Dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling

Abstract

The application provides a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, and belongs to the technical field of transformers. The dry-type transformer comprises a core, a coil winding, a first temperature sensor and a cross-flow fan. An air inlet channel is connected to an air inlet. A plurality of refrigeration fins are installed on the outer side of the air inlet channel. The refrigeration fins comprise refrigeration ends. The refrigeration ends of the refrigeration fins are arranged towards the air inlet channel and are connected with cold-lead fins. The cold-lead fins extend into the air inlet channel. The air inlet channel is arranged at the air inlet of the cross-flow fan, and the refrigeration fins are installed on the outer side of the air inlet channel. The cold-lead fins extending into the air inlet channel are used to pre-cool the ambient air entering the fan, so that the air temperature blowing towards the coil winding is significantly lower than the ambient temperature. Therefore, the heat exchange temperature difference between the air and the transformer is effectively increased under high-temperature working conditions, and the heat dissipation efficiency of forced air cooling is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer technology, specifically referring to a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling. Background Technology

[0002] A dry-type transformer is a power transformer whose core and windings are not immersed in insulating oil, but rather dissipate heat through air convection or forced air cooling. It uses solid insulating materials such as epoxy resin instead of traditional transformer oil, fundamentally avoiding the risk of oil leakage. It boasts outstanding advantages such as fire resistance, explosion resistance, no pollution, and maintenance-free operation. Due to its safe and reliable characteristics, dry-type transformers are widely used in high-rise buildings, commercial centers, airports, subways, factory workshops, offshore wind power platforms, and energy storage power stations—locations with high fire protection and environmental protection requirements.

[0003] Dry-type transformers typically employ a combination of natural air cooling and forced air cooling. Under natural cooling conditions, heat is dissipated mainly through convection and radiation via pre-reserved vertical air channels inside the windings and the surface of the core. When the temperature is too high, the fan automatically starts to achieve forced air cooling, thereby effectively coping with short-term overload demands and ensuring that the equipment can maintain stable and reliable operation under extreme conditions.

[0004] Currently, dry-type transformers widely use cross-flow (through-flow) cooling fans to dissipate heat from the transformer by forcibly driving ambient air. However, when the ambient temperature is high, the air pumped by the fan is also hot, resulting in a small temperature difference between the air and the transformer. In this situation, simply increasing the airflow rate to enhance heat dissipation is insufficient to rapidly reduce the transformer temperature in a short time, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-temperature environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, so as to at least partially solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention proposes a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, comprising: An iron core on which multiple sets of coil windings are installed, and a first temperature sensor is installed on each set of coil windings; A crossflow fan is located below the coil windings and is arranged parallel to the arrangement direction of the multiple sets of coil windings. The crossflow fan has an air outlet and an air inlet, with the air outlet facing the coil windings. The air inlet is connected to an air intake channel, and multiple cooling plates are installed on the outside of the air intake channel. Each cooling plate includes a cooling end, which is positioned facing the air intake channel and connected to a cooling guide plate. The cooling guide plate extends into the air intake channel. The fins of the cooling plate are arranged parallel to the airflow direction within the air intake channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the cooling chip includes a heating end, and the heating end of the cooling chip is connected to a heat-conducting plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a water tank is installed at the heating end of the cooling chip, the heat-conducting plate extends into the water tank, and the water tank is filled with a cooling medium.

[0009] Furthermore, a first mounting port is provided on the side of the air intake channel corresponding to the cooling plate, and the cooling plate extends into the air intake channel through the first mounting port.

[0010] Furthermore, a first sealing element is provided at the connection between the cooling plate and the air intake channel to seal the gap between the cooling plate and the air intake channel.

[0011] Furthermore, a second mounting port is provided on the side of the water tank corresponding to the heat-conducting plate, and the heat-conducting plate extends into the water tank through the second mounting port.

