Control method, control system, electronic device, and program product for charge pump

Abstract

The application provides a control method, a control system, an electronic device and a program product for a charge pump. The control method for the charge pump comprises obtaining working condition parameters of the charge pump, the working condition parameters comprising an output current, an output ripple characteristic, a temperature and a voltage offset of the charge pump, the voltage offset being determined according to an output voltage and a target voltage; comparing the working condition parameters with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase or decrease the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump; determining a control timing mode from a plurality of timing modes based on the working condition parameters; and generating a control signal for the charge pump according to the determined control timing mode and based on a current number of effective participating pump units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to techniques for controlling charge pumps, and more specifically, to charge pump control methods, control systems, electronic devices, and software products. Background Technology

[0002] Charge pumps, with their advantages of being inductor-free and easy to integrate, are widely used in display driving, memory biasing, sensor biasing, and portable power management. A typical charge pump system consists of multiple charge pump units, which rely on the periodic charging and discharging of flying capacitors to complete charge transfer and achieve voltage transformation. During operation, timing signals control the on and off of each switch to coordinate the orderly charging and discharging of each pump unit.

[0003] However, existing charge pump control schemes generally adopt a fixed-timing drive mode or implement adjustment through only a single control dimension, such as single duty cycle adjustment or single pump unit on / off control. In practical applications, this type of control scheme has some areas for improvement under conditions such as dynamic load changes and ambient temperature fluctuations. For example, the continuous periodic charging and discharging of the flying capacitor leads to obvious periodic ripple in the output voltage, affecting the power supply quality of subsequent circuits; when the load changes dynamically, there is an inherent contradiction between output ripple, peak current, and conversion efficiency, making it difficult to achieve synergistic optimization of all three through a single control dimension; under long-term operation in a wide temperature range and multiple operating conditions, the thermal balance between pump units is poor, resulting in inconsistent device aging rates and affecting the overall lifespan and reliability of the system; the control logic is tightly coupled with the hardware structure, lacking a universal control framework, and the cost of porting control parameters is high and reusability is poor when the hardware topology or process parameters of the charge pump change. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a control method for a charge pump, the method comprising: acquiring operating parameters of the charge pump, the operating parameters including the charge pump's output current, output ripple characteristics, temperature, and voltage offset, the voltage offset being determined based on the output voltage and a target voltage; comparing the operating parameters with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump; determining a control timing pattern from multiple timing patterns based on the operating parameters; and generating a control signal for the charge pump based on the determined control timing pattern and the current number of effectively participating pump units; wherein, when increasing the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, the current number of effectively participating pump units is the increased number of effectively participating pump units; and when decreasing the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, the current number of effectively participating pump units is the decreased number of effectively participating pump units. As an example, the multiple timing patterns correspond to different switching frequencies or switching phase distributions.

[0005] For example, in this method, the operating parameters are compared with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump. This includes: increasing the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump when any one of the parameters—output current, ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristic, temperature, and voltage offset—exceeds its corresponding threshold in the upper threshold set of the threshold set for a first number of control cycles; and decreasing the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump when all parameters—output current, ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristic, temperature, and voltage offset—are less than their corresponding parameters in the lower threshold set of the threshold set for a second number of control cycles. The first and second numbers are both positive integers. Both increasing and decreasing the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump are constrained by a hysteresis interval and a minimum hold time. When the number of effective participating pump units is within the hysteresis interval, the current number of effective participating pump units remains unchanged, and reverse operation is prohibited during the minimum hold time.

[0006] For example, in this method, the multiple timing modes include a balanced distribution timing mode, a bias distribution timing mode, and an overlapping window mode. The method includes: determining the balanced distribution timing mode as a control timing mode when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating conditions is consistent with the ripple of a pre-specified frequency band; determining the bias distribution timing mode as a control timing mode when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating conditions is inconsistent with the ripple of the pre-specified frequency band; and determining the overlapping window timing mode as a control timing mode when both the temperature and the output current in the operating conditions indicate a heavy load burst.

[0007] According to another aspect of this application, a charge pump control system is also provided. This system includes a detection module for acquiring operating parameters of the charge pump, the operating parameters including the charge pump's output current, output ripple characteristics, temperature, and voltage offset, the voltage offset being determined based on the output voltage and a target voltage; a timing primitive unit for providing timing; a control unit for receiving the operating parameters acquired by the detection module and comparing the operating parameters with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump; for determining a control timing mode from multiple timing modes based on the operating parameters, and accordingly causing the timing primitive unit to output the determined control timing mode; and for generating a control signal for the charge pump based on the determined control timing mode and the current number of effectively participating pump units to control the charge pump. When increasing the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, the current number of effectively participating pump units is the increased number of effectively participating pump units; when decreasing the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, the current number of effectively participating pump units is the decreased number of effectively participating pump units. The various timing modes can correspond to different switching frequencies or switching phase distributions.

[0008] An electronic device is also provided, comprising a memory for storing instructions; and a processor for executing the instructions and implementing any of the methods described herein in the process of executing the instructions.

[0009] A program product is also provided, the program product comprising instructions that, when executed, implement any of the methods described herein. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a control method for a charge pump according to some embodiments of this application.

[0011] Figure 2 This illustrates a time series example under a balanced distribution time series pattern.

[0012] Figure 3 This illustrates a timing example in the biased distributed timing mode.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a timing example of the overlapping window mode.

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charge pump control system according to some embodiments of this application.

[0015] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a controller according to some embodiments of this application.

[0016] Figure 6The process of comparing the state vector S with the threshold set based on some examples is illustrated.

[0017] Figure 7 This illustrates the process of determining the timing pattern for control based on some examples.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working process under the protection rollback mode according to an example of this application.

[0019] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charge pump control system according to some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following detailed description is exemplary only and is not intended to limit the disclosed technology or its application and use. Furthermore, the following detailed description is not bound by any express or implied theory presented in the foregoing technical field, background art, or the following detailed description.

[0021] The following detailed description elucidates many specific details to facilitate a more thorough understanding of the disclosed techniques. However, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can practice the disclosed techniques without these specific details.

