A switch cabinet simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method and system based on geometric similarity classification

Abstract

The application discloses a switch cabinet simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method and system based on geometric similarity classification, relates to the technical field of power equipment digital simulation, and solves the technical problem that the existing switch cabinet simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method is difficult to quickly and independently carry out equipment temperature rise analysis. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining typical structure and component feature data of a switch cabinet, generating full-dimension component features and preliminary classification results; obtaining an initial parameterized switch cabinet component model library according to the parameterized modeling; obtaining a target model library through virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration; automatically assembling according to switch cabinet overall configuration parameters, and outputting an initial simplified geometric model; obtaining a grid model suitable for temperature rise simulation through COMSOL grid division; finally, combining material, environment and heat source data, adopting a COMSOL solver to complete temperature rise simulation, and outputting switch cabinet temperature rise simulation results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital simulation technology for power equipment, and in particular to a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method and system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification. Background Technology

[0002] Switchgear is a core piece of equipment in a power system, responsible for power distribution, control, and protection. Its interior contains numerous complex components, including the cabinet frame, busbar system, circuit breaker trolley, contact assemblies, instrument compartment, door panels, and ventilation structures. During actual operation, heat sources such as conductor Joule heating, contact resistance heating, and eddy current losses can cause significant temperature rises in the switchgear. These temperature rises gradually shorten the insulation life of the equipment and reduce the reliability of component contacts, posing a direct threat to the operational safety of the entire power system.

[0003] When analyzing the temperature rise of switchgear, the industry currently widely adopts the traditional simulation method based on a full geometric 3D model. This method has significant limitations: it not only has a long modeling cycle and a large mesh size, which consumes a lot of computing resources, but it also cannot quickly adapt to switchgear products with different capacities and configurations. In addition, at present, the simplification of geometric models mainly relies on manual work. This kind of operation is highly subjective and has poor model reusability. In the treatment of key heat-generating components such as stylus contacts and busbar connections, improper selection of details often leads to low simulation efficiency or insufficient simulation accuracy.

[0004] Currently, mainstream switchgear simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation in the industry rely on professional multiphysics simulation software. The entire workflow involves multiple stages, including geometric model building, component assembly, model simplification, mesh generation, multiphysics parameter configuration, field coupling solution, and simulation result analysis. All operations require manual completion by operators within the simulation software according to a professional process. These professional simulation software programs have numerous functional modules and complex operating systems. Users not only need to master professional theoretical knowledge such as 3D modeling, mesh optimization, and electromagnetic-fluid-thermal coupling simulation, but also need to be proficient in understanding various parameter definitions, module calling rules, and solution debugging logic. The learning cost is high, and the learning curve is steep. Due to the high software operation threshold, ordinary switchgear designers and field maintenance personnel cannot use simulation tools proficiently and find it difficult to quickly and independently conduct equipment temperature rise analysis. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method and system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, which solves the technical problem that existing simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation methods for switchgear are difficult to quickly and independently carry out equipment temperature rise analysis.

[0006] The first aspect of this invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, comprising:

[0007] Obtain typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet, and generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components of the switch cabinet based on the typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet;

[0008] Based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components, parametric modeling is performed to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library;

[0009] Perform virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration on the initial parameterized switchgear part model library, and output the target parameterized switchgear part model library;

[0010] Using the target parameterized switchgear component model library, based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, automated assembly processing is performed to output an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear;

[0011] The initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear was meshed using the COMSOL meshing function, and a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear was output.

[0012] The COMSOL solver is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model of the adapted switchgear based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, and outputs the switchgear temperature rise simulation results.

[0013] Optionally, the step of generating full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results for multiple components of the switchgear based on the typical structural data of the switchgear and the component feature data includes:

[0014] Extract full-dimensional features of multiple components of the switchgear from the typical structural data of the switchgear and the component feature data;

[0015] Based on the full-dimensional features of multiple components, the feature matching degree between each component is compared, and the similarity comparison result between each component is output.

[0016] Based on the similarity comparison results between the various components and the preset similarity judgment threshold, the components are classified and grouped, and the preliminary classification results of each component are output.

[0017] Optionally, the step of performing parametric modeling based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library includes:

[0018] Based on the preliminary classification results and full-dimensional features of each component, parameter-driven design is performed to obtain the parameterized part model of each component.

[0019] The parametric part models of multiple components are standardized, and a set of standardized parametric part models is output.

[0020] Based on the standardized parametric part model set, an initial parametric switchgear part model library is constructed.

[0021] Optionally, the step of performing virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration processing on the initial parametric switchgear part model library to output the target parametric switchgear part model library includes:

[0022] The three-dimensional structural data of each standardized parametric part model is extracted one by one from the initial parametric switch cabinet part model library;

[0023] Virtual assembly planes are created for the three-dimensional structural data of each standardized parametric part model, and multiple part models with virtual assembly planes are output.

[0024] Using the geometric center of the screw hole array as a reference, a local coordinate origin is set on the virtual assembly plane of each part model with a virtual assembly plane, and multiple part models with local coordinate origins are output.

[0025] Local coordinate system optimization is performed on each of the part models with a local coordinate origin to output multiple part models with a complete local coordinate system.

[0026] Summarize multiple part models with complete local coordinate systems and output a target parameterized switchgear part model library.

[0027] Optionally, the step of using the target parameterized switchgear component model library to perform automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, and outputting an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear, includes:

[0028] Extract the core configuration parameters of the switchgear from the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear;

[0029] Based on the core configuration parameters of the switchgear, select an instance of the component to be assembled from the target parameterized switchgear component model library;

[0030] The virtual assembly plane matching and local coordinate system preliminary positioning of the component instance to be assembled are performed, and the preliminary positioning component is output.

[0031] For the initially positioned components, perform local coordinate system coincidence, screw hole center precise alignment, and rotation and direction change operations as needed to output precisely assembled components;

[0032] The structure of the key heat-generating component in the precision-assembled parts is simplified to obtain the simplified key heat-generating component;

[0033] Based on the precisely assembled components and the simplified key heat-generating components, an initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet is constructed.

[0034] Optionally, the step of performing mesh generation on the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear using the COMSOL mesh generation function, and outputting a mesh model adapted for the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear, includes:

[0035] Extract global geometric information of the switchgear from the initial simplified geometric model;

[0036] Based on the global geometric information of the model, the key heat-generating component areas in the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear are located.

[0037] The key heat-generating component area is densified using a preset mesh type and a preset base mesh size to obtain multiple initial meshes;

[0038] Multiple initial meshes are subjected to quality inspection and mesh correction to obtain multiple target meshes;

[0039] By aggregating multiple target meshes, a mesh model suitable for temperature rise simulation of switchgear is obtained.

[0040] Optionally, the COMSOL solver is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model adapted for temperature rise simulation of the switchgear based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, and outputs the switchgear temperature rise simulation results, including:

[0041] Based on the switchgear material property data, the application scenario environment data, and the switchgear heat source distribution data, a configuration file for switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary conditions is constructed.

[0042] Based on the switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary condition configuration file, the multiphysics coupling interface configuration is completed for the mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation, resulting in the switchgear electric-current-thermal multiphysics coupling simulation model.

[0043] The COMSOL solver was used to perform simulation calculations on the electro-current-thermal multiphysics coupled simulation model of the switchgear, and the simulation results of the switchgear temperature rise were obtained.

[0044] The second aspect of this invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, comprising:

[0045] The acquisition module is used to acquire typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet, and generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components of the switch cabinet based on the typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet;

[0046] The modeling module is used to perform parametric modeling based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library.

[0047] The calibration module is used to perform virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration processing on the initial parameterized switchgear part model library, and output the target parameterized switchgear part model library.

[0048] The assembly module is used to perform automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switch cabinet using the target parameterized switch cabinet parts model library, and output the initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet.

[0049] The meshing module is used to perform meshing on the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear using the COMSOL meshing function, and output a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear.

[0050] The simulation module is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model of the adapted switchgear temperature rise simulation based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data using the COMSOL solver, and output the switchgear temperature rise simulation results.

[0051] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification as described above.

[0052] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed, it implements the simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification as described above.

[0053] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0054] The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification. It acquires typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear, and generates full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results for multiple components of the switchgear based on these data. Parametric modeling is then performed based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of the multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear part model library. The initial parametric switchgear part model library is then processed with virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration to output a target parametric switchgear part model library. The target parameterized switchgear component model library performs automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, outputting an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear. The COMSOL mesh generation function is used to perform mesh generation on the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear, outputting a mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation. The COMSOL solver is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation based on switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, outputting the switchgear temperature rise simulation results. Based on the above scheme, this invention collects typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear. Based on the generated full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of the components, a unified classification and feature benchmark was established for subsequent modeling work. On this basis, parametric modeling was completed and an initial parametric switchgear component model library was built, realizing centralized storage and reuse of various component models. It is not necessary to build component models from scratch for each temperature rise analysis. On the basis of the component library, the virtual assembly plane was created and the local coordinate system was calibrated in a unified manner. The benchmark structure required for assembly was configured for all component models in advance. Subsequently, based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, the target parametric switchgear component model library was directly called to perform automated assembly and generate the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear. Automated assembly replaced manual assembly operations. Then, the model mesh was automatically completed with the help of the COMSOL mesh generation function. The generation, detection and correction of the mesh were realized by the tool, without the need for operators to have professional manual mesh editing skills. Finally, based on various simulation basic data, the temperature rise simulation calculation was automatically completed by the COMSOL solver and the results were output. The multiphysics simulation calculation was handed over to the tool for automatic execution, which greatly reduced the operation threshold of the entire switchgear temperature rise analysis process, reduced the reliance on professional simulation knowledge and practical experience, and helped technicians to quickly and independently carry out equipment temperature rise analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0056] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric similarity classification of switchgear components provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a representative part model library example and a parameterized definition interface provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the automated assembly process provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the virtual assembly plane and local coordinate system settings during the part creation process provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the COMSOL APP design provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an example of the COMSOL App interface provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, as provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0065] This invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method and system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, which solves the technical problem that existing simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation methods for switchgear are difficult to quickly and independently carry out equipment temperature rise analysis.

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that in the optional embodiments of the present invention, the object information and other related data involved require the permission or consent of the object when the embodiments of the present invention are applied to specific products or technologies, and the collection, use, and processing of related data must comply with relevant laws, regulations, and standards. That is to say, if the embodiments of the present invention involve data related to the object, it needs to be obtained with the authorization and consent of the object, the authorization and consent of relevant departments, and in compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and standards. If personal information is involved in the embodiments, the acquisition of all personal information requires the consent of the individual. If sensitive information is involved, the separate consent of the information subject is required, and the embodiments also need to be implemented with the authorization and consent of the object.

[0067] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates the steps of a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, as provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0068] This invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, comprising:

[0069] Step 101: Obtain typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear, and generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components of the switchgear based on the typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear.

[0070] It should be noted that the process involves first collecting, summarizing, and organizing two types of basic data: typical structural data of the switchgear and component feature data. Then, based on the organized basic data, full-dimensional features of each component are extracted. Based on the extracted features, feature matching and similarity comparison between components are carried out. Components are grouped and classified according to preset standards. The feature data and classification results generated by the entire process can provide complete prerequisites and data support for the next step of parametric modeling of components and building a parts model library.

[0071] Further, step 101 may include the following sub-steps:

[0072] S11. Extract full-dimensional features of multiple components of the switchgear from typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear.

[0073] S12. Based on the full-dimensional features of multiple components, compare the feature matching degree between each component and output the similarity comparison results between each component.

[0074] S13. Based on the similarity comparison results between each component and the preset similarity judgment threshold, classify and group each component, and output the preliminary classification results of each component.

