Control box, battery device and vehicle

Abstract

A control box, a battery device and a vehicle, the control box comprising a box body, a first circuit and a third circuit, the first circuit being accommodated in a receiving cavity, one end of a first fuse being connected with a first interface, the other end being connected with one end of a main positive relay and one end of a second circuit, the other end of the main positive relay being connected with the other end of the second circuit, one end of a fast charging positive relay and a third interface, the other end of the fast charging positive relay being connected with a second interface, the first interface being used for being connected with a positive electrode of a battery, the second circuit being used for pre-charging the first circuit, the third interface being used for being connected with a front drive module, the first fuse being used for being disconnected in case of overcurrent, the third circuit being accommodated in the receiving cavity, one end of a fourth interface being connected with one end of a first switch, the other end of the first switch being connected with a fifth interface and a sixth interface, the fourth interface being connected with a negative electrode of the battery, the fifth interface being connected with the front drive module, the first switch being used for being disconnected in case of overcurrent, so that the volume of the control box is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a control box, a battery device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, battery devices are favored by many users due to their high charging and discharging efficiency. In existing technology, the high-voltage control unit of a battery device is typically designed with a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a fast-charging positive relay, a fast-charging negative relay, a passive fuse, a first switch, a shunt, and a pre-charge circuit to realize the charging functions of the front-end circuit, the fast-charging circuit, and the pre-charge circuit, and to protect the front-end circuit, the fast-charging circuit, and the pre-charge circuit. The large number of components makes the control box large and occupies a large space in the battery device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a control box, battery device, and vehicle that improves upon the problem of the large size of the control box.

[0004] To achieve the objectives of this application, the following technical solution is provided: In a first aspect, this application provides a control box, including a housing, a first circuit, and a third circuit. The housing has a receiving cavity. The first circuit includes a first interface, a first fuse, a main positive relay, a second circuit, a fast-charging positive relay, a second interface, and a third interface, all housed in the receiving cavity. One end of the first fuse is connected to the first interface, and the other end is connected to one end of the main positive relay and one end of the second circuit. The other end of the main positive relay is connected to the other end of the second circuit, one end of the fast-charging positive relay, and the third interface. The other end of the fast-charging positive relay is connected to the second interface. The first interface is used to connect to the positive terminal of a battery. The second circuit is used to pre-charge the first circuit. The third interface is used to connect to a front-drive module. The first fuse is used to disconnect in case of overcurrent. The third circuit includes a fourth interface, a first switch, a fifth interface, and a sixth interface, all housed in the receiving cavity. One end of the fourth interface is connected to one end of the first switch. The other end of the first switch is connected to the fifth and sixth interfaces. The fourth interface is connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The fifth interface is connected to the front-drive module. The first switch is used to disconnect in case of overcurrent.

[0005] In one embodiment, the fourth interface and the fifth interface are opposite to each other and spaced apart in a first direction, and the first switch is located between the fourth interface and the fifth interface; The first switch includes a first terminal, a first body, and a second terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal are spaced apart along the first direction. One end of the first body is connected to the first terminal, and the other end is connected to the second terminal. The first terminal is located between the fourth interface and the first body. The first terminal is also connected to the fourth interface, and the second terminal is also connected to the fifth interface and the sixth interface.

[0006] In one embodiment, the control box further includes a first connecting bar and a second connecting bar. One end of the first connecting bar is connected to the first terminal and the other end is connected to the fourth interface. One end of the second connecting bar is connected to the second terminal and the other end is connected to both the fifth interface and the sixth interface. The first connecting bar is bent and the second connecting bar is bent.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first connecting bar includes a first segment and a second segment. One end of the first segment is connected to the fourth interface, and the other end is connected to one end of the second segment. The other end of the second segment is connected to the first terminal. The first segment extends along the first direction, and the second segment extends along the second direction, which intersects with the first direction.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first body includes a first side, a second side, and a top surface. The first side and the second side are connected to opposite ends of the top surface along the first direction. The first connecting row is connected to the first side, and the second connecting row is connected to the second side. The first connecting row has a first gap distance from the top surface in a third direction, and the second connecting row has a second gap distance from the top surface in a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect each other.

[0009] In one embodiment, the fifth interface, the sixth interface, the second interface, and the third interface are arranged at intervals along a second direction, and the first interface and the fourth interface are spaced apart in both the first direction and the second direction; the length direction of the first body and the length direction of the control box are the same as the first direction, and the width direction of the first body and the width direction of the control box are the same as the second direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the orthogonal projection of the main positive relay in the second direction partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the first switch in the second direction; and / or, the orthogonal projection of the fast charging positive relay in the second direction partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the first switch in the second direction.

[0011] In one embodiment, the main positive relay and the fast charging positive relay are spaced apart in the first direction, and the orthographic projection of the main positive relay in the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fast charging positive relay in the first direction.

[0012] In one embodiment, the main positive relay and the first fuse are spaced apart in the first direction, and the orthogonal projection of the main positive relay in the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the first fuse in the first direction.

