Method for river and lake flow regulation based on carbon sink guidance in drought-flood rapid change scenario

Abstract

The application discloses a river and lake flow scheduling method based on carbon sink orientation in a drought-flood sudden change scene, relates to the technical field of flow scheduling, and comprises the following steps: identifying the stage period and the sudden change duration of the drought-flood sudden change event in a scheduling period; taking the daily discharge flow of a reservoir and the ecological daily water supplement flow as parameters, constructing the scheduling flow in the scheduling period; determining the daily runoff of a downstream river channel corresponding to the scheduling flow, and determining the sudden change amplitude corresponding to the scheduling flow; determining the carbon monoxide, methane and nitrous oxide three gas fluxes in the sudden change period and the recovery period under the scheduling flow, the carbon net loss in the sudden change period and the carbon net loss in the recovery period; determining the water-ecology-carbon sink three-in-one objective function corresponding to each stage period; under various constraint conditions, the scheduling flow is solved by taking the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink three-in-one objective function of the stage period as the target, and the solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate is selected as the final result of the stage period, so that the greenhouse gas emission can be reduced, and the river and lake regulation and control and carbon sink protection can be realized in cooperation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of river and lake flow scheduling technology, and in particular to a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid shift from drought to flood. Background Technology

[0002] River and lake ecological scheduling is a core technical means in areas such as joint operation of watershed reservoirs, dynamic allocation of ecological water replenishment, and optimization of river cross-section flow.

[0003] Existing publicly available emergency ecological scheduling methods based on the concept of "ecological interception of sudden drought-flood transition events" mitigate the impact of such events by adjusting the outflow from reservoirs in river and lake basins during the period of sudden drought-flood transition events. The core feature of this existing technology is that it uses only hydrological-ecological indicators such as flow rate, water level, and ecological water demand for analysis and decision-making.

[0004] The carbon sequestration function of rivers and lakes is a key element in maintaining the stability of aquatic ecosystems and improving the regional ecological environment. In order to further improve the water ecological protection system under extreme scenarios of rapid drought and flood and make up for the limitations of traditional scheduling methods, it is urgent to construct a carbon sequestration-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid drought and flood. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid shift from drought to flood, so as to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of climate risk response.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios, including:

[0007] Acquire hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraints data, and ecological status data;

[0008] Based on the hydrological and meteorological forecasts, potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period are identified, and the stages and duration of these events are determined; the stages include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period.

[0009] The scheduling flow rate during the specified scheduling period is constructed using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow rate as parameters.

[0010] Determine the downstream daily runoff corresponding to the scheduled flow rate, and determine the abrupt change magnitude corresponding to the scheduled flow rate based on the downstream daily runoff rate;

[0011] Based on the magnitude of the abrupt change, the duration of the abrupt change, the end date of the abrupt change period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, the three gas fluxes during the abrupt change and the recovery period under the dispatched flow rate are determined respectively. The three gas fluxes during the abrupt change and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period are then processed according to the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the abrupt change and the net carbon loss during the recovery period.

[0012] For each stage, a water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function is determined based on the net carbon loss of the stage, the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage, and the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage. The water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term.

[0013] Based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, at least one constraint condition is determined. Under the constraints of each constraint condition, the scheduling flow is solved with the goal of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the stage period, and the Pareto front solution set of the scheduling flow for the stage period is obtained.

[0014] The solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate is selected from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduled flow for the stage.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a river and lake ecological scheduling device based on carbon sink orientation under the scenario of rapid drought-flood transition, comprising:

[0016] The acquisition module is used to acquire hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraints data, and ecological status data.

[0017] The identification module is used to identify potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period based on the hydrological and meteorological forecast, and to determine the phases and duration of the drought-flood transition events; the phases include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period;

[0018] The construction module is used to construct the scheduling flow during the scheduling period using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow as parameters;

[0019] An amplitude determination module is used to determine the downstream daily runoff of the scheduled flow and to determine the abrupt change amplitude of the scheduled flow based on the downstream daily runoff.

[0020] The flux determination module is used to determine the three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and the recovery period under the scheduled flow rate based on the sharp turn amplitude, the sharp turn duration, the end date of the sharp turn period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river. The module then processes the three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and the recovery period based on the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the sharp turn and the net carbon loss during the recovery period.

[0021] The function determination module is used to determine the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for each stage period based on the net carbon loss of the stage period, the downstream river business target daily runoff of the stage period, and the downstream river daily runoff of the stage period; the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term;

[0022] The solution module is used to determine at least one constraint condition based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, and under the constraints of each constraint condition, to solve the scheduling flow with the objective of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function of the stage period, so as to obtain the Pareto front solution set of the scheduling flow of the stage period.

[0023] The selection module is used to select the solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduling flow for the stage period.

[0024] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, comprising:

[0025] At least one processor; and

[0026] A memory that is communicatively connected to at least one processor; wherein

[0027] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor, which enables the at least one processor to execute the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid drought and flood shift provided in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which are used to cause a processor to execute the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid drought and flood in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid drought and flood transition in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] This invention identifies the warning period, rapid transition period, and recovery period of sudden drought-flood events. Using reservoir discharge and ecological water replenishment as controllable flow parameters, it calculates greenhouse gas fluxes and then net carbon loss, thereby constructing a three-pronged optimization system of water quantity, ecology, and carbon sink. Through Pareto optimization under multiple constraints, it selects the scheduling scheme with the lowest carbon sink loss rate. Thus, while ensuring the basic water supply and ecological needs of downstream areas, it minimizes the increased greenhouse gas emissions caused by sudden drought-flood events, achieving synergy between river and lake hydrological regulation and carbon sink protection.

