A safe power utilization monitoring and management system based on internet of things

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of power monitoring, and especially relates to a safe power monitoring and management system based on the Internet of Things, which comprises: a periodic sampling module for periodically sampling each branch electric parameter to mark the sampling data with an incremental sampling serial number; an event recording module for determining power abnormal events and associating the event records with the sampling serial number; a beacon broadcasting module for broadcasting beacon signals to each branch according to the incremental beacon count; a beacon recording module for associating the beacon count with the sampling serial number when the beacon signal is received as a beacon record; a cross-branch sequencing module for determining the sequence of different branch power abnormal events based on the beacon record to obtain a cross-branch event sequence; and a linkage protection module for determining the source branch according to the event sequence, controlling the protection equipment of the source branch to be powered off, and locking the protection equipment of the rest of the branches. The present application restores the cross-branch event occurrence sequence without accurate time setting, and improves the accuracy of fault positioning and protection linkage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electricity monitoring technology, and in particular to a safe electricity monitoring and management system based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Power distribution systems in buildings, industrial parks, dormitories, and rental properties typically consist of several power supply branches. Each branch is equipped with data acquisition devices that collect electrical parameters such as residual current and conductor temperature. These devices transmit data to a monitoring platform via an IoT gateway. The monitoring platform detects abnormal power consumption and triggers the protection devices on each power supply branch to cut off power, thus forming an IoT-based safe power consumption monitoring and management system. In such systems, accurately reconstructing the sequence of abnormal power consumption events on each branch is crucial for locating the faulty branch and preventing cascading trips that expand the power outage area.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118295836A discloses a control method and an SOE system, comprising: a control module transmitting pulse signals to a digital event acquisition module according to a pulse signal period and storing the corresponding period number; the digital event acquisition module acquiring SOE events within the pulse signal period; the control module storing the correspondence between the SOE event, the period number, and the event number in a host computer; and the host computer determining the occurrence time of the SOE event by combining the pulse signal period value, the SOE event sampling interval duration, and the start time, thereby achieving the recording of the event occurrence time without setting a time synchronization module.

[0004] However, the following problems still exist in the existing technology: 1. In the existing IoT power consumption monitoring solutions, each power supply branch's acquisition side maintains its own local clock. The monitoring platform relies on timestamps to restore the sequence of events across branches. The clock deviation of each acquisition side and the transmission delay of the uploading channel cause the restored sequence to deviate from the actual sequence of occurrence, leading to misjudgment of the fault source branch and improper protection action sequence. 2. Existing time-free event recording schemes aim to restore the absolute occurrence time of events and are suitable for local recording by a single acquisition module. However, in IoT power consumption monitoring, the sampling periods of each power supply branch are different. This scheme cannot be used for event sequencing across branches, and its recording results are often used for post-event queries without being linked with the actions of protection devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides a safe electricity monitoring and management system based on the Internet of Things, which overcomes the problems of distorted sequential restoration of abnormal events across branches and misjudgment of fault source branches caused by clock deviations on multiple acquisition sides in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a safe electricity monitoring and management system based on the Internet of Things, comprising: The periodic sampling module is used to periodically sample the electrical parameters of each power supply branch, and to mark the sampled data with a sampling sequence number that increases sequentially according to the sampling period of the power supply branch. An event logging module is used to determine the power consumption abnormality event of the power supply branch based on the marked sampling data, and to associate the sampling sequence number corresponding to the sampling data used to determine the power consumption abnormality event as the event sampling sequence number and associate it with the power consumption abnormality event as an event log. A beacon broadcasting module is used to mark beacon signals with a progressively increasing beacon count, and to broadcast the beacon signals simultaneously to each power supply branch; A beacon recording module is used to receive the beacon signal and associate the beacon count carried by the beacon signal with the current sampling sequence number of the power supply branch where the beacon signal is received to form a beacon record; A cross-branch sequencing module is used to determine the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event belonging to the same power supply branch according to the event sampling sequence number, and to determine the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event belonging to different power supply branches based on the beacon records of each power supply branch, thereby obtaining a cross-branch event sequence. The linkage protection module is used to control the protection device corresponding to the first power supply branch to perform a power-off action, and to lock out the protection devices corresponding to the other power supply branches. The first power supply branch is the power supply branch where the first abnormal power consumption event is located, determined according to the cross-branch event sequence. The beacon count increases sequentially according to the order in which the beacon signals are broadcast.

[0007] Furthermore, the periodic sampling module includes: The current sampling submodule is used to periodically sample the current-related electrical parameters of the power supply branch. The temperature sampling submodule is used to periodically sample the temperature-related electrical parameters of the power supply branch. The sampling period of the temperature sampling submodule is longer than that of the current sampling submodule. The beacon recording module also reports the sampling period of the power supply branch it is located on along with the beacon record.

