Photovoltaic panel inclination determination method, apparatus, device, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic panel inclination angle determination method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product, which can be applied to the technical field of photovoltaic control. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first reflection position based on a current inclination angle of a photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is arranged on a first building roof, and the first reflection position represents a position of the photovoltaic panel reflecting a solar incident light to a second building at the current inclination angle; in response to the first reflection position entering any glare danger zone, determining a target reflection position according to a first glare danger zone in which the first reflection position is located, the target reflection position being located in a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare danger zone, and the glare danger zone and the glare safety zone being obtained by pre-dividing at least two floors of the second building based on a human eye visual reference line; and determining a target inclination angle for reflecting the solar incident light to the target reflection position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic control technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, equipment, medium, and program product for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many commercial buildings are accelerating the construction of rooftop distributed photovoltaic power stations to utilize idle rooftop resources to generate clean energy. However, the surface of photovoltaic panels has high reflectivity. Under certain conditions, after the photovoltaic panels reflect the incident sunlight, the reflected light will shine directly into the windows of surrounding residences, creating continuous glare, causing visual fatigue for residents, affecting their rest and health, and restricting the development of rooftop photovoltaic projects.

[0003] In related technologies, the tilt angle of photovoltaic panels is determined by optimizing power generation efficiency, but this tilt angle may cause glare to surrounding residences. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this application provide a method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a method for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel is provided, comprising: determining a first reflection position based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of a first building, and the first reflection position characterizes the position where the photovoltaic panel reflects incident sunlight onto a second building at the current tilt angle; in response to the first reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, determining a target reflection position based on the first glare hazard zone in which the first reflection position is located, wherein the target reflection position is located within a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare hazard zone, and the glare hazard zone and the glare safety zone are pre-divided based on a human visual reference line for at least two floors of the second building; and determining a target tilt angle for reflecting incident sunlight to the target reflection position.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the target reflection position includes: taking the current time as the first time, determining the movement direction of the reflection position based on the first time, the movement direction indicating the direction of change of the reflection position relative to the first reflection position at the next time; when the movement direction is upward, taking a position lower than the upper boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone as a candidate position, and when the movement direction is downward, taking a position higher than the lower boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone as a candidate position, wherein the adjacent glare safety zone is adjacent to the first glare danger zone; and taking the candidate position closest to the first reflection position as the target reflection position.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the direction of movement of the reflection position includes: if the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is before the reference moment, the direction of movement is upward; if the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is after the reference moment, the direction of movement is downward; wherein, the reference moment is the moment corresponding to the maximum solar altitude angle within a preset time range, and the first solar altitude angle indicates the angle between the incident solar ray and the ground plane at the first moment.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the target tilt angle for reflecting solar incident rays to the target reflection position includes: determining the target reflection elevation angle based on relative height and relative distance, wherein the target reflection elevation angle is the angle between the reflected ray and the ground plane, the relative height is the difference between the height of the target reflection position and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel, and the relative distance is the straight-line distance between the first building and the second building; calculating half of the sum of the target reflection elevation angle and the first solar elevation angle to obtain the normal elevation angle; and calculating the complementary angle of the normal elevation angle to obtain the target tilt angle.

[0009] According to an embodiment of this application, the current tilt angle is obtained as follows: based on a preset time discretization setting, a preset time range is divided into multiple time periods; for each of the multiple time periods, the tilt angle that maximizes the total irradiance in each time period is calculated based on the irradiance function and used as the current tilt angle. The irradiance function is used to calculate the total irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel in each time period under different tilt angles.

[0010] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the first reflection position includes: at each moment in each time period, determining a second solar altitude angle based on the solar declination angle, the solar hour angle at each moment, and the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the solar declination angle is determined based on the date corresponding to the time period; determining the complementary angle of the sum of the corrected tilt angle and the second solar altitude angle to obtain the reflection altitude angle, wherein the corrected tilt angle is obtained by multiplying the current tilt angle by two; calculating the product of the tangent of the reflection altitude angle and the relative distance to obtain the relative height; calculating the sum of the relative height and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel to obtain the reflection height, and taking the position corresponding to the reflection height on the second building as the first reflection position.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, the method further includes: iteratively updating the target reflection position and the target tilt angle until the target reflection position is within the glare safety zone in each time period; wherein, in any round of updating, in response to the target reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, an updated target reflection position is determined according to the second glare hazard zone where the target reflection position is located, and an updated target tilt angle is determined based on the updated target reflection position.

[0012] According to a second aspect of this application, a photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination device is provided, comprising: a first position determination module for determining a first reflection position based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of a first building, and the first reflection position represents the position where the photovoltaic panel reflects incident sunlight onto a second building at the current tilt angle; a target position determination module for determining a target reflection position based on the first glare hazard zone where the first reflection position is located, in response to the first reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, the target reflection position being located within a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare hazard zone, the glare hazard zone and the glare safety zone being pre-divided based on a human visual reference line for at least two floors of the second building; and a target tilt angle determination module for determining a target tilt angle for reflecting incident sunlight to the target reflection position.

