An ecological environment protection technology in reservoir engineering

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of reservoir engineering ecological environment protection, in particular to a reservoir engineering ecological environment protection technology, which comprises the following steps: acquiring water body flow velocity, flow and water quality parameter data at multiple points in a reservoir operation period, calculating flow velocity distribution uniformity indexes and water quality adaptability indexes, generating comprehensive ecological influence factors, and determining ecological sensitivity in combination with a dynamic feedback mechanism to optimize an operation strategy. Through multi-dimensional data acquisition, comprehensive factor analysis and dynamic adjustment, the application improves complex environment adaptability, reduces operation cost, and realizes coordinated development of water resource utilization and ecological protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering and ecological environment protection technology, specifically an ecological environment protection technology in reservoir engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Reservoir projects, as crucial facilities for water resource management, play a vital role in meeting the water needs of human economic and social development and in flood control. However, with increasing awareness of ecological and environmental protection, ecological and environmental protection technologies in reservoir projects have gradually become a research hotspot. Traditional reservoir design and operation often focus more on water resource utilization efficiency and economic benefits, while paying insufficient attention to the impact on the ecological environment. Recent studies have shown that the construction and operation of reservoirs can have profound impacts on surrounding ecosystems, water quality, and biodiversity. Therefore, how to effectively integrate ecological and environmental protection technologies into reservoir projects to achieve a coordinated balance between water resource utilization and ecological protection has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] A search revealed a patent with publication number CN104047259B, published on August 19, 2015, proposing a method for determining the ecological storage capacity of a reservoir under construction for ecological environmental protection. This method, based on human economic and social water demand, ecological environmental water demand, and upstream river natural inflow, determines the ecological storage capacity that meets design guarantee rate requirements by rationally allocating insufficient water during different periods of the water supply season. It compensates for the shortcomings of traditional reservoir capacity setting, which fails to fully consider ecological water supply needs, and has strong theoretical significance and operability. However, this technical solution mainly focuses on the reservoir capacity design stage and does not address specific measures for dynamically adjusting ecological flow during reservoir operation. Furthermore, the method's estimation of ecological water demand relies on long-term hydrological data; under climate change or extreme weather conditions, the prediction accuracy may be limited, thus affecting the practical application effect.

[0004] Another patent, CN112942235B, discloses a river ecological environment protection device and its treatment method, published on June 14, 2022. This technology improves the stability of the ecological floating island in the river and enhances its water purification effect through the synergistic effect of fixed components, ecological components, and connecting components. This solution can effectively protect the river ecological environment, promote vegetation growth, and improve water quality. However, the application scenarios of this device are mainly concentrated in the field of river management, and it has certain limitations in addressing the complex ecological environment protection needs in reservoir projects. Furthermore, this solution places high demands on the arrangement and maintenance of the ecological floating island, potentially increasing the cost and complexity of reservoir operation and management, and fails to fully consider the dynamic impact of reservoir impoundment and flood discharge on the ecosystem.

[0005] The aforementioned problems indicate that existing ecological environmental protection technologies related to reservoir engineering still have room for improvement in terms of dynamic regulation capabilities, adaptability to complex environmental changes, and operational cost control. Therefore, this invention provides an ecological environmental protection technology for reservoir engineering, aiming to achieve coordinated development of water resource utilization and ecological environmental protection by optimizing the ecological flow regulation mechanism during reservoir operation, enhancing adaptability to ecological environmental changes, and reducing implementation and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an ecological environmental protection technology for reservoir engineering, which overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of dynamic regulation capabilities, adaptability to complex environments, and control of operating costs.

