A method and device for calculating methane emission of an open coal mine, an electronic device, a storage medium and a program product

Abstract

The present application relates to greenhouse gas emission monitoring technical field, disclose a kind of open coal mine methane emission calculation method, device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product, the present application relies on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing monitoring, can efficiently synchronous acquisition open coal mine downwind multiple monitoring point's meteorology, position and gas concentration data, data acquisition real-time, wide coverage.Through gas diffusion coefficient operation in combination with multiple monitoring data accurate inversion methane emission source intensity, again in combination with mining area daily accounting gas emission, finally summarized to obtain annual emission data.The present application is high in degree of automation, measurement logic is rigorous, effectively improve the precision and efficiency of mine gas emission monitoring and measurement, can objectively, completely master open coal mine methane emission situation, provide reliable data support for mine environmental management and control and emission evaluation, the present application overcomes the defects of traditional ground monitoring poor spatial representation and satellite remote sensing low resolution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of greenhouse gas emission monitoring technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, contributing dozens of times more to global warming on a centennial scale than carbon dioxide. Coal mining is a significant source of anthropogenic methane emissions, accounting for 3.6%–5.48% of total greenhouse gas emissions from coal mining and post-mining activities. Compared to underground mines, open-pit coal mines, with their larger mining areas and more dispersed emission sources (such as mining faces, spoil heaps, and transport roads), present a persistent challenge for accurately calculating fugitive methane emissions.

[0003] The main method currently used for calculating carbon emissions is the emission factor method in carbon accounting, which references the IPCC Guidelines. These guidelines are primarily aimed at compiling greenhouse gas inventories at the national and regional levels, and the emission factors and activity data used therein are national and regional data that cannot reflect the actual working conditions and meteorological impacts of specific mining areas.

[0004] Ground-based point monitoring is limited by terrain and safety, making it difficult to cover large mining areas and unable to capture the diffusion and transport processes of gases in the atmosphere. Traditional UAV grid monitoring often involves full-coverage flights over the mining area, calculating fluxes using the mass balance method. However, this method is risky in complex terrain and does not fully utilize the physical laws of atmospheric diffusion, especially when dealing with low-concentration, large-scale fugitive emissions, resulting in a low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a method for monitoring and calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines that can be efficient, accurate, and comprehensive. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines, in order to solve the problems of poor spatial representativeness of traditional ground monitoring and low resolution of satellite remote sensing.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines, the method comprising: The drone is controlled to conduct remote sensing monitoring along a preset flight path, and meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine are collected in real time. Based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day, the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point is calculated. Combining the location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data in the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data, the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is obtained by inversion based on the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, and the inversion results are backtested using the vertical concentration gradient. Based on the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine and the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day; Based on the gas emission information corresponding to each monitoring day, the annual gas emission information is determined.

[0008] This invention relies on UAV remote sensing monitoring to efficiently and simultaneously collect meteorological, location, and gas concentration data from multiple monitoring points in open-pit coal mines. The data acquisition is highly real-time and covers a wide area. By calculating the gas diffusion coefficient and combining it with various monitoring data, the source strength of methane emissions is accurately inverted. Then, by combining the daily gas emissions based on the mining area, the annual emission data is finally compiled. This invention features a high degree of automation and rigorous calculation logic, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of gas emission monitoring and measurement in mining areas. It provides an objective and complete understanding of methane emissions in open-pit coal mines, offering reliable data support for environmental management and emission assessment in mining areas.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the planning of the preset flight path includes: The monitoring corridor is set as the main route centered on the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, extending downwind of the prevailing wind direction and to a predetermined distance. Within the monitoring corridor, at least one vertical profile flight path perpendicular to the wind direction or a horizontal profile flight path along the wind direction shall be planned.

[0010] This invention deploys monitoring corridors centered on the mining area and aligned with the prevailing wind direction, conforming to gas diffusion patterns. By planning downwind flight paths, it avoids flight risks associated with complex terrain and flexibly adapts to different monitoring needs, collecting concentration data at different altitudes. In other words, through rationally planned flight paths, it can effectively capture the vertical distribution characteristics of gas diffusion, providing high-quality data for subsequent inversion.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the controlled drone performs remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path, and collects meteorological data, location data, and gas concentration data from multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time, including: Control the drone to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path; Meteorological data were collected from various monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine using a miniature weather station mounted on the drone. The location data of each monitoring point is collected by the positioning system mounted on the drone; Gas concentration data at each monitoring point are collected using a methane sensor mounted on the drone.

