An intelligent power supply system and method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of intelligent power supply system and method, wherein the system comprises: ATS: two-way independent power supply is respectively connected to two first input terminals through first switch and second switch, and outputs a power supply through output terminal;UPS: second input terminal is connected to first output terminal through third switch, and power supply is output to load power supply bus through second output terminal through fourth switch;Power supply switch is arranged between load power supply bus and each load;PLC: the data obtained by the plurality of data input terminals is analyzed, the circuit state of the collaborative circuit formed by ATS and UPS is determined, and based on the circuit state, the on or off instruction is sent to the corresponding switch to control the power supply or power-off of the load connected to the load power supply bus by the collaborative circuit.The application embodiment improves the continuity of power supply and reduces manual intervention through the above system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of uninterruptible power supply technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent power supply system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for power supply reliability and continuity in data centers, medical facilities, financial transaction systems, and industrial automation control, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems have become a core infrastructure for ensuring the stable operation of critical loads. Among them, double-conversion online UPS systems are widely used in high-reliability power supply scenarios because they can achieve zero switching time between mains power and battery mode and effectively isolate grid harmonics and voltage fluctuations.

[0003] However, in actual operation, the aforementioned power supply system still has certain limitations. On the one hand, when the input mains power is abnormal or interrupted, the UPS needs to switch to battery mode to power the load. However, the battery's energy storage is limited and cannot support the continuous operation of critical loads for a long time. If the mains power is not restored before the battery is depleted, the load will lose power. On the other hand, the load output control of the UPS system usually relies on manual operation. During equipment maintenance or fault handling, maintenance personnel need to manually open and close the circuit breaker, which involves many steps, is time-consuming, and carries the risk of misoperation.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a power supply system and its control method that can improve power supply continuity and reduce human intervention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an intelligent power supply system and method to improve power supply continuity and reduce human intervention.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an intelligent power supply system, the system comprising: The dual power transfer switch (ATS) includes two first input terminals, one first output terminal, and one first data terminal. Two independent mains power supplies are connected to the two first input terminals through the first switch and the second switch, respectively. The first output terminal outputs one power supply. The double-conversion online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) includes a second input terminal, a second output terminal, and a second data terminal. The second input terminal is connected to the first output terminal via a third switch, and the second output terminal is connected to the load power supply bus via a fourth switch. The load power supply bus is used to supply power to each load, and a power supply switch is provided between each load and the load power supply bus. The programmable logic controller (PLC) includes multiple data input terminals and multiple switch control terminals. It analyzes the data acquired from the data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit formed by the ATS and the UPS. Based on the circuit state, it sends on or off commands to the corresponding switches through the multiple switch control terminals to control the collaborative circuit to supply or de-energize the loads connected to the load power supply bus. The multiple data input terminals are respectively connected to the first data terminal and the second data terminal, and the multiple switch control terminals are respectively connected to multiple switches to control the multiple switches and acquire corresponding parameters. The multiple switches include at least: the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and a power supply switch corresponding to each load.

[0007] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: An electrical meter is installed in the connecting line between the third switch and the second input terminal to collect electrical parameters on the connecting line and output the electrical parameters through the third data terminal. One of the data input terminals of the PLC is connected to the third data terminal to collect the power parameters output by the third data terminal. The PLC is used to comprehensively analyze the data from the first data terminal, the second data terminal, and the third data terminal to determine the current circuit state and control the on / off state of the multiple switches according to the current circuit state.

[0008] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: The fifth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the target port of the third switch; the target port is the port connected to the second input terminal. When the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates that the ATS is faulty, it controls the third switch to open and the fifth switch to close via the switch control terminal, so as to directly connect one of the mains power supplies to the second input terminal of the UPS to power the UPS. Furthermore, when the circuit status indicates that the ATS is normal, the fifth switch is opened and the third switch is closed via the switch control terminal to restore power to the UPS via the ATS.

[0009] In one feasible implementation, the second input terminal of the UPS is connected to the main circuit and the bypass circuit respectively, and is used to input one power supply output from the first output terminal to the main circuit and the bypass circuit. The neutral wire terminal of the main circuit and the bypass circuit are shared. The main router consists of a rectifier, inverter, charger, and battery; The rectifier is used to process the power input at the second input terminal; The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the inverter, and the inverter is connected to the second output terminal, forming a first power supply circuit for further processing of the power supply after the rectifier is processed and then sending it to the second output terminal. The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the charger, and the charger is connected to the battery, forming a charging circuit for charging the battery with the power processed by the rectifier. The output terminal of the charger is connected to the inverter to form a second power supply circuit. When the power output of the rectifier does not meet the preset requirements, the charger switches to the second power supply circuit to transmit the power of the battery to the inverter. When the power output of the rectifier meets the preset requirements, the charger switches back to the first power supply circuit. The bypass circuit is composed of a bypass element, which is connected to the second output terminal. In the event of a main circuit failure, the mains power supply is directly transmitted to the second output terminal through the bypass element.

[0010] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is used for: When the UPS switches to the second power supply circuit, the circuit state is determined to be battery powered when the data input terminal connected to the second data terminal receives the information. Obtain the current maximum output power value of the battery sent by the UPS through the second data terminal; If the maximum output power value reaches the total power required by all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with higher priority is closed. When the UPS receives a message indicating that the remaining battery capacity has dropped to a preset discharge termination threshold, it is determined that the cooperative circuit has an output fault.

[0011] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: The sixth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the load power supply bus. When the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates that the cooperative circuit has an output fault, it controls the third switch and the fourth switch to open and the sixth switch to close through the switch control terminal, so as to directly connect one of the mains power supplies to the load power supply bus and supply power to the load power supply bus. Furthermore, when the circuit state indicates that the output of the cooperative circuit is normal, the sixth switch is opened and the third and fourth switches are closed via the switch control terminal, so as to restore power to the load power supply bus via the cooperative circuit.

[0012] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is used for: Control the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch to close; Analyze the data acquired from each of the aforementioned data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit; If the circuit is in normal condition, then control the fourth switch to close; Based on the power output from the second output terminal, the corresponding power supply switch is controlled to close to supply power to the load.

[0013] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is used to control the corresponding power supply switch to close based on the power output from the second output terminal, for the following purposes: If the power output from the second output terminal reaches the total power requirement of all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with the higher priority is closed.

[0014] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is connected to at least one audible and visual alarm module, which is used to control the at least one audible and visual alarm module to sound an alarm when the circuit state is determined to enter a preset fault state.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a smart power supply method, the method being applied to any of the smart power supply systems described in the first aspect, the method comprising: Data is acquired through multiple data input terminals of a programmable logic controller (PLC). The acquired data is analyzed to determine the circuit status of the collaborative circuit consisting of the dual-power transfer switch (ATS) and the dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Based on the circuit state, multiple switch control terminals send on or off commands to the corresponding switches to control the cooperative circuit to supply or disconnect power to the load connected to the load power supply bus.

[0016] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: An electrical meter is installed in the connecting line between the third switch and the second input terminal to collect electrical parameters on the connecting line and output the electrical parameters through the third data terminal; one of the data input terminals of the PLC is connected to the third data terminal. Data is acquired through multiple data input terminals of the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), including: Collect the power parameters output by the third data terminal; The acquired data was analyzed to determine the circuit status of the collaborative circuit consisting of the dual-power transfer switch (ATS) and the dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS), including: The current circuit state is determined by comprehensively analyzing the data from the first data terminal, the second data terminal, and the third data terminal.

[0017] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: The fifth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the target port of the third switch; the target port is the port connected to the second input terminal. The method includes: When the circuit status indicates an ATS fault, the third switch is opened and the fifth switch is closed via the switch control terminal, so that one of the mains power supplies is directly connected to the second input terminal of the UPS to supply power to the UPS; Furthermore, when the circuit status indicates that the ATS is normal, the fifth switch is opened and the third switch is closed via the switch control terminal to restore power to the UPS via the ATS.

