Quickly assembled solar photovoltaic panel assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of solar photovoltaic panel assemblies of quick assembly, belong to solar photovoltaic technical field.It includes photovoltaic panel group, locking structure, circuit control structure and linkage component;Photovoltaic panel group is fixed with toothed plate, and is engaged with the toothed roller of locking structure when pressing down;Linkage component is suitable for with the axial sliding of locking structure transmission shaft, triggers the energization of electromagnetic assembly of circuit control structure.The application realizes quick installation by transmission shaft sliding lock, and synchronously triggers electromagnetic assembly drive control slider translation, so that photovoltaic panel is connected into loop in series;When photovoltaic panel fails and loses power, control slider is automatically reset by internal elastic force, and uses spare contact to re-dock to form cross bypass.The application uses structure isolation fault, effectively avoids the branch stop of diode thermal stress failure, and simultaneously eliminates complicated bolt disassembly, realizes the quick separation and replacement of single block fault component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and more particularly to solar photovoltaic panel modules that can be assembled quickly. Background Technology

[0002] In solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems, to match the inverter's rated input withstand voltage limit and prevent voltage superposition from causing inverter breakdown due to multiple modules connected in series, a specific number of PV panels are typically arranged and wired as a basic series unit. In actual outdoor operating environments, PV panel surfaces are prone to localized shading from bird droppings, fallen leaves, or accumulated dust. This localized shading causes the cells in the shaded area to transform from power source to load, generating reverse leakage current and heat, thus creating a hot spot effect. As heat accumulates, it not only accelerates the aging and delamination of the EVA film and causes thermal damage to the backsheet, but also reduces the overall power generation efficiency of the connected branch due to the bottleneck effect.

[0003] Currently, most existing photovoltaic (PV) panel array installation and hot spot prevention solutions employ a structure that combines mechanical clamping blocks with junction boxes and electronic bypass diodes. For example, common distributed PV module installation structures primarily use aluminum alloy center and edge clamping blocks at the edges of adjacent PV panels, along with bolts, to secure them to the bottom support rails. Electrical connections rely on the junction box on the back of the PV panel, where external extension cables are manually plugged in using built-in MC4 male and female connectors. A bypass diode is encapsulated within the junction box to electronically bypass current during shading.

[0004] However, existing systems have significant structural limitations in addressing faults caused by partial shading and subsequent maintenance. Specifically, when a photovoltaic (PV) panel suffers from persistent high-temperature hotspots due to partial shading, the bypass diodes in traditional junction boxes are at risk of thermal stress failure under long-term high-temperature accumulation, leading to an internal open circuit in the PV panel. Since PV panels are typically connected to branches in series in the array, an open circuit in a single PV panel node causes the entire branch to lose power and stop generating electricity, affecting the overall power generation efficiency of the system. Furthermore, when repairing or replacing damaged PV panels after the aforementioned faults occur, existing PV panels are mostly tightly secured with bolts and clamps around their perimeter, and the electrical cables on the back are crisscrossed and connected in series. This results in a large workload for maintenance personnel to mechanically disassemble and untie the cables on-site, making it difficult to quickly separate and replace individual components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module designed to solve the technical problems of existing photovoltaic panels causing the entire series branch to stop generating power due to hot spot failures, and the difficulty in quickly disassembling and replacing faulty components due to traditional bolt fixing and cable connection methods.