[0075] Typical structural data of switchgear is standardized data that characterizes the overall layout of the switchgear, including the cabinet frame, busbar system, circuit breaker trolley, contact assembly, instrument room, door panel, ventilation structure, and other components, as well as their external shape, spatial position, and connection relationship. Specifically, it includes the overall spatial arrangement of different switchgear models, the hierarchical structure of each functional module, the overlapping method between components, the assembly connection position, and the overall outline and cavity division of the cabinet. It is the basic data for conducting component feature analysis and similarity comparison.

[0076] Component feature data refers to the relevant information data such as shape, size, assembly structure, and functional attributes of each component of the switchgear. Specifically, it covers shape information such as the outer contour shape and local structural style of the components, geometric dimension information such as length, width, thickness, hole diameter, and screw hole spacing, assembly-related information such as assembly surface shape, screw hole distribution, docking structure, and positioning structure, as well as functional information such as conductivity, insulation, ventilation, control, and protection. It is mainly used to support component feature extraction and similarity determination.

[0077] The full-dimensional features of a component are a complete set of features extracted from four core dimensions: shape, size ratio, assembly interface, and function. The shape dimension includes the overall shape and local structural features of the component; the size ratio dimension includes the proportion of various geometric dimensions; the assembly interface dimension includes interface features such as assembly planes, mating structures, and screw hole arrays; and the function dimension includes the specific functional attributes that the component performs in the equipment. This set of features is the core basis for judging the similarity of components.

[0078] The preliminary classification results of the parts are the results of grouping the parts according to the preset similarity judgment criteria and the degree of matching of the parts features. Specifically, it includes the group number, the list of parts corresponding to each group, and the similarity range of parts corresponding to each group, which intuitively reflects the similarity relationship between different parts in terms of geometric structure, assembly form and function.

[0079] It should be noted that, firstly, the geometric structure and component characteristics of the switchgear are studied to establish a component classification system. The geometric structure of the switchgear includes complex components such as the cabinet frame, busbar system, circuit breakers, contact assemblies, instrument compartment, and door panels. The geometric structure and component characteristics of the switchgear can be studied using any technical means in this field.

[0080] Specifically, firstly, from the typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear, the full-dimensional features of multiple components of the switchgear are extracted. Specifically, for various components such as the cabinet frame, busbar system, circuit breaker, contact assembly, instrument compartment, and door panel, complete feature information related to shape, size ratio, assembly interface, and function is collected. Based on the extracted full-dimensional features of each component, similarity comparison is carried out: Firstly, taking all components in the switchgear as the object, pairs of components to be compared are determined. For each pair of components to be compared, feature matching and comparison are carried out item by item from four dimensions: shape similarity, size ratio similarity, assembly interface feature similarity, and functional feature similarity. For shape... Similarity is assessed by extracting shape features such as the outer contour and local structure of two components, and calculating the shape matching degree through feature point matching or parametric comparison. For dimensional proportion similarity, key dimensions and dimensional ratio parameters of the two components are extracted, and the degree of consistency in dimensional proportions is determined through normalized deviation calculation. For assembly interface feature similarity, assembly-related features such as assembly planes, screw hole arrays, and mating structures of the two components are extracted, and the consistency of the assembly structure is determined through interface parameter matching. For functional feature similarity, functional-related features such as functional type, rated parameters, and application scenarios of the two components are extracted, and the result is determined through functional attribute matching. First, ensure the consistency of the functions and uses of the two components. After comparing all dimensions, integrate the matching results of each dimension to obtain the overall similarity of each group of components. Finally, summarize the dimensional matching and overall similarity data of all component combinations and output the similarity comparison results between each component. Then, organize the pairwise similarity comparison results of all switchgear components output above to construct a complete record of component similarity relationships, clarifying the similarity values ​​of each pair of components in terms of shape, size ratio, assembly interface features, functional features, and overall similarity. Next, classify and group the components using a preset similarity judgment threshold as the core judgment standard: first, treat all switchgear components to be classified as initial independent components. The process iterates through each component, filtering out other components whose overall similarity (or the comprehensive result that meets the minimum similarity requirements of each dimension) reaches or exceeds a preset threshold, forming a candidate component set centered on that component. Then, all candidate component sets are merged. If overlapping components exist in different candidate sets, the corresponding sets are merged into the same group to eliminate duplicate or overlapping candidate groups. Subsequently, a unique category identifier is assigned to each merged component group, and a list of components corresponding to each category is compiled, clarifying the category number to which each component belongs. Finally, the list of components for all categories is summarized, and the preliminary classification result containing the category to which each component belongs is output.

[0081] In one example, taking the four core components of the KYN28-12 switchgear (A: 10kV / 630A stationary contact base, B: 10kV / 1250A stationary contact base, C: 35kV / 630A stationary contact base, D: 10kV / 630A rectangular busbar) as an example, a classification and grouping operation is performed: First, the pairwise similarity comparison results of all components output in the previous steps are reviewed. Among them, the shape similarity of A and B is 92%, the size ratio similarity is 88%, the assembly interface similarity is 90%, the functional similarity is 95%, and the overall similarity is 91%; the overall similarity of A and C is 71%, the overall similarity of A and D is 41%, the overall similarity of B and C is 69%, the overall similarity of B and D is 40%, and the overall similarity of C and D is 36%. Then, based on the preset similarity judgment threshold (overall similarity ≥ 80%, and shape similarity ≥ 85%, assembly interface similarity ≥ 85%), the comparison is performed. Using interface similarity ≥ 85% as the criterion, all components to be classified are traversed. When selecting components that meet the threshold with A as the center, only B simultaneously meets the similarity requirements of all dimensions and the overall similarity, forming a candidate set containing A and B. When selecting with B as the center, no new components meet the conditions. When selecting with C as the center, the similarity with other components does not reach the threshold, forming an independent candidate set. When selecting with D as the center, there are also no matching components, forming another independent candidate set. Then, all candidate sets are deduplicated and merged, and a unique category identifier is assigned to each non-overlapping set. A and B are classified into category 1 (10kV series static contact base), C into category 2 (35kV series static contact base), and D into category 3 (10kV rectangular busbar). Finally, a preliminary classification result containing the category number, category name, and list of components of the same category for each component is obtained.

[0082] Step 102: Perform parametric modeling based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library.

[0083] It should be noted that, based on the full-dimensional features of each component extracted above and the generated preliminary classification results, parametric modeling is carried out according to the component category. A standardized part model with adjustable parameters is constructed for each category. Then, all parametric part models are uniformly organized and stored to obtain the initial parametric switchgear part model library.

[0084] Furthermore, step 102 may include the following sub-steps:

[0085] S21. Based on the preliminary classification results and full-dimensional features of each component, perform parameter-driven design to obtain the parameterized part model of each component.

[0086] S22. Standardize the parametric part models of multiple components and output a set of standardized parametric part models;

[0087] S23. Based on the standardized parametric part model set, construct an initial parametric switch cabinet part model library.

[0088] It should be noted that, based on the geometric similarity classification results, representative parametric part models are constructed for each category, and a switchgear parts library is established. The part models employ parameter-driven design, supporting flexible adjustment of key geometric parameters such as length, width, and thickness, facilitating subsequent instantiation and modification.

[0089] Specifically, firstly, building upon the preliminary component classification results obtained earlier based on geometric similarity, this classification grouped components according to four dimensions of similarity: shape, size ratio, assembly interface features, and functional features. Within each group, the overall structure and application attributes of the components were highly similar. Then, representative components with typical characteristics were selected one by one according to the defined geometric similarity categories. Parameter-driven design was then carried out based on the full-dimensional features of the components. For various switchgear components such as cabinet frames, busbar systems, contact assemblies, instrument compartments, and door panels, key geometric dimensions such as length, width, thickness, hole diameter, screw hole spacing, and assembly surface dimensions were extracted one by one. All extracted geometric dimensions were then standardized. Defined as freely adjustable parameter variables, and combining the original structural form of the parts with the assembly interface features to build the feature constraint relationship between the parameters and the geometric shape, ensuring that when any parameter variable is modified, the overall shape of the parts, the assembly interface form, and the core functional structure will not change. Referring to the conventional specifications of typical switch cabinet parts such as the KYN28 series, reasonable adjustment ranges for each parameter are set, thereby completing the construction of the parameterized part model of a single type of part. This model can quickly generate parts instances of different specifications under the same category by adjusting the parameter variables. Following this method, the parameter-driven design of all classified parts is completed in sequence, and the parameterized part models corresponding to all parts are obtained.

[0090] Next, all completed parametric part models underwent comprehensive standardization. To ensure consistency with the requirements of COMSOL Multiphysics software, the file format of all models was unified. Universal parameter naming rules and feature constraint writing formats were established to avoid confusion in parameter identification and constraint logic between different models. Simultaneously, based on the geometric similarity category and functional attributes of the parts, unique category identifiers, part names, parameter meanings, adjustment ranges, and other supporting information were added to each model. Assembly-related basic data, such as the assembly surfaces and screw hole array positions, were simultaneously entered to provide data support for the subsequent creation of virtual assembly planes and calibration of local coordinate systems. Finally, all standardized models were integrated to form a standardized parametric part model set with completely unified format, identification, and supporting information. Finally, based on this standardized parameter... An initial parametric switchgear component model library was built by assembling a collection of component models. The models were strictly classified and stored according to the geometric similarity categories established in the early stage, distinguishing different functional modules such as cabinet frame, busbar system, and contact assembly. A corresponding model index directory and parameter query portal were built simultaneously. The index directory records the category number, representative parts, storage path, complete parameter list, and basic assembly information for each type of model. The query portal allows for quick retrieval of target models and corresponding parameters, realizing centralized, standardized management and repeated use of all parametric component models. This resulted in a complete initial parametric switchgear component model library, which also provides a standardized model data source for subsequent unified creation of virtual assembly planes and local coordinate system calibration of component models.

[0091] In one example, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, parametric modeling was carried out using a three-phase copper busbar (phases A, B, and C) as an example. In the initial component classification stage, by comparing shape similarity, size ratio similarity, assembly interface feature similarity, and functional feature similarity, it was determined that the three-phase busbars A, B, and C are all rectangular copper busbar structures with consistent main geometric dimensions such as length, width, thickness, and corner radius. The only difference is the number and position of screw holes. Furthermore, all three are conductive connection busbars for switchgear, with identical functional attributes, and therefore were classified into the same geometric similarity category. Subsequently, using this category as a unit, phase A busbar was selected as a representative component, and parametric-driven design was carried out based on its full-dimensional features, referring to... Figure 3The parameterized definition interface shown in (b) extracts key geometric dimensions and defines them as adjustable parameter variables, including the length (L_busbar_cable), width (W_busbar_cable), thickness (busbar_cable), and corner radius (R1_busbar_cable) of the busbar body, as well as the screw hole related parameters: screw hole height (Hole_Hight_busbar_cable), screw hole radius (Hole_R_busbar_cable), screw hole length (L1_Hole_busbar_cable, L2_Hole_busbar_cable), and screw hole width (W1_Hole_busbar_cable, W2_Hole_busbar_cable). The system extracts auxiliary parameters such as busbar length, busbar segment width, and busbar distance (H1_busbar_cable, H2x_Hole_busbar_cable, H2y_Hole_busbar_cable, H3_Hole_busbar_cable), and screw hole spacing (Dist1_Hole_busbar_cable, Dist2_Hole_busbar_cable). It also sets reasonable adjustment ranges for each parameter, such as adjusting the busbar length between 80-200mm and the screw hole spacing between 40-60mm.