[0008] Furthermore, the event logging module includes: The leakage current detection submodule is used to determine whether a leakage current abnormal event has occurred in response to the change in the residual current sampling data corresponding to adjacent sampling numbers reaching a preset change range. The temperature rise detection submodule is used to determine whether an abnormal temperature rise event has occurred in response to the continuous rise of the conductor temperature sampling data within a number of consecutive sampling sequences. The preset variation range is determined based on the fluctuation range of the residual current when the power supply branch normally switches loads.

[0009] Furthermore, the cross-branch sequencing module includes: The queue collection submodule is used to classify each event record into the event queue of the corresponding power supply branch according to the branch identifier of the power supply branch where the power consumption abnormal event is located, and to sort the event records in each event queue according to the event sampling sequence number. The missing detection submodule is used to determine that there is a missing event record in the corresponding power supply branch in response to the discontinuous event sampling sequence number of adjacent event records in the same event queue, and to output a retransmission request.

[0010] Furthermore, the event logging module includes: The local protection submodule is used to respond to the interruption of the upload channel of the event record, continue to monitor the power supply branch according to the sampling sequence number of the power supply branch, and control the protection device corresponding to the power supply branch to perform a power-off action. The record retransmission submodule is used to retransmit the events determined during the interruption in response to the restoration of the upload channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the beacon broadcast module includes: The initial broadcast submodule is used to broadcast the first beacon signal in response to power-on; The broadcast submodule is triggered to count the received event records one by one. If the count reaches a preset number of received records, the beacon signal is broadcast once.

[0012] Furthermore, the beacon broadcast module includes: A forwarding tagging submodule is configured to append a progressively increasing forwarding count to each of the event records in the order of receipt, and to forward the event records with the forwarding count appended. The cached retransmission submodule is used to cache the event records to be forwarded in response to the interruption of the forwarding channel, and to retransmit the cached event records after appending the forwarding count in the order of reception in response to the recovery of the forwarding channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the cross-branch sequencing module includes: An anchor point determination submodule is used to compare each of the beacon records belonging to the same power supply branch with the event sampling sequence number according to the sampling sequence number, and to determine the most recent beacon record corresponding to each of the power consumption anomaly events; An interval sequencing submodule is used to determine the order of the beacon intervals in which each of the power consumption anomalies occurs based on the beacon count recorded in the most recent beacon record corresponding to each of the power consumption anomalies. The location determination submodule is used to determine the location of each power consumption abnormal event within the beacon interval according to the difference between the sampling sequence number of each event and the sampling sequence number in the corresponding most recent beacon record and the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch, and to determine the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormal event belonging to different power supply branches according to the order of the beacon intervals and the location. A supplementary sequencing submodule is provided, which is used to determine the order of occurrence of the power consumption anomaly events in response to the fact that the beacon intervals corresponding to the two event records are the same and the difference is the same, according to the forwarding count of the two event records. Within the same beacon interval, the smaller the difference, the earlier the power consumption anomaly event occurs.

[0014] Furthermore, the linkage protection module includes: The source handling submodule is used to identify the power supply branch where the first abnormal power consumption event in the cross-branch event sequence is located as the source branch of the fault, and to issue a power-off command to the protection device corresponding to the source branch of the fault, and to issue a blocking command to the protection device corresponding to the other power supply branches where abnormal power consumption events have occurred. The step-by-step processing submodule is used to release the blocking command in response to the recovery of the sampling data of the remaining power supply branches to the normal operating range after the power outage of the fault source branch, and in response to the failure of the sampling data of the remaining power supply branches to recover to the normal operating range, to issue a power outage command to the protection device corresponding to the next power supply branch in sequence according to the cross-branch event sequence.

[0015] Furthermore, the linkage protection module includes: The sequence verification submodule is used to determine the action sequence of the protection devices corresponding to each power supply branch according to the cross-branch event sequence, and to receive action feedback from each protection device. An anomaly alert submodule is used to respond to a discrepancy between the actual action sequence shown in the action feedback and the expected action sequence, determine that the corresponding protection device has an action anomaly, and output an alert message.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the system of this invention includes: a periodic sampling module that periodically samples the electrical parameters of each branch and marks the sampled data with an incrementing sampling sequence number; an event recording module that identifies abnormal power consumption events and associates them with the sampling sequence number to form event records; a beacon broadcasting module that marks beacon signals with an incrementing beacon count and broadcasts them to each branch; a beacon recording module that associates the beacon count with the sampling sequence number when receiving the beacon signal to form a beacon record; a cross-branch sequencing module that uses the beacon record as a reference to determine the order of abnormal power consumption events in different branches, obtaining a cross-branch event sequence; and a linkage protection module that determines the source branch according to the event sequence, controls its protection equipment to disconnect power, and blocks the protection equipment of the remaining branches. This invention can restore the sequence of cross-branch events without precise time synchronization, improving the accuracy of fault location and protection linkage.

