A control circuit and a solid state circuit breaker

Abstract

The application discloses a control circuit and a solid-state circuit breaker, and belongs to the technical field of electrical protection. The control circuit comprises a switching module, a driving module, an acquisition module and a control module. The switching module is used for conducting a live wire in an alternating current power supply system or cutting off the live wire in the alternating current power supply system. When the switching module is in a conducting state, the acquisition module is used for acquiring a target voltage signal between a first end and a second end of the switching module and sending the target voltage signal to the control module. The control module is used for receiving the target voltage signal sent by the acquisition module and outputting a low-level signal to the driving module when the target voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold. The driving module is also used for receiving the low-level signal sent by the control module and sending a first driving signal to a control end of the switching module in response to the low-level signal, and the first driving signal is used for controlling the switching module to cut off. The scheme can improve the efficiency of short-circuit protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical protection technology, and in particular to a control circuit and a solid-state circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, all kinds of electrical equipment have appeared in people's daily lives. During use, the safety of the circuit that supplies power to electrical equipment is of paramount importance.

[0003] Currently, solid-state circuit breakers are the most common protective devices for ensuring circuit safety. They can promptly detect short-circuit faults in loads or power supply lines and provide rapid protection. Most existing solid-state circuit breakers typically employ software algorithm protection schemes, which rely heavily on the calculations and decisions of the main control chip. This approach inherently suffers from long protection delays and slow response speeds. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in related technologies and improve the response speed to short-circuit protection, this application provides a control circuit and a solid-state circuit breaker. The technical solution is as follows: In one aspect, this application provides a control circuit, which includes: a switching module, a driving module, a data acquisition module, and a control module; The first and second ends of the switch module are both connected to the live wire in the AC power supply system. The control end of the switch module is also connected to the drive module. The drive module is also connected to the acquisition module. The acquisition module is also connected to the first and second ends of the switch module respectively. The acquisition module is also connected to the control module. The control module is connected to the drive module. The switch module is used to either connect the live wire in the AC power supply system or disconnect the live wire in the AC power supply system. When the switch module is in the ON state, the acquisition module is used to acquire the target voltage signal between the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch module, and send the target voltage signal to the control module; The control module is used to receive the target voltage signal sent by the acquisition module, and output a low-level signal to the drive module when the target voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold. The driving module is also used to receive a low-level signal sent by the control module, and in response to the low-level signal, send a first driving signal to the control terminal of the switching module, the first driving signal being used to control the switching module to turn off.

[0005] Optionally, the acquisition module includes a voltage acquisition unit and a filtering unit; The first end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the first end of the switch module, and the second end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the second end of the switch module. The voltage acquisition unit also includes a third terminal, which is connected to the driving module. The driving module is also used to provide operating voltage to the voltage acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit further includes a fourth terminal, which is connected to the filtering unit, and the filtering unit is also connected to the control module; The voltage acquisition unit is also used to send the acquired target voltage signal to the filtering unit through the fourth terminal; The filtering unit is also used to filter the received target voltage signal and send the filtered target voltage signal to the control module.

[0006] Optionally, the voltage acquisition unit includes a first acquisition subunit and a second acquisition subunit; The first end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the driving module, and the second end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the first end of the switch module. The first end of the second acquisition subunit is also connected to the drive module, and the second end of the second acquisition subunit is connected to the second end of the switch module; The third end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the third end of the second acquisition subunit, and there is a second node between the third end of the first acquisition subunit and the third end of the second acquisition subunit. The second node is the fourth end of the voltage acquisition unit. The first acquisition subunit is used to acquire a first voltage signal, which is the voltage signal at the first terminal of the switching module; the second acquisition subunit is used to acquire a second voltage signal, which is the voltage signal at the second terminal of the switching module. The voltage acquisition unit is further configured to rectify the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal through the first acquisition subunit and the second acquisition subunit to obtain the target voltage signal.

[0007] Optionally, the filtering unit includes resistive elements and capacitive elements; The first end of the resistor element is connected to the fourth end of the voltage acquisition unit, the second end of the resistor element is connected to the first end of the capacitor element, and the second end of the capacitor element is grounded. The blanking time of the control circuit is determined based on the resistance value of the resistor element and the capacitance value of the capacitor element.