[0013] In one embodiment, the main positive relay includes a third terminal, a second body, and a fourth terminal. The third terminal and the fourth terminal are spaced apart along the second direction. One end of the second body is connected to the third terminal, and the other end is connected to the fourth terminal. The third terminal is also connected to the other end of the first fuse and one end of the second circuit. The fourth terminal is also connected to the pre-drive module and the other end of the second circuit. The orthographic projection of the third terminal in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth terminal in the second direction, and the orthographic projection of the third terminal in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second body in the second direction.

[0014] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first fuse in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth interface in the second direction.

[0015] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the sixth interface in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface in the second direction; and / or, the orthographic projection of the second interface in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface in the second direction; and / or, the orthographic projection of the third interface in the second direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface in the second direction.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first fuse is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first fuse is greater than a first current value, and the first switch is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first switch is greater than a second current value, wherein the first current value is greater than the second current value.

[0017] Secondly, this application also provides a battery device, including a control box and a battery pack as described in any of the first aspects, wherein the control box is electrically connected to the battery pack.

[0018] Thirdly, this application also provides a vehicle, including a body and a battery device as described in the second aspect, the battery device being connected to the body.

[0019] By connecting one end of the first fuse to the first interface and the other end to one end of the main positive relay and one end of the second circuit, and connecting the other end of the main positive relay to the other end of the second circuit, one end of the fast-charging positive relay, and the third interface, and connecting the other end of the fast-charging positive relay to the second interface, the first fuse is the necessary path for the current flowing through the second circuit, the third interface, and the fast-charging positive relay, thus protecting the second circuit, the third interface, and the fast-charging positive relay. Similarly, by connecting one end of the first switch to one end of the fourth interface and the other end to both the fifth and sixth interfaces, the first switch is the necessary path for the current flowing through the fifth and sixth interfaces, thus protecting them. Compared to existing technologies, using a main negative relay and a fast-charging negative relay to protect the fifth and sixth interfaces reduces the number of components. Furthermore, the combined volume of the main negative relay and the fast-charging negative relay is greater than the volume of the first switch, thereby reducing the size of the control box. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a top view of the control box in one embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control box circuit of one embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the control box in one embodiment; Figure 4 This is a front view of a control box according to one embodiment; Figure 5 This is a side view of a control box according to one embodiment.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10-Box body, 11-Receiving cavity, 12-First connecting bar, 121-First section, 122-Second section, 13-Second connecting bar, 20-First circuit, 21-First interface, 22-First fuse, 23-Main positive relay, 231-Third terminal, 232-Second main body, 233-Fourth terminal, 24-Second circuit, 241-Pre-charge relay, 242-Pre-charge resistor, 25-Fast charge positive relay, 26-Second interface, 27-Third interface, 30-Third circuit, 31-Fourth interface, 32-First switch, 321-First terminal, 322-First main body, 3221-First side, 3222-Second side, 3223-Top surface, 323-Second terminal, 33-Fifth interface, 34-Sixth interface, 40-Shunting device, X-First direction, Y-Second direction, Z-Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed" to another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be in a middle component. When a component is said to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or it may be in a middle component.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0026] This application provides a control box, please refer to... Figures 1 to 5 It includes a housing 10, a first circuit 20, and a third circuit 30.

[0027] The housing 10 has a receiving cavity 11.

[0028] The first circuit 20 includes a first interface 21, a first fuse 22, a main positive relay 23, a second circuit 24, a fast-charging positive relay 25, a second interface 26, and a third interface 27, all housed in the receiving cavity 11. One end of the first fuse 22 is connected to the first interface 21, and the other end is connected to one end of the main positive relay 23 and one end of the second circuit 24. The other end of the main positive relay 23 is connected to the other end of the second circuit 24, one end of the fast-charging positive relay 25, and the third interface 27. The other end of the fast-charging positive relay 25 is connected to the second interface 26. The first interface 21 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery. The second circuit 24 is used to pre-charge the first circuit 20. The third interface 27 is used to connect to the front-end module. The first fuse 22 is used to disconnect in case of overcurrent.

[0029] The third circuit 30 includes a fourth interface 31, a first switch 32, a fifth interface 33, and a sixth interface 34, all housed in the receiving cavity 11. One end of the fourth interface 31 is connected to one end of the first switch 32, and the other end of the first switch 32 is connected to the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34. The fourth interface 31 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the fifth interface 33 is connected to the front drive module. The first switch 32 is used to disconnect in case of overcurrent.

[0030] In one embodiment, the control box is a high-voltage electrical integrated unit that integrates high-voltage power distribution, overcurrent protection, and on / off control functions, used for power distribution and safety protection between the power battery, vehicle load, and fast charging interface. In another embodiment, the enclosure 10 serves as the external load-bearing and protective shell of the control box, made of flame-retardant material, and possesses flame-retardant and mechanical protection capabilities.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first circuit 20 is the main power supply circuit on the high-voltage positive side, undertaking the functions of positive current distribution, on / off control, and overcurrent protection. In one embodiment, the first switch 32 is a detonation switch.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first interface 21 is a battery positive input terminal, and the first interface 21 is used to reliably connect to the positive output terminal of the power battery pack.

[0033] In one embodiment, the first fuse 22 is an overcurrent protection device, which is a high-voltage fuse with high breaking capacity. When the circuit current exceeds a first preset value, the internal fuse element melts and completely cuts off the positive circuit.

