A back fan direct plug-in electrical wireless charging device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of charging devices, and discloses a back fan direct insertion power connection wireless charging device which comprises upper and lower shells which are assembled in an up-down mode, a wireless charging coil for wirelessly charging equipment and a PCB board for controlling the wireless charging coil and electrical conduction are arranged in the shell, a heat dissipation fan module is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell, the heat dissipation fan module is a pre-integrated independent integral assembly module, the heat dissipation fan module comprises a fan mounting frame, a fan and a clamping type power connection module, the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a plug-in positioning structure matched with the heat dissipation fan module, the heat dissipation fan module is plugged into the PCB board through the power connection module, and when the plug-in is in place, mechanical limiting fixing and electrical conduction of the heat dissipation fan module are simultaneously realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charging device technology, specifically to a wireless charging device for direct connection of a rear fan to power. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless charging devices utilize electromagnetic induction to transfer electrical energy to consumer electronics without contact. During continuous operation, the internal wireless charging coil and PCB board generate a significant temperature rise. To maintain stable charging efficiency and extend the lifespan of electronic components, the industry commonly incorporates a cooling fan within the device casing to expel accumulated heat through forced airflow. Therefore, the assembly structure and electrical connection method of the cooling fan directly determine the device's ease of assembly, compactness, and reliability.

[0003] In existing wireless charging devices, the cooling fan is often a separate component, individually fastened to the housing's support or bracket using screws or other fasteners. Its power supply wires are then connected to the PCB board via plug-in or soldering. This structure involves separate mechanical fixing and electrical connection of the fan, resulting in a cumbersome assembly process that hinders automated high-speed production. Furthermore, fan maintenance and replacement require disconnecting the electrical connection before releasing the mechanical fasteners, limiting operating space and increasing the risk of accidental damage to surrounding components. The separate fan, connecting wires, and housing also have long tolerance chains, making them susceptible to fan blade interference with the housing wall, poor airflow sealing, or airflow short circuits due to assembly deviations. This leads to degraded heat dissipation and increased operating noise. While some solutions combine the power terminals with the fan in a simple manner, the lack of a pre-integrated module and a corresponding quick-connect positioning mechanism prevents simultaneous mechanical fixing and electrical connection in a single plug-in action, making it difficult to balance the multiple requirements of assembly efficiency, maintenance convenience, and structural reliability. Meanwhile, when some car manufacturers install wireless charging devices, they only plan to use passive cooling without setting up a heat dissipation module. For manufacturers, this means that they need to design multiple molds for one device to meet different needs, which increases costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problem to be solved: In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a wireless charging device for direct connection of the rear fan to power, which has the advantage of separate assembly of heat dissipation module, and solves the problem of needing multiple products when the user does not need heat dissipation module.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution: To achieve the purpose of the above-mentioned separate assembly of the heat dissipation module, the present invention provides the following technical solution: including a housing, the housing including an upper housing and a lower housing assembled on the upper and lower sides, the housing is provided with a wireless charging coil for wireless charging of the device and a PCB board for controlling the wireless charging coil and electrical conduction, the bottom of the lower housing is provided with a heat dissipation fan module, the heat dissipation fan module is a pre-integrated independent whole assembly module, the heat dissipation fan module includes a fan mounting bracket, a fan and a snap-in power connection module; The bottom of the lower housing is provided with a plug-in positioning structure adapted to the cooling fan module. The cooling fan module is plugged into the PCB board through the power connection module. When plugged in, the mechanical limiting and fixing of the cooling fan module and the electrical conduction are realized simultaneously.

[0006] The fan and the power module are embedded in the fan mounting bracket, and a fan circuit board is provided between the fan and the fan mounting bracket. The fan circuit board is connected to the power module.

[0007] The power connection module includes a pin header, one end of which is soldered to the fan circuit board. The bottom of the PCB board is provided with a female connector for the pin header to be inserted, and the bottom of the lower housing is provided with a lower housing power connection opening for the pin header to pass through.

[0008] The fan is installed in the fan mounting bracket in a direction perpendicular to the PCB board, and the pin headers are inserted into the female connector in the same direction as the fan installation.

[0009] The bottom of the lower housing is provided with a downward-extending elastic buckle along the edge of the fan mounting bracket, and the side of the fan mounting bracket is provided with a slot corresponding to the buckle position.