[0018] In one feasible implementation, the second input terminal of the UPS is connected to the main circuit and the bypass circuit respectively, and is used to input one power supply output from the first output terminal to the main circuit and the bypass circuit. The neutral wire terminal of the main circuit and the bypass circuit are shared. The main router consists of a rectifier, inverter, charger, and battery; The power input from the second input terminal is processed by the rectifier. The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the inverter, and the inverter is connected to the second output terminal, forming a first power supply circuit; through the first power supply circuit, the power processed by the rectifier is processed again and sent to the second output terminal; The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the charger, and the charger is connected to the battery, forming a charging circuit for charging the battery with the power processed by the rectifier. The output terminal of the charger is connected to the inverter to form a second power supply circuit. When the power output of the rectifier does not meet the preset requirements, the UPS switches to the second power supply circuit to transmit the power of the battery to the inverter, and switches back to the first power supply circuit when the power output of the rectifier meets the preset requirements. The bypass circuit is composed of a bypass element, which is connected to the second output terminal; in the event of a main circuit failure, the mains power supply is directly transmitted to the second output terminal through the bypass element.

[0019] In one feasible implementation, the method further includes: When the UPS switches to the second power supply circuit, the circuit state is determined to be battery powered when the data input terminal connected to the second data terminal receives the information. Obtain the current maximum output power value of the battery sent by the UPS through the second data terminal; If the maximum output power value reaches the total power required by all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with higher priority is closed. When the UPS receives a message indicating that the remaining battery capacity has dropped to a preset discharge termination threshold, it is determined that the cooperative circuit has an output fault.

[0020] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: The sixth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the load power supply bus. The method further includes: when the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates that the cooperative circuit has an output fault, it controls the third switch and the fourth switch to open and controls the sixth switch to close through the switch control terminal, so as to directly connect one of the mains power supplies to the load power supply bus to supply power to the load power supply bus; Furthermore, when the circuit state indicates that the output of the cooperative circuit is normal, the sixth switch is opened and the third and fourth switches are closed via the switch control terminal, so as to restore power to the load power supply bus via the cooperative circuit.

[0021] In one feasible implementation, the method further includes: The PLC executes: Control the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch to close; Analyze the data acquired from each of the aforementioned data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit; If the circuit is in normal condition, then control the fourth switch to close; Based on the power output from the second output terminal, the corresponding power supply switch is controlled to close to supply power to the load.

[0022] In one feasible implementation, controlling the corresponding power supply switch to close based on the power output from the second output terminal includes: If the power output from the second output terminal reaches the total power requirement of all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with the higher priority is closed.

[0023] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is connected to at least one audible and visual alarm module; The method further includes: When the PLC determines that the circuit has entered a preset fault state, it controls at least one audible and visual alarm module to sound an alarm.

[0024] This application provides an intelligent power supply system and method, including a dual-power transfer switch (ATS), a dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS), and a programmable logic controller (PLC). The ATS has two first input terminals connected to two independent AC power sources via a first switch and a second switch, respectively, and its first output terminal outputs one power source. The UPS has a second input terminal connected to the first output terminal of the ATS via a third switch, and its second output terminal connected to a load power supply bus via a fourth switch. Each load is connected to the load power supply bus via a corresponding power supply switch. The PLC's data input terminals are connected to the first data terminal of the ATS and the second data terminal of the UPS, respectively, and the PLC's multiple switch control terminals are connected to each of the aforementioned switches.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the ATS can output one of the two mains power sources to the UPS, realizing redundant backup of the input power supply; the PLC obtains the circuit status data of the ATS and the UPS in real time, and sends on or off commands to each of the switches according to the circuit status, so as to control the power supply or disconnection of the load by the cooperative circuit.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies that rely on manual operation of circuit breakers and UPS configurations with only a single mains power input, the embodiments of this application can effectively reduce the risk of load power outages caused by mains power interruptions and reduce the need for manual intervention during operation and maintenance, thereby improving the continuity and automation of the power supply system.

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another intelligent power supply system and method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] With the increasing demands for power supply reliability and continuity in data centers, medical facilities, financial transaction systems, and industrial automation control, uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems have become a core infrastructure for ensuring the stable operation of critical loads. Among them, double-conversion online UPS systems are widely used in high-reliability power supply scenarios because they can achieve zero switching time between mains power and battery mode and effectively isolate grid harmonics and voltage fluctuations.

[0038] However, in actual operation, the aforementioned power supply system still has certain limitations. On the one hand, when the input mains power is abnormal or interrupted, the UPS needs to switch to battery mode to power the load. However, the battery's energy storage is limited and cannot support the continuous operation of critical loads for a long time. If the mains power is not restored before the battery is depleted, the load will lose power. On the other hand, the load output control of the UPS system usually relies on manual operation. During equipment maintenance or fault handling, maintenance personnel need to manually open and close the circuit breaker, which involves many steps, is time-consuming, and carries the risk of misoperation.

[0039] Based on this, the present application provides an intelligent power supply system and method, which will be described below through embodiments.

[0040] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, a detailed description of an intelligent power supply system disclosed in this application embodiment will be provided first. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: The Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) includes two first input terminals (first input terminal 101 and first input terminal 102), one first output terminal 103, and one first data terminal 104. Two independent mains power supplies (power supply 105 and power supply 106) are connected to the two first input terminals (first input terminal 101 and first input terminal 102) through the first switch 107 and the second switch 108, respectively. The first output terminal 103 outputs one power supply.

[0041] The double-conversion online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) includes a second input terminal 109, a second output terminal 110, and a second data terminal 111. The second input terminal 109 is connected to the first output terminal 103 via a third switch 112, and the second output terminal 110 is connected to the load power supply bus 114 via a fourth switch 113. The load power supply bus 114 is used to supply power to each load, and a power supply switch is provided between each load and the load power supply bus.

[0042] Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) The controller includes multiple data input terminals (ports 115 and 116) and multiple switch control terminals (ports 117, 118, and 119). It is used to analyze the data obtained from the multiple data input terminals, determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit formed by the ATS and the UPS, and send on or off commands to the corresponding switches through the multiple switch control terminals based on the circuit state, so as to control the collaborative circuit to supply power or disconnect power to the load connected to the load power supply bus. The multiple data input terminals (ports 115 and 116) are respectively connected to the first data terminal 104 and the second data terminal 111. The multiple switch control terminals (ports 117, 118, 119, and 120) are respectively connected to multiple switches, and are used to control multiple switches and obtain corresponding parameters. The multiple switches include at least: the first switch 107, the second switch 108, the third switch 112, the fourth switch 113, and the power supply switches (power supply switches 121-128) corresponding to each load (131-138).

[0043] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, the ATS and UPS are two core devices, which are connected by a circuit to form a power supply loop that works collaboratively. The ATS, or dual power transfer switch, selects and switches between two input power sources, outputting one power source to supply the downstream equipment. In this application embodiment, the ATS has two first input terminals, denoted as first input terminal 101 and first input terminal 102, each connected to an independent AC mains power source, denoted as power source 105 and power source 106, respectively. In actual deployment, these two AC mains power sources can come from different substations, different transformers, or different buses of the same substation, as long as they are physically isolated and electrically independent. On the line between each AC mains power source and the ATS input terminal, a first switch 107 and a second switch 108 (connected to port 117 of the PLC) are respectively provided. These two switches are controlled by the PLC and are used to cut off or restore the corresponding AC mains power supply to the ATS when needed. The ATS also has a first output terminal 103, which outputs the selected power source from the ATS to the downstream UPS equipment. In addition, the ATS is also equipped with a first data terminal 104, which is used to interact with external control devices, such as sending the current working status of the ATS, switching information or fault information to the outside.

[0044] UPS, or double-conversion online uninterruptible power supply, has its second input terminal 109 connected to the first output terminal 103 of the aforementioned ATS via a third switch 112 to receive power output from the ATS.

[0045] The UPS internally includes a rectifier and an inverter. The AC power at the second input terminal 109 is converted to DC power by the rectifier, and then converted back to AC power by the inverter before being output through the second output terminal 110. This double-conversion architecture completely isolates the UPS output power from the input power, effectively suppressing harmonics, voltage fluctuations, and transient interference in the power grid. The second output terminal 110 of the UPS is connected to the load power supply bus 114 via the fourth switch 113. The load power supply bus 114 is a common power distribution line connected to multiple loads (loads 131-138), each load connected to the bus through its corresponding power supply switch (121-128). The loads can be servers, storage devices, and network switches in data centers; monitors and imaging equipment in medical facilities; or control cabinets and drive devices on industrial automation production lines. The specific type is determined according to the application scenario, and this embodiment does not limit this. The UPS is also equipped with a second data terminal 111, which is used to send UPS operating status information to external control devices, such as whether it is currently in mains power mode or battery mode, input and output voltage and current values, and remaining battery capacity.