[0008] Optionally, the switching module includes a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET; The source of the first MOSFET is connected to the source of the second MOSFET, and the gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the gate of the second MOSFET. The first terminal of the switching module is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor, and the second terminal of the switching module is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor. There is a first node between the gate of the first MOS transistor and the gate of the second MOS transistor, and the control terminal of the switching module is connected to the first node; When the first drive signal is received through the control terminal, both the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are in the off state.

[0009] Optionally, the control module includes a comparison unit, an optocoupler unit, and a control unit; The comparison unit is connected to the optocoupler unit, and the optocoupler unit is connected to the control unit; The comparison unit is used to compare the target voltage signal with the preset voltage threshold and send the comparison result to the optocoupler unit; The optocoupler unit is used to trigger a rising edge signal and send it to the control unit when the comparison result indicates that the target voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold. The control unit is used to output the low-level signal to the drive module in response to the rising edge signal.

[0010] Optionally, the control module is further configured to output a high-level signal to the drive module when the target voltage signal is not greater than the preset voltage threshold. The driving module is also used to receive a high-level signal sent by the control module, and in response to the high-level signal, send a second driving signal to the control terminal of the switch module, the second driving signal being used to control the switch module to turn on.

[0011] Optionally, the control circuit further includes an absorption module, wherein a first end of the absorption module is connected to a first end of the switching module, and a second end of the absorption module is connected to a second end of the switching module. The absorption module is used to provide clamping protection in the event of a surge voltage generated on the live wire.

[0012] Optionally, the AC power supply system is used to provide single-phase AC power.

[0013] In another aspect, this application provides a solid-state circuit breaker that includes the control circuitry described in one of the preceding aspects.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following: The control circuit provided in this application includes: a switch module, a drive module, a data acquisition module, and a control module; the first and second terminals of the switch module are both connected to the live wire in the AC power supply system; the control terminal of the switch module is also connected to the drive module; the drive module is also connected to the data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is also connected to the first and second terminals of the switch module; the data acquisition module is also connected to the control module; and the control module is connected to the drive module. The switch module is used to turn on or off the live wire in the AC power supply system. When the switch module is in the on state, the data acquisition module is used to acquire the target voltage signal between the first and second terminals of the switch module and send the target voltage signal to the control module. The control module is used to receive the target voltage signal sent by the data acquisition module and, if the target voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold, output a low-level signal to the drive module. The drive module is also used to receive the low-level signal sent by the control module and, in response to the low-level signal, send a first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module. The first drive signal is used to control the switch module to turn off. This solution, with the switch module in the ON state, acquires the target voltage signal through the acquisition module and sends it to the control module. The control module compares the target voltage signal and, if the target voltage signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold, promptly outputs a low-level signal to the drive module. This, in conjunction with the drive module, turns off the switch module. The entire process requires no software algorithm; the short-circuit protection is entirely implemented by the hardware outputting the corresponding signals, resulting in a faster overall response speed and improved short-circuit protection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of a control circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of a control circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a data acquisition module according to an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a control module according to an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a driving module according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0018] In this article, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0019] The solution provided in this application can be used in the architecture of various electrical devices used in daily life, and in real-world scenarios where solid-state circuit breakers are used for short-circuit protection. To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below.

[0020] With the development of science and technology, various electrical devices have appeared in people's daily lives. These include household socket circuits, high-power appliances (including refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, etc.), household transformers, relays, and other devices forming a vast electrical network. To quickly disconnect the load of the faulty part in the event of a system failure and ensure the normal operation of the fault-free parts, solid-state circuit breakers are commonly used as electrical protection devices.

[0021] Traditional molded case circuit breakers (MCCBs) suffer from high resistance during closing, resulting in a significant voltage drop in the circuit. They also exhibit slow response times during fault shutdown and are prone to arcing, requiring additional arc suppression devices. The presence of arcing during shutdown also significantly reduces their lifespan. In recent years, wide-bandgap semiconductor silicon carbide (SiC) devices have seen rapid development. SiC devices exhibit significantly lower on-state resistance and on-state voltage drop, high junction temperature tolerance (>350℃), and can be fabricated into high-performance normally-on devices. Among these, the most mainstream SiC device is the silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET).

