Outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnector integrated with intelligent sensing and detection structure

Abstract

The application discloses an outdoor extra-high voltage three-phase disconnecting switch integrated with an intelligent sensing and detecting structure, which comprises two support column assemblies, a three-phase shared base cross beam is fixedly connected to the top of the two support column assemblies, a plurality of three-phase base vertical beams which are equidistantly distributed are fixedly connected to the top of the three-phase shared base cross beam, two rod-type support post insulators are arranged above each three-phase base vertical beam, and outgoing line terminals are fixedly connected to the top of the two rod-type support post insulators. The transmission assembly is driven by a motor to drive an insulating rod, and a multi-stage connecting rod mechanism composed of a first rotating disc, a first connecting rod, a second rotating disc, a second connecting rod and a swing arm is used to convert rotary motion into synchronous reverse rotation of each group of rod-type support post insulators, and the three-phase mechanical linkage is realized by combining the connecting rods, so that synchronous closing and opening operations are completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultra-high voltage switchgear technology, and in particular to an outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure. Background Technology

[0002] In ultra-high voltage power transmission systems, three-phase disconnect switches are key on / off control devices, and their synchronization and reliability are directly related to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. In application scenarios such as outdoor ultra-high voltage substations, disconnect switches need to withstand harsh environmental conditions such as wind vibration, icing, and temperature changes for a long time, while also meeting the stringent requirements for electrical insulation and mechanical linkage under ultra-high voltage levels.

[0003] Existing outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switches typically use rigid connecting rods to achieve mechanical linkage between the three phases to ensure the synchronicity of opening and closing operations. However, in actual operation, this rigid linkage structure has significant drawbacks: when one or two phases experience delayed or obstructed operation due to contact wear, mechanism jamming, icing resistance, or other factors, the rigid connecting rods will transmit unbalanced torque to the remaining phases, causing force distortion in the entire three-phase linkage system. This force distortion not only exacerbates fatigue damage to transmission components but, more seriously, leads to severe deterioration of the synchronicity of the opening and closing of the three-phase contacts, resulting in excessively long arcing times or incomplete phase operation, thereby threatening the insulation safety and system stability of the power grid. Therefore, we designed an outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing detection structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the defects of existing outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switches, such as force interference caused by rigid connecting rods, poor synchronization of three-phase opening and closing, and easy damage to the transmission mechanism. Therefore, this invention proposes an outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure includes:

[0007] The system includes two support column assemblies, both of which are fixedly connected to a three-phase common base beam at their tops. Multiple three-phase base vertical beams, evenly spaced, are fixedly connected to the top of the common base beam. Each three-phase base vertical beam has two rod-type post insulators above it. Each rod-type post insulator has a terminal block fixedly connected to its top. One of the terminal blocks has a stationary contact assembly fixedly connected to its end near the other terminal block, while the opposite end of the other terminal block has a moving contact that mates with the stationary contact assembly. A fixed beam assembly is mounted on one of the support column assemblies, and the fixed beam assembly has a transmission assembly and a swing assembly. The disconnect switch also integrates multiple sets of intelligent sensing units for collecting multi-dimensional status data of the equipment operation.

[0008] Preferably, the support column assembly includes a ground support column, a column mounting flange base plate, and a column mounting flange top plate. The bottom of the ground support column is fixedly connected to the column mounting flange base plate, the top of the ground support column is fixedly connected to the column mounting flange top plate, and the top of the column mounting flange top plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-phase common base beam.

[0009] Preferably, four threaded mounting holes are provided at the four corners of the column mounting flange base plate.

[0010] Preferably, the fixed beam assembly includes a fixed steel plate and a clamp assembly. The clamp assembly consists of two semi-circular clamps, which are fitted onto the outer wall of the ground support column and fixed together by bolts and nuts. The fixed steel plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the semi-circular clamps.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a motor fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed steel plate, an insulating rod fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, a first rotating disk and a second rotating disk fixedly connected to the bottom of two rod-type support insulators above the same three-phase base vertical beam, the first rotating disk and the second rotating disk being rotatably connected to a first connecting rod, the second rotating disk being rotatably connected to a second connecting rod, the second connecting rod being rotatably connected to a swing arm, a fixed seat fixedly connected to the side wall of the three-phase base vertical beam, and the bottom of the swing arm being rotatably connected to the top of the fixed seat through a bearing.