[0006] The present invention employs the following technical solution: a rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module. It includes a photovoltaic panel assembly, on which a toothed plate is fixed. The locking structure has a drive shaft suitable for axial sliding and a toothed roller disposed on the drive shaft, wherein the toothed plate is adapted to mesh with the toothed roller when pressed down; The circuit control structure includes a control base, a control slider embedded in the control base, and an electromagnetic component connected to the control slider. A linkage component, connected between the drive shaft and the circuit control structure, is adapted to slide along the axial direction of the drive shaft to trigger the electromagnetic component to be energized; The control base is provided with a main contact, the control slider has a spare contact that is electrically connected to each other, and the control slider is fitted with a first contact and a second contact that are electrically connected to the inside of the photovoltaic panel assembly. The control slider can slide on the control base to switch between the initial reset position and the set work station; The control slider is held in the initial reset position by internal elastic force. In the initial reset position, the spare contact is in contact with the main contact to form a bridging bypass. When the electromagnetic component is energized, it is adapted to drive the control slider to move to the set position. At the set position, the spare contact and the main contact are misaligned and separated, and the first contact, the second contact and the main contact are in contact to form a series circuit.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention, by setting a toothed plate on the photovoltaic panel assembly and cooperating with a locking structure having a drive shaft and toothed rollers, enables the photovoltaic panel to achieve mechanical engagement when it is pressed downwards. The axial sliding of the drive shaft completes the locking and positioning, replacing the traditional tight bolt clamping, and simplifying the mechanical disassembly and installation process of a single component. At the same time, the axial sliding of the drive shaft triggers an electromagnetic component through a linkage component. The electromagnetic component is energized and drives the control slider to move to a set position, so that the first and second contacts connect with the main contact to form a series circuit. This achieves synchronous linkage between mechanical locking and circuit conduction, eliminating the need for complicated on-site wiring untying and manual connection work.

[0008] By utilizing a control slider maintained by internal elasticity to establish a bypass switching mechanism, when a photovoltaic panel loses power due to partial shading, the electromagnetic component loses its driving force. Under the action of internal elasticity, the control slider automatically slides back to the initial reset position, and re-forms a cross-connection bypass by connecting the backup contact with the main contact. This isolates the fault node by switching contacts, effectively avoiding the problem of power outage of the entire branch caused by thermal stress failure of traditional bypass diodes under long-term high temperature. This not only ensures the overall power generation efficiency of the branch and the system, but also provides a convenient structural basis for subsequent rapid separation and replacement maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0010] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module in this application.

[0011] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Exploded view.

[0012] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial structural diagram.

[0013] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial structural diagram.

[0014] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial structural diagram.

[0015] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Top view.

[0016] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Exploded view of the circuit control structure.

[0017] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention 7.

[0018] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the circuit control structure under power failure conditions.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention 9.

[0020] Figure label: 1. Support frame; 11. Side slide rail; 12. Sliding notch; 13. Support plate; 14. Guide column; 141. Support spring; 2. Photovoltaic panel assembly; 21. Toothed plate; 3. Bearing plate; 4. Locking structure; 401. Key bar; 41. Drive shaft; 42. Support bearing; 43. Toothed roller; 44. One-way bearing; 45. Push handle; 46. Linkage push frame; 47. Control contact rod; 5. Circuit control structure; 51. Control base; 501. Through guide groove; 52. Control 502. Sliding guide groove; 503. Step 1; 521. First slide groove; 522. Second slide groove; 523. Connecting post; 524. Connecting guide frame; 525. Right spare contact; 526. Left spare contact; 527. First contact; 528. Second contact; 53. Sliding touch frame; 531. Concave electromagnet; 54. Left main contact; 55. Right main contact; 56. Fixed electromagnet; 57. Fixed stop; 58. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0022] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example: This embodiment mainly introduces the specific structure of a rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module, and the working principle of the integrated mechanical quick-assembly and automatic bypass linkage control for hot spot faults. Specifically: Reference Figures 1-2 As shown, this application provides a solar photovoltaic panel module that can be quickly assembled. The overall supporting base is the support frame 1. In order to provide accurate travel guidance for the photovoltaic panel group 2 in the early stage of assembly and to reserve the necessary downward pressure operation margin for subsequent locking, two parallel and symmetrically arranged side slide rails 11 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the support frame 1, taking into account the actual light-collecting tilt angle requirements of the photovoltaic array.