[0034] In one embodiment, the main positive relay 23 is a controllable switching device for the positive main power supply circuit. It is a high-voltage DC relay driven by the low-voltage signal of the vehicle controller to realize the conduction and disconnection of the main circuit.

[0035] In one embodiment, the second circuit 24 is a pre-charge circuit, which includes a pre-charge relay 241 and a pre-charge resistor 242. The pre-charge relay 241 and the pre-charge resistor 242 are connected in series. In the initial stage of power-on, the pre-charge circuit slowly charges the capacitive components of the downstream load to avoid damage to the relay and load components by the inrush current at the moment of closing.

[0036] In one embodiment, the fast charging positive relay 25 is a controllable positive switch of the fast charging circuit, which is a high-voltage DC relay used to control the on / off state of the DC fast charging circuit.

[0037] In one embodiment, the second interface 26 is a fast charging positive terminal, which is used to connect to the positive output interface of an external DC fast charging pile.

[0038] In one embodiment, the third interface 27 is the positive terminal for power supply to the front drive module, and the third interface 27 is used to connect to the high voltage positive input terminal of the vehicle's front drive electric drive system.

[0039] In one embodiment, the third circuit 30 is a power supply protection circuit on the high-voltage negative side, and the third circuit 30 undertakes the functions of collecting negative current and overcurrent protection.

[0040] In one embodiment, the fourth interface 31 is a battery negative input terminal, used for electrical connection with the negative output terminal of the power battery pack.

[0041] In one embodiment, the first switch 32 is a negative-side overcurrent protection device. In this embodiment, a high-voltage DC fuse is used, which disconnects the circuit when the negative circuit current exceeds a second preset value. In another embodiment, the control box also includes a shunt 40, which is connected between the fourth interface 31 and the first switch 32. The shunt 40 has functions such as overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, and battery charging and discharging current detection.

[0042] In one embodiment, the fifth interface 33 is the negative terminal for power supply to the front drive module, used to connect to the high-voltage negative input terminal of the front drive electric drive system.

[0043] In one embodiment, the sixth interface 34 is the fast charging negative terminal.

[0044] In one embodiment, a sealed receiving cavity 11 is formed inside the housing 10. In the positive wiring area of ​​the receiving cavity 11, a first interface 21, a first fuse 22, a main positive relay 23, a second circuit 24 composed of a pre-charge relay 241 and a pre-charge resistor 242, a fast-charge positive relay 25, a second interface 26, and a third interface 27 are sequentially fixed and installed. Electrical connections are achieved using tin-plated copper busbars. One end of the first fuse 22 is fastened to the first interface 21 with bolts, and the other end of the first fuse 22 is simultaneously connected to one end of the main positive relay 23 and the input terminal of the second circuit 24 via copper busbars. The other end of the main positive relay 23 is connected to the output terminal of the second circuit 24, one end of the fast charging positive relay 25, and the third interface 27 via a busbar; the other end of the fast charging positive relay 25 is connected to the second interface 26 via a direct connection busbar; the fourth interface 31, the first switch 32, the fifth interface 33, and the sixth interface 34 are fixedly installed in the negative wiring area of ​​the receiving cavity 11, and the fourth interface 31 is connected to one end of the first switch 32 via a busbar, while the other end of the first switch 32 is simultaneously connected to the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34 via a busbar; after completing all wiring, the cover of the control box is installed and sealed with glue.

[0045] In one embodiment, when the vehicle is powered on normally, the vehicle controller first controls the pre-charge relay 241 in the second circuit 24 to close, pre-charging the bus capacitor of the front drive module. After the voltage difference drops to within the threshold, it controls the main positive relay 23 to close, and then opens the pre-charge relay 241 to complete the power-on. The current flows from the positive terminal of the battery through the first interface 21, the first fuse 22, and the main positive relay 23 to the third interface 27 to supply power to the front drive module. The negative current flows back to the negative terminal of the battery through the fifth interface 33, the first switch 32, and the fourth interface 31. During DC fast charging, the fast charging positive relay 25 closes, and the fast charging current flows through the second interface 26 and the fast charging positive relay 25 into the positive main circuit to charge the battery. When a short circuit or other overcurrent fault occurs in the positive circuit, the fuse of the first fuse 22 quickly melts and cuts off the positive circuit. When an overcurrent fault occurs in the negative circuit, the first switch 32 opens simultaneously, realizing dual-sided overcurrent protection and ensuring the safety of the high-voltage system.

[0046] By setting one end of the first fuse 22 to the first interface 21, and the other end to one end of the main positive relay 23 and one end of the second circuit 24, the other end of the main positive relay 23 is connected to the other end of the second circuit 24, one end of the fast charging positive relay 25, and the third interface 27, and the other end of the fast charging positive relay 25 is connected to the second interface 26, the first fuse 22 is the necessary path for the current flowing through the second circuit 24, the third interface 27, and the fast charging positive relay 25, and the first fuse 22 protects the second circuit 24, the third interface 27, and the fast charging positive relay 25. One end of the first switch 32 is connected to one end of the fourth interface 31, and the other end is connected to both the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34. The first switch 32 is the necessary path for the current flowing through the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34, thus protecting the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34. Compared with the prior art, the use of a main negative relay and a fast charging negative relay to protect the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34 reduces the number of components. Moreover, the combined volume of the main negative relay and the fast charging negative relay is greater than the volume of the first switch 32, thereby reducing the volume of the control box.