[0012] Preferably, both the first and second rotating disks are rotatably connected to the top of the three-phase base vertical beam, the insulating rod passes through the three-phase base vertical beam and is rotatably connected to it, and the insulating rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the first rotating disk.

[0013] Preferably, the three second rotating disks are connected to a connecting rod for rotation. The surface of the connecting rod is integrated with a torsional stress sensing unit. The torsional stress sensing unit adopts a fiber optic strain gauge structure and is used to collect the rod torque load data in real time during the three-phase linkage process.

[0014] Preferably, the swing assembly includes a hydraulic rod rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed steel plate, an insulating column rotatably connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod, a rotating column fixedly connected to the end of the insulating column away from the hydraulic rod, and two symmetrically arranged limiting seats fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the three-phase base vertical beams, with the rotating column passing through each limiting seat and rotatably connected to it.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the rotating column is fixedly connected with three grounding blades that are evenly spaced, and the bottom of each of the three moving contacts is fixedly connected with a blade holder. The three grounding blades are arranged in conjunction with the blade holders.

[0016] Preferably, a contact resistance sensing module is embedded in the contact clamping part of the stationary contact assembly, and a passive wireless temperature sensor is embedded inside the conductive rod of the moving contact; the two together constitute the main circuit contact status monitoring unit. A surface leakage current sensor and an attitude sensor are installed at the root of the low-voltage end shed of the rod-type post insulator. The surface leakage current sensor is used to collect data on the leakage current due to pollution on the surface of the insulator to predict the risk of insulation flashover, and the attitude sensor collects the rotation angle of the insulator. A micro-meteorological sensing unit is installed in the middle of the top surface of the three-phase common base beam, integrating wind speed and direction. The system includes functions for detecting ambient temperature, humidity, and icing thickness, used to simultaneously collect outdoor environmental parameters. An angle displacement sensor is installed at the rotational connection between the swing arm and the fixed base, and a speed and torque sensor is provided at the output end of the motor. Together, they form a monitoring link for the transmission mechanism's operational accuracy and jamming status. A grounding position detection sensor is embedded inside the tool holder to verify the reliable engagement of the grounding knife with the tool holder. An edge computing gateway module is installed on the side wall of the fixed steel plate; data from all sensing units is aggregated to the edge computing gateway module, processed locally, and then uploaded to the substation monitoring platform.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. By integrating a torsional stress sensing unit on the connecting rod, the torque changes of the three-phase transmission chain during the opening and closing process can be monitored in real time. Once abnormal force caused by jamming of a certain phase is detected, the system can issue an early warning and feed back to the control terminal in a timely manner, which is convenient for maintenance personnel to intervene proactively, reduce the impact of unbalanced torque of rigid linkage structure on other phases, and alleviate the risk of fatigue damage to the transmission mechanism. In conjunction with the motor end speed and torque sensor and the swing arm angle and displacement sensor, the status perception of all nodes of the transmission chain can be formed, the specific location of jamming and wear faults can be located, and the efficiency of fault diagnosis can be improved.

[0019] 2. The transmission assembly is set up to drive the insulating rod through a motor. The multi-stage linkage mechanism consisting of the first rotating disk, the first connecting rod, the second rotating disk, the second connecting rod, and the swing arm converts the rotational motion into synchronous reverse rotation of each group of rod-type post insulators. Combined with the connecting rod, it realizes the mechanical linkage of three phases. The structure is compact and the transmission efficiency is high, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the action.

[0020] 3. In the swing assembly, the hydraulic rod drives the rotating column to rotate smoothly within the limit seat through the insulating column, causing multiple grounding blades to engage with the blade holder at the bottom of the moving contact, thus achieving safe grounding of the main circuit after the circuit is opened. The insulating column ensures electrical isolation between the operating mechanism and the high-voltage side, ensuring the safety of maintenance personnel. In conjunction with the grounding position detection sensor inside the blade holder, the reliable completion of the grounding action can be confirmed remotely without the need for manual on-site verification, improving the safety and efficiency of operation and maintenance.