[0022] Terms such as "comprising" and "including" indicate that, in addition to the units and steps that are directly and explicitly described in the specification, the technical solution of this application does not exclude the presence of other units and steps that are not directly or explicitly described. Terms such as "first" and "second" do not indicate the order of the units in terms of time, space, size, etc., but are merely used to distinguish the units.

[0023] In the embodiments of this application, "light load," "medium load," and "heavy load" are descriptions of load conditions relative to the rated maximum output current of the charge pump. For example, a condition where the output current is less than 10% of the rated value is called a light load condition, a condition where the output current is close to or reaches the rated value is called a heavy load condition, and a condition in between is called a medium load condition. It should be understood that the above values ​​are only examples, and the specific values ​​can be set according to the actual application scenario.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a control method for a charge pump according to some embodiments of this application, which can be executed by a controller used to control the charge pump.

[0025] In step S100, the operating parameters of the charge pump are obtained. These parameters may include the charge pump's output current, output voltage, output ripple characteristics, charge pump temperature, and voltage offset. The voltage offset is determined based on the output voltage and the target voltage; specifically, it is the difference between the output voltage and the target voltage. The output ripple characteristics include the ripple amplitude and the ripple spectrum distribution. The charge pump temperature refers to the temperature of the pump unit within the charge pump. As an example, the charge pump temperature may also include the temperatures of other discrete components within the charge pump, and in some cases, the temperature of the controller used to control the pump unit.

[0026] Operating parameters of the charge pump can be detected or acquired through a built-in or external detection module. For example, the detection module may include a current detection unit connected to the output path of the charge pump to detect the output current, wherein the current detection unit acquires the output current of the charge pump; a voltage detection unit connected to the output terminal of the charge pump to detect the output voltage; a ripple detection unit connected to the output terminal of the charge pump to detect the output ripple characteristics, including the ripple amplitude and ripple spectrum; and a temperature detection unit integrated inside or near the charge pump to sense temperature. The voltage offset can be calculated by the detection module based on the acquired output voltage and a preset target voltage, or it can be determined by the controller through internal calculations after reading the output voltage.

[0027] In step S102, the operating parameters are compared with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain or adjust the number of active participating pump units in the charge pump. Adjustment may involve increasing or decreasing the number of active participating pump units in the charge pump.

[0028] Specifically, a subset of operating parameters is compared with corresponding thresholds in a threshold set. These operating parameters include output current, ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristics, charge pump temperature, and voltage offset. For example, by comparing these operating parameters with corresponding thresholds in the threshold set, it can be determined whether the expansion and contraction conditions are met, and whether to increase or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump. When any parameter in this subset exceeds its corresponding threshold in the upper threshold set of the threshold set for a first number of control cycles, the expansion condition is met, and an expansion operation is performed, i.e., the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump is increased. When all parameters in this subset are less than their corresponding parameters in the lower threshold set of the threshold set for a second number of control cycles, the contraction condition is met, and a contraction operation is performed, i.e., the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump is decreased. If neither the expansion nor the contraction condition is met, the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump is maintained, i.e., the original number of pump units participating in operation is maintained. Both the first and second numbers are positive integers.

[0029] The threshold set may include an upper threshold set and a lower threshold set, where each threshold element corresponds to an operating condition parameter being compared. For example, when the operating condition parameters include output current, output voltage, voltage offset, and output ripple amplitude, the threshold set correspondingly includes upper and lower thresholds for output current, output voltage, voltage offset, and output ripple amplitude. Each upper threshold belongs to the upper threshold set, and each lower threshold belongs to the lower threshold set. The charge pump includes multiple charge pump units arranged in an array. During charge pump operation, not all charge pump units participate in the operation. In the example of this application, the charge pump units currently actually participating in the charge pump operation are referred to as the effective participating pump units, and their number can be denoted as N_active.

[0030] As an example, the pump unit can be put into operation or stopped by configuring the hardware enable bit corresponding to the charge pump unit, thereby increasing or decreasing the number of effectively participating pump units.

[0031] In step S104, a control timing mode is determined from multiple timing modes based on operating parameters. These multiple timing modes correspond to different switching frequencies or switching phase distributions. Timing control is the core of the charge pump's operation. During charge pump operation, switches within each pump unit are turned on and off according to a specific timing sequence to control the charging and discharging rhythm of the flying capacitor. The timing sequence determines the conduction order, duration, overlap, and switching frequency of each switch on the time axis, directly affecting the charging and discharging rate of the flying capacitor, the smoothness of the output current, and the magnitude of switching losses. The timing sequence directly affects the charging and discharging rate of the flying capacitor, the smoothness of the output current, and the magnitude of switching losses, thus affecting the system's output ripple, peak current, conversion efficiency, and electromagnetic compatibility characteristics.

[0032] According to the examples in this application, several preset timing modes are provided to adapt to optimization objectives under different operating conditions. By way of example, and not limitation, this application may include three timing modes: a balanced distribution timing mode, a bias distribution timing mode, and an overlapping window mode. When the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating parameters matches the ripple of a pre-specified frequency band, the balanced distribution timing mode is determined as the control timing mode; when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating parameters does not match the ripple of the pre-specified frequency band, the bias distribution timing mode is determined as the control timing mode; when the charge pump temperature and output current in the operating parameters both indicate a heavy load burst, the overlapping window timing mode is determined as the control timing mode.

[0033] In the balanced distribution timing mode, the charging and discharging timing of each effective participating pump unit is evenly staggered on the time axis, and the switching events of each unit are equally distributed. The control logic is simple and suitable for medium and low dynamic conditions. Figure 2 The illustration shows a timing example under a balanced distribution timing pattern. In this example, the charge pump includes three active pumping units, with timings A, B, and C each corresponding to one of them. It can be seen that timings A, B, and C are uniformly staggered along the time axis.

[0034] In the bias distribution timing mode, the charging and discharging timing of each effective participating pump unit is staggered on the time axis according to a preset phase offset. By adjusting the bias, the switching spectrum energy is redistributed within a specific frequency band to specifically suppress the output ripple at a specific frequency point. Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a timing example in the bias distribution timing mode. For the three effective pumping units of the charge pump, the timings A, B, and C are staggered on the time axis but not uniformly staggered. For example, the conduction start times are t0, t1, and t2, respectively, and the time interval between adjacent start times is not exactly equal, thus achieving non-uniform staggering.

