Passive corona field lightning rod regulation method and system

Abstract

The application provides a passive corona field lightning rod adjusting method and system, and belongs to the technical field of lightning rods. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella cover of the lightning rod as the origin, calibrating the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head, providing a spatial reference for directional and accurate control; collecting the environmental electrostatic field intensity and meteorological parameters in real time, dynamically correcting the lightning cloud field intensity threshold, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter interval, synchronously collecting the lightning rod electric data and ground loop impedance data when the environmental field intensity meets the standard; performing primary control through parameter comparison, ensuring that the lightning rod stably excites the required corona field; collecting the operation data of each discharge ball head, screening the discharge abnormal ball head, and performing directional secondary control combined with the spatial coordinates; tracking the dynamic changes of the lightning cloud electric field, calculating the lightning stroke risk coefficient, and performing adaptive tertiary control as needed. The application generates a stable corona field when the lightning cloud is formed, effectively improving the stability of the passive corona field lightning rod under different environmental conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of lightning arrester technology, specifically relating to a passive corona field lightning arrester control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Lightning is a powerful atmospheric discharge phenomenon generated during the formation of cumulonimbus clouds. It can easily cause irreversible damage to critical locations such as power facilities, industrial buildings, and transportation hubs, leading to major safety accidents and economic losses. Efficient and reliable lightning protection is a core necessity for safe production in many fields. Passive corona field surge arresters (also known as lightning arresters) are the mainstream non-lightning-attracting protection devices. They form an umbrella-shaped charge protection layer above the protected object by generating corona ions through multi-point discharge, suppressing the initiation of upward leaders and blocking the docking of downward leader charges in thunderclouds, thus preventing lightning strikes at the source. Compared with traditional lightning arresters, there is no risk of grounding high-current impact, and the protection adaptability is stronger.

