Transformer active cooling system and method of operating a transformer active cooling system

Abstract

The application discloses a transformer active heat dissipation system and an operation method of the transformer active heat dissipation system, and belongs to the technical field of power equipment heat dissipation. The system comprises a temperature sensor, a refrigeration device and a controller. The temperature sensor is used for detecting the oil temperature of a transformer oil circulation system in real time to obtain the transformer oil temperature. The refrigeration device is used for cooling the transformer oil circulation system. The controller is connected with the temperature sensor and the refrigeration device, and is used for acquiring the transformer oil temperature and controlling the refrigeration device to perform a refrigeration operation in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold. The application processes temperature data in real time, and compares the temperature data with a set threshold accurately, thereby controlling the start and stop of the compressor refrigeration device, realizing intelligent management and efficient heat dissipation of the transformer oil temperature, and significantly improving the operation reliability and service life of the transformer under complex working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power equipment heat dissipation technology, and in particular to an active heat dissipation system for transformers and an operating method for such a system. Background Technology

[0002] Transformers are critical equipment in power systems. During operation, they generate a large amount of heat due to iron and copper losses, causing the transformer oil temperature to rise. Excessive oil temperature accelerates the aging of insulation materials, reduces transformer efficiency, and may even lead to malfunctions. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the transformer.

[0003] Current transformer cooling technologies primarily rely on passive cooling methods, such as natural cooling or forced air cooling. Natural cooling achieves this through heat sinks and oil circulation; however, its cooling efficiency is low, and its response speed is slow, especially in high-temperature environments or under conditions of large load fluctuations, where the oil temperature can easily exceed safe limits. Forced air cooling enhances air convection using fans, but this method is still significantly affected by ambient temperature, and the fans themselves consume a lot of energy. Furthermore, the control logic is relatively simple, typically operating on and off based on a fixed temperature point, making adaptive adjustment impossible, thus leading to insufficient or excessive cooling. These methods suffer from insufficient oil temperature control precision, lag in response, and low cooling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems of insufficient oil temperature control accuracy, slow response and low heat dissipation efficiency in the existing technology, this application mainly provides a transformer active heat dissipation system and an operation method of the transformer active heat dissipation system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the first technical solution adopted in this application is: an active cooling system for a transformer, comprising: a temperature sensor for real-time detection of the transformer oil circulation system to obtain the transformer oil temperature; a cooling device for cooling the transformer oil circulation system; and a controller connected to the temperature sensor and the cooling device to acquire the transformer oil temperature, and in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, controlling the cooling device to perform a cooling operation.

[0006] Optionally, the refrigeration equipment includes: a refrigeration compressor that supplies cooling to the cooling coil; a main power control circuit that controls the refrigeration compressor to start the refrigeration cycle; and cooling coils that exchange heat with the transformer oil circulation system.

[0007] Optionally, the controller includes a relay output module, the internal relay contacts of which are connected in series in the main power control circuit.

[0008] Optionally, when the refrigeration equipment in the controller control room performs refrigeration operation, the contacts of the intermediate relay and contactor connected to the relay output module close to supply power to the main power control circuit and start the refrigeration cycle.

[0009] Optionally, the controller is connected to a communication module that connects to a host computer and / or a touch screen to enable parameter setting and status monitoring.

[0010] Optionally, the controller is configured to perform the following steps: in response to detecting a start signal, determining whether the controller mode is automatic; in response to determining that the controller mode is automatic, acquiring the transformer oil temperature collected by the temperature sensor; determining whether the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold; in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than the preset oil temperature threshold, determining whether the cooling equipment is running; in response to determining that the cooling equipment is not running, starting the cooling equipment and starting a delay timer.

[0011] Optionally, the controller is also configured to: determine whether the cooling equipment is running in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is less than or equal to the difference between a preset oil temperature threshold and the hysteresis; and control the cooling equipment to stop running and activate the shutdown delay protection in response to determining that the cooling equipment is running.

[0012] Optionally, the controller is also configured to: acquire a control signal input by the user in response to determining a non-automatic control mode; and perform control operations on the refrigeration equipment according to the control signal.

[0013] Optionally, the controller is also configured to: perform fault detection on the refrigeration equipment to determine whether the refrigeration equipment has malfunctioned; in response to determining that the refrigeration equipment has malfunctioned, control the refrigeration equipment to stop operating and issue an alarm; and in response to determining that the refrigeration equipment has not malfunctioned, upload the operating status of the refrigeration equipment.

