A coke oven gas hydrogen-carbon ratio self-adaptive adjusting system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a coke oven gas hydrogen-carbon ratio self-adaptive adjusting system and method, which comprises a gas pretreatment unit, a synthesis process unit and a control unit. The output end of the gas pretreatment unit is branched into a decarburization branch and a direct connection branch. The decarburization branch is provided with a decarburization device, and the input end of the decarburization device is provided with a flow regulating valve. The gas output by the decarburization branch and the direct connection branch is converged into the synthesis process unit. The synthesis process unit is provided with a full-component detection unit. The full-component detection unit is in signal transmission connection with the control unit. The control unit is in control connection with the flow regulating valve. The control unit calculates the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit based on the full-component volume data of the gas and feeds back the opening degree of the flow regulating valve. The application compares the set value and the measured value of the hydrogen-carbon ratio, and then adjusts the gas flow entering the decarburization device, so as to realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the hydrogen-carbon ratio of the gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coking process gas composition adjustment technology, and in particular to an adaptive adjustment system and method for the hydrogen-carbon ratio of coke oven gas. Background Technology

[0002] Coking oven gas is a core raw material for downstream synthesis processes, and its hydrogen-to-carbon ratio directly determines the synthesis reaction efficiency and product yield. Current mainstream adjustment methods largely rely on manual experience to adjust the coal quality or residence time in the coke oven, resulting in response lag and insufficient adjustment precision. Some existing solutions use fixed parameter adjustments, which cannot adapt to fluctuations in operating conditions, easily causing the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio to deviate from the target range, leading to raw material waste and increased energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an adaptive adjustment system and method for the hydrogen-carbon ratio of coke oven gas. The system compares the set value of the hydrogen-carbon ratio with the measured value, and then adjusts the flow rate of the gas entering the decarbonization device to achieve adaptive adjustment of the hydrogen-carbon ratio of the gas.

[0004] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas, comprising a gas pretreatment unit, a synthesis process unit, and a control unit. The output of the gas pretreatment unit is split into a decarbonization branch and a direct-connection branch. A decarbonization device is provided on the decarbonization branch to absorb carbon elements in the gas, and a flow regulating valve is provided at the input of the decarbonization device. The gas output from the decarbonization branch and the direct-connection branch flows into the synthesis process unit, which is equipped with a full-component detection unit to detect the full-component volume data of the gas. The full-component detection unit is connected to the control unit for signal transmission, and the control unit is connected to the flow regulating valve for control. The control unit calculates the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit based on the full-component volume data of the gas and adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve accordingly.

[0005] Furthermore, the full-component detection unit has a semi-dormant mode and a working mode; in the semi-dormant mode, the full-component detection unit has a long detection cycle; in the working mode, the full-component detection unit has a short detection cycle; the control unit switches the full-component detection unit to the semi-dormant mode or the working mode based on the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio stability within the synthesis process unit.

[0006] Furthermore, a small bypass is provided on the decarbonization branch, which is connected in parallel with the decarbonization device. A first carbon element detection device is provided at the junction output of the small bypass and the decarbonization device. The first carbon element detection device is signal-connected to the control unit. The control unit, in conjunction with the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio stability in the synthesis process unit and the detection result of the first carbon element detection device, switches the full component detection unit to a semi-dormant mode or a working mode.

[0007] Furthermore, a flow meter is installed on the decarbonization branch.

[0008] Furthermore, a second carbon element detection device is provided on the small bypass.

[0009] Furthermore, an adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-carbon ratio of coke oven gas is provided. First, a target hydrogen-carbon ratio is preset, and a permissible deviation threshold between the target hydrogen-carbon ratio and the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio is preset. Volume data of all components within the synthesis process unit are collected by a full-component detection unit, summarized, and sent to the control unit to calculate the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio. Then, the control unit calculates the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio and determines whether it exceeds the permissible deviation threshold. If it exceeds the permissible deviation threshold, the control unit adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve to change the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio. This process is repeated until the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is less than the permissible deviation threshold.

[0010] Furthermore, when the full component detection unit is in working mode, if the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is less than the allowable deviation threshold in multiple consecutive short detection cycles, the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit is determined to be in a stable state, and the full component detection unit is switched from working mode to semi-dormant mode. When the full component detection unit is in semi-dormant mode, if the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is greater than the allowable deviation threshold in any long detection cycle, the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit is determined to be in an unstable state, and the full component detection unit is switched from semi-dormant mode to working mode.