[0017] In particular, this invention considers the problem of clock deviation on multiple acquisition sides. In reality, each power supply branch's acquisition side maintains its own local clock. After long-term operation, clock deviations gradually accumulate. Furthermore, the transmission delays of the uplink channels from each acquisition side to the aggregation side and from the aggregation side to the monitoring side are different. The order of events restored by timestamps may be reversed from the actual order of occurrence, causing the branch where the anomaly occurs later to be mistakenly identified as the source of the fault, and the order of protection actions to be disordered. This invention uses a beacon broadcasting module to broadcast beacon signals carrying progressively increasing beacon counts to each power supply branch. Each power supply branch's beacon recording module associates the current sampling sequence number received with the beacon count to create a beacon record and reports it. The same beacon count corresponds to a common reference formed by the same broadcast in each power supply branch. The cross-branch sequencing module only needs to compare the event sampling sequence number of each power consumption anomaly with the sampling sequence number in the corresponding most recent beacon record, and determine the chronological position of each event between two adjacent beacon broadcasts based on the difference and the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch. The entire sequencing process uses counting as the measurement language, is independent of whether the clocks on each acquisition side are aligned, and does not require solving any absolute time. This invention achieves time-accurate cross-branch anomaly event sequencing, ensuring the accuracy of fault source branch identification.

[0018] In particular, for situations where the sampling periods of different power supply branches are not the same, this invention combines the difference with the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch during sequencing to determine the position of the event within the beacon interval. In actual operating conditions, branches that collect abrupt electrical parameters such as residual current have short sampling periods, while branches that collect slowly changing electrical parameters such as conductor temperature have long sampling periods. If the difference in sampling sequence numbers between two branches is compared, the branch with the longer sampling period will be systematically determined to have an event that occurred later. This invention eliminates the influence of sampling period differences on the sequencing results, achieving accurate comparison of the order of events across branches under heterogeneous sampling periods.

[0019] In particular, this invention addresses the issue of maintaining the continuity of sequencing criteria during communication interruptions. In practical applications, both the upload channel on the acquisition side and the forwarding channel on the aggregation side may be interrupted. In this invention, the sampling sequence number continuously increments according to the sampling period during the interruption. Event records determined during the interruption carry consecutive event sampling sequence numbers and are retransmitted after recovery. The beacon broadcast module buffers event records to be forwarded and retransmits them with a forwarding count appended according to the receiving order after recovery. For two event records with the same beacon interval and the same difference, their order is determined by the forwarding count. This invention achieves the effect of not losing the sequencing criteria during communication interruptions and ensuring that the event order can be continued after communication is restored.

[0020] In particular, a sequential linkage method for protection actions is adopted. In actual operation, if several power supply branches report anomalies simultaneously and each protection device operates independently, the tripping of non-source branches will expand the power outage range. This invention, based on the cross-branch event sequence, only cuts off power to the fault-source branch, blocking the protection devices of the remaining branches. After the power outage, depending on whether the sampled data of the remaining branches recovers to the normal operating range, it decides to release the blocking or sequentially cut off power. This invention achieves the effect of isolating the fault with the smallest possible power outage range. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of cross-branch sequencing based on beacon records in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a logic diagram for the protection linkage control in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] This invention provides an IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system, comprising: The periodic sampling module is used to periodically sample the electrical parameters of each power supply branch, and to mark the sampled data with a sampling sequence number that increases sequentially according to the sampling period of the power supply branch. An event logging module is used to determine the power consumption abnormality event of the power supply branch based on the marked sampling data, and to associate the sampling sequence number corresponding to the sampling data used to determine the power consumption abnormality event as the event sampling sequence number and associate it with the power consumption abnormality event as an event log. A beacon broadcasting module is used to mark beacon signals with a progressively increasing beacon count, and to broadcast the beacon signals simultaneously to each power supply branch; A beacon recording module is used to receive the beacon signal and associate the beacon count carried by the beacon signal with the current sampling sequence number of the power supply branch where the beacon signal is received to form a beacon record; A cross-branch sequencing module is used to determine the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event belonging to the same power supply branch according to the event sampling sequence number, and to determine the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event belonging to different power supply branches based on the beacon records of each power supply branch, thereby obtaining a cross-branch event sequence. The linkage protection module is used to control the protection device corresponding to the first power supply branch to perform a power-off action, and to lock out the protection devices corresponding to the other power supply branches. The first power supply branch is the power supply branch where the first abnormal power consumption event is located, determined according to the cross-branch event sequence. The beacon count increases sequentially according to the order in which the beacon signals are broadcast.