[0035] In the overlapped window mode, a controlled overlap interval is introduced between adjacent pump units to improve transient power supply. As mentioned above, this mode is only used when both the charge pump temperature and output current indicate a sudden heavy load. According to the example in this application, after adopting the overlapped window mode, the width of the overlapped window is adjusted based on the real-time sampled values ​​of temperature, current, and voltage offset. Furthermore, the width of the overlapped window must not exceed the maximum safe overlapped window width (i.e., the overlapped window width is constrained by the maximum safe overlapped window width), which refers to the maximum duration for which two adjacent switches (or two groups of switches) are allowed to conduct simultaneously during switching. When either the charge pump temperature or the output current triggers a protection threshold, the system switches to a non-overlapping timing mode, which may be a balanced distribution timing mode or a biased distribution timing mode. Figure 4 The diagram illustrates a timing example of the overlapping window mode. For the three active pumping units of the charge pump, timing A and timing B overlap during switching, and timing B and timing C overlap during switching.

[0036] In step S106, a control signal for the charge pump is generated based on the determined control timing pattern and the current number of active participating pump units. Here, the number of active participating pump units increases after an expansion operation, decreases after a contraction operation, and remains unchanged when no adjustment operation is performed. Specifically, if the result determined in step S102 is to maintain the original number of active pump units, then in step S106, the current number of active participating pump units is the maintained original number of active pump units. If the result determined in step S102 is to increase the number of active pump units, then in step S106, the current number of active participating pump units is the increased number of active pump units. If the result determined in step S102 is a reduction operation, then in step S106, the current number of active participating pump units is the reduced number of active pump units.

[0037] According to the example in this application, Figure 1 The charge pump control method described herein acquires multiple operating parameters, such as output current, output voltage, output ripple characteristics, temperature, and voltage offset, to determine whether to adjust the number of effectively participating pump units and, if so, whether to increase or decrease them. Simultaneously, based on the operating parameters, it selects the current timing mode from multiple timing modes corresponding to different switching frequencies or switching phase distributions. Therefore, by considering pump unit quantity adjustment and timing mode selection as two parallel control variables, a drive signal is generated, enabling the charge pump control to have two independent yet jointly effective adjustment methods. Adjusting the number of pump units can adjust the charge pump's output ripple and peak current, while adjusting the timing mode changes the switching frequency or phase distribution, thereby better adjusting the ripple spectrum distribution and switching losses. By combining the number of pump units and the timing mode, and through their mutual cooperation, a multi-objective adaptation state of ripple, peak current, and efficiency can be dynamically achieved according to operating conditions, rather than relying solely on a single control variable to obtain a fixed index matching relationship, thus improving the shortcomings of existing single-control methods in charge pump control.

[0038] According to some embodiments of this application, the method further includes using a rotational method to make pump units in the charge pump active pump units. For example, a corresponding enable mask M_ratate is generated according to the selected rotational method. The rotational method can be fixed priority rotation, isochronous rotation, or balanced rotation based on loss estimation. The enable mask M_ratate is a binary mask, with each bit corresponding to a charge pump unit. Parsing the enable mask M_ratate allows setting the enable bit of each pump unit accordingly. For example, if the mask bit is 1, the corresponding pump unit is scheduled as an active pump unit and put into operation; if the mask bit is 0, the corresponding pump unit is turned off. As an example, the mask M_ratate can be reset after each rotation update.

[0039] When fixed-priority rotation is selected, a mask M_ratate is generated according to a pre-set unit priority order, prioritizing high-priority pump units. During rotation, the mask setting position is switched according to priority order. When isochronous rotation is selected, the rotation time for each pump unit is as equal as possible. Upon reaching the predetermined time, M_ratate is updated, and a new active pump unit is switched. When loss-estimated balanced rotation is selected, pump units with lower cumulative losses are prioritized based on historical loss estimates for each pump unit. M_ratate is updated according to this rule to achieve load balancing.

[0040] It should be noted that the total number of bits set to 1 in the mask M_ratate is equal to the total number of charge pump units Nactive that are effectively engaged in the charge pump. Conversely, if setting bits to 0 makes a charge pump unit active, then the total number of bits set to 0 is equal to the total number of charge pump units Nactive that are effectively engaged in the charge pump.

[0041] According to some embodiments of this application, the control method for a charge pump may further include forming a state vector based on the operating parameters of the charge pump, for example, after filtering and normalizing the detected signals, a state vector S is formed. Correspondingly, the threshold set may include an upper threshold set and a lower threshold set, wherein each threshold element corresponds to a parameter in the state vector. For example, when the state vector includes output current, output voltage, voltage offset, and the ripple amplitude of the output ripple characteristic, the threshold set correspondingly includes upper and lower thresholds for output current, upper and lower thresholds for output voltage, upper and lower thresholds for voltage offset, and upper and lower thresholds for output ripple amplitude. Each upper threshold belongs to the upper threshold set, and each lower threshold belongs to the lower threshold set. By way of example, and not limitation, the above description is combined with... Figure 1 The comparison between the operating parameters described in each step and the threshold set can be achieved by comparing each element in the state vector with the corresponding threshold in the threshold set. When the state vector S includes the ripple spectrum of the output ripple characteristics, the control timing mode can be determined from multiple timing modes based on the operating parameters, or it can be determined based on the ripple spectrum, temperature, and output current in the output ripple characteristics of the state vector.

[0042] In some examples below, the operating condition parameters form the state vector. When using the operating condition parameters and the parameters in the operating condition parameters, the state vector and the elements in the state vector will be used as examples.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a charge pump control system according to some embodiments of this application. The charge pump control system includes a charge pump 50 and a controller 52. In this example, the charge pump 50 includes, for example, six charge pump units, namely unit U1, unit U2, unit U3, unit U4, unit U5, and unit U6. The following description, in conjunction with... Figure 5The control method for a charge pump according to embodiments of this application is further described.