[0011] Furthermore, when the full component detection unit is in semi-dormant mode, the first carbon element detection device adopts a short detection cycle; when the first carbon element detection device detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, it sends an early warning signal to the control unit, which then wakes the full component detection unit from semi-dormant mode to working mode and orders the full component detection unit to perform detection immediately.

[0012] Furthermore, when the first carbon element detection device sends a warning signal to the control unit, if the first carbon element detection device detects an increase in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the control unit will also make a coarse adjustment to the flow regulating valve in advance, increasing the opening of the regulating valve; if the first carbon element detection device detects a decrease in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the control unit will also make a coarse adjustment to the flow regulating valve in advance, decreasing the opening of the regulating valve; after making a coarse adjustment to the regulating valve, the control unit will then make a fine adjustment to the flow regulating valve based on the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio detected by the full component detection unit.

[0013] Furthermore, when the first carbon element detection device detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the cause of the change in the carbon element ratio in the gas is determined by combining the detection results of the second carbon element detection device. If the second carbon element detection device detects that the carbon element ratio remains unchanged, it indicates that the decarbonization capacity of the decarbonization device has changed. If the rising and falling trends of the carbon element ratio detected by the second carbon element detection device and the first carbon element detection device are consistent, it indicates that the composition of the gas output by the gas pretreatment unit has changed.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The adaptive adjustment system and method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1) There is a full component detection unit in the synthesis process unit. After summarizing the full component volume data of the gas, the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio is calculated. The control unit adjusts the gas flow rate into the decarbonization unit based on the difference between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio, thereby realizing the adaptive feedback adjustment of the gas hydrogen-carbon ratio.

[0016] 2) The full component detection unit has a semi-dormant mode and a working mode. When the hydrogen-carbon ratio is stable, the full component detection unit is adjusted to the semi-dormant mode, which will reduce the damage to the detection equipment. The first carbon element detection device is used as an early warning to wake up the full component detection unit, which can improve the response speed after the hydrogen-carbon ratio becomes unstable. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Appendix Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas;

[0018] Appendix Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As attached Figures 1 to 2An adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas includes a gas pretreatment unit 1, a synthesis process unit 2, and a control unit 3. The gas pretreatment unit 1 is used to purify the upstream coke oven gas by removing dust, sulfur, and naphthalene, thereby removing impurities and harmful components. The synthesis process unit 2 uses the gas as raw material to synthesize chemical products, such as methanol. The control unit 3 can collect and calculate data and output control commands to other devices.

[0021] The output of the gas pretreatment unit 1 is split into a decarbonization branch 5 and a direct-connection branch 4. A decarbonization device 6 is installed on the decarbonization branch 5 to absorb carbon from the gas. A flow regulating valve 7 is installed at the input of the decarbonization device 6, which can change the flow rate of the gas entering the decarbonization branch 5. In one embodiment, the decarbonization device 6 uses MDEA solution to absorb carbon dioxide from the gas, thereby reducing the carbon content in the gas.

[0022] The decarbonized gas in decarbonization branch 5 and the undecarbonized gas in direct branch 4 are output from the two branches and then re-converged before entering the synthesis process unit 2. A full-component detection unit 8 is provided in the synthesis process unit 2 to detect the total volume data of all components of the gas. The full-component detection unit 8 is an online gas chromatograph or an infrared gas analyzer. Alternatively, both an online gas chromatograph and an infrared gas analyzer can be installed simultaneously in the synthesis process unit 2, with one serving as a backup detection unit to ensure continuous system operation.

[0023] The full-component detection unit 8 is connected to the control unit 3 via signal transmission. The full-component detection unit 8 detects the volume fraction data of all components of the gas, such as H2, CO, and CO2, and then synchronously transmits the data to the control unit 3. The control unit 3 is connected to the flow regulating valve 7. Based on the full-component volume data of the gas, the control unit 3 calculates the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio within the synthesis process unit 2. Specifically, it calculates the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio using the formula (H / C) = (H2 - CO2 / (CO + CO2)) and feeds back to adjust the opening of the flow regulating valve 7. After adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve 7, the gas flow rate entering the decarbonization branch 5 changes, so the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio changes accordingly. The opening of the flow regulating valve 7 is continuously adjusted until the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio meets the preset conditions.