[0021] 4. The overall structure adopts a frame layout with a three-phase common base beam and multiple three-phase base vertical beams, combined with ground support columns and flange connections. It has sufficient rigidity and good seismic resistance. All phase-to-phase insulation distances are designed according to UHV standards, and the fixed beam components adopt clamp installation, which does not require drilling holes in the columns. This ensures the strength of the columns and allows for flexible adjustment, making it very suitable for long-term operation in complex outdoor environments.

[0022] 5. Through a multi-dimensional sensing layout that includes contact temperature and contact resistance monitoring, insulator leakage current monitoring, and on-site micro-meteorological monitoring, combined with the local intelligent processing capabilities of the edge computing gateway, a fully perceptive intelligent detection system has been constructed. This system can provide early warnings for various faults such as contact overheating, insulation degradation, mechanism jamming, and environmental anomalies, thus meeting the construction requirements of UHV intelligent substations.

[0023] In summary, this invention, through the rational layout of the transmission and swing mechanism, combined with the intelligent sensing and detection unit, achieves the synchronization and status monitoring of three-phase opening and closing, while providing reliable grounding protection. It has strong overall structural integrity and is suitable for the harsh operating environment of ultra-high voltage outdoor substations. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of an outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of an outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a first schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure proposed in this invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1 Support column assembly, 2 Three-phase common base crossbeam, 3 Three-phase base vertical beam, 4 Rod-type post insulator, 5 Outgoing terminal block, 6 Static contact assembly, 7 Moving contact, 8 Fixed beam assembly, 9 Transmission assembly, 10 Swing assembly, 11 Ground support column, 12 Column mounting flange base plate, 13 Column mounting flange top plate, 81 Fixed steel plate, 82 Clamp assembly, 901 Motor, 902 Insulating rod, 903 First rotating disk, 904 First connecting rod, 905 Second rotating disk, 906 Second connecting rod, 907 Swing arm, 908 Fixed seat, 909 Connecting pole, 101 Hydraulic rod, 102 Insulating column, 103 Rotating column, 104 Limit seat, 105 Grounding knife, 106 Knife holder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-4 An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure includes two support column assemblies 1. The top of the two support column assemblies 1 is fixedly connected to a three-phase common base beam 2. The three-phase common base beam 2 serves as a load-bearing platform, connecting the two independent support columns into an integral frame, thereby enhancing the seismic resistance and stability of the overall structure. On the top of the three-phase common base beam 2, multiple three-phase base vertical beams 3 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to support the three independent switch units, ensuring that the electrical clearance between phases meets the UHV insulation requirements. An integrated micro-meteorological sensing unit is installed in the middle of the top surface of the three-phase common base beam 2, which can simultaneously collect parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, ambient temperature, humidity, and conductor ice thickness, providing data support for equipment operation assessment and de-icing and windproofing plans under extreme weather conditions.

[0031] Above each three-phase base vertical beam 3, two rod-type post insulators 4 are installed to provide insulation to ground and support the conductive components above. High-precision surface leakage current sensors and attitude sensors are installed at the base of the low-voltage end sheds of the rod-type post insulators 4. The surface leakage current sensor continuously collects microampere-level leakage current generated on the insulator surface due to dirt and moisture. Combined with ambient temperature and humidity data, it can assess the degree of insulator contamination and provide early warning of insulation flashover risks. The attitude sensor is an optical sensor used to collect the rotation angle of the disconnector switch, determining whether the disconnector switch is in the closed or open position. Each of the two rod-type post insulators 4 has a fixed terminal block 5 at its top for connecting external incoming and outgoing conductors. One terminal block 5 has a stationary contact assembly 6 fixedly connected to one end near the other, while the other terminal block 5 has a stationary contact assembly 6 fixedly connected to the other end. A moving contact 7, which mates with a stationary contact assembly 6, is fixedly connected to the opposite end of the terminal block 5. The insertion and separation of the moving contact 7 and the stationary contact assembly 6 realizes the switching of the main circuit. A miniature contact resistance sensing module is embedded in the contact clamping part of the stationary contact assembly 6, which uses the four-wire method to collect the contact resistance value in real time. A passive wireless SAW temperature sensor is embedded inside the conductive rod of the moving contact 7, which can collect the contact temperature data without contact under high voltage and live conditions. Together, they realize online monitoring of the status of the core contact parts of the main circuit and timely detect the overheating potential caused by contact wear and insufficient contact pressure. A fixed beam assembly 8 is installed on any one of the support column assemblies 1. The fixed beam assembly 8 provides a reliable mounting base for the transmission assembly 9 and the swing assembly 10, so that the operating mechanism maintains a reasonable electrical isolation distance from the main circuit.