[0003] However, existing passive corona field surge protectors have the following problems: the operating threshold of the equipment is mostly a fixed value, which cannot adapt to the influence of environmental changes such as temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure on the air insulation strength, resulting in poor corona field stability and large fluctuations in protection effect; at the same time, there are problems such as difficulty in effectively exciting the corona field under low thundercloud field strength, inability to locate and control abnormal discharge units, and grounding circuit loss affecting charge transmission efficiency, which cannot guarantee stable surge protection in all scenarios, and thus cannot achieve the ideal surge protection effect.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a passive corona field lightning control method that can adapt to complex atmospheric environments and has the ability to perform precise hierarchical control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a passive corona field lightning arrestor control method and system to solve the aforementioned problems. The method is applied to a passive corona field lightning arrestor connected to the ground via a grounding wire. The main body of the passive corona field lightning arrestor includes a discharge cylinder and a metal umbrella. The metal umbrella is fixedly installed at the top of the discharge cylinder. Several discharge rods are arranged on the upper surface of the metal umbrella, and each discharge rod has a discharge ball head at its top. Several outwardly protruding needle tips are arranged on the discharge ball head. A current probe is installed inside each discharge rod tube and connected to the discharge ball head. This invention achieves environmental adaptive correction of the operating threshold, reliable excitation and uniformity control of the corona field, and dynamic adaptive protection against lightning strike risks, improving the all-scenario protection reliability of passive lightning arrestor equipment.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a passive corona field lightning control method, the method comprising: S1. Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head; S2. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters, correction of thundercloud field strength threshold, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range based on environmental meteorological parameters, and simultaneous acquisition of electrical data of passive corona field surge arrester and impedance data of grounding circuit when the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold. S3. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters, and perform first-level control based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. S4. Collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. S5. Track the changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute the corresponding three-level control according to the changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0007] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S1 are as follows: S101. Set the arc-shaped dot of the metal umbrella as the origin of the coordinate system, and use the position of the dot along the vertical upward direction of the ground as the x-axis to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system; S102. Based on the fixed length of each discharge rod and the angle between the horizontal ground and the vertical plane, determine the specific position coordinates of each discharge ball head in the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0008] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S2 include: S201. Preset the reference thundercloud field strength threshold, the reference air breakdown threshold, and the reference corona field excitation parameter range [Umin0, Umax0] calibrated at the factory of the lightning arrester, where Umin0 is the lower limit of the corona field initial excitation reference and Umax0 is the upper limit of the corona field safe operation reference. S202. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength, and simultaneous acquisition of three sets of meteorological parameters: current ambient temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure, with all data acquisition frequencies kept consistent; S203. Calculate the comprehensive air insulation strength correction factor K corresponding to the current environment based on meteorological parameters; S204. Based on the correction coefficient K, the core threshold is linearly corrected, where: The corrected thundercloud field strength threshold E1 = the baseline thundercloud field strength threshold E 10 ×K; The corrected air breakdown threshold E2 = the baseline air breakdown threshold E 20 ×K; S205. Based on the correction coefficient K, perform full-range linear correction on the corona field excitation parameter range: The lower limit of the real-time corona field excitation parameter range, Umin, is equal to the lower limit of the baseline range, Umin0 × K. The upper limit of the real-time corona field excitation parameter range Umax = the upper limit of the baseline range Umax0 × K; Finally, the real-time corona field excitation parameter range [Umin, Umax] adapted to the current environment is obtained; S206. Compare the real-time collected environmental electrostatic field strength Eenv with E1. When Eenv≥E1, it is determined that a thundercloud has formed. Immediately collect the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester through the current probe, and collect the impedance data of the grounding circuit through the impedance detection unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S203 include: S2031. Based on the standard atmospheric environment, calculate the single-item correction coefficients for temperature (Kt), relative humidity (Krh), and atmospheric pressure (Kp), respectively. All single-item coefficients are calculated using linear calculation rules. S2032. Based on the three individual correction coefficients, the comprehensive air insulation strength correction coefficient K for the current environment is synthesized, and the calculation formula is as follows: K = Kt × Krh × Kp.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S3 include: S301. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters. If the electrical data falls within the range of the corona field excitation parameters, it is confirmed that the passive corona field surge arrester has generated a corona field. S302. If the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester is less than the minimum value of the corrected corona field excitation parameter range, the corresponding positive charge injection compensation level shall be determined by combining the difference between the current electrical data and the minimum value of the range and the grounding loop impedance data. The determination of the corresponding positive charge injection compensation level includes: Preset N-level linear gradient compensation levels, standard grounding impedance reference value R0, single-level reference compensation amount ΔU0, and the highest safety level; Calculate the target compensation difference: ΔU = Minimum value of the corrected corona field excitation range - Current electrical data of the surge arrester; Calculate the impedance correction factor: When the real-time grounding impedance is greater than R0, Kr = real-time grounding impedance / R0; when the real-time grounding impedance is less than or equal to R0, Kr is 1. Total demand compensation = ΔU × Kr. The theoretical level is the rounded-up value of the ratio of total demand compensation to ΔU0. The execution level is the smaller value between the theoretical level and the highest safety level. S303. Induction energization is performed by bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode, and positive charge is injected into the grounding electrode according to the corresponding compensation level. After each level injection is completed, the electrical data of the surge arrester is collected in real time for verification. S304. If the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester still does not fall within the corona field excitation parameter range after verification, increase the compensation level and inject again until the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester stably falls within the range. At the same time, set the injection upper limit to ensure that the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester does not exceed the maximum value of the corona field excitation parameter range.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S4 include: S401. Based on the corona field excitation parameters and the number of each discharge ball head of the passive corona field surge arrester, determine the standard value of the corona field parameters for each discharge ball head; S402. Compare the electrical data of each discharge ball head with the standard value of the corona field parameter. If the electrical data of a single discharge ball head is less than the standard value of the corona field parameter, then mark the single discharge ball head. S403. Based on the determined spatial coordinates of each discharge ball, determine the coordinate values ​​of the marked discharge ball; S404. A positive charge is transferred to the marked discharge ball head through a current probe for secondary regulation, so that the electrical data of the discharge ball head is greater than or equal to the standard value of the corona field parameter.