[0012] The UAV of this invention conducts remote sensing monitoring along a preset route. Equipped with a miniature weather station, positioning system, and methane sensor, it can simultaneously collect multiple types of data, including meteorological data, location data, and gas concentration data. The equipment boasts high integration, real-time and synchronous data acquisition, and comprehensive coverage, effectively reducing errors and operational risks associated with manual monitoring and improving data acquisition efficiency and accuracy.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the method of combining the location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data from the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data, based on a preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, uses the linear least squares method to invert and obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, and uses the vertical concentration gradient to backtest the inversion results, including: Based on the location data and the gas concentration data, extract the methane concentration values ​​corresponding to different heights at the same horizontal position in the downwind vertical profile, and calculate the height difference and concentration difference between two adjacent heights; Based on linear regression or finite difference method, the vertical concentration gradient of the monitoring point is obtained by fitting the ratio between the height difference and the concentration difference. The location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data from the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data are input into a preset Gaussian plume diffusion model. The methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is obtained by inversion using the linear least squares method, and the inversion results are backtracked and verified using the vertical concentration gradient.

[0014] This invention accurately calculates the gas diffusion coefficient based on temperature and pressure data, extracts methane concentrations at different altitudes by combining location and concentration data, and solves the vertical concentration gradient using linear regression and the finite difference method, thus improving the stability and accuracy of gradient calculation. It also incorporates wind direction data into a Gaussian plume diffusion model to retrieve emission source strength. The calculation method is scientifically rigorous and fully incorporates on-site monitoring parameters, effectively reducing estimation errors. The computational logic of this invention closely aligns with gas diffusion laws, significantly improving the accuracy of methane emission source strength measurement.

[0015] In one optional implementation, calculating the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine and the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine includes: The gas emission information for the monitoring day is calculated using the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, the molar mass of methane, and the unit conversion factor.

[0016] This invention combines the emission source strength of open-pit coal mines, the mining area, and professional conversion factors to calculate daily emissions, clarifying the calculation method for daily emissions monitoring, which facilitates subsequent expansion to the whole year.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the method further includes: If the gas concentration data detected by the drone is less than the preset concentration threshold during the drone's flight, it is determined that there is no significant methane emission during the current monitoring period, and the step of inverting to obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is stopped.

[0018] This invention automatically determines that there is no significant methane emission and stops source strength calculation when the monitored concentration is below a preset threshold. This avoids ineffective monitoring and waste of computational resources, thus improving monitoring efficiency.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention provides a device for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines, the device comprising: The control module is used to control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path and to collect meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time. The coefficient calculation module is used to calculate the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day. The inversion module is used to combine the location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data in the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data, and based on the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, to invert the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, and to backtrack and verify the inversion results using the vertical concentration gradient. The calculation module is used to calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine and the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine. The annual emissions module is used to determine the annual gas emissions information based on the gas emissions information corresponding to each monitoring day.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0021] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for calculating methane emissions from an open-pit coal mine as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0022] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first process for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second process for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas diffusion coefficient of methane corresponding to temperature and atmospheric pressure in an exemplary application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an open-pit coal mine methane emission calculation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] This invention provides a method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines. Utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing monitoring, it efficiently and simultaneously collects meteorological, location, and gas concentration data from multiple monitoring points within the mine, offering strong real-time data acquisition and wide coverage. By calculating the gas diffusion coefficient and combining multiple monitoring data, the method accurately inverts the methane emission source strength. Then, by combining the daily gas emission volume with the mining area, the final annual emission data is obtained. This invention features a high degree of automation and rigorous calculation logic, effectively improving the accuracy and efficiency of gas emission monitoring and measurement in mining areas. It provides an objective and complete understanding of methane emissions from open-pit coal mines, offering reliable data support for environmental management and emission assessment in mining areas.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for calculating methane emissions from an open-pit coal mine is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0030] This embodiment provides a method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines. Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101: Control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along the preset flight path, and collect meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time.

[0031] It should be noted that the preset flight path refers to a standardized drone patrol route pre-planned based on the open-pit coal mine's mining area, gas diffusion patterns, and monitoring needs. Remote sensing monitoring flight refers to a flight monitoring operation mode where drones equipped with monitoring equipment conduct non-contact environmental parameter collection from the air. Monitoring points refer to designated sampling locations within the methane emission monitoring area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, used to collect environmental and gas parameters. Meteorological data refers to environmental parameters that can affect methane diffusion, including real-time meteorological parameters such as temperature, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction. Location data refers to the precise location information of the corresponding monitoring point, such as spatial coordinates and altitude, during the drone monitoring process. Gas concentration data refers to the real-time methane gas concentration values ​​detected at the monitoring points.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, a drone performs remote sensing monitoring operations according to a planned flight path, and multiple devices on the drone simultaneously collect various key parameters such as meteorological data, location data, and gas concentration data in real time, thereby obtaining complete basic information about the mining area.

[0033] Step S102: Calculate the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day.