[0047] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The fourth interface 31 and the fifth interface 33 are opposite to each other and spaced apart in the first direction X. The first switch 32 is located between the fourth interface 31 and the fifth interface 33. The first switch 32 includes a first terminal 321, a first body 322 and a second terminal 323. The first terminal 321 and the second terminal 323 are spaced apart along the first direction X. One end of the first body 322 is connected to the first terminal 321 and the other end is connected to the second terminal 323. The first terminal 321 is located between the fourth interface 31 and the first body 322. The first terminal 321 is also connected to the fourth interface 31. The second terminal 323 is also connected to the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34.

[0048] In one embodiment, when arranging the negative-side components, the fourth interface 31, the first switch 32, and the fifth interface 33 are arranged sequentially along the first direction X, such that the conductive surfaces of the fourth interface 31 and the fifth interface 33 are positioned opposite each other along the first direction X, with the distance between them matching the total length of the first switch 32. The first switch 32 is fixedly installed at the middle position between the fourth interface 31 and the fifth interface 33. The first terminal 321 of the first switch 32 faces the fourth interface 31, and the second terminal 323 faces the fifth interface 33. The first terminal 321 and the second terminal 323 are arranged coaxially and spaced apart along the first direction X. The first body 322 is connected between the first terminal 321 and the second terminal 323. The end face of the first terminal 321 is fastened to the conductive end of the fourth interface 31 through a conductive connector, and the end face of the second terminal 323 is simultaneously connected to the conductive end of the fifth interface 33 and the conductive end of the sixth interface 34 through a bus connector. This arrangement allows the negative current to be transmitted in a straight line along the first direction X, resulting in a short current path. This reduces the circuit's on-resistance and heat generation. At the same time, this arrangement facilitates alignment during assembly, improving production and assembly efficiency.

[0049] By setting the fourth interface 31 and the fifth interface 33 at relative intervals along the first direction X, and placing the first switch 32 between them, while arranging the first terminal 321 and the second terminal 323 of the first switch 32 at intervals along the first direction X and respectively connecting to the fourth interface 31, the fifth interface 33, and the sixth interface 34, the connection distance between the interface and the first switch 32 is shortened, reducing the space occupied by the connection structure. At the same time, the first switch 32 is placed in the gap between the fourth interface 31 and the fifth interface 33, and the three are arranged compactly along the first direction X, improving the space utilization rate.

[0050] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The control box also includes a first connecting strip 12 and a second connecting strip 13. One end of the first connecting strip 12 is connected to the first terminal 321 and the other end is connected to the fourth interface 31. One end of the second connecting strip 13 is connected to the second terminal 323 and the other end is connected to both the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34. The first connecting strip 12 is bent and the second connecting strip 13 is bent.

[0051] In one embodiment, a first connecting row 12 and a second connecting row 13 are prepared in an L-shape, with the angle between the first connecting row 12 and the second connecting row 13 being 90 degrees.

[0052] In one embodiment, one end of the first connecting strip 12 is fastened to the conductive end face of the fourth interface 31 with bolts, and the other end is bent and attached to the side of the first terminal 321 of the first switch 32 and fastened with bolts. The bending structure of the first connecting strip 12 adapts to the height difference between the fourth interface 31 and the first terminal 321 in the height direction, achieving a reliable connection without adjusting the installation height of the components. One end of the second connecting strip 13 is attached to and fixed to the side of the second terminal 323 of the first switch 32, and the other end is bent and fastened to the conductive end faces of the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34. The bending structure of the second connecting strip 13 adapts to the height difference between the second terminal 323 and the output interface, simultaneously achieving a converged connection of two outputs. The use of bent connecting strips can flexibly adapt to the installation height difference of components, making the installation layout of components more flexible, making full use of the three-dimensional space of the receiving cavity 11, and optimizing the space utilization rate inside the control box.

[0053] In one embodiment, the first connecting row 12 is designed as a two-section L-shaped structure that is perpendicular to each other, wherein the length direction of the first section 121 is consistent with the first direction X, the length direction of the second section 122 is consistent with the second direction Y, and the included angle between the first section 121 and the second section 122 is 90°.

[0054] One end of the first connecting strip 12 is connected to the first terminal 321, and the other end is connected to the fourth interface 31. One end of the second connecting strip 13 is connected to the second terminal 323, and the other end is connected to both the fifth interface 33 and the sixth interface 34. The first connecting strip 12 and the second connecting strip 13 are bent. The bent structure can flexibly adapt to the interfaces and terminals, improve space utilization, and reduce the size of the control box.

[0055] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The first connecting row 12 includes a first segment 121 and a second segment 122. One end of the first segment 121 is connected to the fourth interface 31, and the other end is connected to one end of the second segment 122. The other end of the second segment 122 is connected to the first terminal 321. The first segment 121 extends along the first direction X, and the second segment 122 extends along the second direction Y. The second direction Y intersects with the first direction X.

