A multi-modal intrusion detection acousto-optic warning device for a crane arm

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-modal intrusion detection sound-light warning devices for crane arm, belong to hoisting machinery safety protection technical field. Including installation support, intrusion detection module, adjusting assembly, base, sound-light warning module, storage box and three-dimensional fence warning assembly. Intrusion detection module is fused with millimeter wave radar and infrared pyroelectric sensor, long-distance detection and close-range human recognition are complementary. Adjusting assembly adopts the gravity self-stabilizing structure formed by ball head and counterweight, so that the sound-light warning module always keeps vertical pointing when the crane arm is inclined. The storage box is provided with a coiled warning tape, which can quickly form a three-dimensional fence from the crane arm hanging to the ground. The application realizes all-weather active detection and hierarchical warning in hoisting operation area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety protection technology for lifting machinery, specifically a multimodal intrusion detection sound and light warning device for crane booms. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction and urban renewal projects, cranes and other lifting equipment are being used more and more frequently at various construction sites, especially in power systems, substations, building construction, and construction operations near high-voltage facilities. However, due to the characteristics of lifting equipment, such as long boom length, wide range of motion, and complex construction site environment, safety accidents can easily occur where the boom gets too close to or even comes into contact with live equipment, obstacles, or ground personnel.

[0003] Currently, traditional anti-collision and anti-intrusion measures for hoisting operations mainly have the following technical defects: I. Passive warning methods lack proactive detection capabilities: Existing technologies mostly rely on construction workers to visually judge the safe distance between the boom and obstacles, or on supervisors to coordinate operations through hand gestures. This passive warning method has obvious defects: factors such as obstructed vision, communication delays, and on-site noise can easily lead to misjudgments or invalid instructions, causing the boom to approach high-voltage equipment or accidentally enter dangerous areas without maintaining a safe distance.

[0004] Second, the detection methods are limited and reliability is low in complex environments: Some existing technologies attempt to detect distances or identify personnel using a single sensor (such as ultrasonic ranging, lidar, or a camera). However, in harsh working conditions commonly found at hoisting construction sites, such as high dust levels, drastic changes in lighting, and variable weather conditions, single sensors are prone to failure: cameras are easily obscured by dust, resulting in unclear images; ultrasonic sensors are severely affected by wind noise; and lidar performance degrades significantly in rainy or snowy weather. A single sensor cannot maintain stable and reliable detection performance under all working conditions.

[0005] Third, the warning methods are limited and have low visibility under harsh conditions: Existing audible and visual alarm devices are mostly single-function devices, such as those that only have flashing lights or voice broadcasts. In bright light environments, light warnings are difficult to detect; in high-noise environments, voice warnings are difficult to hear. The lack of a multimodal, multi-channel composite warning mechanism means that warning information may completely fail under different working conditions, failing to effectively prevent personnel from accidentally entering dangerous areas.

[0006] Fourth, the warning device is fixed relative to the boom and cannot adapt to changes in posture: Existing warning devices are usually rigidly fixed to the boom. When the boom is operating at a large elevation angle or in a side tilt, the direction of the warning light, the direction of the horn, and the direction of the projector all deflect with the boom, causing the warning information to be unable to be accurately transmitted to the dangerous area on the ground, which seriously weakens the warning effect. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the problems of passive warning methods, single detection methods and inability of warning devices to adapt to changes in boom posture in existing hoisting operations, this invention provides a multimodal intrusion detection sound and light warning device for crane booms.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane boom, including a mounting bracket, an intrusion detection module, an adjustment component, a base, an audible and visual warning module, a control unit, a storage box, a three-dimensional fence warning component, and a power supply box.