[0031] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a river and lake flow scheduling method based on carbon sink orientation under a sudden shift from drought to flood provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a river and lake flow scheduling method based on carbon sink orientation under a sudden shift from drought to flood provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a river and lake ecological scheduling device based on carbon sink orientation under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under a sudden shift from drought to flood scenarios, as described in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention involve the acquisition, storage and application of hydrological and meteorological forecasts and downstream river operational target daily runoff, which comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to situations where measures to address climate risks are determined. The method can be executed by a carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario. This carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario can be implemented in hardware and / or software and specifically configured in an electronic device.

[0042] See Figure 1 The carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method shown in the scenario of rapid drought-flood transition includes:

[0043] S101. Obtain hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraints data, and ecological status data.

[0044] S102. Identify potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period based on the hydrological and meteorological forecast, and determine the phases and duration of the drought-flood transition events; the phases include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period.

[0045] S103. Using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow as parameters, construct the scheduling flow during the scheduling period.

[0046] S104. Determine the downstream daily runoff corresponding to the scheduled flow rate, and determine the sharp turn amplitude corresponding to the scheduled flow rate based on the downstream daily runoff rate.

[0047] S105. Based on the magnitude of the abrupt change, the duration of the abrupt change, the end date of the abrupt change period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, determine the three gas fluxes during the abrupt change period and the recovery period under the dispatched flow rate, respectively. Then, process the three gas fluxes during the abrupt change period and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period according to the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the abrupt change period and the net carbon loss during the recovery period.

[0048] S106. For each stage period, based on the net carbon loss of the stage period, the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage period, and the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage period, determine the corresponding water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the stage period; the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term.

[0049] S107. Determine at least one constraint condition based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, and under the constraints of each constraint condition, solve for the scheduling flow with the objective of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function of the stage period, to obtain the Pareto front solution set of the scheduling flow of the stage period.

[0050] S108. Select the solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduling flow for the stage period.

[0051] In this embodiment, the target water body can be a river or lake, etc., for which flow regulation is to be carried out. The hydrological and meteorological forecast information can be meteorological forecast information for the watershed of the target water body, including but not limited to short-term daily forecasts, medium-term 10 to 15-day forecasts, and long-term monthly / seasonal forecasts; the forecast includes but is not limited to at least one of the following: forecast inflow time series, forecast interval inflow time series, forecast evapotranspiration time series, Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) time series, and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) time series. The reservoir operation constraint data may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the reservoir's dispatchable capacity and maximum discharge capacity; the downstream river channel's target daily runoff may be the target daily runoff that the downstream water body's channel needs to achieve; the downstream river channel's target daily runoff may be determined by factors such as the water supply guarantee requirement daily runoff, the minimum power generation demand daily runoff, and the navigation basis daily runoff, for example, selecting the maximum value among the water supply guarantee requirement runoff, the minimum power generation demand runoff, and the navigation basis runoff for each day as the downstream river channel's target daily runoff for that day; the ecological status data may include at least one of the minimum ecological maintenance flow and the minimum demand flow corresponding to the sensitive periods of each species in the target water body's ecological environment; the sensitive periods of each species may be, for example, the fish spawning season and the migratory bird overwintering season. The reservoir operation constraint data, water supply guarantee requirement daily runoff, minimum power generation demand daily runoff, and navigation basis daily runoff data may be obtained by technical personnel from the reservoir operation data, the power and navigation data of the target water body's basin, and the ecological exploration data of the target water body.

[0052] In one alternative embodiment, the data sources for hydro-meteorological forecasting include, but are not limited to, at least one of numerical weather prediction models, watershed hydrological forecasting models, and machine learning climate prediction models.

[0053] The scheduling period can be future, referring to the time period during which flow in the target water body basin is scheduled; potential drought-flood transition events can be identified, referring to drought-flood transition events that will occur in the future; the phases of a drought-flood transition event can include an early warning period, a transition period, and a recovery period; where the early warning period can be the period before a drought-flood transition is about to occur; the transition period can be the period during which a drought-flood transition occurs; the recovery period can be the period between the occurrence of a drought-flood transition and the return of the target water body to a steady state; the duration of the transition can be the length of the transition period.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, potential drought-flood transition events can be identified based on hydrological and meteorological forecasts and any mature drought-flood transition identification method. The identified drought-flood transition events are divided into three stages: a warning period, a transition period, and a recovery period, according to [t_0, t_s), [t_s, t_e], and (t_e, t_r]. Here, t_0 is the start date of the scheduling period, t_s is the start date of the transition period, t_e is the end date of the transition period, and t_r is the expected recovery date of the ecosystem. The mature drought-flood transition identification method may include, but is not limited to, the Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) threshold discrimination method, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) threshold discrimination method, paired-year analysis, and expert system discrimination method. The expected recovery date of the ecosystem is obtained by retrieving the predicted severity of the identified drought-flood transition event from a historical similar event database, or determined by the following formula:

[0055] ;

[0056] in, Indicates the expected date of ecosystem recovery; This represents the average recovery time of abrupt shifts between drought and flood events of similar intensity in similar regions; This is for the safety factor.

[0057] The daily outflow from the reservoir can be the daily water flow released downstream from the upstream reservoir of the target water body; the daily ecological replenishment flow can be the daily water flow replenishing the target water body through water sources such as canals, pumping stations, and ecological ponds connected to the target water body. The scheduled flow includes the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological replenishment flow for each day within the scheduled period; the daily runoff of the downstream river can be the daily runoff in the downstream river channel of the upstream reservoir of the target water body. The abrupt change amplitude can be used to characterize the change amplitude of the downstream river runoff before and after a sudden shift from drought to flood.

[0058] Specifically, for each time point in the scheduling period, the daily outflow from the reservoir at that time point, the daily ecological water replenishment flow at that time point, and the inflow within the forecast interval of the hydrological and meteorological forecast at that time point are added together to obtain the daily runoff of the downstream river channel at that time point.

