An air energy cold and heat system and a control method applied to the air energy cold and heat system

Abstract

The application provides an air energy cooling and heating system and a control method applied to the air energy cooling and heating system. The system comprises a hot liquid buffer tank, a cold liquid buffer tank, a hot liquid pipeline provided between a first hot liquid outlet and a first hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank and through which hot liquid heated in the hot liquid buffer tank flows, a second hot liquid inlet provided on the hot liquid pipeline and communicated with a first liquid cooling plate of a first tray, a second hot liquid outlet provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid inlet and a first filter and communicated with the first liquid cooling plate, so that a first battery pack connected with the first liquid cooling plate reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation, a cold liquid pipeline provided between a first cold liquid outlet and a first cold liquid inlet of the cold liquid buffer tank and through which cold liquid cooled in the cold liquid buffer tank flows, and a second cold liquid inlet and a second cold liquid outlet provided on the cold liquid pipeline and communicated with the first liquid cooling plate, so that the first battery pack reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery equalization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery temperature control technology, and in particular to an air-source heat pump system and a control method applied to the air-source heat pump system. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, air is typically used as the conduction and convection medium during battery formation. The battery temperature is controlled by heating and drying the air in a high-temperature chamber. However, air has a low specific heat capacity and poor thermal conductivity, resulting in poor temperature uniformity inside the battery and significant temperature differences between battery packs in different locations within the high-temperature chamber. Furthermore, the entire workshop needs to maintain a high-temperature environment, which accelerates equipment aging, consumes a huge amount of energy, and creates a harsh working environment. Uneven temperature makes it difficult to ensure consistency in battery formation and capacity testing, resulting in extremely poor temperature control and limited yield. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an air-source heat pump system and a control method applied to the system. The system includes: a compressor, a condenser, a hot liquid buffer tank, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a cold liquid buffer tank, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, and refrigerant piping. The compressor's first refrigerant copper pipe inlet is connected to the cold liquid buffer tank's third refrigerant copper pipe outlet and the evaporator's third refrigerant outlet via the second three-way valve and the refrigerant piping, respectively. This allows for heating the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank to obtain heated hot liquid, and cooling the hot liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank to obtain cooled cold liquid. Furthermore, the first hot liquid outlet of the hot liquid buffer tank is connected to the first hot liquid... A hot liquid pipe is provided between the inlets for the heated hot liquid to flow through; a second hot liquid inlet is provided on the hot liquid pipe, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate of the first tray; a second hot liquid outlet is provided on the hot liquid pipe between the first hot liquid inlet and the first filter, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation; a cold liquid pipe is provided between the first cold liquid outlet and the first cold liquid inlet of the cold liquid buffer tank for the cooled cold liquid to flow through; a second cold liquid inlet and a second cold liquid outlet are respectively provided on the cold liquid pipe, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate, so that the first battery pack reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing. Using the above scheme, the surface of the battery pack in each battery tray can be heated or cooled separately. Compared with the prior art where different battery packs are placed in different positions in a large high-temperature chamber during battery formation, resulting in large differences in battery surface temperature, this application achieves precise and uniform temperature control of the battery pack in each battery tray, resulting in high consistency in battery formation or battery capacity testing.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an air-source heat pump system, wherein...

[0005] Compressor, condenser, hot liquid buffer tank, expansion valve, evaporator, cold liquid buffer tank, first three-way valve, second three-way valve, refrigerant piping; among which...

[0006] The refrigerant pipeline is located between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet and the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the compressor. The refrigerant pipeline is equipped with a condenser, a hot liquid buffer tank, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a cold liquid buffer tank, a first three-way valve, and a second three-way valve.

[0007] The compressor's first refrigerant copper pipe outlet is connected to the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank and the first refrigerant inlet of the condenser via a first three-way valve and a refrigerant pipeline. The second refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the hot liquid buffer tank and the first refrigerant outlet of the condenser are connected to the second refrigerant inlet of the expansion valve. The second refrigerant outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the third refrigerant inlet of the evaporator and the third refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the cold liquid buffer tank. The compressor's first refrigerant copper pipe inlet is connected to the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the cold liquid buffer tank and the third refrigerant outlet of the evaporator via a second three-way valve and a refrigerant pipeline. This allows for heating the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank to obtain heated hot liquid, and cooling the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank to obtain cooled cold liquid. The temperature of the heated hot liquid is higher than the temperature of the cooled cold liquid.

[0008] The first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are different three-way valves; the temperature of the heated liquid is between the first lower limit temperature and the first upper limit temperature, and the first lower limit temperature is less than the first upper limit temperature; the temperature of the cooled liquid is between the second lower limit temperature and the second upper limit temperature, and the second lower limit temperature is less than the second upper limit temperature.

[0009] The compressor is based on the first three-way valve and will not be connected to the condenser and the hot liquid buffer tank at the same time. The compressor is based on the second three-way valve and will not be connected to the evaporator and the cold liquid buffer tank at the same time.

[0010] A hot liquid pipe is provided between the first hot liquid outlet and the first hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank for the heated hot liquid to flow through. The hot liquid pipe is equipped with a first pressure regulating valve, a first throttling pipe connected in parallel with the first pressure regulating valve, a first filter for filtering the hot liquid, and a first water pump for applying pressure to the hot liquid in the hot liquid pipe. A second hot liquid inlet is provided on the hot liquid pipe between the first hot liquid outlet and the first pressure regulating valve of the hot liquid buffer tank, and is connected to the first liquid cooling plate of the first tray in the first chemical separation and dispensing integrated machine. The first hot liquid inlet and the first... A second hot liquid outlet is provided on the hot liquid pipe between the filters, which is connected to the first liquid cooling plate of the first tray in the first formation and capacity-integrated machine, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate in the first tray can reach a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. A first electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the second hot liquid inlet and the first formation and capacity-integrated machine, and a second electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the second hot liquid outlet and the first formation and capacity-integrated machine. The first electromagnetic switch valve and the second electromagnetic switch valve open or close simultaneously. The first throttling tube is used to ensure that the hot liquid in the hot liquid pipe is flowing at any time.

[0011] A cold liquid pipeline is provided between the first cold liquid outlet and the first cold liquid inlet of the cold liquid buffer tank, through which the cooled cold liquid flows. The cold liquid pipeline includes a second pressure regulating valve, a second filter for filtering the cold liquid, a second throttling pipe connected in parallel with the second pressure regulating valve, and a second water pump for applying pressure to the cold liquid in the cold liquid pipeline. A second cold liquid inlet, connected to the first liquid-cooled plate of the first tray in the first batching and dispensing machine, is provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid outlet and the second pressure regulating valve of the cold liquid buffer tank. A first liquid-cooled plate, connected to the first tray in the first batching and dispensing machine, is provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid inlet and the second filter of the cold liquid buffer tank. A second cold liquid outlet is connected to bring the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate in the first tray to a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing. A third electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the second cold liquid inlet and the first integrated capacity testing machine, and a fourth electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the second cold liquid outlet and the first integrated capacity testing machine. The third and fourth electromagnetic switch valves are opened or closed simultaneously. The second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature. A second throttling tube is used to ensure that the cold liquid in the cold liquid pipeline is flowing at any time. A first filter is provided between the first pressure regulating valve and the first hot liquid inlet, and a second filter is provided between the second pressure regulating valve and the first cold liquid inlet.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0013] The air source heat pump system also includes: connecting pipes, a third water pump, and a liquid storage tank;

[0014] A connecting pipe is used to connect the cold liquid buffer tank and the hot liquid buffer tank, maintaining the liquid level of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank and the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank at the same level. The connecting pipe includes a first port and a second port. The first port is located on the side wall of the cold liquid buffer tank and communicates with it, and the second port is located on the side wall of the hot liquid buffer tank and communicates with it.

[0015] When the liquid level in the cold liquid buffer tank and the liquid level in the hot liquid buffer tank are both lower than the preset liquid level, the third water pump is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank into the cold liquid buffer tank or the hot liquid buffer tank.

[0016] In addition to the first cold liquid outlet and the first cold liquid inlet, the cold liquid buffer tank also includes:

[0017] The system includes a first atmospheric connection pipe, a first water level detector, a first overflow pipe, a first electrically controlled two-way valve, and a first ball valve; among which...

[0018] The first atmospheric connection pipe is used to connect with the atmosphere, ensuring that the cold liquid buffer tank is connected to the atmosphere and preventing the cold liquid buffer tank from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure.

[0019] The first water level detector is used to detect the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank. When the liquid level of the cold liquid is lower than the preset height, an alarm is triggered, and the third water pump is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank into the cold liquid buffer tank.

[0020] The first overflow pipe is used to drain the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank into the storage tank when the liquid level in the cold liquid buffer tank continues to rise and approaches the volume of the cold liquid buffer tank.

[0021] The first electrically controlled two-way valve is used to: drain the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank to the storage tank when the liquid level in the cold liquid buffer tank continuously rises to approach the volume of the cold liquid buffer tank, or when the liquid level in the hot liquid buffer tank continuously rises to approach the volume of the hot liquid buffer tank.