[0009] The mounting bracket is detachably fixed to the crane boom via mounting feet. The intrusion detection module is fixedly mounted above the mounting bracket for detecting personnel or obstacles around the boom. The adjustment assembly connects the mounting bracket and the audible and visual warning module, and includes a ball joint, a ball head, a mounting plate, a connecting rod, and a counterweight. The ball joint is fixed at the center of the bottom end of the mounting bracket, and the ball head is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the ball joint. The mounting plate, the connecting rod, and the counterweight are sequentially fixed to the bottom end of the ball head. The base is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the counterweight. The audible and visual warning module is used to emit audible and visual alarm signals and is mounted on the bottom end of the base. The control unit is located inside the base and is electrically connected to the intrusion detection module and the audible and visual warning module. The storage box has a hollow interior and is fixed to the outside of the mounting bracket by several mounting rods. The bottom of the storage box has an opening. The three-dimensional fencing warning component is located inside the storage box and includes a rotating shaft, a winding drum, a warning tape, and a torsion spring. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the storage box, and the winding drum is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. The warning tape is wound around the outside of the winding drum, with one end extending out of the storage box through the opening. The torsion spring is located between both ends of the winding drum and the inner wall of the storage box. The power supply box is fixed inside the mounting bracket and supplies power to all electrical components.

[0010] Preferably, the sound and light warning module includes a light strip, a speaker, and a projection light. The light strip is installed on the outside of the base, the two speakers are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the base, and the projection light is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base.

[0011] Preferably, the intrusion detection module includes a millimeter-wave radar sensor and an infrared pyroelectric sensor. The millimeter-wave radar sensor is used to detect the distance of people or obstacles within a range of 0.5m-20m around the boom; the infrared pyroelectric sensor is used to identify the presence of human bodies within a range of 0.3m-5m in the near field of the boom.

[0012] Preferably, four storage boxes are provided, and the four storage boxes are located at the four corners of the bottom of the mounting bracket.

[0013] Preferably, a counterweight rod is fixedly connected to one end of the warning tape extending out of the storage box, and the counterweight rod has through holes on both sides.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the storage box is provided with a limiting component, which includes two fixing rods. The two fixing rods are vertically fixed to the bottom of the storage box and are located on both sides of the opening. The two fixing rods are movably connected to the counterweight rod through two through holes. The bottom ends of the two fixing rods are connected to limit blocks through external threads, and the upper ends of the two limit blocks are in contact with the bottom ends of the counterweight rod.

[0015] Preferably, the surface of the warning tape is provided with a reflective layer.

[0016] Preferably, springs are fixedly connected between both sides of the base and the two side walls of the mounting bracket, and both springs are inclined.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention employs a detection scheme that integrates a millimeter-wave radar sensor and an infrared pyroelectric sensor. The millimeter-wave radar sensor is characterized by its ability to penetrate dust and its strong resistance to environmental interference, making it suitable for long-range, large-area scanning. The infrared pyroelectric sensor is sensitive to human infrared radiation, making it suitable for accurate identification of human presence at close range. The two sensors complement each other in their detection principles: the radar detects the target, while the infrared sensor confirms the presence of a human. Through data fusion processing in the control unit, interference from non-human moving objects can be effectively eliminated, significantly reducing the false alarm rate. It also maintains stable and reliable detection performance even under harsh conditions such as dust and changing lighting.

[0018] 2. This invention includes an adjustment component between the mounting bracket and the audible and visual warning module. This component employs a universal hinge structure formed by a ball joint and a counterweight, ensuring that the center of gravity of the entire audible and visual warning module and its base is below the ball joint hinge point. When the boom tilts or rotates, the audible and visual warning module automatically swings around the ball joint under the weight of the counterweight, always maintaining a vertically downward pointing posture. This structure is a purely mechanical gravity-based self-stabilizing structure, requiring no sensors, motors, or control systems. It boasts high reliability and zero energy consumption, ensuring that the projection lamp always projects warning graphics vertically downwards and that the main lobe of the speaker's sound field always points towards the ground area where people are active.