[0092] Next, constraints are established between parameters and model geometry. The main outline of the busbar, fillet transitions, and the positions and dimensions of the screw holes are all bound to the corresponding parameter variables. This ensures that the overall structure and assembly interface of the busbar do not deform when parameters are modified. For example, the screw holes are always kept on the central axis of the busbar, and the relative positional relationship of the screw holes remains consistent. By adjusting the parameters related to the screw hole positions, different screw hole layout models for the three-phase busbars A, B, and C can be generated respectively. Figure 2 As shown, the two groups of bolt holes in phase A busbar, the distribution of bolt holes in phase B busbar, and the positional differences of bolt holes in phase C busbar can all be achieved through parameter adjustment. After completing the parametric part model construction, the model is standardized, parameter naming rules are unified, all busbar-related parameters are prefixed with "busbar_cable", parameter units and formats are standardized, a "three-phase busbar" category identifier is added to the model, and the meaning and adjustment range of each parameter are supplemented. At the same time, assembly-related information such as the position of the busbar assembly surface and the coordinates of the reference point are entered to reserve data support for the subsequent creation of a virtual assembly plane, forming a standardized parametric busbar model set with a unified format; finally, refer to Figure 3The component model library structure shown in (a) stores the standardized busbar model into the initial parameterized switchgear component model library. A dedicated directory for "three-phase busbar" is created in the library to classify and store model files, parameter definition files and explanatory documents. An index directory containing model categories, storage paths and parameter lists is established. The target busbar model can be quickly retrieved through the query entry of the model library. By adjusting the parameters, busbar instances of different specifications can be generated without repeated modeling.

[0093] Step 103: Perform virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration on the initial parametric switchgear part model library, and output the target parametric switchgear part model library.

[0094] It should be noted that, taking the standardized parametric part models in the initial parametric switchgear part model library built in the previous step as the processing objects, a virtual assembly plane that coincides with the actual assembly reference plane is created for each part model in turn. Then, the local coordinate origin is set with the geometric center of the screw hole array as the reference and the local coordinate system is calibrated. A unified assembly reference information is configured for all part models. All processed part models are summarized and the target parametric switchgear part model library is output.

[0095] Furthermore, step 103 may include the following sub-steps:

[0096] S31. Extract the three-dimensional structural data of each standardized parametric part model from the initial parametric switchgear part model library one by one.

[0097] S32. Create virtual assembly planes for the three-dimensional structural data of each standardized parametric part model, and output multiple part models with virtual assembly planes.

[0098] S33. Using the geometric center of the screw hole array of the parts as a reference, set the local coordinate origin on the virtual assembly plane of each part model with a virtual assembly plane, and output multiple part models with local coordinate origins.

[0099] S34. Optimize the local coordinate system of each part model with a local coordinate origin, and output multiple part models with complete local coordinate systems.

[0100] S35. Summarize multiple part models with complete local coordinate systems and output a target parameterized switchgear part model library.

[0101] Three-dimensional structural data is a complete set of three-dimensional geometric information extracted from standardized parametric part models. Specifically, it includes the overall solid outline of the parts, basic geometric dimensions such as length, width, and thickness of each part, spatial position and normal vector of all outer surfaces, solid topological connection relationships, unique identifiers and attribute information of the contact surfaces to be assembled, center coordinates, hole diameter of each screw hole in the assembly area, and overall arrangement data of the screw hole array. It also integrates related content such as parameter variables and feature constraints set in the parametric modeling stage. It is the basic data source for assembly preprocessing work such as virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration.

[0102] The virtual assembly plane is a dedicated virtual reference plane created for the physical assembly contact surfaces of components. This plane completely coincides with the actual physical assembly contact surfaces used for overlapping and fixing of the components in terms of spatial position, planar shape, and normal direction. The information it carries includes the plane's unique identification number, the plane's spatial coordinate range, the plane's normal vector, the component number, the corresponding physical contact surface number, and the assembly function label. It serves as a unified alignment reference for automated assembly processes to achieve precise matching of assembly surfaces of different components.

[0103] The local coordinate origin is a coordinate reference point arranged inside the virtual assembly plane. The geometric center of the assembly screw hole array is used as the positioning basis. The specific point is determined by calculating the arithmetic mean of the three-dimensional coordinates of all screw hole centers in the array. This reference point contains precise three-dimensional spatial coordinate values, the virtual assembly plane number to which it belongs, the number and distribution range of the associated screw hole array, etc. It is the core reference for realizing the alignment of screw holes of parts and the precise positioning of assembly position in the automated assembly process.

[0104] The complete local coordinate system is a standardized three-dimensional coordinate system built with the local coordinate origin as the reference. It strictly follows the right-hand coordinate system rules. The entire coordinate system includes the coordinates of the local coordinate origin, the spatial vectors and positive directions of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis, and the positional constraints between the coordinate axes and the virtual assembly plane. The z-axis is uniformly perpendicular to the virtual assembly plane, the x-axis is arranged along the length of the part body and the main distribution direction of the screw hole array, and the y-axis is arranged along the width of the part. It also includes coordinate axis direction constraint specifications, which clearly define the z-axis pointing requirements of paired parts to prevent physical overlap after assembly. Parts of the same category follow a unified coordinate axis configuration standard, and the system fully records the origin parameters, axial parameters, assembly constraint rules, etc., providing a unified attitude and orientation reference for automated assembly of parts.

[0105] It should be noted that during the part model creation process, in order to achieve automated assembly later, the virtual assembly plane and local coordinate system need to be preset. When the assembly plane of the same type of parts is fixed, a virtual plane that coincides with the surface to be assembled of the part can be created in advance during the part modeling process as an independent assembly plane to assist in subsequent assembly operations; then, the local coordinate origin is determined on this assembly plane to represent the actual position of the part assembly. Considering that the screw holes need to be aligned when the parts overlap, the geometric center of the screw hole array on the assembly plane is selected as the local coordinate origin, and then the direction of the local coordinate axes is determined on the created assembly plane to represent the actual direction of the part assembly.

[0106] In setting the coordinate system orientation of the assembly plane, the z-axis is perpendicular to the assembly plane. For the y-axis and z-axis, provided the right-hand rule is satisfied, only one positive direction needs to be determined for each. The choice of the positive z-axis direction determines the position of the assembled component relative to the assembly plane after assembly.

[0107] Specifically, to support subsequent automated assembly operations, the three-dimensional model files of each standardized parametric part model are called one by one from the initial parametric switch cabinet part model library. The complete three-dimensional structural data is read and extracted, including the solid geometry of the part, the position and normal information of all surfaces, the center coordinates and size parameters of each screw hole in the screw hole array, and the identification information of the contact surface to be assembled that was entered during the initial standardization process, to ensure that the data source for subsequent processing is complete and traceable.

[0108] Next, virtual assembly planes are created for the 3D structural data of each standardized parametric part model. Based on the identification information of the contact surface to be assembled, the target contact surface (usually a plane with a screw hole array) used for overlapping and fixing of the parts is selected in the 3D modeling environment. Using the "Create Reference Plane" function, a virtual reference plane is generated with the contact surface as the reference plane, which is completely coincident with the normal and position of the contact surface. The plane is named "Assembly Reference Plane" and assigned a unique identifier. Multiple part models with virtual assembly planes are output.

[0109] Subsequently, using the geometric center of the screw hole array as a reference, the three-dimensional coordinates of the centers of all assembly screw holes within the virtual assembly plane of each part model with a virtual assembly plane are extracted. The geometric center coordinates of the screw hole array are obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of all screw hole coordinates. This point is marked on the virtual assembly plane and set as the local coordinate origin. At the same time, the three-dimensional position information of the origin is recorded, and multiple part models with local coordinate origins are output. Then, the local coordinate system of each part model with a local coordinate origin is optimized. First, the z-axis direction is set on the virtual assembly plane so that it is perpendicular to the virtual assembly plane. Based on the positional relationship of the paired assembly parts, the positive z-axis direction is uniformly defined as pointing from the current part to the mating assembly part. To avoid confusion in part orientation during subsequent assembly, one side of the assembly parts is selected (e.g., the z-axis points towards the cabinet frame during busbar assembly). Then, based on the right-hand coordinate system rule, the directions of the x and y axes are determined in the virtual assembly plane. The x-axis is set along the main length direction of the part (consistent with the main distribution direction of the screw hole array), and the y-axis is set along the width direction of the part, ensuring that the x, y, and z axes satisfy the right-hand rule. At the same time, the coordinate axis directions are unified for components of the same geometric similarity category (e.g., the x-axis of all three-phase busbars is along the current flow direction) to prevent model overlap due to inconsistent coordinate axis directions during subsequent assembly. After optimization, local coordinate system information is added to each part model to record the coordinate axis direction and the origin position.

[0110] Finally, multiple part models with complete local coordinate systems are compiled, all processed model files are organized and stored by category, the corresponding files in the initial model library are updated, and the model index information is improved. An "assembly datum information" field is added to each model to record the virtual assembly plane identifier, the position of the local coordinate origin, and the direction of the coordinate axes, thus constructing a target parameterized switchgear part model library.

[0111] In one example, taking the A-phase copper busbar of the KYN28-12 switchgear as an example, the complete process of creating a virtual assembly plane and calibrating the local coordinate system of the part model is executed: First, the standardized parametric part model file of the A-phase busbar is called from the initial parametric switchgear part model library, and the complete three-dimensional structural data is extracted, including the geometric shape parameters of the busbar body (length 180mm, width 100mm, thickness 10mm), the three-dimensional position and normal information of the assembly contact surface on one side of the busbar that is used to overlap with the B-phase busbar, and the center coordinates of the six assembly screw holes on the contact surface ((20,50,0), (20,60,0), (30,50,0), (30,60,0), (150,50,0), (150,60,0), respectively), with the busbar's own coordinate system as the reference. (Examine), and simultaneously read the previously entered "Contact Surface Identifier" field to confirm that the contact surface is the reference surface for subsequent assembly; then, in the 3D modeling environment, using the "Create Reference Plane" function, a virtual plane that completely coincides with the position and normal of the contact surface to be assembled on the A-phase busbar is generated with the contact surface to be assembled as a reference. This virtual plane is named "Assembly Reference Plane_A-phase Busbar" and assigned a unique identifier "AS001". After the virtual assembly plane is created, the A-phase busbar model with the virtual assembly plane is obtained; then, on the "Assembly Reference Plane_A-phase Busbar", the center 3D coordinates of the 6 assembly screw holes in the plane are extracted. By calculating the arithmetic mean of all screw hole coordinates, the geometric center coordinates of the screw hole array are obtained: the x-coordinate is (20+20+30+30+150+150) / 6=66.The y-coordinate is 55mm (50+60+50+60+50+60) / 6, and the z-coordinate is 0mm. This point is marked on the virtual assembly plane and set as the local coordinate origin. The three-dimensional position information of the origin is also recorded, resulting in the A-phase busbar model with a local coordinate origin. Next, the local coordinate system of this model is optimized. First, the z-axis direction is set to be perpendicular to the "assembly reference plane_A-phase busbar". Based on the assembly position relationship of the three-phase busbars, the positive z-axis direction is defined as the side pointing from the A-phase busbar to the B-phase busbar (i.e., the positive z-axis direction is towards the opposite side of the busbar overlap) to avoid busbar overlap during subsequent assembly. Then, based on the right-hand coordinate system rule, the x-axis and y-axis directions are determined in the virtual assembly plane. The x-axis is set along the main direction of the busbar length (i.e., consistent with the main distribution direction of the screw hole array, starting from the left end of the busbar). (Pointing to the right), the y-axis is set along the width direction of the busbar (from the bottom edge to the top edge), ensuring that the x, y, and z axes satisfy the right-hand rule. Simultaneously, the same coordinate axis direction rule is applied to both phase B and phase C busbars to maintain consistency in the coordinate system direction of the three-phase busbars. After optimization, local coordinate system information is added to the phase A busbar model, recording the coordinate axis direction and origin position. Finally, the processed phase A busbar model, along with the processed models of phase B and phase C busbars, are compiled and stored according to the "three-phase busbar" category. The corresponding files in the initial model library are updated, and the model index information is improved. An "assembly datum information" field is added to each model, recording the virtual assembly plane identifier, the local coordinate origin position, and the coordinate axis direction, thus constructing a target parameterized switchgear part model library containing three-phase busbars and other processed part models.