[0010] The fan circuit board is a one-piece molded irregularly shaped printed circuit board with an overall ring structure with an eccentric extension arm.

[0011] The fan mounting bracket has a volute-shaped cavity for fan mounting. The fan mounting bracket has an air inlet that communicates with the cavity, and the bottom of the lower housing has a lower housing air outlet that communicates with the cavity.

[0012] One end of the housing is provided with a through-flow duct structure, through which the airflow in the fan mounting bracket can flow through the through-flow duct structure, through the inside of the housing, and then into the upper surface of the upper housing. The fan is a centrifugal fan.

[0013] The wireless charging coil is a three-coil array structure, with the three coils staggered along the charging plane to form a continuous charging area without dead zones. A platform-shaped coil mounting bracket is provided between the wireless charging coil and the PCB board.

[0014] The upper housing has an air vent on its side.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a wireless charging device for a rear fan that is directly plugged in for power, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This rear-fan direct-plug wireless charging device, through the collaborative design of a pre-integrated cooling fan module and a direct-plug power connection structure, simplifies assembly processes, improves production efficiency, and significantly optimizes the device's ease of maintenance, operational reliability, and heat dissipation charging performance. The overall flat shell structure is suitable for various desktop and embedded applications. The upper and lower shells use a detachable assembly method with flexible hooks and slots, allowing for shell assembly without additional fasteners. This improves production line assembly efficiency and facilitates later inspection and maintenance of internal core components. The wireless charging coil is positioned close to the inner top surface of the upper shell, effectively shortening the coupling distance with the device being charged and improving the energy transmission efficiency of wireless charging. Combined with the active cooling of the bottom cooling fan module, it can promptly dissipate the heat generated by the coil and PCB board during operation, preventing power drop due to temperature rise during charging and ensuring continuous and stable charging power. The cooling fan module adopts a pre-integrated, independent design, allowing for separate assembly and functional testing on the production line before final assembly into the main unit. This reduces the complexity and defect rate of the overall assembly and enables independent replacement of the fan module. After-sales maintenance eliminates the need to disassemble the main unit; the module can be installed and removed directly from the bottom, significantly reducing maintenance costs and operational barriers. During installation, the guide and pre-positioning mechanism, combined with a pin header and nut design aligned with the fan's installation direction, allows for blind-plug assembly, effectively reducing alignment difficulties and preventing pin bending damage during insertion. Mechanical locking and electrical connection are simultaneously achieved upon insertion, eliminating the need for additional screws or wiring, completing assembly in one step and significantly improving assembly efficiency. Furthermore, the fan circuit board is integrated between the fan and the mounting bracket, replacing traditional scattered wiring harnesses. This reduces electromagnetic interference from internal wiring to the wireless charging coil, improving charging stability, and allows for a more compact internal structure, meeting the overall slim design requirements of the device. This ensures a clean and complete device appearance while simultaneously improving both heat dissipation performance and structural reliability. At the same time, when assembling and supplying, only one type of product needs to be supplied. When customers do not need to assemble a cooling fan for active cooling, they can simply assemble the housing. There is no need to design an additional low-end version of the product. Furthermore, different cooling modules can be plugged in below according to different needs, so the product can meet diverse market demands.