[0032] The support column assembly 1 includes a ground support column 11, a column mounting flange base plate 12, and a column mounting flange top plate 13. The bottom of the ground support column 11 is fixedly connected to the column mounting flange base plate 12, and the top of the ground support column 11 is fixedly connected to the column mounting flange top plate 13. The top of the column mounting flange top plate 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-phase common base beam 2. The connection between the upper and lower flanges facilitates on-site hoisting and leveling. Four threaded mounting holes are provided at the four corners of the column mounting flange base plate 12 for firmly fixing the entire machine to the concrete foundation or steel structure base with anchor bolts.

[0033] The fixed beam assembly 8 includes a fixed steel plate 81 and a clamp assembly 82. The clamp assembly 82 consists of two semi-circular clamps, which are fitted onto the outer wall of the ground support column 11 and fixed together with bolts and nuts. This clamp-type installation method does not require drilling holes in the column, which ensures the mechanical strength of the column and allows for flexible adjustment of the installation height. The fixed steel plate 81 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the semi-circular clamps to form a cantilever installation platform.

[0034] The transmission assembly 9 includes a motor 901 fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed steel plate 81, and an insulating rod 902 fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 901. The insulating rod 902 is driven to rotate by the motor 901, and while transmitting torque, it also provides electrical isolation, separating the low-voltage control side from the high-voltage side potential. The bottoms of the two rod-type support insulators 4 above the same three-phase base vertical beam 3 are respectively fixedly connected to a first rotating disk 903 and a second rotating disk 905. The first rotating disk 903 and the second rotating disk 905 are rotatably connected to a first connecting rod 904, forming a first four-bar linkage. The second rotating disk 905 is rotatably connected to a second... Link 906 and second link 906 are rotatably connected to swing arm 907, forming a second four-bar linkage; a fixed seat 908 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the three-phase base vertical beam 3, and the bottom of swing arm 907 and the top of fixed seat 908 are rotatably connected by bearings, forming a complete crank-rocker transmission chain, which converts the rotational motion of motor 901 into synchronous rotational motion of two rod-type post insulators 4 in opposite directions; the first rotating disk 903 and the second rotating disk 905 are both rotatably connected to the top of the three-phase base vertical beam 3, and the insulating rod 902 passes through the three-phase base vertical beam 3 and is rotatably connected to it, and the insulating rod 902 is connected to the first rotating disk 905. 03. Coaxial fixed connection to ensure direct torque transmission; three second rotating disks 905 are rotatably connected to a connecting rod 909, which rigidly connects the three-phase transmission system to achieve mechanical linkage of the three-phase switches; the connecting rod 909 integrates a torsional stress sensing unit, which can be a strain gauge or fiber optic grating torque sensor, used to detect torque differences during three-phase linkage in real time. When a phase experiences abnormally increased resistance due to jamming, icing, or contact wear, the sensing unit can immediately detect the sudden change in torsional stress and transmit the signal to the background monitoring system, providing early warning for maintenance personnel; the torsional stress sensing unit... The unit connects to the back-end monitoring system via fiber optic communication. The back-end monitoring system has a preset torque threshold. When the torque difference between the three phases collected by the sensing unit exceeds the preset threshold, the monitoring system outputs a warning alarm signal to remind maintenance personnel that there is a jamming, icing, or abnormal contact fault in the mechanism. At the same time, the output end of the motor 901 is equipped with a speed and torque sensor, and the rotational hinge of the swing arm 907 and the fixed seat 908 is equipped with a high-precision angle displacement sensor. The three form a state perception network of the entire transmission chain, which can not only monitor the synchronicity of the three-phase linkage, but also identify mechanical defects such as excessive transmission clearance, bearing jamming, and connecting rod deformation.

