Nuclear fusion energy system and method using low temperature partial filter organic rankine power generation

Abstract

The application discloses a nuclear fusion energy system and method adopting a low-temperature divertor organic Rankine power generation, and belongs to the field of nuclear fusion power generation and thermodynamic system engineering. In order to solve the problem that the low-temperature water-cooled divertor heat source is difficult to be fully applied to Rankine cycle power generation preheating of feed water due to high heat and low quality, the application proposes that the low-temperature water-cooled divertor heat source is stored by heat conduction oil and then is all used for organic Rankine cycle power generation, and the low-temperature water-cooled divertor heat source is used as a supplement of subcritical steam Rankine cycle power generation of a fusion reactor high-temperature cladding adopting molten salt heat storage, and the low-temperature water-cooled divertor heat source and the subcritical steam Rankine cycle power generation are jointly used to form a nuclear fusion power plant system. The application can fully utilize the low-quality water-cooled divertor heat source and improve the total power generation efficiency of the power plant.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear fusion power generation and thermal system engineering, specifically relating to a nuclear fusion energy system and method that uses a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear fusion energy boasts abundant fuel resources, high energy density, and low carbon emissions during operation, making it a crucial direction for the development of large-scale clean energy in the future. During fusion reactor operation, the energy generated by the fusion reaction is primarily absorbed by components such as the blanket, divertor, and vacuum chamber, and then discharged through corresponding cooling loops. The blanket receives heat at a relatively high temperature, serving as a high-grade heat source for the main power generation system; the divertor handles particle ejection and high heat flux density loads, while the heat discharged through its cooling loop is at a relatively low temperature, classifying it as a medium-to-low-grade heat source. Configuring appropriate thermodynamic cycles based on the temperature levels of different heat sources is a critical issue for improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of fusion power plants.

[0003] Existing fusion power plant energy conversion schemes typically use the high-temperature heat source in the blanket as the primary heat source, generating electricity through thermodynamic cycles such as steam Rankine cycle, supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle, or helium Brayton cycle. For the low-temperature heat generated by components such as the divertor, existing schemes often directly discharge it through cooling systems or use it for preheating the feedwater in the main power generation cycle. Although using the low-temperature heat source of the divertor to preheat the working fluid in the main cycle can reduce the heat load of the main heat source to some extent, the feedwater flow rate, feedwater temperature, and regenerative system parameters in the main cycle are usually constrained by the thermodynamic cycle design conditions, making it difficult to consistently match the heat provided by the low-temperature heat source with the actual preheating requirements of the main cycle. When the power of the low-temperature heat source of the divertor is large, relying solely on feedwater preheating is insufficient to fully absorb all its heat, potentially resulting in the waste of low-grade heat energy. Furthermore, the pulsed operation characteristics of the fusion reactor can cause the divertor heat source to be interrupted during intermittent periods. If directly coupled with the main cycle, this can cause drastic fluctuations in the main feedwater temperature, thereby jeopardizing the safe and stable operation of the main turbine.

[0004] The organic Rankine cycle uses a low-boiling-point organic working fluid, enabling it to complete evaporation, expansion, condensation, and pressurization processes at relatively low heat source temperatures. Therefore, it is suitable for energy recovery from medium- and low-temperature heat sources such as divertor cooling circuits. However, if the water-cooled divertor cooling circuit is directly connected to the organic Rankine cycle heat exchanger, changes in the divertor's heat load will be directly transmitted to the organic Rankine cycle, causing fluctuations in the organic working fluid evaporation temperature, expander inlet parameters, and power generation, potentially affecting the stable operation of the organic Rankine cycle. Furthermore, the nuclear-side cooling water circuit and the organic working fluid circuit differ in terms of medium properties, operating pressure, and safety requirements. Direct coupling is detrimental to isolation between different circuits and increases the complexity of system control and equipment design.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a nuclear fusion power plant system that uses a divertor-based low-temperature heat source for organic Rankine power generation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem that existing nuclear fusion power plants primarily utilize the high-temperature heat source of the blanket for power generation, while the medium- and low-temperature heat generated by the water-cooled divertor is difficult to fully utilize, this invention provides a nuclear fusion energy system and method employing a low-temperature divertor organic Rankine cycle for power generation. The system is equipped with a molten salt thermal storage loop and a thermal oil thermal storage loop, and utilizes a steam Rankine cycle and an organic Rankine cycle to convert heat of different grades, thereby improving the utilization rate of the low-temperature heat source and the operational flexibility of the power plant. This invention connects the high-temperature heat source of the blanket to the steam Rankine cycle through the molten salt thermal storage loop, and connects the low-temperature heat source of the water-cooled divertor to the organic Rankine cycle through the thermal oil thermal storage loop. This allows the high- and low-grade heat sources to be utilized in power cycles that match their respective temperature levels, thereby improving the utilization rate of the low-temperature heat source in the fusion power plant, the system's operational flexibility, and the overall power generation efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine cycle power generation system includes a high-temperature heat source power generation system, a cryogenic heat source thermal storage power generation system, and a common power bus. The high-temperature heat source power generation system includes a cladding cooling circuit, a molten salt thermal storage circuit, and a steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit connected to the cladding, used to convert the high-temperature heat generated by the cladding into electrical energy. The cryogenic heat source power generation system includes a divertor cooling circuit, a heat transfer oil thermal storage circuit, and an organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit connected to the divertor, used to convert the low-temperature heat generated by the divertor into electrical energy. The first generator of the steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the second generator of the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit are respectively connected to the common power bus.