[0022] Currently, in order to improve the response speed of circuit breakers, SiC MOSFET devices are used in solid-state circuit breakers. To adapt to the short-circuit protection of such solid-state circuit breakers, the main short-circuit protection schemes are divided into three mainstream methods: software algorithm protection, shunt and comparator hardware protection, and dedicated driver chip protection with Desat desaturation protection. All three existing technologies have inherent defects. For example, software algorithm protection relies on the main control processor to complete current sampling and fault logic discrimination. The signal processing link has inherent delay, and the response rate is difficult to match the extremely high short-circuit current rise rate of SiC devices. The fault shutdown action is delayed, which can easily cause power devices to burn out. Although the shunt and comparator hardware protection has a fast response speed, the analog detection circuit has weak anti-electromagnetic interference capability. Instantaneous voltage spikes and high-frequency switching electromagnetic crosstalk during AC operation can easily cause comparator false triggering, resulting in reliability problems such as false tripping without faults and false turn-on of devices. Commercial SiC driver chips with Desat desaturation protection function have high overall material and application costs. Moreover, the key parameters such as the protection threshold and blanking shielding time inside the chip are fixed at the factory and do not support on-demand configuration. They cannot implement customized protection logic for AC positive and negative half-wave bidirectional short-circuit faults, and the topology adaptation flexibility is insufficient.

[0023] To address the technical challenges and improve the response speed of short-circuit protection, this application provides a control circuit that, through the combined use of a control module and a drive module, allows the short-circuit protection process to be fully implemented by hardware output of corresponding signals, achieving a higher overall response speed.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 This illustrates a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of a control circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the control circuit 100 includes: a switch module 101, a drive module 102, a data acquisition module 103, and a control module 104.

[0025] The first and second ends of the switch module 101 are both connected to the live wire in the AC power supply system. The control end of the switch module 101 is also connected to the drive module 102. The drive module 102 is also connected to the acquisition module 103. The acquisition module 103 is also connected to the first and second ends of the switch module 101 respectively. The acquisition module 103 is also connected to the control module 104. The control module 104 is connected to the drive module 102.

[0026] In practical applications, the switch module 101 is used to connect or disconnect the live wire in an AC power supply system. For example, to disconnect the live wire in an AC power supply system from the middle, the switch module 101 connects to the disconnected end of the live wire through its first terminal and to the other disconnected end through its second terminal. When the switch module 101 is connected, the live wire is also connected by the switch module 101; when the switch module 101 is turned off, the live wire is also disconnected by the switch module 101.

[0027] When the switch module 101 is in the ON state, the acquisition module 103 is used to acquire the target voltage signal between the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch module 101 and send the target voltage signal to the control module 104; the control module 104 is used to receive the target voltage signal sent by the acquisition module 103 and output a low-level signal to the drive module 102 when the target voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold; the drive module 102 is also used to receive the low-level signal sent by the control module 104 and send a first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module 101 in response to the low-level signal, the first drive signal being used to control the switch module 101 to turn off.

[0028] That is, under normal operation of the control circuit 100, the switch module 101 is usually in the on state. The acquisition module 103 acquires the target voltage signal at both ends of the live wire connected to the switch module 101 and sends the target voltage signal to the control module 104. The control module 104 judges that if the target voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold, it means that a short circuit has occurred in the load or subsequent circuit connected to the live wire. The control module 104 outputs a low-level signal to the drive module 102. In response to the low-level signal, the drive module 102 sends a first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module 101, thereby controlling the switch module 101 to turn off, disconnect the live wire, and perform short circuit protection in a timely manner.