[0024] Specifically, a sliding notch 12 is provided at the inclined high end of the side slide rail 11. The sliding notch 12 is open outward in space and smoothly communicates with the longitudinal inner cavity of the side slide rail 11, thereby forming the assembly starting entrance of the photovoltaic panel group 2, allowing the overall frame of the photovoltaic panel group 2 to slide smoothly into the inclined high end from the side and slide down and be guided into place in accordance with the inclination angle of the side slide rail 11.

[0025] Between the support frames 1 on both sides, a bearing plate 3 is horizontally installed. The bearing plate 3 is located in the space directly below the photovoltaic panel group 2 to provide a rigid installation foundation.

[0026] Reference Figures 3-5 As shown, in order to reliably lock the photovoltaic panel group 2 under pressure to a set elevation, a locking structure 4 is provided on the support plate 3. The layout of the locking structure 4 corresponds one-to-one with the number of photovoltaic panel groups 2. Specifically, the locking structure 4 mainly consists of two parallel and symmetrically arranged drive shafts 41 in the space above the support plate 3. The two ends of the two drive shafts 41 are respectively inserted into the support bearings 42 fixed on the support plate 3. The support bearings 42 restrict the translational freedom of the drive shafts 41, allowing them to rotate only around their own central axis. In addition, toothed rollers 43 are coaxially and fixedly sleeved in the middle section of both drive shafts 41.

[0027] The photovoltaic panel assembly 2 to be installed (preferably composed of three photovoltaic panels assembled within the same overall frame to form a standard component in this embodiment) is suitable for horizontally inserting into the sliding notch 12 of the side slide rail 11 and sliding into place along the inner cavity of the slide rail. In order to establish a transmission connection with the locking structure 4 below, a toothed plate 21 is horizontally and rigidly fixed at the corresponding position on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic panel assembly 2. The toothed surface of the toothed plate 21 faces downward, and is suitable for mechanically engaging with the corresponding toothed roller 43 below when the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 is pressed vertically downward by an external force, thereby driving the two transmission shafts 41 to rotate synchronously.

[0028] Reference Figures 2-3 As shown, in order to avoid interference between the toothed plate 21 at the bottom and the toothed roller 43 below during the horizontal sliding insertion operation of the photovoltaic panel assembly 2, and to reserve a reliable vertical stroke for the subsequent mechanical locking action, support plates 13 parallel to the extension direction of the slide rails are installed in the longitudinal inner cavities of both side slide rails 11. Specifically, a number of guide posts 14 are evenly distributed along the length of the bottom surface of the support plate 13. The bottom end of the guide post 14 extends vertically downward and movably penetrates the bottom wall of the side slide rail 11. Through the sliding guide cooperation between the outer wall of the guide post 14 and the opening in the bottom wall of the side slide rail 11, the movement trajectory of the support plate 13 is limited to vertical movement only. At the same time, a support spring 141 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of each guide post 14 located in the inner cavity of the side slide rail 11. The upper and lower ends of the support spring 141 abut against the bottom surface of the support plate 13 and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the side slide rail 11, respectively.

[0029] It should be clearly stated that the combination of the guide post 14 and the support spring 141 is designed to provide an initial upward elastic bearing force for the overall frame of the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 as it slides in laterally. In its natural state, the elastic force of the support spring 141 pushes the support plate 13 upward, so that the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel assembly 2, which is installed in the side slide rail 11, is in default contact with and fits against the top of the inner wall of the side slide rail 11. In this initial suspended state maintained by the support spring 141, the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 is lifted as a whole in the vertical direction, so that there is a certain safety gap between the toothed plate 21 at its bottom and the toothed roller 43 of the locking structure 4 below in the vertical direction. This gap space ensures that the toothed plate 21 can pass over the toothed roller 43 below without obstruction when the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 slides in, avoiding frictional collision between rigid components; at the same time, this suspension height difference also constitutes the movement space required for the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 to move down and fall into place under pressure and overcome the elastic force of the support spring 141.