[0012] Furthermore, a second sealing element is provided at the connection between the heat-conducting plate and the water tank to seal the gap between the heat-conducting plate and the water tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the water tank is connected to two water pipes, which are located at both ends of the water tank. The two water pipes are respectively connected to the outlet pipe and return pipe of the external cooling medium conveying equipment, so that the cooling medium in the water tank can circulate.

[0014] Furthermore, a second temperature sensor is installed on the water tank, which can detect the temperature of the cooling medium in the water tank in real time. The second temperature sensor is connected to the external cooling medium delivery device and is configured such that when the temperature of the cooling medium exceeds a preset value, the second temperature sensor sends a signal to control the external cooling medium delivery device to start, so that the cooling medium in the water tank circulates; when the temperature is lower than the preset value, the external cooling medium delivery device is turned off.

[0015] Furthermore, the first temperature sensor is signal-connected to the crossflow fan and configured such that: when the temperature of the coil winding exceeds a preset value, the first temperature sensor sends a signal to control the crossflow fan to start; and when the temperature of the coil winding is lower than the preset value, the crossflow fan is turned off.

[0016] Beneficial effects: 1. By setting an air intake channel at the air inlet of the crossflow fan and installing cooling plates on the outside of the air intake channel, the ambient air entering the fan is pre-cooled by the cooling plates extending into the air intake channel, so that the temperature of the air blown towards the coil winding is significantly lower than the ambient temperature. This effectively increases the heat exchange temperature difference between the air and the transformer under high-temperature conditions, and greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of forced air cooling.

[0017] 2. By setting a first temperature sensor on the coil winding to control the start and stop of the crossflow fan and the cooling chip, adaptive management of the two cooling systems based on the coil winding temperature is achieved, ensuring that each cooling link operates only when needed, and reducing energy consumption while ensuring heat dissipation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, as proposed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the crossflow fan, air intake duct, and water tank in a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, as proposed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a crossflow fan, air intake duct, and water tank in a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, as proposed in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the crossflow fan, air intake channel, cooling plate, cooling plate, heat-conducting plate, and water tank in a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, as proposed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. Iron core; 11. Coil winding; 2. First temperature sensor; 3. Crossflow fan; 301. Air outlet; 302. Air inlet; 4. Air inlet channel; 401. First mounting port; 5. Cooling chip; 51. Cooling plate; 52. Heat-conducting plate; 6. Water tank; 601. Second mounting port; 61. Water pipe; 62. Second temperature sensor.

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the embodiments and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments for explanation and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments.

[0023] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, including an iron core 1, multiple sets of coil windings 11, a first temperature sensor 2, a crossflow fan 3, an air intake channel 4, a cooling element 5, and a water tank 6.

[0024] The core 1, as the magnetic circuit part of the transformer, is usually made of stacked silicon steel sheets with high magnetic permeability. Multiple sets of coil windings 11 are installed on the core 1. The coil windings 11 are the circuit part of the transformer, made of insulated wires, and are the main heat source of the transformer. Each set of coil windings 11 is equipped with a first temperature sensor 2. The first temperature sensor 2 is preferably a thermocouple or a thermistor. Its probe is attached to the surface of the coil winding 11 or embedded in the winding, and is used to monitor the operating temperature of the coil winding 11 in real time.

[0025] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the crossflow fan 3 is located below the coil winding 11 and is arranged parallel to the arrangement direction of the multiple coil windings 11.

[0026] The impeller of the crossflow fan 3 is perpendicular to the air outlet direction, which can generate a wide airflow that is evenly distributed along the length of the impeller. The crossflow fan 3 is provided with an air outlet 301 and an air inlet 302, with the air outlet 301 facing the coil winding 11.

[0027] The first temperature sensor 2 is connected to the crossflow fan 3. The first temperature sensor 2 detects the temperature of the coil winding 11 in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the control circuit (or independent controller) of the crossflow fan 3.