[0112] Step 104: Using the target parameterized switchgear part model library, perform automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, and output the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear.

[0113] It should be noted that, based on the target parameterized switchgear component model library built in the previous section, the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear are read and the component selection, assembly sequence and layout position are determined. The virtual assembly plane and local coordinate system preset for each component are used to automatically complete the component alignment, coordinate matching and assembly. At the same time, non-critical small structures are simplified according to the established rules, and finally the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear is output.

[0114] Furthermore, step 104 may include the following sub-steps:

[0115] S41. Extract the core configuration parameters of the switchgear from the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear;

[0116] S42. Based on the core configuration parameters of the switchgear, select an instance of the component to be assembled from the target parameterized switchgear component model library.

[0117] S43. Perform virtual assembly plane matching and preliminary local coordinate system positioning on the instances of parts to be assembled, and output the preliminary positioning parts.

[0118] S44. For the initially positioned parts, perform local coordinate system coincidence, screw hole center precise alignment, and rotation and direction change operations in sequence to output precisely assembled parts.

[0119] S45. Simplify the structure of the key heat-generating components in the precision-assembled parts to obtain the simplified key heat-generating components;

[0120] S46. Based on the precisely assembled parts and the simplified key heat-generating components, construct an initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet.

[0121] The core configuration parameters of the switchgear are a set of key parameters extracted from the complete overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, specifically used to guide component selection, model calling, and automated assembly. They serve as the core basis for the assembly process. Specifically, they include the overall dimensions of the cabinet (length, width, and height), the cabinet's installation reference coordinates, the specifications and rated electrical parameters of each functional component, the cross-sectional dimensions, length, and spatial arrangement coordinates of conductive components such as three-phase busbars, the models and quantities of contact assemblies, terminals, and other accessories, the overlapping positions between components, the assembly sequence, and the connection methods. They also include preset assembly angles and relative offsets for each component, enabling a complete definition of the hardware composition and overall layout logic of a single switchgear unit.

[0122] The component instance to be assembled is a standardized parametric component model entity retrieved and called from the target parametric switchgear component model library based on the core configuration parameters of the switchgear. This instance fully inherits all data from the parametric modeling stage, including the component's three-dimensional geometric shape, adjustable geometric parameter variables and feature constraint relationships, uniquely identified virtual assembly plane number and planar spatial position, normal vector, and other information. It also carries a complete set of coordinate system data, including the local coordinate origin coordinates, three-axis direction definitions, right-hand constraint rules, etc., and comes with component category labels, assembly adaptation instructions, and structural simplification preset rules, which can be directly imported into simulation software for assembly operations.

[0123] Preliminary component positioning refers to the component state formed after pairing two instances of components to be assembled, completing the virtual assembly plane association and binding, and the initial alignment of the local coordinate system. These components have achieved mutual alignment and logical binding of the virtual assembly planes, coarse alignment of the local coordinate origins, and spatial deviation between origins controlled within a preset allowable range. The overall relative spatial posture basically meets the assembly requirements. Internally, it records the bound virtual assembly plane number, the real-time coordinates of the coarsely aligned origins, the approximate direction of the current three axes, and the relative positional deviation values ​​between components. However, it has not yet undergone complete coordinate system overlap, screw hole fine alignment, or posture rotation operations; it has only completed basic positioning and represents a transitional state before precise assembly.

[0124] Precision assembly of components is the final assembled assembly obtained by sequentially completing the following steps based on the initial positioning of the components: complete coincidence of the local coordinate system, precise alignment of the geometric centers of the screw hole array, and rotational correction as needed. This component assembly achieves complete unification of the local coordinate origins and three-axis directions of the paired components, one-to-one matching of the center coordinates of all screw hole arrays, and strictly adheres to assembly rules to distinguish the initial positioning of the local coordinate systems of the two components, thus completely avoiding the problem of entity overlap. All rotation angles and translational displacement parameters are fixed; the assembly constraint relationships, final spatial coordinates, attitude angles, and screw hole alignment error data are fully stored internally; the overlapping structure between components fully meets the requirements of mechanical assembly, making it a benchmark assembly for structural simplification.

[0125] Key heat-generating components refer to the core functional components that continuously generate heat during the operation of the switchgear due to current conduction, contact resistance, and eddy current losses. These components are also the focus of the multiphysics-based temperature rise simulation analysis. They mainly include three-phase busbars, stud contacts, circuit breaker contact assemblies, and terminals. The components retain complete core structures and heat source characteristics such as the main current path, contact connection surface, and conductive substrate. They also come with simplified rules adapted to the simulation, allowing for equivalent processing of minor structures that do not affect heat generation characteristics, such as small contact fingers, dense screw holes, and minute chamfers, according to preset schemes. During model simplification, the accuracy of calculations for heat sources such as Joule heating and contact heat must be prioritized.

[0126] It should be noted that the basic principle of assembly is that the local coordinate systems coincide. In order to avoid two parts from being on the same side of the assembly plane after assembly and thus forming a solid overlap, it is necessary to ensure that a certain coordinate axis (such as the z-axis) of the local coordinate system of the assembly plane of one part points into the assembly part, and a certain coordinate axis of the local coordinate system of the assembly plane of the other part points out of the assembly part.

[0127] However, the same part needs to be reused in different locations, and the choice of its coordinate axis depends on the component that needs to be assembled with it. Therefore, the choice of whether to rotate along the local coordinate system can only be made according to the actual situation when importing the part to create the component. This operation is well supported in COMSOL Multiphysics.

[0128] Based on the aforementioned parts library and the preset virtual assembly plane and local coordinate system settings, a simplified model of the switchgear is generated using automated assembly methods. The specific automated assembly process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown: First, select the required parts from the parts library; then perform the initial matching between the virtual assembly plane and the local coordinate system; achieve preliminary positioning by aligning and adjusting the direction of the local coordinate system; finally, perform screw hole center alignment and rotation fine-tuning to complete automated assembly.

[0129] When constructing representative component models and performing automated assembly, key heat-generating components of the switchgear are reasonably simplified. For the Phillips-shaped contacts, an equivalent contact resistance model is adopted, retaining their main current paths and contact heating characteristics while ignoring the small contact finger structures. For busbar screw holes, simplification is achieved by equivalent filling or removing the screw holes and then increasing the equivalent contact resistance to avoid excessive mesh refinement. For busbar chamfers, rounded corners are used as an equivalent or direct simplification to right-angle transitions, while adjusting the local mesh density to ensure the accuracy of current density and Joule heating calculations.

[0130] By using the above simplification methods, the complexity and number of meshes of the model are greatly reduced, the consumption of computing resources and simulation time are significantly reduced, and the heating characteristics of key parts such as the plum blossom contact and busbar connection are well preserved, ensuring the engineering accuracy of the multiphysics simulation results and achieving an effective balance between modeling efficiency and calculation accuracy.

[0131] After inputting the overall configuration parameters of the switch cabinet, select the corresponding representative part instances from the parts library, and achieve automated assembly between components by aligning coordinate systems, aligning screw hole centers, and making necessary rotation adjustments, thereby obtaining a simplified geometric model that retains the main heat generation and heat dissipation characteristics.

[0132] like Figure 5 As shown, taking the assembly of the A-phase busbar and its branch as an example, virtual assembly planes are preset during the part creation process. During actual assembly, the assembly planes of the two components are selected, and the overlapping of entities is avoided by constraining the z-axis direction (one pointing inside the component and the other pointing outside), thus obtaining the final assembled geometric model.

[0133] In this embodiment, the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear are first read from the overall design scheme and parameter configuration file. Core configuration parameters such as cabinet dimensions, three-phase busbar specifications and layout coordinates, stud contact models, busbar branch overlap positions, and connection methods of each component are extracted. This clarifies the model, specifications, assembly position, and connection relationship of each component, providing a direct basis for subsequent automated assembly. Next, based on the extracted core configuration parameters, the corresponding component instances to be assembled are filtered and called from the target parameterized switchgear component model library by category. For example, based on the specifications of the A-phase busbar (100mm × 10mm copper busbar), the corresponding parameterized model is retrieved from the "Three-phase Busbar" model directory. Simultaneously, the model's preset virtual assembly plane identifier, local coordinate origin coordinates, and coordinate system direction definition are read to ensure that each component has complete assembly reference information. Subsequently, in COMSOL... In Multiphysics' assembly module, virtual assembly plane matching and preliminary local coordinate system positioning are performed on the instances of components to be assembled. First, the virtual assembly planes of paired components are linked and bound using preset "assembly plane identifiers" in the model library. Then, preliminary coordinate alignment is performed using the local coordinate origins of the two parts as a reference, ensuring the origin spatial deviation is controlled within 5mm while maintaining the virtual assembly plane fit, outputting the initially positioned components. Next, local coordinate system coincidence, precise screw hole center alignment, and on-demand rotation and direction change operations are sequentially performed on the initially positioned components. First, the "coordinate system matching" function is enabled to force the local coordinate systems of paired components to coincide, ensuring that the origins and directions of the x, y, and z axes are completely aligned. Then, the geometric center coordinates of the screw hole arrays of the two parts are read, the deviation is calculated, and translation correction is performed to ensure that the screw hole center coordinates are completely consistent, achieving precise screw hole alignment. Finally, the coordinate axis directions are adjusted according to the assembly relationship, ensuring that the z-axis of one component points inward and the z-axis of the other component points outward, avoiding physical overlap. If the component angle does not match the assembly requirements, the component is rotated along the corresponding axis of the local coordinate system to adjust to the target assembly angle, outputting a precisely assembled component. Then, the key heat-generating components in the precisely assembled components are structurally simplified. For the Phillips-shaped contact, the main current path and contact heating characteristics are retained, while small contact finger structures are removed, and an equivalent contact resistance model is used to simulate contact heating. For busbar screw holes, equivalent filling or removal of screw holes is used, and equivalent contact resistance is added to the corresponding contact surface. For busbar chamfers, the fillets are simplified to right angles or equivalent large fillets are used, while adjusting the local mesh density near the chamfer to ensure the accuracy of current density and Joule heating calculations, resulting in simplified key heat-generating components. Finally, all precisely assembled components and simplified key heat-generating components are integrated, and the components are assembled sequentially according to the overall structure of the switchgear, handling the connection relationships between components to construct an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear. This model removes non-critical small structures while retaining the core features of conductivity, heating, and heat dissipation.

[0134] Taking the assembly of the A-phase busbar and A-phase branch of the KYN28-12 switchgear as an example, the complete automated assembly process is executed as follows: First, the core configuration parameters are extracted from the overall configuration parameter file of the switchgear. The A-phase busbar specifications are 100mm×10mm copper busbars with a length of 800mm and an installation position coordinate of (0,0,0). The A-phase branch specifications are 60mm×10mm copper busbars with a length of 200mm, requiring overlap at 150mm from the end of the A-phase busbar, with a screw hole array center distance of 100mm. Then, the target parameters... In the switchgear component model library, the standardized parametric models of phase A busbar and phase A branch are retrieved. The virtual assembly plane of phase A busbar is identified as "AS001" (located at the overlap surface 150mm from the end), with the local coordinate origin at the geometric center of the screw hole array, coordinates (150, 50, 0), and the z-axis pointing inwards from the cabinet. The virtual assembly plane of phase A branch is identified as "AS002," with the local coordinate origin at the geometric center of the screw hole array, coordinates (0, 30, 0), and the z-axis pointing outwards. Subsequently, in COMSOL... Import two parts into Multiphysics. Using the "Assembly Plane Matching" function, associate and bind the "AS001" plane of the A-phase busbar with the "AS002" plane of the A-phase branch. Then, using the local coordinate origins of the two parts as a reference, perform initial coordinate alignment, ensuring the spatial deviation between the two origins is within 5mm, completing the initial positioning. Next, perform a local coordinate system coincidence operation. Select the local coordinate systems of the two parts in the software and enable the "Force Coincident" function to completely align the origins and directions of the two coordinate systems. Then, read the center coordinates of the screw hole array. The center coordinates of the screw holes on the A-phase busbar are (150, 50, 0), and the center coordinates of the screw holes on the A-phase branch are (0, 30, 0). After calculating the deviation, translate the A-phase branch to (150, 20, 0). First, the screw holes are aligned perfectly. Then, the coordinate axes are adjusted to ensure that the z-axis of the A-phase busbar points inward and the z-axis of the A-phase branch points outward, avoiding the two parts being on the same side of the assembly plane. At the same time, the A-phase branch is rotated 90 degrees around the x-axis to make it perpendicular to the A-phase busbar, adapting to the assembly angle. At this point, the two parts are precisely assembled, with aligned screw holes and no overlap. Next, these two components are simplified. The screw holes of the A-phase busbar are filled with equivalent material, and after removing the screw holes, equivalent contact resistance is added to the contact surface. The chamfer of the A-phase branch is simplified to a right angle, and the mesh near the chamfer is refined. Finally, the processed A-phase busbar and A-phase branch assembly model is integrated with the models of other components and arranged according to the overall structure of the switchgear, completing the construction of the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear.