[0029] In summary, the control circuit provided in this application includes: a switch module, a drive module, a data acquisition module, and a control module; the first and second terminals of the switch module are both connected to the live wire in the AC power supply system; the control terminal of the switch module is also connected to the drive module; the drive module is also connected to the data acquisition module; the data acquisition module is also connected to the first and second terminals of the switch module; the data acquisition module is also connected to the control module; and the control module is connected to the drive module. The switch module is used to connect or disconnect the live wire in the AC power supply system. When the switch module is in the connected state, the data acquisition module is used to acquire the target voltage signal between the first and second terminals of the switch module and send the target voltage signal to the control module. The control module is used to receive the target voltage signal sent by the data acquisition module and, when the target voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold, output a low-level signal to the drive module. The drive module is also used to receive the low-level signal sent by the control module and, in response to the low-level signal, send a first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module. The first drive signal is used to control the switch module to turn off. This solution, with the switch module in the ON state, acquires the target voltage signal through the acquisition module and sends it to the control module. The control module compares the target voltage signal and, if the target voltage signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold, promptly outputs a low-level signal to the drive module. This, in conjunction with the drive module, turns off the switch module. The entire process requires no software algorithm; the short-circuit protection is entirely implemented by the hardware outputting the corresponding signals, resulting in a faster overall response speed and improved short-circuit protection efficiency.

[0030] The following example illustrates how the control circuit described above can be used to provide short-circuit protection in an AC power supply system, taking a single-phase AC power supply system with a bidirectional data acquisition module as an example. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 This illustrates a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of a control circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the control circuit 200 includes: a switch module 201, a drive module 202, a data acquisition module 203, and a control module 204.

[0031] In this circuit, the first and second ends of the switch module 201 are both connected to the live wire in the AC power supply system. The control end of the switch module 201 is also connected to the drive module 202. The drive module 202 is also connected to the acquisition module 203. The acquisition module 203 is also connected to the first and second ends of the switch module 201 respectively. The acquisition module 203 is also connected to the control module 204. The control module 204 is connected to the drive module 202.

[0032] In practical applications, the switch module 201 is used to connect or disconnect the live wire in an AC power supply system. For example, to disconnect the live wire in an AC power supply system from the middle, the switch module 201 connects to the disconnected end of the live wire through its first terminal and to the other disconnected end through its second terminal. When the switch module 201 is connected, the live wire is also connected by the switch module 201; when the switch module 201 is turned off, the live wire is also disconnected by the switch module 201.

[0033] Optionally, in the above Figure 2 In the circuit, the switching module 201 includes a first MOSFET M1 and a second MOSFET M2; the source of the first MOSFET M1 and the source of the second MOSFET M2 are connected, and the gate of the first MOSFET M1 and the gate of the second MOSFET M2 are connected; a first terminal of the switching module 201 is connected to the drain of the first MOSFET M1, and a second terminal of the switching module 201 is connected to the drain of the second MOSFET M2; a first node X1 exists between the gate of the first MOSFET M1 and the gate of the second MOSFET M2, and the control terminal of the switching module 201 is connected to the first node X1. That is, Figure 2 The switching module 201 is composed of two reverse-connected MOSFETs (common source connection), which simultaneously turn on and off to achieve the conduction and cut-off of the live wire.

[0034] When the switch module 201 is in the ON state, the acquisition module 203 is used to acquire the target voltage signal between the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch module 201 and send the target voltage signal to the control module 204.

[0035] Optionally, in the above Figure 2 In this module, the acquisition module 203 includes a voltage acquisition unit 205 and a filtering unit 206. The first terminal of the voltage acquisition unit 205 is connected to the first terminal of the switch module 201, and the second terminal of the voltage acquisition unit 205 is connected to the second terminal of the switch module 201. The voltage acquisition unit 205 also includes a third terminal, which is connected to the drive module 202, which provides operating voltage to the voltage acquisition unit 205. The voltage acquisition unit 205 also includes a fourth terminal, which is connected to the filtering unit 206, which is connected to the control module 204. In other words, the acquisition module 203 acquires the target voltage signal between the two terminals of the switch module 201 by connecting the two terminals of the voltage acquisition unit 205 to the two terminals of the switch module 201.

[0036] Optionally, the voltage acquisition unit 205 is also used to send the acquired target voltage signal to the filtering unit 206 via the fourth terminal; the filtering unit 206 is also used to filter the received target voltage signal and send the filtered target voltage signal to the control module 204. That is, the acquisition module 203 filters the acquired target voltage signal through the filtering unit and then outputs it to the control module 204.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the voltage acquisition unit 205 includes a first acquisition subunit and a second acquisition subunit. A first end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the drive module 202, and a second end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the first end of the switch module 201. A first end of the second acquisition subunit is also connected to the drive module 202, and a second end of the second acquisition subunit is connected to the second end of the switch module 201. A third end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the third end of the second acquisition subunit, and a second node exists between the third ends of the first and second acquisition subunits, which is the fourth end of the voltage acquisition unit 205. The first acquisition subunit is used to acquire a first voltage signal, which is the voltage signal at the first end of the switch module 201. The second acquisition subunit is used to acquire a second voltage signal, which is the voltage signal at the second end of the switch module 201. The voltage acquisition unit 205 is also used to rectify the first and second voltage signals through the first and second acquisition subunits to obtain a target voltage signal.