[0024] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the preset target hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H / C) is 2.1, the deviation threshold Δ is 0.02, and the adjustment step size is 1% / time. The full-component detection unit 8 collects data of φ(H2) = 58%, φ(CO) = 22%, and φ(CO2) = 3%. Substituting these data into the formula, the calculated H / C ratio is (0.58 - 0.03) / (0.22 + 0.03) = 0.55 / 0.25 = 2.2. The deviation Δ(H / C) = 2.2 - 2.1 = 0.1 > 0.02, indicating a high hydrogen-to-carbon ratio. The control unit instructs the electric flow regulating valve to close by 1%. After 5 minutes, the measurement is repeated, and the H / C ratio drops to 2.08, returning the deviation to within the allowable threshold. After application, the methanol synthesis yield increases by 3.5%, and raw material consumption decreases by 2.8%.

[0025] Taking methanol production as an example, the feedstock gas used in the production process is surplus coal gas produced during coking. Assuming no changes in the blended coal or coking time, the coal gas composition remains relatively stable. Under normal circumstances, the data from each online detection can serve as the basis for system adjustments within 24 hours. Therefore, if the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio in synthesis process unit 2 is kept stable, continuously operating the full-component detection unit 8 would cause significant wear and tear on the detection equipment, reducing its lifespan and increasing detection costs.

[0026] For the reasons stated above, the full-component detection unit 8 in this invention has a semi-dormant mode and an operating mode. In semi-dormant mode, the full-component detection unit 8 has a long detection cycle, for example, performing a detection every 12 hours or 24 hours. In operating mode, the full-component detection unit 8 has a short detection cycle, for example, performing a detection every few minutes or tens of minutes. The control unit 3 switches the full-component detection unit 8 to either semi-dormant mode or operating mode based on the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio stability within the synthesis process unit 2. When the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is relatively stable, the full-component detection unit 8 adopts the semi-dormant mode. When the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio stability is low, the full-component detection unit 8 adopts the operating mode.

[0027] A small bypass 11 is also provided on the decarbonization branch 5. The small bypass 11 is connected in parallel with the decarbonization device 6, that is, the input end of the small bypass 11 is connected before the decarbonization device 6, and the output end of the small bypass 11 is connected after the decarbonization device 6. The flow rate of gas entering the small bypass 11 is small, and the gas entering the small bypass 11 has not undergone decarbonization treatment. A first carbon element detection device 9 is provided at the confluence output end of the small bypass 11 and the decarbonization device 6. The first carbon element detection device 9 can detect the carbon element in the gas. In one embodiment, the first carbon element detection device 9 is an online carbon dioxide detection device. The first carbon element detection device 9 is signal-connected to the control unit 3. The control unit 3 combines the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio stability in the synthesis process unit 2 with the detection result of the first carbon element detection device 9 to switch the full component detection unit 8 to a semi-dormant mode or a working mode. When the first carbon element detection device 9 detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, it sends a warning signal to the control unit 3, and the control unit 3 wakes up the full component detection unit 8 from the semi-dormant mode to the working mode.

[0028] This invention also provides an adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on the requirements of the downstream synthesis process, a target hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is preset in the control unit 3, and an allowable deviation threshold between the target hydrogen-to-carbon ratio and the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is preset. S2: The volume data of all components in the synthesis process unit 2 are collected by the full component detection unit, summarized in the control unit 3, and the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is calculated. S3: The control unit 3 then calculates the deviation value between the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, and determines whether it exceeds the allowable deviation threshold. If it exceeds the allowable deviation threshold, the control unit 3 adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve 7 according to a certain step size, thereby changing the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio. Specifically, when the allowable deviation threshold is exceeded, if the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is less than the target hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, the opening of the flow regulating valve 7 is increased to increase the gas input flow of the decarbonization branch 5; if the real-time hydrogen-to-carbon ratio is greater than the target hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, the opening of the flow regulating valve 7 is decreased to reduce the gas input flow of the decarbonization branch 5. A flow meter 10 is installed on the decarbonization branch 5 to detect the gas flow rate through the decarbonization branch 5. S4: This process is repeated, continuously adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve 7 according to the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio until the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is less than the allowable deviation threshold.