[0034] It should be noted that the gas diffusion coefficient is a key parameter characterizing the rate of methane gas diffusion and dilution in the atmosphere, and is calculated in real time based on on-site meteorological conditions; the monitoring area is based on open-pit coal mines and covers the local area to be monitored downwind of open-pit coal mines within the methane diffusion range; the methane emission source strength is used to characterize the actual emission rate of methane gas per unit time in open-pit coal mines.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the gas diffusion coefficient, which characterizes atmospheric transport capacity, is calculated using meteorological parameters such as measured temperature, pressure, wind direction, and wind speed of the day. Specifically, based on the kinetic theory of gases or a lookup table method, the gas diffusion coefficient is calculated using the temperature corresponding to the monitoring day. T and air pressure P The molecular diffusion coefficient D of methane in air can be calculated or obtained by querying; the gas diffusion coefficient increases with increasing temperature or decreasing air pressure.

[0036] Specifically, based on the temperature of the monitoring day T and air pressure P The gas diffusion coefficient D is determined by looking up a table using the kinetic theory of gases or other methods. For example, when... T =20 ℃, P =101.3 kPa, D≈8.43×10 -5 m 2 / s.

[0037] Step S103: Combining location data, gas diffusion coefficient, wind speed data and gas concentration data from meteorological data, the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is obtained by inversion based on the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, and the inversion results are backtested using the vertical concentration gradient.

[0038] It should be noted that methane emission source strength represents the methane emission rate per unit time in an open-pit coal mine. Mining area refers to the area where mining operations are actually carried out in an open-pit coal mine.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the spatial coordinates of each point are matched with the measured methane concentration, and the methane emission source strength corresponding to the open-pit coal mine is calculated by combining the Gaussian plume diffusion model. Then, the vertical concentration gradient is used to backtrack and verify the inversion results.

[0040] Step S104: Calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength and mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine.

[0041] It should be noted that the gas emission information refers to the total methane emissions from the mining area on the monitoring day and related quantitative data.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, emission source strength data of open-pit coal mines are obtained, and then converted and summarized in conjunction with the actual mining area of ​​the mining area to obtain the total methane gas emission on that day, thus completing the daily emission data statistics and providing basic data for the annual emission calculation.

[0043] Step S105: Determine the annual gas emission information based on the gas emission information corresponding to each monitoring day.

[0044] It should be noted that the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day refers to the quantitative result of methane emissions from an open-pit coal mine on a single effective monitoring day; the annual gas emission information refers to the total annual methane emission volume of the mining area calculated based on the integration and accounting of emission data from multiple days.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, if the monitoring represents a typical operating condition, the annual emissions can be obtained by weighted averaging of multiple monitoring results under different seasons and operating conditions, or estimated by multiplying the daily emissions by 365 days.

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S201: The monitoring corridor is established with the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine as the center, along the downwind direction of the prevailing wind and extending to a preset distance.

[0047] It should be noted that the mining area refers to the core site area where open-pit coal mines carry out mining operations; the prevailing wind direction refers to the wind direction that occurs most frequently throughout the year in the mining area, which is the main direction of gas diffusion; the monitoring corridor refers to the continuous strip-shaped monitoring area delineated along the gas diffusion path, which serves as the core area for UAV flight sampling; and the preset distance refers to the monitoring extension length that is preset in conjunction with the pollution impact range of the mining area.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, according to gas monitoring requirements, a recent mining plan and a high-precision digital elevation model of the target open-pit coal mine are acquired to determine the core monitoring area. A monitoring corridor is established, extending a predetermined distance of 500 to 2000 meters downwind of the prevailing wind direction, centered on the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine. The gas monitoring requirements are determined based on the actual situation of methane emissions from the open-pit coal mine and can be determined by those skilled in the art based on experience, relevant standards, and / or the specific circumstances of the monitoring scenario, such as monitoring range, frequency, and accuracy.

[0049] Step S202: Within the monitoring corridor, plan at least one vertical profile flight path perpendicular to the wind direction, or plan a horizontal profile flight path along the wind direction.

[0050] It should be noted that the vertical profile flight path refers to the flight path laid out perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The horizontal profile flight path refers to the flight path laid out parallel to the prevailing wind direction.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the monitoring accuracy requirements and the UAV's endurance, a zigzag vertical profile flight path perpendicular to the wind direction is planned, covering an altitude range from 50 meters to 300 meters above the ground. Alternatively, a horizontal profile flight path along the wind direction can be planned.

[0052] Step S203: Control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along the preset flight path, and collect meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time.

[0053] In some optional implementations, step S203 above includes: Step S2031: Control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along the preset flight path.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, a vertical takeoff and landing fixed-wing UAV equipped with a TDLAS methane sensor (accuracy <1 ppb, frequency 10 Hz), differential GPS, and a miniature weather station is used. Taking into full account the meteorological conditions of the open-pit coal mine location, remote sensing monitoring flight operations are carried out along a downwind flight path under clear weather conditions and stable wind speeds (less than level 3).

[0055] Step S2032: Collect meteorological data from various monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine using a miniature weather station mounted on the drone.

[0056] It should be noted that a miniature weather station refers to a small-scale weather sensing device integrated into the fuselage of a drone, which can collect meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, air pressure, wind speed, and wind direction in real time.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the temperature at various monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine is collected by a miniature weather station mounted on a drone. T air pressure P and wind speed u Meteorological data, etc.