[0016] 2. This rear-mounted fan direct-plug wireless charging device utilizes a synergistic structure between the integrated elastic buckle on the lower housing and the fan mounting bracket slot, along with the irregularly shaped fan circuit board and the volute-shaped cavity airflow design. This, combined with the pre-integrated modular, direct-plug power connection structure, enhances assembly and maintenance convenience while further optimizing space utilization, operational reliability, heat dissipation efficiency, and user experience. The integrated cantilever-shaped elastic buckle on the bottom of the lower housing automatically springs into the corresponding slot on the side of the fan mounting bracket when the cooling fan module is inserted, achieving mechanical locking without the need for additional fasteners. This, combined with the direct-plug power connection structure, allows for simultaneous mechanical fixing and electrical connection, significantly simplifying the assembly process. Disassembly requires only moving a spring clip to unlock, enabling fan module replacement and maintenance without disassembling the entire unit, significantly improving after-sales maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, the integrated buckle eliminates the need for additional independent parts, reducing material and assembly costs, and its structural strength is more stable, preventing loosening or breakage even after repeated disassembly and assembly, ensuring the long-term reliability of the module connection. Employing a circular, irregularly shaped printed circuit board with an eccentric extension arm, this design fully utilizes the unused space around the fan for wiring, eliminating the need to increase the fan module's thickness and perfectly aligning with the device's flat and thin design requirements. The integrated printed circuit board replaces traditional scattered wires, reducing the risk of loose or open circuits caused by messy wiring, improving electrical connection stability, and minimizing electromagnetic interference from loose wires to the wireless charging coil, ensuring stable charging transmission. Furthermore, the extension arm directly connects to the power module, shortening the power transmission path and reducing line losses. The volute-shaped cavity inside the fan mounting bracket, combined with a gradient flow channel design, optimizes airflow direction to suit fan operating characteristics, improving static pressure and output efficiency while reducing airflow turbulence and operating noise. This, along with the protective mesh inlet and the bottom grid-like outlet, creates a smooth heat dissipation cycle. The protective mesh blocks foreign objects to prevent fan blade damage and extend fan lifespan, while the bottom grid outlet ensures smooth airflow while maintaining the integrity and cleanliness of the casing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper surface structure of the upper shell of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the wireless charging coil structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coil mounting bracket structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the details of the air vent on the lower casing of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling fan module structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fan mounting bracket of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fan circuit board of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pin header of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the female connector of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Upper housing; 11. Wireless charging coil; 12. Coil mounting bracket; 13. PCB board; 14. Through-flow air duct structure; 101. Upper housing air vent; 131. Female connector; 2. Lower housing; 21. Lower housing air vent; 22. Lower housing power connection opening; 3. Fan mounting bracket; 31. Fan; 32. Power connection module; 311. Fan circuit board; 321. Pin header. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-9 This rear-mounted fan direct-plug wireless charging device includes a housing. The housing is flat to facilitate placement and embedding in the usage environment. The housing consists of an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2, which are assembled vertically. The upper housing 1 and lower housing 2 are connected by elastic hooks and slots on the periphery for detachable connection, facilitating maintenance and assembly of internal components. The housing contains a wireless charging coil 11 for wireless charging of the device and a PCB board 13 for controlling the wireless charging coil 11 and its electrical conduction. The wireless charging coil 11 is horizontally mounted on the inner top surface of the upper housing 1 to shorten the distance to external charging devices and improve coupling efficiency. The PCB board 13 is screwed to a support column inside the lower housing 2. The PCB board 13 carries a wireless charging management circuit and a power supply interface. The circuit enables electrical conduction and control functions. The bottom of the lower housing 2 is equipped with a cooling fan module. An opening is opened at the bottom of the lower housing 2. The cooling fan module is inserted into the opening from bottom to top and fixed to form an overall heat dissipation unit. The cooling fan module is a pre-integrated independent assembly module. That is, the fan 31 and the power connection module 32 are pre-assembled onto the fan mounting bracket 3 to form an overall unit during the manufacturing stage. Users do not need to install the fan or connect the wires separately. The entire unit can be directly disassembled and assembled. The cooling fan module includes a fan mounting bracket 3, a fan 31, and a snap-in power connection module 32. The fan mounting bracket 3 is an injection molded part that provides installation space for the fan 31. The fan 31 is a thin fan. The snap-in power connection module 32 is fixed to the side of the fan mounting bracket 3 through a slot structure for plug-in electrical connection with the PCB board 13.

[0021] The bottom of the lower housing 2 is provided with a plug-in positioning structure adapted to the cooling fan module. The plug-in positioning structure includes a guide post and a positioning hole extending downward from the bottom of the lower housing 2. The fan mounting bracket 3 is provided with a guide sleeve and a positioning pin. During installation, the guide post and the guide sleeve cooperate to achieve pre-positioning. The cooling fan module is plugged into the PCB board 13 through the power connection module 32. The pin header 321 of the power connection module 32 passes through the power connection opening 22 of the lower housing for the pin header 321 to pass through and is inserted into the female connector 131 soldered to the bottom surface of the PCB board 13 to complete the circuit connection. When plugged in, the mechanical limiting and fixing of the cooling fan module and the electrical conduction are realized simultaneously. When the pin header 321 is fully inserted into the female connector 131, the elastic buckle or locking mechanism of the plug-in positioning structure also simultaneously fixes the fan mounting bracket 3 on the lower housing 2, so that the module cannot be removed and the circuit connection is completed. This achieves the rapid assembly effect of installation and fixing at the same time, ensuring the simultaneity of mechanical positioning and electrical connection.