[0056] In one embodiment, during installation, the end of the first segment 121 furthest from the second segment 122 is inserted into and secured to the conductive end of the fourth interface 31 along the first direction X, allowing current to flow into the first segment 121 along the first direction X. After being transmitted through the first segment 121 to the bend, the current changes direction and flows along the second direction Y through the second segment 122 into the first terminal 321 of the first switch 32, completing the current reversal transmission. This two-segment orthogonal structure, with its connecting bar extending along two orthogonal directions, can precisely adapt to the orthogonal position layout of the interface and terminal, resulting in clear current reversal.

[0057] The first connecting strip 12 is configured as a two-segment structure consisting of a first segment 121 extending along the first direction X and a second segment 122 extending along the second direction Y. This makes the extension direction of the connecting strip match the length and width directions of the control box, which not only accommodates the positional difference between the fourth interface 31 and the first switch 32 terminal in the two directions, but also reduces the ineffective space occupied by the first connecting strip 12 in the length and width directions, improves space utilization, and reduces the size of the control box.

[0058] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The first main body 322 includes a first side 3221, a second side 3222, and a top surface 3223. The first side 3221 and the second side 3222 are connected to opposite ends of the top surface 3223 along the first direction X. The first connecting row 12 is connected to the first side 3221, and the second connecting row 13 is connected to the second side 3222. The first connecting row 12 has a first gap distance from the top surface 3223 in the third direction, and the second connecting row 13 has a second gap distance from the top surface 3223 in the third direction Z. The first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect each other.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first body 322 of the first switch 32 is configured as a cuboid structure, with a first side surface 3221 and a second side surface 3222 on both sides along the first direction X, and a top surface 3223 of a horizontal plane. The connecting end of the first connecting bar 12 is fixed at the middle position of the first side surface 3221, so that the first connecting bar 12 is located in the lower middle part of the first side surface 3221, and a first gap distance is formed between the top of the first connecting bar 12 and the top surface 3223 of the first body 322 along the third direction Z. The connecting end of the second connecting bar 13 is fixed at the middle position of the second side surface 3222, so that the second connecting bar 13 is located in the lower middle part of the second side surface 3222, and a second gap distance is formed between the top of the second connecting bar 13 and the top surface 3223 of the first body 322 along the third direction Z.

[0060] In one embodiment, the first spacing distance is equal to the second spacing distance. This side connection method prevents the connecting bar from protruding from the top surface 3223 of the first body 322, reducing the overall height of the first switch 32 assembly. At the same time, the space above the top surface 3223 can be used to arrange low-voltage control lines or other small components, making full use of the space in the height direction. Furthermore, the spacing between the connecting bar and the top surface 3223 avoids frictional interference between the connecting bar and the insulating shell of the top surface 3223, improving the reliability and electrical safety of the assembly.

[0061] The first connecting bar 12 and the second connecting bar 13 are respectively connected to the first side 3221 and the second side 3222 of the first main body 322, and the two connecting bars are spaced apart from the top surface 3223 in the third direction Z. This makes full use of the height space on both sides of the first switch 32 to arrange the connecting bars, reducing the overall height of the control box in the third direction Z. At the same time, the side connection method does not require additional wiring space in the third direction Z, reducing the size of the control box.

[0062] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The fifth interface 33, the sixth interface 34, the second interface 26 and the third interface 27 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. The first interface 21 and the fourth interface 31 are spaced apart in both the first direction X and the second direction Y. The length direction of the first main body 322 and the length direction of the control box are the same as the first direction X. The width direction of the first main body 322 and the width direction of the control box are the same as the second direction Y.

[0063] In one embodiment, the fifth interface 33, the sixth interface 34, the second interface 26, and the third interface 27 are arranged sequentially and at equal intervals along the second direction Y on the output side end face of the control box. All output interfaces are arranged in a row along the width direction to facilitate the insertion and wiring of external wiring harnesses. The first interface 21 and the fourth interface 31 are arranged on the input side of the control box. The two are staggered in the first direction X and in the second direction Y, that is, there is a gap in both directions to avoid insufficient electrical clearance caused by the positive and negative input interfaces being too close together.

[0064] In one embodiment, the length direction of the first body 322 of the first switch 32 is aligned with the first direction X, and the width direction is aligned with the second direction Y. The length direction of the entire control box is aligned with the first direction X, and the width direction is aligned with the second direction Y, so that the dimensional direction of the components is perfectly matched with the overall direction of the control box. This arrangement allows all output interfaces to be arranged in rows along the width direction, resulting in neat and uniform interfaces that facilitate standardized connection of the vehicle wiring harness. The alignment of the component direction with the box direction maximizes the use of internal space, reduces space waste, and shrinks the overall size of the control box.

[0065] The fifth interface 33, the sixth interface 34, the second interface 26, and the third interface 27 are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the second direction Y. This arrangement of the interfaces in the same direction reduces the space waste caused by the scattered arrangement of interfaces, facilitates unified external connection of interfaces, improves space utilization, and reduces the size of the control box.