[0022] The first ball valve is used to release the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank when cleaning the cold liquid buffer tank;

[0023] In addition to the first hydrothermal outlet and the first hydrothermal inlet, the hydrothermal buffer tank also includes:

[0024] The system includes a second atmospheric connection pipe, a second water level detector, a second overflow pipe, and a second ball valve; among which...

[0025] The second atmospheric connection pipe is used to connect with the atmosphere, ensuring that the hydrothermal buffer tank is connected to the atmosphere and preventing the hydrothermal buffer tank from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure.

[0026] The second water level detector is used to detect the liquid level height of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank. When the liquid level height of the hot liquid is lower than the preset liquid level height, an alarm is triggered, and the third water pump is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank into the cold liquid buffer tank so that the liquid level height of the cold liquid exceeds the height of the first pipe opening set on the side wall of the cold liquid buffer tank in the connecting pipe, so that liquid is injected into the hot liquid buffer tank through the connecting pipe.

[0027] The second overflow pipe is used to discharge the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank into the storage tank when the liquid level of the cold liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank continues to rise and approaches the volume of the hot liquid buffer tank.

[0028] The second ball valve is used to release the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank when cleaning the hot liquid buffer tank;

[0029] The liquid storage tank includes a third atmospheric connection pipe, which is used to connect with the atmosphere to ensure that the liquid storage tank is in contact with the atmosphere and to prevent the liquid storage tank from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure.

[0030] The storage tank also includes a third ball valve, which is used to drain the liquid in the storage tank when cleaning the storage tank.

[0031] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0032] A third hot liquid inlet is also provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid outlet of the hot liquid buffer tank and the first pressure regulating valve, which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate of the second tray in the second formation and capacity integration machine. A third hot liquid outlet is also provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank and the first filter, which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate of the second tray in the second formation and capacity integration machine, so as to control the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate in the second tray to reach a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. A fifth electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the third hot liquid inlet and the second formation and capacity integration machine, and a sixth electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the third hot liquid outlet and the second formation and capacity integration machine; the fifth electromagnetic switch valve and the sixth electromagnetic switch valve are opened or closed simultaneously.

[0033] A third cold liquid inlet is also provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid outlet and the second pressure regulating valve of the cold liquid buffer tank, which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate of the second tray in the second formation and capacity testing machine. A third cold liquid outlet is also provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid inlet and the second filter of the cold liquid buffer tank, which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate of the second tray in the second formation and capacity testing machine, so as to control the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate in the second tray to reach a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing. A seventh electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the third cold liquid inlet and the second formation and capacity testing machine, and an eighth electromagnetic switch valve is provided between the third cold liquid outlet and the second formation and capacity testing machine. The seventh and eighth electromagnetic switch valves are opened or closed simultaneously. The second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0035] When the first solenoid valve is open, the third solenoid valve is closed; when the third solenoid valve is open, the first solenoid valve is closed.

[0036] When the fifth solenoid valve is open, the seventh solenoid valve is closed; when the seventh solenoid valve is open, the fifth solenoid valve is closed.

[0037] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0038] The evaporator and condenser are installed in series and are closely connected to each other to achieve heat transfer between them, and the evaporator and condenser share a fan.

[0039] Secondly, this application provides a control method for an air-source heat pump system, comprising:

[0040] The temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank is detected by a first temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, and the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank is detected by a second temperature sensor placed in the hot liquid buffer tank.

[0041] When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank is lower than the first lower limit temperature, the first three-way valve is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the compressor and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the compressor and the first refrigerant inlet of the condenser. After the compressor starts running, the refrigerant output from the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the compressor flows through the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet and then through the inner wall of the first coil of the compressor in the hot liquid buffer tank to heat the first coil of the compressor, thereby raising the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank that is in contact with the outer wall of the first coil of the compressor, so as to heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank and obtain the heated hot liquid. The refrigerant and the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank are isolated by the inner and outer walls of the first coil of the compressor.

[0042] The first pressure regulating valve distributed on the hydrothermal pipeline regulates the pressure in the hydrothermal pipeline, and outputs the heated hydrothermal liquid through the first hydrothermal outlet to the second hydrothermal inlet, and flows into the first liquid cooling plate of the first tray in the first formation and capacity integrated machine through the second hydrothermal inlet, and flows out from the second hydrothermal outlet, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate in the first tray reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

[0043] When the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank exceeds the second upper limit temperature, the second three-way valve is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the compressor and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the cold liquid buffer tank, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the compressor and the third refrigerant outlet of the evaporator. After the compressor starts running, the refrigerant enters the cold liquid buffer tank from the third refrigerant copper pipe inlet and flows through the inner wall of the second coil of the compressor in the cold liquid buffer tank to cool the second coil of the compressor. This reduces the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank that is in contact with the outer wall of the second coil of the compressor, thereby cooling the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank and obtaining the cooled refrigerant. The refrigerant and the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank are isolated by the inner and outer walls of the second coil of the compressor.

[0044] The second pressure regulating valve distributed on the coolant pipeline regulates the pressure in the coolant pipeline, and outputs the cooled coolant through the first coolant outlet to the second coolant inlet, and flows into the first liquid cooling plate of the first tray in the first formation and capacity integration machine through the second coolant inlet, and flows out from the second coolant outlet, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate in the first tray reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity formation.

[0045] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0046] After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, the process further includes:

[0047] When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank is greater than the first upper limit temperature, the first three-way valve is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the compressor and the first refrigerant inlet of the condenser, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the compressor and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank. The condenser then operates to dissipate heat from the refrigerant entering the condenser through the first refrigerant inlet.

[0048] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0049] After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, the process further includes:

[0050] The compressor stops when the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank is greater than or equal to the first lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank is less than or equal to the second upper limit temperature.

[0051] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0052] After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, the process further includes:

[0053] When the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank is lower than the second lower limit temperature, the second three-way valve is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the compressor and the third refrigerant outlet of the evaporator, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the compressor and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the cold liquid buffer tank. The evaporator operates to heat the refrigerant that enters the evaporator through the third refrigerant inlet. The first coil and the second coil of the compressor are coils at different locations on the compressor.

[0054] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0055] After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, the process further includes:

[0056] When the temperature of the coolant in the coolant buffer tank exceeds the second upper limit temperature

[0057] The compressor operates to lower the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank that is in contact with the outer wall of the compressor's second coil; the compressor is also connected to a hot liquid buffer tank to raise the temperature of the hot liquid, or the compressor is also connected to a condenser to dissipate heat from the refrigerant output from the compressor to the condenser.

[0058] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0059] After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, the process further includes:

[0060] When the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank is lower than the first lower limit temperature

[0061] The compressor operates to raise the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank that is in contact with the outer wall of the compressor's first coil; the compressor is also connected to the cold liquid buffer tank to lower the temperature of the cold liquid, or the compressor is also connected to the evaporator to heat the refrigerant output from the compressor to the evaporator.

[0062] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0063] After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank, the process further includes:

[0064] When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank is lower than the first lower limit temperature and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank is higher than the second upper limit temperature, the compressor operates to raise the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank that is in contact with the outer wall of the first coil of the compressor, and to lower the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank that is in contact with the outer wall of the second coil of the compressor. The condenser and evaporator do not work.

[0065] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0066] After the first pressure regulating valve distributed on the hydrothermal pipeline regulates the pressure in the hydrothermal pipeline, it also includes:

[0067] The heated hot liquid is output through the first hot liquid outlet to the third hot liquid inlet, and then input through the third hot liquid inlet to the second liquid cooling plate of the second tray in the second formation and capacity integration machine, so that the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate in the second tray reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

[0068] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one alternative implementation,

[0069] After the second pressure regulating valve distributed on the coolant pipeline regulates the pressure in the coolant pipeline, it also includes:

[0070] The cooled liquid is output through the first cold liquid outlet to the third cold liquid inlet, and flows into the second liquid cooling plate of the second tray in the second formation and capacity integration machine through the third cold liquid inlet, and flows out from the third cold liquid outlet, so that the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate in the second tray reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity division.

[0071] Compared to existing technologies, the compressor's first refrigerant copper pipe inlet is connected to the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet of the cold liquid buffer tank and the third refrigerant outlet of the evaporator via a second three-way valve and a refrigerant pipeline, respectively. This allows for heating the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank to obtain heated hot liquid, and cooling the intermediate cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank to obtain cooled cold liquid. Furthermore, a hot liquid pipeline is provided between the first hot liquid outlet and the first hot liquid inlet of the hot liquid buffer tank for the heated hot liquid to flow through. A second hot liquid inlet is provided on the hot liquid pipeline, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate of the first tray. A second hot liquid outlet is provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid inlet and the first filter, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. A cold liquid pipeline is provided between the first cold liquid outlet and the first cold liquid inlet of the cold liquid buffer tank for the cooled cold liquid to flow through. A second cold liquid inlet and a second cold liquid outlet are respectively provided on the cold liquid pipeline, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate, so that the first battery pack reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity grading. Using the above solution, it should be noted that the air-source heat pump system provided in this application, by providing electrical energy to the compressor, through the compressor's compression of the refrigerant and the action of the expansion valve, can simultaneously cool the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank and heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank, which is very energy-efficient and can generate multiple other forms of heat energy from one unit of electrical energy.