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S5, the formula for calculating the lightning strike risk coefficient is: Lightning strike risk factor = real-time thundercloud electric field strength / corrected air breakdown threshold E2.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S5, the triggering condition for the three-level regulation is: If the lightning strike risk coefficient shows a continuous increasing trend within the preset continuous monitoring period, it is determined that the lightning strike risk has increased, and the level three control is initiated. If the lightning strike risk coefficient shows a continuous decreasing trend within the preset continuous monitoring period, it is determined that the lightning strike risk has decreased, the three-level control is stopped, and the current stable state of the corona field is maintained.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S5, the three-level regulation specifically refers to: By bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode of the passive corona field surge arrester, induced electricity is generated, increasing the amount of positive charge transferred to the passive corona field surge arrester, and the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester is less than or equal to the maximum value of the range of corona field excitation parameters.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a passive corona field lightning control system, the system comprising: The spatial coordinate calibration module is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and to determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head. The parameter acquisition and threshold correction module is used to acquire environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters in real time. Based on the environmental meteorological parameters, it corrects the threshold of thundercloud field strength, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range. When the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold, it simultaneously acquires the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester and the impedance data of the grounding circuit. The primary control module is used to compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters, and to perform primary control based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. The secondary control module is used to collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. The three-level control module is used to track changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute corresponding three-level control according to changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention discloses a passive corona field lightning arrestor control method and system. By acquiring the overall electrical data of the passive corona field lightning arrestor and the electrical data of each discharge ball, the specific locations where the corona field excitation parameters are not met are determined. The operating threshold and corona field excitation parameters are corrected using meteorological parameters, solving the problem that fixed thresholds cannot adapt to environmental changes such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, ensuring control accuracy under different atmospheric conditions. Through primary and secondary control, a stable corona field is generated when thunderclouds form. Simultaneously, the electric field strength of the thundercloud after the corona field is generated is detected in real time and compared with the air breakdown threshold to perform tertiary control of the passive corona field lightning arrestor. This improves the stability of the passive corona field lightning arrestor under different environmental conditions, ensuring that it can form a stable corona field when thunderclouds gather, thereby effectively blocking the downward leader charge of the cloud and achieving the lightning arrestor effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the passive corona field lightning control method of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the passive corona field lightning control system of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The various embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully in the detailed steps of the passive corona field lightning control method described below. The present invention may have various embodiments, and adjustments and changes may be made therein. However, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit the various embodiments of the present invention to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but rather the present invention should be understood to cover all adjustments, equivalents, and / or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] It should be understood that, when used in this specification, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or collections thereof. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0022] The terms "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" used in this application mean that one or more embodiments of this application include the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this application do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0023] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments and accompanying drawings will be used to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions protected by this invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1The diagram illustrates a passive corona field lightning arrester control method. This method is applied to a passive corona field lightning arrester connected to the ground via a grounding wire. The main body of the passive corona field lightning arrester includes a discharge cylinder and a metal umbrella. The metal umbrella is fixedly installed at the top of the discharge cylinder. Several discharge rods are arranged on the upper surface of the metal umbrella, and each discharge rod has a discharge ball head at its top. Several outwardly protruding needle tips are arranged on the discharge ball head. A current probe is installed inside each discharge rod tube and connected to the discharge ball head. The method includes the following steps: S1. Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head; S2. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters, correction of thundercloud field strength threshold, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range based on environmental meteorological parameters, and synchronous acquisition of electrical data of passive corona field surge arrester and impedance data of grounding circuit when the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold. S3. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters, and perform first-level control based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. S4. Collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. S5. Track the changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute the corresponding three-level control according to the changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0025] As a refinement and extension of the specific implementation of the above embodiments, in order to fully illustrate the specific implementation process of this embodiment, another passive corona field lightning control method is provided, which includes the following steps: S1. Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal shroud of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head; the specific steps of step S1 are as follows: S101. Set the arc-shaped dot of the metal umbrella as the origin of the coordinate system, and use the position of the dot along the vertical upward direction of the ground as the x-axis to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system; S102. Based on the fixed length of each discharge rod and the angle between the horizontal ground and the vertical plane, determine the specific position coordinates of each discharge ball head in the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0026] S2. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters, correction of thundercloud field strength threshold, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range based on environmental meteorological parameters, and simultaneous acquisition of electrical data of passive corona field surge arrester and impedance data of grounding circuit when the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold. It should be noted that when thunderclouds form, the electric field strength of the electrostatic field relative to the ground changes significantly. Thunderclouds are detected by measuring the changes in the electrostatic field in the environment using an atmospheric electric field meter. An average electric field strength of 250 V / m indicates cloudless weather; an average electric field strength of 2 KV / m is the thundercloud field strength threshold, indicating that thunderclouds have formed; and an average electric field strength of 4 KV / m is the air breakdown threshold, indicating that the current thundercloud is prone to lightning strikes. The electric field strength of the electrostatic field in the environment is acquired, and it is determined whether the electric field strength reaches the thundercloud field strength threshold. If it does, it indicates that thunderclouds have formed. Then, the electrical data of a passive corona field lightning arrester is acquired, and it is determined whether the passive corona field lightning arrester forms a corresponding corona field to protect ground objects from lightning strikes.