[0009] The present invention also provides an operating method for a nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine cycle power generation system as described above. The heat generated by the blanket is transferred to the molten salt thermal storage circuit via a blanket-molten salt heat exchanger and is used to drive the steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit to generate electricity. The heat generated by the divertor is transferred to the thermal oil thermal storage circuit via a water-thermal oil heat exchanger and is used to drive the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit to generate electricity. The electrical energy generated by the two power generation circuits is jointly transmitted to the common power bus.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. This invention utilizes the low-temperature heat from a water-cooled divertor to generate electricity via organic Rankine cycle after being stored in heat transfer oil, thereby improving the utilization rate of low-grade heat sources.

[0012] 2. The high-temperature heat source of the cladding and the low-temperature heat source of the divertor of the present invention are respectively matched with molten salt heat storage-steam Rankine cycle and heat transfer oil heat storage-organic Rankine cycle, realizing the graded utilization of multi-grade heat.

[0013] 3. The dual-tank thermal storage circuit of the present invention can buffer heat source fluctuations and realize thermal decoupling between the nuclear side and the power generation side; the two generators are connected to the common power bus, which improves the system output stability and operational flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a nuclear fusion energy system using a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to the present invention.

[0015] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-cladding; 2-divertor; 3-public power busbar; 4-cladding-molten salt heat exchanger; 5-water-thermal oil heat exchanger; 6-steam generator; 7-organic Rankine heat exchanger; 8-high temperature molten salt tank; 9-low temperature molten salt tank; 10-high temperature oil tank; 11-low temperature oil tank; 12-first working fluid circulation pump; 13-high temperature molten salt pump; 14-low temperature molten salt pump; 15-second working fluid circulation pump; 16-high temperature oil pump; 17-low temperature oil pump; 18-first steam turbine; 19-first generator; 20-first condenser. ; 21-First feedwater pump; 22-First regenerator; 23-Second steam turbine; 24-Second generator; 25-Second regenerator; 26-Second condenser; 27-Organic working fluid pump; 28-First isolation valve; 29-Second isolation valve; 30-Third isolation valve; 31-Fourth isolation valve; 32-Fifth isolation valve; 33-Sixth isolation valve; 34-Seventh isolation valve; 35-Eighth isolation valve; 36-Ninth isolation valve; 37-Tenth isolation valve; 38-Eleventh isolation valve; 39-Twelfth isolation valve; 40-Thirteenth isolation valve. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit its scope of protection; the orientation of the equipment shown in the drawings can be adjusted according to engineering conditions.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the nuclear fusion energy system using a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator provided by the present invention includes a high-temperature heat source power generation system, a low-temperature heat source power generation system, and a public power bus 3.

[0018] The high-temperature heat source power generation system includes a cladding cooling circuit, a molten salt thermal storage circuit, and a steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit, used to convert the high-temperature heat generated by the cladding 1 into electrical energy; the low-temperature heat source thermal storage power generation system includes a divertor cooling circuit, a heat transfer oil thermal storage circuit, and an organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit, used to convert the low-temperature heat generated by the divertor 2 into electrical energy. The first generator 19 and the second generator 24 are respectively connected to the public power bus 3 for supplying power to the plant's auxiliary power system or the external power grid.

[0019] Furthermore, the cladding cooling circuit includes a cladding 1, a cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4, a first working fluid circulation pump 12, a first isolation valve 28, and a second isolation valve 29; the cooling working fluid outlet of the cladding 1 is connected to the cladding cooling working fluid side inlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4, and the cladding cooling working fluid side outlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4 is connected to the cooling working fluid inlet of the cladding 1 via the first isolation valve 28, the first working fluid circulation pump 12, and the second isolation valve 29.