[0059] Optionally, determining the abrupt change magnitude corresponding to the dispatched flow rate based on the downstream river daily runoff includes: determining a first average daily runoff for a set time period before the start date of the abrupt change period and a second average daily runoff for a set time period after the end date of the abrupt change period based on the downstream river daily runoff; and determining the abrupt change magnitude corresponding to the flow rate based on the first average daily runoff and the second average daily runoff.

[0060] It should be noted that the set time length can be set independently by technical personnel based on actual needs or practical experience. This invention does not limit this; for example, the set time length can be one month, two months, or three months, etc. Taking a set time length of one month as an example, the downstream daily runoff is selected from the downstream daily runoff of the month preceding the start date of the rapid change period, and the average of the downstream daily runoffs in the month preceding the start date of the rapid change period is calculated as the first average daily runoff; and the downstream daily runoff of the month following the end date of the rapid change period is selected from the downstream daily runoff, and the average of the downstream daily runoffs in the month following the end date of the rapid change period is calculated as the second average daily runoff; the difference between the second average daily runoff and the first average daily runoff is determined as the rapid change amplitude; wherein, if there is no complete downstream daily runoff in the month preceding the start date of the rapid change period, the missing downstream daily runoff can be extracted from historical downstream daily runoff data.

[0061] Understandably, by adopting the above technical solution, the average daily runoff for a fixed period before and after the rapid transition can be calculated, and the magnitude of the rapid transition can be determined by the difference between the average daily runoff for the period before and after the rapid transition. This can stably and accurately quantify the intensity of flow change during the drought-flood transition process, eliminate the calculation error caused by single-day runoff fluctuations, and improve the calculation accuracy of subsequent carbon response coefficients and net carbon loss by accurately determining the magnitude of the rapid transition, thus ensuring that the scheduling scheme can achieve precise carbon control.

[0062] In this embodiment, the three gas fluxes can be carbon dioxide flux, methane flux, and nitrous oxide flux; the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term, that is, the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function is an objective function composed of the water supply and demand deviation term, the ecological state deviation term, and the carbon sink loss rate term; the water supply and demand deviation term can be used to characterize the deviation between the daily runoff of the downstream river and the daily runoff of the downstream river's operational target during the period of a sudden drought-flood transition event; the ecological state deviation term can be the degree to which the ecological state of the water body deviates from the steady-state state during the period of a sudden drought-flood transition event; the carbon sink loss rate term can be the ratio between the net carbon loss during the period of a sudden drought-flood transition event and the carbon sink baseline. The global warming potential coefficient can adopt the 100-year timescale recommended value from the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report or select a higher value on the 20-year timescale according to the assessment target. The net carbon loss can be the amount of carbon lost by the target water body.

[0063] Optionally, determining the fluxes of the three gases during the abrupt change and recovery periods under the scheduled flow rate based on the abrupt change amplitude, the abrupt change duration, the end date of the abrupt change period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel includes: obtaining the steady-state fluxes of the three gases in the target water body; mapping the daily runoff of the downstream river channel at the start date of the warning period to the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period; calculating the carbon response coefficients corresponding to the three gases based on the abrupt change amplitude, the abrupt change duration, and the regression coefficients of the three gases; determining the recovery factor based on the end date of the abrupt change period; determining the state correction factor based on the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period; for each gas, determining the gas flux of the gas during the abrupt change period based on the carbon response coefficient of the gas, the state correction factor, and the steady-state flux of the gas; and for each gas, determining the gas flux of the gas during the recovery period based on the carbon response coefficient of the gas, the recovery factor, the state correction factor, and the steady-state flux of the gas.

[0064] The three gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The steady-state flux can be the baseline flux of the corresponding gases in the target water body under stable conditions without a sudden shift from drought to flood. The ecological health status is used to characterize the degree of damage to the overall health of the target water body's ecosystem. The higher the ecological health status, the more suitable the ecosystem of the target water body is for biological survival and the stronger its carbon sequestration capacity. The lower the value, the less suitable the ecosystem of the target water body is for biological survival and the weaker its carbon sequestration capacity.

[0065] The carbon response coefficient characterizes the degree of nonlinear amplification or attenuation of gas flux under a sudden drought-flood transition event relative to the gas flux under steady-state conditions; the recovery factor is used to characterize the variation law of the three gas fluxes returning from the peak of the sudden transition period to the baseline of the steady-state period during the recovery period; the state correction factor is used to characterize the degree of correction of the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period to the carbon release during the sudden transition period.

[0066] Specifically, the steady-state fluxes of the three gases in the target water body are obtained; the steady-state flux of each gas can be determined by averaging the gas flux of the corresponding gas in years without abrupt shifts between drought and flood; based on the mapping relationship between runoff and ecological health determined in advance through linear regression analysis, the daily runoff of the downstream river channel on the start date of the warning period is mapped to the ecological health on the start date of the warning period; based on the magnitude and duration of the abrupt shift, and the regression coefficients of the three gases, the carbon response coefficients corresponding to the three gases are calculated respectively; for example, the carbon response coefficient can be determined by the following formula:

[0067] ;

[0068] in, Indicates gas; This represents the scheduling flow to be solved; This indicates that, given a flow rate of X, the gas... The carbon response coefficient; , and Represents gas The regression coefficients; This indicates the magnitude of the abrupt change when the scheduled flow is X. Indicates the duration of a sudden change.