[0072] Furthermore, the surface of the battery pack in each battery tray can be heated or cooled separately. Compared with the existing technology where different battery packs are placed in different positions and have large differences in surface temperature in the large high-temperature chamber during battery formation, this application can achieve precise and uniform temperature control of the first battery pack in each battery tray. The consistency of battery formation or battery capacity testing is high, the temperature control deviation is small, and the accuracy of battery temperature control is improved. On the other hand, compared with the existing technology of controlling battery temperature by heating dry air in the high-temperature chamber during battery formation, this application uses liquid for hot and cold contact conduction, which greatly improves the heat conduction and cooling efficiency. That is, there is no need for a high-temperature chamber, and the workshop returns to the normal temperature environment, which is very energy-saving. Attached Figure Description

[0073] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-source heat pump system provided in this application;

[0075] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another air-source heat pump system provided in this application;

[0076] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and the liquid storage tank 80 provided in this application;

[0077] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a condenser and an evaporator provided in this application;

[0078] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method for an air-source heat pump system provided in this application.

[0079] Wherein, 10 is the compressor, 101 is the first coil of the compressor, and 102 is the second coil of the compressor.

[0080] 20-Condenser, 201-First refrigerant inlet, 202-First refrigerant outlet, 211-First three-way valve, 212-Second three-way valve, 30-Cold liquid buffer tank, 31-First atmospheric connection pipe, 32-First water level detector, 33-First overflow pipe, 34-First cold liquid outlet, 35-First cold liquid inlet, 36-First electrically controlled two-way valve, 37-First ball valve, 38-Third water pump, 39-Third refrigerant copper pipe inlet, 310-Third refrigerant copper pipe outlet, 4-Connecting pipe, 40-Hot liquid buffer tank, 41-First 42-Second atmospheric connection pipe, 43-Second water level detector, 44-Second overflow pipe, 45-First hydrothermal outlet, 46-First hydrothermal inlet, 47-Second refrigerant copper pipe inlet, 48-Second refrigerant copper pipe outlet, 400-Fan, 50-Expansion valve, 501-Second refrigerant inlet, 502-Second refrigerant outlet, 60-Evaporator, 601-Third refrigerant inlet, 602-Third refrigerant outlet, 71-First chemical separation and capacity control unit, 710-First tray, 7100-First liquid cooling plate, 710 1-Third electromagnetic switch valve, 7102-Fourth electromagnetic switch valve, 7103-First electromagnetic switch valve, 7104-Second electromagnetic switch valve, 7111-Second cold liquid inlet, 7112-Second cold liquid outlet, 7113-Second hot liquid inlet, 7114-Second hot liquid outlet, 72-Second chemical separation and dispensing integrated machine, 720-Second tray, 7200-Second liquid cooling plate, 7201-Seventh electromagnetic switch valve, 7202-Eighth electromagnetic switch valve, 7203-Fifth electromagnetic switch valve, 7204-Sixth electromagnetic switch valve Valve, 7211-Third cold liquid inlet, 7212-Third cold liquid outlet, 7213-Third hot liquid inlet, 7214-Third hot liquid outlet, 80-Storage tank, 801-Third atmospheric connection pipe, 802-Third ball valve, 803-Third water level detector, 804-Second electrically controlled two-way valve, 901-First water pump, 902-First pressure regulating valve, 903-First throttle pipe, 904-First filter, 905-Second water pump, 906-Second pressure regulating valve, 907-Second throttle pipe, 908-Second filter. Detailed Implementation

[0081] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0082] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," "sixth," "seventh," and "eighth" mentioned in this application are only used to distinguish different types of integrated chemical composition and capacity control machines, liquid cooling plates, water pumps, refrigerant copper pipe inlets, refrigerant copper pipe outlets, atmospheric connection pipes, electromagnetic switch valves, hot liquid inlets, hot liquid outlets, cold liquid inlets, cold liquid outlet throttling pipes, ball valves, overflow pipes, electrically controlled two-way valves, refrigerant inlets, refrigerant outlets, three-way valves, and water level detectors, etc., and have no other special meanings, and should not limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0083] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an air-source heat pump system provided in this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another air-source heat pump system provided in this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the hot liquid buffer tank 40, and the liquid storage tank 80 provided in this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between a condenser and an evaporator provided in this application.

[0084] Combination Figures 1 to 4 The air source heat pump heating and cooling system provided in this application may include, but is not limited to:

[0085] The system includes a compressor 10, a condenser 20, a hot liquid buffer tank 40, an expansion valve 50, an evaporator 60, a cold liquid buffer tank 30, a first three-way valve 211, a second three-way valve 212, and refrigerant piping; among which...

[0086] The refrigerant pipeline is located between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 and the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10. The refrigerant pipeline is equipped with a condenser 20, a hot liquid buffer tank 40, an expansion valve 50, an evaporator 60, a cold liquid buffer tank 30, a first three-way valve 211, and a second three-way valve 212.

[0087] The first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of compressor 10 is connected to the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet 47 of hot liquid buffer tank 40 and the first refrigerant inlet 201 of condenser 20 via a first three-way valve 211 and a refrigerant pipe, respectively. The second refrigerant copper pipe outlet 48 of hot liquid buffer tank 40 and the first refrigerant outlet 202 of condenser 20 are connected to the second refrigerant inlet 501 of expansion valve 50, respectively. The second refrigerant outlet 502 of expansion valve 50 is connected to the third refrigerant inlet 601 of evaporator 60 and the first refrigerant inlet 201 of cold liquid buffer tank 30, respectively. The first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 is connected to the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet 310 of the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and the third refrigerant outlet 602 of the evaporator 60 via a second three-way valve 212 and a refrigerant pipeline, respectively, to heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 to obtain heated hot liquid, and to cool the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 to obtain cooled cold liquid, wherein the temperature of the heated hot liquid is higher than the temperature of the cooled cold liquid; wherein...

[0088] The first three-way valve 211 and the second three-way valve 212 are different three-way valves; the temperature of the heated liquid is between a first lower limit temperature and a first upper limit temperature, with the first lower limit temperature being less than the first upper limit temperature; the temperature of the cooled liquid is between a second lower limit temperature and a second upper limit temperature, with the second lower limit temperature being less than the second upper limit temperature; it should be noted that if the temperature of the heated liquid is 45 degrees Celsius, then the first lower limit temperature can be 40 degrees Celsius and the first upper limit temperature can be 50 degrees Celsius; if the temperature after cooling is 18 degrees Celsius, the second lower limit temperature can be 12 degrees Celsius and the second upper limit temperature can be 24 degrees Celsius.

[0089] The compressor 10 is not connected to the condenser 20 and the hot liquid buffer tank 40 at the same time based on the first three-way valve 211, and the compressor 10 is not connected to the evaporator 60 and the cold liquid buffer tank 30 at the same time based on the second three-way valve 212.

[0090] A hot liquid pipe is provided between the first hot liquid outlet 44 and the first hot liquid inlet 45 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40 for the heated hot liquid to flow through. The hot liquid pipe is equipped with a first pressure regulating valve 902, a first throttling pipe 903 connected in parallel with the first pressure regulating valve 902, a first filter 904 for filtering the hot liquid, and a first water pump 901 for applying pressure to the hot liquid in the hot liquid pipe. In this application, the first filter 904 is located between the first pressure regulating valve 902 and the first hot liquid inlet 45. Compared to the scheme where the first filter 904 is located between the first pressure regulating valve 902 and the first hot liquid outlet 44, the first filter 904 in this application can be a smaller filter (with a filter particle size greater than 1 μm) with lower cost. (Filter for impurities) Because the water flow velocity after passing through the first pressure regulating valve 902 is relatively small, a small filter can be used; if the first filter 904 is set between the first pressure regulating valve 902 and the first hot liquid outlet 44, then the first filter 904 must be a large filter with higher cost (filter for impurities with a particle size greater than 50μm).On the other hand, in the scheme where the first filter 904 is placed between the first pressure regulating valve 902 and the first hot liquid inlet 45, the pressure difference generated by the first pressure regulating valve 902 can be fully utilized to allow the hot liquid to flow from the second hot liquid inlet 7113 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100. If the first filter 904 is placed between the first pressure regulating valve 902 and the first hot liquid outlet 44, the pressure difference created by the filtration of water by the first filter 904 itself on both sides of the first filter 904 results in a lower pressure for the hot liquid to flow from the second hot liquid inlet 7113 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100, or even prevents the hot liquid from flowing from the second hot liquid inlet 7113 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100, thus failing to achieve the desired effect on the first liquid cooling plate 7100. Temperature control is implemented for the battery pack. A second hot liquid inlet 7113, connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity integration machine 71, is provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid outlet 44 and the first pressure regulating valve 902 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40. A second hot liquid outlet 7114, connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity integration machine 71, is provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid inlet 45 and the first filter 904 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 in the first tray 710 reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. That is, the first liquid cooling plate 7100 achieves temperature control for the first battery pack in the first tray 710. Compared to existing technologies where battery formation involves heating the surface of batteries in large, high-temperature chambers (e.g., 45°C) with significant temperature differences between battery packs placed in different locations (e.g., a temperature difference of about 2°C (±1°C) between batteries in different locations), the solution provided in this application offers several advantages. Firstly, it enables precise and uniform temperature control of the first battery pack in each battery tray, resulting in high consistency during battery formation or capacity testing. This means the temperature difference between different battery packs is controlled within 1°C (±0.5°C), minimizing temperature deviation and improving the accuracy of battery temperature control. Secondly, compared to existing technologies that use heated, dry air in a high-temperature chamber... This application uses liquid for hot and cold contact conduction, significantly improving heat conduction and cooling efficiency. This eliminates the need for a high-temperature chamber, allowing the workshop to return to a normal temperature environment, resulting in significant energy savings. Specifically, a first electromagnetic valve 7103 is installed between the second hydrothermal inlet 7113 and the first chemical separation and capacity preparation machine 71, and a second electromagnetic valve 7104 is installed between the second hydrothermal outlet 7114 and the first chemical separation and capacity preparation machine 71. The first electromagnetic valve 7103 and the second electromagnetic valve 7104 open or close simultaneously. A first throttling pipe 903 ensures that the hydrothermal fluid in the pipeline is flowing at all times. The first electromagnetic valve 7103 and the second electromagnetic valve 7104 are different electromagnetic valves.