[0066] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5The orthogonal projection of the main positive relay 23 in the second direction Y partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the first switch 32 in the second direction Y; and / or, the orthogonal projection of the fast charging positive relay 25 in the second direction Y partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the first switch 32 in the second direction Y.

[0067] In one embodiment, when arranging the components, the main positive relay 23 is arranged in front of the positive side along the first direction X, and the first switch 32 is arranged in front of the negative side along the first direction X. The front and rear positions of the two are adjusted in the first direction X so that the orthographic projection outline of the main positive relay 23 along the second direction Y and the orthographic projection outline of the first switch 32 along the second direction Y overlap by one-third of their respective areas.

[0068] In one embodiment, the fast-charging positive relay 25 is arranged at the rear of the positive terminal side along the first direction X. The front and rear positions of the fast-charging positive relay 25 are adjusted so that its orthographic projection outline along the second direction Y overlaps with the orthographic projection outline of the first switch 32 by one-quarter of a region. By making the projected portions of the positive and negative components overlap in the second direction Y, the positive and negative components can be partially staggered in the length direction, avoiding the excessive width caused by the positive and negative components being completely side by side in the width direction, and effectively compressing the overall width of the control box in the second direction Y.

[0069] By setting the orthogonal projection of the main positive relay 23 and / or the fast charging positive relay 25 in the second direction Y to partially overlap with the first switch 32, the main relay, the fast charging relay and the first switch 32 are staggered in the width direction and their orthogonal projections overlap. This staggered arrangement makes full use of the space in the width direction, resulting in a more compact layout, improved space utilization and reduced volume of the control box.

[0070] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The main positive relay 23 and the fast charging positive relay 25 are spaced apart in the first direction X, and the orthographic projection of the main positive relay 23 in the first direction X and the orthographic projection of the fast charging positive relay 25 in the first direction X at least partially overlap.

[0071] In one embodiment, when arranging components in the positive region, the main positive relay 23 and the fast charging positive relay 25 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, with a heat dissipation gap reserved between them.

[0072] In one embodiment, the left and right positions of the two relays in the second direction Y are adjusted so that two-thirds of the orthographic projection outline of the main positive relay 23 along the first direction X overlaps with the orthographic projection outline of the fast charging positive relay 25 along the first direction X.

[0073] In one embodiment, the main positive relay 23 and the fast charging positive relay 25 are spaced apart in the first direction X to ensure heat dissipation space between the two relays, avoid mutual interference due to heat generation during operation, improve the working reliability and service life of the relays, and the overlapping projection design also facilitates the connection of the copper busbars of the two relays, shortens the length of the connecting copper busbars, and reduces conduction loss.

[0074] The main positive relay 23 and the fast charging positive relay 25 are spaced apart along the first direction X, and their orthogonal projections in the first direction X overlap at least partially, which shortens the connection path and allows the two relays to share some space in the width and height directions, thereby improving space utilization and reducing the size of the control box.

[0075] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The main positive relay 23 and the first fuse 22 are spaced apart in the first direction X, and the orthogonal projection of the main positive relay 23 in the first direction X and the orthogonal projection of the first fuse 22 in the first direction X at least partially overlap.

[0076] In one embodiment, the first fuse 22 and the main positive relay 23 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X, with a gap between them to meet electrical safety requirements.

[0077] In one embodiment, the left and right positions of the two components in the second direction Y are adjusted so that half of the orthographic projection of the first fuse 22 along the first direction X overlaps with the orthographic projection of the main positive relay 23 along the first direction X. This front-to-back arrangement with overlapping projections allows multiple components to be arranged sequentially along the length direction, with current transmitted in a straight line along the first direction X, resulting in a short path and low loss. At the same time, the overlapping projection design avoids the two components occupying too much width space when placed side by side along the width direction, thus compressing the overall width of the control box.

[0078] The main positive relay 23 and the first fuse 22 are spaced apart along the first direction X, and their orthogonal projections in the first direction X overlap at least partially, so that the two components share part of the space in the width and height directions, shortening the connection path between them, improving space utilization, and reducing the size of the control box.

[0079] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5The main positive relay 23 includes a third terminal 231, a second body 232, and a fourth terminal 233. The third terminal 231 and the fourth terminal 233 are spaced apart along the second direction Y. One end of the second body 232 is connected to the third terminal 231, and the other end is connected to the fourth terminal 233. The third terminal 231 is also connected to the other end of the first fuse 22 and one end of the second circuit 24. The fourth terminal 233 is also connected to the front drive module and the other end of the second circuit 24. The orthographic projection of the third terminal 231 in the second direction Y and the orthographic projection of the fourth terminal 233 in the second direction Y at least partially overlap. The orthographic projection of the third terminal 231 in the second direction Y and the orthographic projection of the second body 232 in the second direction Y at least partially overlap.

[0080] In one embodiment, the third terminal 231 and the fourth terminal 233 are arranged at left and right intervals along the second direction Y on the same side of the second body 232, and the second body 232 is connected between the two terminals.

[0081] In one embodiment, the relative positions of the terminals and the main body are adjusted so that the orthographic projection of the third terminal 231 along the second direction Y partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth terminal 233 along the second direction Y. Simultaneously, the orthographic projections of both the third terminal 231 and the fourth terminal 233 along the second direction Y partially overlap with the orthographic projection of the second main body 232. This structure, arranging the terminals along the width direction, allows for a smaller length dimension of the relay, adapting to a compact layout along the length direction. The design of overlapping terminal projections with the main body projection makes the overall structure of the relay more compact, reducing unnecessary space occupation.