[0007] The solution to the technical problem of this invention is to provide an ecological environmental protection technology in reservoir engineering, comprising the following steps: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for ecological environmental protection in reservoir engineering, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain data on the flow velocity, flow rate, and water quality parameters of multiple water bodies during each cycle of reservoir operation; S2. Based on the flow velocity, flow rate and water quality parameter data, calculate the flow velocity difference coefficient between each monitoring point in each cycle, and determine the flow velocity distribution uniformity index in each cycle according to the flow velocity difference coefficient. S3. Analyze the deviation between the water quality parameters of each monitoring point and the standard ecological water quality parameters in each cycle, and determine the water quality adaptability index in each cycle in combination with the flow velocity distribution uniformity index. S4. Based on the flow velocity distribution uniformity index and the water quality adaptability index, generate a comprehensive ecological impact factor for each cycle; combine the dynamic feedback mechanism of reservoir water storage and flood discharge operations on the ecosystem to determine the ecological sensitivity for each cycle. S5. Based on the aforementioned ecological sensitivity, adjust the reservoir operation strategy to optimize the ecological environment protection effect.

[0008] Preferably, in step S1, acquiring data on the flow velocity, flow rate, and water quality parameters of multiple water bodies at each point during each cycle of reservoir operation includes: S11. Multiple monitoring points are set up in the reservoir area and downstream river channel, and each monitoring point is equipped with a flow velocity sensor, flow meter and water quality analyzer. S12. By collecting flow velocity, flow rate and water quality parameter data at each monitoring point in real time, a multidimensional dataset is formed for each cycle.

[0009] Preferably, in step S2, calculating the flow velocity difference coefficient between monitoring points within each cycle includes: S21. Normalize the flow velocity data of each monitoring point in each cycle to obtain the normalized flow velocity value. S22. Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the normalized flow velocity values ​​between any two monitoring points in each cycle, and record it as the flow velocity difference value. S23. The average value of the velocity difference between all monitoring points in each cycle is taken as the velocity difference coefficient in each cycle.

[0010] Preferably, the determination of the flow velocity distribution uniformity index in S2 within each cycle includes: S24. Construct a velocity distribution matrix based on the velocity difference coefficient within each cycle; S25. Perform eigenvalue decomposition on the velocity distribution matrix and extract the principal eigenvalues; S26. Compare the main characteristic value with the preset velocity distribution benchmark value to generate a velocity distribution uniformity index for each cycle.

[0011] Preferably, determining the water quality adaptability index for each cycle in S3 includes: S31. Extract key indicators from the water quality parameter data for each cycle, including dissolved oxygen concentration, total nitrogen content, and total phosphorus content; S32. Compare the key indicators of each monitoring point with the standard ecological water quality parameters in each cycle, and calculate the water quality deviation value of each monitoring point. S33. The weighted average of the water quality deviation values ​​of all monitoring points in each cycle is used as the water quality adaptability index for each cycle.

[0012] Preferably, the generation of the comprehensive ecological impact factor for each cycle in S4 includes: S41. The flow velocity distribution uniformity index and the water quality adaptability index within each cycle are weighted and superimposed to form a preliminary ecological impact factor; S42. Based on the water storage depth and flood discharge frequency during reservoir operation, the preliminary ecological impact factors are revised to generate comprehensive ecological impact factors for each cycle.

[0013] Preferably, determining the ecological sensitivity within each cycle in S4 includes: S43. Establish a dynamic feedback model based on time series data of reservoir water storage and flood discharge operations; S44. Input the comprehensive ecological impact factors in each cycle into the dynamic feedback model to simulate the response of the ecosystem to the reservoir operation strategy; S45. Based on the simulation results, quantify the ecological sensitivity in each cycle.

[0014] Preferably, adjusting the reservoir operation strategy in step S5 to optimize the ecological environment protection effect includes: S51. Based on the ecological sensitivity within each cycle, set the adjustment threshold for the reservoir operation strategy; S52. When the ecological sensitivity exceeds the adjustment threshold, the reservoir water depth or the frequency of flood discharge shall be reduced first. S53. Based on the actual needs of reservoir operation, dynamically balance the relationship between water resource utilization and ecological protection.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an ecological environment protection device for reservoir projects, wherein the device stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of any one of the above-described ecological environment protection methods for reservoir projects.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an ecological environment protection system in a reservoir project, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-described ecological environment protection methods in a reservoir project.