[0013] According to a third aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory for storing one or more computer programs, wherein the one or more processors execute the one or more computer programs to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0014] According to a fourth aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, on which a computer program or instructions are stored, wherein the computer program or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method.

[0015] According to a fifth aspect of this application, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above-mentioned contents, other objects, features and advantages of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 The illustration schematically depicts an application scenario of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product according to embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel according to an embodiment of this application is shown schematically.

[0019] Figure 3 The illustration shows a scene diagram illustrating the installation position of a photovoltaic panel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 The illustration shows a schematic diagram of the time period during which glare may occur based on the relative positions of the first and second buildings, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 This schematic diagram illustrates the reflected light effects of glare hazard zones and glare safety zones according to embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates a geometrical representation of determining the direction of movement of the reflection position when the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees.

[0023] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a geometrical representation of determining the direction of movement of the reflection position when the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is less than 90 degrees.

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination device according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0025] Figure 9 A block diagram schematically illustrates an electronic device suitable for implementing a photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be implemented without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of this application.

[0027] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0028] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0029] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0030] Figure 1 The illustration schematically depicts an application scenario of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method, apparatus, device, medium, and program product according to embodiments of this application. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The examples shown are merely examples of scenarios in which the embodiments of this application can be applied, to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of this application, but do not mean that the embodiments of this application cannot be used in other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, application scenario 100 according to this embodiment may include the application scenario of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method. Network 104 serves as a medium for providing a communication link between the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and the server 105. Network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired or wireless communication links or fiber optic cables.

[0032] Users can use the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103 to interact with the server 105 via the network 104 to receive or send messages, etc. The first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103 can be tilt controllers used to control photovoltaic panels.

[0033] Server 105 can be a server providing various services, such as a back-end management server (for example only) supporting transactions supported by users using the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103. The back-end management server can analyze and process received user requests and other data, and feed the processing results back to the terminal devices. The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster consisting of multiple physical servers, or a distributed system. For example, server 105 is the central control hub for photovoltaic panels deployed in different locations.

[0034] It should be noted that the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method provided in this application embodiment can generally be executed by server 105 and / or terminal devices 101-103. Accordingly, the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination device provided in this application embodiment can generally be installed in server 105 and / or terminal devices 101-103.

[0035] It should be understood that Figure 1 The number of terminal devices, networks, and servers shown is merely illustrative. Depending on implementation needs, any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers can be included.

[0036] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel according to an embodiment of this application is shown schematically. Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method 200 according to an embodiment of this application may include steps S210 to S230. In step S210, a first reflection position is determined based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of a first building, and the first reflection position represents the position where the photovoltaic panel reflects the incident sunlight onto the second building at the current tilt angle; in step S220, in response to the first reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, a target reflection position is determined based on the first glare hazard zone where the first reflection position is located, the target reflection position is located in a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare hazard zone, and the glare hazard zone and the glare safety zone are pre-divided based on a human visual reference line for at least two floors of the second building; in step S230, a target tilt angle for reflecting the incident sunlight to the target reflection position is determined.

[0037] Figure 3 The illustration shows a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel installation location according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the first building can be a commercial building, such as a shopping mall, and the second building can be residential buildings surrounding the commercial building. Figure 3 Residential buildings that avoid glare. Photovoltaic panels ( Figure 3 The photovoltaic panel array is installed on the top of a commercial building (i.e., the rooftop), with the first building being lower than the second building. At certain times, sunlight incident on the second building is reflected by the photovoltaic panels and shines onto the second building, which may cause glare to the residents inside the second building.

[0038] For example, the photovoltaic panel is mounted on a bracket with a rotating structure, and the bracket is connected to a motor system. The tilt controller controls the motor system to rotate the bracket, thereby adjusting the photovoltaic panel to a set tilt angle.

[0039] For example, the amount of sunlight incident is affected by geographical location, date, and time. At the same geographical location, the amount of sunlight incident at the same time on different dates (e.g., winter and summer) is different, and the amount of sunlight incident also varies at different times of the day. Therefore, the impact of the reflected sunlight from the photovoltaic panels on the second building will also vary. Figure 3 In this scenario, reflected light may only affect the second building for a portion of the day. Generally, the second building is located to the south of the first building.

[0040] During periods when reflected light affects the second building and causes glare to residents in the second building, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels is adjusted to avoid glare.

[0041] For example, the time period during which reflected light affects the second building can be determined based on changes in the sun's azimuth angle.

[0042] Figure 4 This illustration schematically shows a method for determining potential glare periods based on the relative positions of a first building and a second building, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the photovoltaic panel, the second building, the incident light, and the reflected light are displayed as their projections onto the ground plane. Only the projection of the line segment where the incident light intersects the photovoltaic panel is shown. The moment of maximum solar altitude angle within a day is used as the reference time, such as... Figure 4 As shown, before the reference time, the reflected light may illuminate the second building (i.e., the residence), but after the reference time, the positions of the incident and reflected light change, so the reflected light will not illuminate the second building and therefore will not produce a glare effect.

