Whole vehicle physical button system, control method and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a whole vehicle physical button system, a control method and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle buttons. The application discloses a whole vehicle physical button system, a control method and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of vehicle buttons. The piezoelectric ceramic button module comprises a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is used for converting a pressing action into an electric signal based on a positive piezoelectric effect and generating haptic feedback based on an inverse piezoelectric effect; the main controller is in communication connection with the piezoelectric ceramic button module; the waveform driving circuit is in communication connection with the main controller and is electrically connected with the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; and the vehicle-mounted man-machine interactive large screen receives a hand feeling mode parameter set by a user and transmits the hand feeling mode parameter to the main controller. The application breaks through the limitation that the hand feeling of a traditional physical button is single, and realizes individualized and programmable control of key haptic feedback (including vibration intensity, frequency and waveform) and auditory feedback (sound size and tone quality) through a combination of software and hardware.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive human-machine interaction technology, and in particular to a vehicle physical button system, control method, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of automotive intelligence, large in-vehicle screens are gradually replacing a large number of traditional physical buttons. However, for key operating areas such as the steering wheel and center console, physical buttons still have irreplaceable advantages due to their accuracy in blind operation and reliable tactile feedback.

[0003] Existing in-vehicle physical buttons mostly use mechanical structures, and their trigger feel and sound are fixed at the factory, failing to meet the personalized preferences of different users. While existing technologies use piezoelectric drive modules to convert touch commands into touch electrical signals, driving haptic feedback execution modules to provide vibration and sound feedback, the intensity, frequency, waveform, and other parameters of the haptic feedback are fixed during the design phase. Users cannot dynamically adjust them according to personal preferences, nor can they achieve unified management and personalized configuration of the feel of buttons in different locations throughout the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a vehicle physical button system, control method, and vehicle. This invention overcomes the limitation of traditional physical buttons having a single tactile feel, and through a combination of hardware and software, achieves personalized and programmable control of tactile and auditory feedback for buttons.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle physical button system, comprising: Piezoelectric ceramic button module, main controller, waveform drive circuit and vehicle-mounted human-machine interaction screen; The piezoelectric ceramic button module includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, which is used to convert pressing actions into electrical signals based on the positive piezoelectric effect and to receive driving signals based on the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate tactile feedback; the main controller is communicatively connected to the piezoelectric ceramic button module; the waveform driving circuit is communicatively connected to the main controller and electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the vehicle-mounted human-machine interaction screen receives the tactile mode parameters set by the user and transmits the tactile mode parameters to the main controller.

[0006] In a further technical solution, the piezoelectric ceramic button module also includes a touch panel, a capacitive film, a housing, and a PCB circuit board; the touch panel is used to receive pressing operations; the capacitive film is disposed between the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the housing is used to support the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; and the PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0007] In a further technical solution, the main controller includes a communication module, a microcontroller, and a power module; the communication module is used to communicate with the in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen via the vehicle bus; the microcontroller is signal-connected to the communication module; and the power module is used to convert external power into a stable operating voltage.

[0008] In a further technical solution, the main controller also includes an LED light-emitting module and a roller sensor module electrically connected to the microcontroller, as well as a piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module and a capacitive sensing module communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

[0009] In a further technical solution, the waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the instructions of the main controller and excites the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The waveform shape of the driving signal includes at least one of square wave, sine wave or sawtooth wave.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the feel mode parameters include a preset mode and a custom mode; wherein, the preset mode includes a crisp mode, a soft mode and a silent mode, and the custom mode is set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a control method for a vehicle physical button system, comprising: The system receives the user-set haptic mode parameters through the in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen and transmits the haptic mode parameters to the main controller for storage via the in-vehicle network. The pressing action is detected and an electrical signal is generated by using a piezoelectric ceramic sheet based on the positive piezoelectric effect; The main controller receives the electrical signal and retrieves the pre-stored tactile mode parameters. The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal based on the tactile mode parameters; The piezoelectric ceramic sheet receives the driving signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect and generates tactile feedback.

[0012] Thirdly, the present invention provides a vehicle including a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform a control method for a vehicle physical button system as described in the second aspect.

[0013] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, perform the control method for a vehicle physical button system described in the second aspect.

[0014] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising executable instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium; wherein, when the vehicle's processor reads and executes the executable instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, it completes the control method for a vehicle physical button system described in the second aspect.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention allows for customized tactile feedback and sound for buttons based on individual preferences or different driving modes (such as Comfort and Sport), satisfying diverse needs and personalized preferences of different users. Furthermore, drivers can confirm successful operation without taking their eyes off the road when pressing the buttons. This effectively reduces distractions caused by looking down to find or confirm buttons, greatly improving driving safety. Simultaneously, the use of piezoelectric ceramic sheets instead of complex mechanical structures results in a more compact button module structure, reducing moving parts and thus lowering the failure rate due to mechanical wear and aging, improving system reliability and lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a vehicle physical button system according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an overall block diagram of the main controller of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0020] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0021] Example 1 Most existing in-vehicle physical buttons use mechanical structures, such as dome switches as trigger elements. The tactile feel and sound of these buttons are fixed during the design and manufacturing stage, resulting in a single "click" sensation. While this mechanical structure has the advantages of high reliability and low cost, its unchanging feel cannot satisfy the personalized preferences of different users. Some users prefer crisp, short-travel, and bright button feedback, while others may prefer a softer, quieter, and more tactile feel. Furthermore, different driving modes may also require different button feels; for example, in Sport mode, users may expect a crisper, more responsive feedback, while in Comfort mode, they may prefer a softer and quieter feel.