[0091] A cooling liquid pipe is provided between the first cooling liquid outlet 34 and the first cooling liquid inlet 35 of the cooling liquid buffer tank 30, through which the cooled cooling liquid flows. The cooling liquid pipe is equipped with a second pressure regulating valve 906, a second filter 908 for filtering the cooling liquid, a second throttling pipe 907 connected in parallel with the second pressure regulating valve 906, and a second water pump 905 for applying pressure to the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid pipe. A second cooling liquid inlet 7111, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity testing machine 71, is provided on the cooling liquid pipe between the first cooling liquid outlet 34 and the second pressure regulating valve 906 of the cooling liquid buffer tank 30. A second cooling liquid outlet 7112, communicating with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity testing machine 71, is provided on the cooling liquid pipe between the first cooling liquid inlet 35 and the second filter 908 of the cooling liquid buffer tank 30, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 in the first tray 710 reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing. That is, the surface of the first battery pack is cooled by the first liquid cooling plate 7100. Compared with the prior art where a large number of batteries are placed in different locations in the factory and the temperature is controlled by air conditioning (e.g., 25 degrees Celsius) during battery capacity testing, the solution provided in this application can achieve precise and uniform temperature control of the first battery pack in each battery tray. In addition, the precise temperature control of this application by the cold plate eliminates the need for a 25-degree Celsius factory with air conditioning, reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning. A third electromagnetic switch valve 7101 is provided between the second cold liquid inlet 7111 and the first integrated capacity testing machine 71, and a fourth electromagnetic switch valve 7102 is provided between the second cold liquid outlet 7112 and the first integrated capacity testing machine 71. The third electromagnetic switch valve 7101 and the fourth electromagnetic switch valve 7102 are opened or closed simultaneously. The second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature. The second throttling pipe 907 is used to ensure that the cold liquid in the cold liquid pipeline is flowing at any time. The first battery pack can be a battery pack composed of multiple cells connected in series and parallel. In this application, the first battery pack and the second battery pack are different battery packs; the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction and have no other meaning.

[0092] In this application, the second filter 908 is disposed between the second pressure regulating valve 906 and the first cold liquid inlet 35. Compared to the design where the second filter 908 is disposed between the second pressure regulating valve 906 and the first cold liquid outlet 34, in this application, when the second filter 908 is disposed between the second pressure regulating valve 906 and the first cold liquid inlet 35, the second filter 908 can be a smaller filter (filtering particles larger than 1μm) with lower cost, because the water flow velocity after passing through the second pressure regulating valve 906 is relatively low, and a smaller filter can be used; if the second filter 908 is disposed between the second pressure regulating valve 906 and the first cold liquid outlet 34, then the second filter 908 must be a larger filter (filtering particles larger than 50μm) with higher cost. (Filter for impurities); On the other hand, in the scheme where the second filter 908 is set between the second pressure regulating valve 906 and the first cold liquid inlet 35, the pressure difference generated by the second pressure regulating valve 906 can be fully utilized to allow the cold liquid to flow from the second cold liquid inlet 7111 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100; If the second filter 908 is set between the second pressure regulating valve 906 and the first cold liquid outlet 34, the pressure difference formed on both sides of the second filter 908 due to the filtration of water by the second filter 908 itself will result in a smaller pressure of the cold liquid flowing from the second cold liquid inlet 7111 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100, or even cause the cold liquid to not flow from the second cold liquid inlet 7111 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100, making it impossible to control the temperature of the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100.

[0093] Optionally, the first tray 710 and the second tray 720 in this application are both battery trays that can be used to hold battery packs.

[0094] Optionally, the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation of the first battery pack can be 45 degrees Celsius, and the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing of the first battery pack can be 25 degrees Celsius.

[0095] It should be noted that the first formation and capacity testing machine 71 in this application can both perform battery formation on the first battery pack and perform battery capacity testing on the first battery pack. Compared with the prior art, the battery formation and capacity testing equipment can only be used for battery formation or capacity testing, and its function is relatively simple. This improves the efficiency of the first formation and capacity testing machine 71.

[0096] When the first formation and capacity integration machine 71 performs battery formation on the first battery pack, during suitable seasons such as spring and autumn (e.g., when the ambient temperature is between 25 and 45 degrees Celsius), the heated hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 flows into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 through the second hot liquid inlet 7113, which is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity integration machine 71, and the second hot liquid outlet 7114, which is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity integration machine 71, so that the first battery pack reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. During extreme temperature seasons such as summer (when the ambient temperature exceeds 45 degrees Celsius), the cooled liquid flows into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 through the second cold liquid inlet 7111 and the second cold liquid outlet 7112 to regulate the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate 7100. Alternatively, the cooled liquid flows into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 through the second cold liquid inlet 7111 and the second cold liquid outlet 7112 to regulate the temperature of the liquid in the first liquid cooling plate 7100, thereby further regulating the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate 7100. This allows the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 to reach a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. Under this condition, the air-source heating and cooling system does not need to heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40, meaning that the compressor does not need to be started specifically for heating, thus achieving energy saving to a certain extent.

[0097] Alternatively, when the ambient temperature of the first formation and capacity integration machine 71 exceeds 45 degrees Celsius, the second cold liquid inlet 7111 and the second cold liquid outlet 7112 are used to allow the cooled cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 to flow into and out of the first liquid cooling plate 7100 (at this time, the hot liquid buffer tank 40 does not need to output hot liquid to the first liquid cooling plate 7100) in order to regulate the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate 7100 so that the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

[0098] When the first formation and capacity testing machine 71 performs battery formation on the first battery pack, during the spring and autumn seasons when the temperature is suitable, the cooled liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 flows into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 through the second cold liquid inlet 7111, which is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity testing machine 71, and the second cold liquid outlet 7112, which is connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity testing machine 71, so that the first battery pack reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing. During extreme temperature seasons such as winter (e.g., when the ambient temperature is below 25 degrees Celsius), the heated hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 flows into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 through the second hot liquid inlet 7113 and the second hot liquid outlet 7114 to regulate the temperature of the liquid in the first liquid cooling plate 7100. Alternatively, the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate 7100 is further regulated by the flow of heated hot liquid from the hot liquid buffer tank 40 through the second hot liquid inlet 7113 and the second hot liquid outlet 7114. This allows the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 to reach a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity grading. Under this condition, the air-source heat pump system does not need to cool the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, meaning there is no need to specifically start the compressor for cooling, thus achieving energy saving to a certain extent.

[0099] Alternatively, when the ambient temperature of the first battery pack forming and capacity testing unit 71 is below 25 degrees Celsius, the second hot liquid inlet 7113 and the second hot liquid outlet 7114 are used to allow the heated hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 to flow into and out of the first liquid cooling plate 7100 (at this time, the cold liquid buffer tank 30 does not need to output cold liquid to the first liquid cooling plate 7100) so as to adjust the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate 7100 so as to achieve the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing for the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100.

[0100] Optionally, the hot and cold fluids in this application may include, but are not limited to, any one of the following: water, ethylene glycol, or transformer oil.

[0101] Optionally, the air source heating and cooling system includes: condenser 20, hot liquid buffer tank 40, expansion valve 50, evaporator 60, cold liquid buffer tank 30, first three-way valve 211, second three-way valve 212, and in addition to refrigerant pipes, it may also include, but is not limited to: connecting pipe 4, third water pump 38, and liquid storage tank 80.

[0102] The connecting pipe 4 is used to connect the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and the hot liquid buffer tank 40, so as to keep the liquid level of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 at the same height. The connecting pipe 4 includes a first pipe opening and a second pipe opening. The first pipe opening is located on the side wall of the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and communicates with the cold liquid buffer tank 30. The second pipe opening is located on the side wall of the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and communicates with the hot liquid buffer tank 40. The first pipe opening and the second pipe opening are not on the same horizontal plane, that is, there is a height difference between the first pipe opening and the second pipe opening in the vertical direction.

[0103] When the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and the liquid level of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 are both lower than the preset liquid level, the third water pump 38 is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank 80 into the cold liquid buffer tank 30.