[0022] The fan 31 and the power connection module 32 are embedded in the fan mounting bracket 3. The fan 31 is pressed into the circular groove of the fan mounting bracket 3 along its axial direction and fixed by the circumferential claws. The power connection module 32 slides into the reserved slot of the fan mounting bracket 3 along its side and is locked by the buckle. A fan circuit board 311 is provided between the fan 31 and the fan mounting bracket 3. The fan circuit board 311 is sandwiched between the bottom of the fan 31 and the inner bottom surface of the fan mounting bracket 3, which serves as a support and electrical connection intermediary. The fan circuit board 311 is conductive to the power connection module 32. One end of the printed circuit on the fan circuit board 311 is connected to the solder point of the pin header 321, and the other end is connected to the motor lead pad of the fan 31, so as to realize the transmission of electrical energy and signal input from the female connector 131 to the fan 31. The power connection module 32 includes a pin header 321, which consists of multiple parallel metal pins inserted into the through holes of a plastic insulating base. One end of the pin header 321 is soldered to the fan circuit board 311 using reflow soldering or manual soldering to ensure a stable mechanical and electrical connection between the pin header 321 and the fan circuit board 311. The bottom of the PCB board 13 has a female connector 131 for the pin header 321 to insert into. The female connector 131 is a multi-hole female connector, soldered to the bottom surface of the PCB board 13 using surface mount technology. Its insertion hole opening faces vertically downwards, directly opposite the power connection opening 22 of the lower housing. The bottom of the lower housing 2 has a lower housing power connection opening 22 for the pin header 321 to pass through, and this opening penetrates the shell wall of the lower housing 2. The elongated oval through hole has a profile dimension larger than the combined width of the pin header 321, providing a clearance channel during insertion. The fan 31 is installed into the fan mounting bracket 3 in a direction perpendicular to the PCB board 13, that is, the rotation axis of the fan 31 is orthogonal to the surface of the PCB board 13, so that the airflow direction generated by the fan 31 is consistent with the overall air duct design inside the housing, reducing airflow resistance. The pin header 321 is inserted into the female connector 131 in the same direction as the fan 31 is installed. The length extension direction of the pin header 321 is parallel to the movement direction of the fan 31 into the fan mounting bracket 3. Therefore, when the cooling fan module is installed upward as a whole, the pin header 321 can be naturally inserted into the female connector 131 to achieve blind-plug electrical connection and improve assembly convenience.

[0023] The bottom of the lower housing 2 is provided with a downwardly extending elastic buckle along the edge of the fan mounting bracket 3. The elastic buckle is an integrally formed cantilevered spring piece at the bottom of the lower housing 2, with a barb at its end, which can elastically deform. The side of the fan mounting bracket 3 is provided with a slot corresponding to the position of the buckle. When the fan mounting bracket 3 is installed in place, the barb of the elastic buckle springs into the slot, preventing the fan mounting bracket 3 from falling out downward, providing a reliable mechanical limit. When disassembly is required, the spring piece can be moved to disengage its barb from the slot, and the cooling fan module can be removed, which also makes it maintainable.

[0024] The fan circuit board 311 is an integrally formed irregularly shaped printed circuit board with an overall annular structure with an eccentric extension arm. The annular part surrounds the outer periphery of the fan 31, and the eccentric extension arm extends outward from one side of the annular part to the installation position of the power connection module 32. This shape makes full use of the idle space around the fan 31 inside the fan mounting bracket 3 without increasing the overall thickness. The cavity of the fan mounting bracket 3 for mounting the fan 31 is volute-shaped. The flow channel cross section of the volute-shaped cavity gradually expands along the impeller rotation direction, which can reduce the airflow speed, increase the static pressure, improve the air delivery efficiency of the fan 31, and reduce the operating noise. The fan mounting bracket 3 has an air inlet that communicates with the cavity. The air inlet is located on the top or side wall of the fan mounting bracket 3, directly facing the air intake area of ​​the fan 31, and is equipped with a protective net. The bottom of the lower housing 2 has a lower housing air outlet 21 that communicates with the cavity. The lower housing air outlet 21 is a grid-shaped air outlet that corresponds to the air outlet end of the volute. The airflow discharged by the fan 31 is blown to the outside of the device through this outlet, realizing heat dissipation circulation.