[0046] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is also provided. The PLC has multiple data input terminals, including at least port 115 and port 116. Port 115 is connected to the first data terminal 104 of the ATS (Automatic Transmission System) to receive status data sent by the ATS; port 116 is connected to the second data terminal 111 of the UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) to receive status data sent by the UPS. The PLC obtains the operating status information of the ATS and UPS in real time through these two data input terminals, and analyzes and processes the obtained data to determine the current circuit state of the entire coordinated circuit composed of the ATS and UPS. The PLC also has multiple switch control terminals. As one implementation, a switch control terminal (e.g., port 117) can be set to be simultaneously connected to the control terminal of the first switch 107 and the control terminal of the second switch 108. In this way, when the PLC issues a control command through this port, the first switch 107 and the second switch 108 will act synchronously. For example, when it is necessary to cut off two mains power inputs, both switches can be disconnected simultaneously through one command. In another implementation, each switch can be configured with an independent control terminal. For example, the first switch 107 and the second switch 108 each correspond to a control terminal (not shown in the figure). In this way, the PLC can independently control the two switches, for example, disconnecting one circuit while keeping the other closed during maintenance or under specific operating conditions. Both methods can achieve the control functions described in the embodiments of this application. The specific method adopted can be flexibly selected according to the actual application scenario, and this application does not limit this. Port 118 is connected to the control terminal of the third switch 112 to control the conduction or disconnection of the third switch; port 119 is connected to the control terminal of the fourth switch 113 to control the conduction or disconnection of the fourth switch; port 120 is connected to the control terminal of the power supply switch corresponding to each load to control the conduction or disconnection of each load power supply switch respectively. Through the above multiple switch control terminals, the PLC can perform independent or coordinated control operations on each switch in the power supply circuit. According to the determined circuit state, the PLC sends conduction or disconnection control commands to the corresponding switches through the above switch control terminals to control the on / off state of each switch, thereby realizing the operation of powering or disconnecting each load connected to the load power supply bus. While sending control commands, the PLC can also obtain the current status parameters of each switch (such as whether the switch has been successfully turned on or off) through the switch control terminal or through an independent signal acquisition terminal, so as to perform closed-loop control or status confirmation.

[0047] In a feasible implementation plan, such as Figure 2 As shown, the system also includes: The power meter 201 is installed in the connecting line between the third switch 112 and the second input terminal 109, and is used to collect the power parameters on the connecting line and output the power parameters through the third data terminal 202.

[0048] One of the data input terminals 203 of the PLC is connected to the third data terminal 202 to collect the power parameters output by the third data terminal 202. The PLC is used to comprehensively analyze the data from the first data terminal 104, the second data terminal 111 and the third data terminal 202 to determine the current circuit state, and control the on / off state of the multiple switches according to the current circuit state.

[0049] As can be seen, the power meter 201 is installed on the connecting line between the third switch 112 and the second input terminal 109 of the UPS. This connecting line is the section of the line from the first output terminal 103 of the ATS through the third switch 112 to the second input terminal 109 of the UPS. The power meter 201 is connected in series or in parallel on this line (the specific wiring method depends on the type of power meter; for example, current measurement requires series connection, voltage measurement requires parallel connection, and multi-functional integrated power meters require both series and parallel connection). The power meter 201 is used to collect power parameters on this connecting line, including but not limited to one or more of the following: voltage value, current value, power factor, active power, reactive power, frequency, and harmonic content. The collected power parameters are output through the third data terminal 202 of the power meter 201.

[0050] The PLC is equipped with a data input terminal 203, which is connected to the third data terminal 202 of the power meter 201 to collect the aforementioned power parameters output by the power meter 201. Thus, the PLC can obtain the ATS's operating status and switching information through its connection to the ATS's first data terminal 104, the UPS's operating mode and internal status information through its connection to the UPS's second data terminal 111, and the actual power parameters on the line between the third switch 112 and the UPS input terminal through its connection to the power meter 201's third data terminal 202. By comprehensively analyzing the data obtained from these three data terminals, the PLC can more comprehensively and accurately determine the current circuit state of the entire coordinated circuit. For example, when the ATS status is switched to backup mains power, the UPS status is in mains power mode, and the power meter 201 displays normal voltage and current, the PLC determines that the system is currently in normal operation. When the ATS status is normal but the power meter 201 displays abnormally low voltage, the PLC can determine that there may be excessive voltage drop or poor contact in the circuit. When the ATS status is switching and the UPS status has switched to battery mode, the PLC can determine that the mains power has been interrupted and the system is in battery power mode. Based on the circuit status determined by the above comprehensive analysis, the PLC controls the corresponding switches among the aforementioned multiple switches to perform the on or off action.

[0051] In a feasible implementation plan, such as Figure 3As shown, the system also includes: The fifth switch 301 is connected at one end to one of the mains power sources 105 and at the other end to the target port of the third switch 112; the target port is the port of the third switch 112 that is connected to the second input terminal 109.

[0052] When the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates an ATS fault, it controls the third switch 112 to open and the fifth switch 301 to close via the switch control terminal (port 302 is connected to the fifth switch 301) so that one of the mains power supplies can be directly connected to the second input terminal of the UPS to supply power to the UPS.

[0053] Furthermore, when the circuit status indicates that the ATS is normal, the fifth switch 301 is opened and the third switch 112 is closed via the switch control terminal, so as to restore power to the UPS via the ATS.

[0054] That is, in this embodiment of the application, a bypass channel is also provided on the line between the ATS and the UPS, which is used to bypass the ATS and directly supply power to the UPS when the ATS fails. One end of the fifth switch 301 is connected to one of the two mains power supplies (e.g., the first mains power supply 105), and the other end is connected to the target port of the third switch 112. The target port refers to the port of the third switch 112 connected to the second input terminal 109 of the UPS (i.e., the node between the third switch 112 and the second input terminal 109).

[0055] During normal operation, the mains power supply 105, after passing through the first switch 107 and the internal switching process of the ATS, is output from the first output terminal 103 of the ATS, and then sent to the second input terminal 109 of the UPS via the third switch 112. When the PLC analyzes the data obtained from the first data terminal 104 and determines that the current circuit status indicates a fault in the ATS (such as jamming of the internal mechanical mechanism of the ATS, abnormal switching logic, power failure of the control board, etc., causing it to be unable to output power normally), the PLC sends control commands to the third switch 112 and the fifth switch 301 through its switch control terminal. Specifically, port 302 is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switch 301. The PLC controls the fifth switch 301 to close and the third switch 112 to open via this port. This linkage is necessary because one end of the fifth switch 301 is connected to the mains power supply 105, and the other end is connected to the node between the third switch 112 and the second input terminal 109 of the UPS. If the third switch 112 is not closed, the mains power supply 105 will simultaneously supply power to the UPS input terminal via both the ATS output terminal 103 and the fifth switch 301, causing the two power supplies to be connected in parallel at the UPS input terminal, which may lead to power conflicts or circulating current problems. By opening the third switch 112 first and then closing the fifth switch 301, it is ensured that the ATS output terminal and the bypass channel are electrically isolated, preventing the two power supplies from being connected in parallel at the UPS input terminal.

[0056] Before performing the above switching operation, the PLC can first obtain the current operating status of the ATS through the first data terminal 104 to confirm that the ATS is indeed in a fault state rather than a normal switching or temporary overload. After confirming the ATS fault, the PLC then performs the switching action. After the fifth switch 301 is closed, the mains power supply 105 is directly supplied to the second input terminal 109 of the UPS through the fifth switch 301. At this time, the ATS is bypassed, and the UPS input power no longer passes through the ATS. Since the UPS itself is a double-conversion online architecture, the power received at its input terminal will still be output to the load after double conversion by the rectifier and inverter. Therefore, the change in the input power path will not affect the continuity of power supply at the UPS output terminal. After the ATS fault is cleared, the PLC re-controls the third switch 112 to close and the fifth switch 301 to open, restoring the circuit to the normal power supply path via the ATS.