[0020] Furthermore, the molten salt heat storage circuit includes the molten salt side of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4, a high-temperature molten salt tank 8, a low-temperature molten salt tank 9, a high-temperature molten salt pump 13, a low-temperature molten salt pump 14, the molten salt side of the steam generator 6, and third isolation valves 30 to seventh isolation valves 34; the molten salt side outlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4 is connected to the high-temperature molten salt tank 8, and the high-temperature molten salt tank 8 is connected to the molten salt side inlet of the steam generator 6 via the third isolation valve 30, the high-temperature molten salt pump 13, and the fourth isolation valve 31; the molten salt side outlet of the steam generator 6 is connected to the low-temperature molten salt tank 9 via the fifth isolation valve 32, and the low-temperature molten salt tank 9 is connected to the molten salt side inlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4 via the sixth isolation valve 33, the low-temperature molten salt pump 14, and the seventh isolation valve 34.

[0021] The high-temperature molten salt tank 8 stores the high-temperature molten salt after heat absorption, and the low-temperature molten salt tank 9 stores the low-temperature molten salt after heat release, so as to decouple the cladding heat generation process from the steam Rankine cycle heat utilization process.

[0022] Furthermore, the steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes a steam generator 6, a first steam turbine 18, a first generator 19, a first condenser 20, a first feedwater pump 21, and a first regenerator 22; the steam outlet of the steam generator 6 is connected to the first steam turbine 18, the first steam turbine 18 is connected to the first generator 19, and its exhaust steam returns to the steam generator 6 sequentially through the first condenser 20, the first feedwater pump 21, and the first regenerator 22; the first generator 19 is connected to the common power bus 3.

[0023] Furthermore, the divertor cooling circuit includes a divertor 2, a water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger 5, a second working fluid circulation pump 15, an eighth isolation valve 35, and a ninth isolation valve 36. The cooling water outlet of the divertor 2 is connected to the water-side inlet of the water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger 5, and the water-side outlet of the water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger 5 is connected to the cooling water inlet of the divertor 2 via the eighth isolation valve 35, the second working fluid circulation pump 15, and the ninth isolation valve 36. During operation, the cooling water absorbs heat from the divertor 2 and transfers heat to the heat-transfer oil in the water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger 5, with the two working fluids isolated from each other.

[0024] Furthermore, the heat transfer oil storage circuit includes the heat transfer oil side of the water-heat transfer oil heat exchanger 5, a high-temperature oil tank 10, a low-temperature oil tank 11, a high-temperature oil pump 16, a low-temperature oil pump 17, the heat transfer oil side of the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7, and tenth to thirteenth isolation valves 37 to 40; the heat transfer oil side outlet of the water-heat transfer oil heat exchanger 5 is connected to the high-temperature oil tank 10, and the high-temperature oil tank 10 is connected to the heat transfer oil side inlet of the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 via the tenth isolation valve 37, the high-temperature oil pump 16, and the eleventh isolation valve 38; the heat transfer oil side outlet of the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 is connected to the low-temperature oil tank 11, and the low-temperature oil tank 11 is connected to the heat transfer oil side inlet of the water-heat transfer oil heat exchanger 5 via the twelfth isolation valve 39, the low-temperature oil pump 17, and the thirteenth isolation valve 40. During heat storage, the low-temperature heat transfer oil absorbs heat in the water-heat transfer oil heat exchanger 5 and then enters the high-temperature oil tank 10; during heat release, the high-temperature heat transfer oil enters the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 for heating and returns to the low-temperature oil tank 11. The dual-tank structure of the high-temperature oil tank 10 and the low-temperature oil tank 11 can buffer the heat load fluctuations of the divertor and maintain stable heating of the organic Rankine cycle.

[0025] Preferably, the heat transfer oil is a liquid heat transfer medium that matches the outlet temperature of the divertor cooling water and has corresponding thermal stability and fluidity.

[0026] During operation, the organic working fluid absorbs heat and evaporates in the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7, and then expands and does work in the second turbine 23; the exhaust gas preheats the liquid working fluid after the pump in the second regenerator 25, and then condenses, pressurizes and returns to the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 via the regenerator.

[0027] The high-temperature oil tank 10 stores the high-temperature heat transfer oil after heat absorption, and the low-temperature oil tank 11 stores the low-temperature heat transfer oil after heat release, in order to buffer the heat load fluctuation of the divertor 2.