[0069] The recovery factor is determined based on the end date of the acute phase; for example, the recovery factor can be determined by the following formula:

[0070] ;

[0071] in, Indicates the date; Gas at date t The recovery factor; Indicates the end date of the emergency transition period; Represents gas The recovery time constant;

[0072] Based on the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period, a state correction factor is determined; for example, the state correction factor can be determined by the following formula:

[0073] ;

[0074] in, Indicates the state correction factor; The ecological health status indicates the start date of the warning period; Indicates the value of the ecological health status parameter; State correction intensity coefficient;

[0075] For each gas, the gas flux during the abrupt changeover period is determined based on the gas's carbon response coefficient, the state correction factor, and the gas's steady-state flux. For example, the gas flux during the abrupt changeover period can be determined using the following formula:

[0076] ;

[0077] in, This indicates that during the rapid turnaround period, when the scheduled traffic is X... Date and time gas gas flux; Represents gas steady-state flux;

[0078] For each gas, the gas flux during the recovery period is determined based on the gas's carbon response coefficient, the recovery factor, the state correction factor, and the gas's steady-state flux. For example, the gas flux during the recovery period can be determined using the following formula:

[0079] ;

[0080] in, This indicates that during the recovery period, when the scheduled traffic is X... Date and time gas The gas flux.

[0081] Understandably, by adopting the above technical solution, the carbon response coefficient, recovery factor, and state correction factor can be determined, and then the flux of each gas during the abrupt transition and recovery periods can be calculated separately by combining the steady-state flux of each gas. By comprehensively considering the impact of the abrupt transition amplitude and duration on the gas release intensity, the correction effect of ecological health, and the law of the gradual return of the flux to steady state during the recovery period, the gas flux of different greenhouse gases can be accurately determined.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, historical downstream daily runoff data and historical three-gas flux observation data of the target water body can be acquired; based on the historical downstream daily runoff data, historical drought-flood transition events, as well as the magnitude and duration of these transitions, can be identified; based on the magnitude, duration, start and end dates of each phase of the historical drought-flood transition events, and the three-gas flux data from the historical three-gas flux observation data contemporaneous with the historical drought-flood transition events, least squares fitting is performed to obtain the regression coefficients of each gas. , and Recovery time constants of each gas Ecological health status parameter values and state correction intensity coefficient The historical three-gas flux observation data can be determined by at least one of the following methods: eddy covariance method, static box method, or satellite inversion method; when the historical samples of the target water body are insufficient, historical data of similar rivers and lakes in the same climate zone can be used for transfer learning.

[0083] Using a specific algorithm, the three gas fluxes during the abrupt transition period and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period are processed according to the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the abrupt transition period and the net carbon loss during the recovery period. For each stage, using a specific algorithm, the corresponding water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function is determined based on the net carbon loss of the stage, the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage, and the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage. The water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term.

[0084] In this embodiment, the constraints include physical constraints and ecological constraints; wherein, physical constraints may include reservoir water balance conditions, reservoir capacity constraints, and discharge capacity constraints; for example, the reservoir water balance condition can be expressed by the following formula:

[0085] ;

[0086] in, Indicates the first The reservoir's water volume in a given day; Indicates the first The reservoir flow rate of the day; Indicates the first Daily inbound volume; Indicates the first The reservoir discharge flow rate of the day; Indicates the first Water evaporation loss from the reservoir.

[0087] For example, the reservoir capacity constraint can be expressed by the following formula:

[0088] ;

[0089] Among them, among them, This indicates the minimum water volume of the reservoir; This indicates the maximum water capacity of the reservoir.

[0090] For example, the discharge capacity constraint can be expressed by the following formula:

[0091] ;

[0092] in, This indicates the maximum discharge flow that the reservoir can achieve.

[0093] The ecological constraints include ecological maintenance constraints and species water requirement constraints; for example, ecological maintenance constraints can be expressed by the following formula:

[0094] ;

[0095] in, This indicates the minimum flow required to maintain the ecosystem.

[0096] For example, the water requirement constraint for a species can be expressed by the following formula:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, This represents the minimum demand flow corresponding to the species' sensitive period on date t.

[0099] Under the constraints described above, the scheduling flow is optimized with the goal of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the specified period, resulting in the Pareto front solution set for the scheduling flow of the specified period. For example, any one of the following algorithms can be used for multi-objective optimization: NSGA-II (Fast Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm), MOEA / D (Decomposition Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm), SPEA2 (Intensity Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm), simulated annealing, particle swarm optimization, and rolling period dynamic programming. The solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate is selected from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduling flow for the specified period.

[0100] This invention identifies the warning period, rapid transition period, and recovery period of sudden drought-flood events. Using reservoir discharge and ecological water replenishment as controllable flow parameters, it calculates greenhouse gas fluxes and then net carbon loss, thereby constructing a three-pronged optimization system of water quantity, ecology, and carbon sink. Through Pareto optimization under multiple constraints, it selects the scheduling scheme with the lowest carbon sink loss rate. Thus, while ensuring the basic water supply and ecological needs of downstream areas, it minimizes the increased greenhouse gas emissions caused by sudden drought-flood events, achieving synergy between river and lake hydrological regulation and carbon sink protection.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under a sudden shift from drought to flood provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The present invention has been optimized and improved based on the technical solutions of the above embodiments.

[0103] Furthermore, the step of "processing the three gas fluxes during the abrupt transition period and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period according to the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss" is refined to "obtaining the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide in the target water body; determining the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide during the abrupt transition period according to the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the abrupt transition period; determining the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide during the recovery period according to the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period; determining the excess carbon loss during the abrupt transition period according to the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide during the abrupt transition period and the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide; determining the excess carbon loss during the recovery period according to the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide during the recovery period and the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide; and adding the excess carbon loss during the abrupt transition period and the excess carbon loss during the recovery period to obtain the net carbon loss."

[0104] It should be noted that for any parts not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to the description in the foregoing embodiments.

[0105] See Figure 2 The carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method shown in the scenario of rapid drought-flood transition includes:

[0106] S201. Obtain hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraints data, and ecological status data.