[0044] For example, when charge pump 50 is operating, charge pump units U1, U2, and U3 are the active pumping units, meaning that the other three charge pump units U4, U5, and U6 are not active. At the output of charge pump 50, a voltage detection unit with a detection module 53 detects the output voltage of charge pump 50; a ripple detection unit detects the output ripple characteristics, including ripple amplitude and ripple spectrum; a current detection unit detects the output current; and a temperature detection unit located within or near charge pump 50 detects the temperature. In this example, detection module 53 calculates the voltage offset based on the output voltage and the target voltage of the charge pump control system. After filtering and normalizing the signals detected by detection module 53, a state vector S is formed. For example, but not limited to, state vector S may include five parameters (i.e., four elements): output current, output ripple amplitude, output ripple frequency, voltage offset, and temperature. Controller 52 compares a subset of elements in state vector S with a threshold set, which includes output current, output ripple amplitude, voltage offset, and temperature. The threshold set includes an upper threshold set and a lower threshold set. The upper threshold set includes upper thresholds for output current, output ripple amplitude, voltage offset, and temperature; the lower threshold set includes lower thresholds for output current, output ripple amplitude, voltage offset, and temperature.

[0045] The controller 52 is configured with an enable mask, which is a 6-bit binary mask. Each bit of the mask corresponds one-to-one with one of the six charge pump units. For example, bit 0 corresponds to U1, bit 1 to U2, bit 2 to U3, bit 3 to U4, bit 4 to U5, and bit 5 to U6. The controller 52 calculates and generates the mask based on the target number of effective pump units using a preset rotation method. In this example, a mask bit of 1 indicates that the corresponding charge pump unit needs to be enabled and participates in the operation as an effective pump unit; a mask bit of 0 indicates that the corresponding pump unit is turned off and does not participate in the operation.

[0046] Figure 5a The controller 52 according to some embodiments of this application (see...) Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of ( ). It should be noted that, Figure 5a only Figure 5 The controller 52 shown is an example, not a limitation.

[0047] like Figure 5aAs shown, the controller 52 includes a timing primitive unit 520, a first unit 521, a second unit 522, and a decision unit 523. The timing primitive unit 520 is used to provide timing, and it may be the clock module of the controller 52. As an example, the timing primitive unit 520 includes a delay chain, a delay-locked loop, a phase-locked loop divider, a phase interpolator, a lookup table, or a combination thereof.

[0048] The first unit 520 compares a subset of the operating parameters with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of active pump units in the charge pump. These parameters include, for example, output current, output ripple amplitude, voltage offset, and temperature. Specifically, when any one of the parameters—output current, ripple amplitude, temperature, or voltage offset—exceeds its corresponding threshold in the upper threshold set of the threshold set for a first number of control cycles, the first unit 521 determines to perform an expansion operation, increasing the number of active pump units in the charge pump. When all parameters—output current, ripple amplitude, temperature, or voltage offset—are less than their corresponding parameters in the lower threshold set of the threshold set for a second number of control cycles, the first unit 521 determines to perform a contraction operation, decreasing the number of active pump units in the charge pump. Both the first and second numbers are positive integers. Increasing or decreasing the number of effective participating pump units in a charge pump is constrained by the hysteresis interval and the minimum hold time. When the number of effective participating pump units is within the hysteresis interval, the current number of effective participating pump units remains unchanged. Reverse operation is prohibited during the minimum hold time.

[0049] The various timing modes include a balanced distribution timing mode, a bias distribution timing mode, and an overlapping window mode. The second unit 522 is configured to determine the balanced distribution timing mode as the control timing mode when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating parameters matches the ripple of a pre-specified frequency band; to determine the bias distribution timing mode as the control timing mode when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating parameters does not match the ripple of the pre-specified frequency band; and to determine the overlapping window timing mode as the control timing mode when both the temperature and the output current in the operating parameters indicate a heavy load burst.

[0050] The decision unit 523 is used to generate a control signal for the charge pump based on the determined control timing pattern and the number of currently active participating pump units, so as to control the charge pump.

[0051] Figure 5a The controller shown can be used to execute the steps and functions performed by the controller in the various embodiments of this application, which will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the comparison process between partial elements of the state vector S and a threshold set, based on some examples. In step S600, the controller 52, receiving the state vector S, compares the output current, output ripple amplitude, output ripple frequency, voltage offset, and temperature in the state vector S with the corresponding thresholds in the threshold set. Specifically, each element in that partial state vector S is compared with its corresponding threshold in the upper and lower threshold sets. If the comparison result indicates that the expansion condition is met, proceed to step S610. If the comparison result indicates that the contraction condition is met, proceed to step S612. Otherwise, if neither the expansion nor the contraction condition is met, proceed to step S611.

[0053] If any element in the state vector S exceeds its corresponding threshold in the upper threshold set of the threshold set, and this condition persists for a first number of control cycles (e.g., N1 cycles), then the expansion condition is satisfied. For example, if the temperature of any element in the state vector S exceeds the temperature threshold in the upper threshold set, and this state of exceeding the temperature threshold persists for N1 cycles, then the expansion condition is satisfied. If all elements in the state vector S are less than their corresponding thresholds in the lower threshold set of the threshold set, and this condition persists for a second number of control cycles (e.g., N2 cycles), then the contraction condition is satisfied. For example, if the temperature in the state vector S is less than the temperature threshold in the lower threshold set, and the output current, output ripple amplitude, and voltage offset are less than the output current threshold, ripple amplitude threshold, and voltage offset threshold in the lower threshold set, respectively, and this state persists for N2 cycles, then the contraction condition is satisfied. In the example of this application, the first number N1 and the second number N2 are both positive integers and can be different or the same.

[0054] In step S610, the number of active participating pump units is determined, for example, by adding one unit to the current active participating pump units, such as unit U4 as an active participating pump unit. Exemplarily, when performing the expansion operation, one pump unit can be added as an active participating pump unit each time, and the total number of active participating pump units after the addition does not exceed the maximum number of working units allowed by the charge pump (i.e., N_active ≤ N_active,max).