[0058] Step S2033: Collect location data of each monitoring point through the positioning system mounted on the drone.

[0059] It should be noted that the positioning system refers to the satellite positioning module mounted on the drone, and differential GPS is used in this invention.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, the altitude of each monitoring point in the open-pit coal mine is collected by differential GPS mounted on a drone. z ,Location( x , y Location data such as )

[0061] Step S2034: Collect gas concentration data at each monitoring point using the methane sensor mounted on the drone.

[0062] It should be noted that a methane sensor refers to a specialized detection device integrated into a drone, used to detect the methane gas content in the air in real time.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the methane concentration at each monitoring point is collected using a TDLAS methane sensor mounted on a drone. C .

[0064] It is worth mentioning that the methane sensor is a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) sensor or an open path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) spectrometer with a sampling frequency of not less than 10 Hz.

[0065] Step S204: Based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day, calculate the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S102 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0066] In step S205, by combining location data, gas diffusion coefficient, wind speed data and gas concentration data from meteorological data, the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is obtained based on the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, and the inversion results are backtested using the vertical concentration gradient.

[0067] In some optional implementations, step S205 above includes: Step S2051: Based on the location data and gas concentration data, extract the methane concentration values ​​corresponding to different heights at the same horizontal position in the downwind vertical profile, and calculate the height difference and concentration difference between two adjacent heights.

[0068] It should be noted that the vertical profile refers to the longitudinal monitoring section formed perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction; the height difference refers to the vertical distance between two adjacent sampling heights at the same monitoring location; and the concentration difference refers to the difference in methane concentration values ​​measured at adjacent sampling heights.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, based on methane concentration data collected by the UAV at different altitudes, the data at different altitudes and the same horizontal position during the UAV's vertical profile flight are extracted. z 1, z 2, ..., z n methane concentration at the location C 1, C 2, ..., C n Among them, the height is set. z The concentration at 1=50 m is C 1, z The concentration at 2=100 m is C 2. Continue in this manner and calculate the concentration difference between adjacent heights. With height difference .

[0070] Step S2052: Based on linear regression or finite difference method, the vertical concentration gradient of the monitoring point is obtained by fitting the ratio between the height difference and the concentration difference.

[0071] It should be noted that the vertical concentration gradient is a characteristic parameter that characterizes how quickly methane concentration changes with vertical height.

[0072] In this embodiment of the invention, the concentration difference between adjacent heights is calculated. Height difference The ratio of these values ​​is used to fit the vertical concentration gradient at the monitoring profile of the monitoring point using linear regression or the finite difference method. .

[0073] Step S2053: Input the location data, gas diffusion coefficient, wind speed data and gas concentration data from the meteorological data into the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, use the linear least squares method to invert and obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, and use the vertical concentration gradient to backtrack and verify the inversion results.

[0074] It should be noted that the Gaussian plume diffusion model refers to the classical atmospheric diffusion mathematical model, which can be combined with environmental parameters to extrapolate the emission intensity of pollution sources; the methane emission source intensity refers to the emission rate of methane per unit time in open-pit coal mines.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, the gas diffusion rate is determined based on Fick's first law or an atmospheric diffusion model, combined with the gas diffusion coefficient and the vertical concentration gradient. This embodiment uses a Gaussian plume diffusion model to invert the emission source strength. The Gaussian plume diffusion model is constructed by assuming the mining area is an equivalent set of area or point sources.

[0076] Specifically, establish any point downwind ( x , y , z methane concentration at ) C ( x , y , z ) and emission source strength Q The relationship equation, i.e., the Gaussian plume diffusion model:

[0077] In the formula, Concentration measured by drone; This is the actual measured wind speed; , These are the transverse and longitudinal diffusion parameters, respectively, and their calculation requires the introduction of the gas diffusion coefficient. D and atmospheric stability (Pasquill-Gifford classification). H Equivalent emission height; Q The strength of the methane emission source to be inverted.

[0078] It should be noted that the diffusion parameters in the Gaussian plume diffusion model... (lateral diffusion parameters) and Vertical diffusion parameters are key parameters that determine the plume diffusion pattern, and the accuracy of their values ​​directly affects the emission source intensity. Q The inversion accuracy. In this embodiment, and The determination adopts " P - G The strategy of "curve reference value + molecular diffusion dynamic correction" is as follows: First, the atmospheric stability level is determined based on the meteorological conditions of the monitoring day. Specifically, this is based on the surface wind speed, solar radiation intensity (daytime), or cloud cover (nighttime) of the monitoring day, according to... Pasquill The stability classification method divides atmospheric stability into: A to F Six levels ( A It is extremely unstable. F (For stability). Based on this, and combined with the downwind distance x, directly query... Pasquill- Gifford ( P - G (Curve graph, read the corresponding) and benchmark value and This graph is an empirical chart based on a large amount of field diffusion experiment data. The horizontal axis represents the downwind distance. x (m), with the ordinate representing the diffusion parameter. (m), different stability levels correspond to different families of curves. The benchmark values ​​obtained by looking up the graphs are directly derived from actual measurement experience, avoiding the additional errors caused by fitting empirical formulas.