[0043] For example, the time period where glare may occur can be pre-calculated based on the solar azimuth angle, and this time period can be used as the first preset time period. Figure 4 As shown, the distance between the photovoltaic panels and the second building in the north-south direction is L, and the spacing in the east-west direction is [missing information]. Given that the width of the second building in the east-west direction is W, the starting azimuth angle γ1 and the ending azimuth angle γ2, which may cause glare, can be calculated based on these distance parameters. The starting time is determined based on the starting azimuth angle γ1, and the ending time is determined based on the ending azimuth angle γ2. The time range between the starting and ending times is set as a first preset time period, representing the period during which the residential building may be affected by glare. Specifically, the first preset time period corresponding to each date is pre-calculated. Therefore, it is only within the first preset time period that it is determined whether each time will cause glare to the second building. If glare is caused, the tilt angle is adjusted to the target tilt angle.

[0044] For example, the current tilt angle within the time period is set according to the power generation optimization settings of the photovoltaic panel. At any given time, based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, the landing point of the reflected light on the outer surface of the second building is determined, that is, the intersection point of the reflected light and the outer surface of the second building. This landing point / intersection point is also the reflection position.

[0045] Figure 5 This diagram schematically illustrates the reflected light effects of glare hazard zones and glare safety zones according to embodiments of this application. Figure 5 As shown, photovoltaic panels are installed on the top of the first building / shopping mall. The photovoltaic panels reflect the incident sunlight, and the reflected light shines on the second building. The distance between the first building and the second building is a relative distance. Figure 5An example is shown depicting a first building, a second building, and the projection of reflected light onto an observation plane perpendicular to the ground plane and perpendicular to the east-west direction / latitude of the Earth. In the height direction, the outer surface of the second building is divided into a glare hazard zone (non-shaded area) and a glare safety zone (shaded area). The glare hazard zone can be the area of ​​windows below the visual baseline of a single floor. Figure 5 Within the A0 area, if reflected light falls within this area, residents on that floor are highly likely to be directly exposed to the reflected light. Window areas and wall areas outside this area are designated as glare safety zones (e.g., [areas within the A0 area]). Figure 5 (As shown in areas A1 and A2), where area A1 is the distance from the area below the window of the current floor to the floor dividing line, and area A2 is the distance from the area above the window of the next floor to the floor dividing line. The floor dividing line indicates the dividing line between the ceiling of the next floor and the floor of the previous floor. Figure 5 As shown, if the reflected light falls within the glare safety zone, the light will not directly reach the eyes because the window is too high, or the reflected light will fall on the wall and be blocked by the wall. In this case, the residents on the floor will not be affected by glare. Figure 5 As shown, at an angle of inclination θ1, the reflected light falls in the glare safety zone, while at an angle of inclination θ2, the reflected light falls in the glare danger zone.

[0046] For example, the human visual baseline can be set based on the average visual baseline per person, such as 1.6 to 1.7 meters. Alternatively, after obtaining authorization from residents, the actual human visual baseline data of residents can be collected, and the floors of the second building can be divided into glare hazard zones and glare safety zones based on the highest human visual baseline corresponding to each resident on each floor. Generally, in the vertical direction, glare hazard zones and glare safety zones are distributed alternately.

[0047] For example, it is determined whether the reflection position falls within a glare hazard zone; and, because the incident sunlight changes at different times, the reflection position may also move. The reflection position may enter a glare hazard zone after moving. If the reflection position falls within or enters a glare hazard zone, the target reflection position is corrected to a glare-safe zone adjacent to the glare hazard zone where the current reflection position is located. After reverse calculation, the target tilt angle is determined. This target tilt angle is then sent to the tilt controller, which drives the motor system to rotate the photovoltaic panel, adjusting the tilt angle to the target tilt angle.

[0048] For example, the photovoltaic panel includes multiple operating modes, such as windproof mode, snowproof mode, and anti-glare mode. The tilt controller receives weather signals / mode control signals and switches the operating mode according to these signals. For instance, in windy or snowy weather, equipment protection is prioritized, and the tilt angle is set to windproof or snowproof. When weather conditions are suitable for power generation, the anti-glare mode is activated. If glare occurs to a second building while generating electricity according to the set current tilt angle, the target tilt angle is obtained, and the current tilt angle is adjusted to the target tilt angle.

[0049] For example, the photovoltaic panel is also equipped with a wind speed sensor to detect wind speed. The wind speed sensor transmits the wind speed to the tilt controller. In any operating mode (such as anti-glare operating mode), in response to detecting that the wind speed exceeds a first preset threshold, the tilt controller adjusts the current tilt angle to a windproof tilt angle. Under the windproof tilt angle, there will be no glare effect on the residents of the second building. For example, the windproof tilt angle is 0°.