[0029] Furthermore, as mentioned above, to reduce the wear and tear on the detection equipment, the full-component detection unit 8 in this invention has a semi-dormant mode and a working mode. Specifically, a short-cycle detection upper limit is preset in the control unit 3. When the full-component detection unit 8 is in working mode, if in continuous If the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is less than the allowable deviation threshold during a short detection cycle, it is determined that the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit 2 is in a stable state, and the full component detection unit 8 is switched from working mode to semi-dormant mode.

[0030] When the full component detection unit 8 is in semi-dormant mode, if the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is greater than the allowable deviation threshold in any long detection cycle, it is determined that the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit 2 is in an unstable state, and the full component detection unit 8 is switched from semi-dormant mode to working mode.

[0031] When the full component detection unit 8 is in semi-dormant mode, due to the long detection cycle, if the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio fails, the response cycle will also be very long, which will cause the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit 2 to deviate from the target range for a long period of time, resulting in raw material waste and increased energy consumption.

[0032] To address the aforementioned issues, when the full-component detection unit 8 is in semi-dormant mode, the first carbon element detection device 9 employs a short detection cycle, detecting the carbon element in the gas at shorter intervals. When the first carbon element detection device 9 detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, it sends an early warning signal to the control unit 3. The control unit 3 then wakes the full-component detection unit 8 from semi-dormant mode to operating mode and instructs it to immediately begin detection. Thus, early warning can be provided using the first carbon element detection device 9.

[0033] Taking the first carbon element detection device 9 as an online carbon dioxide detection device as an example, the online carbon dioxide detection device only detects the carbon dioxide content in the coal gas, while the full component detection unit 8 needs to detect the volume fraction of all components in the coal gas. Therefore, the first carbon element detection device 9 obtains the detection result faster than the full component detection unit 8. Thus, if the hydrogen-carbon ratio changes within the synthesis process unit 2, the first carbon element detection device 9 has a faster response speed. Furthermore, the detection point of the first carbon element detection device 9 is located at the input end of the synthesis process unit 2. Therefore, when the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio within the synthesis process unit 2 has just changed or even before it has changed, the first carbon element detection device 9 can detect the change in the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio within the synthesis process unit 2 in advance, achieving early response. Due to its faster response speed and early response capability, using the first carbon element detection device 9 as an early warning device allows for faster adjustment of the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio within the synthesis process unit 2, enabling the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio within the synthesis process unit 2 to recover to the target range more quickly.

[0034] Furthermore, when the first carbon element detection device 9 sends a warning signal to the control unit 3, if the first carbon element detection device 9 detects an increase in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the control unit 3 will also preemptively coarsely adjust the flow regulating valve 7, increasing the valve opening. Conversely, if the first carbon element detection device 9 detects a decrease in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the control unit 3 will also preemptively coarsely adjust the flow regulating valve 7, decreasing the valve opening. After the full component detection unit 8 is activated, it takes time for it to obtain the detection results. During this time, coarse adjustment can be performed first to preemptively adjust the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit 2 to approach the target hydrogen-carbon ratio, reducing the deviation of the hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit 2. After coarse adjustment of the regulating valve, the control unit 3 then finely adjusts the flow regulating valve 7 based on the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio detected by the full component detection unit 8, restoring the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio to within the target range. In summary, by combining coarse and fine adjustment, the deviation of the hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit 2 can be reduced.

[0035] A second carbon element detection device 12 is installed on the small bypass 11. In one embodiment, the second carbon element detection device 12 is also an online carbon dioxide detection device. When the first carbon element detection device 9 detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the cause of the change can be determined by combining the detection results of the second carbon element detection device 12. If the second carbon element detection device 12 detects that the carbon element ratio remains unchanged, it indicates that the decarbonization capacity of the decarbonization device 6 has changed. If the rising and falling trends of the carbon element ratio detected by the second carbon element detection device 12 and the first carbon element detection device 9 are consistent, it indicates that the composition of the gas output by the gas pretreatment unit 1 has changed.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas, characterized in that: It includes a gas pretreatment unit (1), a synthesis process unit (2), and a control unit (3); The output of the gas pretreatment unit (1) is split into a decarbonization branch (5) and a direct connection branch (4). The decarbonization branch (5) is equipped with a decarbonization device (6) to absorb carbon elements in the gas. The input end of the decarbonization device (6) is equipped with a flow regulating valve (7). The coal gas output from the decarbonization branch (5) and the direct connection branch (4) flows into the synthesis process unit (2). The synthesis process unit (2) is equipped with a full component detection unit (8), which is used to detect the full component volume data of the coal gas. The full component detection unit (8) is connected to the control unit (3) for signal transmission, and the control unit (3) is connected to the flow regulating valve (7) for control. The control unit (3) calculates the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit (2) based on the full component volume data of the gas, and feeds back to adjust the opening degree of the flow regulating valve (7).