[0057] In another scenario, one end of the fifth switch 301 can also be connected to the second power supply 106 of the two mains power supplies. The specific power source chosen for the bypass channel can be determined based on the actual wiring conditions on site. For example, a power supply different from the current operating power supply of the ATS can be selected to further improve power supply flexibility; this application does not impose any restrictions on this. Furthermore, in some applications, an electrical interlock can be installed between the fifth switch 301 and the third switch 112 to prevent the two power supplies from being connected in parallel at the UPS input due to simultaneous closure of both switches, thereby preventing potential circulating current or short-circuit risks.

[0058] In a feasible implementation plan, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second input terminal 109 of the UPS is connected to the main circuit and the bypass circuit respectively, and is used to input one power supply output from the first output terminal 103 to the main circuit and the bypass circuit. The neutral wire terminal of the main circuit and the bypass circuit are shared.

[0059] The main circuit consists of a rectifier 401, an inverter 402, a charger 403, and a battery.

[0060] The rectifier 401 is used to process the power input at the second input terminal 109; the output terminal of the rectifier 401 is connected to the inverter 402, and the inverter 402 is connected to the second output terminal 110 through a switch to form a first power supply circuit, which is used to process the power processed by the rectifier 401 again and send it to the second output terminal 110.

[0061] The output terminal of the rectifier 401 is connected to the charger 403, and the charger 403 is connected to the battery, forming a charging circuit for charging the battery with the power processed by the rectifier 401.

[0062] The output terminal of the charger 403 is connected to the inverter 402 to form a second power supply circuit. When the power output of the rectifier 401 does not meet the preset requirements, the charger switches to the second power supply circuit to transmit the power of the battery to the inverter 402. When the power output of the rectifier 401 meets the preset requirements, the charger switches back to the first power supply circuit.

[0063] The bypass circuit is composed of a bypass element 410, which is connected to the second output terminal 110 via a switch. In the event of a main circuit failure, the mains power supply is directly transmitted to the second output terminal 110 through the bypass element 410.

[0064] In this embodiment, the second input terminal 109 of the UPS is connected to both the main circuit and the bypass circuit. A power supply from the first output terminal 103 of the ATS is fed into the second input terminal 109 of the UPS via the third switch 112, simultaneously supplying power to both the main circuit and the bypass circuit. In other words, the main circuit and the bypass circuit share the same input power supply, and their neutral terminals are connected to the same neutral busbar. This wiring method simplifies the power distribution circuit and avoids circulating current problems that may arise due to inconsistent neutral potentials between the two power supplies.

[0065] The main circuit consists primarily of a rectifier 401, an inverter 402, a charger 403, and a battery. The rectifier 401 converts the AC power input at the second input terminal 109 into DC power. The output of the rectifier 401 is connected to the inverter 402, which further converts the rectified DC power back into AC power and connects it to the second output terminal 110 via a switch. The rectifier 401 and inverter 402 form the first power supply circuit. In this circuit, the input power is sequentially rectified and inverted before being delivered to the second output terminal 110 for the load. Because the inverter 402 operates continuously, the load always receives a stable and clean AC power supply, unaffected by input voltage fluctuations or harmonic interference.

[0066] The output of rectifier 401 is also connected to charger 403, which is connected to battery 404. Rectifier 401, charger 403, and battery form a charging circuit, used to charge the battery with the DC power processed by rectifier 401 when the input power is normal, thus maintaining the battery's charge reserve. Charger 403 can regulate and control the charging current and charging voltage to adapt to the charging needs of different types of batteries.

[0067] The output of charger 403 is also connected to inverter 402, forming a second power supply circuit. When the power output of rectifier 401 does not meet the preset requirements, such as when the mains power is interrupted, the voltage is too low, or the frequency exceeds the allowable range, the system switches to the second power supply circuit. The battery supplies power to inverter 402 via charger 403, and the power is then converted by inverter 402 and supplied to the load via second output terminal 110. When the power output of rectifier 401 returns to normal, the system switches back to the first power supply circuit, and the rectifier 401 supplies power to the load via inverter 402. Since inverter 402 remains operational in both circuits, this switching does not cause any interruption to the power output of second output terminal 110.

[0068] The bypass circuit consists of bypass element 410, which is connected to the second output terminal 110 via a switch. When a main circuit failure occurs, such as an inverter 402 malfunction or main circuit maintenance, the system can close this switch to directly transmit the input power to the second output terminal 110 via bypass element 410. In this case, the UPS output effectively skips the rectification and inversion stages, and the input power directly supplies the load. This bypass mode is typically activated when the UPS main circuit fails or when equipment maintenance is required to maintain the continuity of power supply to the load.

[0069] For example, in actual operation, when a double-conversion online UPS system is working normally, the two first input terminals of the ATS are connected to two independent mains power supplies. When either power supply is suddenly interrupted, the ATS will detect the power failure and automatically perform a power switch, that is, switch from the currently supplying power supply to another power supply that is still in operation. Due to the mechanical action time or semiconductor switch switching time inside the ATS, this switching process will generate a power interruption of approximately 200 milliseconds.

[0070] During this period, because the UPS's second input is connected to the ATS's first output, the UPS will detect an interruption or drop in its input power for approximately 200 milliseconds. The double-conversion online UPS has an internal input power monitoring circuit. When an abnormal input power condition is detected (e.g., voltage below a preset threshold or complete power loss), the UPS immediately controls its internal switching logic to switch from the first power supply circuit (mains power via rectifier and inverter) to the second power supply circuit (battery power via charger and inverter), thus entering battery power mode.

[0071] Because the inverter of a double-conversion online UPS operates continuously in both power supply modes, and the DC bus capacitor can provide enough energy to maintain the normal operation of the inverter during the switching process, the power output from the second output terminal of the UPS will not be interrupted during this process, and the power supply to the load side will always remain continuous.

[0072] It should be noted that the aforementioned switching time of approximately 200 milliseconds is only the typical operating time of the ATS mechanical dual-power transfer switch. The actual duration depends on the specific model and type of ATS. For example, when using a fast-switching ATS, this time may be reduced to less than 100 milliseconds, while it may be slightly longer when using a disconnect-then-make ATS. However, regardless of the specific ATS switching time, due to the continuous operation of its inverter architecture, the dual-conversion online UPS can maintain output continuity in battery power mode during this switching period.

[0073] After the ATS completes the switchover, its first output resumes power supply to the UPS's second input. Once the UPS detects that the input power has returned to normal, it controls its internal logic to switch back from the second power supply circuit (battery power mode) to the first power supply circuit (AC power mode). This switchback process also does not interrupt the UPS output. Through the above switching and switchback processes, the system achieves uninterrupted power supply when one of the two AC power sources is interrupted, while the battery only discharges briefly during the ATS switchover and resumes charging after the switchover is complete.

[0074] Furthermore, during the aforementioned ATS switching process, if the UPS battery has insufficient remaining capacity or is not connected, the DC bus capacitor can only maintain power supply for a very short time (typically milliseconds), which may not be sufficient to support the entire ATS switching process. Therefore, in actual deployment, it is necessary to ensure that the battery is properly connected and has a certain amount of charge to guarantee power continuity during ATS switching. In some scenarios with more stringent switching time requirements, ATSs with shorter switching times (such as solid-state transfer switches) can be selected to further reduce the duration of power interruption.

[0075] In another embodiment, a maintenance bypass disconnect switch can also be connected to the mains power input side of the bypass element 410 (i.e., the line between the bypass element 410 and the second input terminal 109, or the input side of the bypass element 410). This maintenance bypass disconnect switch is located before the bypass element 410 and is used to directly introduce mains power to the second output terminal 110 to power the load when the bypass element 410 itself needs to be repaired or replaced.

[0076] In actual operation, when the bypass component 410 (such as a static bypass switch or thyristor module) malfunctions or requires maintenance, the original bypass channel can no longer be used because the bypass component 410 cannot function properly. At this time, the operator can manually close the maintenance bypass isolating switch, directly leading the input power through this isolating switch to the line node inside the UPS connected to the second output terminal 110. This bypasses the bypass component 410, directly supplying mains power to the second output terminal 110 to power the load. Simultaneously, the bypass component 410 is isolated from the circuit for maintenance or replacement.

[0077] The maintenance bypass isolating switch is in the open state during normal operation, and current flows normally through the bypass element 410. It is only manually closed by the operator when the bypass element 410 fails or requires maintenance, providing a power supply path independent of the bypass element 410.