[0030] Reference Figures 3-4 and Figure 6 As shown, furthermore, in order to lock the position of the photovoltaic panel 2 after it is pressed down into place, a one-way bearing 44 is fixedly installed on the support plate 3. The outer ring of the one-way bearing 44 is rigidly fixed to the support plate 3, and its inner ring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 41. Specifically, on the outer cylindrical surface of the transmission shaft 41, at a set position near the one-way bearing 44 in the initial state, a key bar 401 is axially protruding and fixed; correspondingly, a keyway adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the key bar 401 is opened on the inner ring hole wall of the one-way bearing 44. In terms of overall structural arrangement, a push handle 45 is fixedly connected between the same end of the two drive shafts 41. A retaining spring (not shown in the figure) is connected between the push handle 45 and the support bearing 42 on one side. The retaining spring is sleeved on the drive shaft 41 and always provides a pushing force to the push handle 45 away from the toothed roller 43. A linkage push frame 46 is fixedly connected between the other ends of the two drive shafts 41. The above structure makes the two drive shafts 41, the push handle 45 and the linkage push frame 46 spatially combined to form a rigid frame that can be synchronously translated along the axial direction.

[0031] It should be noted that during the initial downward movement of the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 under pressure, the key bar 401 on the drive shaft 41 is completely outside the one-way bearing 44 in the spatial axial direction, without contacting its inner ring. At this time, the inner ring of the one-way bearing 44 and the smooth outer cylindrical surface of the corresponding drive shaft 41 maintain a clearance fit, without mechanical interference constraints, thus allowing the drive shaft 41 to rotate freely in both directions as the toothed roller 43 is subjected to force. After the photovoltaic panel assembly 2 is pressed down to the set installation depth, the push handle 45 is pushed along the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 by external force, causing the rigid frame and the drive shaft 41 to slide axially as a whole. Accompanying this sliding action, the key bar 401, which was originally outside the bearing, follows the axial displacement of the drive shaft 41 and slides into the keyway of the inner ring of the one-way bearing 44, forming a circumferential limiting fit.

[0032] Based on the one-way locking characteristic of the one-way bearing 44, the transmission shaft 41 and the toothed roller 43 on it are restricted to reverse rotation, thereby blocking the upward reverse retraction space of the bottom toothed plate 21 of the photovoltaic panel group 2, and realizing the one-way self-locking fixation of the final installation position of the photovoltaic panel group 2.

[0033] Reference Figures 6-8 As shown, in order to establish synchronous linkage between the axial mechanical locking action of the aforementioned drive shaft 41 and the electrical conduction state inside the photovoltaic panel group 2, a circuit control structure 5 corresponding one-to-one with the number of locking structures 4 is configured on the support plate 3.

[0034] Specifically, the circuit control structure 5 includes a control base 51 rigidly fixed to the support plate 3. A recessed groove (not shown in the figure) is formed in the center of the top surface of the control base 51. A control slider 52 is horizontally slidably embedded in the recessed groove. A guide gap of a set width is maintained between the outer contour of the control slider 52 and the inner wall of the recessed groove. This guide gap is spatially connected end-to-end, jointly defining a first groove 521 and a second groove 522 with a loop-shaped circular trajectory. Simultaneously, a positioning groove (not shown in the figure) is recessed in the center of the top end face of the control slider 52.

[0035] To achieve unidirectional limitation of the movement trajectory of the external contact, a control contact rod 47 is horizontally hinged to the side wall of the aforementioned linkage pusher 46 via a torsion spring. A spherical electromagnet (not shown in the figure) is fixed to the bottom surface of the control contact rod 47. In the initial reset state, the spherical electromagnet defaults to the intersection of the converging entrances of the first slide 521 and the second slide 522. To achieve unidirectional limitation of the movement trajectory of the external contact, a step 503 is provided on the bottom surface at the intersection of the converging entrances. The two sides of the step 503 are smoothly transitioned by rounded corners. By utilizing the height difference and the cooperation of the unidirectional blocking surface, the control contact rod 47, which is subjected to pressure and lateral movement, is restricted by the step 503 to slide only unidirectionally into the first slide 521, thereby physically blocking its path of accidentally entering the second slide 522.