[0050] For example, the photovoltaic panel is also equipped with a snow depth sensor to detect the snow depth on the photovoltaic panel. The snow depth sensor transmits the snow depth to the tilt controller. In response to detecting that the snow depth exceeds a second preset threshold, the tilt controller adjusts the current tilt angle to a snow-proof tilt angle, for example, a snow-proof tilt angle of 90°.

[0051] According to the embodiments of this application, by calculating the position of the solar incident light reflected by the photovoltaic panel onto the second building at different times, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to a target angle that does not cause glare to the residents when glare occurs. This achieves the goal of generating electricity by utilizing the open area on the roof of a building in the city, while reducing the glare impact on the surrounding residents.

[0052] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the target reflection position includes: taking the current time as the first time, determining the movement direction of the reflection position based on the first time, the movement direction indicating the direction of change of the reflection position relative to the first reflection position at the next time; when the movement direction is upward, taking a position lower than the upper boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone as a candidate position, and when the movement direction is downward, taking a position higher than the lower boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone as a candidate position, wherein the adjacent glare safety zone is adjacent to the first glare danger zone; and taking the candidate position closest to the first reflection position as the target reflection position.

[0053] For example, the solar incident rays at different times are characterized by the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle. The solar altitude angle refers to the angle between the solar rays and the horizontal plane, and the solar azimuth angle refers to the angle between the projection of the rays onto the horizontal plane and the due south direction.

[0054] For example, in order to avoid the need for a continuously driven motor system to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, when determining the target reflection position, the direction of movement of the reflection position is taken into account to maximize the movement of the reflection position within the glare safety zone.

[0055] Generally, any glare hazard zone has two adjacent glare safety zones. When moving upwards, a position below the preset height of the upper boundary of either adjacent glare safety zone is selected as a candidate position. When moving downwards, a position above the preset height of the lower boundary of either adjacent glare safety zone is selected as a candidate position. The candidate position closer to the first reflection position among the two adjacent glare safety zones is selected as the target reflection position. The tilt angle is adjusted as gradually as possible.

[0056] The preset height can be the height of the glare safety zone, or it can be lower than the height of the glare safety zone.

[0057] According to embodiments of this application, by moving in the direction of the reflection position, a position adapted to the changing pattern of solar incident light is determined from the adjacent glare safety zone, thereby adjusting the tilt angle with the smallest possible amplitude while avoiding glare impact on residents, thus reducing the loss of power generation efficiency to a smaller extent.

[0058] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the direction of movement of the reflection position includes: if the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is before the reference moment, the direction of movement is upward; if the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is after the reference moment, the direction of movement is downward; wherein, the reference moment is the moment corresponding to the maximum solar altitude angle within a preset time range, and the first solar altitude angle indicates the angle between the incident solar ray and the ground plane at the first moment.

[0059] For example, the preset time range is the time it takes for the Earth to rotate once at the latitude where the photovoltaic panels are installed, i.e., one day. The preset time range can also be the time range between sunrise and sunset.

[0060] For example, the reference time is the time corresponding to the maximum solar altitude angle at the latitude where the photovoltaic panels are located within the Earth's rotation period. For instance, the reference time is 12:00 noon.

[0061] For example, the reflection position of the reflected light on the second building can be calculated using a three-dimensional spatial vector.

[0062] For example, the reflection position of the reflected light on the second building can be quickly calculated by projecting the three-dimensional spatial vectors representing the incident and reflected sunlight onto a target plane, which is a plane including the cross-section of the photovoltaic panel and the longitudinal cross-section of the second building.

[0063] Figure 6 This schematically illustrates a geometric diagram for determining the direction of movement of the reflection position when the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees. (Example) Figure 6 As shown, line AO ​​represents the photovoltaic panel, line GC represents the normal to the photovoltaic panel, line FO represents the incident solar ray, and line OE represents the reflected ray. ∠FBA represents the solar altitude angle, which is expressed using... Let ∠OAD represent the tilt angle θ of the photovoltaic panel. Then the reflected light elevation angle ∠EDA is... Figure 6 As shown, in When the sum of θ and θ is greater than or equal to 90°, that is, when ∠AOB is less than 90°, the following equation holds:

[0064] ;

[0065] ;

[0066] Therefore:

[0067] .

[0068] Therefore, at the current tilt angle If the solar altitude angle remains constant, during periods when the solar altitude angle gradually increases to its maximum value (such as in the morning), the altitude angle of the reflected light decreases, and thus the direction of movement of the reflection position is downward.

[0069] Figure 7 This schematically illustrates a geometric diagram for determining the direction of reflection position movement when the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is less than 90 degrees. (See diagram for example.) Figure 7 As shown, in When the sum of θ and θ is less than 90 degrees and the reflection elevation angle ∠EDA is less than 90 degrees... During periods when the sun's altitude angle gradually rises to its maximum (such as in the morning), the altitude angle of reflected light decreases, and thus, the direction of movement of the reflection position is also downward. It's important to note that when the reflection altitude angle is close to 90°, the reflected light may enter the air without causing glare to the secondary building. Therefore, the time periods during which reflected light will affect the secondary building can be determined in advance.