[0135] Step 105: Use the COMSOL mesh generation function to perform mesh generation on the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear, and output a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear.

[0136] COMSOL mesh generation function is a built-in mesh generation module of COMSOL Multiphysics software. It supports the selection of various finite element types such as free tetrahedrons and hybrid meshes. It allows you to set the global mesh size, local mesh refinement parameters, and mesh quality judgment criteria. It can automatically complete the element generation, node placement, and mesh self-check of the geometric model. It is a dedicated tool for converting three-dimensional geometric models into finite element meshes that can be used for simulation.

[0137] The mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation refers to the finite element calculation model formed after meshing. This model completes the mesh layout by combining the multi-physics field simulation characteristics of switchgear electricity-current-heat. Fine meshes are used in key heat-generating components and air convection heat transfer areas, while conventional meshes are used in non-core areas such as the cabinet shell. The element type, mesh density and overall quality all meet the calculation specifications for temperature rise simulation.

[0138] It should be noted that the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear generated in the previous step is used as the processing object. The built-in mesh generation function of COMSOLMultiphysics is called. The mesh element type and density parameters are set according to the calculation requirements of temperature rise simulation. The overall model is discretized and finally a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear is output.

[0139] Furthermore, step 105 may include the following sub-steps:

[0140] S51. Extract global geometric information of the switchgear from the initial simplified geometric model.

[0141] S52. Based on the global geometric information of the model, locate the key heat-generating component area in the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear;

[0142] S53. The key heat-generating component area is densified using a preset mesh type and a preset basic mesh size to obtain multiple initial meshes;

[0143] S54. Perform quality inspection and mesh correction on multiple initial meshes to obtain multiple target meshes;

[0144] S55. Summarize multiple target meshes to obtain a mesh model suitable for switchgear temperature rise simulation.

[0145] The global geometric information of the model refers to the complete set of three-dimensional geometric data analyzed and extracted from the initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet. It includes the overall shape and size of the model, the three-dimensional coordinates and boundary parameters of each component, the structural outline and boundary range of key heat-generating components, the distribution area and boundary conditions of the air domain inside the cabinet, the connection relationship and positional constraints between different components, etc. It is the basic data source for mesh generation and determining the mesh refinement area.

[0146] The critical heat-generating component area refers to the area in the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear where Joule heat is continuously generated due to current conduction, contact resistance, and eddy current losses. This area is the key component that needs to be analyzed in the temperature rise simulation. It mainly includes the three-phase busbars, plum blossom contacts, and the bodies and contact connection parts of the terminals. It also includes the air convection heat transfer area that is in direct contact with these components. This area is the core object of mesh refinement.

[0147] The preset mesh type refers to the finite element type pre-set to adapt to the temperature rise simulation requirements of switchgear. It mainly includes two forms: free tetrahedral mesh and hybrid mesh. Free tetrahedral mesh is suitable for automatic meshing of complex structures. Hybrid mesh can combine the advantages of hexahedral and tetrahedral elements. Hexahedral elements are used in regular structural areas to improve calculation efficiency, while tetrahedral elements are used in complex areas to ensure accuracy. It can be flexibly selected according to the structural characteristics of different components.

[0148] The preset base mesh size refers to the unit size parameter system pre-set for mesh generation, including two types: global base mesh size and local fine mesh size. The global size is used for regular mesh generation in non-critical areas (such as cabinet shell and non-contact parts of insulation components), while the local fine mesh size is used for critical heat-generating component areas. The smaller the size, the finer the unit, and the higher the accuracy of capturing heat transfer and current density, but the computational load also increases accordingly. It needs to be set reasonably in combination with the simulation accuracy and efficiency requirements.

[0149] The initial mesh refers to the local mesh set obtained after preliminary division of the critical heat-generating component area and non-critical areas using preset mesh type and size parameters. It has achieved local densification of critical areas and conventional division of non-critical areas, but there may be quality problems such as excessive aspect ratio of some elements, excessive skewness, and discontinuous nodes, which need to be tested and corrected in subsequent processes.

[0150] The target mesh refers to the local mesh that meets the requirements in terms of element quality, size distribution, and node continuity after quality inspection and correction. The fine mesh in the critical heat-generating component area and the regular mesh in the non-critical area have been optimized. The transition between elements is smooth, without overlapping, gaps, or distortion issues, and can be directly used for subsequent multiphysics simulation calculations.

[0151] It should be noted that the simplified 3D model is meshed to obtain a mesh suitable for temperature rise simulation of switchgear.

[0152] The simplified model can be processed using the meshing function in COMSOL Multiphysics, for example, by using free tetrahedral meshes or hybrid meshes, and by controlling the size and density of the mesh through parameters, so as to accurately capture the heat dissipation path inside the switch cabinet and the heat transfer characteristics of the outer surface of the busbar.

[0153] For typical application scenarios, determine the corresponding simulation parameters and boundary conditions, including material properties, heat source settings, fluid boundaries, and heat transfer conditions.

[0154] Material properties include the resistivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity of conductors, as well as parameters such as the density, viscosity, and thermal conductivity of air.

[0155] Establish an electro-current-thermal multiphysics coupling model in COMSOL Multiphysics.

[0156] Among them, the current module is used to calculate the current density distribution and Joule heat loss in the conductors inside the switch cabinet, the fluid module is used to simulate the natural convection or forced ventilation of the air inside the cabinet, the solid and fluid heat transfer module is used to solve the temperature distribution of each component of the switch cabinet and the air domain, and realizes the data transmission and mutual coupling between the current field, the flow field and the heat transfer field through the multi-physics coupling interface.

[0157] Specifically, first, import the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear into the COMSOL Multiphysics environment, and select STEP (Standard for the Exchange of Product model data) or IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange) to match the model. Specification (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification) format file, ensuring the integrity of entity and boundary information during import; after import, enter the "Geometry" module, use the "Geometry Information" tool to read and parse all entities and boundaries of the model, extract the model's global dimensions (e.g., cabinet length × width × height: 800mm × 600mm × 2200mm), the 3D coordinates and boundary IDs of each component, the entity outlines of key heat-generating components (e.g., three-phase busbars, Phillips head contacts), and the distribution range of the air domain inside the cabinet (automatically identified through closed areas in the model), while recording the boundary data of connection surfaces and assembly contact surfaces between components, providing a basis for subsequent mesh refinement and boundary condition settings; then, based on the extracted global geometric information of the model, combined with the "Heat-generating Component" attribute tags added to key components during the modeling stage, use the "Select" tool in COMSOL to filter out the entity areas of the three-phase busbar (section 100mm × 10mm), Phillips head contacts, and terminals, as well as the contact connection areas, through the entity selection function, and simultaneously use the "Boundary Selection" tag. Mark the outer surfaces of these components that come into contact with air, as well as key areas for air convection heat transfer inside the cabinet (such as around the busbars and the heat dissipation channels at the top of the cabinet). Create name selection sets for these areas, such as "Busbar_Region", "Contact_Region", and "Air_Flow_Region", to facilitate targeted settings of mesh parameters later. Then, enter the "Mesh" module and create a new mesh sequence. First, add "Free Tetrahedral Mesh" as the base mesh type, or select "Hybrid Mesh" according to the component structure (use swept mesh for regular busbars and tetrahedral mesh for complex contact areas). Next, add a "Size" node, set the global base mesh size to the "Normal" level, and the unit size range to 5mm-10mm, applying it to non-critical areas such as the cabinet shell and insulation components. Then, add local "Size" nodes for critical heat-generating component areas, setting the unit size of "Busbar_Region" and "Contact_Region" to 1mm-2mm and the unit growth rate to 1.2 (i.e., the size of adjacent elements increases by a maximum of 20%), ensuring a smooth transition between the refined region and the global mesh and avoiding abrupt mesh changes; simultaneously, set the local mesh size for "Air_Flow_Region" to 3mm-5mm to capture the convective heat transfer boundary layer; after setting, click "Build Mesh" to generate multiple initial mesh elements containing the global mesh and the local refined mesh; then, use COMSOL's built-in "Mesh Quality" tool to perform a comprehensive quality check on the generated initial mesh, setting the quality judgment criteria: element aspect ratio not greater than 10, skewness not greater than 0.8, element interior angle between 10°-170°, and volume ratio not less than 0.1; after the check, the software will list the location and indicators of all low-quality elements, and use two correction methods for these elements: one is to adjust the node positions and optimize the elements through the "Smooth" function in the "Mesh Repair" tool. The process involves two steps: first, determining the shape of the mesh; second, deleting severely distorted elements, locally re-meshing, adjusting local size parameters, and regenerating the mesh; repeating the detection-correction process until the quality indicators of all elements meet the preset standards, resulting in multiple corrected target mesh regions; finally, assembling the corrected target meshes of each region. Since the mesh sequence is built based on the same geometric model, the nodes and elements of each region's mesh automatically inherit geometric topological relationships, ensuring continuous nodes without overlap or gaps; after assembly, the "Mesh Information" tool is used to check the total number of elements, number of nodes, minimum / maximum element size, mesh quality statistics, etc., of the global mesh to confirm smooth mesh transitions, sufficient densification in critical areas, and reasonable meshing in non-critical areas, ultimately generating a complete mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation. This model can be directly imported into the "Current-Fluid-Heat Transfer" multiphysics coupling module for subsequent temperature rise simulation calculations.

[0158] In one example, COMSOL Multiphysics is first launched and a new blank project is created. In the main interface of the software, the "File-Import" function is used to select the pre-made switch cabinet model file KYN2812_Simplify.step (STEP format). In the import settings, the option to retain entity, boundary, and assembly topology information is checked to ensure the integrity of the model structure. After the model is imported, the user jumps to the "Geometry" module. The "Geometry Information" tool in the module is used to batch parse the global data, and the overall external dimensions of the cabinet are read as 800mm×600mm×2200mm. The three-dimensional coordinates and unique boundary IDs of each component are extracted one by one. The cross-section of the three-phase busbar is uniformly 100mm×10mm, and the single length is 750mm. Six sets of staggered contacts are arranged at the three-phase busbar docking positions, and eight sets of terminals are arranged on both sides of the cabinet. The software automatically identifies the enclosed space inside the cabinet as an air domain, and records the boundary coordinates and topological relationships of all component assembly contact surfaces and overlapping surfaces, and retains all data completely for subsequent mesh settings.