[0027] The specific steps of step S2 include: S201. Preset the reference thundercloud field strength threshold, the reference air breakdown threshold, and the reference corona field excitation parameter range [Umin0, Umax0] calibrated at the factory of the lightning arrester, where Umin0 is the lower limit of the corona field initial excitation reference and Umax0 is the upper limit of the corona field safe operation reference. S202. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength, and simultaneous acquisition of three sets of meteorological parameters: current ambient temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure, with all data acquisition frequencies kept consistent; S203. Calculate the comprehensive air insulation strength correction factor K corresponding to the current environment based on meteorological parameters; the specific steps of step S203 include: S2031. Based on the standard atmospheric environment, calculate the single-item correction coefficients for temperature (Kt), relative humidity (Krh), and atmospheric pressure (Kp), respectively. All single-item coefficients are calculated using linear calculation rules. In some embodiments, the temperature single-term correction coefficient Kt is as follows: with 20°C as the reference, Kt is linearly adjusted by 0.2% for every 1°C deviation of the temperature from the reference value; as the temperature increases, Kt decreases linearly, and as the temperature decreases, Kt increases linearly. Relative humidity single-item correction factor Krh: Based on 50%RH, for every 1% deviation of relative humidity from the reference value, Krh is linearly adjusted by 0.15%. As humidity increases, Krh decreases linearly, and as humidity decreases, Krh increases linearly. Atmospheric pressure single-term correction factor Kp: With 101.325 kPa as the reference, Kp is linearly adjusted by 0.3% for every 1 kPa deviation of atmospheric pressure from the reference value. As the pressure increases, Kp increases linearly, and as the pressure decreases, Kp decreases linearly. S2032. Based on the three individual correction coefficients, the comprehensive air insulation strength correction coefficient K for the current environment is synthesized, and the calculation formula is as follows: K = Kt × Krh × Kp.