[0107] S202. Identify potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period based on the hydrological and meteorological forecast, and determine the phases and duration of the drought-flood transition events; the phases include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period.

[0108] S203. Using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow as parameters, construct the scheduling flow during the scheduling period.

[0109] S204. Determine the downstream daily runoff corresponding to the scheduled flow rate, and determine the sharp turn amplitude corresponding to the scheduled flow rate based on the downstream daily runoff rate.

[0110] S205. Based on the abrupt change magnitude, the duration of the abrupt change, the end date of the abrupt change period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, determine the three gas fluxes during the abrupt change period and the recovery period under the scheduled flow rate.

[0111] S206. Obtain the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide in the target water body.

[0112] S207. Determine the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the abrupt transition period based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the abrupt transition period.

[0113] S208. Determine the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period.

[0114] S209. Determine the excess carbon emission loss during the rapid transition period based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the rapid transition period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux.

[0115] S210. Determine the excess carbon emission loss during the recovery period based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux.

[0116] S211. Add the carbon loss due to excessive emissions during the rapid transition period to the carbon loss due to excessive emissions during the recovery period to obtain the net carbon loss.

[0117] S212. For each stage period, based on the net carbon loss of the stage period, the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage period, and the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage period, determine the corresponding water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the stage period; the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term.

[0118] S213. Determine at least one constraint condition based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, and under the constraints of each constraint condition, solve for the dispatch flow with the objective of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function of the stage period, to obtain the Pareto front solution set of the dispatch flow of the stage period.

[0119] S214. Select the solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduling flow for the stage period.

[0120] In this embodiment, the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide can be the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide in the target water body under steady-state conditions without sudden drought-flood events; the carbon loss due to excess emissions can be the amount of carbon dioxide exceeding the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide.

[0121] Specifically, the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide in the target water body under steady-state conditions without abrupt shifts between drought and flood is obtained; the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide during the abrupt shift is determined based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the abrupt shift; for example, the equivalent flux of carbon dioxide during the abrupt shift can be determined by the following formula:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, This indicates that during the rapid turnaround period, when the scheduled traffic is X... Carbon dioxide equivalent flux in the date; This indicates that during the rapid turnaround period, when the scheduled traffic is X... The gas flux of carbon dioxide at that date; The global warming potential coefficient of methane gas; This indicates that during the rapid turnaround period, when the scheduled traffic is X... The gas flux of methane gas at that date; The coefficient representing the global warming potential of nitrous oxide; This indicates that during the rapid turnaround period, when the scheduled traffic is X... The gas flux of nitrous oxide at the date.

[0124] It should be noted that the process for determining the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period is similar to that during the rapid turnaround period, and will not be repeated here.

[0125] The excess carbon emission loss during the rapid transition period is determined based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the rapid transition period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux; for example, the excess carbon emission loss during the rapid transition period can be determined by the following formula:

[0126] ;

[0127] in, This represents the carbon emission loss during the rapid transition period when the scheduled flow rate is X. Indicates the start date of the rapid transition period; This represents the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide.

[0128] The excess carbon emission loss during the recovery period is determined based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux; for example, the excess carbon emission loss during the recovery period can be determined by the following formula:

[0129] ;

[0130] in, The excess carbon emission loss during the recovery period when the scheduled flow rate is X.

[0131] The net carbon loss is obtained by adding the carbon loss during the rapid transition period to the carbon loss during the recovery period.

[0132] Optionally, determining the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function corresponding to the stage based on the net carbon loss of the stage, the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage, and the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage includes: determining the water supply and demand deviation term of the stage based on the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage and the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage; mapping the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage to the ecological health of the stage, and determining the ecological health deviation term of the stage based on the ecological health of the stage; determining the carbon sink loss rate term of the stage based on the net carbon loss of the stage and the expected carbon sink of the target water body under conditions of no sudden shift from drought to flood; and weighting and fusing the water supply and demand deviation term, the ecological health deviation term, and the carbon sink loss rate term to obtain the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function of the stage.

[0133] For example, the water supply and demand deviation term can be determined by the following formula:

[0134] ;

[0135] in, This indicates the phase when the scheduled traffic is X. Water supply and demand deviation item; Indicates the stage period The length of time; Indicates the stage period The Middle The target daily runoff for downstream river channels; This indicates that when the scheduled traffic is X, the phase period The Middle Daily runoff of the downstream river channel.

[0136] For example, the ecological state deviation term can be determined by the following formula:

[0137] ;

[0138] in, This represents the phase when the scheduled traffic is X. Ecological state deviation; This indicates that when the scheduled traffic is X, the phase period The Middle Deviation of the ecological state of the day;

[0139] For example, the carbon sink loss rate can be determined by the following formula:

[0140] ;

[0141] in, This represents the phase when the scheduled traffic is X. The carbon sequestration loss rate item; This represents the phase when the scheduled traffic is X. Net carbon loss; This represents the amount of carbon sink that the target water body should have received under conditions of no sudden shift from drought to flood.

[0142] For example, the triple objective function of water quantity, ecology, and carbon sequestration can be determined by the following formula:

[0143] ;

[0144] in, This represents the phase when the scheduled traffic is X. The objective function; Indicates the stage period The corresponding weight of the water supply and demand deviation item; Indicates the stage period The weights of the corresponding ecological state deviations; Indicates the stage period The weight of the corresponding carbon sink loss rate item.

[0145] It is understandable that by adopting the above technical solution, the water supply and demand deviation, ecological state deviation, and carbon sink loss rate are calculated and weighted to form a unified objective function. This can take into account the constraints of the water supply and demand deviation and ecological state deviation on the dispatch flow, and also constrain the carbon sink in the solution process through the carbon sink loss rate, thereby facilitating the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and avoiding excessive carbon emissions.