[0019] 3. This invention features several storage boxes fixed to the outside of the mounting bracket via mounting rods. Each storage box contains a three-dimensional fencing warning component. This component includes a rotating shaft, a winding drum, warning tape, and a torsion spring. One end of the warning tape extends out of the storage box and can be pulled downwards, while the torsion spring provides automatic winding and restoring force. This structure has the following technical advantages: First, it allows for rapid deployment. During operation, the warning tape is pulled out of the storage box, and the locking force of the torsion spring maintains tension, forming a radial three-dimensional warning fencing that hangs vertically from the boom to the ground, eliminating the need for ground fixing points. Second, it allows for rapid retrieval. After releasing the locking mechanism, the torsion spring automatically rewinds and stores the warning tape, facilitating relocation and transportation. Third, the fencing area automatically follows the position changes of the boom, eliminating the need for manual re-layout. Fourth, the warning tape surface has a reflective layer, providing good passive visibility at night or in dim environments.

[0020] 4. The sound and light warning module of this invention includes three warning methods: light strip, speaker, and projection light, corresponding to the visual, auditory, and ground marking information channels, respectively. When the intrusion detection module detects personnel entering the fenced area, the control unit simultaneously triggers: the light strip flashes (strong visual warning), the speaker emits a directional voice warning (strong auditory warning), and the projection light projects warning graphics such as "No Entry" onto the ground (ground marking warning). Simultaneously, the reflective layer on the warning strip further enhances the presence of the fence. The three warning methods are physically staggered, do not obstruct each other, and each faces the most effective direction of propagation, achieving a blind-spot-free composite warning. In strong light environments, when the warning effect of the light strip decreases, the projection light and speaker can still work effectively; in high noise environments, when the speaker effect decreases, the light strip and projection light can still function. This multimodal warning mechanism ensures that at least one warning method can effectively transmit alarm information under any adverse conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multimodal intrusion detection audio-visual warning device for crane boom provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a multimodal intrusion detection audio-visual warning device for crane booms provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the storage box structure for a multimodal intrusion detection audio-visual warning device for crane booms provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional fence warning component for a multimodal intrusion detection sound and light warning device for crane booms provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component structure of a multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms provided by the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Mounting foot; 3. Intrusion detection module; 4. Adjustment component; 41. Ball joint; 42. Ball joint; 43. Mounting plate; 44. Connecting rod; 45. Counterweight; 5. 3D fence warning component; 51. Warning tape; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Rewind drum; 54. Torsion spring; 6. Limiting component; 61. Fixing rod; 62. Limiting block; 63. External thread; 7. Base; 8. Light strip; 9. Horn; 10. Projector lamp; 11. Power supply box; 12. Spring; 13. Mounting rod; 14. Storage box; 15. Opening; 16. Counterweight rod; 17. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Example 1: A multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms, comprising: Mounting bracket 1 is detachably fixed to the crane boom via mounting feet 2. Mounting feet 2 can adopt a U-shaped clamp structure with anti-slip rubber pads on the inside and are locked with high-strength bolts, which can accommodate booms of different diameters.

[0025] An intrusion detection module 3 is fixedly mounted above the mounting bracket 1. This intrusion detection module 3 includes a millimeter-wave radar sensor and an infrared pyroelectric sensor. The millimeter-wave radar sensor uses a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) system, operating at a frequency of 24 GHz or 77 GHz, with a detection range of 0.5 m to 20 m and a detection angle of 120°. It is used for long-range, wide-area scanning, accurately detecting the distance and movement of personnel around the boom, and features strong dust penetration and resistance to environmental interference. The infrared pyroelectric sensor has a detection range of 0.3 m to 5 m and a detection angle of 110°, used for precise identification of human presence at close range. It determines whether a person is present by detecting infrared radiation of a specific wavelength (typically 8 μm to 14 μm) emitted by the human body. The output signals of both sensors are analog voltage signals or digital level signals, transmitted to the control unit for fusion processing via signal lines. The radar sensor is responsible for "target detection," while the infrared sensor is responsible for "human body confirmation," forming a complementary relationship in their detection principles.