[0025] Specifically, the safe electricity monitoring and management system of the present invention uses the sampling sequence number arranged according to the power supply branch and the beacon signal broadcast to each power supply branch as the sequencing basis, transforming the problem of reconstructing the sequence of abnormal events across branches into a counting comparison problem. Clock deviation and transmission delay no longer enter the sequencing process. The sequencing result drives the power outage of the fault source branch and the blocking of the other branches, ensuring the accuracy of fault location and the effectiveness of the sequential action of protection.

[0026] It is understood that, in addition to being applied to the safe electricity monitoring of buildings, parks, dormitories and rental houses, this invention can also be extended to monitoring scenarios with several independent circuits, such as string monitoring of photovoltaic power stations and charging circuit monitoring of charging stations. It only needs to meet the requirement that the parameters of each circuit are periodically sampled and independently sequenced, and that there is a convergence side that can broadcast beacon signals to each circuit. This will not be elaborated here.

[0027] It should be noted that the functional modules mentioned above in this application are only logical divisions based on the functions implemented according to the present invention. The specific physical structures of the periodic sampling module, event recording module, beacon broadcasting module, beacon recording module, cross-branch sequencing module, and linkage protection module are not limited. They can be composed of logic components, including field-programmable gate arrays, application-specific integrated circuits, computers, or microprocessors in computers, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the Internet of Things-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In this embodiment, the periodic sampling module, event recording module, and beacon recording module are deployed on the acquisition devices of each power supply branch, the beacon broadcasting module is deployed on the gateway connecting each acquisition device, the cross-branch sequencing module and the linkage protection module are deployed on the monitoring platform, and the protection devices and the acquisition devices are set up one-to-one according to the power supply branches.

[0030] Please see Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Each data acquisition device is installed on a separate power supply branch. The data acquisition device is connected to the gateway, the gateway is connected to the monitoring platform, and the monitoring platform is connected to each protection device.

[0032] Specifically, the data acquisition device refers to a device installed on a power supply branch that periodically samples the electrical parameters of that branch. The acquisition device incorporates a metering chip and a communication unit. The metering chip reads electrical parameters such as residual current and conductor temperature of the branch according to the sampling period. The communication unit uploads the sampled data, event records, and beacon records via a gateway. The acquisition device also has a local control interface, which connects to the protection equipment of the power supply branch. The event recording module directly sends a power-off command to the protection equipment via the local control interface.

[0033] Specifically, the protection device refers to a device capable of disconnecting the power supply branch it is connected to upon command, such as a circuit breaker with communication function or a residual current device (RCD). The protection device receives power-off commands or interlock commands issued by the monitoring platform. The interlock command is used to prohibit the protection device from performing a power-off action during the interlock period. The protection device can also receive power-off commands directly sent by the acquisition device of the power supply branch via the local control interface.

[0034] It is understood that the implementation method of the local control interface is not limited. It can be a hard-wired connection between the acquisition device and the protection device, or it can be a near-field communication between the acquisition device and the protection device. It is only necessary to ensure that the event recording module can send a power-off command directly to the protection device of the power supply branch without going through the gateway and the monitoring platform when the upload channel is interrupted. This will not be elaborated here.

[0035] Specifically, the gateway refers to a communication device that connects several data acquisition devices to a monitoring platform. The gateway receives event records uploaded by each data acquisition device, forwards them to the monitoring platform, and broadcasts beacon signals to each data acquisition device. Communication between the gateway and the data acquisition devices can be achieved via power line carrier, bus, or wireless methods, as long as the arrival time difference of each data acquisition device receiving the same beacon signal is less than the shortest sampling period. Further details are omitted here.

[0036] Specifically, the sampling sequence number refers to the sequence number obtained by sequentially incrementing the sampling data of each power supply branch according to the sampling order. The sampling sequence numbers of each power supply branch are assigned independently, and the sampling sequence numbers of different power supply branches are not comparable.

[0037] Specifically, the beacon signal is a signal carrying a beacon count broadcast to each power supply branch. The beacon count increases sequentially according to the order of the broadcast beacon signals, with the same beacon count corresponding to the same broadcast. The sampling sequence number recorded when each power supply branch receives a beacon signal with the same beacon count constitutes a common reference among the branches.

[0038] In this embodiment, the beacon signal is sent via the same broadcast message through the gateway to the same downlink of each of the acquisition devices, and each of the acquisition devices receives the same broadcast message; the propagation delay of the broadcast message to each acquisition device via the same downlink is different, the arrival time difference of the beacon signal with the same beacon count received by each power supply branch is less than the shortest sampling period, and the sampling sequence number anchored by the same beacon count in each power supply branch is not misaligned due to the arrival time difference.

[0039] Specifically, the beacon record refers to a record formed by the acquisition side of the power supply branch, which associates the beacon count carried by the beacon signal with the local current sampling sequence number when the beacon signal is received. The beacon record is reported along with the sampling data or event record.