[0028] S204. Based on the correction coefficient K, the core threshold is linearly corrected, where: The corrected thundercloud field strength threshold E1 = the baseline thundercloud field strength threshold E 10 ×K; The corrected air breakdown threshold E2 = the baseline air breakdown threshold E 20 ×K; S205. Based on the correction coefficient K, perform full-range linear correction on the corona field excitation parameter range: The lower limit of the real-time corona field excitation parameter range, Umin, is equal to the lower limit of the baseline range, Umin0 × K. The upper limit of the real-time corona field excitation parameter range Umax = the upper limit of the baseline range Umax0 × K; Finally, the real-time corona field excitation parameter range [Umin, Umax] adapted to the current environment is obtained; S206. Compare the real-time collected environmental electrostatic field strength Eenv with E1. When Eenv≥E1, it is determined that a thundercloud has formed. Immediately collect the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester through the current probe, and collect the impedance data of the grounding circuit through the impedance detection unit.

[0029] S3. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters. Based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data, perform primary control to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. The specific steps of step S3 include: S301. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters. If the electrical data falls within the range of the corona field excitation parameters, it is confirmed that the passive corona field surge arrester has generated a corona field. S302. If the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester is less than the minimum value of the corrected corona field excitation parameter range, the corresponding positive charge injection compensation level shall be determined by combining the difference between the current electrical data and the minimum value of the range and the grounding loop impedance data. The determination of the corresponding positive charge injection compensation level includes: Preset N-level linear gradient compensation levels, standard grounding impedance reference value R0, single-level reference compensation amount ΔU0, and the highest safety level; Calculate the target compensation difference: ΔU = Minimum value of the corrected corona field excitation range - Current electrical data of the surge arrester; Calculate the impedance correction factor: When the real-time grounding impedance is greater than R0, Kr = real-time grounding impedance / R0; when the real-time grounding impedance is less than or equal to R0, Kr is 1. Total demand compensation = ΔU × Kr. The theoretical level is the rounded-up value of the ratio of total demand compensation to ΔU0. The execution level is the smaller value between the theoretical level and the highest safety level. S303. Induction energization is performed by bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode, and positive charge is injected into the grounding electrode according to the corresponding compensation level. After each level injection is completed, the electrical data of the surge arrester is collected in real time for verification. S304. If the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester still does not fall within the corona field excitation parameter range after verification, increase the compensation level and inject again until the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester stably falls within the range. At the same time, set the injection upper limit to ensure that the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester does not exceed the maximum value of the corona field excitation parameter range.

[0030] It should be noted that when thunderclouds form and gather, the lower end of the thundercloud carries a negative charge. According to electrostatic induction, a large number of positive charges will accumulate on the ground. These positive charges are transferred to the discharge stages of the passive corona field surge arrester through the grounding wire. When the voltage difference between the negative charge in the high electric field of the thundercloud and the discharge stage reaches a certain value, it will break down the air near the passive corona field surge arrester, thereby performing a first-stage discharge. The air is ionized to produce corona plasma. The positive corona charge is repelled by the positive charge at the tip of the discharge ball and diffuses into the air, neutralizing the negative charge of the thundercloud and weakening the downward leader intensity of the thundercloud.

[0031] The overall electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester, including voltage and current values, is acquired. This data is then compared with the corona field excitation parameters. If the electrical data falls within the range of the corona field excitation parameters, it is confirmed that the passive corona field surge arrester has generated a corona field. If the electrical data is less than the minimum value of the corona field excitation parameter range, it is confirmed that the passive corona field surge arrester has not generated a corona field, and primary regulation is required to generate a corona field. Specifically, primary regulation involves inducing electricity by bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode of the passive corona field surge arrester, increasing the amount of positive charge at the grounding electrode, and transmitting this positive charge to the passive corona field surge arrester via the grounding wire. This indirectly increases the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester, thereby increasing its electric field strength and generating a corona field.

[0032] S4. Collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. It should be noted that, in order to achieve the stability of the corona field generated by the passive corona field surge arrester at various angle ranges, the electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester is obtained by a current probe, and the electrical data of each discharge ball is compared with the standard value of the corona field parameters for secondary adjustment. The specific steps of step S4 include: S401. Based on the corona field excitation parameters and the number of each discharge ball head of the passive corona field surge arrester, determine the standard value of the corona field parameters for each discharge ball head; S402. Compare the electrical data of each discharge ball head with the standard value of the corona field parameter. If the electrical data of a single discharge ball head is less than the standard value of the corona field parameter, then mark the single discharge ball head. S403. Based on the determined spatial coordinates of each discharge ball, determine the coordinate values ​​of the marked discharge ball; S404. A positive charge is transferred to the marked discharge ball head through a current probe for secondary regulation, so that the electrical data of the discharge ball head is greater than or equal to the standard value of the corona field parameter.