[0014] The second technical solution adopted in this application is: an operation method of an active heat dissipation system for a transformer, which includes: an oil temperature detection step, wherein the transformer oil circulation system is detected in real time to obtain the transformer oil temperature; and a cooling equipment control step, wherein in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, the cooling equipment is controlled to perform a cooling operation, wherein the cooling equipment cools the transformer oil circulation system, and the controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the cooling equipment.

[0015] The beneficial effects that the technical solution of this application can achieve are: when applied, the technical solution of this application processes temperature data in real time and compares it accurately with the set threshold, thereby controlling the start and stop of the compressor refrigeration equipment, realizing intelligent management and efficient heat dissipation of transformer oil temperature, and significantly improving the operational reliability and life of transformer under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of an active cooling system for a transformer according to this application; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment of an active cooling system for a transformer according to this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the operation method of an active cooling system for a transformer according to this application; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the operation method of an active heat dissipation system for a transformer according to this application.

[0018] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The preferred embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of this application can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more definite definition of the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0021] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The specific embodiments described below can be combined with each other to form new embodiments. The same or similar ideas or processes described in one embodiment may not be repeated in other embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of an active cooling system for a transformer according to this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a specific embodiment of an active cooling system for a transformer according to this application.

[0024] Figure 1 The transformer active cooling system shown includes a temperature sensor 101, which performs real-time oil temperature detection on the transformer oil circulation system to obtain the transformer oil temperature.

[0025] In one specific embodiment of this application, the temperature sensor 101 can be an NTC thermistor (Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermistor), specifically a model with a B value of 3950K, R25 = 10KΩ resistance, and 1% accuracy. The temperature sensor 101 can be installed inside the transformer oil cavity or at the outlet pipeline, and its resistance value changes with the oil temperature. This resistance signal is acquired through a dedicated analog input module for the controller (such as the FX1N-3AD programmable logic controller), which converts the resistance signal into a digital temperature value for processing by the controller's internal program.

[0026] Figure 1 The transformer active cooling system shown includes a cooling device 102, which cools the transformer oil circulation system.

[0027] In one specific embodiment of this application, the refrigeration device 102 uses a compressor refrigeration unit to cool down the oil circulation system of the transformer after receiving the refrigeration signal from the controller.

[0028] Optionally, the refrigeration equipment includes: a refrigeration compressor that cools the cooling coil; a main power control circuit that controls the refrigeration compressor to start the refrigeration cycle; and a cooling coil that exchanges heat with the transformer oil circulation system. The cooling coil can be wound around the oil pipes of the transformer oil circulation system. Specifically, upon receiving a refrigeration signal from the controller, the main power control circuit controls the refrigeration compressor to start the refrigeration cycle. The cold air produced by the refrigeration compressor enters the cooling coil, where it exchanges heat with the hot air in the transformer oil circulation system to lower the oil temperature.

[0029] Figure 1 The transformer active cooling system shown includes: a controller 103, which is connected to a temperature sensor and a cooling device to acquire the transformer oil temperature, and controls the cooling device to perform a cooling operation in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold.

[0030] In one specific embodiment of this application, the controller 103 is a Mitsubishi PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). In practice, the controller 103 communicates with the temperature sensor and the refrigeration equipment, receiving information detected by the temperature sensor and controlling the refrigeration equipment. Specifically, the controller 103 runs a dedicated control program that periodically (e.g., once per second) reads real-time temperature data from the analog input module. A preset oil temperature threshold, such as 65°C, is included in the program; the specific value can be adjusted within the range of 50-80°C. A hysteresis (e.g., 5°C) can also be set to prevent frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the equipment. The control logic is as follows: when the collected oil temperature is higher than the preset oil temperature threshold, the controller 103 sets the corresponding output point, controlling the refrigeration equipment to perform a refrigeration operation; when the oil temperature drops below (the preset oil temperature threshold - hysteresis), the controller 103 resets the output point, controlling the refrigeration equipment to stop the refrigeration operation.

[0031] This transformer active cooling system uses an industrial-grade Mitsubishi PLC as its control core, offering strong anti-interference capabilities and stable, reliable operation. High-precision NTC sensors ensure accurate temperature data acquisition. The compressor's start and stop are directly controlled via the PLC's relay outputs, resulting in a simple circuit and reliable execution. The entire system achieves real-time, precise, and automatic control of the transformer oil temperature, significantly improving cooling efficiency and equipment safety.

[0032] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, the controller 103 includes a relay output module, and the internal relay contacts of the relay output module are connected in series in the main power control circuit. The output contact capacity of the relay output module is AC 250V 2A (resistive load), which can directly drive a small contactor to control a high-power refrigeration compressor.