[0078] In one specific wiring configuration, one end of the maintenance bypass disconnect switch is connected to the incoming side of the second input terminal 109 (i.e., the line node between the third switch 112 and the second input terminal 109), and the other end is connected to the output line node of the second output terminal 110. When the switch is closed, the mains power supply bypasses the UPS main circuit (rectifier 401, inverter 402) and the bypass element 410, and is directly supplied to the second output terminal 110. This wiring configuration is particularly suitable for scenarios where it is desirable to maintain power supply to the load even if the bypass element 410 fails.

[0079] The maintenance bypass disconnect switch can also form an electrical or programmable interlock with the control switches of the third switch 112, the fourth switch 113, and the bypass element 410. For example, the control logic can specify that when the maintenance bypass disconnect switch is closed, the control switches of the fourth switch 113 and the bypass element 410 must be in the open state to prevent power path conflicts.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the connection location of the maintenance bypass disconnect switch can be flexibly selected according to the actual needs of the site and the power distribution structure. It can be on the input side of the bypass element 410, on the output side of the bypass element 410, or even connected in parallel across both ends of the bypass element 410, as long as it can achieve the function of bypassing the bypass element 410 to introduce the mains power into the second output terminal 110. The above variations are all reasonable extensions of the embodiments of this application.

[0081] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is also used for: When the UPS receives information about switching to the second power supply circuit from the data input terminal connected to the second data terminal, the circuit state is determined to be battery powered. The maximum output power value of the battery sent by the UPS through the second data terminal is obtained. If the maximum output power value reaches the total power required by all loads, the power supply switches of each load are controlled to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priority for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with higher priority is controlled to close. When the remaining battery capacity is received from the UPS and drops to a preset discharge termination threshold, an output fault is determined in the cooperative circuit.

[0082] In this embodiment, the PLC also has a load management function for battery-powered operation. When the PLC receives information from the UPS indicating a switch to the second power supply circuit via the data input terminal connected to the second data terminal 111, this information indicates that the current mains power supply is abnormal or does not meet preset requirements, and the UPS has switched to a mode where the battery supplies power to the inverter 402 via the charger 403, i.e., battery-powered operation. At this time, the PLC determines that the current circuit state is battery-powered and begins to execute the corresponding load management strategy.

[0083] In battery-powered mode, the PLC requests the battery's current maximum output power value from the UPS via the second data terminal 111. This maximum output power value is the upper limit of power that the battery can stably output in the current state, and it changes dynamically with factors such as the depletion of the battery's remaining capacity, temperature changes, and the degree of battery aging. After obtaining this power value, the PLC compares it with the total power required by all current loads.

[0084] If the battery's current maximum output power reaches or exceeds the total power required by all loads, it indicates that the battery is capable of supporting the normal operation of all loads. At this time, the PLC controls all power supply switches corresponding to each load to close, supplying power to all loads.

[0085] Conversely, if the battery's current maximum output power is less than the total power required by all loads, it indicates that the battery cannot support all loads, and a choice must be made based on the importance of each load. In this case, the PLC, based on the preset priorities for each load, controls the power supply switches of the corresponding loads to close sequentially in descending order of priority, until the total power demand of the closed loads does not exceed the battery's current maximum output power. The load priorities can be flexibly set according to the actual application scenario. For example, in medical settings, life support equipment has a higher priority than lighting and air conditioning; in data centers, core servers and storage devices have a higher priority than non-critical management terminals. This application does not restrict the specific priority settings.

[0086] During battery power supply, the PLC continuously monitors the remaining battery capacity. When the PLC receives information from the UPS via the second data terminal 111 that the remaining battery capacity has dropped to a preset discharge termination threshold, it determines that there is an output fault in the current collaborative circuit. The aforementioned discharge termination threshold can be set according to the battery type and actual application scenario. For example, it can be set to 20% for lead-acid batteries and 10% or 15% for lithium batteries; the specific value is not limited in this application. After determining the output fault, the PLC can perform corresponding fault handling operations, such as issuing an alarm signal and / or disconnecting the power supply switch of part or all of the load via the switch control terminal to protect the battery from permanent damage caused by deep discharge, while simultaneously alerting maintenance personnel to intervene in a timely manner.

[0087] Load priorities can be pre-configured and stored in the PLC's internal registers, or they can be dynamically modified via a host computer or human-machine interface. In one scenario, different loads can be assigned different priority levels; for example, level 1 loads (critical equipment) have the highest priority, level 2 loads (important equipment) have the next highest priority, and level 3 loads (ordinary equipment) have the lowest priority. When battery power is insufficient, the PLC prioritizes powering level 1 loads, and if necessary, gradually disconnects level 3 and level 2 loads. In another scenario, load priorities can also be dynamically adjusted based on time or operating status; for example, during daytime office hours, lighting and air conditioning have relatively higher priorities; during nighttime off-peak hours, only core IT equipment is powered. The above-mentioned load priority setting methods and management strategies are reasonable extensions of the embodiments of this application.

[0088] Furthermore, multiple thresholds can be set according to actual needs. For example, a warning threshold (e.g., 30%) and a termination threshold (e.g., 15%) can be set. When the remaining capacity drops to the warning threshold, a prompt message is issued, and when it drops to the termination threshold, a power outage protection operation is performed. By setting multiple thresholds, more response time can be provided for maintenance personnel.

[0089] In a feasible implementation plan, such as Figure 5 As shown, the system also includes: The sixth switch 501 is connected at one end to one of the mains power supplies 105 and at the other end to the load power supply bus 114. When the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates an output fault in the cooperative circuit, it controls the third switch 112 and the fourth switch 113 to open (and if there is a fifth switch 301, also open it) and the sixth switch 501 to close, thereby shutting off one of the mains power supplies (e.g., ...). Figure 5 The power supply 105 is directly connected to the load power supply bus 114 to supply power to the load power supply bus 114. Furthermore, when the circuit state indicates that the output of the cooperative circuit is normal, the sixth switch 501 is opened through port 502 of the switch control terminal, and the third switch 112 and the fourth switch 113 are closed (through ports 118 and 119) so as to restore power to the load power supply bus 114 through the cooperative circuit.

[0090] In this embodiment, another bypass channel is provided between the ATS and the load power supply bus 114 to directly supply mains power to the load power supply bus 114 to power the load when the overall cooperative circuit experiences an output failure. Figure 5As shown, the system is also equipped with a sixth switch 501. One end of the sixth switch 501 is connected to one of the two mains power supplies (e.g., the first mains power supply 105), and the other end is connected to the load power supply bus 114.

[0091] During normal operation, the mains power supply 105 is supplied to the load power supply bus 114 via the first switch 107, ATS, third switch 112, UPS, and fourth switch 113 to power each load. When the PLC determines that there is an output fault in the cooperative circuit after comprehensively analyzing the data obtained from the first data terminal 104, the second data terminal 111, and the third data terminal 202 of the power meter 201, such as the aforementioned situation where the remaining battery capacity has dropped to the discharge termination threshold, the UPS inverter failure causing no output at the second output terminal 110, the fourth switch 113 tripping, or the load power supply bus 114 losing power, the PLC controls the sixth switch 501 to close through its switch control terminal port 502, while simultaneously controlling the third switch 112 and the fourth switch 113 to open. At this time, the mains power supply 105 no longer passes through the ATS and UPS, but is directly connected to the load power supply bus 114 through the sixth switch 501 to power each load on the bus. By setting up an independent mains direct supply channel on the load power supply bus side, the load power supply can be quickly restored when the UPS output is abnormal.

[0092] When performing the above switching operation, such as Figure 6 As shown, if the system also has a fifth switch 301 (i.e., the ATS bypass channel), the PLC also needs to control the fifth switch 301 to be disconnected simultaneously to prevent the mains power supply 105 from entering the load side through both the fifth switch 301 and the sixth switch 501. By simultaneously disconnecting the third switch 112, the fourth switch 113, and the fifth switch 301, and closing the sixth switch 501, it can be ensured that the mains power supply 105 is only supplied to the load power supply bus 114 through the sixth switch 501, avoiding the risk of circulating current or short circuit that may be caused by multiple power supplies being connected in parallel.