[0028] Furthermore, the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes an organic Rankine heat exchanger 7, a second steam turbine 23, a second generator 24, a second regenerator 25, a second condenser 26, and an organic working fluid pump 27; the organic working fluid side outlet of the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 is connected to the second steam turbine 23, the second steam turbine 23 is connected to the second generator 24, and its exhaust gas enters the organic working fluid pump 27 through the hot side of the second regenerator 25 and the second condenser 26, and then returns to the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 through the cold side of the second regenerator 25; the second generator 24 is connected to the common power bus 3.

[0029] Specifically, the cooling medium outlet of the cladding 1 is connected to the cladding cooling medium inlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4. The heat exchanger outlet is connected to the cooling medium inlet of the cladding 1 via a first isolation valve 28, a first working medium circulation pump 12, and a second isolation valve 29. During operation, the first working medium circulation pump 12 drives the cooling medium to carry away heat from the cladding and transfer heat to the molten salt in the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4.

[0030] Preferably, the cladding cooling medium can be helium, water, carbon dioxide, liquid metal, or molten salt.

[0031] During heat storage, the low-temperature molten salt absorbs heat in the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger 4 and then enters the high-temperature molten salt tank 8; during heat release, the high-temperature molten salt enters the steam generator 6 to supply heat and then returns to the low-temperature molten salt tank 9. The dual-tank structure of the high-temperature molten salt tank 8 and the low-temperature molten salt tank 9 decouples the heat generation of the cladding 1 from the heat consumption of the steam cycle, and allows for adjustment of the heat supply when the heat source power changes.

[0032] During operation, high-temperature molten salt heats the feedwater in steam generator 6 to generate steam, which then enters the first steam turbine 18 to expand and perform work. The exhaust steam is condensed, pressurized, and reheated before returning to steam generator 6. This embodiment uses a subcritical steam Rankine cycle.

[0033] Furthermore, the organic working medium can be selected from alkanes, siloxanes, hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroethers, or other low-boiling-point organic working media that match the low-temperature heat source.

[0034] Furthermore, the cladding cooling circuit and the molten salt thermal storage circuit, and the divertor cooling circuit and the heat transfer oil thermal storage circuit, respectively exchange heat indirectly through heat exchangers, thereby isolating the nuclear-side cooling medium from the thermal storage medium and the power cycle medium.

[0035] Furthermore, the molten salt thermal storage medium is nitrate molten salt, chloride salt, fluoride salt, or other thermal storage medium that matches the cladding outlet temperature.

[0036] Based on the above system, the present invention also provides an operation method for the nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine power generation:

[0037] When the fusion reactor is operating normally, the high-temperature heat source power generation system and the low-temperature heat source power generation system can work simultaneously.

[0038] The high-temperature heat generated by the cladding 1 is transferred to the molten salt thermal storage circuit through the cladding cooling circuit, and then the high-temperature molten salt supplies heat to the steam generator 6 to drive the steam Rankine cycle for power generation. The low-temperature heat generated by the divertor 2 is transferred to the heat transfer oil thermal storage circuit through the divertor cooling circuit, and then the high-temperature heat transfer oil supplies heat to the organic Rankine heat exchanger 7 to drive the organic Rankine cycle for power generation. The electrical energy generated by the first generator 19 and the second generator 24 is jointly transmitted to the common power bus 3. The common power bus 3 can distribute the electrical energy to the plant's power system or output it to the external power grid according to the power demand of the nuclear fusion power plant.

[0039] When the heat source output is basically matched with the heat demand of the power generation system, the molten salt thermal storage circuit and the thermal oil thermal storage circuit can simultaneously absorb and release heat. When the heat source output exceeds the heat demand of the power generation system, the excess heat is stored in the high-temperature molten salt tank 8 and the high-temperature oil tank 10, respectively. When the heat source output decreases, the heat stored in the high-temperature molten salt tank 8 and the high-temperature oil tank 10 is used to maintain the corresponding power cycle operation.

[0040] Through the above process, the high-temperature blanket heat source and the low-temperature divertor heat source are utilized through heat storage media and power cycles that match their temperature levels, which can improve the heat utilization rate of the fusion reactor and reduce the direct impact of changes in the nuclear heat source on the power generation system.