[0026] An adjustment component 4, connected between the mounting bracket 1 and the audible and visual warning module, is used to achieve gravity-based self-stabilized orientation of the audible and visual warning module. The adjustment component 4 includes a ball joint 41, a ball head 42, a mounting plate 43, a connecting rod 44, and a counterweight 45. The ball joint 41 is fixed at the center of the bottom end of the mounting bracket 1, and a hemispherical cavity is provided at the lower end of the ball joint 41. The ball head 42 is rolled within the hemispherical cavity at the bottom end of the ball joint 41, forming a universal hinge structure. The ball head 42 can rotate freely within the ball joint 41, with a rotation angle range of 0° to 45°. The mounting plate 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the ball head 42. The mounting plate 43 is circular or rectangular flat. The connecting rod 44, a vertically oriented metal rod, is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the mounting plate 43. The counterweight 45 is made of cast iron or lead and has a mass range of 0.5 kg to 2.0 kg.

[0027] The mass of the counterweight 45 is configured such that when the boom tilts, the weight of the counterweight 45 can drive the ball joint 42 to swing freely within the ball joint seat 41, ensuring that the components connected below always maintain a vertically downward pointing posture. The center of gravity of the entire audible and visual warning module and the base 7 is located below the hinge point of the ball joint 42, forming a stable gravity pendulum structure.

[0028] The base 7 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the counterweight 45. The base 7 is a rectangular box-shaped structure made of aluminum alloy or engineering plastic, with a hollow interior to accommodate the control unit and some circuitry. The outer wall of the base 7 is provided with heat dissipation holes and cable interfaces.

[0029] A sound and light warning module, used to emit sound and light alarm signals, is installed at the bottom of the base 7. The module includes a light strip 8, a speaker 9, and a projection lamp 10. The light strip 8 is a flexible LED light strip that emits red and yellow light, with an adjustable flashing frequency (1Hz to 3Hz). Two speakers 9 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the base 7, forming a stereo sound field. The speakers 9 are high-frequency horn speakers with a power of 20W, a maximum loudness ≥110dB, and the sound outlet is tilted downwards at 15° to 30°, directing the main lobe of the sound field towards the area where people are active on the ground. The projection lamp 10 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the base 7, projecting vertically downwards. The projection lamp 10 is a 5W LED laser projection module that can project warning graphics such as "No Entry" and "High Voltage Danger" onto the ground. The projection area varies with the projection distance; at a height of 10m, the projection diameter is approximately 2m.

[0030] The storage box 14 has an internal cavity and is fixed to the outside of the mounting bracket 1 by several mounting rods 13. The storage box 14 is a rectangular box made of engineering plastic or thin steel sheet by stamping. The bottom of the storage box 14 has an opening 15, which is rectangular or waist-shaped and slightly wider than the width of the warning tape 51.

[0031] In this embodiment, four storage boxes 14 are provided. The four storage boxes 14 are located at the four corners of the bottom end of the mounting bracket 1 and are evenly distributed at a 90° angle along the circumference of the boom to form an omnidirectional fence layout.

[0032] A three-dimensional fencing warning component 5, installed inside the storage box 14, forms a physical warning fence that hangs vertically from the boom to the ground. This component includes a pivot 52, a winding drum 53, a warning tape 51, and a torsion spring 54. The pivot 52 is rotatably connected between the two end walls inside the storage box 14, and bearings or bushings are provided at both ends of the pivot 52 to reduce rotational friction. The winding drum 53 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the pivot 52. The winding drum 53 is cylindrical, and its outer surface has anti-slip textures. The warning tape 51 is wound around the outside of the winding drum 53, with one end fixed to the winding drum 53 and the other end extending out of the storage box 14 through an opening 15. The warning tape 51 is made of nylon or polyester webbing, with a width of 30mm to 50mm, a thickness of 0.5mm to 1mm, and a tensile strength ≥500N. The surface of the warning tape 51 has a reflective layer (such as reflective paint or reflective film), providing good passive visibility at night or in dim environments. Torsion springs 54 are disposed between the two ends of the winding drum 53 and the inner wall of the storage box 14, and two torsion springs 54 are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the two ends of the rotating shaft 52. One end of the torsion spring 54 is fixedly connected to the winding drum 53, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the storage box 14, and is used to provide the winding restoring force of the warning tape 51.

[0033] The end of the warning tape 51 extending out of the storage box 14 is fixedly connected to a counterweight rod 16. The counterweight rod 16 is a round metal rod with a length of 80mm to 120mm and a mass range of 50g to 200g. Both sides of the counterweight rod 16 are provided with through holes 17, which are circular through holes.