[0093] Once the PLC determines that the output of the collaborative circuit has returned to normal (e.g., the ATS fault has been resolved, the UPS has been restored, the battery has been charged to a safe level, etc.), the PLC controls the sixth switch 501 to open through its switch control terminal, and at the same time controls the third switch 112 and the fourth switch 113 to close, so that the mains power supply 105 resumes the path of supplying power to the load through the ATS and UPS.

[0094] In another scenario, one end of the sixth switch 501 can also be connected to the second power supply 106 of the two mains power supplies. The specific power source chosen for the direct supply channel can be determined based on the actual wiring conditions on site. For example, a power supply different from the ATS's current operating power supply can be selected to further improve power supply flexibility. When the sixth switch 501 is connected to the second mains power supply 106, in the event of a fault in the collaborative circuit output, the PLC closes the sixth switch 501, directly connecting the second mains power supply 106 to the load power supply bus 114. After the collaborative circuit returns to normal, the PLC then disconnects the sixth switch 501 and restores the original power supply path.

[0095] In another scenario, an electrical or programmable interlock can be implemented between the sixth switch 501 and the fourth switch 113 to prevent the UPS output from being directly connected to the mains power supply when both switches are closed simultaneously. For example, an interlock condition can be added to the PLC's control logic: before issuing a command to close the sixth switch 501, the PLC must first confirm that the fourth switch 113 is open; and before issuing a command to close the fourth switch 113, the PLC must first confirm that the sixth switch 501 is open. This interlock mechanism further enhances the system's safety when switching between mains power and UPS power supply modes.

[0096] Furthermore, after the sixth switch 501 is closed, since the mains power supply is directly connected to the load power supply bus 114, the power supplied to the load at this time has not undergone the double conversion process of the UPS, and its power quality depends on the quality of the mains power itself. This mode is usually used as an emergency power supply method, temporarily activated when the collaborative circuit output fails, to ensure the continuous operation of critical loads. After determining that the collaborative circuit output has returned to normal, it should be switched back to UPS power supply mode as soon as possible.

[0097] In actual operation, the PLC connects to the control circuits of each switch through its switch control terminal. It can not only send on / off control commands to the switches, but also acquire the current position status of each switch—whether it is currently on or off—through the same port or a separate signal acquisition terminal. This function is typically achieved through the switch's auxiliary contacts. The opening and closing states of the auxiliary contacts are synchronized with the main contacts, and the PLC can determine the actual position of the switch by detecting the on / off state of the auxiliary contacts.

[0098] By acquiring the current position information of each switch, the PLC can be used in the following processes: During system startup, after sending a closing command, the PLC checks the position status of the corresponding switch to confirm whether the switch has been successfully turned on according to the command. If the switch position status is inconsistent with the command, for example, the PLC sends a closing command but detects that the switch is still in the open state, the PLC can determine that there is a fault in the switch or related control circuit and trigger the corresponding alarm or protection action.

[0099] During ATS switching, the PLC can determine the on / off status of the two mains power supplies by acquiring the position status of the first and second switches, and thus judge whether the power status on the ATS input side is consistent with expectations. For example, if the PLC sends a disconnect command to the first switch and detects that it is still in the on state, there may be a switch jamming fault.

[0100] During load management in battery-powered mode, the PLC can determine which loads are currently being powered and which have been disconnected by obtaining the position status of each load power supply switch. Based on this, it can calculate the current actual total load power and then determine whether it is necessary to further disconnect low-priority loads.

[0101] During equipment inspection or maintenance, the PLC can obtain the position status of relevant switches to provide operators with visual information about the current circuit topology, helping to confirm safe isolation points.

[0102] During fault handling, such as in scenarios where the AC power supply needs to be directly connected to the load power supply bus, after the PLC issues a command to close the sixth switch, it will check whether the sixth switch has been successfully turned on; after issuing a command to open the fourth switch, it will check whether the fourth switch has been actually opened. Only after confirming that the fourth switch has been opened can it be ensured that there is no parallel path between the UPS output and the AC power supply when the sixth switch is closed.

[0103] In one scenario, when a PLC detects that the position of a switch is not as expected, it can execute a preset fault handling strategy. For example, if the switch does not open after the PLC sends an open command, the PLC can determine that the switch is faulty and trigger an audible and visual alarm; if the switch does not close after the PLC sends a close command, the PLC can determine that the switch or the power supply line is abnormal and take corresponding protective measures.

[0104] In this way, the PLC can monitor the actual on / off state of each switch in the entire coordinated circuit in real time, forming a closed-loop perception of the circuit status. This allows it to verify the execution results after sending control commands, improving the reliability and safety of system control. This function plays a crucial role in scenarios where accurate execution of switching actions is required (such as switching between the fifth and third switches, or between the sixth and fourth switches).

[0105] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is also used for: The system controls the first, second, and third switches to close; analyzes the data acquired by each of the data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit; if the circuit state is normal, it controls the fourth switch to close; based on the power output from the second output terminal, it controls the corresponding power supply switch to close to supply power to the load.

[0106] In this embodiment, the PLC executes a power restoration process during the power-on initialization or system startup phase.

[0107] The PLC first controls the closure of the first switch 107, the second switch 108, and the third switch 112. The first and second switches 107 and 108 are located between the two mains power supplies and the two first input terminals (101 and 102) of the ATS, respectively. After closing, both mains power supplies are supplied to the ATS. The ATS selects one of the two mains power supplies according to a preset switching logic or an external control signal and outputs it through its first output terminal 103. The third switch 112 is located between the first output terminal 103 of the ATS and the second input terminal 109 of the UPS. After closing, it supplies the power output from the ATS to the UPS. By closing these three switches, the input sides (second input terminal 109) of the ATS and UPS are now powered.

[0108] Subsequently, the PLC acquires data through various data input terminals and analyzes it to determine the current circuit state of the collaborative circuit composed of the ATS and UPS. Specifically, the PLC acquires the ATS's operating status information through the first data terminal 104, such as which input power the ATS is currently switched to and whether there are any fault alarms; and acquires the UPS's operating status information through the second data terminal 111, such as whether the UPS is currently in AC power mode or battery mode, whether the output voltage is normal, and whether there are any fault alarms. Figure 7 As shown, when the circuit includes a power meter 201, power parameters on the line, such as voltage and current values, can also be obtained through the data input terminal 203 connected to the third data terminal 202 of the power meter 201. The PLC performs comprehensive analysis on the above data to determine whether the cooperative circuit is in normal working condition.

[0109] If the PLC determines that the circuit status of the collaborative circuit is normal, that is, the ATS is working normally, the UPS is working normally, and the line power parameters are all within the preset range, then the PLC controls the fourth switch 113 to close. The fourth switch 113 is located between the second output terminal 110 of the UPS and the load power supply bus 114. After closing, it sends the power output of the UPS to the load power supply bus 114.

[0110] The PLC further controls the closing of the power supply switches corresponding to each load based on the current output power of the UPS's second output terminal 110. Specifically, the PLC obtains the current output power value of the UPS's second output terminal 110 through the second data terminal 111 and compares it with the power requirements of all loads to be connected. If the current output power can meet the power requirements of all loads, all power supply switches are closed; if the current output power is insufficient to support all loads, the power supply switches corresponding to the loads with higher priority are closed first according to the preset load priority, and the remaining loads are not connected for the time being. Through the above step-by-step closing strategy, it is possible to avoid UPS overload or voltage drop caused by connecting too many loads at once.

[0111] At this point, the system has completed the entire process of establishing normal power supply to the load from mains power input.

[0112] It should be noted that in the above control sequence, the first switch 107, the second switch 108, and the third switch 112 can be closed simultaneously or sequentially. For example, in one scenario, the first switch 107 and the second switch 108 can be closed first, and the third switch 112 can be closed after the ATS completes the input power selection and stabilizes the output. In another scenario, if the ATS has an internal delay or soft-start function, the three switches can be closed simultaneously, and the startup process can be completed by the internal timing logic of the ATS and UPS. The above variations are all reasonable extensions of the embodiments of this application.

[0113] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is used to control the corresponding power supply switch to close based on the power output from the second output terminal, for the following purposes: If the power output from the second output terminal reaches the total power requirement of all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close; otherwise, based on the preset priority for each load, control the power supply switch corresponding to the load with higher priority to close.

[0114] In this embodiment, when the PLC controls the load connection, it selectively closes the power supply switch of each load according to the actual output power of the second output terminal of the UPS.