[0070] For example, the maximum impact reflection elevation angle is calculated as follows: :

[0071] .

[0072] In the formula, Indicates the height of the second building. This indicates the installation height of the photovoltaic panels on the top of the first building, and distance indicates the straight-line distance between the second building and the first building, i.e., the relative distance, when the reflection height angle is... Greater than In this case, the reflected light will not cause glare to the second building. The building's height and relative distance can be obtained from architectural drawings, measured using distance sensors, or calculated based on satellite data. When the reflection elevation angle is greater than... In this case, the sunlight will not cause glare to the second building, so there is no need to adjust the current tilt angle.

[0073] According to an embodiment of this application, by pre-analyzing that the reflection elevation angle is negatively correlated with the solar elevation angle, the variation law of the reflection elevation angle is determined accordingly based on the variation law of the solar elevation angle, so that the target reflection position can be determined based on the variation law of the reflection elevation angle.

[0074] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the target tilt angle for reflecting solar incident rays to the target reflection position includes: determining the target reflection elevation angle based on relative height and relative distance, wherein the target reflection elevation angle is the angle between the reflected ray and the ground plane, the relative height is the difference between the height of the target reflection position and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel, and the relative distance is the straight-line distance between the first building and the second building; calculating half of the sum of the target reflection elevation angle and the first solar elevation angle to obtain the normal elevation angle; and calculating the complementary angle of the normal elevation angle to obtain the target tilt angle.

[0075] For example, the target reflection elevation angle The calculation method is as follows:

[0076] ;

[0077] in, Indicates the height of the target's reflection position above the ground plane. Indicates relative distance.

[0078] Based on the aforementioned formula: .

[0079] Then in for At that time, the target tilt angle for:

[0080] ;

[0081] in, Let GC be the angle between the photovoltaic panel normal and the ground plane.

[0082] If the sum of angles A and B is 90°, then angles A and B are complementary angles.

[0083] According to the embodiments of this application, the target tilt angle can be calculated by back-calculating based on the target reflection position, and the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel can be conveniently adjusted to the target tilt angle. This avoids the glare effect of the photovoltaic panel on surrounding residents while ensuring power generation efficiency, and the calculation is simple.

[0084] According to an embodiment of this application, the current tilt angle is obtained as follows: based on a preset time discretization setting, a preset time range is divided into multiple time periods; for each of the multiple time periods, the tilt angle that maximizes the total irradiance in each time period is calculated based on the irradiance function and used as the current tilt angle. The irradiance function is used to calculate the total irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel in each time period under different tilt angles.

[0085] For example, the time period between sunrise and sunset can be determined based on factors such as the latitude and date of the location of the photovoltaic panel, and this time period can be used as a preset time range.

[0086] For example, in order to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels, a preset time range is divided into multiple time periods based on a preset time discretization setting, such as one hour as one time period and every 15 minutes as one time period.

[0087] Within each time period, the irradiance function is determined based on the parameters of the photovoltaic panel, and the tilt angle within that time period is calculated based on the irradiance function. For the current tilt angle corresponding to each time period, it is determined whether glare will occur within that time period. If glare occurs, the current tilt angle can be adjusted to the target tilt angle at the moment when glare occurs.

[0088] For example, the irradiance function is used to measure the direct irradiance value of the inclined surface of the photovoltaic panel, and the irradiance function may also include measures of sky-scattered irradiance and / or ground-reflected irradiance.

[0089] According to an embodiment of this application, by setting the tilt angle for each time period based on power generation efficiency, and then performing glare avoidance based on the tilt angle, the loss of power generation is reduced while avoiding glare impact on residents.

[0090] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the first reflection position includes: at each moment in each time period, determining a second solar altitude angle based on the solar declination angle, the solar hour angle at each moment, and the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the solar declination angle is determined based on the date corresponding to the time period; determining the complementary angle of the sum of the corrected tilt angle and the second solar altitude angle to obtain the reflection altitude angle, wherein the corrected tilt angle is obtained by multiplying the current tilt angle by two; calculating the product of the tangent of the reflection altitude angle and the relative distance to obtain the relative height; calculating the sum of the relative height and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel to obtain the reflection height, and taking the position corresponding to the reflection height on the second building as the first reflection position.

[0091] For example, the solar altitude angle is calculated using the following formula:

[0092] .

[0093] In the formula, Indicates the solar altitude angle. Indicates the geographical latitude of the observation point. Indicates the solar declination. Indicates the hour angle.

[0094] And based on the calculated solar altitude angle, the solar azimuth angle is calculated using the following formula:

[0095] .

[0096] In the formula, It indicates the azimuth angle of the sun.

[0097] For example, in the process of calculating whether the second building will be affected by glare at each moment in each time period, the solar altitude angle is referred to as the second solar altitude angle.