[0040] Specifically, the event sampling sequence number refers to the sampling sequence number corresponding to the sampling data used to determine the abnormal power consumption event, which marks the position of the abnormal power consumption event in the sampling sequence of the power supply branch.

[0041] Specifically, the cross-branch event sequence refers to the sequence obtained by sorting the abnormal power consumption events belonging to different power supply branches according to the order in which each abnormal power consumption event occurs.

[0042] Please see Figure 3 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system operation process is as follows: Step S1: The acquisition device periodically samples the electrical parameters of the power supply branch and marks the sampled data with a sampling sequence number that increases sequentially according to the sampling period of the power supply branch. Step S2: If the acquisition device determines that an abnormal power consumption event has occurred in the power supply branch based on the marked sampling data, then the sampling sequence number corresponding to the sampling data used to determine the abnormal power consumption event is used as the event sampling sequence number, associated with the abnormal power consumption event as an event record, and uploaded to the gateway; Step S3: In response to the gateway receiving the event records, the gateway forwards each event record to the monitoring platform; Step S4: The gateway marks the beacon signal with an incrementally increasing beacon count and broadcasts the beacon signal to each power supply branch simultaneously, and the arrival time difference of the beacon signal with the same beacon count received by each power supply branch is less than the shortest sampling period of that power supply branch. Step S5: In response to the acquisition device receiving the beacon signal, the acquisition device associates the beacon count carried by the beacon signal with the current sampling sequence number of the power supply branch where the beacon signal was received to form a beacon record, and reports it to the monitoring platform; Step S6: The monitoring platform determines the order of occurrence of each abnormal power consumption event belonging to the same power supply branch according to the size of the event sampling sequence number; with the beacon record reported by each power supply branch as a reference, the platform determines the order of occurrence of each abnormal power consumption event belonging to different power supply branches according to the difference between the sampling sequence number of each event and the sampling sequence number in the corresponding beacon record and the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch, thus obtaining the cross-branch event sequence. Step S7: The monitoring platform determines the power supply branch where the first abnormal power consumption event occurs according to the cross-branch event sequence, controls the protection device corresponding to the power supply branch to perform a power-off action, and blocks the protection devices corresponding to the other power supply branches.

[0043] Specifically, the periodic sampling module includes: The current sampling submodule is used to periodically sample the current-related electrical parameters of the power supply branch. The temperature sampling submodule is used to periodically sample the temperature-related electrical parameters of the power supply branch. The sampling period of the temperature sampling submodule is longer than that of the current sampling submodule. The beacon recording module also reports the sampling period of the power supply branch it is located on along with the beacon record.

[0044] In this embodiment, current-related electrical parameters such as residual current and branch current change rapidly, resulting in short sampling periods; while temperature-related electrical parameters such as conductor temperature change slowly, resulting in long sampling periods. Each acquisition device records and reports its own sampling period along with the beacon, and the monitoring platform obtains the sampling period of each power supply branch accordingly.

[0045] It is understood that the specific value of the sampling period is not limited. It can be determined according to the rate of change of the electrical parameters under normal operating conditions, or according to the load characteristics of the power supply branch. As long as the sampled data can reflect the change process of the corresponding electrical parameters, it will not be elaborated here.

[0046] Specifically, the event logging module includes: The leakage current detection submodule is used to determine that a leakage current abnormal event has occurred when the change in the sampling data of the residual current corresponding to adjacent sampling numbers reaches a preset change range. The temperature rise detection submodule is used to determine the occurrence of an abnormal temperature rise event in response to the continuous rise of the conductor temperature sampling data within a number of consecutive sampling sequences. The preset variation range is determined based on the fluctuation range of the residual current when the power supply branch normally switches loads.

[0047] In this embodiment, the event recording module monitors the marked sampling data one by one. If the change between two adjacent sampling data of the residual current reaches the preset change range, it is considered that the insulation state of the branch has changed abruptly, and a leakage abnormality event is determined. If the conductor temperature continues to rise within a number of consecutive sampling sequences, it is considered that the branch has continuous overheating, and a temperature rise abnormality event is determined.

[0048] It is understood that the type of electrical parameter is not limited, and it may include any one of branch voltage, branch current or harmonic content. The method of determining the abnormal power consumption event is also not limited, as long as the determination basis is the sampling data marked with the sampling sequence number and the determination result can be associated with the event sampling sequence number. This will not be elaborated here.

[0049] Specifically, the cross-branch sequencing module includes: The queue collection submodule is used to classify each event record into the event queue of the corresponding power supply branch according to the branch identifier of the power supply branch where the power consumption abnormality event occurred, and the event records in each event queue are sorted according to the event sampling sequence number. The missing detection submodule is used to respond to the fact that the event sampling sequence numbers of adjacent event records in the same event queue are not consecutive, to determine that there is a missing event record in the corresponding power supply branch, and to output a retransmission request.