[0017] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of dynamic regulation capabilities and adaptability to complex environments by introducing multi-dimensional data acquisition, comprehensive ecological impact factor generation, and a dynamic feedback mechanism during reservoir operation. Simultaneously, by optimizing operational strategies, it reduces implementation and maintenance costs, achieving coordinated development of water resource utilization and ecological environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deployment and data acquisition of the multi-point water body monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a logic block diagram of the calculation process of the flow velocity distribution uniformity index in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structured schematic diagram of the water quality adaptability index generation step in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of combining integrated ecological impact factors with dynamic feedback mechanisms in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 A decision-making flowchart for adjusting and optimizing reservoir operation strategies provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0024] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Monitoring point; 2. Flow velocity sensor; 3. Flow meter; 4. Water quality analyzer; 5. Flow velocity distribution matrix; 6. Dynamic feedback model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This invention provides an ecological environmental protection technology for reservoir engineering. It achieves effective protection of the ecological environment during reservoir operation by combining a multi-point water monitoring system, flow velocity distribution uniformity index calculation, water quality adaptability index generation, and a dynamic feedback mechanism. The following is in conjunction with the appendix... Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple monitoring points 1 are first deployed in the reservoir area and downstream river channel. Each monitoring point 1 is equipped with a flow velocity sensor 2, a flow meter 3, and a water quality analyzer 4. These devices are fixed in the water body using fixed supports or buoy structures to ensure real-time acquisition of water velocity, flow rate, and water quality parameter data. The flow velocity sensor 2 measures the water flow velocity, the flow meter 3 records the water flow rate, and the water quality analyzer 4 is responsible for detecting key water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen concentration, total nitrogen content, and total phosphorus content. Data from all monitoring points 1 is transmitted to the central processing unit via a wireless transmission module, forming a multidimensional dataset for each cycle. This deployment method ensures the comprehensiveness and real-time nature of data acquisition, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0027] After obtaining the flow velocity data at each monitoring point 1, such as Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment calculates the velocity difference coefficient between monitoring points 1 within each cycle. The specific steps include: first, normalizing the velocity data of each monitoring point 1 within each cycle to obtain normalized velocity values. The normalization formula is as follows: ,in The actual flow velocity value at monitoring point 1. and These represent the minimum and maximum flow velocities at all monitoring points 1 within the given period. Then, the absolute value of the difference between the normalized flow velocities of any two monitoring points 1 within each period is calculated and denoted as the flow velocity difference value. Finally, the mean of the flow velocity difference values ​​among all monitoring points 1 within each period is taken as the flow velocity difference coefficient for that period. This process is stored and processed in the form of a flow velocity distribution matrix 5, facilitating subsequent eigenvalue decomposition operations.

[0028] Based on the velocity difference coefficient, this embodiment further determines the velocity distribution uniformity index within each cycle. For example... Figure 3As shown, firstly, a velocity distribution matrix 5 is constructed. This matrix is ​​based on the normalized velocity values ​​of each monitoring point 1, forming a two-dimensional array. Next, eigenvalue decomposition is performed on the velocity distribution matrix 5 to extract the principal eigenvalues. The principal eigenvalues ​​reflect the overall characteristics of the velocity distribution. By comparing them with a preset velocity distribution benchmark value, the velocity distribution uniformity index for each period can be generated. The formula for calculating the velocity distribution uniformity index is as follows: ,in Principal eigenvalues, This serves as a baseline value. This indicator can intuitively reflect the uniformity of water flow velocity distribution in the reservoir, providing a basis for the subsequent generation of comprehensive ecological impact factors.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment also calculates the water quality adaptability index for each cycle. First, three key indicators—dissolved oxygen concentration, total nitrogen content, and total phosphorus content—are extracted from the water quality parameter data, and these indicators are compared with standard ecological water quality parameters. The comparison method uses a deviation calculation formula. ,in This is the actual measured value. This is the standard value. This represents the individual deviation value. Subsequently, the individual deviation values ​​of all monitoring points 1 within each period are weighted and averaged, with weights set according to the importance of each indicator, ultimately yielding the water quality adaptability index for each period. The lower the water quality adaptability index, the closer the water quality parameters are to the standard ecological water quality parameters; conversely, the higher the index, the greater the deviation in water quality.