[0041] In summary, this invention addresses the characteristics of heat sources at different temperature levels in fusion reactors by constructing a tiered utilization path where the high-temperature heat source in the blanket and the low-temperature heat source in the divertor are independent of each other. Specifically, the high-temperature heat source in the blanket supplies heat to the steam Rankine cycle via a molten salt thermal storage loop, while the low-temperature heat source in the divertor supplies heat to the organic Rankine cycle via a thermal oil thermal storage loop. This ensures that heat of different grades is matched with suitable thermal storage media and power cycles, achieving tiered power generation utilization of high- and low-grade thermal energy from the fusion reactor. This invention sequentially couples the water-cooled divertor, the water-thermal oil heat exchanger, the high-temperature oil tank, the low-temperature oil tank, and the organic Rankine cycle to form an independent thermal storage and power generation system for the low-temperature heat source in the divertor. The divertor cooling water transfers heat to the thermal oil through the water-thermal oil heat exchanger, achieving isolation between the nuclear-side cooling water and the organic working fluid. Simultaneously, the thermal oil thermal storage loop buffers divertor heat load fluctuations and stably delivers low-temperature heat to the organic Rankine cycle for power generation, avoiding the limitation of the low-temperature heat source being solely used for preheating the main circulation feedwater. This invention establishes dual-tank thermal storage loops on both the high-temperature heat source side of the blanket and the low-temperature heat source side of the divertor. Through the high-temperature and low-temperature molten salt tanks, and the high-temperature and low-temperature oil tanks, thermal decoupling is achieved between the nuclear-side heat generation process and the power cycle heat consumption process. When the nuclear-side thermal power does not match the heat demand of the power generation system, the dual thermal storage loops can store and release heat separately, reducing the direct impact of heat source fluctuations on the operating parameters of the steam Rankine cycle and the organic Rankine cycle. The electrical energy generated by both cycles is jointly transmitted to the common power bus, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency, output stability, and operational flexibility of the nuclear fusion power plant.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine power generation system, characterized in that, It includes a high-temperature heat source power generation system, a low-temperature heat source thermal storage power generation system, and a common power bus. The high-temperature heat source power generation system includes a cladding cooling circuit, a molten salt thermal storage circuit, and a steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit connected to the cladding, used to convert the high-temperature heat generated by the cladding into electrical energy. The low-temperature heat source power generation system includes a divertor cooling circuit, a heat transfer oil thermal storage circuit, and an organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit connected to the divertor, used to convert the low-temperature heat generated by the divertor into electrical energy. The first generator of the steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the second generator of the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit are respectively connected to the common power bus.

2. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cladding cooling circuit includes a cladding, a cladding-molten salt heat exchanger, a first working fluid circulation pump, a first isolation valve, and a second isolation valve; the cooling working fluid outlet of the cladding is connected to the cladding cooling working fluid side inlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger, and the cladding cooling working fluid side outlet of the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger is connected to the cooling working fluid inlet of the cladding via the first isolation valve, the first working fluid circulation pump, and the second isolation valve; The molten salt thermal storage circuit includes a high-temperature molten salt tank, a low-temperature molten salt tank, a high-temperature molten salt pump, a low-temperature molten salt pump, and a steam generator. The high-temperature molten salt tank and the low-temperature molten salt tank are respectively connected between the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger and the steam generator.

3. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes a steam generator, a first steam turbine, a first generator, a first condenser, a first feedwater pump, and a first regenerator, which are connected in sequence to form a closed loop.

4. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The divertor cooling circuit includes a divertor, a water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger, and a second working fluid circulation pump; the cooling water outlet of the divertor is connected to the water-side inlet of the water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger, and the water-side outlet of the water-to-heat-oil heat exchanger is connected to the cooling water inlet of the divertor.

5. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat transfer oil storage circuit includes a high-temperature oil tank, a low-temperature oil tank, a high-temperature oil pump, a low-temperature oil pump, and an organic Rankine heat exchanger. The high-temperature oil tank and the low-temperature oil tank are respectively connected between the water-heat transfer oil heat exchanger and the organic Rankine heat exchanger.

6. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit includes an organic Rankine heat exchanger, a second steam turbine, a second generator, a second regenerator, a second condenser, and an organic working fluid pump, which are connected in sequence to form a closed loop.

7. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine power generation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid of the molten salt thermal storage circuit is one or more of nitrate molten salt, chloride salt, and fluoride salt.

8. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working fluid in the heat transfer oil storage circuit is a liquid heat transfer medium that matches the temperature of the divertor cooling water.

9. A nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-temperature molten salt tank and high-temperature oil tank are used to store heat and supply heat to the steam generator and organic Rankine heat exchanger, respectively, in order to reduce the impact of changes in the heat load of the cladding and divertor on the power generation system.

10. A method for operating a nuclear fusion energy system employing a cryogenic divertor organic Rankine power generation as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The heat generated by the cladding is transferred to the molten salt thermal storage circuit via the cladding-molten salt heat exchanger and used to drive the steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit to generate electricity; the heat generated by the divertor is transferred to the thermal oil thermal storage circuit via the water-thermal oil heat exchanger and used to drive the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit to generate electricity; the electricity generated by the steam Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the organic Rankine cycle power generation circuit is jointly transmitted to the common power bus.

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