[0098] like Figure 6 As shown, with ∠FBA representing the second solar altitude angle, the second solar altitude angle can be determined at each moment within each time period (using...). (represented by) the current tilt angle ∠OAD during this time period (using) The reflection elevation angle ∠EDA (indicated by) has also been determined, then the reflection elevation angle ∠EDA (indicated by) (This can be calculated using the following formula:) .

[0099] For example, the sum of angles A and B is If , then angle A and angle B are supplementary angles.

[0100] Then, in determining the reflection elevation angle Then, the relative height can be calculated. The reflection height is: ,in Indicates the reflection height.

[0101] According to an embodiment of this application, the first reflection position at each moment can be quickly determined by a simple calculation method in the scenario of this application, so as to quickly estimate whether it will have a glare effect on the residents of the second building.

[0102] According to an embodiment of this application, the method further includes: iteratively updating the target reflection position and the target tilt angle until the target reflection position is within the glare safety zone in each time period; wherein, in any round of updating, in response to the target reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, an updated target reflection position is determined according to the second glare hazard zone where the target reflection position is located, and an updated target tilt angle is determined based on the updated target reflection position.

[0103] For example, if the preset time discretization setting divides time periods into long intervals, such as 2 hours, then within a specific time period, multiple adjustments may be needed to avoid glare. For instance, when the solar altitude angle is high, the movement speed of the reflection position may be faster, which could lead to glare affecting residents on the second building again after a period of time, even after adjusting the current tilt angle to the target tilt angle. In this case, iterative updates to the tilt angle are needed to ensure continuous anti-glare.

[0104] For example, the final tilt angle of the target photovoltaic panel, determined for each date and time throughout the year, is stored as a photovoltaic panel tilt angle adjustment table, as shown in Table 1. The angle of the target photovoltaic panel is then set based on the table according to the date and time.

[0105] Table 1. Photovoltaic Panel Tilting Angle Adjustment Table

[0106]

[0107] Table 1 exemplarily illustrates some data from the photovoltaic panel tilt angle adjustment table. As shown in Table 1, a photovoltaic panel installed on the roof of a shopping mall may cause glare to a nearby residential building during the morning hours. Dividing the time into multiple two-hour periods, for the period from 8:00 to 10:00, the current tilt angle is determined as θ1 through power generation efficiency optimization. It is then determined whether glare will occur between 8:00 and 10:00 at the tilt angle of θ1. It is calculated that glare will occur at 9:15. After calculation based on the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method, the target tilt angle is determined as θ2. It is then determined whether glare will occur between 9:15 and 10:00 at the tilt angle of θ2. No potential glare was found. Similarly, with the current tilt angle between 10:00 and 12:00 as θ3, determine whether glare will occur between 10:00 and 12:00 at tilt angle θ3. It is calculated that glare will occur at 11:00, so the tilt angle is adjusted to the target tilt angle θ4. Then, with tilt angle θ4, it is determined whether glare will occur between 11:00 and 12:00, so glare will occur at 11:45, and the tilt angle is adjusted to the target angle θ5. After 12:00, the tilt angle is adjusted to θ6.

[0108] According to the embodiments of this application, when the duration of each time period is relatively long, due to the large range of variation in the incident sunlight, it may be necessary to adjust multiple times within a time period. In this case, by iteratively updating the target tilt angle, glare avoidance can be ensured throughout the entire time range.

[0109] According to an embodiment of this application, within a preset time range, under the constraint of preventing glare, the tilt angle at which the total irradiance reaches its maximum value is calculated for the irradiance function of multiple time periods. The number of multiple time periods is related to the moving speed of the reflection position within different time periods, i.e., the rate of change of the solar altitude angle within different time periods. By dynamically dividing the preset time range into multiple time periods based on the constraint of preventing glare, and setting the tilt angle that maximizes the total power generation of the current time period within each time period.

[0110] For example, the time required to move the reflection position by the height of a glare hazard zone near the reference time can also be calculated, and the preset time range can be discretized based on this time.

[0111] Based on the above-described method for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel, embodiments of this application also provide a device for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel. The following will be combined with... Figure 8 The device is described in detail.

[0112] Figure 8 A schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination device according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 8 As shown, the photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination device 800 of this embodiment includes a first position determination module 810, a target position determination module 820 and a target tilt angle determination module 830.