[0036] When the push handle 45 is manually pushed to overcome the elastic force of the retaining spring, causing the linkage push frame 46 to slide axially locked along the transmission shaft 41, the control contact rod 47 moves synchronously laterally towards the control base 51. At this time, the spherical electromagnet on its bottom surface is guided by the drop of step 503 and slides into the first slide groove 521; subsequently, with the guidance of the inner sidewall of the first slide groove 521 and the adaptive deflection margin provided by the torsion spring, the control contact rod 47 slides inward along the trajectory of the first slide groove 521.

[0037] After the spherical electromagnet passes the top end face of the control slider 52, the external pushing force applied to the push handle 45 is removed. At this time, the compressed retaining spring releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the transmission shaft 41 and the linkage push frame 46 to produce a short-distance reverse return slide. Under the traction of this reverse return pull, the spherical electromagnet on the bottom surface of the control contact rod 47 slides back along the rounded end of the top of the control slider 52 and finally stops at the positioning groove on the top of the control slider 52.

[0038] Furthermore, a connecting post 523 is vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the control slider 52. This connecting post 523 extends downward and movably passes through a through guide groove 501 formed in the bottom wall of the groove in the control base 51. A connecting guide 524 is horizontally cantilevered and fixed to the outer wall of the connecting post 523 extending downward below the base, thereby establishing a rigid connection between the connecting guide 524 and the control slider 52 for synchronous translation. In addition, a limiting spring (not shown in the figure) is connected between the side wall of the connecting post 523 and one end wall of the through guide groove 501. The initial elastic force of this limiting spring limits the initial reset position of the control slider 52 when there is no external driving force.

[0039] On the left and right sides of the bottom wall of the groove under the control base 51, a left main contact 54 and a right main contact 55 are vertically embedded, respectively. These are used independently to electrically connect to and control the leftmost and rightmost photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic panel assembly 2. On the left and right sides of the upper surface of the follower connecting guide 524, a left spare contact 526 and a right spare contact 525 are respectively embedded, and the left spare contact 526 and the right spare contact 525 are electrically connected to each other through internal conductive components. Meanwhile, on the right and left sides of the bottom surface of the control slider 52, a first contact 527 and a second contact 528 are respectively embedded. In this vertically stacked spatial correspondence, when the control slider 52 is in the initial reset state maintained by the limit spring force, its right spare contact 525 and right main contact 55 maintain vertical contact, while the left spare contact 526 and left main contact 54 also maintain vertical contact.

[0040] For the electrical control of the middle photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic panel group 2, a sliding guide groove 502 is provided on the control base 51. The sliding touch frame 53 is slidably embedded in the sliding guide groove 502. Through the guide and limit of the groove wall, it obtains a linear sliding degree of freedom parallel to the control slider 52. The sliding touch frame 53 integrates an energizing end for controlling the conduction of the middle photovoltaic panel. A concave electromagnet 531 is rigidly fixed on the sliding touch frame 53. The top surface of the concave electromagnet 531 is flush with the bottom wall surface of the groove under the control base 51, and the top surface is suitable for docking with the spherical electromagnet at the bottom of the control touch rod 47 that finally slides into and is stably fixed in the positioning groove, thereby conducting and triggering the control electrical signal.

[0041] The concave electromagnet 531 is fixedly sleeved around the periphery of the sliding touch frame 53 in a semi-enclosed manner. Correspondingly, on the lower surface of the control base 51, a fixing electromagnet 56 is rigidly fixed at the end of the translational attraction path of the bottom end of the concave electromagnet 531. In addition, a return spring 58 is horizontally connected between the back side of the concave electromagnet 531 away from the attraction direction and the fixing stop 57 vertically fixed below the base. The initial tension of the return spring 58 defines and maintains the initial reset position of the concave electromagnet 531 and its associated sliding touch frame 53 in the non-triggered state.