[0028] Thus, when the temperature of the coil winding 11 exceeds the preset value, the first temperature sensor 2 sends a control signal to start the crossflow fan 3. After the crossflow fan 3 starts, air enters through the air inlet 302, is driven by the impeller, and is sent out through the air outlet 301, forming a uniform airflow covering multiple coil windings 11, and begins forced air cooling. When the temperature of the coil winding 11 is lower than the preset value, the crossflow fan 3 is turned off and returns to the natural cooling state. This control logic ensures that the crossflow fan 3 only operates when needed, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and noise.

[0029] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the crossflow fan 3 has an air inlet duct 4 connected to the air inlet 302. The air inlet duct 4 has a tubular structure, with one end connected to the air inlet 302 and the other end being an air inlet leading to the external environment. The interior of the air inlet duct 4 forms a channel through which air flows.

[0030] Furthermore, multiple cooling chips 5 are installed on the outer side of the air intake channel 4. These cooling chips 5 are semiconductor cooling chips; when energized, one side (cooling end) absorbs heat and cools down, while the other side (heating end) releases heat and heats up. Each cooling chip 5 includes a cooling end and a heating end. The cooling end faces the air intake channel 4 and is connected to a cooling fin 51, which extends into the air intake channel 4. The cooling fin 51 is typically made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity and has a finned structure to increase the contact area with air.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the fins of the cooling fin 51 are arranged parallel to the airflow direction within the air inlet channel 4, that is, the extension direction of the fins is consistent with the airflow direction. This arrangement allows the air to flow along the fin direction when passing through the cooling fin 51, resulting in low flow resistance and no significant wind pressure loss. Secondly, the parallel alignment of the fins with the airflow direction can prevent the formation of vortices and turbulence on the back of the fins, ensuring smooth ventilation of the flow channel. Furthermore, the fin structure, while parallel to the airflow direction, still has a large surface area, enabling sufficient heat exchange with the flowing air and efficiently transferring cooling capacity to the air.

[0032] A first mounting port 401 is provided on the side of the air intake channel 4 corresponding to the cooling plate 51. The cooling plate 51 extends into the air intake channel 4 through the first mounting port 401. The size of the first mounting port 401 matches the cross-sectional size of the cooling plate 51, which facilitates the insertion and fixing of the cooling plate 51.

[0033] A first seal (not shown in the figure) is provided at the connection between the cooling plate 51 and the air intake channel 4. The first seal is preferably a rubber sealing ring or a silicone sealing gasket, and is provided around the first mounting port 401. The first seal is used to seal the gap between the cooling plate 51 and the air intake channel 4 to prevent cold air from leaking into the air intake channel 4.

[0034] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the heating end of the cooling chip 5 is connected to a heat-conducting plate 52. The heat-conducting plate 52 is also made of a metal material with good thermal conductivity. Its function is to quickly dissipate the heat generated by the heating end of the cooling chip 5 and prevent the heating end temperature from becoming too high.

[0035] Furthermore, a water tank 6 is installed at the heating end of the cooling chip 5, and the heat-conducting plate 52 extends into the water tank 6. The water tank 6 is a sealed container made of metal or corrosion-resistant material. The water tank 6 is filled with a cooling medium, preferably water or heat-conducting oil, which has a high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity. The heat-conducting plate 52 is immersed in the cooling medium to transfer the heat from the heating end to the cooling medium.

[0036] A second mounting port 601 is provided on the side of the water tank 6 corresponding to the heat-conducting plate 52. The heat-conducting plate 52 extends into the water tank 6 through the second mounting port 601. The size of the second mounting port 601 matches the cross-sectional size of the heat-conducting plate 52.

[0037] A second seal (not shown in the figure) is provided at the connection between the heat-conducting plate 52 and the water tank 6. The second seal is preferably a rubber sealing ring or a silicone sealing gasket, and is provided around the second mounting port 601. The second seal is used to seal the gap between the heat-conducting plate 52 and the water tank 6 to prevent the cooling medium in the water tank 6 from leaking from the mounting gap.

[0038] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the water tank 6 is connected to two water pipes 61. The two water pipes 61 are respectively located at both ends of the water tank 6. The two water pipes 61 are used to connect to the outlet pipe and return pipe of the external cooling medium conveying equipment, respectively.