[0050] In this embodiment, the correspondence between branch identifiers and protection devices is determined based on the power distribution topology ledger. The cross-branch sequencing module can find the corresponding protection device by the branch identifier. The event sampling sequence number is an incremental sequence number. The sampling sequence numbers of adjacent event records within the same event queue should be consecutive. Once a gap occurs, it indicates that the event record at the corresponding position was lost in the acquisition or transmission process. The cross-branch sequencing module outputs a retransmission request to the acquisition device of the corresponding branch, and the acquisition device re-uploads the corresponding event record cached locally.

[0051] Specifically, the event logging module includes: The local protection submodule is used to respond to the interruption of the upload channel of the event record, continue to monitor the power supply branch according to the sampling sequence number of the power supply branch, and control the protection device corresponding to the power supply branch to perform a power-off action. The record retransmission submodule is used to retransmit the events determined during the interruption in response to the restoration of the upload channel.

[0052] In this embodiment, during the upload channel interruption, the sampling sequence number of the acquisition device continuously increments, and the event sampling sequence numbers carried by each event record determined during the interruption remain continuous. When the event recording module determines that an abnormal power consumption event has occurred during monitoring, it no longer waits for instructions from the monitoring side and controls the protection equipment of this branch to perform a power-off action via the local control interface, ensuring local protection capability during communication interruption. The interlocking applies to controls issued by the monitoring platform via the upload channel, and the local power-off of the protection equipment of the power supply branch by the event recording module during the upload channel interruption is not subject to the constraints of the interlocking. After the upload channel is restored, the event records determined during the interruption are retransmitted, and the retransmitted event records still enter the corresponding event queue for sequencing according to the event sampling sequence number.

[0053] Specifically, the beacon broadcast module includes: The initial broadcast submodule is used to broadcast the first beacon signal in response to power-on; The broadcast submodule is triggered to count the received event records one by one. If the count reaches a preset number of received records, the beacon signal is broadcast once.

[0054] In this embodiment, the density of beacon broadcasts adaptively changes with the reporting density of abnormal events: when reporting is dense, the broadcasts are correspondingly encrypted, the beacon intervals are shortened, and the resolution of cross-branch sequencing is improved; when the system is calm, the broadcasts are correspondingly sparse, without occupying unnecessary communication resources. The preset number of received messages is determined based on the sampling period of each power supply branch and the allowed sequencing deviation of the beacon count. The shorter the sampling period and the smaller the allowed sequencing deviation, the fewer the preset number of received messages.

[0055] It is understandable that there is no limitation on the broadcast triggering method of the beacon signal. It can be triggered by the count of the received event record or by the heartbeat count of the local broadcast side. It is only necessary to ensure that the beacon count of each broadcast increases successively and that the arrival time difference of the beacon signal with the same beacon count received by each power supply branch is less than the shortest sampling period. This will not be elaborated here.

[0056] Specifically, the beacon broadcast module includes: A forwarding tagging submodule is used to append a progressively increasing forwarding count to each of the received event records in the order of receipt, and to forward the event records with the forwarding count appended. The cached retransmission submodule is used to cache the event records to be forwarded in response to the interruption of the forwarding channel, and to append the forwarding count to the cached event records in the order of reception in response to the recovery of the forwarding channel, and retransmit the cached event records.

[0057] In this embodiment, the forwarding count is uniformly added by the beacon broadcast module, reflecting the order in which each event record arrives at the aggregation side. If the forwarding channel is interrupted, the event records to be forwarded are cached on the aggregation side. The receiving order of the cached event records is maintained according to the cache order. After communication is restored, the forwarding count is added according to this order and the records are retransmitted, so that the retransmitted event records still have the correct order on the monitoring side.

[0058] Please see Figure 4 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the principle of cross-branch sequencing with beacon records as reference in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Specifically, the cross-branch sequencing module includes: Anchor point determination submodule is used to compare each of the beacon records belonging to the same power supply branch with the event sampling sequence number according to the size of the sampling sequence number, and determine the most recent beacon record corresponding to each of the power consumption anomaly events; An interval sequencing submodule is used to determine the order of the beacon intervals in which each of the power consumption anomalies is located based on the beacon count recorded in the most recent beacon record corresponding to each of the power consumption anomalies. The location determination submodule is used to determine the location of each power consumption abnormal event within the beacon interval according to the difference between the sampling sequence number of each event and the sampling sequence number in the corresponding most recent beacon record and the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch. According to the order of the beacon intervals and the location, the order of occurrence of each power consumption abnormal event belonging to different power supply branches is determined. A supplementary sequencing submodule is provided, which is used to determine the order of occurrence of the corresponding power consumption anomaly events in response to the fact that the beacon intervals corresponding to the two event records are the same and the difference is the same, according to the forwarding count of the two event records. Within the same beacon interval, the smaller the difference, the earlier the power consumption anomaly event occurs.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the sampling period of power supply branch A is shorter than that of power supply branch B. The sampling sequence number axes of the two branches have different scale densities; the denser the scale, the shorter the sampling period and the more samples are arranged per unit time. Beacon broadcasts of Beacon Count 1 and Beacon Count 2 arrive simultaneously on both branches. Each branch associates the beacon count with the current sampling sequence number received from the beacon signal to report a beacon record. Events A and B both occur after the beacon record corresponding to Beacon Count 2 and before the next beacon broadcast, placing them within the same beacon interval. The cross-branch sequencing module determines the difference between the event sampling sequence number of Event A and the sampling sequence number in the beacon record corresponding to Beacon Count 2, and the difference between the event sampling sequence number of Event B and the sampling sequence number in the corresponding beacon record. The difference, combined with the sampling period of each branch, determines the order of the two events within the beacon interval. The absolute reading of the sampling sequence number axis and the clock reading are not compared. If the two event records are in the same beacon interval and have the same difference, their order is determined by the forwarding count.