[0159] Next, based on the extracted global geometric information of the model and combined with the "heat-generating component" attribute tags preset in the modeling stage, the COMSOL "Select" tool is used to perform region filtering and naming: the entity selection function selects the entire entity of the three-phase busbars A, B, and C to create the naming selection set Busbar_Region; the six sets of plum blossom contact bodies and contact parts are selected to create the selection set Contact_Region; the conductive contact area of ​​the wiring terminals is selected to create the selection set Terminal_Region; then, the boundary selection function is used to select the outer surface of the above-mentioned heat-generating components in contact with the air, as well as the areas with active airflow such as the busbar perimeter and the ventilation channel at the top of the cabinet, to create a unified air heat exchange area selection set Air_Flow_Region. All selection sets are saved, realizing rapid location of key areas.

[0160] Then, switch to the "Mesh" module and create a new independent mesh sequence. A hybrid mesh scheme is selected based on the structural characteristics of different components: free tetrahedral meshes are used for regular, non-critical areas such as the cabinet shell and insulating partitions; swept meshes are used for regular, long, straight structures such as three-phase busbars; and free tetrahedral meshes are used for complex, irregular structures such as staggered contacts and terminals. First, a global "Size" node is added, setting the global basic unit size range to 5mm~10mm. This parameter is then applied to non-simulation-critical areas such as cabinet sheet metal and insulating components. Next, multiple local "Size" nodes are added sequentially. For Busbar_Region and Contact_Region, the local unit size is set to 1mm~2mm, with a fixed unit growth rate of 1.2, controlling the size increase of adjacent meshes to no more than 20%, ensuring a smooth transition between the encrypted area and the global mesh. For Air_Flow_Region, the unit size is set to 3mm~5mm to accurately capture the air convection heat transfer boundary layer. After all parameters are configured, click "Build Mesh". The software will automatically complete the global mesh generation and generate an initial mesh containing a global regular mesh and a key area densified mesh. At this time, it can be observed that there are some morphologically distorted elements at the transition position of the plum blossom contact surface and at the corners where the busbar and the terminal block are connected.

[0161] Next, the built-in "Mesh Quality" inspection tool in COMSOL was used, with pre-set unified judgment criteria: element aspect ratio not greater than 10, skewness not greater than 0.8, element interior angle range of 10°~170°, and element volume ratio not less than 0.1. After starting the inspection, the software identified 21 low-quality elements, all concentrated in complex curved surfaces and structural corners. Corrections were made according to different distortion levels: for 18 slightly distorted elements, the "Mesh Repair - Smoothing" tool was used to fine-tune the spatial position of points and optimize the element outline; for 3 severely distorted elements with severely out-of-standard indicators, deletion was performed, and the mesh size of the local area was fine-tuned to 1.5mm before re-meshing. The "quality inspection + mesh correction" process was repeated twice until all mesh elements across the entire region met the preset standards, resulting in qualified target meshes for each partition.

[0162] Finally, all target meshes in each region are integrated and assembled. Since the entire mesh is generated based on the same geometric model, the meshes in each region automatically inherit the geometric topology, and the nodes in adjacent regions are completely continuous, with no overlap or gaps between elements. After assembly, the "Mesh Information" tool is used to perform a global verification. The results show that the model has approximately 271,000 elements and 415,000 nodes, with a global minimum element size of 1.01 mm and a maximum element size of 9.85 mm. The average aspect ratio of the global mesh is 4.1, and all statistical data meet the requirements for temperature rise simulation. This completes all processing, and the final complete mesh model can be directly connected to the current-fluid-heat transfer multiphysics coupling module to perform electrical-current-thermal coupling temperature rise simulation calculations for switchgear.

[0163] Step 106: Using the COMSOL solver, perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model adapted for temperature rise simulation of the switchgear based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, and output the switchgear temperature rise simulation results.

[0164] It should be noted that the mesh model adapted for the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear is connected to the COMSOL Multiphysics calculation module. The switchgear material property data, application scenario environment data and heat source distribution data are entered in sequence. After the multiphysics load and boundary conditions are configured, the COMSOL solver is started to perform numerical calculation. After the calculation is completed, all kinds of calculation data and visualization content are exported in a unified manner, and the temperature rise simulation results of the switchgear are output.

[0165] Furthermore, step 106 may include the following sub-steps:

[0166] S61. Based on the switchgear material property data, application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, construct the switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary condition configuration file;

[0167] S62. Based on the switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary condition configuration file, complete the multiphysics coupling interface configuration of the mesh model adapted to the switchgear temperature rise simulation to obtain the switchgear electric-current-heat multiphysics coupling simulation model.

[0168] S63. The COMSOL solver is used to perform simulation calculations on the electric-current-thermal multiphysics coupling simulation model of the switchgear to obtain the simulation results of the switchgear temperature rise.

[0169] The switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary condition configuration file is a standardized set of parameters built for the temperature rise simulation process. It includes three core configuration data: material properties, environmental boundaries, and heat source loads. The material properties section records the physical properties of each component and medium. The environmental boundaries section defines the temperature, convection heat transfer, and other conditions of the field operation. The heat source load section specifies the parameters such as current, contact resistance, and eddy current loss of each heat-generating component. It can be directly imported into COMSOL Multiphysics to achieve rapid configuration of the simulation environment.

[0170] The electro-current-thermal multiphysics coupled simulation model is a numerical calculation model constructed based on the switchgear mesh model through the coupling of three major physical field modules: current, fluid, and heat transfer. It realizes the data transfer and interaction between the current field, flow field, and temperature field. The current field calculates Joule heat loss, the flow field simulates air flow, and the temperature field solves for the global temperature distribution. It also considers the feedback of temperature on material properties and the influence of flow velocity on convective heat transfer, and is used to completely simulate the temperature rise phenomenon during the operation of the switchgear.

[0171] The multiphysics coupling interface is a functional module in COMSOL Multiphysics that enables data interaction between different physical fields. It can realize Joule heat transfer from the current field to the thermal field, feedback of the thermal field on the resistivity / thermal conductivity of the material, and correlation between the flow field velocity and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the heat transfer field, so as to achieve bidirectional coupling between various physical fields and more realistically reflect the multi-field coupling effect in the operation of the switchgear.

[0172] The temperature field control model is an analytical model built based on the heat source distribution of the switchgear. It includes a heat conduction model and a heat convection model. The heat conduction model describes the heat transfer inside the solid components, while the heat convection model describes the convective heat transfer between the air inside the cabinet and the solid components. It is used to perform temperature field analysis on the temperature rise simulation results and extract the temperature distribution characteristics of the switchgear.

[0173] It should be noted that the simplified model was meshed before simulation and simulation results were obtained.

[0174] The simulation results include information such as temperature distribution, hot spot temperature, temperature gradient, and temperature rise of key components in various internal locations of the switch cabinet.

[0175] A temperature field control model was used to analyze the temperature field of the simulation results and obtain the temperature distribution characteristics of the switchgear.

[0176] The temperature field control model is derived by modeling the heat source of the switchgear. The temperature field control model includes a heat conduction model and a heat convection model.

[0177] The heat source is the components that generate heat, such as Joule heat, contact resistance heat, and eddy current losses generated by busbars, contacts, circuit breakers, etc.

[0178] Based on the heat-generating components, heat conduction and heat convection models are established. The transfer of electric field losses to the heat field, the feedback of temperature to material properties, and the coupling of flow field velocity to convective heat transfer are realized through the predefined multiphysics interface of COMSOL Multiphysics or manual coupling.

[0179] Using the COMSOL Application Builder developer, the entire process described above, from geometric modeling and automated assembly to multiphysics simulation, is encapsulated into a convenient simulation application for ordinary users. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the software design encompasses the collaboration between model developer design (physical parameters, geometry, materials, and solution) and user interface design (interface layout, parameters, calculations, and result display). The application includes a graphical parameter input interface, a model preview area, simulation control buttons, and a result visualization module.

[0180] like Figure 7 As shown, the final generated App interface is mainly divided into a function option area, a parameter input area, a result selection area, and a model / result display window.

[0181] In the developed COMSOL App, ordinary users only need to input key parameters of the switchgear, such as geometric dimensions, load current, and ambient temperature, to perform multiphysics coupling solutions and view temperature rise results.

[0182] Simulation applications significantly lower the barrier to entry for professional simulation software, making it easier for designers, manufacturers, and maintenance personnel to quickly assess the temperature rise characteristics of switchgear.

[0183] The interactive interface module based on the COMSOL App is used to encapsulate the entire process, providing user-friendly parameter input and result visualization functions for ordinary users.

[0184] Specifically, firstly, based on the switchgear material property data, application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, a configuration file for switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary conditions is constructed. The specific operations are implemented in the "Materials" module of COMSOL Multiphysics: First, a new material library is created, and a "copper conductor" material is created for conductive components such as copper busbars, stud contacts, and terminals. The room temperature resistivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity are entered, and a formula for resistivity changing with temperature is defined (e.g., ...). ), The conductor resistivity at the current temperature, The conductor resistivity at the reference temperature, This represents the current operating temperature of the conductor. The temperature coefficient of copper is used as a reference temperature. (Take a value of 0.00393 / ℃); create an "insulating material" for the epoxy resin insulation component and enter the thermal conductivity parameter; create an "ideal gas" material for the air inside the cabinet and correlate the changes in density, dynamic viscosity, and thermal conductivity with temperature. Then enter the application scenario environmental data, setting the ambient temperature to 40℃ and atmospheric pressure to 1 atm in the "Global Definition" module, and defining the natural convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer wall of the cabinet and the outside environment as 8~10 W / (m²). 2 ·K). Then, based on the heat source distribution data of the switchgear, define the operating current of the three-phase busbar (e.g., 1250A) in the "Current" module, and set the contact resistance (e.g., 4.5e-6Ω) for the contact areas of the sprite contacts and terminals. This is done through "I 2 R” calculates the contact thermal power and loads it as a heat source; sets up an eddy current loss model for the ferromagnetic components around the circuit breaker, clarifies the eddy current loss power parameters, binds all heat source loading areas to the naming selection sets such as “Busbar_Region” and “Contact_Region” created in the modeling stage, and organizes them to obtain a complete configuration file containing material parameters, environmental boundaries, and heat source loads.

[0185] Next, based on this configuration file, the multiphysics coupling interface configuration was completed for the mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation: The "Current Conservation" function of the AC / DC module, the "Laminar Flow" function of the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) module, and the "Solid Heat Transfer" and "Fluid Heat Transfer" functions of the heat transfer module were added sequentially. In the current module, one end of the busbar was set as the current input boundary, and the other end as the ground boundary, used to calculate the current density distribution and Joule heat loss in the conductor. In the fluid module, the air inside the cabinet was set as an incompressible fluid, the walls were set to no-slip conditions, and the ventilation openings at the top and bottom of the cabinet were set as open boundaries (at atmospheric pressure) to simulate natural convection or forced ventilation. In the heat transfer module, heat transfer models were configured for both solid components (busbars, contacts, cabinet) and the fluid (air domain), and then... The multiphysics coupling interface achieves three types of coupling: First, through the "Joule heat" coupling interface, the Joule heat loss of the current field is transferred to the solid heat transfer field; second, through the "non-isothermal flow" coupling interface, the correlation between the flow field velocity and the convective heat transfer coefficient is realized, so that the air flow state affects the convective heat transfer on the surface of the component; third, "temperature feedback" coupling is set up, so that the temperature change reacts to the resistivity, thermal conductivity and other properties of the material, and at the same time, boundary conditions are added to each physical field, such as setting the surface of the insulating component as the thermal insulation boundary and the symmetry plane of the cabinet as the symmetry boundary, and finally obtaining the electric-current-heat multiphysics coupling simulation model of the switch cabinet.