[0055] In step S611, it is determined that the current active participating pump units of the charge pump 50 should be maintained, for example, the charge pump units U1, U2 and U3 should be maintained unchanged.

[0056] In step S612, it is determined to reduce the number of active participating pump units, for example, by reducing one unit, such as removing unit U3 from the active participating pump units so that it does not participate in operation. Exemplarily, during the contraction operation, one active participating pump unit can be reduced each time, and the total number of active participating pump units after the reduction is not less than the minimum number of working units allowed by the charge pump (i.e., N_active ≥ N_active,min).

[0057] According to the example in this application, both the expansion operation of increasing the effective participation pump unit and the contraction operation of decreasing the effective participation pump unit are constrained by the hysteresis interval and the minimum hold time. During the hysteresis interval, the current control parameters remain unchanged; during the minimum hold time, reverse operations are prohibited. That is, if an expansion operation has just been performed, a contraction operation cannot be performed within the minimum hold time, thereby avoiding the ping-pong effect. In short, the determination of expansion and contraction conditions is constrained by the hysteresis interval and the minimum hold time.

[0058] The hysteresis interval is formed by the difference between the upper threshold set and the lower threshold set. When the parameters in the state vector S are within this hysteresis interval, that is, when neither the expansion condition nor the contraction condition is met, the controller 52 keeps the current control parameters unchanged and does not perform any adjustment operation. In other words, the operating parameters need to cross the threshold in the corresponding direction to trigger a state switch; fluctuations in parameters within the hysteresis interval will not cause control action, thereby suppressing control jitter caused by repeated crossings of parameters near the threshold.

[0059] In this example, the minimum hold time refers to a period of time after the controller performs an expansion or contraction operation during which an adjustment operation opposite to the direction of that operation is prohibited. For example, after performing an expansion operation to increase the number of effectively participating pump units, the controller will not perform a contraction operation within the minimum hold time, even if the parameters in the state vector meet the contraction condition. This constraint is used to prevent frequent switching between expansion and contraction of the system due to instantaneous load fluctuations, thereby improving the stability of the control process.

[0060] The hysteresis interval and minimum hold time provide dual disturbance rejection protection at the amplitude and time levels, respectively. The hysteresis interval is used to suppress malfunctions caused by small numerical disturbances in the state vector near the threshold boundary; the minimum hold time is used to prevent the system from immediately performing a reverse adjustment after completing an adjustment. The two are independent of each other and work together to effectively suppress frequent switching between expansion and contraction, improving control stability under dynamic conditions.

[0061] Regarding timing modes, as described above, the embodiments of this application may include three types: balanced distribution timing mode, biased distribution timing mode, and overlapping window mode. As an example, a timing mode to be used can be selected from multiple timing modes based on operating condition parameters. In the examples below, the timing mode to be used is selected from multiple timing modes based on the state vector formed by the operating condition parameters.

[0062] Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the process of determining the timing pattern for control based on some examples. In step S700, the controller 52 compares the operating parameters with preset timing pattern selection conditions. If the operating parameters form a state vector, some elements (i.e., some parameters) in the state vector S are compared with the preset timing pattern selection conditions. The preset timing pattern selection conditions include offset distribution timing pattern conditions and overlapping window timing pattern conditions.

[0063] When the bias distribution timing mode condition is met, the process proceeds to step S710, whereby the bias distribution timing mode is determined as the control timing mode. For example, when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the determined state vector is inconsistent with a pre-specified frequency band, the bias distribution timing mode condition is met, and the bias distribution timing mode is determined to be used as the control timing mode. By adjusting the phase offset, the ripple generated by each charge pump unit is partially canceled or its spectral energy is redistributed in a specific frequency band to specifically suppress the output ripple in the preset frequency band.

[0064] When the overlapping window timing mode condition is met, the process proceeds to step S712, whereby the overlapping window timing mode is determined as the control timing mode. For example, the overlapping window timing mode condition is met when both the temperature and the output current in the state vector represent a sudden heavy load event.

[0065] If neither the paranoid distribution timing pattern condition nor the overlapping window timing pattern condition is met, then the balanced distribution timing pattern condition is considered to be met, and step S711 is executed, using the balanced distribution timing pattern as the control timing pattern.

[0066] Simultaneously refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 Controller 52 will, according to Figure 7 The determined control uses a timing pattern and the current number of actively participating pump units to generate control signals, wherein the current number of actively participating pump units is based on... Figure 6 The determined scenario is either maintaining the current number of effective participating pump units, expanding the number of effective participating pump units, or shrinking the number of effective participating pump units. For example, if... Figure 7 The determined result is that a balanced distribution time series model should be adopted. Figure 6If the determination result is to increase the number of effective participating pump units, then the controller 52 will perform timing control on the effective participating pump units after the expansion operation (for example, U4 is added, and the effective participating pump units change to U1, U2, U3 and U4) in a balanced distribution timing mode.

[0067] It should be understood that controller 50, in combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 After the determination result generates a control signal, the charge pump will operate accordingly. During the charge pump's operation, the detection module 53 continuously monitors the operating parameters and transmits them back to the controller 52. In this example, the controller 52 uses the newly acquired operating parameters to form an updated state vector, or in other words, updates the state vector. Then, execution is repeated... Figure 6 The steps involve determining whether to adjust the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump unit, and if so, whether to perform an expansion or contraction operation. Meanwhile, the process continues... Figure 7 Back Figure 7 According to the example of this application, during the process of using the biased distributed timing mode in the control timing mode, if the output ripple is inconsistent with the ripple of the pre-specified frequency band, the biased distributed timing mode can be exited, for example, returning to the timing of the balanced distributed timing mode, or according to... Figure 7 The system enters the corresponding timing mode based on the judgment of the situation. During the control timing mode using the bias distribution timing mode, if the charge pump temperature exceeds the temperature protection threshold or the output voltage deviation exceeds the deviation protection threshold, the current timing control is exited, and a conservative timing control table is switched to. In the example of this application, various timing modes are pre-calibrated for different operating conditions to optimize the charge pump output performance. Among them, the balanced distribution timing mode, the bias distribution timing mode, and the overlapping window mode can all be classified as timing control tables under normal operating conditions. In addition to the timing control table under normal operating conditions, according to the example of this application, a conservative timing control table can also be set to deal with abnormal operating conditions, such as the temperature exceeding the temperature protection threshold (temperature exceeding limits). The timing corresponding to the conservative timing control table first ensures system safety.