[0033] S5. Track the changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute the corresponding three-level control according to the changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0034] It should be noted that when the passive corona field surge arrester generates a corona field under primary and secondary control, it ionizes the air to produce corona ions under normal conditions. These corona ions diffuse into the air and neutralize the negative charge of the thundercloud, weakening the electric field strength of the thundercloud. Simultaneously, to ensure that the passive corona field surge arrester suppresses further lightning strikes from the thundercloud, the method also includes acquiring the electric field strength of the thundercloud and comparing it with the air breakdown threshold. If the difference decreases, tertiary control is performed, indicating that the electric field strength of the thundercloud is gradually approaching the air breakdown threshold, and the corona ions in the passive corona field are insufficient to suppress the thundercloud. If the difference increases, no adjustment is made, indicating that the electric field strength of the thundercloud is gradually moving away from the air breakdown threshold, and the corona plasma of the passive corona field can effectively suppress the thundercloud.

[0035] The three-level control of the passive corona field surge arrester specifically involves inducing electricity by bringing a high-voltage device close to the grounding electrode of the passive corona field surge arrester, increasing the amount of positive charge transmitted to the passive corona field surge arrester, and keeping the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester less than or equal to the maximum value of the corona field excitation parameter range.

[0036] In step S5, the formula for calculating the lightning strike risk factor is: Lightning strike risk factor = real-time thundercloud electric field strength / corrected air breakdown threshold E2.

[0037] In step S5, the triggering condition for the three-level regulation is: If the lightning strike risk coefficient shows a continuous increasing trend within the preset continuous monitoring period, it is determined that the lightning strike risk has increased, and the level three control is initiated. If the lightning strike risk coefficient shows a continuous decreasing trend within the preset continuous monitoring period, it is determined that the lightning strike risk has decreased, the three-level control is stopped, and the current stable state of the corona field is maintained.

[0038] For example, a continuous monitoring window with m equally spaced sampling points is preset (m≥4), and a trend anchoring threshold α (3%~5%) is set to adapt to the characteristics of electric field fluctuations. Calculate the difference in lightning strike risk coefficient between the first and last sampling points within the window. If the difference is greater than the initial value of the window × α, and the value of the next adjacent sample within the window is greater than or equal to the value of the previous sample × (1-α / 2), it is determined to be a continuously increasing trend. Calculate the difference in lightning strike risk coefficient between the first and last sampling points within the window. If the difference is ≤ the initial value of the window × α, and the value of the next adjacent sample within the window is ≤ the value of the previous sample × (1 + α / 2), it is determined to be a continuously decreasing trend.

[0039] In step S5, the three-level regulation specifically refers to: By bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode of the passive corona field surge arrester, induced electricity is generated, increasing the amount of positive charge transferred to the passive corona field surge arrester, and the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester is less than or equal to the maximum value of the range of corona field excitation parameters.

[0040] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 The diagram shows a passive corona field lightning control system. This system and the passive corona field lightning control methods described in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. For details not described in detail in the embodiments of the passive corona field lightning control system, please refer to the embodiments of the passive corona field lightning control methods described above.

[0042] The system includes: The spatial coordinate calibration module is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and to determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head. The parameter acquisition and threshold correction module is used to acquire environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters in real time. Based on the environmental meteorological parameters, it corrects the threshold of thundercloud field strength, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range. When the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold, it simultaneously acquires the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester and the impedance data of the grounding circuit. The primary control module is used to compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters, and to perform primary control based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. The secondary control module is used to collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. The three-level control module is used to track changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute corresponding three-level control according to changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