[0104] The third water pump 38 can be used to draw liquid from the storage tank 80 into the cold liquid buffer tank 30 or the hot liquid buffer tank 40;

[0105] In addition to the first cold liquid outlet 34 and the first cold liquid inlet 35, the cold liquid buffer tank 30 may also include, but is not limited to:

[0106] The system includes a first atmospheric connection pipe 31, a first water level detector 32, a first overflow pipe 33, a first electrically controlled two-way valve 36, a first ball valve 37, and a first temperature sensor; wherein...

[0107] The first atmospheric connection pipe 31 can be used to connect with the atmosphere, ensuring that the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is connected to the atmosphere and preventing the cold liquid buffer tank 30 from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure.

[0108] The first water level detector 32 can be used to detect the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30. When the liquid level of the cold liquid is lower than the preset height, an alarm is triggered, and the third water pump 38 is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank 80 into the cold liquid buffer tank 30.

[0109] The first overflow pipe 33 is used to discharge the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 into the storage tank 80 when the liquid level in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 continuously rises to approach the volume of the cold liquid buffer tank 30.

[0110] The first electrically controlled two-way valve 36 can be used to: drain the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 to the storage tank 80 when the liquid level in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 continuously rises to approach the volume of the cold liquid buffer tank 30, or when the liquid level in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 continuously rises to approach the volume of the hot liquid buffer tank 40.

[0111] The first ball valve 37 can be used to release the coolant in the coolant buffer tank 30 when cleaning the coolant buffer tank 30.

[0112] The first temperature sensor can be used to detect the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30.

[0113] In addition to the first hydrothermal outlet 44 and the first hydrothermal inlet 45, the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 may also include, but is not limited to:

[0114] The system includes a second atmospheric connection pipe 41, a second water level detector 42, a second overflow pipe 43, a second ball valve 46, and a second temperature sensor; among which...

[0115] The second atmospheric connection pipe 41 can be used to connect with the atmosphere, ensuring that the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 is connected to the atmosphere and preventing the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure.

[0116] The second water level detector 42 can be used to detect the liquid level of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40. When the liquid level of the hot liquid is lower than the preset liquid level, an alarm is triggered, and the third water pump 38 is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank 80 into the cold liquid buffer tank 30 so that the liquid level of the cold liquid exceeds the height of the first pipe opening set on the side wall of the cold liquid buffer tank 30 in the connecting pipe 4, so that liquid is injected into the hot liquid buffer tank 40 through the connecting pipe 4.

[0117] The second temperature sensor can be used to detect the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40.

[0118] The second overflow pipe 43 can be used to discharge the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 into the storage tank 80 when the liquid level of the cold liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 continuously rises to approach the volume of the hot liquid buffer tank 40.

[0119] The second ball valve 46 can be used to release the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 when cleaning the hot liquid buffer tank 40.

[0120] The liquid storage tank 80 includes a third atmospheric connection pipe 801, wherein the third atmospheric connection pipe 801 is used to connect with the atmosphere to ensure that the liquid storage tank 80 is connected to the atmosphere and to prevent the liquid storage tank 80 from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure.

[0121] The liquid storage tank 80 includes, in addition to, a third atmospheric connection pipe 801, a third ball valve 802, a third water level detector 803, and a second electrically controlled two-way valve 804. The third ball valve 802 is used to release the liquid in the liquid storage tank 80 when cleaning the liquid storage tank 80. The second electrically controlled two-way valve 804 can be used to trigger an alarm when the third water level detector 803 detects that the liquid level in the liquid storage tank 80 is lower than a preset lower limit liquid level, and to trigger the second electrically controlled two-way valve 804 to inject external liquid into the liquid storage tank 80.

[0122] Optionally, a third hot liquid inlet 7213 is also provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid outlet 44 and the first pressure regulating valve 902 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40, which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 in the second fractionation and dispensing machine 72. A third hot liquid outlet 7214 is also provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid inlet 45 and the first filter 904 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40, which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 in the second fractionation and dispensing machine 72, to control the flow of hot liquid through the second liquid cooling plate 7200 in the second tray 720. The second battery pack connected to 200 reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation, that is, the surface of the second battery pack is heated by the second liquid cooling plate 7200 to achieve precise and uniform temperature control of the second battery pack; wherein, a fifth electromagnetic switch valve 7203 is provided between the third hot liquid inlet 7213 and the second formation and capacity integration machine 72, and a sixth electromagnetic switch valve 7204 is provided between the third hot liquid outlet 7214 and the second formation and capacity integration machine 72; the fifth electromagnetic switch valve 7203 and the sixth electromagnetic switch valve 7204 are opened or closed simultaneously;

[0123] A third cold liquid inlet 7211, connected to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 in the second fractionation and dispensing integrated machine 72, is also provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid outlet 34 and the second pressure regulating valve 906 of the cold liquid buffer tank 30. A third cold liquid outlet 7212, connected to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 in the second fractionation and dispensing integrated machine 72, is also provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid inlet 35 and the second filter 908 of the cold liquid buffer tank 30, to control the second electrical... The battery pack reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing, that is, the surface of the battery pack is cooled by the second liquid cooling plate 7200, achieving precise and uniform temperature control of the second battery pack. A seventh electromagnetic valve 7201 is installed between the third cold liquid inlet 7211 and the second integrated capacity testing and formation machine 72, and an eighth electromagnetic valve 7202 is installed between the third cold liquid outlet 7212 and the second integrated capacity testing and formation machine 72. The seventh electromagnetic valve 7201 and the eighth electromagnetic valve 7202 open or close simultaneously; the second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature. The second battery pack can be a battery pack composed of multiple cells connected in series and parallel.

[0124] It should be noted that the second formation and capacity testing machine 72 in this application can both form the second battery pack and perform capacity testing on the second battery pack, thereby improving the efficiency of the second formation and capacity testing machine 72.

[0125] Optionally, in this application, when the first formation and capacity testing machine 71 performs formation on the first battery pack in the first tray 710, the second formation and capacity testing machine 72 can perform capacity testing on the second battery pack in the second tray 720. Or, when the first formation and capacity testing machine 71 performs capacity testing on the first battery pack, the second formation and capacity testing machine 72 can perform formation on the second battery pack.

[0126] Preferably, the first preset temperature can be 45 degrees Celsius, and the second preset temperature can be 25 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the heated liquid can be 45 degrees Celsius or 55 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the cooled liquid can be 18 degrees Celsius or other temperatures. This application does not impose any restrictions. It should be noted that the first or second battery pack will generate heat during battery formation or battery capacity testing, which will cause the battery temperature to rise.

[0127] Optionally, when the first electromagnetic switch valve 7103 is open, the third electromagnetic switch valve 7101 is closed. With the above settings, hot liquid can be injected into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710, while cold liquid is injected into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 at the same time; when the third electromagnetic switch valve 7101 is open, the first electromagnetic switch valve 7103 is closed. With the above settings, cold liquid can be injected into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710, while hot liquid is injected into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 at the same time.

[0128] When the fifth solenoid valve 7203 is opened, the seventh solenoid valve 7201 is closed. Through the above settings, hot liquid is injected into the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720, while cold liquid is injected into the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 at the same time. When the seventh solenoid valve 7201 is opened, the fifth solenoid valve 7203 is closed. Through the above settings, cold liquid is injected into the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720, while hot liquid is injected into the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 at the same time.

[0129] Optionally, when the first battery pack in the first formation and capacity testing machine 71 is undergoing battery formation, the first electromagnetic switch valve 7103 is opened and the third electromagnetic switch valve 7101 is closed. Through the above settings, hot liquid is injected into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 so that the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. When the first battery pack in the first formation and capacity testing machine 71 is undergoing battery capacity testing, the third electromagnetic switch valve 7101 is opened and the first electromagnetic switch valve 7103 is closed. Through the above settings, based on the completion of the battery formation operation of the first battery pack, that is, based on the first liquid cooling plate 7100 injected with hot liquid, cold liquid is further injected into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 so that the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate 7100 reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing, and the battery capacity testing of the first battery pack continues.

[0130] Optionally, the evaporator 60 and the condenser 20 are installed in series and are closely connected to each other to achieve heat transfer between the evaporator 60 and the condenser 20, and the evaporator 60 and the condenser 20 share a fan 400.

[0131] Alternatively, the evaporator 60 and the condenser 20 can also be connected via a plate heat exchanger.

[0132] It should be noted that the air-source heat pump system in this application includes, in addition to: a fourth hot liquid outlet and a fourth hot liquid inlet distributed on the hot liquid pipeline, a fourth cold liquid outlet and a fourth cold liquid inlet distributed on the cold liquid pipeline, a first and a second integrated batching and dispensing machine 71, and a third integrated batching and dispensing machine 72, including but not limited to: a third integrated batching and dispensing machine with a third tray.

[0133] The fourth cold liquid inlet and the fifth cold liquid outlet are connected to the third liquid cooling plate of the third tray in the third formation and capacity testing machine. The fourth hot liquid outlet and the fourth hot liquid inlet are also connected to the third liquid cooling plate of the third tray in the third formation and capacity testing machine. The third liquid cooling plate can be used to heat or cool the surface of the third battery pack, achieving precise and uniform temperature control of the third battery pack in the third tray. The first, second, and third battery packs are different battery packs, and the first, second, and third formation and capacity testing machines 71, 72, and 73 are different machines used for forming and capacity testing the batteries.