[0079] However, the above benchmark values ​​are experimental summaries based on the assumption of ideal uniform turbulence, and do not fully consider the contribution of the actual temperature and air pressure on the monitoring day to molecular diffusion. To compensate for this deficiency, this embodiment uses the gas diffusion coefficient calculated in step S204. D Introducing vertical diffusion parameters The correction is based on the principle that "variance increases linearly with time" during diffusion: molecular diffusion and turbulent diffusion are two independent diffusion mechanisms, and their contributions to the total diffusion variance can be linearly superimposed. The distance the plume travels from the emission source to the downwind direction... x The average time required is t = x / u ( u (where the average wind speed is ), and the contribution of molecular diffusion to the increase in vertical variance is 2. D · t =2 D · x / u Therefore, the corrected vertical diffusion parameter for:

[0080] In the formula, To query PG The baseline value (m) of the vertical diffusion parameter obtained from the curve. D The gas diffusion coefficient (m) calculated in step S204 2 / s), x The distance is downwind (m). u This represents the measured average wind speed (m / s). Lateral diffusion parameters. Then maintain the baseline value. It remains unchanged because the contribution of molecular diffusion in the horizontal direction is negligible compared to turbulent diffusion.

[0081] The physical significance of this correction lies in the fact that under meteorological conditions where turbulent diffusion is suppressed, such as low wind speeds and stable stratification, the relative contribution of molecular diffusion to the vertical expansion of the plume is significantly enhanced. Ignoring this contribution would lead to… The emissions from the reversed emission sources were underestimated, thus making the emission sources more powerful. Q This introduces a deviation. D right Dynamic corrections are made to enable the diffusion parameters in the Gaussian model to respond in real time to the atmospheric physical state of the day, thereby improving the model's ability to characterize the actual diffusion process.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, a series of data collected by the drone ( x , y , z , C Substitute the data points into the Gaussian plume diffusion model equation above. Since the methane concentration in this equation... C With emission source strength Q The relationship is linear (other parameters such as wind speed, diffusion parameters, and equivalent emission height are all known constants), and can be expressed as:

[0083] In the formula, For the first i The theoretical concentration value generated per unit source strength at each observation point.

[0084] Solving using linear least squares method Q Value (unit: mol / (m)) 2 ·s), which minimizes the sum of squared residuals between the model-predicted concentration and the measured concentration. Let there be... n At each effective observation point, the measured concentration value was... C obs,i The model predicts the concentration as C pred,i =Qk i Construct the objective function of residual sum of squares:

[0085] In order to make S ( Q The smallest Q ,right Q Take the derivative and set it to 0:

[0086] Solve for the optimal methane emission source strength Q for:

[0087] This calculation process is the linear least squares method, which does not require iteration and can directly obtain the global optimal solution.

[0088] To further ensure the reliability of the inversion results, this embodiment also introduces a backtracking verification step based on the vertical concentration gradient. It should be emphasized that the vertical concentration gradient calculated in step S2052 is not used as an input parameter in the forward calculation of the Gaussian model, but rather serves as an independent verification criterion for the physical rationality of the inversion results.

[0089] The specific verification method is as follows: The optimal emission source strength obtained by solving the above linear least squares method is... Q Substitute into the Gaussian plume diffusion model, keeping the wind speed constant. u diffusion parameters and ( Already by PG Curve lookup reference value combined D (Revised and determined), equivalent emission height H With parameters remaining constant, the theoretical concentration values ​​at each monitoring altitude are calculated to generate the vertical concentration profile predicted by the model. Subsequently, the concentration change rate (i.e., the theoretical vertical concentration gradient) of the model-predicted profile at different altitudes is compared with the vertical concentration gradient obtained by fitting the UAV measured data in step S2052.

[0090] If the theoretical gradient and the measured gradient show the same trend, and their relative deviation within the main height range is within a reasonable range (correlation coefficient) R 2 If the gradient value is ≥0.7, or the relative deviation of the gradient values ​​in each height interval does not exceed ±30%, then the inversion result is considered reliable and accepted. Q The value is the methane emission source strength at this monitoring point, and the daily emission calculation in step S206 is continued.

[0091] If the theoretical gradient deviates significantly from the measured gradient (correlation coefficient R), 2 If the gradient value is less than 0.7, or the gradient sign is opposite (i.e., the model predicts a higher concentration at higher altitudes than at lower altitudes, but the actual measurement is the opposite), then the inversion result is physically unreasonable. In this case, the cause needs to be investigated: it may include errors in the determination of atmospheric stability levels, etc. PG The discrepancies may be due to deviations in curve readings or outliers in the monitoring data. After investigation, relevant parameters should be redefined or the data should be filtered and processed. If necessary, the inversion calculation should be re-executed.