[0113] The first position determination module 810 is used to determine a first reflection position based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the first building, and the first reflection position represents the position where the photovoltaic panel reflects the incident sunlight onto the second building at the current tilt angle. In one embodiment, the first position determination module 810 can be used to perform step S210 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0114] The target location determination module 820 is used to determine a target reflection position in response to the first reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, based on the first glare hazard zone in which the first reflection position is located. The target reflection position is located within a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare hazard zone. The glare hazard zone and the glare safety zone are pre-divided based on a human visual reference line for at least two floors of the second building. In one embodiment, the target location determination module 820 can be used to perform step S220 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] The target tilt angle determination module 830 is used to determine the target tilt angle at which the incident sunlight is reflected to the target reflection position. In one embodiment, the target tilt angle determination module 830 can be used to perform step S230 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the target reflection position includes: taking the current time as the first time, determining the movement direction of the reflection position based on the first time, the movement direction indicating the direction of change of the reflection position relative to the first reflection position at the next time; when the movement direction is upward, taking a position lower than the upper boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone as a candidate position, and when the movement direction is downward, taking a position higher than the lower boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone as a candidate position, wherein the adjacent glare safety zone is adjacent to the first glare danger zone; and taking the candidate position closest to the first reflection position as the target reflection position.

[0117] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the direction of movement of the reflection position includes: if the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is before the reference moment, the direction of movement is upward; if the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is after the reference moment, the direction of movement is downward; wherein, the reference moment is the moment corresponding to the maximum solar altitude angle within a preset time range, and the first solar altitude angle indicates the angle between the incident solar ray and the ground plane at the first moment.

[0118] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the target tilt angle for reflecting solar incident rays to the target reflection position includes: determining the target reflection elevation angle based on relative height and relative distance, wherein the target reflection elevation angle is the angle between the reflected ray and the ground plane, the relative height is the difference between the height of the target reflection position and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel, and the relative distance is the straight-line distance between the first building and the second building; calculating half of the sum of the target reflection elevation angle and the first solar elevation angle to obtain the normal elevation angle; and calculating the complementary angle of the normal elevation angle to obtain the target tilt angle.

[0119] According to an embodiment of this application, the current tilt angle is obtained as follows: based on a preset time discretization setting, a preset time range is divided into multiple time periods; for each of the multiple time periods, the tilt angle that maximizes the total irradiance in each time period is calculated based on the irradiance function and used as the current tilt angle. The irradiance function is used to calculate the total irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel in each time period under different tilt angles.

[0120] According to an embodiment of this application, determining the first reflection position includes: at each moment in each time period, determining a second solar altitude angle based on the solar declination angle, the solar hour angle at each moment, and the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the solar declination angle is determined based on the date corresponding to the time period; determining the complementary angle of the sum of the corrected tilt angle and the second solar altitude angle to obtain the reflection altitude angle, wherein the corrected tilt angle is obtained by multiplying the current tilt angle by two; calculating the product of the tangent of the reflection altitude angle and the relative distance to obtain the relative height; calculating the sum of the relative height and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel to obtain the reflection height, and taking the position corresponding to the reflection height on the second building as the first reflection position.

[0121] According to an embodiment of this application, the device further includes an iteration module for iteratively updating the target reflection position and the target tilt angle until the target reflection position is within the glare safety zone in each time period; wherein, in any round of updating, in response to the target reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, the updated target reflection position is determined according to the second glare hazard zone where the target reflection position is located, and the updated target tilt angle is determined based on the updated target reflection position.

[0122] According to embodiments of this application, any plurality of modules among the first position determination module 810, target position determination module 820, and target tilt angle determination module 830 can be combined into one module, or any one of these modules can be split into multiple modules. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules can be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules and implemented in one module. According to embodiments of this application, at least one of the first position determination module 810, target position determination module 820, and target tilt angle determination module 830 can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field-programmable gate array, a programmable logic array, a system-on-a-chip, a system-on-a-substrate, a system-on-package, an application-specific integrated circuit, or any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging the circuit, or implemented in software, hardware, or firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of these three implementation methods. Alternatively, at least one of the first position determination module 810, target position determination module 820, and target tilt angle determination module 830 can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can perform corresponding functions when the computer program module is run.

[0123] Figure 9 A block diagram schematically illustrates an electronic device suitable for implementing a photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination method according to an embodiment of this application.

[0124] like Figure 9As shown, an electronic device 900 according to an embodiment of this application includes a processor 901, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory 902 or a program loaded from a storage portion 908 into a random access memory 903. The processor 901 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor, an instruction set processor and / or an associated chipset and / or a dedicated microprocessor. The processor 901 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 901 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for executing different steps of the method flow according to an embodiment of this application.

[0125] Random access memory 903 stores various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 900. Processor 901, read-only memory 902, and random access memory 903 are interconnected via bus 904. Processor 901 executes various steps of the method flow according to embodiments of this application by executing programs stored in read-only memory 902 and / or random access memory 903. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than read-only memory 902 and random access memory 903. Processor 901 may also execute various steps of the method flow according to embodiments of this application by executing programs stored in said one or more memories.

[0126] According to embodiments of this application, the electronic device 900 may further include an input / output interface 905, which is also connected to a bus 904. The electronic device 900 may also include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output interface 905: an input section 906 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 909 including a cathode ray tube, liquid crystal display, etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 1208 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 909 including a network interface card, such as a local area network card, modem, etc. The communication section 909 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 910 is also connected to the input / output interface 905 as needed. A removable medium 911, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 910 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into the storage section 908 as needed.