[0038] In other words, the voltage acquisition unit 205 acquires the voltage signal from the first terminal of the switch module through the first acquisition subunit and the voltage signal from the second terminal of the switch module through the second acquisition subunit. These two voltage signals are then rectified to obtain the desired target voltage signal. The first terminals of both the first and second acquisition subunits are connected to the drive module, which provides them with operating voltage, enabling the voltage acquisition unit to perform its acquisition action.

[0039] Optionally, the filter unit 206 may include a resistor and a capacitor; the first end of the resistor is connected to the fourth end of the voltage acquisition unit 205, the second end of the resistor is connected to the first end of the capacitor, and the second end of the capacitor is grounded; wherein, the blanking time of the control circuit is determined based on the resistance value of the resistor and the capacitance value of the capacitor. Optionally, the blanking time here refers to the time from when the control circuit detects an overcurrent or short-circuit fault (i.e., the control module detects that the target voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold) to when the trigger switch module (as described above) is activated. Figure 2 The time delay before the two reverse-connected MOSFETs in the middle perform the turn-off action.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 3The diagram illustrates a circuit structure schematic of a data acquisition module according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, it includes a voltage acquisition unit 301 and a filtering unit 302. The voltage acquisition unit 301 further includes a first acquisition subunit 301a and a second acquisition subunit 301b. The various electronic components included in the first acquisition subunit 301a are arranged according to... Figure 3 The connection method is as follows, and the various electronic components contained in the second acquisition subunit 301b are also connected in accordance with... Figure 3 The connection method is as follows. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the first acquisition subunit 301a and the second acquisition subunit 301b contain the same electronic components and have the same connection method. Furthermore, the second terminal J2 of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the first terminal of the switch module, and the second terminal J3 of the second acquisition subunit is connected to the second terminal of the switch module.

[0041] in, Figure 3 VOUT1 is the operating voltage provided by the driver module to the acquisition module. The second node X2, as the fourth terminal of the voltage acquisition unit 301, is connected to the filter unit 302. After the acquired first and second voltage signals are rectified by VD4 and VD7, they are transmitted to the filter unit via the second node X2. The RC circuit of the filter unit 302 then produces a positive VSC signal, which is then transmitted through... Figure 3 The circuit diagram outputs the target voltage signal to the control module. In the RC circuit, R15, C10, and R... 拉 This constitutes a filtering unit, which can effectively filter out voltage spikes during the instantaneous conduction of the switching module, effectively avoiding false protection. Furthermore, the blanking time can be flexibly set by adjusting parameters (the resistance value of R15 or the capacitance value of C10).

[0042] Optionally, in the above-mentioned filter unit 302, R connected in parallel with C10 拉 This can make the voltage supplied by C10 more stable and improve C10's anti-interference capability. For example, in the absence of R... 拉 In the case of normal data acquisition, the electrical signals transmitted throughout the acquisition module's circuitry can cause some interference to C10. This can be mitigated by connecting R in parallel across C10. 拉 This can effectively reduce interference and allow C10 to provide a more accurate level signal.

[0043] Optional, in Figure 3 In the process, the first voltage signal acquired by the first acquisition subunit can be obtained through... Figure 3 The voltage VP at point P represents the voltage signal at the first terminal of the switching module. The second voltage signal acquired by the second acquisition subunit can be obtained through... Figure 3The voltage VN at point N represents the voltage signal at the second terminal of the switching module. Then, the two voltage signals VP and VN are rectified by VD4 and VD7 and then passed through RC to obtain a positive VSC.