[0092] This backtracking verification step ensures that the emission source strength obtained from the inversion is not only mathematically optimal (in the least squares sense), but also physically conforms to the basic laws of atmospheric diffusion, effectively avoiding the problem of "mathematically optimal but physically distorted" that may be caused by simply relying on the absolute value of concentration for fitting.

[0093] Step S206: Calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength and mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine.

[0094] In some optional implementations, step S206 above includes: Step S2061: Calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day using the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, the molar mass of methane, and the unit conversion factor.

[0095] It should be noted that the molar mass conversion factor refers to the calculation parameter used to convert between the amount and mass of methane; the unit conversion factor refers to the conversion parameter used to unify different units of measurement and adapt to the calculation rules; and the gas emission information refers to the total amount of methane emitted from the mining area on the monitoring day and related quantitative data, which are calculated.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, the total methane emissions are calculated. E The formula is:

[0097] In the formula, Q The average methane emission flux obtained from the inversion (mol / (m) 2 ·s)), S The mining area of ​​an open-pit coal mine (m²) 2 ), t The effective emission time corresponding to the monitoring period. M Where is the molar mass of methane. k Unit conversion factor; If the monitoring is only a snapshot, then based on historical meteorological data or typical daily emission patterns, the instantaneous flux is extended to the daily or annual average emissions.

[0098] Specifically, the gas emission information for the monitoring day can be calculated using the following formula:

[0099] In the formula, Q methane emission source intensity (mol / (m 2 ·s)), S The mining area of ​​an open-pit coal mine (m²) 2 ), M 16 g / mol is the molar mass of methane, and 86.4 is the unit conversion factor (the factor for converting g / s to kg).

[0100] Step S207: Determine the annual gas emission information based on the gas emission information corresponding to each monitoring day. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Step S105 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described again here.

[0101] Specifically, this method also includes: Step a1: If the gas concentration data monitored during the drone flight is less than the preset concentration threshold, it is determined that there is no obvious methane emission during the current monitoring period, and the inversion to obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is stopped.

[0102] It should be noted that the preset concentration threshold refers to the pre-set critical value for methane concentration, which serves as the criterion for determining whether emissions have occurred; the monitoring period refers to the time interval corresponding to a single sampling and data determination by the drone.

[0103] In this embodiment of the invention, before the drone flies, background concentration is measured in the downwind background area; if the methane concentration increment (monitored concentration minus background concentration) detected downwind is less than a preset concentration threshold, it is determined that there is no significant emission or the emission is below the detection limit during that period, and the high-order inversion calculation is stopped, that is, the inversion to obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is stopped; if the concentration increment is greater than the preset concentration threshold, the inversion calculation process is started.

[0104] In a specific application example, taking the methane emissions from a large open-pit coal mine in northern China as the monitoring target, the steps of this method are as follows: Step b1: Based on the site conditions of a certain open-pit coal mine, determine the monitoring equipment parameters and flight plan: Taking this large open-pit coal mine as an example, the monitored gas is determined to be methane. The monitoring equipment selected is a UAV equipped with a TDLAS sensor, with a range of 0~50 ppm, a frequency of 10 Hz, and an accuracy of 0.1 ppb. The prevailing wind direction for the day is northwest, and the plan is to conduct vertical profile flight at an altitude of 500 to 2000 meters on the southeast side (downwind) of the mining area.

[0105] Step b2 involves using a drone equipped with high-precision sensors to conduct remote sensing monitoring in the downwind area of ​​the prevailing wind direction in the open-pit coal mine. Taking this large open-pit coal mine as an example, the drone is controlled to fly back and forth in the planned monitoring corridor, covering a height range from 100 meters to 300 meters above the ground, and simultaneously collecting data on methane concentration, three-dimensional coordinates, temperature, air pressure and wind speed.

[0106] Step b3: Based on the daily meteorological conditions and monitoring results, query the methane diffusion coefficient and calculate the vertical concentration gradient: Select the methane concentration at different heights (100 m, 200 m, 300 m...) of the downwind profile of the open-pit coal mine for processing.

[0107] Taking the monitoring situation of this large open-pit coal mine on a certain day as an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the concentration gradient at different heights along the diffusion direction can be obtained:

[0108] Wherein, 1 ppm methane = 4.16 × 10 -5 mol / m³.

[0109] Specifically, the weather conditions at the large open-pit coal mine that day were as follows: temperature T =20 ℃, atmospheric pressure P =1.013×10 5 Pa. According to the appendix Figure 3 Query, when temperature T =20 ℃, atmospheric pressure P =1.013×10 5 At Pa, the gas diffusion coefficient of methane D =8.43×10 -5 m 2 / s.