[0025] One end of the housing is provided with a through-flow duct structure 14. The airflow on the upper surface of the upper housing 1 can flow through the through-flow duct structure 14, pass through the inside of the housing, and then flow into the fan mounting bracket 3. The fan 31 is a centrifugal fan.

[0026] The wireless charging coil 11 is a three-coil array structure. Each coil is wound with Litz wire and attached to a magnetic sheet to form an independent charging unit. The three coils are staggered along the charging plane to form a continuous charging area without dead zones. The three coils partially overlap or are closely adjacent in the horizontal projection. The effective charging coverage area covers the entire upper surface area of ​​the upper housing 1. No matter where the electronic device is placed on the surface, at least one coil can be effectively coupled and charged, eliminating charging dead zones. A platform-shaped coil mounting bracket 12 is provided between the wireless charging coil 11 and the PCB board 13. The coil mounting bracket 12 is a rigid insulating plate, which is fixed to the support rib of the lower housing 2 by buckles or screws. The upper surface of the coil mounting bracket 12 is used to support and fix the three coils, while the lower surface maintains an insulating distance from the PCB board 13, playing a dual role of supporting the coils and isolating the circuit.

[0027] The upper housing 1 has an upper housing vent 101 on its side. The upper housing vent 101 is a louvered or mesh opening located on the side wall of the upper housing 1. As the main air inlet, the upper housing vent 101 allows outside air to flow into the housing. Under the power of the centrifugal fan 31, external cold air is drawn in from the upper housing vent 101 and participates in the internal heat dissipation cycle, ensuring that the temperature of the wireless charging coil 11 and the PCB board 13 is always within a reasonable range.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A back-mounted fan direct-plug wireless charging device, comprising a housing, the housing comprising an upper housing (1) and a lower housing (2) assembled vertically, the housing containing a wireless charging coil (11) for wireless charging of the device and a PCB board (13) for controlling the wireless charging coil (11) and electrical conduction, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower housing (2) is provided with a cooling fan module. The cooling fan module is a pre-integrated independent assembly module. The cooling fan module includes a fan mounting bracket (3), a fan (31), and a snap-in power connection module (32). The bottom of the lower housing (2) is provided with a plug-in positioning structure adapted to the cooling fan module. The cooling fan module is plugged into the PCB board (13) through the power connection module (32). When plugged in, the mechanical limiting and fixing of the cooling fan module and the electrical conduction are realized simultaneously.

2. The wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan (31) and the power connection module (32) are embedded in the fan mounting bracket (3). A fan circuit board (311) is provided between the fan (31) and the fan mounting bracket (3). The fan circuit board (311) is connected to the power connection module (32).

3. The wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power connection module (32) includes a pin header (321), one end of which is soldered to the fan circuit board (311). The bottom of the PCB board (13) is provided with a female connector (131) for the pin header (321) to be inserted. The bottom of the lower housing (2) is provided with a lower housing power connection opening (22) for the pin header (321) to pass through.

4. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fan (31) is installed in the fan mounting bracket (3) in a direction perpendicular to the PCB board (13), and the pin header (321) is inserted into the female connector (131) in the same direction as the fan (31).

5. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the lower housing (2) is provided with a downwardly extending elastic buckle along the edge of the fan mounting bracket (3), and the side of the fan mounting bracket (3) is provided with a slot corresponding to the buckle position.

6. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fan circuit board (311) is an integrally formed irregular printed circuit board with an overall ring structure with an eccentric extension arm.

7. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cavity of the fan mounting bracket (3) for mounting the fan (31) is volute-shaped. The fan mounting bracket (3) is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the cavity. The bottom of the lower housing (2) is provided with a lower housing air vent (21) that communicates with the cavity.

8. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that: One end of the housing is provided with a through-flow duct structure (14). The airflow in the fan mounting bracket (3) can flow through the through-flow duct structure (14) through the inside of the housing and then flow into the upper surface of the upper housing (1). The fan (31) is a centrifugal fan.

9. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The wireless charging coil (11) is a three-coil array structure. The three coils are staggered along the charging plane to form a continuous charging area without dead zones. A platform-shaped coil mounting bracket (12) is provided between the wireless charging coil (11) and the PCB board (13).

10. A wireless charging device for a rear fan with direct power connection according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The upper shell (1) is provided with an upper shell air vent (101) on its side.

Images