[0134] It should be noted that when the first chemical separation and volumetric mixing unit 71 is used for chemical separation, and when the second, third, and fourth chemical separation and volumetric mixing units 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 70, 79, 71, 79, 70, 79 ...

[0135] Compared to existing technologies, where battery formation typically requires a high-temperature chamber of 45 degrees Celsius and battery capacity testing usually requires an air-conditioned chamber of 25 degrees Celsius, the air-source heat pump system mentioned in this application (which regulates the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 to achieve precise and uniform temperature control of the battery packs in each battery tray) allows both battery formation and capacity testing to be conducted in a normal temperature environment. This eliminates the need to build and maintain a dedicated high-temperature chamber for the formation process and reduces reliance on air-conditioned environments for capacity testing, significantly reducing investment in environmental control equipment and energy consumption. More importantly, it frees operators from the high-temperature, stuffy, and strictly temperature-controlled working environment, allowing them to complete operations at room temperature, greatly improving their working environment and enhancing their comfort and safety.

[0136] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a control method applied to an air-source heat pump system, as provided in this application. Figure 5 As shown, the control method may include, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0137] S501, The temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is detected by a first temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, and the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is detected by a second temperature sensor placed in the hot liquid buffer tank 40.

[0138] In this application, the first temperature sensor is placed in the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and can detect the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, and the second temperature sensor is placed in the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and can detect the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40.

[0139] S502. When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is lower than the first lower limit temperature, the first three-way valve 211 is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet 47 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 and the first refrigerant inlet 201 of the condenser 20. After the compressor 10 is running, the refrigerant output from the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 flows through the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet 47 and then through the inner wall of the first coil 101 of the compressor in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 to heat the first coil 101 of the compressor, thereby raising the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 that is in contact with the outer wall of the first coil 101 of the compressor, so as to heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and obtain the heated hot liquid. The refrigerant and the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 are isolated by the inner and outer walls of the first coil 101 of the compressor.

[0140] In this application, when the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is lower than the first lower limit temperature, the first three-way valve 211 is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet 47 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 and the first refrigerant inlet 201 of the condenser 20, after which the condenser 20 stops working.

[0141] S503, the first pressure regulating valve 902 distributed on the hot liquid pipeline regulates the pressure in the hot liquid pipeline, and outputs the heated hot liquid through the first hot liquid outlet 44 to the second hot liquid inlet 7113, and flows through the second hot liquid inlet 7113 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity integrated machine 71, and flows out from the second hot liquid outlet 7114, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 in the first tray 710 reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

[0142] In this application, the first pressure regulating valve 902 distributed on the hydrothermal pipeline regulates the pressure in the hydrothermal pipeline, which can prevent the pressure in the hydrothermal pipeline from impacting the relevant components in the hydrothermal pipeline and reduce the pump load of the first water pump 901.

[0143] S504. When the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is greater than the second upper limit temperature, the second three-way valve 212 is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet 310 of the cold liquid buffer tank 30, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 and the third refrigerant outlet 602 of the evaporator 60. After the compressor 10 starts running, the refrigerant enters the cold liquid buffer tank 30 from the third refrigerant copper pipe inlet 39 and flows through the inner wall of the second coil 102 of the compressor in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 to cool the second coil 102 of the compressor. This reduces the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 that is in contact with the outer wall of the second coil 102 of the compressor, thereby cooling the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and obtaining the cooled refrigerant. The refrigerant and the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 are isolated by the inner and outer walls of the second coil 102 of the compressor.

[0144] In this application, when the temperature of the refrigerant in the refrigerant buffer tank 30 is greater than the second upper limit temperature, the second three-way valve 212 is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet 310 of the refrigerant buffer tank 30 and disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 and the third refrigerant outlet 602 of the evaporator 60, and then the evaporator 60 stops working.

[0145] It should be noted that, as can be seen from step S502, when the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is lower than the first lower limit temperature, the compressor 10 will be triggered to run or operate, causing the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 that is in contact with the outer wall of the first coil 101 of the compressor to rise, so as to heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 and obtain heated hot liquid. As can be seen from step S504, when the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is higher than the second upper limit temperature, the compressor 10 will be triggered to run or operate, causing the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 that is in contact with the outer wall of the second coil 102 of the compressor to drop, so as to cool the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 and obtain cooled cold liquid.

[0146] As can be seen from the above, the working principle of the compressor in this application differs from the working or control principle of the compressor in a conventional air conditioner. For example, in a hot summer, after the air conditioner is set to cooling mode, the indoor temperature is set to 24 degrees Celsius. When the indoor temperature reaches 24 degrees Celsius, the air conditioner goes into standby mode (the compressor does not work). Only when the indoor temperature exceeds 24 degrees Celsius does the compressor in the air conditioner start running. However, the solution in this application requires the compressor to compress the energy generated by the high-temperature refrigerant, simultaneously cooling and heating. This allows the air-source heat pump system in this application to generate both cooling cold liquid and heating hot liquid. The cooling cold liquid generated is used to provide a suitable temperature for the battery pack being sized, and the heating hot liquid generated by the high-temperature refrigerant is used to provide a suitable temperature for the battery pack being formed. In addition to triggering the compressor 10 to run or operate when the temperature of the cold liquid is higher than the second upper limit temperature, the compressor 10 is also triggered to run or operate when the temperature of the hot liquid is lower than the first lower limit temperature.

[0147] S505, the second pressure regulating valve 906 distributed on the cold liquid pipeline regulates the pressure in the cold liquid pipeline, outputting the cooled cold liquid through the first cold liquid outlet 34 to the second cold liquid inlet 7111, and flowing through the second cold liquid inlet 7111 into the first liquid cooling plate 7100 of the first tray 710 in the first formation and capacity integration machine 71, and flowing out from the second cold liquid outlet 7112, so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate 7100 in the first tray 710 reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity formation.

[0148] In this application, the second pressure regulating valve 906 distributed on the cold liquid pipeline regulates the pressure in the cold liquid pipeline, which can prevent the pressure in the cold liquid pipeline from impacting the components in the cold liquid pipeline and reduce the pump load of the second water pump 905.

[0149] Optionally, after detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the following additional steps may be taken:

[0150] When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is higher than the first upper limit temperature, the first three-way valve 211 is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 and the first refrigerant inlet 201 of the condenser 20, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet 103 of the compressor 10 and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet 47 of the hot liquid buffer tank 40. The condenser 20 is then activated to dissipate heat from the refrigerant entering the condenser 20 through the first refrigerant inlet 201. At this time, the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 can automatically dissipate heat through the surrounding environment.

[0151] Optionally, after detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the following additional steps may be taken:

[0152] When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is greater than or equal to the first lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is less than or equal to the second upper limit temperature, the compressor 10 stops.

[0153] Optionally, after detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the following additional steps may be taken:

[0154] When the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is lower than the second lower limit temperature, the second three-way valve 212 is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 and the third refrigerant outlet 602 of the evaporator 60, and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet 104 of the compressor 10 and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet 310 of the cold liquid buffer tank 30. The evaporator 60 operates to heat the refrigerant entering the evaporator 60 through the third refrigerant inlet 601. At this time, the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 automatically absorbs heat from the surrounding environment. The first coil 101 and the second coil of the compressor 10 are coils at different positions on the compressor 10.

[0155] Optionally, after detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the following additional steps may be taken:

[0156] When the temperature of the coolant in the coolant buffer tank 30 exceeds the second upper limit temperature

[0157] The compressor 10 operates to lower the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 that is in contact with the outer wall of the compressor's second coil 102; the compressor 10 is also connected to the hot liquid buffer tank 40 to raise the temperature of the hot liquid, or the compressor 10 is also connected to the condenser 20 to dissipate heat from the refrigerant output by the compressor 10 to the condenser 20.

[0158] Optionally, after detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the following additional steps may be taken:

[0159] When the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 is lower than the first lower limit temperature

[0160] The compressor 10 operates to raise the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 that is in contact with the outer wall of the compressor's first coil 101; wherein the compressor 10 is also connected to the cold liquid buffer tank 30 to lower the temperature of the cold liquid, or the compressor 10 is also connected to the evaporator 60 to heat the refrigerant output by the compressor 10 to the evaporator 60.

[0161] Optionally, after detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank 40 and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank 30, the following additional steps may be taken:

[0162] When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 is lower than the first lower limit temperature and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 is higher than the second upper limit temperature, the compressor 10 operates, so that the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank 40 that is in contact with the outer wall of the first coil 101 of the compressor increases, and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank 30 that is in contact with the outer wall of the second coil 102 of the compressor decreases, and the condenser 20 and the evaporator 60 do not work.