[0042] In terms of electrical connection layout, the spherical electromagnet, the concave electromagnet 531 and the fixed electromagnet 56 are connected in parallel or in series to the same control loop controlled by the operating state of the intermediate photovoltaic panel, so as to ensure the synchronization of electrical state when a fault is triggered.

[0043] The specific workflow is as follows: In the initial state, the control slider 52 is maintained in the initial reset position under the elastic force of the limit spring. At this time, the right spare contact 525 on the lower connecting guide 524 is vertically connected to the right main contact 55 directly above it, and the left spare contact 526 is vertically connected to the left main contact 54 directly above it. This initial connection state, with the interconnected spare contacts acting as conductive bridges, automatically forms a bypass conductive channel across the middle photovoltaic panel in the circuit, ensuring that the leftmost and rightmost photovoltaic panels can maintain normal power transmission when the middle photovoltaic panel is not connected. At the same time, the sliding touch frame 53 and the concave electromagnet 531 are also stationary in the initial position under the pulling force of the reset spring 58.

[0044] After the photovoltaic panel 2 is pressed down into position, the push handle 45 is pushed laterally to overcome the elastic force of the supporting spring, causing the transmission shaft 41 and the linkage push frame 46 to slide axially and lock together. During this process, the control contact rod 47 moves laterally, and the spherical electromagnet at its bottom is guided by the step 503 to slide along the first slide groove 521. Then, the external thrust is removed, and the compressed retaining spring releases its potential energy, pulling the drive shaft 41 and the linkage push frame 46 to a short-distance reverse return. The control contact rod 47 is then pulled back, causing the spherical electromagnet to slide along its rounded end and stop at the positioning groove on the top of the control slider 52. At this time, the spherical electromagnet docks with the concave electromagnet 531 at the top of the sliding touch frame 53, effectively closing the signal trigger switch and thus conducting the trigger electrical signal.

[0045] After the control signal is turned on, the system control circuit is energized. The concave electromagnet 531, the fixed electromagnet 56, and the spherical electromagnet are energized synchronously to generate magnetic attraction. The concave electromagnet 531 is attracted by the fixed electromagnet 56, overcomes the resistance of the reset spring 58, and drives the sliding touch frame 53 to move linearly towards the fixed electromagnet 56.

[0046] Since the spherical electromagnet and the concave electromagnet 531 are energized at this time and magnetic attraction is generated to form a stable force connection, and the spherical electromagnet is also deeply embedded in the positioning groove on the top of the control slider 52 in the mechanical structure, the spherical electromagnet acts as a rigid transmission hub between the two in space. When the sliding touch frame 53 is attracted by the fixed electromagnet 56 and moves linearly, it will pull the control slider 52 through the hub to overcome the resistance of the limit spring and move horizontally synchronously along the through guide groove 501.

[0047] As the control slider 52 is subjected to force and moves horizontally, the transmission power is rigidly transmitted downward through the connecting column 523, causing the bottom connecting guide 524 to simultaneously undergo horizontal linear displacement. This causes the right spare contact 525, which was originally vertically connected, to slide laterally and separate from the right main contact 55. At the same time, the left spare contact 526 and the left main contact 54 also simultaneously undergo misalignment and separation.

[0048] Simultaneously, the first contact 527 on the right side and the second contact 528 on the left side of the bottom surface of the control slider 52 are moved to the new set position along with the control slider 52. As they move into position, the first contact 527 aligns vertically with the right main contact 55 on the bottom wall of the lower groove and establishes contact. At the same time, the second contact 528 aligns vertically with the left main contact 54 on the bottom wall of the lower groove and also establishes contact. Since the first contact 527 and the second contact 528 are connected to the two energized ends of the middle photovoltaic panel in the electrical circuit, they connect the middle photovoltaic panel in series between the break formed by the left main contact 54 and the right main contact 55, thus completing the series connection of the left, middle, and right photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic panel group 2 in the main electrical circuit.