[0035] The swing assembly 10 includes a hydraulic rod 101 rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed steel plate 81. An insulating column 102 is rotatably connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod 101. The insulating column 102 is made of high-bending-resistance epoxy composite material. The hydraulic rod 101 adopts an outdoor leak-proof sealing structure. A rotating column 103 is fixedly connected to the end of the insulating column 102 away from the hydraulic rod 101. Two symmetrically arranged limiting seats 104 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each three-phase base vertical beam 3. The rotating column 103 passes through each limiting seat 104 and is rotatably connected to it. The limiting seats 104 radially and horizontally limit the rotating column 103. Axial limiting ensures smooth rotation; three equally spaced grounding blades 105 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating column 103, and blade holders 106 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the three moving contacts 7. The three grounding blades 105 and blade holders 106 are arranged in conjunction to ground the main circuit in the open state to ensure maintenance safety. A contact-type grounding position detection sensor is embedded in the inner side of the blade holder 106. When the grounding blade 105 is fully inserted into the blade holder 106 and reaches the rated contact pressure, the sensor outputs a position confirmation signal, which can remotely verify the grounding reliability and avoid the safety risks caused by incomplete connection.

[0036] An outdoor edge computing gateway module is installed in the side wall of the fixed steel plate 81. Data collected by all sensing units is aggregated to the gateway via shielded signal lines or wireless means. The gateway has a built-in fault diagnosis algorithm that can automatically judge and classify warnings for operating conditions such as abnormal torque, excessive temperature rise, excessive leakage current, and deviation of operating angle. Finally, the status data and alarm information are uploaded to the substation integrated monitoring platform to realize full-domain visualization and intelligent operation and maintenance management of equipment operating status.

[0037] In this invention, the closing operation process is as follows: the output end of the motor 901 rotates, driving the insulating rod 902 to rotate; the insulating rod 902 drives the first rotating disk 903 to rotate synchronously, the first rotating disk 903 drives the second rotating disk 905 to rotate through the first connecting rod 904, and then drives the swing arm 907 to swing around the fixed base 908 through the second connecting rod 906, realizing that the rod-type post insulator 4 where the moving contact 7 is located and the rod-type post insulator 4 where the stationary contact assembly 6 is located rotate in opposite directions; at the same time, the rotation of the second rotating disk 905 drives the connecting rod 909 to move laterally, thereby driving the other two The second rotating disk 905 of each phase rotates synchronously, causing the two rod-type post insulators 4 of each phase to rotate in opposite directions. The rotation of each pair of rod-type post insulators 4 drives the outgoing terminal block 5, the stationary contact assembly 6 and the moving contact 7 to rotate respectively, until the moving contact 7 is inserted into the stationary contact assembly 6, completing the three-phase closing. During this process, the torsional stress sensing unit on the connecting rod 909 monitors the torque value in real time. If the three phases operate synchronously, the torque value should fluctuate within the normal range. If a phase becomes stuck, the torque difference between that phase and the other phases will increase instantaneously, and the sensing unit will immediately send an abnormal signal.

[0038] During the tripping operation, the output of motor 901 rotates in reverse, driving the components to move in the opposite direction through the aforementioned transmission chain. The moving contact 7 is pulled out from the stationary contact assembly 6, completing the tripping operation. After the tripping is completed, the moving contact 7 and the stationary contact assembly 6 return to a parallel state. At this time, the hydraulic rod 101 is activated. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 101 is converted into the rotation of the rotating rod 103 through the insulating column 102. The rotating rod 103 rotates around its own axis under the support of the limit seat 104, driving multiple grounding blades 105 to rotate synchronously until the grounding blades 105 are inserted into the blade holder 106 at the bottom of the moving contact 7. Since the rotating rod 103 is externally grounded, the main circuit is connected to the ground through the grounding blades 105, realizing the grounding operation and providing reliable safety grounding for subsequent maintenance.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor ultra-high voltage three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure, characterized in that, include: Two support column assemblies (1) are provided. The top of the two support column assemblies (1) is fixedly connected to a three-phase common base beam (2). The top of the three-phase common base beam (2) is fixedly connected to multiple three-phase base vertical beams (3) that are evenly distributed. Each three-phase base vertical beam (3) is provided with two rod-type post insulators (4). The top of the two rod-type post insulators (4) is fixedly connected to a terminal block (5). One of the terminal blocks (5) is fixedly connected to a stationary contact assembly (6) at one end close to the other terminal block (5). The opposite end of the other terminal block (5) is fixedly connected to a moving contact (7) that cooperates with the stationary contact assembly (6). One of the support column assemblies (1) is equipped with a fixed beam assembly (8). The fixed beam assembly (8) is provided with a transmission assembly (9) and a swing assembly (10). The disconnecting switch also integrates multiple sets of intelligent sensing units for collecting multi-dimensional status data of the equipment operation.