[0110] Step b4: Based on the Gaussian plume diffusion model, the methane emission source intensity at the monitoring point is obtained by linear least squares inversion, and the inversion results are backtested using the vertical concentration gradient: Measured concentration, wind speed, diffusion coefficient, and other parameters are substituted into the Gaussian plume diffusion model, and the methane emission source intensity for that period is obtained by least squares fitting. Q =7×10 -9 mol / (m 2 Based on the concentration data, the vertical concentration gradient is calculated to be approximately 8.32 × 10⁻⁶ s. -5 mol / (m 3 Substituting the methane emission source strength obtained from the inversion into the Gaussian plume diffusion model, the model prediction profile was obtained, yielding a theoretical vertical concentration gradient of 7.91 × 10⁻⁶ m. -5 mol / (m 3 The relative deviation between the calculated vertical concentration gradient (m) and the calculated vertical concentration gradient is no more than ±30%, indicating that the inversion result is reliable and accepted. Q The value represents the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine.

[0111] Step b5: Calculate the daily fugitive methane emissions using the methane emission source strength and the open-pit coal mine area. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0112] In the formula, For the first open-pit coal mine k The daily fugitive methane emissions, expressed in kg. Q To obtain the methane emission source strength from the inversion, S This refers to the mining area of ​​an open-pit coal mine. M This represents the molar mass of methane, in units of 16 g / mol. 86.4 is a unit conversion factor (the factor for converting g / s to kg).

[0113] Taking the monitoring data of this large open-pit coal mine on a certain day as an example, the mining area of ​​this open-pit coal mine is 10 km².2 (10) 7 m 2 From this, the daily emissions can be obtained.

[0114]

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] Step b6: Calculate the annual fugitive methane emissions by accumulating the daily fugitive methane emissions, using the following formula:

[0118] In the formula, The unorganized methane emissions from an open-pit coal mine on day k are expressed in kg. This represents the annual fugitive methane emissions from an open-pit coal mine, expressed in kg.

[0119] Taking the monitoring data of this large open-pit coal mine as an example, through multiple monitoring sessions throughout the year (or extrapolation from typical daily monitoring), it was found that the daily fugitive methane emissions did not fluctuate significantly. To simplify the calculation, the [number]th [day] emission level was taken as [percentage]. k The annual fugitive methane emissions were calculated based on the daily calculation results. The calculation process is as follows:

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] That is, the annual fugitive methane emissions from this open-pit coal mine during the monitoring year were 35.32. t .

[0124] In step b1 above, the monitoring equipment parameters may include the gas emission type, the required monitoring range, the monitoring frequency, and the monitoring accuracy.

[0125] In step b2 above, the flight path is a vertical profile perpendicular to the wind direction or a horizontal profile along the wind direction.

[0126] In step b3 above, the meteorological conditions mentioned above include temperature and atmospheric pressure.

[0127] In step b4 above, the Gaussian plume diffusion model is a classic model describing the diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere.

[0128] In step b5 above, the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine is the total area of ​​the portion of the open-pit coal mine that is exposed to the atmosphere during the mining process and will generate fugitive methane emissions.

[0129] In step b6 above, the annual fugitive methane emissions mentioned above refer to the fugitive methane emissions for the year corresponding to the monitoring data.

[0130] In the specific application scenarios described above, the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines based on downwind remote sensing monitoring by UAVs and atmospheric diffusion model inversion can utilize a high-precision open-circuit greenhouse gas monitor (based on quantum cascade laser high-precision gas analysis technology QCLAS) mounted on a UAV. This method addresses the low concentration of fugitive methane emissions from open-pit coal mines by employing downwind remote sensing monitoring by UAVs combined with atmospheric diffusion model inversion. This method offers high accuracy, is suitable for monitoring methane at low concentrations, does not require entry into the mine area, is simple and safe to operate, and enables precise monitoring and calculation of fugitive methane emissions from open-pit coal mines.

[0131] This embodiment also provides a methane emission calculation device for open-pit coal mines, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0132] This embodiment provides a device for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: The control module 301 is used to control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path and to collect meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time. The calculation coefficient module 302 is used to calculate the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day. The inversion module 303 is used to combine location data, gas diffusion coefficient, wind speed data and gas concentration data from meteorological data, and based on a preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, to invert the methane emission source strength of open-pit coal mines, and to backtrack and verify the inversion results using the vertical concentration gradient.

[0133] The calculation module 304 is used to calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength and mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine. The annual emissions module 305 is used to determine the annual gas emissions information based on the gas emissions information corresponding to each monitoring day.

[0134] In some alternative implementations, the planning of the preset flight path includes: The deployment unit is used to set up a monitoring corridor along the downwind direction of the prevailing wind and extending to a preset distance, with the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine as the center. The planning unit is used to plan at least one vertical profile flight path perpendicular to the wind direction, or a horizontal profile flight path along the wind direction, within the monitoring corridor.

[0135] In some alternative implementations, the control module 301 includes: The control unit is used to control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path; The meteorological data collection unit is used to collect meteorological data from various monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine via a miniature weather station mounted on a drone. The location data acquisition unit is used to collect location data of each monitoring point through the positioning system carried on the UAV; The concentration data acquisition unit is used to collect gas concentration data at each monitoring point using a methane sensor mounted on the UAV.