[0049] When the intermediate photovoltaic panel experiences a hot spot fault due to partial shading, causing abnormal changes in its output voltage and current, the conventional photovoltaic monitoring module connected to the photovoltaic panel detects the abnormal signal and actively cuts off the power supply to the aforementioned control circuit. At this time, the spherical electromagnet, concave electromagnet 531, and fixed electromagnet 56 in the same circuit simultaneously lose power. Consequently, the connecting magnetic force between the spherical electromagnet and the concave electromagnet 531, as well as the traction magnetic force exerted by the fixed electromagnet 56 on the concave electromagnet 531, completely disappear. Under the action of the elastic potential energy accumulated by the reset spring 58 and the limit spring, the sliding touch frame 53 and the control slider 52, having lost external traction, are forced to slide back to their initial reset positions.

[0050] As the sliding touch frame 53 and the control slider 52 are synchronously reset by the spring tension, the control slider 52 undergoes a reverse horizontal linear translation. During this reset translation process, the first contact 527 and the second contact 528, which were originally in the conducting position, move laterally with the control slider 52, creating a spatial misalignment and separation with the corresponding lower layer contact, thus disconnecting the series connection circuit of the intermediate photovoltaic panel; At the same time, the control slider 52 drives the connecting guide 524 below to retract to the initial position through the connecting column 523, so that the right spare contact 525 on the connecting guide 524 slides back to directly above the right main contact 55 and forms a vertical abutment, and the left spare contact 526 slides back to directly above the left main contact 54 and forms a vertical abutment, directly connecting the left main contact 54 and the right main contact 55, thus achieving isolation of the middle photovoltaic panel in the fault state.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic panel assembly (2), on which a toothed plate (21) is fixed; The locking structure (4) has a drive shaft (41) suitable for axial sliding and a toothed roller (43) disposed on the drive shaft (41), wherein the toothed plate (21) is adapted to mesh with the toothed roller (43) when pressed down; The circuit control structure (5) includes a control base (51), a control slider (52) embedded in the control base (51), and an electromagnetic component connected to the control slider (52); The linkage component is connected between the drive shaft (41) and the circuit control structure (5), and is adapted to trigger the electromagnetic component to be energized as the drive shaft (41) slides axially. The control base (51) is provided with a main contact, the control slider (52) has a spare contact that is mutually conductive, and the control slider (52) is fitted with a first contact (527) and a second contact (528) that are electrically connected to the inside of the photovoltaic panel assembly (2). The control slider (52) can slide on the control base (51) to switch between the initial reset position and the set position; The control slider (52) is maintained in the initial reset position by the internal elastic force. In the initial reset position, the spare contact and the main contact are in contact to form a bridging bypass. When the electromagnetic component is energized, it is suitable for driving the control slider (52) to translate to the set position. At the set position, the spare contact and the main contact are misaligned and separated, and the first contact (527) and the second contact (528) are in contact with the main contact to form a series circuit.

2. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a support frame (1) and a side slide rail (11) disposed on the support frame (1), wherein a support plate (13) is assembled inside the side slide rail (11), and the photovoltaic panel group (2) is slidably assembled on the support plate (13); The bottom surface of the support plate (13) is connected to a guide post (14) that moves downward through the bottom wall of the side slide rail (11). A support spring (141) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the guide post (14). The two ends of the support spring (141) abut against the bottom surface of the support plate (13) and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the side slide rail (11), respectively. In the uncompressed state, the support spring (141) is adapted to elastically push the support plate (13) upward so that the toothed plate (21) and the toothed roller (43) maintain a safe clearance in the vertical direction.

3. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side slide rail (11) is inclined and has a sliding notch (12) at the high end of its inclined side. The sliding notch (12) is open outward in space and smoothly communicates with the longitudinal cavity of the side slide rail (11); the photovoltaic panel assembly (2) is adapted to slide into the sliding notch (12) from the side and slide down along the inclination angle of the side slide rail (11) to guide it into place.

4. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support plate (3) fixed on the support frame (1), and the locking structure (4) and the circuit control structure (5) are both fixedly installed on the support plate (3); The drive shaft (41) is sleeved with a one-way bearing (44) fixed on the bearing plate (3). A key bar (401) is axially protruding on the outer cylindrical surface of the drive shaft (41). A keyway that matches the cross-sectional shape of the key bar (401) is opened on the inner ring hole wall of the one-way bearing (44). When the drive shaft (41) slides axially, the key bar (401) is adapted to slide into the keyway to form a one-way anti-reverse limiting engagement.

5. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two drive shafts (41) are arranged in parallel and symmetrically, and the toothed rollers (43) are coaxially fixed in the middle section of both drive shafts (41). A push handle (45) is fixedly connected between the same end of the two drive shafts (41), and the linkage component is connected between the other ends of the two drive shafts (41); a retaining spring suitable for providing return thrust is sleeved around the push handle (45).

6. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The linkage component includes a linkage pusher (46) and a control contact rod (47) horizontally hinged to the side wall of the linkage pusher (46). A spherical electromagnet is fixed on the bottom surface of the control contact rod (47). The control slider (52) is defined by a first groove (521) and a second groove (522) on its periphery. The top of the control slider (52) is recessed with a positioning groove. The bottom surface of the entrance of the first groove (521) is provided with a first step (503). When the control contact rod (47) moves with the transmission shaft (41), the spherical electromagnet is adapted to slide unidirectionally into the first slide groove (521) guided by the height difference of the first step (503), and when pulled back by the support spring, it slides into and stays in the positioning groove to trigger the switch with a closing signal.

7. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the control slider (52) is vertically fixed with a connecting column (523) that moves downward through the control base (51), and a limiting spring that provides the internal elastic force is connected between the connecting column (523) and the control base (51). The bottom end of the connecting column (523) is horizontally cantilevered and fixed with a connecting guide (524), and the spare contact is correspondingly embedded in the upper surface of the connecting guide (524) and electrically connected to each other. The main contacts include a left main contact (54) and a right main contact (55) embedded below the control base (51). The first contact (527) and the second contact (528) are stacked vertically on the plane where the main contacts are located and the plane where the spare contacts are located.

8. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electromagnetic components include a sliding touch frame (53) that moves through the control base (51), a concave electromagnet (531) embedded in the top of the sliding touch frame (53), and a fixed electromagnet (56) fixed to the bottom surface of the control base (51). The concave electromagnet (531) is connected to a return spring (58) on the side away from the fixed electromagnet (56), and the top of the concave electromagnet (531) is adapted to align with the spherical electromagnet that rests in the positioning groove. When the electromagnetic component is energized, the concave electromagnet (531) is adapted to physically dock with the spherical electromagnet and be attracted and driven by the fixed electromagnet (56) so as to pull the control slider (52) to move synchronously through the spherical electromagnet.

9. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spherical electromagnet, concave electromagnet (531) and fixed electromagnet (56) are all connected to the same control circuit in the electrical circuit, which is controlled by the operating state of the photovoltaic panels inside the photovoltaic panel group (2).

10. The rapidly assembleable solar photovoltaic panel module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic panel group (2) is composed of three photovoltaic panels assembled in the same overall frame. In the set position, the first contact (527) and the second contact (528) are respectively connected to the two energized ends of the photovoltaic panel located in the middle. The left main contact (54) and the right main contact (55) are respectively electrically connected to the leftmost and rightmost photovoltaic panels, so as to connect the photovoltaic panel located in the middle in series between the circuit break nodes formed by the left main contact (54) and the right main contact (55).

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