[0163] Optionally, after the first pressure regulating valve 902 distributed on the hydrothermal pipeline regulates the pressure in the hydrothermal pipeline, it may also include, but is not limited to:

[0164] The heated hot liquid is output through the first hot liquid outlet 44 to the third hot liquid inlet 7213, and then input through the third hot liquid inlet 7213 to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 in the second formation and capacity integration machine 72, so that the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 in the second tray 720 reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

[0165] Optionally, after the second pressure regulating valve 906 distributed on the coolant pipeline regulates the pressure in the coolant pipeline, it may also include, but is not limited to:

[0166] The cooled liquid is output through the first cold liquid outlet 34 to the third cold liquid inlet 7211, and flows through the third cold liquid inlet 7211 into the second liquid cooling plate 7200 of the second tray 720 in the second formation and capacity integration machine 72, and flows out from the third cold liquid outlet 7212, so that the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate 7200 in the second tray 720 reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity formation.

[0167] Figures 1 to 5 This is only used to illustrate the embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0168] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the method steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this application can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0169] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the devices and equipment described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0170] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the composition and steps of each example have been described. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0171] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface or module, or it may be an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.

[0172] Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0173] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An air-source heat pump system, characterized in that, include: Compressor (10), condenser (20), hot liquid buffer tank (40), expansion valve (50), evaporator (60), cold liquid buffer tank (30), first three-way valve (211), second three-way valve (212), refrigerant piping; wherein, The refrigerant pipeline is located between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) and the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet (104) of the compressor (10). The refrigerant pipeline is equipped with a condenser (20), a hot liquid buffer tank (40), an expansion valve (50), an evaporator (60), a cold liquid buffer tank (30), a first three-way valve (211), and a second three-way valve (212). The first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) is connected to the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet (47) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and the first refrigerant inlet (201) of the condenser (20) via the first three-way valve (211) and the refrigerant pipe. The second refrigerant copper pipe outlet (48) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and the first refrigerant outlet (202) of the condenser (20) are connected to the second refrigerant inlet (501) of the expansion valve (50). The second refrigerant outlet (502) of the expansion valve (50) is connected to the third refrigerant inlet (601) of the evaporator (60) and the cold liquid buffer. The third refrigerant copper pipe inlet (39) of the flushing tank (30) is connected; the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet (104) of the compressor (10) is connected to the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet (310) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30) and the third refrigerant outlet (602) of the evaporator (60) respectively through the second three-way valve (212) and the refrigerant pipe, so as to realize the heating of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) to obtain the heated hot liquid, and to realize the cooling of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) to obtain the cooled cold liquid, wherein the temperature of the heated hot liquid is greater than the temperature of the cooled cold liquid; wherein, The first three-way valve (211) and the second three-way valve (212) are different three-way valves; the temperature of the heated liquid is between the first lower limit temperature and the first upper limit temperature, the first lower limit temperature is less than the first upper limit temperature; the temperature of the cooled liquid is between the second lower limit temperature and the second upper limit temperature, the second lower limit temperature is less than the second upper limit temperature. The compressor (10) will not be connected to the condenser (20) and the hot liquid buffer tank (40) at the same time based on the first three-way valve (211), and the compressor (10) will not be connected to the evaporator (60) and the cold liquid buffer tank (30) at the same time based on the second three-way valve (212); A hot liquid pipe is provided between the first hot liquid outlet (44) and the first hot liquid inlet (45) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) for the heated hot liquid to flow through. The hot liquid pipe is provided with a first pressure regulating valve (902), a first throttling pipe (903) connected in parallel with the first pressure regulating valve (902), a first filter (904) for filtering the hot liquid, and a first water pump (901) for applying pressure to the hot liquid in the hot liquid pipe. The hot liquid pipe between the first hot liquid outlet (44) and the first pressure regulating valve (902) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) is provided with a second hot liquid inlet (7113) connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (710) in the first chemical separation and dispensing machine (71). The first hot liquid inlet (45) and the first filter are connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (710) in the first chemical separation and dispensing machine (71). A second hot liquid outlet (7114) is provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the device (904) and the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (710) in the first formation and capacity integration machine (71) so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) in the first tray (710) reaches a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation. A first electromagnetic switch valve (7103) is provided between the second hot liquid inlet (7113) and the first formation and capacity integration machine (71), and a second electromagnetic switch valve (7104) is provided between the second hot liquid outlet (7114) and the first formation and capacity integration machine (71). The first electromagnetic switch valve (7103) and the second electromagnetic switch valve (7104) are opened or closed at the same time. The first throttling pipe (903) is used to ensure that the hot liquid in the hot liquid pipeline is flowing at any time. A cold liquid pipe through which the cooled cold liquid flows is provided between the first cold liquid outlet (34) and the first cold liquid inlet (35) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30). The cold liquid pipe is equipped with a second pressure regulating valve (906), a second filter (908) for filtering the cold liquid, a second throttle pipe (907) connected in parallel with the second pressure regulating valve (906), and a second water pump (905) for applying pressure to the cold liquid in the cold liquid pipe. A second cold liquid inlet (7111) connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (7100) in the first batching and dispensing machine (71) is provided on the cold liquid pipe between the first cold liquid outlet (34) and the second pressure regulating valve (906) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30). A second cold liquid inlet (7111) connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (7100) in the first batching and dispensing machine (71) is provided on the cold liquid pipe between the first cold liquid inlet (35) and the second filter (908) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30). 00) The second cold liquid outlet (7112) is connected to the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) in the first tray (710) to reach a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity division. A third electromagnetic switch valve (7101) is provided between the second cold liquid inlet (7111) and the first capacity division integrated machine (71), and a fourth electromagnetic switch valve (7102) is provided between the second cold liquid outlet (7112) and the first capacity division integrated machine (71). The third electromagnetic switch valve (7101) and the fourth electromagnetic switch valve (7102) are opened or closed at the same time. The second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature. The second throttling pipe (907) is used to ensure that the cold liquid in the cold liquid pipeline is flowing at any time. The first filter (904) is provided between the first pressure regulating valve (902) and the first hot liquid inlet (45), and the second filter (908) is provided between the second pressure regulating valve (906) and the first cold liquid inlet (35).

2. The air-source heat pump system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air-source heat pump system also includes: a connecting pipe (4), a third water pump (38), and a liquid storage tank (80); A connecting pipe (4) is used to connect the cold liquid buffer tank (30) and the hot liquid buffer tank (40) to maintain the liquid level of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) at the same height. The connecting pipe (4) includes a first port and a second port. The first port is located on the side wall of the cold liquid buffer tank (30) and is connected to the cold liquid buffer tank (30). The second port is located on the side wall of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and is connected to the hot liquid buffer tank (40). When the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) and the liquid level of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) are both lower than the preset liquid level, the third water pump (38) is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank (80) into the cold liquid buffer tank (30) or the hot liquid buffer tank (40). In addition to the first cold liquid outlet (34) and the first cold liquid inlet (35), the cold liquid buffer tank (30) also includes: The system includes a first atmospheric connection pipe (31), a first water level detector (32), a first overflow pipe (33), a first electrically controlled two-way valve (36), and a first ball valve (37); among which, The first atmospheric connection pipe (31) is used to connect with the atmosphere to ensure that the cold liquid buffer tank (30) is connected to the atmosphere and to prevent the cold liquid buffer tank (30) from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure. The first water level detector (32) is used to detect the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30). When the liquid level of the cold liquid is lower than the preset height, an alarm is triggered, and the third water pump (38) is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank (80) into the cold liquid buffer tank (30). The first overflow pipe (33) is used to discharge the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) into the storage tank (80) when the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) continues to rise to approach the volume of the cold liquid buffer tank (30). The first electrically controlled two-way valve (36) is used to: discharge the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) to the storage tank (80) when the liquid level of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) continuously rises to approach the volume of the cold liquid buffer tank (30), or when the liquid level of the cold liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) continuously rises to approach the volume of the hot liquid buffer tank (40). The first ball valve (37) is used to release the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) when cleaning the cold liquid buffer tank (30); In addition to the first hydrothermal outlet (44) and the first hydrothermal inlet (45), the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) also includes: The system includes a second atmospheric connection pipe (41), a second water level detector (42), a second overflow pipe (43), and a second ball valve (46); among which, The second atmospheric connection pipe (41) is used to connect with the atmosphere to ensure that the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) is connected to the atmosphere and to prevent the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure. The second water level detector (42) is used to detect the liquid level height of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40). When the liquid level height of the hot liquid is lower than the preset liquid level height, an alarm is triggered, and the third water pump (38) is triggered to draw liquid from the storage tank (80) into the cold liquid buffer tank (30) so that the liquid level height of the cold liquid exceeds the height of the first pipe opening set on the side wall of the cold liquid buffer tank (30) in the connecting pipe (4), so that liquid is injected into the hot liquid buffer tank (40) through the connecting pipe (4). The second overflow pipe (43) is used to discharge the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) into the storage tank (80) when the liquid level of the cold liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) continues to rise to approach the volume of the hot liquid buffer tank (40). The second ball valve (46) is used to release the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) when cleaning the hot liquid buffer tank (40); The liquid storage tank (80) includes: a third atmospheric connection pipe (801), wherein the third atmospheric connection pipe (801) is used to connect with the atmosphere to ensure that the liquid storage tank (80) is connected with the atmosphere and to prevent the liquid storage tank (80) from malfunctioning due to positive or negative pressure; The liquid storage tank (80) also includes a third ball valve (802), wherein the third ball valve (802) is used to drain the liquid in the liquid storage tank (80) when cleaning the liquid storage tank (80).