[0033] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the refrigeration equipment in the controller control room performs a refrigeration operation, the contacts of the intermediate relay and contactor connected externally to the relay output module close to supply power to the main power control circuit and start the refrigeration cycle. Specifically, when the controller 103 determines that refrigeration needs to be started, the corresponding output point of the relay output module will be turned on, thereby closing the contacts of the externally connected intermediate relay and contactor to supply power to the main power control circuit and start the refrigeration cycle.

[0034] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, the controller 103 is connected to a communication module, which connects to a host computer and / or a touchscreen to enable parameter setting and status monitoring. The communication module can be an extended FX1N-485ADP. The host computer and / or touchscreen can be human-machine interface units, used to detect user-input parameters and commands to control the controller, and to display the status and parameters of the controller, refrigeration equipment, and transformer. The host computer may include a start button, a stop button, and an emergency stop button, and correspondingly, it can transmit start, stop, and emergency stop signals to the controller via a digital input module. Parameter settings can be input to the controller and the status of the controller, refrigeration equipment, and transformer can be displayed through the host computer and / or touchscreen.

[0035] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, controller 103 is configured to perform the following steps: In response to detecting a start signal, determine whether the controller mode is automatic. The start signal can be a user-input signal to activate the transformer active cooling system. Automatic mode can be a mode where the controller automatically controls the cooling equipment to cool based on the transformer oil temperature. In response to determining that the controller mode is automatic, acquire the transformer oil temperature collected by the temperature sensor. Determine whether the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold; in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than the preset oil temperature threshold, determine whether the cooling equipment is running; in response to determining that the cooling equipment is not running, start the cooling equipment and start a delay timer. Specifically, when it is determined that the transformer oil temperature is greater than the preset oil temperature threshold and the cooling equipment is not running, start the cooling compressor and set the relay output module to conduction, and start the delay timer, delaying for N seconds before starting the compressor. This ensures system high and low pressure balance, preventing the compressor from starting with a pressure differential; auxiliary equipment (fan / pump) is started first to provide operating conditions for the main unit; filter button contacts vibrate to prevent accidental start-up.

[0036] Before the start signal is detected, such as Figure 2 As shown, controller 103 is configured to perform parameter initialization, wherein the initialization parameters may include a preset oil temperature threshold of 65℃, a hysteresis ΔT = 5℃, and a sampling period of 1s. The main program loops and reads the operating status of the refrigeration equipment and the operating mode of the controller.

[0037] Optional, such as Figure 2As shown, controller 103 is further configured to: determine whether the refrigeration equipment is operating in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is less than or equal to the difference between a preset oil temperature threshold and the hysteresis; and control the refrigeration equipment to stop operating and activate shutdown delay protection in response to determining that the refrigeration equipment is operating. Specifically, upon determining that the transformer oil temperature is less than or equal to the difference between the preset oil temperature threshold and the hysteresis, and when the refrigeration equipment is operating, the refrigeration compressor is started and the state of the relay output module is set to open, and the shutdown delay timer is activated. The compressor stops first, and the auxiliary equipment stops after a delay of N seconds. Cooling air / water is used to remove the residual heat from the compressor, avoiding high-temperature heat accumulation; allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant remaining in the condenser to fully condense; and preventing the compressor from carbonizing the lubricating oil due to residual heat.

[0038] By employing a time-delay counter, frequent compressor start-stops are prevented, avoiding mechanical and electrical damage. The startup sequence of auxiliary equipment and the main unit is coordinated to ensure system stability and meet the signal stability requirements of the control system, preventing false triggering. When the transformer oil temperature exceeds the preset oil temperature threshold and the refrigeration equipment is in operation, the refrigeration compressor remains running. The output status of the refrigeration equipment is updated, and the operating indicator light is displayed.

[0039] Optional, such as Figure 2 As shown, the controller 103 is further configured to: acquire a control signal input by the user in response to a determined control mode (non-automatic mode); and execute control operations corresponding to the control information on the refrigeration equipment according to the control signal. The non-automatic mode can be used to control the operation of the refrigeration equipment according to the user's operation instructions. The aforementioned control signal can be to start or stop the refrigeration equipment. Specifically, the controller 103 can acquire a start signal or a stop signal input by the user and control the start and stop of the refrigeration equipment according to the acquired signal.

[0040] Therefore, the controller can use different control modes to control the refrigeration equipment, making it more convenient for users to operate.