[0068] Still refer to Figure 7 During the control timing mode using the overlapping window mode, if any change in temperature, output current, or voltage offset no longer indicates a heavy load, then the overlapping window mode is exited. As an example, it can exit to the window before the overlapping window mode or according to... Figure 7 The system will re-evaluate and enter the corresponding mode. During the control timing mode using the overlapping window mode, if the charge pump temperature exceeds the temperature protection threshold or the output voltage deviation exceeds the deviation protection threshold, the current timing control will exit and switch to a conservative timing control table.

[0069] It should be noted that the conservative timing control table is a timing control table that can be used in the protection backoff working mode described below in this application, and switching to the conservative timing control table can also be regarded as an example of switching the protection backoff mode.

[0070] The control method according to some embodiments of this application further includes monitoring the temperature of the charge pump, the output current, the output voltage, and the timing status during operation of multiple timing modes. A rollback process is triggered when any one of the temperature, output current, output voltage, or timing status meets a corresponding protection condition. Specifically, the rollback process is triggered when any of the following occurs: the temperature exceeds the limit, the output current exceeds the limit, the output voltage is undervoltage or overvoltage, or a timing anomaly occurs. An abnormal timing status includes, for example, timing element lockout, ripple degradation exceeding a threshold, or failure to switch timing modes when the control signal indicates that a switching timing mode should be performed.

[0071] Timing primitives are the most fundamental timing units in a charge pump control system, serving as the time reference for generating the timing waveforms, overlap windows, and phase relationships of all pump units. Timing primitive loss of lock can occur when the timing beats become misaligned with the expected reference beats, resulting in offsets in phase, period, timing boundaries, etc. For example, timing primitives can be implemented using delay chains (DL), delay-locked loops (DLLs), phase-locked loops (PLLs) with frequency division, phase interpolators, lookup tables, or combinations thereof, all configured in the controller.

[0072] The rollback process includes freezing and saving scheduling parameters, entering a safe mode, and after the anomaly is resolved and the state after the anomaly is resolved persists for a preset duration, restoring the scheduling parameters to their pre-freeze state according to a controlled slope. Scheduling parameters include the number of active participating pump units, the control timing mode, the enable mask, and the switching overlap time when the control timing mode is an overlapped window mode. Specifically, when the rollback process is triggered, the controller 52 locks the currently used set of scheduling parameters, preventing them from being updated with the control logic, and saves them. Locking can include methods such as capturing or snapshotting, but it does not stop the controller 52 from operating. For example, when the rollback process is triggered, the current actual operating values ​​of the number of active participating pump units, the control timing mode, the enable mask, and the switching overlap time when the control timing mode is an overlapped window mode are immediately captured, their updates are paused, and the current actual operating values ​​are saved. After the parameter freezing and saving are completed, the controller loads a predefined set of safe parameters, and the system enters safe mode operation. When controller 50 determines that the anomaly has been resolved, and the anomaly-resolved state has been maintained for a preset duration, such as three control cycles, a recovery process is executed. The recovery process may include careful adjustment of scheduling parameters according to a controlled slope rule. For example, in each control cycle, the absolute change in the number of effectively participating pump units does not exceed one, including adding or removing one; and in the case of the switching overlap time Woverlap parameter, the change in this parameter does not exceed the maximum overlap time Wmaxoverlap each time.

[0073] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working process under the protection fallback mode, based on an example of this application. For example... Figure 8As shown, at S0, the charge pump system is operating normally. Temperature, voltage, and output current are continuously monitored during charge pump operation. When the charge pump temperature exceeds the temperature protection threshold (Temp>Talarm), the process proceeds to S1. In S1, over-temperature derating is performed, for example, reducing the charge pump's power consumption to lower the temperature. If the temperature loop is below the temperature protection threshold after over-temperature derating, the system can directly return to S0 to continue normal operation. If the temperature is still above the shutdown temperature threshold (Temp>Tshutdown) after over-temperature derating, the process proceeds to step S2 to perform over-temperature shutdown and then to S6. For a normally operating charge pump, when the output current exceeds the current protection threshold (I>Imax), the process proceeds to step S3 to perform overcurrent limiting, and then to S6. For a normally operating charge pump, when the output voltage exceeds the voltage protection range boundary threshold, the process proceeds to S4 to perform overvoltage or undervoltage protection, and then to S6. The system operates normally when the output voltage falls within the voltage protection range; if it is below the lower boundary of the voltage protection range, it indicates undervoltage; if it is above the upper boundary of the voltage protection range, it indicates overvoltage. For a normally operating charge pump, if an abnormality occurs in the timing control, the system enters S5, causing the control timing to revert, and then enters S6. In S6, the current scheduling state is saved. After S6, the system enters S7 and switches to the safety mode. In the S7 safety mode, the system continuously monitors the operating conditions. When it determines that the abnormality has been cleared, it resumes normal operation and jumps back to S0.

[0074] It should be noted that, Figure 8 This is a simplified diagram of the protection rollback mode. In actual processing, the rollback process may include more processing or reduce some processing. For example, in Figure 8 In the example shown, S3, S4, and S5 are fault responses in this case. Once triggered, the current state is saved and the system enters safe mode. In other alternative embodiments, processing can also be added after successful processing. For example, after processing is completed and the anomaly is eliminated, the system can directly return to S0 without entering safe mode.

[0075] According to the embodiments of this application, controllable intervention methods such as over-temperature derating, over-current limiting, and timing rollback are adopted; hardware shutdown is performed when the temperature continues to deteriorate; after a fault is triggered, the scheduling context is saved and then switched to safe mode; after the anomaly is eliminated, normal operation is automatically restored, thereby improving the reliability of the charge pump under complex operating conditions.