2. The outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column assembly (1) includes a ground support column (11), a column mounting flange base plate (12), and a column mounting flange top plate (13). The bottom of the ground support column (11) is fixedly connected to the column mounting flange base plate (12), the top of the ground support column (11) is fixedly connected to the column mounting flange top plate (13), and the top of the column mounting flange top plate (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-phase common base beam (2).

3. The outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The column mounting flange base plate (12) has four threaded mounting holes at its four corners.

4. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed beam assembly (8) includes a fixed steel plate (81) and a clamp assembly (82). The clamp assembly (82) consists of two semi-circular clamps. The two semi-circular clamps are fitted on the outer wall of the ground support column (11) and are fixed by bolts and nuts. The fixed steel plate (81) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the semi-circular clamps.

5. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (9) includes a motor (901) fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed steel plate (81). An insulating rod (902) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (901). The bottom of two rod-type support insulators (4) above the same three-phase base vertical beam (3) is fixedly connected to a first rotating disk (903) and a second rotating disk (905). The first rotating disk (903) and the second rotating disk (905) are rotatably connected to a first connecting rod (904). The second rotating disk (905) is rotatably connected to a second connecting rod (906). The second connecting rod (906) is rotatably connected to a swing arm (907). A fixed seat (908) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the three-phase base vertical beam (3). The bottom of the swing arm (907) and the top of the fixed seat (908) are rotatably connected by a bearing.

6. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first rotating disk (903) and the second rotating disk (905) are both rotatably connected to the top of the three-phase base vertical beam (3). The insulating rod (902) passes through the three-phase base vertical beam (3) and is rotatably connected to it. The insulating rod (902) is coaxially fixedly connected to the first rotating disk (903).

7. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The three second rotating disks (905) are connected to the connecting rod (909) in a common rotation. The surface of the connecting rod (909) is integrated with a torsional stress sensing unit. The torsional stress sensing unit adopts a fiber optic strain gauge structure and is used to collect the rod torque load data in real time during the three-phase linkage process.

8. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The swing assembly (10) includes a hydraulic rod (101) rotatably connected to the side wall of the fixed steel plate (81). An insulating column (102) is rotatably connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod (101). A rotating column (103) is fixedly connected to the end of the insulating column (102) away from the hydraulic rod (101). Two symmetrically arranged limit seats (104) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each of the three-phase base vertical beams (3). The rotating column (103) passes through each limit seat (104) and is rotatably connected to it.

9. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer wall of the rotating column (103) is fixedly connected with three grounding blades (105) that are evenly spaced. The bottom of each of the three moving contacts (7) is fixedly connected with a blade holder (106). The three grounding blades (105) are arranged in cooperation with the blade holders (106).

10. An outdoor UHV three-phase disconnect switch with an integrated intelligent sensing and detection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The contact clamping part of the stationary contact assembly (6) is equipped with a contact resistance sensing module, and the conductive rod of the moving contact (7) is embedded with a passive wireless temperature sensor. Together, they constitute the main circuit contact status monitoring unit. The low-voltage end of the rod-type post insulator (4) is equipped with a surface leakage current sensor and an attitude sensor. The surface leakage current sensor is used to collect the leakage current data of the surface pollution of the insulator and predict the risk of insulation flashover. The attitude sensor collects the rotation angle of the insulator. The top surface of the three-phase common base beam (2) is equipped with a micro-meteorological sensing unit, which integrates the detection of wind speed and direction, ambient temperature and humidity and icing thickness. The function is to synchronously collect outdoor environmental parameters; the angular displacement sensor is provided at the rotational connection between the swing arm (907) and the fixed seat (908), and the output end of the motor (901) is equipped with a speed and torque sensor. The two together constitute the transmission mechanism action accuracy and jamming status monitoring link; the inner side of the knife holder (106) is embedded with a grounding position detection sensor to verify the reliable insertion state of the grounding knife (105) and the knife holder (106); the side wall of the fixed steel plate (81) is equipped with an edge computing gateway module. The data of all sensing units are collected to the edge computing gateway module, processed locally and then uploaded to the substation monitoring platform.

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