[0041] Optional, such as Figure 2As shown, the controller 103 is further configured to: perform fault detection on the refrigeration equipment to determine whether a fault has occurred; in response to determining that a fault has occurred, control the refrigeration equipment to stop operation and issue an alarm; and in response to determining that no fault has occurred, upload the operating status of the refrigeration equipment. The fault can be an emergency stop, overload, or communication timeout. Specifically, the controller 103 can detect whether the refrigeration equipment has experienced an emergency stop, overload, or communication timeout. When an emergency stop, overload, or communication timeout is detected, the fault handling program is initiated, the refrigeration equipment is immediately stopped, and the alarm state is maintained, awaiting a reset signal. Upon receiving the reset signal, the fault state is cleared, and the alarm flag is reset. When no emergency stop, overload, or communication timeout is detected, the status data of the refrigeration equipment is uploaded through the communication module, and modified parameters input by the user are received. The main program loop is then restarted after a 1-second delay.

[0042] Furthermore, optionally, the controller 103 is also configured to: detect whether the transformer oil temperature acquired by the temperature sensor is abnormal. In response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is abnormal, it determines that the temperature sensor is faulty and sets the temperature sensor alarm flag.

[0043] The beneficial effects that the technical solution of this application can achieve are: when applied, the technical solution of this application processes temperature data in real time and compares it accurately with the set threshold, thereby controlling the start and stop of the compressor refrigeration equipment, realizing intelligent management and efficient heat dissipation of transformer oil temperature, and significantly improving the operational reliability and life of transformer under complex working conditions.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the operation method of an active cooling system for a transformer according to this application.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a specific embodiment of the operation method of an active heat dissipation system for a transformer according to this application.

[0046] exist Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the specific embodiment shown, the operation method of the transformer active heat dissipation system mainly includes: oil temperature detection step S301, which performs real-time oil temperature detection on the transformer oil circulation system to obtain the transformer oil temperature; and cooling equipment control step S302, which, in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, controls the cooling equipment to perform a cooling operation, wherein the cooling equipment cools the transformer oil circulation system, and the controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the cooling equipment.

[0047] The operation method of the transformer active cooling system provided in this application can be used to implement the transformer active cooling system described in any of the above embodiments. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0049] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0050] The above are merely embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of this patent application. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. An active cooling system for a transformer, characterized in that, include: A temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time oil temperature of the transformer oil circulation system and obtain the transformer oil temperature. Refrigeration equipment, which cools the transformer oil circulation system; The controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the refrigeration device, and acquires the transformer oil temperature, and controls the refrigeration device to perform a refrigeration operation in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold.

2. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration equipment includes: A refrigeration compressor that supplies cooling to the cooling coils; The main power control circuit controls the refrigeration compressor to start the refrigeration cycle. The cooling coil exchanges heat with the transformer oil circulation system.

3. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The controller includes a relay output module, and the internal relay contacts of the relay output module are connected in series in the main power control circuit.

4. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the refrigeration equipment in the controller control room performs refrigeration operation, the contacts of the intermediate relay and contactor connected to the relay output module close to supply power to the main power control circuit and start the refrigeration cycle.

5. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is connected to a communication module, which is connected to a host computer and / or a touch screen to enable parameter setting and status monitoring.

6. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The controller is configured to perform the following steps: In response to the detection of a start signal, it is determined whether the controller is in automatic mode; In response to determining that the controller is in automatic mode, the transformer oil temperature collected by the temperature sensor is acquired; Determine whether the transformer oil temperature is greater than the preset oil temperature threshold; In response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than the preset oil temperature threshold, it is determined whether the refrigeration equipment is operating; In response to determining that the refrigeration equipment is not running, the refrigeration equipment is started and a delay timer is initiated.

7. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is further configured to: In response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is less than or equal to the difference between the preset oil temperature threshold and the hysteresis, it is determined whether the refrigeration equipment is operating; In response to determining that the refrigeration equipment is running, the refrigeration equipment is controlled to stop running and a shutdown delay protection is initiated.

8. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is further configured to: In response to determining that the control mode is non-automatic, the control signal input by the user is acquired; Based on the control signal, the refrigeration equipment performs control operations corresponding to the control information.

9. The transformer active cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The controller is further configured to: The refrigeration equipment is subjected to fault detection to determine whether the refrigeration equipment has malfunctioned; In response to determining that the refrigeration equipment has malfunctioned, the refrigeration equipment is controlled to stop operating and an alarm is triggered; In response to determining that the refrigeration equipment is not malfunctioning, the operating status of the refrigeration equipment is uploaded.

10. An operating method for an active cooling system for a transformer, characterized in that, include: The oil temperature detection procedure involves real-time detection of the transformer oil circulation system to obtain the transformer oil temperature. The refrigeration equipment control step, in response to determining that the transformer oil temperature is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, controls the refrigeration equipment to perform a refrigeration operation, wherein the refrigeration equipment cools the transformer oil circulation system, and the controller is connected to the temperature sensor and the refrigeration equipment.

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