[0082] The orthographic projection of the third terminal 231 in the second direction Y at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth terminal 233 in the second direction Y, and the orthographic projection of the third terminal 231 in the second direction Y at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second body 232 in the second direction Y, thus enabling the connection path between the three and reducing the space occupied by the connection structure.

[0083] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The orthographic projection of the first fuse 22 in the second direction Y at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth interface 31 in the second direction Y.

[0084] In one embodiment, when arranging the components, the first fuse 22 is placed in the input area on the positive side, and the fourth interface 31 is placed in the input area on the negative side. Their relative positions in the first direction X are adjusted so that the orthographic projection outline of the first fuse 22 along the second direction Y overlaps with the orthographic projection outline of the fourth interface 31 along the second direction Y by one-third. This overlapping layout causes the fuse on the positive input side and the interface on the negative input side to be partially misaligned in the length direction, avoiding an excessively wide input side due to them being completely side-by-side in the width direction. This compresses the width of the control box input side, making the overall structure more compact. Simultaneously, the partial overlap facilitates the connection of input wiring harnesses, improving wiring neatness.

[0085] By setting the orthogonal projection of the first fuse 22 in the second direction Y to at least partially overlap with the fourth interface 31, the first fuse 22 and the fourth interface 31 are staggered in the width direction, making full use of the space in the width direction of the receiving cavity 11 and improving the space utilization rate.

[0086] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The orthographic projection of the sixth interface 34 in the second direction Y at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface 33 in the second direction Y; and / or, the orthographic projection of the second interface 26 in the second direction Y at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface 33 in the second direction Y; and / or, the orthographic projection of the third interface 27 in the second direction Y at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface 33 in the second direction Y.

[0087] In one embodiment, the fifth interface 33 is set as the negative reference interface on the far left, and the sixth interface 34, the second interface 26, and the third interface 27 are set sequentially to the right along the second direction Y.

[0088] In one embodiment, the front-to-back positions of each interface in the first direction X are adjusted so that the orthographic projection of the sixth interface 34 along the second direction Y partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface 33, the orthographic projection of the second interface 26 along the second direction Y partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface 33, and the orthographic projection of the third interface 27 along the second direction Y also partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface 33. By making all output interfaces project and overlap with the reference fifth interface 33, all output interfaces can be partially staggered in the length direction, avoiding the excessive length of the control box caused by the front-to-back staggering of all interfaces in the length direction, effectively compressing the length of the control box; at the same time, the design of the interfaces being arranged sequentially and projected and overlapping along the second direction Y makes the interface layout more compact.

[0089] The relationship between these three orthographic projections and the three staggered arrangement methods make full use of the space in the width direction, making the interface layout more compact and regular, and improving space utilization.

[0090] In one implementation method, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 The first fuse 22 is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first fuse 22 is greater than a first current value, and the first switch 32 is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first switch 32 is greater than a second current value, wherein the first current value is greater than the second current value.

[0091] In one embodiment, the first current value of the first fuse 22 is set to 500A, meaning that when the positive circuit current exceeds 500A, the fuse element of the first fuse 22 melts and cuts off the positive circuit. The second current value of the first switch 32 is set to 400A, meaning that when the negative circuit current exceeds 400A, the first switch 32 operates and cuts off the negative circuit, ensuring that the first current value is greater than the second current value. This threshold setting lowers the operating threshold of the protection element on the negative side. When an overcurrent fault occurs, the first switch 32 on the negative side operates first to disconnect the circuit. If the fault current continues to increase, the first fuse 22 on the positive side then melts as backup protection, forming a graded protection mechanism. In the event of a general overcurrent fault, only the first switch 32 can be disconnected, avoiding the need to replace the main fuse after it blows, reducing maintenance costs. The fuse acts as the ultimate protection to ensure safety under extreme short-circuit faults, improving the reliability and economy of the protection system.

[0092] By setting the breaking current value of the first fuse 22 to be greater than the breaking current value of the first switch 32, a graded protection mechanism for the positive and negative protection devices is achieved.

[0093] This application also provides a battery device, including a control box and a battery pack as described above, wherein the control box is electrically connected to the battery pack.

[0094] This application also provides a vehicle, including a body and a battery device as described above, the battery device being connected to the body.

[0095] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and other indicators are based on the orientation or positional relationship of the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0096] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of this application are still within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A control box, characterized in that, include: The box (10) has a receiving cavity (11); The first circuit (20) includes a first interface (21), a first fuse (22), a main positive relay (23), a second circuit (24), a fast-charging positive relay (25), a second interface (26), and a third interface (27), all housed in the receiving cavity (11). One end of the first fuse (22) is connected to the first interface (21), and the other end is connected to one end of the main positive relay (23) and one end of the second circuit (24). The other end of the main positive relay (23) is connected to the other end of the second circuit (24), one end of the fast-charging positive relay (25), and the third interface (27). The other end of the fast-charging positive relay (25) is connected to the second interface (26). The first interface (21) is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery. The second circuit (24) is used to pre-charge the first circuit (20). The third interface (27) is used to connect to the front drive module. The first fuse (22) is used to disconnect in case of overcurrent. The third circuit (30) includes a fourth interface (31), a first switch (32), a fifth interface (33), and a sixth interface (34), all of which are housed in the receiving cavity (11). One end of the fourth interface (31) is connected to one end of the first switch (32), and the other end of the first switch (32) is connected to the fifth interface (33) and the sixth interface (34). The fourth interface (31) is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the fifth interface (33) is connected to the front drive module. The first switch (32) is used to disconnect in case of overcurrent.