[0044] Optionally, taking the case where the voltage supplied to VOUT1 by the drive module is 18V when the switch module is on and -4V when the switch module is off as an example, the above... Figure 3 The working principle is explained below. For example, when the voltage supplied to VOUT1 by the drive module is -4V, the first acquisition subunit is in the positive half-wave of the AC current. Since the two diodes VD2 and VD3 are reverse cut off, the voltage at point P is obtained by voltage division by R10, R11 and R14. At this time, VP is a negative low voltage close to 0V, which will not trigger the protection falsely. The first acquisition subunit operates similarly to the positive half-wave AC signal when the AC current is in the negative half-wave. However, because the drain-source voltage (VDS) clamped by the body diode inside the MOSFET used in the switching module is equal to the voltage drop of the body diode, the acquired VP is a negative low voltage throughout the entire cycle. When the voltage supplied to VOUT1 by the drive module is 18V, both MOSFETs in the switching module are turned on. The voltage at point P is not only controlled by R10, R11, and R14, but also positively correlated with the internal VDS of the MOSFET due to the forward conduction of VD2 and VD3. When the AC current is in the negative half-wave, the first acquisition subunit keeps the acquired VP at a low level due to the voltage drop clamped by the body diode inside the MOSFET, preventing false triggering. The working principle of the second acquisition subunit is similar to that of the first acquisition subunit, and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] Optionally, the control module 204 is used to receive the target voltage signal sent by the acquisition module 203, and output a low-level signal to the drive module 202 when the target voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage threshold; the drive module 202 is also used to receive the low-level signal sent by the control module 204, and in response to the low-level signal, send a first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module 201, the first drive signal being used to control the switch module 201 to turn off. Figure 2 In the process, when the first drive signal is received through the control terminal, both the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 are in the off state.

[0046] Optionally, the control module 204 is further configured to output a high-level signal to the drive module 202 when the target voltage signal is not greater than a preset voltage threshold; the drive module 202 is further configured to receive the high-level signal sent by the control module 204, and in response to the high-level signal, send a second drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module 201, the second drive signal being used to control the switch module 201 to turn on.

[0047] In other words, if the control module 204 outputs a high-level signal to the drive module 202, it indicates that the current circuit is normal and there is no short circuit. In response to this high-level signal, the drive module 202 outputs a second drive signal to the switch module 201, controlling... Figure 2 The two MOSFETs in the circuit are in the ON state, turning on the live wire in the AC power supply system; if the control module 204 outputs a low-level signal to the drive module 202, it indicates that a short circuit fault has occurred in the current circuit. In response to this low-level signal, the drive module 202 outputs a first drive signal to the switch module 201, controlling... Figure 2 The two MOSFETs in the circuit are in the off state, cutting off the live wire in the AC power supply system.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the control module 204 includes a comparison unit, an optocoupler unit, and a control unit; the comparison unit is connected to the optocoupler unit, and the optocoupler unit is connected to the control unit; the comparison unit is used to compare the target voltage signal with a preset voltage threshold and send the comparison result to the optocoupler unit; the optocoupler unit is used to trigger a rising edge signal and send it to the control unit when the comparison result indicates that the target voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold; the control unit is used to output a low-level signal to the drive module in response to the rising edge signal.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 4 This illustration shows a circuit structure diagram of a control module according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a comparison unit 401, an optocoupler unit 402, and a control unit 403. The two input terminals of the comparison unit 401 are used to input the target voltage signal VSC and the preset voltage signal VREF, respectively, for comparison. The comparison result is then sent to the optocoupler unit 402. Specifically, the comparison unit 401 sends a low-level signal (the comparison result at this time) to the optocoupler unit 402 when VSC is not greater than VREF, and a high-level signal (the comparison result at this time) to the optocoupler unit 402 when VSC is greater than VREF.

[0050] After receiving the comparison result, the optocoupler unit 402 outputs a corresponding signal and sends it to the control unit. Figure 4If the comparator unit 401 outputs a low-level signal, the output of the optocoupler unit 402 will also remain low, and the signal received by the control unit 403 will also be low. The output O1 of the control unit 403 will then output a high-level signal to the drive module, and the entire circuit will operate normally. If the comparator unit 401 outputs a high-level signal, the output of the optocoupler unit 402 will also be pulled high, generating a rising edge signal. After receiving this rising edge signal, the control unit 403 will output a low-level signal to the drive module through its output O1, causing the subsequent drive module to send the first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module, turning off the switch module and triggering short-circuit protection.