[0146] Optionally, the weights of the water supply and demand deviation term, the ecological status deviation term, and the carbon sink loss rate term may differ between different stages. For example, the weights for each stage could be: [The text abruptly ends here, so the translation stops as well.] It is 0.62. The value is 0.38, reflecting that pre-treatment water replenishment enhances ecological health, thereby reducing the ecological vulnerability risk of the target water body; during the rapid transition period... 0.25, It is 0.20. The value is 0.55, thus favoring the reduction of carbon loss peaks during the rapid turnaround period; during the recovery period... 0.30, It is 0.45. The weight is set at 0.25, thus prioritizing the restoration of the target water body's ecological environment. The specific values ​​of the weights for each stage can be calibrated using historical scheduling and carbon flux data of the target water body, or they can be freely adjusted by decision-makers based on the priorities of watershed management. For example, if the priority is to ensure water supply, the weights can be increased. With a focus on ecological protection, the goal is to improve With a focus on protecting carbon sequestration, the goal is to increase... .

[0147] Understandably, by adopting the above technical solutions, different weights can be flexibly set for the warning period, the rapid transition period, and the recovery period. This can match the hydrological characteristics and ecological carbon sink evolution patterns of each stage, adapt to the control priorities of different stages of drought-flood transition, achieve precise flow control throughout the entire cycle of drought-flood transition events, and realize carbon sink protection throughout the entire process of drought-flood transition.

[0148] In an optional embodiment, the final results of the dispatched flow for each stage can be integrated and the dispatch scheme results can be output, including the dispatched flow for the dispatch period, as well as the function value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function and the expected carbon sink gain for each stage; wherein, the expected carbon sink gain can be the difference between the net carbon loss under the dispatch scheme and the net carbon loss under the basic scheme; the basic scheme can be a scheme that does not implement carbon sink-oriented dispatch, that is, a scheme optimized only by the water-ecology dual objective; the dispatch scheme results are connected to systems such as the basin reservoir joint dispatch system, the ecological water replenishment dynamic allocation system, the emergency ecological interception system, the river and lake chief system carbon sink assessment system, and the basin carbon market reporting system for execution of dispatch.

[0149] In one optional embodiment, after the identified drought-flood transition event ends, measured data of the drought-flood transition event are collected, and the relevant regression parameters such as the carbon response coefficient, recovery factor, and state correction factor are updated using the least squares method or Bayesian parameter update algorithm, thereby achieving continuous optimization.

[0150] This invention employs the global warming potential coefficient to uniformly convert carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide into carbon dioxide equivalent fluxes. It then determines the excess carbon emissions exceeding the steady-state baseline during the abrupt transition and recovery periods, and summarizes the excess carbon emissions during the abrupt transition and recovery periods to obtain the net carbon loss. This approach scientifically quantifies the comprehensive greenhouse effect loss caused by abrupt shifts between drought and flood, facilitating the subsequent construction of objective functions and optimization of accurate scheduling flow.

[0151] Example 3

[0152] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario, as provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. This embodiment of the invention is applicable to river and lake flow scheduling based on carbon sink orientation under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario. The device can execute a carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under such a scenario. This carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device under a rapid drought-flood transition scenario can be implemented in hardware and / or software, and can be configured in an electronic device.

[0153] See Figure 3 The carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device shown in the scenario of rapid drought and flood transition includes an acquisition module 301, an identification module 302, a construction module 303, an amplitude determination module 304, a flux determination module 305, a function determination module 306, a solution module 307, and a selection module 308.

[0154] The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraint data, and ecological status data.

[0155] The identification module 302 is used to identify potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period based on the hydrological and meteorological forecast, and to determine the phases and duration of the drought-flood transition events; the phases include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period;

[0156] The construction module 303 is used to construct the scheduling flow during the scheduling period using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow as parameters.

[0157] The amplitude determination module 304 is used to determine the downstream daily runoff of the scheduled flow and determine the abrupt change amplitude of the scheduled flow based on the downstream daily runoff.

[0158] The flux determination module 305 is used to determine the three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and the recovery period under the dispatched flow rate based on the sharp turn amplitude, the sharp turn duration, the end date of the sharp turn period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel. The three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period are processed according to the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the sharp turn and the net carbon loss during the recovery period.

[0159] The function determination module 306 is used to determine the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for each stage period based on the net carbon loss of the stage period, the downstream river business target daily runoff of the stage period, and the downstream river daily runoff of the stage period; the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term;

[0160] The solution module 307 is used to determine at least one constraint condition based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, and under the constraints of each constraint condition, to solve the scheduling flow with the objective of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function of the stage period, so as to obtain the Pareto front solution set of the scheduling flow of the stage period.

[0161] The selection module 308 is used to select the solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduling flow for the stage period.

[0162] This invention identifies the warning period, rapid transition period, and recovery period of sudden drought-flood events. Using reservoir discharge and ecological water replenishment as controllable flow parameters, it calculates greenhouse gas fluxes and then net carbon loss, thereby constructing a three-pronged optimization system of water quantity, ecology, and carbon sink. Through Pareto optimization under multiple constraints, it selects the scheduling scheme with the lowest carbon sink loss rate. Thus, while ensuring the basic water supply and ecological needs of downstream areas, it minimizes the increased greenhouse gas emissions caused by sudden drought-flood events, achieving synergy between river and lake hydrological regulation and carbon sink protection.

[0163] Optional, the amplitude determination module 304 is specifically used for:

[0164] Based on the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, determine the first average daily runoff for a set time period before the start date of the rapid change period, and determine the second average daily runoff for a set time period after the end date of the rapid change period.

[0165] The abrupt change magnitude corresponding to the flow rate is determined based on the first average daily runoff and the second average daily runoff.