[0127] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of this application.

[0128] According to embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as including but not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, portable compact disk read-only memory, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. For example, according to embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium may include the read-only memory 902 described above, and / or random access memory 903, and / or one or more memories other than read-only memory 902 and random access memory 903.

[0129] Embodiments of this application also include a computer program product comprising a computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowchart. When the computer program product is run on a computer system, the program code is used to cause the computer system to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0130] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device or a magnetic storage device. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of signals over a network medium, and downloaded and installed via the communication section 909, and / or installed from a removable medium 911. The program code contained in the computer program can be transmitted using any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0131] In embodiments of this application, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 909, and / or installed from removable medium 911. When the computer program is executed by processor 901, it performs the functions defined in the system of embodiments of this application. According to embodiments of this application, the systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc., described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0132] According to embodiments of this application, program code for executing the computer programs provided in the embodiments of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computational programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0133] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0134] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this application. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this application. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the tilt angle of a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, a first reflection position is determined, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the first building, and the first reflection position represents the position where the photovoltaic panel reflects the incident sunlight onto the second building at the current tilt angle; In response to the first reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, a target reflection position is determined based on the first glare hazard zone in which the first reflection position is located. The target reflection position is located in a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare hazard zone. The glare hazard zone and the glare safety zone are pre-divided based on the human visual baseline for at least two floors of the second building. Determine the target tilt angle at which the incident sunlight is reflected to the target reflection position.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target reflection position includes: Taking the current moment as the first moment, the direction of movement of the reflection position is determined based on the first moment, and the direction of movement indicates the direction of change of the reflection position relative to the first reflection position at the next moment; When the movement direction is upward, a position lower than the preset height of the upper boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone is selected as a candidate position; when the movement direction is downward, a position higher than the preset height of the lower boundary of any adjacent glare safety zone is selected as a candidate position. The adjacent glare safety zone is adjacent to the first glare danger zone. The candidate position closest to the first reflection position is taken as the target reflection position.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The direction of movement for determining the reflection position includes: If the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is before the reference moment, the direction of movement is upward; If the sum of the first solar altitude angle and the current tilt angle is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and the first moment is after the reference moment, the direction of movement is downward; The reference time is the time corresponding to the maximum solar altitude angle within a preset time range, and the first solar altitude angle indicates the angle between the incident solar rays and the ground plane at the first moment.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the target tilt angle for reflecting the incident sunlight to the target reflection position includes: The target reflection elevation angle is determined based on relative height and relative distance, wherein the target reflection elevation angle is the angle between the reflected light and the ground plane, the relative height is the difference between the height of the target reflection position and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel, and the relative distance is the straight-line distance between the first building and the second building; The normal elevation angle is obtained by calculating half of the sum of the target reflection elevation angle and the first solar elevation angle. The complementary angle of the normal elevation angle is calculated to obtain the target tilt angle.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current tilt angle is obtained as follows: Based on the preset time discretization settings, the preset time range is divided into multiple time periods; For each of the multiple time periods, the tilt angle that maximizes the total irradiance in each time period is determined based on the irradiance function, and this angle is used as the current tilt angle. The irradiance function is used to calculate the total irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel in each time period under different tilt angles.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Determining the first reflection position includes: At each moment within each time period, a second solar altitude angle is determined based on the solar declination angle, the solar hour angle at each moment, and the geographical latitude of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the solar declination angle is determined based on the date corresponding to the time period; The supplementary angle of the sum of the corrected tilt angle and the second solar altitude angle is determined to obtain the reflection altitude angle. The corrected tilt angle is obtained by multiplying the current tilt angle by two. The relative height is obtained by calculating the product of the tangent of the reflection elevation angle and the relative distance; The sum of the relative height and the installation height of the photovoltaic panel is calculated to obtain the reflection height, and the position corresponding to the reflection height on the second building is taken as the first reflection position.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: The target reflection position and target tilt angle are iteratively updated until the target reflection position is within the glare safety zone in each time period. In any round of updates, in response to the target reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, an updated target reflection position is determined based on the second glare hazard zone where the target reflection position is located, and an updated target tilt angle is determined based on the updated target reflection position.

8. A photovoltaic panel tilt angle determination device, characterized in that, The device includes: First position determination module: used to determine the first reflection position based on the current tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the first building, and the first reflection position represents the position where the photovoltaic panel reflects the incident sunlight onto the second building at the current tilt angle; Target location determination module: In response to the first reflection position entering any glare hazard zone, determines a target reflection position based on the first glare hazard zone in which the first reflection position is located, wherein the target reflection position is located within a glare safety zone adjacent to the first glare hazard zone, and the glare hazard zone and glare safety zone are pre-divided based on a human visual baseline across at least two floors of the second building; and The target tilt angle determination module is used to determine the target tilt angle at which the incident sunlight is reflected to the target reflection position.

9. An electronic device, comprising: One or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more computer programs. The characteristic feature is that the one or more processors execute the one or more computer programs to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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