[0051] Optionally, the control unit 403 also includes a reset pin REST, which can receive a reset signal (such as when the user presses the corresponding physical control). The control unit 403 then outputs a high-level signal to the drive module again, so that the drive module can control the switch module to turn on again, and the entire circuit re-enters the state of monitoring whether a short circuit has occurred.

[0052] Optionally, the drive module 202 may include an AND gate unit and a drive unit. The AND gate unit is used to process the drive instructions transmitted by the microcontroller unit (MCU) and the high-level / low-level signals output by the control module 204. When the control module 204 outputs a low-level signal, the AND gate unit also outputs a low-level signal. At this time, even if the drive instruction transmitted by the MCU is an instruction to control the drive module to turn on the switch module 201, it will be forcibly pulled low by the AND gate unit, thereby causing the drive unit to output the first drive signal and turn off the switch module 201.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 5 This illustrates a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a driving module according to an exemplary embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the module includes an AND gate unit 501 and a driver unit 502. The two inputs of the AND gate unit 501 are used to receive the transmission drive command (DRV) sent by the MCU and the high-level / low-level signal emitted by the output O1 of the control module, respectively. The output of the AND gate unit 501 is connected to the input of the driver unit 502, providing the driver unit 502 with the processed signal. In response to the signal output by the AND gate unit 501, the driver unit 502 outputs a corresponding drive signal to the switch module through its output O2. Specifically, if the AND gate unit 501 outputs a high-level signal, the output O2 of the driver unit 502 outputs a second drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module; if the AND gate unit 501 outputs a low-level signal, the output O2 of the driver unit 502 outputs a first drive signal to the control terminal of the switch module.

[0054] Optionally, in the above Figure 5 In the above, VOUT2 is used to connect... Figure 3 VOUT1 in the middle provides the operating voltage to the acquisition module.

[0055] Optionally, the above Figure 2 The control circuit 200 also includes an absorption module 207. The first terminal of the absorption module 207 is connected to the first terminal of the switching module 201, and the second terminal of the absorption module 207 is connected to the second terminal of the switching module 201. The absorption module 207 provides clamping protection in the event of a surge voltage on the live wire. For example, in... Figure 2 In this circuit, the absorption module 207 is implemented through a varistor. The first end of the varistor is connected to the first end of the switch module 201, and the second end of the varistor is connected to the second end of the switch module 201. When a surge voltage is generated on the live wire, the varistor can discharge the surge current, that is, absorb the excessive voltage, thereby protecting the subsequent circuit from high voltage impact and limiting the voltage within a safe range.

[0056] It should be noted that this embodiment uses a single-phase AC power supply system as an example. In practical applications, it can also be applied to multi-phase AC power supply systems, and there is no limitation here.

[0057] In summary, this solution, when the switch module is in the ON state, acquires the target voltage signal through the acquisition module and sends it to the control module. The control module compares the target voltage signal and outputs a low-level signal to the drive module in a timely manner when the target voltage signal exceeds a preset voltage threshold. This, in conjunction with the drive module, turns off the switch module. The entire process does not require the participation of software algorithms; the short-circuit protection process is entirely implemented by the hardware outputting the corresponding signals. This results in a higher overall response speed and improved efficiency of short-circuit protection.

[0058] Furthermore, this solution allows for flexible setting of the blanking time by adjusting parameters, and the filtering unit can also filter out instantaneous voltage spikes during the switching module's turn-on, effectively avoiding false protection. Moreover, in this solution, the control unit also maintains the fault state through a latching mechanism to prevent secondary damage caused by the power devices automatically restarting after the short circuit is cleared, while supporting external reset to restore normal operation.

[0059] Optionally, this application also provides a solid-state circuit breaker that includes at least one control circuit as described in the above embodiments.

[0060] It should be noted that the circuits provided in the above embodiments are only illustrative examples of the division of functional modules when performing control. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The accompanying drawings provided in each embodiment can be used in combination with each other.

[0061] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above embodiments can be implemented by hardware or by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk.