[0186] Subsequently, the COMSOL solver was used to perform simulation calculations on the coupled simulation model. Based on the steady-state temperature rise simulation requirements, the "steady-state fully coupled solver" was selected, and the maximum number of iteration steps was set to 50 and the convergence tolerance to 1e-6. After the calculation was started, the solver automatically completed the iterative solution of the multiphysics equations. During the process, the residual curves of the current field, flow field, and temperature field, as well as the changes in key physical quantities such as the highest busbar temperature and air velocity, were monitored in real time through the "solver log". When all residuals dropped below the tolerance and the key physical quantities tended to stabilize, the calculation was determined to be converged. After the calculation was completed, the calculation data was extracted through the "derived value" tool to obtain the temperature distribution, hot spot temperature, temperature gradient, and temperature rise of key components in each internal position of the switchgear. The results were then analyzed through the temperature field control model (including the heat conduction model and the heat convection model). At the same time, the temperature cloud map, cross-sectional temperature curve, and air velocity vector map were generated in the "Results" module to fully present the temperature rise characteristics of the switchgear.

[0187] In one example, taking the KYN28-12 armored withdrawable switchgear as an example, the above process is executed completely: First, a configuration file is built, defining a room temperature resistivity of 2.0×10 for the T2 copper busbar. -8The thermal conductivity is 401 W / (m·K), and the specific heat capacity is 385 J / (kg·K). The thermal conductivity of the epoxy resin insulation is 0.2 W / (m·K). An ideal gas model is used for air, and the relationship between its properties and temperature is correlated. The ambient temperature is set at 40℃, the atmospheric pressure at 1 atm, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the cabinet exterior wall is 10 W / (m·K). 2 ·K); Define the three-phase busbar current as 1250A, and the contact resistance of the plum blossom contact as 4.5×10. -6 Ω, contact heat power through I 2 R is calculated to be 7.03W, applied to the contact surface of the contacts, and the eddy current loss power of the iron components around the circuit breaker is set to 50W. Next, the multi-physics coupling interface is configured: in the current module, one end of the A, B, and C three-phase busbars is input with a current of 1250A, and the other end is grounded; in the laminar flow module, the two vents at the top of the cabinet are set as pressure outlets (0Pa), and the two vents at the bottom are set as pressure inlets (0Pa), with no wall slippage; in the solid heat transfer module, solid heat transfer models are assigned to the busbars, contacts, and cabinet, and the fluid heat transfer module is assigned to the air domain model. Current and heat transfer are coupled through "Joule heating", and fluid and heat transfer are coupled through "non-isothermal flow". At the same time, the convective heat transfer at the contact surface between the busbars and the air is set to be automatically calculated by the flow field. The steady-state fully coupled solver was then started, with a maximum iteration step of 50 and a convergence tolerance of 1e-6. By the 32nd iteration, all residuals had dropped below 1e-6, indicating convergence. After the calculation, the results showed that the highest temperature of the three-phase busbar was 75℃, with a temperature rise of 35℃; the contact area of ​​the plum blossom contact was the hot spot, with a maximum temperature of 82℃ and a temperature rise of 42℃; the highest air temperature inside the cabinet was 55℃, and the cold air flowing in from the bottom vent formed a convection channel around the busbar with a flow velocity of about 0.2m / s, which carried away heat as it flowed out from the top vent. The generated temperature cloud map clearly showed that the plum blossom contact was the main heat source, the busbar temperature was uniformly distributed, and the cabinet shell temperature was close to the ambient temperature. At the same time, the temperature rise curves and air velocity vector diagrams of key components were exported, fully presenting the temperature rise characteristics and convection heat transfer path of the switchgear.

[0188] It is worth mentioning that this invention will rely on the full-domain temperature field data output from the aforementioned switchgear temperature rise simulation to conduct research on fault inversion, localization, and diagnosis of typical defects in switchgear, so as to achieve accurate fault identification and status assessment based on temperature field characteristics. First, based on the established switchgear electro-current-thermal multi-physics coupled simulation model, by setting different types and severity of fault conditions, such as increased contact resistance of the perforated contact, loose busbar lap bolts, abnormal eddy current loss in the cabinet, and localized aging and heating of insulation components, temperature rise simulation calculations are carried out under multiple fault conditions. This obtains characteristic data such as temperature field distribution, hotspot location, temperature rise amplitude, and temperature gradient corresponding to various faults, constructing a temperature field sample library covering common faults. Second, feature extraction is performed on the temperature field data in the sample library. Based on the temperature field differences of different fault types, key feature parameters with discriminative power are selected, such as the temperature deviation between hotspots and normal operating conditions, the temperature rise rate of the hotspot area, and the temperature difference between symmetrical components. By analyzing the temperature gradient change rate around hot spots and other parameters, a one-to-one mapping relationship is established between fault type, fault location, fault severity, and temperature field characteristic parameters. Subsequently, a fault inversion model is constructed based on the above mapping relationship. A feature matching algorithm or a supervised machine learning classification model can be used, with temperature field characteristic parameters as input and fault information as output, to complete model training and verification. Finally, temperature field data collected during the actual operation of the switchgear (such as infrared thermal imaging data and fiber optic temperature measurement array data) is input into the inversion model. By matching and comparing it with fault features in the sample library, the rapid location, type identification, and severity assessment of typical switchgear faults can be achieved, providing data support for switchgear condition-based maintenance and fault early warning.

[0189] For comparison of technical effects, existing technologies can be referenced. Switchgear is a core device in power systems used for power distribution, control, and protection. It contains complex components such as the cabinet frame, busbar system, circuit breaker trolley, contact assembly, instrument compartment, door panel, and ventilation structure. During operation, Joule heating of conductors, contact resistance heating, and eddy current losses can cause significant temperature rises in the switchgear, affecting insulation life, contact reliability, and equipment safety. Traditional temperature rise analysis relies on a full geometric 3D model, which suffers from long modeling cycles, huge mesh counts, high computational resource consumption, and difficulty in quickly adapting to switchgear of different capacities and configurations. Furthermore, manually simplifying the geometric model is highly subjective, has poor reusability, and when dealing with key heat-generating components such as perforated contacts and busbar connections, excessive detail or improper simplification can easily lead to low simulation efficiency or insufficient accuracy.

[0190] While existing technologies employ multiphysics simulation software for temperature field simulation, most still rely on manual modeling or simplified processing of single devices, lacking a systematic classification of component geometric similarity and a reusable parts library mechanism. In automated assembly, current methods largely depend on manual positioning, making it difficult to efficiently handle coordinate alignment and assembly constraints in complex overlapping relationships. Furthermore, professional simulation software has a high learning curve, making it difficult for ordinary designers and maintenance personnel to quickly conduct temperature rise analysis, thus failing to meet the urgent need for efficient and standardized simulation in engineering projects.

[0191] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification. Through standardized component classification, the construction of a reusable parametric parts library, automated assembly, and multiphysics coupling analysis, it achieves efficient end-to-end processing of switchgear from parametric modeling to temperature rise simulation. Furthermore, it is packaged into a user-friendly simulation app using COMSOL Application Builder. This invention belongs to the field of digital simulation technology for power equipment, specifically covering three core technical aspects: simplified parametric modeling of switchgear geometry, automated component assembly, and electromagnetic-fluid-thermal multiphysics coupling temperature rise simulation. It is applicable to various engineering application scenarios, including switchgear temperature rise characteristic prediction, temperature distribution analysis, and rapid parametric modeling and simulation verification.

[0192] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, 1. For component geometric similarity analysis and the construction of a highly reusable parts library: The core objective of this stage is to build a standardized geometric simplification modeling system for switchgear. By deeply abstracting complex components, this fundamentally solves the efficiency bottleneck caused by reinventing the wheel in traditional simulation modeling. This method mainly classifies components systematically based on geometric similarity. By analyzing the structural characteristics of typical switchgear, the shape, topology, and size proportions of components are comprehensively included in the geometric similarity analysis. During implementation, components with the same topological structure are identified and categorized, thus laying a solid technical foundation for the standardization and modular management of components.

[0193] In terms of the construction logic of parametric part models, the system achieves high reusability of parts through a single parametric model. Taking a three-phase busbar with highly consistent geometry as an example, the system only needs to build a basic model, and can derive specific instances of phases A, B, and C by dynamically modifying key parameters such as the screw hole positions. In actual engineering implementation, relying on the parametric driving interface preset in the COMSOL environment, the system integrates core geometric parameters including busbar length, width, and screw hole spacing. Users only need to adjust the relevant values ​​according to design requirements, and the model can achieve automated dynamic reconstruction. This parametric driving mechanism significantly improves the overall efficiency and reusability of simulation modeling while ensuring the flexibility of part design.

[0194] 2. For automated alignment criteria based on virtual assembly constraints: To replace the traditional inefficient manual positioning method, this solution proposes an automated assembly algorithm based on local coordinate system mapping. Its implementation logic mainly relies on the virtual assembly plane implanted during the parts library modeling stage. This auxiliary plane is pre-set on every potential overlapping surface, not only carrying key geometric information but also serving as the core positioning benchmark in the subsequent assembly process, providing a unified physical interface for automated matching between parts.

[0195] Regarding the determination of the local coordinate system, the method adheres to a strict origin-locking rule. By selecting the geometric center of the screw hole array on the assembly plane as the coordinate origin, it ensures that the corresponding electrical connection holes of two independent components can achieve sub-millimeter-level precise alignment when they coincide in space. To completely avoid the problem of entity overlap that may occur after assembly, i.e., to prevent two entities from occupying the same physical space due to improper coordinate definition, the method strictly follows the right-hand rule when defining the coordinate axes, and specifically stipulates that the z-axis of the active component must point inward, while the z-axis of the passive component (the component to be matched) points outward. On this basis, the system also supports secondary fine-tuning and direction compensation of the local coordinate system by rotation angle parameters according to the actual orientation of the components (such as vertical or horizontal overlap) when importing parts, thereby enabling robust automatic generation of switch cabinet models even in complex spatial topology environments.

[0196] 3. Engineering Simplification Strategy and Automated Modeling Process for Key Heat-Generating Components: To balance simulation accuracy and computational efficiency, this method employs scientific simplification of non-core geometric features to significantly reduce the total number of meshes. For key heat-generating components such as the Phillips-shaped contact, considering the extremely detailed original contact structure, direct modeling would result in a geometric increase in the number of meshes. Therefore, this method simplifies them to a solid loop retaining the main current path and accurately simulates their heating characteristics by setting an "equivalent contact resistance," significantly improving the numerical solution speed while preserving the physical essence of the heat source. Simultaneously, this scheme performs equivalent filling processing on bolt holes in non-heat-generating core areas such as busbar connections. During the calculation phase, "boundary current" and "equivalent thermal resistance" constraints are applied to the lap surface to effectively compensate for the conduction deviation caused by removing the bolt entity. Furthermore, this method uniformly performs right-angle processing on the chamfers and rounded corners of the busbar edges, thereby significantly reducing the number of meshes required for mesh generation.

[0197] Based on the aforementioned simplification principles, this solution further constructs a highly efficient automated assembly line. Its implementation process covers the entire process from selecting instances from the parts library, extracting virtual assembly planes, matching local coordinate systems, to automatic alignment of screw hole centers and final automated assembly. This highly automated mechanism achieves seamless integration from parameter input to geometry generation, successfully compressing the originally tedious manual modeling work and greatly optimizing the implementation efficiency of switchgear temperature rise simulation in the design, manufacturing, and operation and maintenance stages.

[0198] 4. For the strongly coupled electromagnetic-fluid-thermal multiphysics simulation analysis: This method establishes a deeply coupled electromagnetic-fluid-thermal multiphysics model based on COMSOL Multiphysics, aiming to accurately simulate the complex evolution process of the switchgear under actual operating conditions. In terms of module configuration, electromagnetic loss calculation is first performed through the current module. Based on the input load current (e.g., 1250 A or 1350 A), the current density distribution inside the conductor and on the contact surface is solved, thereby accurately calculating Joule heat loss. Subsequently, the fluid module is used to establish an air domain model inside the switchgear, fully considering the non-isothermal flow characteristics of air density changing with temperature, to accurately simulate the natural convection effect caused by temperature difference and the forced heat dissipation path through the ventilation openings. Under the coordination of the multiphysics interface, the heat loss generated by the electric field is transferred to the heat transfer field in real time, while the calculation results of the temperature field are fed back to the resistivity and other material parameters of the conductor in real time, realizing bidirectional real-time coupled calculation between the electric, fluid, and thermal fields.