[0030] After generating the flow velocity distribution uniformity index and the water quality adaptability index, such as Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment further generates a comprehensive ecological impact factor for each cycle. Specific steps include: weighting and superimposing the flow velocity distribution uniformity index and the water quality adaptability index to form a preliminary ecological impact factor. The weights are adjusted according to actual needs; for example, the weight of the water quality adaptability index can be appropriately increased in certain ecologically sensitive areas. Subsequently, the preliminary ecological impact factor is corrected by considering the reservoir's water depth and flood discharge frequency during operation, generating the final comprehensive ecological impact factor. The correction formula is as follows: ,in , and These represent the weights of the flow velocity distribution uniformity index, water quality adaptability index, and operating parameters, respectively, while HH is the combined influence value of water storage depth and flood discharge frequency.

[0031] To further quantify the ecosystem's response to reservoir operation strategies, this embodiment establishes a dynamic feedback model 6 based on comprehensive ecological impact factors, such as... Figure 5As shown, Dynamic Feedback Model 6 is based on time-series data of reservoir water storage and flood discharge operations. It simulates the dynamic changes of the ecosystem by inputting comprehensive ecological impact factors for each cycle. The model output includes key ecosystem response indicators, such as the rate of biodiversity change and the water body's self-purification capacity. Based on these indicators, this embodiment quantifies the ecological sensitivity for each cycle. The higher the ecological sensitivity, the greater the impact of the current operating strategy on the ecological environment.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment adjusts and optimizes the reservoir operation strategy based on ecological sensitivity. The specific decision-making process includes: first, setting an adjustment threshold for ecological sensitivity; when the ecological sensitivity exceeds this threshold, prioritizing a reduction in reservoir water depth or a decrease in flood discharge frequency. During the adjustment process, the actual needs of reservoir operation must be considered, such as flood control scheduling and irrigation water supply, to dynamically balance the relationship between water resource utilization and ecological protection. The adjusted operation strategy is then distributed to various implementing agencies through the central control unit, achieving closed-loop management of reservoir operation.

[0033] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides an ecological environment protection device for reservoir engineering. This device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements all the steps of the above-described method, ensuring the automated operation of the entire protection technology. The internal hardware modules of the device include a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a dynamic feedback module, and a strategy adjustment module. These modules are connected via a high-speed communication bus to ensure efficient and stable data transmission.

[0034] Throughout the implementation process, this invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of dynamic regulation capabilities and adaptability to complex environments by deploying a multi-point water monitoring system, calculating the uniformity index of flow velocity distribution, generating a water quality adaptability index, and establishing a dynamic feedback mechanism. Simultaneously, by optimizing and adjusting reservoir operation strategies, it reduces implementation and maintenance costs, achieving coordinated development of water resource utilization and ecological environmental protection.