[0039] Thus, after the external cooling medium delivery equipment is started, the cooling medium flows into the water tank 6 from one water pipe 61, absorbs the heat transferred by the heat conduction plate 52, and then flows out from another water pipe 61. After being cooled by the external cooling equipment (such as a radiator or cooling tower), it flows back into the water tank 6, thereby realizing the circulation and continuous cooling of the cooling medium.

[0040] By placing two water pipes 61 at opposite ends of the water tank 6, the cooling medium can form a directional flow from one end to the other within the water tank 6, avoiding the generation of dead zones and ensuring the uniformity of the cooling medium temperature in all areas of the water tank 6.

[0041] Furthermore, a second temperature sensor 62 is installed on the water tank 6. The second temperature sensor 62 is used to detect the temperature of the cooling medium in the water tank 6 in real time. The second temperature sensor 62 is connected to the external cooling medium delivery equipment.

[0042] Thus, when the temperature of the cooling medium exceeds the preset value, the second temperature sensor 62 sends a control signal to start the external cooling medium delivery device, so that the cooling medium in the water tank 6 circulates to accelerate heat dissipation. When the temperature of the cooling medium is lower than the preset value, the external cooling medium delivery device is turned off. This control logic ensures that the cooling medium circulation system only operates when needed, reducing energy consumption.

[0043] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When the transformer is operating normally and the temperature is low, the crossflow fan 3 is in the off state, and the transformer relies on natural air cooling for heat dissipation. At this time, the cooling element 5 and the external cooling medium delivery equipment are also in standby mode, and the energy consumption of the entire system is extremely low.

[0044] When the transformer load increases or the ambient temperature rises, causing the temperature of the coil winding 11 to rise to the first preset value, the first temperature sensor 2 sends a signal to start the crossflow fan 3. After the crossflow fan 3 starts, air enters through the air inlet 302, is driven by the impeller, and is sent out through the air outlet 301, forming a uniform airflow covering multiple sets of coil windings 11, and begins forced air cooling. When the temperature of the coil winding 11 is lower than the preset value, the crossflow fan 3 is turned off and the natural cooling state is restored. This control logic ensures that the crossflow fan 3 only runs when needed, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and noise.

[0045] If the temperature of the coil winding 11 rises to the second preset value (the temperature of the second preset value is greater than the temperature of the first preset value, i.e., the temperature is higher), the cooling chip 5 is powered on and generates a low temperature at its cooling end. The cooling energy is transferred to the interior of the air intake channel 4 through the cooling plate 51. Before entering the crossflow fan 3, the ambient air flows through the air intake channel 4 and exchanges heat with the cooling plate 51, and the air temperature is significantly reduced. The pre-cooled low-temperature air is then sent out from the air outlet 301 by the crossflow fan 3 and blown toward the surface of the coil winding 11. Due to the large temperature difference between the low-temperature air and the high-temperature coil winding 11, the heat exchange driving force is strong and can quickly remove the heat from the winding, achieving efficient heat dissipation.

[0046] Meanwhile, the heat generated by the heating end of the cooling chip 5 is transferred to the cooling medium in the water tank 6 via the heat conduction plate 52. When the temperature of the cooling medium rises to the preset value, the second temperature sensor 62 sends a signal to start the external cooling medium delivery device, so that the cooling medium circulates between the water tank 6 and the external cooling device, dissipating the heat to the external environment and ensuring that the heating end of the cooling chip 5 is always within a suitable operating temperature range.

[0047] When the temperature of the coil winding 11 drops below the second preset value, the first temperature sensor 2 sends a signal to shut down the cooling chip 5, and only the crossflow fan 3 supplies air for cooling. When the temperature of the coil winding 11 drops below the first preset value, the first temperature sensor 2 sends a signal to shut down the crossflow fan 3, and the transformer returns to natural cooling. When the temperature of the cooling medium in the water tank 6 drops below the preset value, the external cooling medium delivery equipment is shut down.