[0115] Specifically, the PLC obtains the current output power value of the UPS's second output terminal 110 through the second data terminal 111, and compares this power value with the total power requirement of all loads. If the current output power of the second output terminal 110 reaches or exceeds the total power requirement of all loads, it indicates that the UPS has sufficient capacity to support the normal operation of all loads. At this time, the PLC controls all power supply switches corresponding to each load to close, and all loads are connected to the power supply bus.

[0116] If the current output power of the second output terminal 110 is less than the total power requirement of all loads, it indicates that the current output capacity of the UPS is insufficient to support the simultaneous operation of all loads, and selective connection of loads is required. In this case, the PLC controls the power supply switches corresponding to high-priority loads to close first, according to the preset priorities for each load, while keeping the power supply switches corresponding to low-priority loads open or temporarily not closing. Through this selective connection control, when the UPS output power is limited, priority can be given to ensuring the power supply to critical loads, avoiding UPS shutdown or output abnormalities due to overload.

[0117] The priorities of the aforementioned loads can be preset according to the actual application scenario. For example, in a data center, core storage devices and critical business servers have higher priority than testing equipment and auxiliary management terminals; in medical settings, life support equipment has higher priority than lighting and air conditioning systems; and in industrial control scenarios, the main controller has higher priority than auxiliary drive equipment. These priority settings can be stored in the PLC's internal registers or configured and modified by maintenance personnel through a host computer or human-machine interface.

[0118] In one scenario, if the total power of the loads corresponding to the power supply switches of the currently closed loads still exceeds the current output power of the second output terminal, the PLC, after closing the power supply switches of higher-priority loads according to priority, can issue a prompt message to the maintenance personnel, indicating that the current UPS output power is insufficient and some low-priority loads are not yet connected. In another scenario, the PLC can also send a power adjustment request to the UPS through the second data terminal 111 while selectively connecting loads, in order to adjust the UPS output power allocation strategy. The above variations are all reasonable extensions of the embodiments of this application.

[0119] It should be noted that this control process can be applied both to tiered access during system startup and to dynamic load management after switching to battery mode due to a mains power outage during operation. Both methods execute corresponding power supply switch control strategies based on a comparison between the UPS's current output power and the total load power demand. The core principle is intelligent load management via PLC, enabling the UPS to prioritize power supply to critical loads even when its output power is limited, thereby improving the availability of the power supply system.

[0120] Furthermore, during the load grading connection process, the PLC can close each power supply switch in batches, waiting a certain time after closing each switch until the UPS output power stabilizes before closing the next switch. This gradual connection method can avoid the inrush current generated when multiple loads start simultaneously, which could cause instantaneous overload to the UPS. The waiting time can be set according to the load type and the UPS response characteristics. For example, the interval time can be appropriately extended for inductive loads and shortened for resistive loads. Specific parameters are not limited in this application.

[0121] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is connected to at least one audible and visual alarm module, which is used to control the at least one audible and visual alarm module to sound an alarm when the circuit state is determined to enter a preset fault state.

[0122] In this embodiment, the PLC is also connected to at least one audible and visual alarm module. This audible and visual alarm module can be installed at the equipment site, such as on the top of a cabinet, the wall of a power distribution room, or on an operating console panel. It can also be installed in a remote monitoring center, or installed in multiple locations simultaneously, so that operators in different locations can receive alarm information promptly.

[0123] During PLC operation, when the PLC analyzes the data acquired from each data input terminal and determines that the current circuit has entered a preset fault state, the PLC sends an alarm trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm module through its switch control terminal or dedicated signal output terminal, controlling the audible and visual alarm module to emit sound and / or light signals to trigger an alarm.

[0124] The aforementioned preset fault states can be flexibly configured according to actual application scenarios. For example, when the PLC determines that the remaining battery capacity has dropped to the discharge termination threshold, it can trigger an audible and visual alarm; when the PLC receives an overload fault signal or inverter fault signal from the UPS, it can trigger an audible and visual alarm; when the ATS switching fails or the ATS itself malfunctions, it can trigger an audible and visual alarm; when the line power parameters collected by the power meter exceed the preset safety range, it can also trigger an audible and visual alarm. In another scenario, different fault states can correspond to different alarm methods. For example, minor faults are indicated only by a flashing yellow light, while serious faults are indicated by a constantly lit red light accompanied by a continuous buzzer.

[0125] By setting up an audible and visual alarm module, on-site maintenance personnel can be promptly notified when the system enters a fault state, enabling them to quickly locate and handle the fault and reduce the impact of the fault on the load power supply. Simultaneously, when an output fault is confirmed in the collaborative circuit, the PLC can execute corresponding protection operations while triggering the audible and visual alarm, such as disconnecting the load power supply switch to protect the battery from deep discharge.

[0126] In another scenario, the PLC can also send alarm information to the upper-level monitoring system via a communication interface while triggering a local audible and visual alarm, achieving synchronous alarm at the remote monitoring center. For example, the PLC can upload alarm information to the upper-level computer in the monitoring center via an RS485 communication interface, an Ethernet interface, or a wireless communication module, allowing maintenance personnel who are not on-site to be aware of the system status in a timely manner. The above-mentioned combination of local and remote alarm solutions are all reasonable extensions of the embodiments of this application.

[0127] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a smart power supply method, which is applied to any of the smart power supply systems described in the first aspect, and the method includes: Data is acquired through multiple data input terminals of a programmable logic controller (PLC).

[0128] The acquired data is analyzed to determine the circuit status of the collaborative circuit consisting of the dual-power transfer switch (ATS) and the dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

[0129] Based on the circuit state, multiple switch control terminals send on or off commands to the corresponding switches to control the cooperative circuit to supply or disconnect power to the load connected to the load power supply bus.

[0130] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: An electrical meter is installed in the connecting line between the third switch and the second input terminal to collect electrical parameters on the connecting line and output the electrical parameters through the third data terminal; one of the data input terminals of the PLC is connected to the third data terminal.

[0131] Data is acquired through multiple data input terminals of the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), including: Collect the power parameters output by the third data terminal.

[0132] The acquired data was analyzed to determine the circuit status of the collaborative circuit consisting of the dual-power transfer switch (ATS) and the dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS), including: The current circuit state is determined by comprehensively analyzing the data from the first data terminal, the second data terminal, and the third data terminal.

[0133] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: The fifth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power sources and the other end connected to the target port of the third switch; the target port is the port connected to the second input terminal.

[0134] The method includes: When the circuit status indicates an ATS fault, the third switch is opened and the fifth switch is closed via the switch control terminal, so that one of the mains power supplies is directly connected to the second input terminal of the UPS to supply power to the UPS.

[0135] Furthermore, when the circuit status indicates that the ATS is normal, the fifth switch is opened and the third switch is closed via the switch control terminal to restore power to the UPS via the ATS.

[0136] In one feasible implementation, the second input terminal of the UPS is connected to the main circuit and the bypass circuit respectively, and is used to input one power supply output from the first output terminal to the main circuit and the bypass circuit. The neutral wire terminals of the main circuit and the bypass circuit are shared.

[0137] The main circuit consists of a rectifier, inverter, charger, and battery.

[0138] The power input from the second input terminal is processed by the rectifier.

[0139] The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the inverter, and the inverter is connected to the second output terminal, forming a first power supply circuit. Through the first power supply circuit, the power supply processed by the rectifier is processed again and sent to the second output terminal.

[0140] The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the charger, and the charger is connected to the battery, forming a charging circuit for charging the battery with the power processed by the rectifier.

[0141] The output terminal of the charger is connected to the inverter to form a second power supply circuit. When the power output of the rectifier does not meet the preset requirements, the UPS switches to the second power supply circuit to transmit the power of the battery to the inverter, and switches back to the first power supply circuit when the power output of the rectifier meets the preset requirements.

[0142] The bypass circuit is composed of a bypass element, which is connected to the second output terminal; in the event of a main circuit failure, the mains power supply is directly transmitted to the second output terminal through the bypass element.

[0143] In one feasible implementation, the method further includes: When the UPS switches to the second power supply circuit, the circuit state is determined to be battery powered, based on the data input terminal connected to the second data terminal.

[0144] Obtain the current maximum output power value of the battery sent by the UPS through the second data terminal.