[0034] The control unit (not shown in the figure) is located inside the base 7 and uses an embedded microcontroller (such as an STM32F103C8T6 or an equivalent chip) with a built-in intrusion detection algorithm. The control unit is electrically connected to the intrusion detection module 3 and the audible and visual warning module (light strip 8, speaker 9, projection lamp 10) via signal lines, and is used to control the working status of the audible and visual warning module and the warning lamp according to the intrusion detection signal.

[0035] The power supply box 11 is fixed inside the mounting bracket 1 and supplies power to the aforementioned electrical components. The power supply box 11 is equipped with a lithium battery pack (capacity of 2000mAh to 5000mAh, voltage of 12V), and a solar charging panel (optional) can be installed on the top. It also has a reserved external DC 12V power interface to support AC charging and direct external power supply.

[0036] Springs 12 are fixed between the two sides of the base 7 and the two side walls of the mounting bracket 1, and both springs 12 are inclined. Springs 12 are helical tension springs or compression springs, which are used to provide auxiliary damping for the swing of the base 7, suppress uninstructed swaying caused by the acceleration or deceleration of the boom or wind disturbance, and enable the sound and light warning module to return to a stable vertical pointing posture more quickly.

[0037] In use, the mounting bracket 1 is fixed to the end of the crane boom via the mounting feet 2. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight 45 of the adjusting component 4 causes the base 7 and the audible and visual warning module to automatically droop to the vertical position. The spring 12 provides auxiliary damping to suppress swaying.

[0038] Pull the warning tapes 51 from the four storage boxes 14 downwards. The counterweight rod 16 slides down under the action of gravity until it contacts the ground. The winding force of the torsion spring 54 is less than the weight of the counterweight rod 16, so the warning tapes 51 remain taut and hanging down, forming four radial warning tapes 51 that hang vertically from the end of the boom to the ground, together forming a three-dimensional warning area below the boom.

[0039] Intrusion detection module 3 is activated. The millimeter-wave radar sensor continuously scans a 20m radius around the boom, detecting the distance and speed of moving targets. When personnel are detected approaching within 10m, the control unit activates a level one warning: LED strip 8 flashes yellow slowly (frequency 1Hz).

[0040] When a person continues to approach and enters the area enclosed by the warning tape (distance ≤ 5m), and the infrared pyroelectric sensor confirms that the target is a human body, the control unit activates a level two alarm: the light strip 8 switches to red flashing (frequency 3Hz), the projection light 10 projects a red warning graphic of "No Entry" onto the ground, and the two speakers 9 simultaneously issue a directional voice warning (such as "Danger area, please leave immediately", loudness ≥ 110dB).

[0041] When the boom tilts or rotates during operation, the ball joint 42 automatically swings within the ball joint seat 41 under the weight of the counterweight 45, ensuring that the base 7 and the audible and visual warning module always maintain a vertically downward pointing orientation. Specifically: the projection lamp 10 always projects vertically downwards, and the warning graphic is always located in the center of the danger zone on the ground directly below the boom; the light strip 8 always maintains a horizontal orientation; and the main lobe of the horn 9 always points towards the area where people are active on the ground. The spring 12 provides damping during the swinging process to prevent the audible and visual warning module from generating excessive inertial swing.

[0042] After the operation is completed, lift the counterweight bar. Once the counterweight bar is no longer restricting the movement, the warning tape will be rewound onto the take-up drum by the rebound force of the torsion spring, completing the storage of the warning tape. Remove the device from the boom and store it in the toolbox.

[0043] Example 2: The technical solution that differs from Example 1 in this example includes: limiting the specific structure and function of component 6.

[0044] The limiting component 6 is located at the bottom of the storage box 14 and includes two fixing rods 61 and two limiting blocks 62. Both fixing rods 61 are vertically fixed to the bottom of the storage box 14 and are located on both sides of the opening 15. The length of the fixing rods 61 is 300mm to 500mm, and the diameter is clearance-fitted with the through hole 17 on the counterweight rod 16 (the clearance is 0.5mm to 1mm).