[0076] According to an example of this application, a charge pump control system is also provided. The system includes a controller connected to the charge pump. The controller is configured to perform any of the methods described herein. The charge pump control system also includes a detection module for detecting the output of the charge pump to obtain operating parameters of the charge pump. The detection module includes, for example, a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit, and a ripple detection unit.

[0077] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a charge pump control system according to some embodiments of this application. As shown, the system includes a detection module 90, a timing unit 91, and a control unit 92. The detection module 90 acquires operating parameters of the charge pump (not shown), including the output current, output ripple characteristics, temperature, and voltage offset of the charge pump. The voltage offset is determined based on the output voltage and the target voltage. The detection module 90 may include a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit, and a ripple detection unit.

[0078] Timing primitive unit 91 provides timing, including timing for controlling the charge pump under the action of control unit 92, and may also provide timing for the operation of other devices. As an example, timing primitive unit 91 includes a delay chain, a delay-locked loop, a phase-locked loop divider, a phase interpolator, a lookup table, or a combination thereof. In some examples, timing primitive unit 91 may be integrated with control unit 92 or belong to the same component. For example, controller 900 includes timing primitive unit 91 and control unit 92, wherein timing primitive unit 91 may be the clock module of the controller.

[0079] The control unit 92 is configured to compare operating parameters with a set of thresholds to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump; determine a control timing pattern from multiple timing patterns based on the operating parameters; and accordingly, cause the timing primitive unit 91 to output the determined control timing pattern; and generate a control signal for the charge pump based on the determined control timing pattern and the current number of effectively participating pump units to control the charge pump. When increasing the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, the current number of effectively participating pump units is the increased number; when decreasing the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, the current number of effectively participating pump units is the decreased number. For example, the multiple timing patterns correspond to different switching frequencies or switching phase distributions.

[0080] As an example, the control unit 92 can compare some parameters in the operating condition parameters with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of active participating pump units in the charge pump. These parameters include, for example, output current, output ripple amplitude, voltage offset, and temperature. Specifically, when any one of the parameters—output current, ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristics, temperature, or voltage offset—exceeds its corresponding threshold in the upper threshold set of the threshold set for a first number of control cycles, an expansion operation is determined, increasing the number of active participating pump units in the charge pump. When all parameters—output current, ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristics, temperature, or voltage offset—are less than their corresponding parameters in the lower threshold set of the threshold set for a second number of control cycles, a contraction operation is determined, decreasing the number of active participating pump units in the charge pump. Both the first and second numbers are positive integers. Increasing and decreasing the number of active participating pump units in the charge pump are constrained by a hysteresis interval and a minimum hold time. When the number of active participating pump units is within the hysteresis interval, the current number of active participating pump units remains unchanged, and reverse operation is prohibited during the minimum hold time.

[0081] Multiple timing modes include a balanced distribution timing mode, a bias distribution timing mode, and an overlapping window mode. The control unit 91 is further configured to: determine the balanced distribution timing mode as the control timing mode when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating parameters matches the ripple of a pre-specified frequency band; determine the bias distribution timing mode as the control timing mode when the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating parameters does not match the ripple of the pre-specified frequency band; and determine the overlapping window timing mode as the control timing mode when both the temperature and the output current in the operating parameters indicate a heavy load burst.

[0082] The control unit 91 can also generate a control signal for the charge pump based on the determined control timing pattern and the number of currently active participating pump units, so as to control the charge pump.

[0083] Figure 9 The charge pump control system shown can be used to execute the charge pump control methods in the various embodiments of this application. The examples described above in conjunction with the charge pump control methods can all be executed by this charge pump control system. For example, Figure 9 The detection module in the charge pump control system shown executes the steps and processes described above in conjunction with the charge pump control method, as well as the steps and processes executed by the control unit 92, such as those executed by the controller, etc., which will not be elaborated on one by one.

[0084] In various examples of this application, the current detection unit includes, for example, a current sensor or a current sampling circuit; the temperature detection unit includes, for example, a temperature sensor; the voltage detection unit includes, for example, a voltage sensor or a voltage sampling circuit; and the ripple detection unit includes, for example, a DC blocking capacitor and an amplification circuit connected in series at the output terminal of the charge pump. The DC blocking capacitor is used to filter out the DC component in the output voltage to obtain an AC ripple signal, and the amplification circuit is used to amplify the AC ripple signal to a preset amplitude range before sending it to the analog-to-digital converter.

[0085] According to examples of this application, an electronic device is also included, comprising a memory and a controller. The memory stores instructions, and the processor executes the instructions and, during execution, implements the control method for the charge pump described herein. This electronic device is, for example,... Figure 5 The controller in the system.

[0086] According to examples of this application, a program product is also included, which includes a memory and a controller, the memory for storing instructions, and the processor for executing the instructions and implementing the control method for the charge pump described herein during execution.

[0087] In various embodiments of this application, the controller can be implemented by digital logic circuits, such as the internal hardware logic of an FPGA or ASIC; it can also be implemented in conjunction with analog auxiliary circuits, such as analog comparators, reference sources, and other auxiliary signal conditioning circuits; or it can be implemented using a hardware-software co-processing approach, where a microprocessor or MCU executes software programs in conjunction with hardware logic circuits to jointly complete all or part of the functions such as scheduling, timing generation, fault diagnosis, and rollback processing. The charge pump topology is, for example, a voltage multiplier topology, a segmented flying capacitor topology, or other types of flying capacitor charge pump topologies. Combined with... Figure 9 The control unit described can be implemented by a controller.

[0088] According to the embodiments of this application, for application scenarios with dynamically changing loads, the parallel parameters such as effective pump units and timing phase are adjusted in a coordinated manner, resulting in considerable improvement in output ripple and peak current, which can better adapt to load fluctuation conditions. The introduction of hysteresis logic and hold-time constraint mechanisms avoids frequent adjustments to control parameters, effectively reducing system control jitter and minimizing stability risks caused by frequent switching of operating modes and scheduling parameters. Furthermore, the use of modular timing (e.g., balanced distributed timing mode, biased distributed timing mode, etc.) and phase as one of the configurable programming parameters broadens the adjustment freedom of the control system, improving the adjustability between light / medium load efficiency and heavy load power supply; combined with the rotating scheduling of pump units, it is beneficial to achieve thermal balance among units and improve the consistency of device lifespan.