2. The adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The full component detection unit (8) has a semi-dormant mode and a working mode; in the semi-dormant mode, the full component detection unit (8) has a long detection cycle; in the working mode, the full component detection unit (8) has a short detection cycle; the control unit (3) switches the full component detection unit (8) to the semi-dormant mode or the working mode based on the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio stability in the synthesis process unit (2).

3. The adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: A small bypass (11) is provided on the decarbonization branch (5). The small bypass (11) is connected in parallel with the decarbonization device (6). The small bypass (11) and the decarbonization device (6) are connected to the output terminal of the decarbonization device (6) with a first carbon element detection device (9). The first carbon element detection device (9) is connected to the control unit (3) by signal. The control unit (3) combines the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio stability in the synthesis process unit (2) with the detection result of the first carbon element detection device (9) to switch the full component detection unit (8) to a semi-dormant mode or a working mode.

4. The adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flow meter (10) is installed on the decarbonization branch (5).

5. The adaptive adjustment system for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The small bypass (11) is equipped with a second carbon element detection device (12).

6. The adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: First, a target hydrogen-carbon ratio is preset, and a threshold for the allowable deviation between the target hydrogen-carbon ratio and the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio is preset. The volume data of all components in the synthesis process unit (2) is collected by the full component detection unit and summarized to the control unit (3) to calculate the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio. Then, the control unit (3) calculates the deviation value between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio and determines whether it exceeds the allowable deviation threshold. If it exceeds the allowable deviation threshold, the control unit (3) adjusts the opening of the flow regulating valve (7) to change the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio. This cycle continues until the deviation value between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is less than the allowable deviation threshold.

7. The adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the full component detection unit (8) is in working mode, if the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is less than the allowable deviation threshold in several consecutive short detection cycles, it is determined that the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit (2) is in a stable state, and the full component detection unit (8) is switched from working mode to semi-dormant mode. When the full component detection unit (8) is in semi-dormant mode, if the deviation between the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio and the target hydrogen-carbon ratio is greater than the allowable deviation threshold in any long detection cycle, it is determined that the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio in the synthesis process unit (2) is in an unstable state, and the full component detection unit (8) is switched from semi-dormant mode to working mode.

8. The adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the full component detection unit (8) is in semi-dormant mode, the first carbon element detection device (9) adopts a short detection cycle; when the first carbon element detection device (9) detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, it sends an early warning signal to the control unit (3), and the control unit (3) wakes up the full component detection unit (8) from semi-dormant mode to working mode and orders the full component detection unit (8) to perform detection immediately.

9. The adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the first carbon element detection device (9) sends a warning signal to the control unit (3), if the first carbon element detection device (9) detects an increase in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the control unit (3) will also make a coarse adjustment to the flow regulating valve (7) in advance, increasing the opening of the regulating valve; if the first carbon element detection device (9) detects a decrease in the carbon element ratio in the gas, the control unit (3) will also make a coarse adjustment to the flow regulating valve (7) in advance, decreasing the opening of the regulating valve; after making a coarse adjustment to the regulating valve, the control unit (3) will then make a fine adjustment to the flow regulating valve (7) based on the real-time hydrogen-carbon ratio detected by the full component detection unit (8).

10. The adaptive adjustment method for the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coke oven gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the first carbon element detection device (9) detects a change in the carbon element ratio in the gas, it combines the detection results of the second carbon element detection device (12) to determine the reason for the change in the carbon element ratio in the gas. If the second carbon element detection device (12) detects that the carbon element ratio remains unchanged, it indicates that the decarbonization capacity of the decarbonization device (6) has changed. If the trend of the rise and fall of the carbon element ratio detected by the second carbon element detection device (12) and the first carbon element detection device (9) is consistent, it indicates that the composition of the gas output by the gas pretreatment unit (1) has changed.

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