[0063] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A control circuit, characterized in that, The control circuit includes: a switching module, a driving module, a data acquisition module, and a control module; The first and second ends of the switch module are both connected to the live wire in the AC power supply system. The control end of the switch module is also connected to the drive module. The drive module is also connected to the acquisition module. The acquisition module is also connected to the first and second ends of the switch module respectively. The acquisition module is also connected to the control module. The control module is connected to the drive module. The switch module is used to either connect the live wire in the AC power supply system or disconnect the live wire in the AC power supply system. When the switch module is in the ON state, the acquisition module is used to acquire the target voltage signal between the first terminal and the second terminal of the switch module, and send the target voltage signal to the control module; The control module is used to receive the target voltage signal sent by the acquisition module, and output a low-level signal to the drive module when the target voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold. The driving module is also used to receive a low-level signal sent by the control module, and in response to the low-level signal, send a first driving signal to the control terminal of the switching module, the first driving signal being used to control the switching module to turn off.

2. The control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes a voltage acquisition unit and a filtering unit; The first end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the first end of the switch module, and the second end of the voltage acquisition unit is connected to the second end of the switch module. The voltage acquisition unit also includes a third terminal, which is connected to the driving module. The driving module is also used to provide operating voltage to the voltage acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit further includes a fourth terminal, which is connected to the filtering unit, and the filtering unit is also connected to the control module; The voltage acquisition unit is also used to send the acquired target voltage signal to the filtering unit through the fourth terminal; The filtering unit is also used to filter the received target voltage signal and send the filtered target voltage signal to the control module.

3. The control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage acquisition unit includes a first acquisition subunit and a second acquisition subunit; The first end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the driving module, and the second end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the first end of the switch module. The first end of the second acquisition subunit is also connected to the drive module, and the second end of the second acquisition subunit is connected to the second end of the switch module; The third end of the first acquisition subunit is connected to the third end of the second acquisition subunit, and there is a second node between the third end of the first acquisition subunit and the third end of the second acquisition subunit. The second node is the fourth end of the voltage acquisition unit. The first acquisition subunit is used to acquire a first voltage signal, which is the voltage signal at the first terminal of the switching module; the second acquisition subunit is used to acquire a second voltage signal, which is the voltage signal at the second terminal of the switching module. The voltage acquisition unit is further configured to rectify the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal through the first acquisition subunit and the second acquisition subunit to obtain the target voltage signal.

4. The control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filtering unit includes resistive elements and capacitive elements; The first end of the resistor element is connected to the fourth end of the voltage acquisition unit, the second end of the resistor element is connected to the first end of the capacitor element, and the second end of the capacitor element is grounded. The blanking time of the control circuit is determined based on the resistance value of the resistor element and the capacitance value of the capacitor element.

5. The control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module includes a first MOSFET and a second MOSFET; The source of the first MOSFET is connected to the source of the second MOSFET, and the gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the gate of the second MOSFET. The first terminal of the switching module is connected to the drain of the first MOS transistor, and the second terminal of the switching module is connected to the drain of the second MOS transistor. There is a first node between the gate of the first MOS transistor and the gate of the second MOS transistor, and the control terminal of the switching module is connected to the first node; When the first drive signal is received through the control terminal, both the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET are in the off state.

6. The control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module includes a comparison unit, an optocoupler unit, and a control unit; The comparison unit is connected to the optocoupler unit, and the optocoupler unit is connected to the control unit; The comparison unit is used to compare the target voltage signal with the preset voltage threshold and send the comparison result to the optocoupler unit; The optocoupler unit is used to trigger a rising edge signal and send it to the control unit when the comparison result indicates that the target voltage signal is greater than the preset voltage threshold. The control unit is used to output the low-level signal to the drive module in response to the rising edge signal.

7. The control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control module is also configured to output a high-level signal to the drive module when the target voltage signal is not greater than the preset voltage threshold. The driving module is also used to receive a high-level signal sent by the control module, and in response to the high-level signal, send a second driving signal to the control terminal of the switch module, the second driving signal being used to control the switch module to turn on.

8. The control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control circuit further includes an absorption module, the first end of which is connected to the first end of the switch module, and the second end of which is connected to the second end of the switch module. The absorption module is used to provide clamping protection in the event of a surge voltage generated on the live wire.

9. The control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The AC power supply system is used to provide single-phase AC power.

10. A solid-state circuit breaker, characterized in that, The solid-state circuit breaker includes the control circuitry as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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