[0089] Furthermore, according to the embodiments of this application, the pump unit rotation scheduling rules, multi-parameter closed-loop adjustment logic, anomaly detection rollback processing flow, and patterned timing orchestration rules are all independent of the charge pump hardware topology. This means that when changing to different topologies (e.g., Dickson voltage multiplier topology, segmented flying capacitor topology), or changing the total number of pump units, only the configuration parameters of the underlying adaptation layer and the hardware mapping relationship related to timing primitives need to be modified. The upper-level control algorithm, scheduling strategy, and fault rollback logic do not need to be modified. Therefore, the control system of this application is highly decoupled from the specific topology of the charge pump, does not depend on a specific hardware topology, is easy to port and reuse, and has good versatility.

[0090] Where there is no conflict, the above examples can be combined to form new implementation methods. Although specific embodiments of this application have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the principles of this application, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in other ways without departing from such principles.

Claims

1. A control method for a charge pump, characterized in that, The method includes: The operating parameters of the charge pump are obtained, including the output current, output ripple characteristics, temperature, and voltage offset of the charge pump, wherein the voltage offset is determined based on the output voltage and the target voltage. The operating parameters are compared with a set of thresholds to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump. Based on the operating parameters, a control timing mode is determined from multiple timing modes; Based on the determined control timing pattern and the current number of active pump units, a control signal for the charge pump is generated. Specifically, when the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump is increased, the current number of effective participating pump units is the increased number of effective participating pump units; when the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump is decreased, the current number of effective participating pump units is the decreased number of effective participating pump units.

2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating parameters are compared with a threshold set to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump, including: When any one of the parameters, namely the output current, the ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristic, the temperature, or the voltage offset, exceeds its corresponding threshold in the upper threshold set of the threshold set and continues for a first number of control cycles, the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump is increased. When all parameters of the output current, the ripple amplitude in the output ripple characteristics, the temperature, and the voltage offset are less than their corresponding parameters in the lower threshold set of the threshold set and this continues for a second number of control cycles, the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump is reduced. Wherein, both the first quantity and the second quantity are positive integers; The number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump and the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump are both constrained by the hysteresis interval and the minimum holding time. When the number of effective participating pump units is in the hysteresis interval, the current number of effective participating pump units remains unchanged, and the reverse operation is prohibited during the minimum holding time.

3. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating condition parameters is consistent with the ripple of a pre-specified frequency band, the balanced distribution timing mode among the multiple timing modes is used as the control timing mode.

4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the ripple spectrum in the output ripple characteristics of the operating condition parameters is inconsistent with the ripple of the pre-specified frequency band, the offset distribution timing mode among the multiple timing modes is used as the control timing mode.

5. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When both the temperature and the output current in the operating parameters indicate the occurrence of a heavy load surge, the overlapping window timing mode among the various timing modes is used as the control timing mode.

6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes rotating the pump units in the charge pump as active pump units.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotation method is selected from the following: fixed priority rotation, equal-time rotation, and balanced rotation based on loss estimation.

8. The control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotation method is implemented through an enable mask, which is a binary mask corresponding to the pump unit of the charge pump. The mask is updated according to the selected rotation method, and the enable bit of each pump unit is set according to the enable mask.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method further includes: The temperature of the charge pump, the output current, the output voltage, and the timing status during operation in various timing modes are monitored. When any one of the temperature, the output current, the output voltage, and the timing state meets the corresponding protection condition, the rollback process is triggered.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rollback process includes: Freeze and save the scheduling parameters; Enter safe mode; After the anomaly is resolved and the state after the anomaly is resolved persists for a preset period of time, the recovery process is executed. The scheduling parameters include the number of active participating pump units, the control timing mode, the enable mask, and the switching overlap time when the control timing mode is an overlap window mode.

11. The control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The recovery process includes restoring the scheduling parameters to their pre-freeze state according to a controlled slope, specifically including: In each control cycle, the absolute change in the number of pump units effectively involved does not exceed one, including adding one or reducing one; Each change in the switch overlap time does not exceed the maximum overlap time.

12. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The timing state satisfies the corresponding protection condition when any of the following occurs: timing primitives are unlocked, ripple deterioration exceeds a threshold, or the timing mode fails to switch within a timeout period when the control signal indicates that the timing mode should be switched.

13. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The method further includes forming the operating condition parameters into a state vector and comparing the state vector with the threshold set.

14. A charge pump control system, characterized in that, The system includes: The detection module is used to acquire the operating parameters of the charge pump, including the output current, output ripple characteristics, temperature, and voltage offset of the charge pump, wherein the voltage offset is determined based on the output voltage and the target voltage. Timing primitives are used to provide timing information; The control unit is used to receive the operating condition parameters acquired by the detection module, and the controller is configured to perform the following operations: The operating parameters are compared with a set of thresholds to determine whether to maintain, increase, or decrease the number of effectively participating pump units in the charge pump. Based on the operating parameters, the control timing mode is determined from multiple timing modes, and the timing primitive unit outputs the determined control timing mode accordingly. Based on the determined control timing pattern and the current number of active participating pump units, a control signal is generated for the charge pump to control the charge pump. Specifically, when the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump is increased, the current number of effective participating pump units is the increased number of effective participating pump units; when the number of effective participating pump units in the charge pump is decreased, the current number of effective participating pump units is the decreased number of effective participating pump units.

15. The charge pump control system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The detection module includes a current detection unit, a voltage detection unit, a temperature detection unit, and a ripple detection unit.

16. The charge pump control system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The timing primitive unit includes a delay chain, a delay-locked loop, a phase-locked loop frequency divider, a phase interpolator, a lookup table, or a combination thereof.

17. The charge pump control system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The control unit is further configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 2 to 13.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, used to store instructions; A processor for executing the instructions and, in the process of executing the instructions, implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

19. The electronic device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The electronic device is a controller for controlling the charge pump.

20. A program product, characterized in that, The program product includes instructions that, when executed, implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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