[0048] In summary, by setting an air intake channel 4 at the air inlet 302 of the crossflow fan 3 and installing a cooling plate 5 on the outside of the air intake channel 4, the ambient air entering the fan is pre-cooled by the cooling plate 51 extending into the air intake channel 4, so that the air temperature blown toward the coil winding 11 is significantly lower than the ambient temperature. This effectively increases the heat exchange temperature difference between the air and the transformer under high-temperature conditions, and greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of forced air cooling.

[0049] By setting a first temperature sensor 2 on the coil winding 11 to control the start and stop of the crossflow fan 3 and the cooling chip 5, adaptive management of the two cooling systems based on the coil winding temperature is achieved, ensuring that each cooling link operates only when needed, and reducing energy consumption while ensuring heat dissipation effect.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0051] The embodiments have been described above, and such description is not restrictive. The figures shown are only one embodiment, and the actual structure is not limited to this. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this description and designs a similar structure and embodiment without departing from the inventive spirit, such design should fall within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling, characterized in that, include: Iron core (1), on which multiple sets of coil windings (11) are installed, and each set of coil windings (11) is equipped with a first temperature sensor (2). A crossflow fan (3) is located below the coil winding (11) and is arranged parallel to the arrangement direction of the multiple coil windings (11). The crossflow fan (3) is provided with an air outlet (301) and an air inlet (302). The air outlet (301) is set towards the coil winding (11). The air inlet (302) is connected to an air intake channel (4), and multiple cooling plates (5) are installed on the outside of the air intake channel (4). Each cooling plate (5) includes a cooling end. The cooling end of the cooling plate (5) is positioned facing the air intake channel (4) and connected to a cooling plate (51). The cooling plate (51) extends into the air intake channel (4). The fins of the cooling plate (51) are arranged parallel to the airflow direction in the air inlet channel (4).

2. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling chip (5) includes a heating end, and the heating end of the cooling chip (5) is connected to a heat-conducting plate (52).

3. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating end of the cooling chip (5) is equipped with a water tank (6), the heat-conducting plate (52) extends into the water tank (6), and the water tank (6) is filled with a cooling medium.

4. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake channel (4) has a first mounting port (401) on the side corresponding to the cooling plate (51), and the cooling plate (51) extends into the air intake channel (4) through the first mounting port (401).

5. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing element is provided at the connection between the cooling plate (51) and the air intake channel (4) to seal the gap between the cooling plate (51) and the air intake channel (4).

6. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water tank (6) has a second mounting port (601) on the side corresponding to the heat-conducting plate (52), and the heat-conducting plate (52) extends into the water tank (6) through the second mounting port (601).

7. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second sealing element is provided at the connection between the heat-conducting plate (52) and the water tank (6) to seal the gap between the heat-conducting plate (52) and the water tank (6).

8. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the water tank (6) is connected to two water pipes (61), which are located at both ends of the water tank (6). The two water pipes (61) are connected to the outlet pipe and return pipe of the external cooling medium conveying equipment, respectively, so that the cooling medium in the water tank (6) circulates.

9. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second temperature sensor (62) is installed on the water tank (6), and the second temperature sensor (62) can detect the temperature of the cooling medium in the water tank (6) in real time; The second temperature sensor (62) is connected to the external cooling medium delivery device and is configured such that when the temperature of the cooling medium exceeds the preset value, the second temperature sensor (62) sends a signal to control the external cooling medium delivery device to start, so that the cooling medium in the water tank (6) circulates; when the temperature is lower than the preset value, the external cooling medium delivery device is turned off.

10. The dry-type transformer based on adaptive cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature sensor (2) is connected to the crossflow fan (3) and configured to: when the temperature of the coil winding (11) exceeds the preset value, the first temperature sensor (2) sends a signal to control the crossflow fan (3) to start; when the temperature of the coil winding (11) is lower than the preset value, the crossflow fan (3) is turned off.

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