[0061] In this embodiment, if the event sampling sequence number of the power consumption anomaly is less than the sampling sequence number in the first beacon record of the power supply branch, that is, the power consumption anomaly occurs before the first beacon broadcast after power-on, then the cross-branch sequencing module will classify the power consumption anomaly into the zero beacon interval; the zero beacon interval is earlier than the beacon interval corresponding to each beacon count, and the power consumption anomalies that are in the same zero beacon interval but belong to different power supply branches are determined in the order of occurrence according to the event sampling sequence number and the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch.

[0062] It is understood that there is no limitation on the method of determining the position within the beacon interval. It can be determined according to the correspondence between the difference and the sampling period, or according to the proportion of the difference to the number of samples within the beacon interval. It is only necessary to satisfy that the smaller the difference within the same beacon interval, the earlier the event occurs, and that different power supply branches are comparable according to their respective sampling periods. This will not be elaborated further here.

[0063] Please see Figure 5 As shown, it is a logic judgment diagram of the protection linkage control in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Specifically, the linkage protection module includes: The source handling submodule is used to identify the power supply branch where the earliest power consumption abnormality event occurs in the cross-branch event sequence as the fault source branch, issue a power-off command to the protection device corresponding to the fault source branch, and issue a blocking command to the protection device corresponding to the other power supply branches where power consumption abnormality events occur. The step-by-step processing submodule is used to release the interlock command when the sampling data of the remaining power supply branches recovers to the normal operating range after the power outage of the fault source branch; and to issue a power outage command to the protection device corresponding to the next power supply branch in sequence according to the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event in the cross-branch event sequence when the sampling data of the remaining power supply branches fails to recover to the normal operating range.

[0065] In this embodiment, the normal operating range is determined based on the historical normal operating data of the corresponding power supply branch. After the fault source branch is de-energized, if the abnormality of the other branches is caused by the source branch, its sampling data will recover to the normal operating range, the linkage protection module will release the lockout, and the other branches will continue to be powered; if it does not recover, it indicates that there is an independent subsequent fault point, and the linkage protection module will de-energize the next branch according to the order of the cross-branch event sequence, checking step by step. Each power outage is based on the sequence result to avoid the expansion of the power outage range caused by the disorderly operation of each protection device.

[0066] Specifically, the linkage protection module includes: The sequence verification submodule is used to determine the action sequence of the protection devices corresponding to each power supply branch according to the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event in the cross-branch event sequence, and to receive action feedback from each protection device. The abnormality prompting submodule is used to respond to the discrepancy between the actual action sequence shown in the action feedback and the expected action sequence, determine that the corresponding protection device has an action abnormality, and output prompt information.

[0067] In this embodiment, after each protection device performs a power-off action, it sends back action feedback. The linkage protection module compares the actual action sequence with the action sequence determined by the cross-branch event sequence. If the sequence is inconsistent, it is determined that the corresponding protection device has failed to operate or has erroneously operated. The output prompt information includes the branch identifier of the power supply branch where the protection device with abnormal operation is located, for maintenance personnel to check.

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safe electricity monitoring and management system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: The periodic sampling module is used to periodically sample the electrical parameters of each power supply branch, and to mark the sampled data with a sampling sequence number that increases according to the sampling period of the power supply branch. An event logging module is used to determine the power consumption abnormality event of the power supply branch based on the marked sampling data, and to associate the sampling number corresponding to the sampling data used to determine the power consumption abnormality event as the event sampling number and associate it with the power consumption abnormality event as an event log. A beacon broadcast module is used to mark beacon signals according to an incremental beacon count, and to broadcast the beacon signals to each power supply branch simultaneously; A beacon recording module is used to associate the beacon count carried by the received beacon signal with the current sampling sequence number of the power supply branch at the time of reception to form a beacon record; A cross-branch sequencing module is used to determine the occurrence order of each power consumption abnormality event in the same power supply branch according to the event sampling sequence number, and to determine the occurrence order of the power consumption abnormality events in different power supply branches based on the beacon records of each power supply branch, so as to obtain a cross-branch event sequence. The linkage protection module is used to control the protection device corresponding to the first power supply branch to perform a power-off action, and to lock out the protection devices corresponding to the other power supply branches. The first power supply branch is the power supply branch where the first power consumption abnormality event in the cross-branch event sequence is located. The beacon count increases sequentially according to the order in which the beacon signals are broadcast.

2. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The periodic sampling module includes: The current sampling submodule is used to periodically sample the current-related electrical parameters of the power supply branch. A temperature sampling submodule is used to periodically sample temperature-related electrical parameters of the power supply branch. The sampling period of the temperature sampling submodule is longer than that of the current sampling submodule.

3. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The event logging module includes: The leakage current detection submodule is used to determine whether a leakage current abnormal event has occurred in response to the change in the residual current sampling data of adjacent sampling numbers reaching a preset change range. The temperature rise detection submodule is used to determine whether an abnormal temperature rise event has occurred in response to the conductor temperature sampling data continuously rising within a number of consecutive sampling sequences. The preset variation range is determined based on the fluctuation range of the residual current when the power supply branch normally switches loads.

4. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-branch sequencing module includes: The queue collection submodule is used to classify each event record into the event queue of the corresponding power supply branch according to the branch identifier of the power supply branch where the power consumption abnormal event is located, and to sort the event records in the event queue according to the event sampling sequence number. The missing event detection submodule is used to determine the missing event record of the corresponding power supply branch in response to the discontinuous event sampling sequence number of adjacent event records in the same event queue, and to output a retransmission request.

5. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The event logging module includes: The local protection submodule is used to respond to the interruption of the upload channel of the event record, continue to monitor the power supply branch according to the sampling sequence number of the power supply branch, and control the corresponding protection device to cut off the power. The record retransmission submodule is used to retransmit the events determined during the interruption in response to the restoration of the upload channel.

6. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beacon broadcast module includes: The initial broadcast submodule is used to broadcast the first beacon signal in response to power-on; The broadcast submodule is triggered to count the received event records one by one. If the count reaches the preset number of received records, the beacon signal is broadcast once.

7. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beacon broadcast module includes: A forwarding tagging submodule is configured to append an incrementing forwarding count to each of the event records in the order of receipt, and to forward the event records with the forwarding count appended. The cached retransmission submodule is used to cache the event records to be forwarded in response to the interruption of the forwarding channel, and to retransmit the cached event records after appending the forwarding count in the order of reception in response to the recovery of the forwarding channel.

8. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross-branch sequencing module includes: An anchor point determination submodule is used to compare the beacon records and event sampling numbers of the same power supply branch according to the sampling number, and to determine the most recent beacon record corresponding to each power consumption abnormality event; An interval sequencing submodule is used to determine the order of each of the abnormal power consumption events within a beacon interval based on the beacon count recorded in the most recent beacon record. The location determination submodule is used to determine the location of the power consumption anomaly event within the beacon interval based on the difference between the sampling sequence number of each event and the sampling sequence number in the corresponding most recent beacon record, as well as the sampling period of the corresponding power supply branch. It also determines the order of occurrence of the power consumption anomaly events in different power supply branches based on the order of the beacon intervals and the location. A supplementary sequencing submodule is provided, which is used to determine the order of occurrence of application electrical anomalies based on the forwarding count of the two event records in response to the fact that the beacon intervals corresponding to the two event records are the same and the difference is the same. Within the same beacon interval, the smaller the difference, the earlier the power consumption anomaly event occurs.

9. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage protection module includes: The source handling submodule is used to identify the power supply branch where the first abnormal power consumption event in the cross-branch event sequence is located as the source branch of the fault, and to issue a power-off command to the protection device of the source branch of the fault, and to issue a blocking command to the protection device of the other power supply branches where abnormal power consumption events have occurred. The step-by-step processing submodule is used to release the interlock command in response to the recovery of the sampling data of the remaining power supply branches to the normal operating range after the power outage of the fault source branch, and to issue a power outage command to the protection equipment of the remaining power supply branches according to the cross-branch event sequence in response to the failure to recover the sampling data of the remaining power supply branches.

10. The IoT-based safe electricity monitoring and management system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The linkage protection module includes: The sequence verification submodule is used to determine the action order of each of the protection devices according to the cross-branch event sequence, and to receive action feedback from each of the protection devices. An anomaly alert submodule is used to respond to a discrepancy between the actual action sequence shown in the action feedback and the expected action sequence, determine that the corresponding protection device is malfunctioning, and output an alert message.

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