[0166] Optionally, the flux determination module 305 is specifically used for:

[0167] Obtain the steady-state fluxes of the three gases in the target water body;

[0168] The daily runoff of the downstream river channel at the start date of the warning period is mapped to the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period.

[0169] Based on the magnitude and duration of the sudden change, as well as the regression coefficients of the three gases, the carbon response coefficients corresponding to the three gases are calculated respectively; the three gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide; the carbon response coefficients characterize the degree of influence of the sudden change from drought to flood on the gas flux under steady-state conditions.

[0170] The recovery factor is determined based on the end date of the rapid transition period; the recovery factor is used to characterize the change pattern of the three gas fluxes from the peak of the rapid transition period back to the baseline of the steady state period during the recovery period.

[0171] Based on the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period, a state correction factor is determined; the state correction factor is used to characterize the degree to which the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period corrects carbon release during the rapid transition period.

[0172] For each gas, the gas flux during the rapid turn period is determined based on the carbon response coefficient of the gas, the state correction factor, and the steady-state flux of the gas.

[0173] For each gas, the gas flux during the recovery period is determined based on the gas's carbon response coefficient, the recovery factor, the state correction factor, and the gas's steady-state flux.

[0174] Optionally, the flux determination module 305 is also specifically used for:

[0175] Obtain the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide in the target water body;

[0176] The carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the abrupt transition is determined based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three-gas fluxes during the abrupt transition.

[0177] The carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period is determined based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period.

[0178] The carbon dioxide excess loss during the rapid transition period is determined based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the rapid transition period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux.

[0179] The excess carbon emission loss during the recovery period is determined based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux.

[0180] The net carbon loss is obtained by adding the carbon loss during the rapid transition period to the carbon loss during the recovery period.

[0181] Optionally, the function determination module 306 is specifically used for:

[0182] Based on the downstream daily runoff and the downstream operational target daily runoff for the specified period, determine the water supply and demand deviation item for the specified period.

[0183] The downstream daily runoff of the aforementioned stage is mapped to the ecological health status of the aforementioned stage, and the ecological state deviation of the aforementioned stage is determined based on the ecological health status of the aforementioned stage.

[0184] The carbon sink loss rate for the specified period is determined based on the net carbon loss during the specified period and the carbon sink amount that the target water body should have received under conditions of no sudden shift from drought to flood.

[0185] The water supply and demand deviation term, the ecological state deviation term, and the carbon sink loss rate term are weighted and fused to obtain the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the stage period.

[0186] Optionally, the weights of the water supply and demand deviation term, the ecological status deviation term, and the carbon sink loss rate term may differ between different stages.

[0187] The river and lake ecological scheduling device based on carbon sink orientation under the rapid drought-flood transition scenario provided in the embodiments of the present invention can execute the river and lake flow scheduling method based on carbon sink orientation under the rapid drought-flood transition scenario provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of executing the river and lake flow scheduling method based on carbon sink orientation under the rapid drought-flood transition scenario.

[0188] Example 4

[0189] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological management device 410 for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios is shown. The carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological management device for rapid drought-flood transition scenarios is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktop computers, workbenches, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other suitable computers. The carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological management device for rapid drought-flood transition scenarios can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0190] like Figure 4 As shown, the carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device 410 under the scenario of rapid drought and flood transition includes at least one processor 411 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 412 and a random access memory (RAM) 413, which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 411. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 411 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the ROM 412 or loaded from the storage unit 418 into the RAM 413. The RAM 413 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device 410 under the scenario of rapid drought and flood transition. The processor 411, ROM 412, and RAM 413 are interconnected via a bus 414. An input / output (I / O) interface 415 is also connected to the bus 414.

[0191] In a rapid drought-flood transition scenario, multiple components of the carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological management device 410 are connected to an I / O interface 415, including: an input unit 416, such as a keyboard or mouse; an output unit 417, such as various types of displays or speakers; a storage unit 418, such as a hard disk or optical disk; and a communication unit 419, such as a network card, modem, or wireless transceiver. The communication unit 419 allows the carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological management device 410 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0192] Processor 411 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 411 include, but are not limited to, central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 411 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling methods under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios.