[0199] In setting the simulation boundary conditions, this scheme employs rigorous physical configuration of material properties, covering key parameters such as the resistivity, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity of conductors, as well as the density and viscosity of air. For typical engineering applications, the system sets the ambient temperature to a baseline ambient temperature (e.g., 25°C) and configures the surface heat transfer coefficient based on the cabinet's structural characteristics. Through the precise definition of these multiphysics control equations and boundary conditions, the model can accurately capture the temperature gradient, hotspot distribution, and temperature rise characteristics of key components within the switchgear, providing a scientific simulation basis for equipment structural optimization and safe operation assessment.

[0200] 5. Value of COMSOL App Packaging and Digital Application: To lower the operational threshold of professional simulation software, this solution utilizes the Application Builder developer in COMSOL Multiphysics to achieve the engineering transformation from complex physics algorithms to convenient simulation tools. The application's interactive design architecture is rigorously divided into a backend model builder and a frontend user interface design. The model builder, as the core engine, is responsible for defining physical parameters, performing complex geometric transformations, assigning material properties, and numerically solving the electro-current-thermal partial differential equations. The frontend interface, through graphical forms and functional area layouts, intuitively receives user commands and displays the calculation status, achieving a high degree of automation and encapsulation of the simulation process.

[0201] In terms of specific functional module division, the App interface highly integrates three core areas: parameter input, result selection, and 3D visualization. The parameter input area supports quick configuration of cabinet geometry, load current, ambient temperature, and contact resistance of key components such as perforated contacts, circuit breakers, and busbar connectors. Users can easily switch between viewing temperature distribution, flow velocity, etc., through the result selection area, and observe the simplified 3D model and its simulation rendering effects in real time in the visualization window. From an engineering application perspective, this system allows maintenance and design personnel to quickly assess the temperature rise safety margin of switchgear under different load conditions without requiring extensive simulation expertise, thus providing scientific quantitative support for equipment life prediction, structural optimization, and safety verification.

[0202] In summary, this invention classifies components and constructs a parametric parts library based on geometric similarity. During component creation, a virtual assembly plane and a local coordinate system with the center of the screw hole array as the origin are preset. Automated assembly is achieved through coordinate system coincidence and orientation adjustment, generating a simplified geometric model that retains key thermophysical characteristics. After meshing the model, a current-fluid-solid and fluid heat transfer coupling model is established in COMSOL Multiphysics for simulation to obtain temperature distribution information. Finally, the entire process is encapsulated into a graphical simulation app based on Application Builder, enabling parameter-driven one-click modeling and simulation. This invention effectively balances modeling efficiency and simulation accuracy, and is suitable for switchgear temperature rise prediction, heat dissipation optimization, and the construction of digital twin platforms.

[0203] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding advantages:

[0204] 1) Standardization and reusability: Geometric similarity classification + parts library mechanism makes the modeling of switch cabinets with different configurations highly standardized, avoiding repetitive work.

[0205] 2) Innovative implementation of automated assembly: The clearly defined virtual plane, the principle of local coordinate system coincidence, and the positioning of screw hole center, combined with COMSOL Work Plane and coordinate transformation functions, provide an automated approach to overlapping assembly, which significantly improves assembly accuracy and efficiency.

[0206] 3) Multiphysics simulation accuracy: The simplified model significantly reduces computational costs while ensuring accuracy. The coupled model considers temperature-related material properties and flow-heat feedback, and the simulation results are in high agreement with actual tests.

[0207] 4) Universality and ease of use: The development of COMSOL App has transformed simulation from an expert tool to a tool for ordinary users, supporting rapid iteration in the early stages of design, verification of the manufacturing process, and real-time evaluation of operation and maintenance, with significant economic and social benefits.

[0208] 5) Industrial application value: It can be integrated into the digital design platform to support the structural optimization of switchgear (such as adding ventilation openings and adjusting bus spacing), safety margin assessment and life prediction, and promote the transformation of power equipment towards intelligence and digitalization.

[0209] In this embodiment of the invention, a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification is provided. The method acquires typical structural data and component feature data of the switchgear, and generates full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results for multiple components of the switchgear based on these data. Parametric modeling is then performed based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of the multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library. Finally, the initial parametric switchgear component model library is processed with virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration to output a target parametric switchgear component model library. Based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, an automated assembly process is performed using a target parameterized switchgear component model library to output an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear. The COMSOL mesh generation function is then used to mesh the initial simplified geometric model, outputting a mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation. Finally, the COMSOL solver is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model based on switchgear material property data, application environment data, and heat source distribution data, outputting the switchgear temperature rise simulation results. Based on the above scheme, this invention collects typical structural data and component features of the switchgear. The data is used to generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results for components, establishing a unified classification and feature benchmark for subsequent modeling work. Based on this, parametric modeling is completed and an initial parametric switchgear component model library is built, realizing centralized storage and reuse of various component models. It eliminates the need to build component models from scratch for each temperature rise analysis. Virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration are completed uniformly based on the component library. The benchmark structure required for assembly is configured in advance for all component models. Subsequently, based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, the target parametric switchgear component model library is directly called to perform automated assembly and generate an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear. Automated assembly replaces manual assembly operations. The COMSOL mesh generation function is used to automatically complete the model mesh generation. The tool is used to realize the generation, detection and correction of the mesh, without requiring operators to have professional manual mesh editing skills. Finally, based on various simulation basic data, the COMSOL solver is used to automatically complete the temperature rise simulation calculation and output the results. The multiphysics simulation calculation is handed over to the tool for automatic execution, which greatly reduces the operation threshold of the entire switchgear temperature rise analysis process, reduces the reliance on professional simulation knowledge and practical experience, and helps technicians to quickly and independently carry out equipment temperature rise analysis.

[0210] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a structural block diagram of a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0211] This invention provides a simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, comprising:

[0212] The acquisition module 901 is used to acquire typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet, and generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components of the switch cabinet based on the typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet.

[0213] Modeling module 902 is used to perform parametric modeling based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library;

[0214] Calibration module 903 is used to perform virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration processing on the initial parametric switchgear part model library, and output the target parametric switchgear part model library.

[0215] Assembly module 904 is used to perform automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switch cabinet using the target parameterized switch cabinet parts model library, and output the initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet.

[0216] The meshing module 905 is used to perform meshing on the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear using the COMSOL meshing function, and output a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear.

[0217] Simulation module 906 is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation using the COMSOL solver based on switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, and output the switchgear temperature rise simulation results.

[0218] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0219] This invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification as described in the above embodiments.

[0220] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program / instruction thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification as described in the above embodiments.

[0221] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0222] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0223] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0224] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0225] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, characterized in that, include: Obtain typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet, and generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components of the switch cabinet based on the typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet; Based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components, parametric modeling is performed to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library; Perform virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration on the initial parameterized switchgear part model library, and output the target parameterized switchgear part model library; Using the target parameterized switchgear component model library, based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, automated assembly processing is performed to output an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear; The initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear was meshed using the COMSOL meshing function, and a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear was output. The COMSOL solver is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model of the adapted switchgear based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data, and outputs the switchgear temperature rise simulation results.

2. The simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results for multiple components of the switchgear based on the typical structural data of the switchgear and the component feature data includes: Extract full-dimensional features of multiple components of the switchgear from the typical structural data of the switchgear and the component feature data; Based on the full-dimensional features of multiple components, the feature matching degree between each component is compared, and the similarity comparison result between each component is output. Based on the similarity comparison results between the various components and the preset similarity judgment threshold, the components are classified and grouped, and the preliminary classification results of each component are output.

3. The simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves parametric modeling based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library, including: Based on the preliminary classification results and full-dimensional features of each component, parameter-driven design is performed to obtain the parameterized part model of each component. The parametric part models of multiple components are standardized, and a set of standardized parametric part models is output. Based on the standardized parametric part model set, an initial parametric switchgear part model library is constructed.

4. The simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of creating a virtual assembly plane and calibrating a local coordinate system for the initial parametric switchgear part model library, and outputting a target parametric switchgear part model library, includes: The three-dimensional structural data of each standardized parametric part model is extracted one by one from the initial parametric switch cabinet part model library; Virtual assembly planes are created for the three-dimensional structural data of each standardized parametric part model, and multiple part models with virtual assembly planes are output. Using the geometric center of the screw hole array as a reference, a local coordinate origin is set on the virtual assembly plane of each part model with a virtual assembly plane, and multiple part models with local coordinate origins are output. Local coordinate system optimization is performed on each of the part models with a local coordinate origin to output multiple part models with a complete local coordinate system. Summarize multiple part models with complete local coordinate systems and output a target parameterized switchgear part model library.

5. The simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using the target parameterized switchgear component model library to perform automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear, and outputting an initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear, includes: Extract the core configuration parameters of the switchgear from the overall configuration parameters of the switchgear; Based on the core configuration parameters of the switchgear, select an instance of the component to be assembled from the target parameterized switchgear component model library; The virtual assembly plane matching and local coordinate system preliminary positioning of the component instance to be assembled are performed, and the preliminary positioning component is output. For the initially positioned components, perform local coordinate system coincidence, screw hole center precise alignment, and rotation and direction change operations as needed to output precisely assembled components; The structure of the key heat-generating component in the precision-assembled parts is simplified to obtain the simplified key heat-generating component; Based on the precisely assembled components and the simplified key heat-generating components, an initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet is constructed.

6. The simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear is meshed using the COMSOL meshing function, outputting a mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation, including: Extract global geometric information of the switchgear from the initial simplified geometric model; Based on the global geometric information of the model, the key heat-generating component areas in the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear are located. The key heat-generating component area is densified using a preset mesh type and a preset base mesh size to obtain multiple initial meshes; Multiple initial meshes are subjected to quality inspection and mesh correction to obtain multiple target meshes; By aggregating multiple target meshes, a mesh model suitable for temperature rise simulation of switchgear is obtained.

7. The simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The COMSOL solver is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model adapted for temperature rise simulation of the switchgear, based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data. The simulation results of switchgear temperature rise are output, including: Based on the switchgear material property data, the application scenario environment data, and the switchgear heat source distribution data, a configuration file for switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary conditions is constructed. Based on the switchgear temperature rise simulation parameters and boundary condition configuration file, the multiphysics coupling interface configuration is completed for the mesh model adapted for switchgear temperature rise simulation, resulting in the switchgear electric-current-thermal multiphysics coupling simulation model. The COMSOL solver was used to perform simulation calculations on the electro-current-thermal multiphysics coupled simulation model of the switchgear, and the simulation results of the switchgear temperature rise were obtained.

8. A simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation system for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet, and generate full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components of the switch cabinet based on the typical structural data and component feature data of the switch cabinet; The modeling module is used to perform parametric modeling based on the full-dimensional features and preliminary classification results of multiple components to obtain an initial parametric switchgear component model library. The calibration module is used to perform virtual assembly plane creation and local coordinate system calibration processing on the initial parameterized switchgear part model library, and output the target parameterized switchgear part model library. The assembly module is used to perform automated assembly processing based on the overall configuration parameters of the switch cabinet using the target parameterized switch cabinet parts model library, and output the initial simplified geometric model of the switch cabinet. The meshing module is used to perform meshing on the initial simplified geometric model of the switchgear using the COMSOL meshing function, and output a mesh model adapted to the temperature rise simulation of the switchgear. The simulation module is used to perform temperature rise simulation on the mesh model of the adapted switchgear temperature rise simulation based on the switchgear material property data, switchgear application scenario environment data, and switchgear heat source distribution data using the COMSOL solver, and output the switchgear temperature rise simulation results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed, it implements the simplified modeling and temperature rise simulation method for switchgear based on geometric similarity classification as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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