneous rate of change is greater than the first target rate of change threshold, the reference delay duration is extended by the target step size to obtain the target delay duration; When the instantaneous rate of change is less than the second target rate of change threshold, the base delay duration is reduced using the target step size to obtain the target delay duration; Wherein, the first target rate of change threshold is greater than the second target rate of change threshold.

9. A power control device, characterized in that, The simulation model of the energy storage device in the energy storage simulation system is used in the energy storage simulation system. The power control device is connected to the simulation model. The simulation model includes an air expansion model and a hydraulic power generation model. The device includes: The pressure value acquisition unit is used to acquire the first pressure value of the gas pressure in the gas-liquid expansion chamber output by the air expansion model at the first moment during the operation cycle. The pressure change rate determination unit is used to determine the instantaneous change rate of the gas pressure between the historical time and the first time based on the first pressure value and the second pressure value at a historical time, wherein the historical time is the time before the first time in the operating cycle; The duration adjustment unit is used to adjust the reference delay duration based on the instantaneous rate of change to obtain the target delay duration; A time determination unit is used to determine a second time based on the total duration of the first time and the target delay duration; The valve opening control unit is used to obtain the target flow value of the hydraulic oil flow corresponding to the second moment from the flow value change curve of the hydraulic oil flow obtained according to the air expansion model, and input the valve opening control signal carrying the target flow value into the hydraulic power generation model to adjust the opening of the oil inlet valve for the hydraulic motor. The reference delay duration is used to control the power generation value determined by the pressure and flow values ​​within the operating cycle to meet the target power range.

10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the power control method of the compressed air energy storage simulation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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