[0145] If the maximum output power value reaches the total power required by all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close.

[0146] Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with the higher priority is closed.

[0147] When the UPS receives a message indicating that the remaining battery capacity has dropped to a preset discharge termination threshold, it is determined that the cooperative circuit has an output fault.

[0148] In one feasible implementation, the system further includes: The sixth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the load power supply bus.

[0149] The method further includes: when the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates that the cooperative circuit has an output fault, it controls the third switch and the fourth switch to open and controls the sixth switch to close through the switch control terminal, so as to directly connect one of the mains power supplies to the load power supply bus to supply power to the load power supply bus.

[0150] Furthermore, when the circuit state indicates that the output of the cooperative circuit is normal, the sixth switch is opened and the third and fourth switches are closed via the switch control terminal, so as to restore power to the load power supply bus via the cooperative circuit.

[0151] In one feasible implementation, the method further includes: The PLC executes: Control the closure of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch.

[0152] Analyze the data acquired from each of the aforementioned data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit.

[0153] If the circuit is in normal condition, then the fourth switch is closed.

[0154] Based on the power output from the second output terminal, the corresponding power supply switch is controlled to close to supply power to the load.

[0155] In one feasible implementation, controlling the corresponding power supply switch to close based on the power output from the second output terminal includes: If the power output from the second output terminal reaches the total power requirement of all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close.

[0156] Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with the higher priority is closed.

[0157] In one feasible implementation, the PLC is connected to at least one audible and visual alarm module.

[0158] The method further includes: When the PLC determines that the circuit has entered a preset fault state, it controls at least one audible and visual alarm module to sound an alarm.

[0159] The steps described above have been explained in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0160] This application provides an intelligent power supply system and method, including a dual-power transfer switch (ATS), a dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS), and a programmable logic controller (PLC). The ATS has two first input terminals connected to two independent AC power sources via a first switch and a second switch, respectively, and its first output terminal outputs one power source. The UPS has a second input terminal connected to the first output terminal of the ATS via a third switch, and its second output terminal connected to a load power supply bus via a fourth switch. Each load is connected to the load power supply bus via a corresponding power supply switch. The PLC's data input terminals are connected to the first data terminal of the ATS and the second data terminal of the UPS, respectively, and the PLC's multiple switch control terminals are connected to each of the aforementioned switches.

[0161] Through the above technical solution, the ATS can output one of the two mains power sources to the UPS, realizing redundant backup of the input power supply; the PLC obtains the circuit status data of the ATS and the UPS in real time, and sends on or off commands to each of the switches according to the circuit status, so as to control the power supply or disconnection of the load by the cooperative circuit.

[0162] Compared with existing technologies that rely on manual operation of circuit breakers and UPS configurations with only a single mains power input, the embodiments of this application can effectively reduce the risk of load power outages caused by mains power interruptions and reduce the need for manual intervention during operation and maintenance, thereby improving the continuity and automation of the power supply system.

[0163] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. Furthermore, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some communication interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or modules may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0164] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0165] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0166] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0167] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent power supply system, characterized in that, The system includes: The dual power transfer switch (ATS) includes two first input terminals, one first output terminal, and one first data terminal. Two independent mains power supplies are connected to the two first input terminals through the first switch and the second switch, respectively. The first output terminal outputs one power supply. The double-conversion online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) includes a second input terminal, a second output terminal, and a second data terminal. The second input terminal is connected to the first output terminal via a third switch, and the second output terminal is connected to the load power supply bus via a fourth switch. The load power supply bus is used to supply power to each load, and a power supply switch is provided between each load and the load power supply bus. The programmable logic controller (PLC) includes multiple data input terminals and multiple switch control terminals. It analyzes the data acquired from the data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit formed by the ATS and the UPS. Based on the circuit state, it sends on or off commands to the corresponding switches through the multiple switch control terminals to control the collaborative circuit to supply or de-energize the loads connected to the load power supply bus. The multiple data input terminals are respectively connected to the first data terminal and the second data terminal, and the multiple switch control terminals are respectively connected to multiple switches to control the multiple switches and acquire corresponding parameters. The multiple switches include at least: the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and a power supply switch corresponding to each load.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: An electrical meter is installed in the connecting line between the third switch and the second input terminal to collect electrical parameters on the connecting line and output the electrical parameters through the third data terminal. One of the data input terminals of the PLC is connected to the third data terminal to collect the power parameters output by the third data terminal. The PLC is used to comprehensively analyze the data from the first data terminal, the second data terminal, and the third data terminal to determine the current circuit state and control the on / off state of the multiple switches according to the current circuit state.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: The fifth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the target port of the third switch; the target port is the port connected to the second input terminal. When the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates that the ATS is faulty, it controls the third switch to open and the fifth switch to close via the switch control terminal, so as to directly connect one of the mains power supplies to the second input terminal of the UPS to power the UPS. Furthermore, when the circuit status indicates that the ATS is normal, the fifth switch is opened and the third switch is closed via the switch control terminal to restore power to the UPS via the ATS.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second input terminal of the UPS is connected to the main circuit and the bypass circuit respectively, and is used to input one power supply output from the first output terminal to the main circuit and the bypass circuit. The neutral wire terminal of the main circuit and the bypass circuit are shared. The main router consists of a rectifier, inverter, charger, and battery; The rectifier is used to process the power input at the second input terminal; The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the inverter, and the inverter is connected to the second output terminal, forming a first power supply circuit for further processing of the power supply after the rectifier is processed and then sending it to the second output terminal. The output terminal of the rectifier is connected to the charger, and the charger is connected to the battery, forming a charging circuit for charging the battery with the power processed by the rectifier. The output terminal of the charger is connected to the inverter to form a second power supply circuit. When the power output of the rectifier does not meet the preset requirements, the charger switches to the second power supply circuit to transmit the power of the battery to the inverter. When the power output of the rectifier meets the preset requirements, the charger switches back to the first power supply circuit. The bypass circuit is composed of a bypass element, which is connected to the second output terminal. In the event of a main circuit failure, the mains power supply is directly transmitted to the second output terminal through the bypass element.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The PLC is also used for: When the UPS switches to the second power supply circuit, the circuit state is determined to be battery powered when the data input terminal connected to the second data terminal receives the information. Obtain the current maximum output power value of the battery sent by the UPS through the second data terminal; If the maximum output power value reaches the total power required by all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with higher priority is closed. When the UPS receives a message indicating that the remaining battery capacity has dropped to a preset discharge termination threshold, it is determined that the cooperative circuit has an output fault.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: The sixth switch has one end connected to one of the mains power supplies and the other end connected to the load power supply bus. When the PLC determines that the circuit status indicates that the cooperative circuit has an output fault, it controls the third switch and the fourth switch to open and the sixth switch to close through the switch control terminal, so as to directly connect one of the mains power supplies to the load power supply bus and supply power to the load power supply bus. Furthermore, when the circuit state indicates that the output of the cooperative circuit is normal, the sixth switch is opened and the third and fourth switches are closed via the switch control terminal, so as to restore power to the load power supply bus via the cooperative circuit.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC is also used for: Control the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch to close; Analyze the data acquired from each of the aforementioned data input terminals to determine the circuit state of the collaborative circuit; If the circuit is in normal condition, then control the fourth switch to close; Based on the power output from the second output terminal, the corresponding power supply switch is controlled to close to supply power to the load.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The PLC is used to control the corresponding power supply switch to close based on the power output from the second output terminal, for the following purposes: If the power output from the second output terminal reaches the total power requirement of all loads, then control each of the power supply switches to close. Otherwise, based on the preset priorities for each load, the power supply switch corresponding to the load with the higher priority is closed.

9. The system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The PLC is connected to at least one audible and visual alarm module, which is used to control the at least one audible and visual alarm module to sound an alarm when the circuit state is determined to enter a preset fault state.

10. A smart power supply method, characterized in that, The method is applied to any of the intelligent power supply systems described in 1-9, and the method includes: Data is acquired through multiple data input terminals of a programmable logic controller (PLC). The acquired data is analyzed to determine the circuit status of the collaborative circuit consisting of the dual-power transfer switch (ATS) and the dual-transfer online uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Based on the circuit state, multiple switch control terminals send on or off commands to the corresponding switches to control the cooperative circuit to supply or disconnect power to the load connected to the load power supply bus.

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