[0136] In some alternative implementations, the inversion module 303 includes: The extraction unit is used to extract methane concentration values ​​corresponding to different heights at the same horizontal position in the downwind vertical profile based on location data and gas concentration data, and to calculate the height difference and concentration difference between two adjacent heights. The fitting unit is used to fit the vertical concentration gradient of the monitoring point based on the ratio between the height difference and the concentration difference, using linear regression or finite difference method. The input unit is used to input location data, gas diffusion coefficient, wind speed data and gas concentration data from meteorological data into a preset Gaussian plume diffusion model. The linear least squares method is used to invert the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, and the vertical concentration gradient is used to backtrack and verify the inversion results.

[0137] In some alternative implementations, the computing module 304 includes: The calculation unit is used to calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day using the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, the molar mass of methane, and the unit conversion factor.

[0138] In some alternative embodiments, the device further includes: The stop unit is used to determine that there is no significant methane emission during the current monitoring period if the gas concentration data detected by the drone is less than the preset concentration threshold, and to stop the inversion to obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine.

[0139] The methane emission calculation device for open-pit coal mines provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the methane emission calculation method for open-pit coal mines provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0141] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 5 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 402 or a program loaded from memory 408 into random access memory (RAM) 403. The RAM 403 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 401, ROM 402, and RAM 403 are interconnected via a bus 404. An input / output (I / O) interface 405 is also connected to the bus 404.

[0142] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 405: input devices 406 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 407 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 408 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 409. Communication device 409 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 5 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0143] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 409, or installed from a memory 408, or installed from a ROM 402. When the computer program is executed by the processor 401, it performs the functions defined in the open-pit coal mine methane emission calculation method of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0144] Figure 5The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0145] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0146] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0147] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines, characterized in that, The method includes: The drone is controlled to conduct remote sensing monitoring along a preset flight path, and meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine are collected in real time. Based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day, the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point is calculated. Combining the location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data in the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data, the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is obtained by inversion based on the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, and the inversion results are backtested using the vertical concentration gradient. Based on the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine and the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day; Based on the gas emission information corresponding to each monitoring day, the annual gas emission information is determined.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planning of the preset flight path includes: The monitoring corridor is set as the main route centered on the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, extending downwind of the prevailing wind direction and to a predetermined distance. Within the monitoring corridor, at least one vertical profile flight path perpendicular to the wind direction or a horizontal profile flight path along the wind direction shall be planned.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled drone performs remote sensing monitoring along a preset flight path and collects meteorological data, location data, and gas concentration data from multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time, including: Control the drone to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path; Meteorological data were collected from various monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine using a miniature weather station mounted on the drone. The location data of each monitoring point is collected by the positioning system mounted on the drone; Gas concentration data at each monitoring point are collected using a methane sensor mounted on the drone.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method combines the location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data from the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data. Based on a preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, the linear least squares method is used to invert the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine. The inversion results are then backtested using the vertical concentration gradient, including: Based on the location data and the gas concentration data, extract the methane concentration values ​​corresponding to different heights at the same horizontal position in the downwind vertical profile, and calculate the height difference and concentration difference between two adjacent heights; Based on linear regression or finite difference method, the vertical concentration gradient of the monitoring point is obtained by fitting the ratio between the height difference and the concentration difference. The location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data from the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data are input into a preset Gaussian plume diffusion model. The methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is obtained by inversion using the linear least squares method, and the inversion results are backtracked and verified using the vertical concentration gradient.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength and mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine includes: The gas emission information for the monitoring day is calculated using the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine, the molar mass of methane, and the unit conversion factor.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the gas concentration data detected by the drone is less than the preset concentration threshold during the drone's flight, it is determined that there is no significant methane emission during the current monitoring period, and the step of inverting to obtain the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine is stopped.

7. A device for calculating methane emissions from an open-pit coal mine, characterized in that, The device includes: The control module is used to control the UAV to perform remote sensing monitoring flight along a preset flight path and to collect meteorological data, location data and gas concentration data of multiple monitoring points downwind of the open-pit coal mine in real time. The coefficient calculation module is used to calculate the gas diffusion coefficient of the monitoring area corresponding to the monitoring point based on the meteorological data corresponding to the monitoring day. The inversion module is used to combine the location data, the gas diffusion coefficient, the wind speed data in the meteorological data, and the gas concentration data, and based on the preset Gaussian plume diffusion model, to invert the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine, and to backtrack and verify the inversion results using the vertical concentration gradient. The calculation module is used to calculate the gas emission information corresponding to the monitoring day based on the methane emission source strength of the open-pit coal mine and the mining area of ​​the open-pit coal mine. The annual emissions module is used to determine the annual gas emissions information based on the gas emissions information corresponding to each monitoring day.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for calculating methane emissions from open-pit coal mines as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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