2. The control box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth interface (31) and the fifth interface (33) are opposite to each other and spaced apart in the first direction (X), and the first switch (32) is located between the fourth interface (31) and the fifth interface (33); The first switch (32) includes a first terminal (321), a first body (322), and a second terminal (323). The first terminal (321) and the second terminal (323) are spaced apart along the first direction (X). One end of the first body (322) is connected to the first terminal (321), and the other end is connected to the second terminal (323). The first terminal (321) is located between the fourth interface (31) and the first body (322). The first terminal (321) is also connected to the fourth interface (31). The second terminal (323) is also connected to the fifth interface (33) and the sixth interface (34).

3. The control box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control box also includes a first connecting bar (12) and a second connecting bar (13). One end of the first connecting bar (12) is connected to the first terminal (321), and the other end is connected to the fourth interface (31). One end of the second connecting bar (13) is connected to the second terminal (323), and the other end is connected to the fifth interface (33) and the sixth interface (34). The first connecting bar (12) is bent, and the second connecting bar (13) is bent.

4. The control box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first connecting bar (12) includes a first segment (121) and a second segment (122). One end of the first segment (121) is connected to the fourth interface (31), and the other end is connected to one end of the second segment (122). The other end of the second segment (122) is connected to the first terminal (321). The first segment (121) extends along the first direction (X), and the second segment (122) extends along the second direction (Y). The second direction (Y) intersects with the first direction (X).

5. The control box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first main body (322) includes a first side (3221), a second side (3222), and a top surface (3223). The first side (3221) and the second side (3222) are connected to opposite ends of the top surface (3223) along the first direction (X). The first connecting row (12) is connected to the first side (3221), and the second connecting row (13) is connected to the second side (3222). The first connecting row (12) has a first gap distance with the top surface (3223) in a third direction, and the second connecting row (13) has a second gap distance with the top surface (3223) in a third direction (Z). The first direction (X), the second direction (Y), and the third direction (Z) intersect each other.

6. The control box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fifth interface (33), the sixth interface (34), the second interface (26) and the third interface (27) are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y), and the first interface (21) and the fourth interface (31) have a spacing distance in both the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y); The length direction of the first main body (322) and the length direction of the control box are the same as the first direction (X), and the width direction of the first main body (322) and the width direction of the control box are the same as the second direction (Y).

7. The control box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the main positive relay (23) in the second direction (Y) partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first switch (32) in the second direction (Y); and / or, the orthographic projection of the fast charging positive relay (25) in the second direction (Y) partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the first switch (32) in the second direction (Y).

8. The control box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main positive relay (23) and the fast charging positive relay (25) are spaced apart in the first direction (X), and the orthographic projection of the main positive relay (23) in the first direction (X) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fast charging positive relay (25) in the first direction (X).

9. The control box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main positive relay (23) and the first fuse (22) are spaced apart in the first direction (X), and the orthogonal projection of the main positive relay (23) in the first direction (X) at least partially overlaps with the orthogonal projection of the first fuse (22) in the first direction (X).

10. The control box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main positive relay (23) includes a third terminal (231), a second body (232), and a fourth terminal (233). The third terminal (231) and the fourth terminal (233) are spaced apart along the second direction (Y). One end of the second body (232) is connected to the third terminal (231), and the other end is connected to the fourth terminal (233). The third terminal (231) is also connected to the other end of the first fuse (22) and one end of the second circuit (24). The fourth terminal (233) is also connected to the front drive module and the other end of the second circuit (24). The orthographic projection of the third terminal (231) in the second direction (Y) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth terminal (233) in the second direction (Y). The orthographic projection of the third terminal (231) in the second direction (Y) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second body (232) in the second direction (Y).

11. The control box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the first fuse (22) in the second direction (Y) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fourth interface (31) in the second direction (Y).

12. The control box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the sixth interface (34) in the second direction (Y) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface (33) in the second direction (Y); And / or, the orthographic projection of the second interface (26) in the second direction (Y) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface (33) in the second direction (Y); And / or, the orthographic projection of the third interface (27) in the second direction (Y) at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the fifth interface (33) in the second direction (Y).

13. The control box according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The first fuse (22) is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first fuse (22) is greater than a first current value, and the first switch (32) is used to disconnect when the current flowing through the first switch (32) is greater than a second current value, wherein the first current value is greater than the second current value.

14. A battery device, characterized in that, It includes a control box and a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the control box is electrically connected to the battery pack.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle body and a battery device as described in claim 14, the battery device being connected to the vehicle body.

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