[0193] In some embodiments, the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 418. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological scheduling device 410 under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios via ROM 412 and / or communication unit 419. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 413 and executed by processor 411, one or more steps of the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 411 can be configured to execute the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0194] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations may include: implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0195] Computer programs used to implement the methods of this invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable river and lake ecological scheduling device based on carbon sink guidance under rapid drought and flood scenarios, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs enable the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The computer programs can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0196] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0197] To provide user interaction, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on carbon sink-oriented river and lake ecological management equipment under rapid drought-flood transition scenarios. This equipment includes: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input. Other types of devices can also be used to provide user interaction; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0198] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0199] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally geographically separated and typically interact via communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system. It addresses the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS (Virtual Private Server) services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0200] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0201] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A river and lake flow scheduling method based on carbon sink orientation under the scenario of rapid drought-flood transition, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraints data, and ecological status data; Based on the hydrological and meteorological forecasts, potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period are identified, and the stages and duration of these events are determined; the stages include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period. The scheduling flow rate during the specified scheduling period is constructed using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow rate as parameters. Determine the downstream daily runoff corresponding to the scheduled flow rate, and determine the abrupt change magnitude corresponding to the scheduled flow rate based on the downstream daily runoff rate; Based on the magnitude of the abrupt change, the duration of the abrupt change, the end date of the abrupt change period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, the three gas fluxes during the abrupt change and the recovery period under the dispatched flow rate are determined respectively. The three gas fluxes during the abrupt change and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period are then processed according to the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the abrupt change and the net carbon loss during the recovery period. For each stage, a water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function is determined based on the net carbon loss of the stage, the downstream river's operational target daily runoff of the stage, and the downstream river's daily runoff of the stage. The water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term. Based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, at least one constraint condition is determined. Under the constraints of each constraint condition, the scheduling flow is solved with the goal of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the stage period, and the Pareto front solution set of the scheduling flow for the stage period is obtained. The solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate is selected from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduled flow for the stage.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the sharp change magnitude corresponding to the dispatched flow rate based on the daily runoff of the downstream river channel includes: Based on the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, extract the daily runoff for each day within a set time period prior to the start date of the rapid change period; Calculate the average daily runoff over a period of time prior to the start date of the abrupt change, and use it as the first average daily runoff. Based on the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, extract the daily runoff for each day within a set time period after the end of the rapid change period; Calculate the average daily runoff over a set period of time following the start date of the abrupt change, and use this average as the second average daily runoff. The difference between the second average daily runoff and the first average daily runoff is determined as the abrupt change magnitude corresponding to the scheduled flow.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and recovery periods under the scheduled flow rate, based on the sharp turn amplitude, the sharp turn duration, the end date of the sharp turn period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river channel, includes: Obtain the steady-state fluxes of the three gases in the target water body; The daily runoff of the downstream river channel at the start date of the warning period is mapped to the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period. Based on the magnitude and duration of the sudden change, as well as the regression coefficients of the three gases, the carbon response coefficients corresponding to the three gases are calculated respectively; the three gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide; the carbon response coefficients characterize the degree of influence of the sudden change from drought to flood on the gas flux under steady-state conditions. The recovery factor is determined based on the end date of the rapid transition period; the recovery factor is used to characterize the change pattern of the three gas fluxes from the peak of the rapid transition period back to the baseline of the steady state period during the recovery period. Based on the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period, a state correction factor is determined; the state correction factor is used to characterize the degree to which the ecological health status at the start date of the warning period corrects carbon release during the rapid transition period. For each gas, the gas flux during the rapid turn period is determined based on the carbon response coefficient of the gas, the state correction factor, and the steady-state flux of the gas. For each gas, the gas flux during the recovery period is determined based on the gas's carbon response coefficient, the recovery factor, the state correction factor, and the gas's steady-state flux.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of processing the three gas fluxes during the abrupt transition period and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period based on the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss includes: Obtain the steady-state equivalent flux of carbon dioxide in the target water body; The carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the abrupt transition is determined based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three-gas fluxes during the abrupt transition. The carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period is determined based on the global warming potential coefficient and the three gas fluxes during the recovery period. The carbon dioxide excess loss during the rapid transition period is determined based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the rapid transition period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux. The excess carbon emission loss during the recovery period is determined based on the carbon dioxide equivalent flux during the recovery period and the carbon dioxide steady-state equivalent flux. The net carbon loss is obtained by adding the carbon loss during the rapid transition period to the carbon loss during the recovery period.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the water-ecological-carbon sink triple objective function corresponding to the stage based on the net carbon loss of the stage, the downstream river operational target daily runoff of the stage, and the downstream river daily runoff of the stage includes: Based on the downstream daily runoff and the downstream operational target daily runoff for the specified period, determine the water supply and demand deviation item for the specified period. The downstream daily runoff of the aforementioned stage is mapped to the ecological health status of the aforementioned stage, and the ecological state deviation of the aforementioned stage is determined based on the ecological health status of the aforementioned stage. The carbon sink loss rate for the specified period is determined based on the net carbon loss during the specified period and the carbon sink amount that the target water body should have received under conditions of no sudden shift from drought to flood. The water supply and demand deviation term, the ecological state deviation term, and the carbon sink loss rate term are weighted and fused to obtain the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for the stage period.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weights of the water supply and demand deviation, the ecological status deviation, and the carbon sink loss rate differ between the different stages.

7. A river and lake ecological scheduling device based on carbon sink orientation under the scenario of rapid drought and flood transition, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire hydrological and meteorological forecasts for the target water body, daily runoff of downstream river channels, reservoir operation constraints data, and ecological status data. The identification module is used to identify potential drought-flood transition events during the scheduling period based on the hydrological and meteorological forecast, and to determine the phases and duration of the drought-flood transition events; the phases include the warning period, the transition period, and the recovery period; The construction module is used to construct the scheduling flow during the scheduling period using the daily outflow from the reservoir and the daily ecological water replenishment flow as parameters; An amplitude determination module is used to determine the downstream daily runoff of the scheduled flow and to determine the abrupt change amplitude of the scheduled flow based on the downstream daily runoff. The flux determination module is used to determine the three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and the recovery period under the scheduled flow rate based on the sharp turn amplitude, the sharp turn duration, the end date of the sharp turn period, and the daily runoff of the downstream river. The module then processes the three gas fluxes during the sharp turn and the recovery period based on the global warming potential coefficient to obtain the net carbon loss during the sharp turn and the net carbon loss during the recovery period. The function determination module is used to determine the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function for each stage period based on the net carbon loss of the stage period, the downstream river business target daily runoff of the stage period, and the downstream river daily runoff of the stage period; the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function includes a water supply and demand deviation term, an ecological state deviation term, and a carbon sink loss rate term; The solution module is used to determine at least one constraint condition based on the reservoir operation constraint data and the ecological status data, and under the constraints of each constraint condition, to solve the scheduling flow with the objective of minimizing the value of the water-ecology-carbon sink triple objective function of the stage period, so as to obtain the Pareto front solution set of the scheduling flow of the stage period. The selection module is used to select the solution with the minimum carbon sink loss rate from the Pareto front solution set as the final result of the scheduling flow for the stage period.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the rapid drought-flood transition scenario as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that cause a processor to execute the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the rapid drought-flood transition scenario described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the carbon sink-oriented river and lake flow scheduling method under the scenario of rapid drought and flood transition as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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