[0045] The two fixed rods 61 are respectively connected to the counterweight rod 16 through the two through holes 17, so that the counterweight rod 16 can slide up and down along the fixed rods 61. After the operation is completed, the counterweight rod 16 is sleeved on the two fixed rods 61 for stable storage.

[0046] The bottom ends of the two fixed rods 61 are threaded to limit blocks 62 via external threads 63. The upper surface of the limit blocks 62 is flat. The upper surfaces of the two limit blocks 62 are in contact with the bottom end of the counterweight rod 16 to limit the downward movement of the counterweight rod 16.

[0047] In use, after the work is completed, lift the counterweight rod 16 and put it onto the two fixed rods 61 through the two through holes 17. At this time, since the counterweight rod 16 is no longer restrained, the warning tape 51 will be rewound onto the winding drum 53 by the rebound force of the torsion spring 54. After winding, screw the limiting block 62 to the bottom of the fixed rod 61 and make the upper end of the limiting block 62 fit with the bottom end of the counterweight rod 16, thereby restricting the counterweight rod 16 and preventing it from moving down, thus completing the stable storage of the counterweight rod 16.

[0048] Example 3: The technical solutions that differ from Example 2 in this example include: optimized configuration of the number of storage boxes, the mass of the counterweight, the length of the warning tape, and the sensor parameters.

[0049] The number of storage boxes 14 is not limited to four, and can be configured according to the diameter of the boom and the safety requirements of the working area: Dual-box solution: When the work area is restricted (such as working against a wall or working in a tunnel), two storage boxes 14 need to be installed symmetrically on both sides of the mounting bracket 1 to form two warning strip fences at the front and back, covering a 180° fan-shaped danger area.

[0050] Three-box solution: Three storage boxes 14 are evenly installed at a 120° angle at the bottom of the mounting bracket 1 to form three warning strip fences, covering a 270° fan-shaped danger area.

[0051] Four-box solution: Install four storage boxes 14 at the four corners of the bottom of the mounting bracket 1 to form an all-around enclosed fence, covering a 360° circular danger zone, suitable for open field operations.

[0052] The counterweight 45 has a detachable structure and is connected to the connecting rod 44 via threads or clips. Different weights of counterweights can be used depending on the operating height and maximum tilt angle of the boom. When the maximum tilt angle of the boom is 0°-30°, a 0.5kg counterweight is used, which is suitable for flat boom operation and low-height lifting.

[0053] When the maximum tilt angle of the boom is 30°-50°, a 1.0kg counterweight is used, which is suitable for general tilting operations and medium-height lifting.

[0054] When the maximum tilt angle of the boom is 50°-75°, use a counterweight of 1.5kg-2.0kg. This is suitable for high-angle operations and high-altitude hoisting.

[0055] The principle for the mass configuration of the counterweight 45 is as follows: at the maximum tilt angle of the boom, the gravitational torque of the counterweight 45 is sufficient to drive the sound and light warning module to overcome the static friction between the ball head 42 and the ball head seat 41, so that it returns to the vertical pointing posture; at the same time, the mass of the counterweight 45 should not be too large, so as to avoid excessive inertial swing when the boom stops suddenly.

[0056] The length of the warning tape 51 is configured according to the normal operating height of the boom: For crane boom operating height ≤ 10m: warning tape length 8m-10m.

[0057] Crane boom operating height 10m-20m: warning tape length 15m-18m.

[0058] Crane boom operating height 20m-30m: warning tape length 25m-28m.

[0059] The surface of the warning tape 51 is provided with reflective stripes at intervals, with an adjacent reflective stripe spacing of 0.5m, to visually indicate the extended length of the warning tape. When pulling out the warning tape, the operator can quickly determine whether the warning tape has been pulled to a sufficient length by observing the number of reflective stripes.

[0060] Depending on the severity of the working environment, sensors of different performance levels can be selected: Standard operating conditions (low dust, moderate lighting): Millimeter-wave radar detection range 20m, angle 120°; infrared sensor detection range 5m, angle 110°.