3. The air-source heat pump system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A third hot liquid inlet (7213) is also provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid outlet (44) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and the first pressure regulating valve (902), which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) of the second tray (720) in the second fractionation and dispensing machine (72). A third hot liquid outlet is also provided on the hot liquid pipeline between the first hot liquid inlet (45) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and the first filter (904), which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) of the second tray (720) in the second fractionation and dispensing machine (72). (7214) to control the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) in the second tray (720) to reach a first preset temperature suitable for battery formation, wherein a fifth electromagnetic switch valve (7203) is provided between the third hydrothermal inlet (7213) and the second formation and capacity integration machine (72), and a sixth electromagnetic switch valve (7204) is provided between the third hydrothermal outlet (7214) and the second formation and capacity integration machine (72); the fifth electromagnetic switch valve (7203) and the sixth electromagnetic switch valve (7204) are opened or closed simultaneously; A third cold liquid inlet (7211) is also provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid outlet (34) and the second pressure regulating valve (906) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30), which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) of the second tray (720) in the second chemical separation and dispensing machine (72). A third cold liquid outlet (7212) is also provided on the cold liquid pipeline between the first cold liquid inlet (35) and the second filter (908) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30), which is connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) of the second tray (720) in the second chemical separation and dispensing machine (72). The second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) in the second tray (720) is controlled to reach a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity separation. A seventh electromagnetic switch valve (7201) is provided between the third cold liquid inlet (7211) and the second integrated capacity separation machine (72), and an eighth electromagnetic switch valve (7202) is provided between the third cold liquid outlet (7212) and the second integrated capacity separation machine (72). The seventh electromagnetic switch valve (7201) and the eighth electromagnetic switch valve (7202) are opened or closed simultaneously. The second preset temperature is lower than the first preset temperature.

4. The air-source heat pump system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the first electromagnetic switch valve (7103) is opened, the third electromagnetic switch valve (7101) is closed; when the third electromagnetic switch valve (7101) is opened, the first electromagnetic switch valve (7103) is closed. When the fifth solenoid valve (7203) is open, the seventh solenoid valve (7201) is closed; when the seventh solenoid valve (7201) is open, the fifth solenoid valve (7203) is closed.

5. The air-source heat pump system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The evaporator (60) and condenser (20) are connected in series and are closely connected to each other to achieve heat transfer between the evaporator (60) and condenser (20), and the evaporator (60) and condenser (20) share a fan (400).

6. The air-source heat pump system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the ambient temperature of the first formation and capacity integration machine (71) exceeds 45 degrees Celsius, the second cold liquid inlet (7111) and the second cold liquid outlet (7112) are used to allow the cooled cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) to flow into and out of the first liquid cooling plate (7100) to adjust the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate (7100) so that the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate (7100) reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

7. The air-source heat pump system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the ambient temperature of the first battery pack forming and capacity testing machine (71) is below 25 degrees Celsius, the second hot liquid inlet (7113) and the second hot liquid outlet (7114) are used to allow the heated hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) to flow into and out of the first liquid cooling plate (7100) to adjust the temperature of the first liquid cooling plate (7100) so that the first battery pack in contact with the first liquid cooling plate (7100) reaches a second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity testing.

8. A control method applied to the air-source heat pump system according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, include: The temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) is detected by a first temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) and the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) is detected by a second temperature sensor placed in the hot liquid buffer tank (40). When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) is lower than the first lower limit temperature, the first three-way valve (211) is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet (47) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) and the first refrigerant inlet (201) of the condenser (20). After the compressor (10) starts running, the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) is connected to the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) and the first refrigerant inlet (201) of the condenser (20). The refrigerant output passes through the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet (47) and flows through the inner wall of the compressor first coil (101) set in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) to heat the compressor first coil (101), so that the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) in contact with the outer wall of the compressor first coil (101) rises, so as to heat the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) and obtain the heated hot liquid. The refrigerant and the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) are isolated by the inner and outer walls of the compressor first coil (101). The first pressure regulating valve (902) distributed on the hot liquid pipeline regulates the pressure in the hot liquid pipeline, and outputs the heated hot liquid through the first hot liquid outlet (44) to the second hot liquid inlet (7113), and flows through the second hot liquid inlet (7113) into the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (710) in the first formation and capacity integrated machine (71), and flows out from the second hot liquid outlet (7114), so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) in the first tray (710) reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation; When the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) exceeds the second upper limit temperature, the second three-way valve (212) is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet (104) of the compressor (10) and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet (310) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30), and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet (104) of the compressor (10) and the third refrigerant outlet (602) of the evaporator (60). After the compressor (10) starts running, the refrigerant flows from the third refrigerant copper pipe inlet of the cold liquid buffer tank (30)... After the refrigerant (39) enters the cold liquid buffer tank (30), it flows through the inner wall of the compressor second coil (102) in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) to cool the compressor second coil (102), thereby reducing the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) that is in contact with the outer wall of the compressor second coil (102) to achieve the cooling of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) and obtain the cooled cold liquid. The refrigerant and the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) are isolated by the inner and outer walls of the compressor second coil (102). The second pressure regulating valve (906) distributed on the cold liquid pipeline regulates the pressure in the cold liquid pipeline, and outputs the cooled cold liquid through the first cold liquid outlet (34) to the second cold liquid inlet (7111), and flows through the second cold liquid inlet (7111) into the first liquid cooling plate (7100) of the first tray (710) in the first formation and capacity integration machine (71), and flows out from the second cold liquid outlet (7112), so that the first battery pack connected to the first liquid cooling plate (7100) in the first tray (710) reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity.

9. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30), the method further includes: When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) is greater than the first upper limit temperature, the first three-way valve (211) is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) and the first refrigerant inlet (201) of the condenser (20) and to disconnect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe outlet (103) of the compressor (10) and the second refrigerant copper pipe inlet (47) of the hot liquid buffer tank (40). The condenser (20) is then activated to dissipate heat from the refrigerant that enters the condenser (20) through the first refrigerant inlet (201).

10. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30), the method further includes: When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) is greater than or equal to the first lower limit temperature, and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) is less than or equal to the second upper limit temperature, the compressor (10) stops.

11. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30), the method further includes: When the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) is lower than the second lower limit temperature, the second three-way valve (212) is controlled to connect the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet (104) of the compressor (10) and the third refrigerant outlet (602) of the evaporator (60) and to cut off the branch between the first refrigerant copper pipe inlet (104) of the compressor (10) and the third refrigerant copper pipe outlet (310) of the cold liquid buffer tank (30). The evaporator (60) is operated to heat the refrigerant that enters the evaporator (60) through the third refrigerant inlet (601) through the evaporator (60). The first coil (101) of the compressor and the second coil of the compressor (10) are coils at different positions on the compressor (10).

12. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30), the method further includes: When the temperature of the coolant in the coolant buffer tank (30) is greater than the second upper limit temperature, The compressor (10) operates to reduce the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) that is in contact with the outer wall of the second coil (102) of the compressor; wherein the compressor (10) is also connected to the hot liquid buffer tank (40) to increase the temperature of the hot liquid, or the compressor (10) is also connected to the condenser (20) to dissipate heat from the refrigerant output by the compressor (10) to the condenser (20).

13. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30), the method further includes: When the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) is lower than the first lower limit temperature, The compressor (10) operates to raise the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) that is in contact with the outer wall of the first coil (101) of the compressor; wherein the compressor (10) is also connected to the cold liquid buffer tank (30) to lower the temperature of the cold liquid, or the compressor (10) is also connected to the evaporator (60) to heat the refrigerant output by the compressor (10) to the evaporator (60).

14. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After detecting the temperature of the hydrothermal fluid in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) using a first temperature sensor placed in the hydrothermal buffer tank (40) and detecting the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) using a second temperature sensor placed in the cold liquid buffer tank (30), the method further includes: When the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) is lower than the first lower limit temperature and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) is higher than the second upper limit temperature, the compressor (10) operates, so that the temperature of the hot liquid in the hot liquid buffer tank (40) in contact with the outer wall of the first coil (101) of the compressor increases, and the temperature of the cold liquid in the cold liquid buffer tank (30) in contact with the outer wall of the second coil (102) of the compressor decreases, and the condenser (20) and the evaporator (60) do not work.

15. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After the first pressure regulating valve (902) distributed on the hydrothermal pipeline regulates the pressure in the hydrothermal pipeline, it also includes: The heated hot liquid is output through the first hot liquid outlet (44) to the third hot liquid inlet (7213), and input through the third hot liquid inlet (7213) to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) of the second tray (720) in the second formation and capacity integration machine (72), so that the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) in the second tray (720) reaches the first preset temperature suitable for battery formation.

16. The control method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, After the second pressure regulating valve (906) distributed on the coolant pipeline regulates the pressure in the coolant pipeline, it also includes: The cooled liquid is output through the first liquid outlet (34) to the third liquid inlet (7211), and flows through the third liquid inlet (7211) into the second liquid cooling plate (7200) of the second tray (720) in the second formation and capacity integration machine (72), and flows out from the third liquid outlet (7212), so that the second battery pack connected to the second liquid cooling plate (7200) in the second tray (720) reaches the second preset temperature suitable for battery capacity.

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