[0043] This embodiment utilizes the interactive collaboration of a spatial coordinate calibration module, a parameter acquisition and threshold correction module, a first-level control module, a second-level control module, and a third-level control module to generate a stable corona field when thunderclouds form, effectively improving the stability of the passive corona field lightning arrester under different environmental conditions.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A passive corona field lightning arrester control method, the method being applied to a passive corona field lightning arrester, the passive corona field lightning arrester being connected to the ground via a grounding wire; the main body of the passive corona field lightning arrester includes a discharge cylinder and a metal umbrella cover, the metal umbrella cover being fixedly installed at the top of the discharge cylinder, a plurality of discharge rods being provided on the upper surface of the metal umbrella cover, each discharge rod having a discharge ball head at its top, and a plurality of outwardly protruding needle tips being provided on the discharge ball head; a current probe being provided inside the discharge rod tube, the current probe being connected to the discharge ball head, characterized in that... The method includes the following steps: S1. Establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head; S2. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters, correction of thundercloud field strength threshold, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range based on environmental meteorological parameters, and simultaneous acquisition of electrical data of passive corona field surge arrester and impedance data of grounding circuit when the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold. S3. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters, and perform first-level control based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. S4. Collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. S5. Track the changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute the corresponding three-level control according to the changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

2. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S1 are as follows: S101. Set the arc-shaped dot of the metal umbrella as the origin of the coordinate system, and use the position of the dot along the vertical upward direction of the ground as the x-axis to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system; S102. Based on the fixed length of each discharge rod and the angle between the horizontal ground and the vertical plane, determine the specific position coordinates of each discharge ball head in the three-dimensional coordinate system.

3. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S2 include: S201. Preset the reference thundercloud field strength threshold, the reference air breakdown threshold, and the reference corona field excitation parameter range [Umin0, Umax0] calibrated at the factory of the lightning arrester, where Umin0 is the lower limit of the corona field initial excitation reference and Umax0 is the upper limit of the corona field safe operation reference. S202. Real-time acquisition of environmental electrostatic field strength, and simultaneous acquisition of three sets of meteorological parameters: current ambient temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure, with all data acquisition frequencies kept consistent; S203. Calculate the comprehensive air insulation strength correction factor K corresponding to the current environment based on meteorological parameters; S204. Based on the correction coefficient K, the core threshold is linearly corrected, where: The corrected thundercloud field strength threshold E1 = the baseline thundercloud field strength threshold E 10 ×K; The corrected air breakdown threshold E2 = the baseline air breakdown threshold E 20 ×K; S205. Based on the correction coefficient K, perform full-range linear correction on the corona field excitation parameter range: The lower limit of the real-time corona field excitation parameter range, Umin, is equal to the lower limit of the baseline range, Umin0 × K. The upper limit of the real-time corona field excitation parameter range Umax = the upper limit of the baseline range Umax0 × K; Finally, the real-time corona field excitation parameter range [Umin, Umax] adapted to the current environment is obtained; S206. Compare the real-time collected environmental electrostatic field strength Eenv with E1. When Eenv≥E1, it is determined that a thundercloud has formed. Immediately collect the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester through the current probe, and collect the impedance data of the grounding circuit through the impedance detection unit.

4. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S203 include: S2031. Based on the standard atmospheric environment, calculate the single-item correction coefficients for temperature (Kt), relative humidity (Krh), and atmospheric pressure (Kp), respectively. All single-item coefficients are calculated using linear calculation rules. S2032. Based on the three individual correction coefficients, the comprehensive air insulation strength correction coefficient K for the current environment is synthesized, and the calculation formula is as follows: K = Kt × Krh × Kp.

5. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S3 include: S301. Compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters. If the electrical data falls within the range of the corona field excitation parameters, it is confirmed that the passive corona field surge arrester has generated a corona field. S302. If the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester is less than the minimum value of the corrected corona field excitation parameter range, the corresponding positive charge injection compensation level shall be determined by combining the difference between the current electrical data and the minimum value of the range and the grounding loop impedance data. The determination of the corresponding positive charge injection compensation level includes: Preset N-level linear gradient compensation levels, standard grounding impedance reference value R0, single-level reference compensation amount ΔU0, and the highest safety level; Calculate the target compensation difference: ΔU = Minimum value of the corrected corona field excitation range - Current electrical data of the surge arrester; Calculate the impedance correction factor: When the real-time grounding impedance is greater than R0, Kr = real-time grounding impedance / R0; when the real-time grounding impedance is less than or equal to R0, Kr is 1. Total demand compensation = ΔU × Kr. The theoretical level is the rounded-up value of the ratio of total demand compensation to ΔU0. The execution level is the smaller value between the theoretical level and the highest safety level. S303. Induction energization is performed by bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode, and positive charge is injected into the grounding electrode according to the corresponding compensation level. After each level injection is completed, the electrical data of the surge arrester is collected in real time for verification. S304. If the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester still does not fall within the corona field excitation parameter range after verification, increase the compensation level and inject again until the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester stably falls within the range. At the same time, set the injection upper limit to ensure that the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester does not exceed the maximum value of the corona field excitation parameter range.

6. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S4 include: S401. Based on the corona field excitation parameters and the number of each discharge ball head of the passive corona field surge arrester, determine the standard value of the corona field parameters for each discharge ball head; S402. Compare the electrical data of each discharge ball head with the standard value of the corona field parameter. If the electrical data of a single discharge ball head is less than the standard value of the corona field parameter, then mark the single discharge ball head. S403. Based on the determined spatial coordinates of each discharge ball, determine the coordinate values ​​of the marked discharge ball; S404. A positive charge is transferred to the marked discharge ball head through a current probe for secondary regulation, so that the electrical data of the discharge ball head is greater than or equal to the standard value of the corona field parameter.

7. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the formula for calculating the lightning strike risk factor is: Lightning strike risk factor = real-time thundercloud electric field strength / corrected air breakdown threshold E2.

8. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S5, the triggering condition for the three-level regulation is: If the lightning strike risk coefficient shows a continuous increasing trend within the preset continuous monitoring period, it is determined that the lightning strike risk has increased, and the level three control is initiated. If the lightning strike risk coefficient shows a continuous decreasing trend within the preset continuous monitoring period, it is determined that the lightning strike risk has decreased, the three-level control is stopped, and the current stable state of the corona field is maintained.

9. The passive corona field lightning control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the three-level regulation specifically refers to: By bringing high-voltage equipment close to the grounding electrode of the passive corona field surge arrester, induced electricity is generated, increasing the amount of positive charge transferred to the passive corona field surge arrester, and the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester is less than or equal to the maximum value of the range of corona field excitation parameters.

10. A passive corona field lightning control system, characterized in that, The system is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-9, the system comprising: The spatial coordinate calibration module is used to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the metal umbrella of the passive corona field surge arrester as the origin, and to determine the spatial coordinates of each discharge ball head. The parameter acquisition and threshold correction module is used to acquire environmental electrostatic field strength and environmental meteorological parameters in real time. Based on the environmental meteorological parameters, it corrects the threshold of thundercloud field strength, air breakdown threshold and corona field excitation parameter range. When the real-time environmental electrostatic field strength reaches the corrected thundercloud field strength threshold, it simultaneously acquires the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester and the impedance data of the grounding circuit. The primary control module is used to compare the electrical data of the passive corona field surge arrester with the corona field excitation parameters, and to perform primary control based on the comparison results and the grounding loop impedance data to confirm that the surge arrester stably excites a corona field that meets the preset requirements. The secondary control module is used to collect electrical data of each discharge ball of the passive corona field surge arrester under corona field conditions, screen out discharge balls with discharge intensity less than the standard threshold, and perform secondary control on the screened discharge balls in combination with the spatial coordinates of the abnormal discharge balls. The three-level control module is used to track changes in the electric field intensity of thunderclouds, calculate the lightning strike risk coefficient based on the corrected air breakdown threshold, and execute corresponding three-level control according to changes in the lightning strike risk coefficient.

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