[0061] For harsh working conditions (high dust, strong light, rain and snow): the millimeter-wave radar is upgraded to a 77GHz high-resolution radar with a detection range of 30m and an angle of 150°, and has stronger anti-interference capabilities; the infrared sensor is equipped with a Fresnel lens, increasing the detection range to 8m and expanding the angle to 130°.

[0062] In this embodiment, the inclined spring 12 is omitted, and a friction bushing is installed between the ball head 41 and the ball head 42. The friction bushing is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 1 mm and is embedded in the inner surface of the hemispherical cavity of the ball head 41. The friction bushing provides stable sliding friction resistance to suppress uninstructed oscillation of the audible and visual warning module.

Claims

1. A multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms, characterized in that, include: Mounting bracket (1) is detachably fixed to the crane boom by mounting feet (2); An intrusion detection module (3) is fixedly installed above the mounting bracket (1) for detecting personnel or obstacles around the boom; Adjustment component (4), connected between the mounting bracket (1) and the sound and light warning module, includes ball head seat (41), the ball head seat (41) is fixed at the center of the bottom end of the mounting bracket (1), the bottom end of the ball head seat (41) is rotatably connected to a ball head (42), the bottom end of the ball head (42) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (43), the bottom end of the mounting plate (43) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (44), and the bottom end of the connecting rod (44) is fixedly connected to a counterweight (45). The base (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the counterweight (45); An audible and visual alarm module is used to emit audible and visual alarm signals and is installed at the bottom of the base (7); The control unit is located inside the base (7) and is electrically connected to the intrusion detection module (3) and the audible and visual alarm module; The storage box (14) has a hollow interior and is fixed to the outside of the mounting bracket (1) by several mounting rods (13); An opening (15) is located at the bottom of the storage box (14); A three-dimensional fence warning component (5) is set inside the storage box (14), including a rotating shaft (52). The rotating shaft (52) is rotatably connected inside the storage box (14). A winding drum (53) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (52). A warning tape (51) is wound on the outside of the winding drum (53). One end of the warning tape (51) extends out of the storage box (14) through the opening (15). Torsion springs (54) are fixedly connected between both ends of the winding drum (53) and the inner wall of the storage box (14). The two torsion springs (54) are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of both ends of the rotating shaft (52). The power supply box (11) is fixed inside the mounting bracket (1) and supplies power to the above-mentioned electrical components.

2. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound and light warning module includes a light strip (8), a speaker (9) and a projection lamp (10). The light strip (8) is installed on the outside of the base (7), the two speakers (9) are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the base (7), and the projection lamp (10) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base (7).

3. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intrusion detection module (3) includes a millimeter-wave radar sensor and an infrared pyroelectric sensor. The millimeter-wave radar sensor is used to detect the distance of people or obstacles within a range of 0.5m-20m around the boom; the infrared pyroelectric sensor is used to identify the presence of human bodies within a range of 0.3m-5m in the near field of the boom.

4. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four storage boxes (14), and the four storage boxes (14) are located at the four corners of the bottom of the mounting bracket (1).

5. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning tape (51) is fixedly connected to a counterweight rod (16) at one end extending out of the storage box (14), and the counterweight rod (16) has through holes (17) on both sides.

6. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage box (14) is provided with a limiting component (6) at the bottom. The limiting component (6) includes two fixing rods (61). The two fixing rods (61) are vertically fixed at the bottom of the storage box (14). The two fixing rods (61) are located on both sides of the opening (15). The two fixing rods (61) are movably connected to the counterweight rod (16) through two through holes (17). The bottom ends of the two fixing rods (61) are threaded to limit blocks (62) through external threads (63). The upper ends of the two limit blocks (62) are in contact with the bottom end of the counterweight rod (16).

7. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning tape (51) has a reflective layer on its surface.

8. The multimodal intrusion detection audible and visual warning device for crane booms according to claim 1, characterized in that: Springs (12) are fixedly connected between the two sides of the base (7) and the two side walls of the mounting bracket (1), and both springs (12) are inclined.

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