Claims

1. A method for ecological environmental protection in reservoir engineering, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain data on the flow velocity, flow rate, and water quality parameters of multiple water bodies during each cycle of reservoir operation; S2. Based on the flow velocity, flow rate and water quality parameter data, calculate the flow velocity difference coefficient between each monitoring point in each cycle, and determine the flow velocity distribution uniformity index in each cycle according to the flow velocity difference coefficient. S3. Analyze the deviation between the water quality parameters of each monitoring point and the standard ecological water quality parameters in each cycle, and determine the water quality adaptability index in each cycle in combination with the flow velocity distribution uniformity index. S4. Based on the flow velocity distribution uniformity index and the water quality adaptability index, generate a comprehensive ecological impact factor for each cycle; combine the dynamic feedback mechanism of reservoir water storage and flood discharge operations on the ecosystem to determine the ecological sensitivity for each cycle. S5. Based on the aforementioned ecological sensitivity, adjust the reservoir operation strategy to optimize the ecological environment protection effect.

2. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The S1 process of acquiring flow velocity data, flow rate data, and water quality parameter data of multiple water bodies in each cycle during reservoir operation includes: S11. Multiple monitoring points (1) are set up in the reservoir area and downstream river channel. Each monitoring point (1) is equipped with a flow velocity sensor (2), a flow meter (3) and a water quality analyzer (4). S12. By collecting flow velocity data, flow rate data and water quality parameter data of each monitoring point (1) in real time, a multidimensional dataset is formed for each cycle.

3. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the flow velocity difference coefficient between monitoring points within each cycle in S2 includes: S21. Normalize the flow velocity data of each monitoring point (1) in each cycle to obtain the normalized flow velocity value. S22. Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the normalized flow velocity values ​​between any two monitoring points (1) in each cycle, and record it as the flow velocity difference value; S23. The average value of the velocity difference between all monitoring points (1) in each cycle is taken as the velocity difference coefficient in each cycle.

4. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The velocity distribution uniformity index determined in S2 for each cycle includes: S24. Based on the velocity difference coefficient in each cycle, construct the velocity distribution matrix (5). S25. Perform eigenvalue decomposition on the velocity distribution matrix (5) and extract the principal eigenvalues; S26. Compare the main characteristic value with the preset velocity distribution benchmark value to generate a velocity distribution uniformity index for each cycle.

5. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality adaptability index determined in S3 for each cycle includes: S31. Extract key indicators from the water quality parameter data in each cycle, including dissolved oxygen concentration, total nitrogen content, and total phosphorus content; S32. Compare the key indicators of each monitoring point (1) with the standard ecological water quality parameters in each cycle, and calculate the water quality deviation value of each monitoring point (1). S33. The weighted average of the water quality deviation values ​​of all monitoring points (1) in each cycle is used as the water quality adaptability index for each cycle.

6. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Preferably, the generation of the comprehensive ecological impact factor for each cycle in S4 includes: S41. The flow velocity distribution uniformity index and the water quality adaptability index within each cycle are weighted and superimposed to form a preliminary ecological impact factor; S42. Based on the water storage depth and flood discharge frequency during reservoir operation, the preliminary ecological impact factors are revised to generate comprehensive ecological impact factors for each cycle.

7. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of ecological sensitivity within each cycle in S4 includes: S43. Based on the time series data of reservoir water storage and flood discharge operations, a dynamic feedback model is established (6). S44. Input the comprehensive ecological impact factors in each cycle into the dynamic feedback model (6) to simulate the response of the ecosystem to the reservoir operation strategy; S45. Based on the simulation results, quantify the ecological sensitivity in each cycle.

8. The ecological environment protection method in a reservoir project as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of reservoir operation strategy in S5 to optimize ecological and environmental protection effects includes: S51. Based on the ecological sensitivity within each cycle, set the adjustment threshold for the reservoir operation strategy; S52. When the ecological sensitivity exceeds the adjustment threshold, the reservoir water depth or the frequency of flood discharge shall be reduced first. S53. Based on the actual needs of reservoir operation, dynamically balance the relationship between water resource utilization and ecological protection.

9. An ecological environment protection device for reservoir engineering, characterized in that, The device stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the ecological environmental protection method in a reservoir project as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An ecological environment protection system in a reservoir project, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the ecological environmental protection method in a reservoir project as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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