[0022] Current technology cannot achieve such diverse experiences on a single button, nor can it achieve unified management and personalized configuration of the tactile feel of buttons in different locations throughout the vehicle. Users cannot dynamically adjust the tactile feedback parameters of buttons according to personal preferences or driving scenarios, resulting in a lack of personalized interactive enjoyment and failing to fully realize the potential of smart cars in terms of user experience.

[0023] The core technology of the vehicle physical button system provided in this embodiment lies in using a piezoelectric ceramic sheet as the core functional element of the button. It utilizes the direct piezoelectric effect to sense the user's pressing operation, and simultaneously uses the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate programmable vibration feedback. By designing a programmable waveform driving circuit, it can dynamically generate driving signals with different voltage amplitudes, frequencies, waveform shapes, and durations according to the tactile parameters set by the user, thereby producing a diverse range of tactile feedback experiences, from crisp to soft.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a vehicle physical button system includes: a piezoelectric ceramic button module, a main controller, a waveform drive circuit, and an in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen; specifically: Piezoelectric ceramic button modules are components that users interact with directly. They integrate a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (used for both sensing and feedback) and necessary support structures, and are installed in locations such as the steering wheel and center console. Specifically, a piezoelectric ceramic button module includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a touch panel, a capacitive film, a housing, and a PCB circuit board. When the user presses the touch panel, the pressure is transmitted through the touch panel to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet converts the pressing action into an electrical signal based on the direct piezoelectric effect and receives the drive signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate tactile feedback. The response time of the piezoelectric ceramic button module from detecting a pressing operation to generating vibration feedback is 0.1 milliseconds to 1 millisecond. This sub-millisecond response time ensures that tactile feedback is almost synchronous with the pressing action, eliminating perceptible delay.

[0025] Based on the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics, precise control of electrical signals can produce a much more delicate and accurate tactile feel than traditional mechanical buttons or ordinary vibration motors. This programmability allows a single physical button to simulate multiple different types of button feel, achieving "one button, multiple uses".

[0026] This embodiment uses piezoelectric ceramic material as the core functional material, utilizing its direct piezoelectric effect to sense pressing actions and its inverse piezoelectric effect to generate precise tactile and auditory feedback. A single piezoelectric ceramic element simultaneously serves as a high-precision pressure sensor and a micro-vibration generator, achieving structural simplification and functional integration.

[0027] The touch panel, located above the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, receives press inputs and provides a pressing surface for the user. It is the component that directly contacts the button module. In this embodiment, the touch panel is made of a transparent or translucent material, such as glass or plastic. Transparent or translucent materials facilitate the placement of backlighting or icons beneath the touch panel, enhancing the user experience.

[0028] A capacitive film is located between the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, used for sensing touch operations. When a user's finger approaches or touches the touch panel, a coupling capacitance is formed between the finger and the capacitive sensing electrodes, changing the capacitance value of the electrodes. The capacitive sensing circuit detects the change in capacitance value and generates a capacitance signal, which indicates the location and intensity of the touch. Furthermore, the capacitive film and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet form a dual-sensor redundancy mechanism.

[0029] The dual-sensor redundancy mechanism significantly improves the reliability of operation recognition. Capacitive signals can detect the approach and touch of a user's finger, but cannot accurately determine the pressure applied; voltage signals can accurately detect pressure, but may be affected by external vibrations. The two signals mutually verify each other, effectively preventing false triggers and ensuring that only genuine user pressure operations will trigger feedback. This dual-sensor redundancy mechanism is particularly suitable for critical operation buttons requiring high accuracy in driving scenarios, such as multimedia control buttons and call buttons on the steering wheel, avoiding erroneous operations due to accidental touches and improving driving safety.

[0030] The housing is used to support the touch panel and piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The housing is usually made of engineering plastic or metal materials and has sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0031] The PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, identifies the electrical signals (pulse signals) generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and transmits them to the main controller.

[0032] The main controller processes the press signals (pulse signals) from the piezoelectric ceramic button module, runs the tactile control logic, and sends instructions to the waveform drive circuit. It internally stores various preset and user-defined tactile mode parameters. The main controller (ECU) communicates with the piezoelectric ceramic button module and receives voltage signals from the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0033] The main controller includes a communication module, a microcontroller, and a power supply module. The communication module is used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted human-machine interface (HMI) via the vehicle bus (LIN communication method). The communication module receives the setting signals from the vehicle-mounted HMI and outputs them to the microcontroller (MCU). It can also feed back the action signals of the switch buttons to the vehicle-mounted HMI.

[0034] The main controller also includes an LED light-emitting module and a roller sensor module that are electrically connected to the microcontroller, as well as a piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module and a capacitive sensing module that are communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

[0035] The microcontroller is connected to the communication module. On one hand, the microcontroller receives and processes the tactile setting signal from the communication module, outputs the corresponding preset waveform, and drives the piezoelectric ceramic button module to output different tactile and sound feedback. On the other hand, the microcontroller receives signals from the capacitive sensing module and the roller sensor module and outputs corresponding function signals. On the third hand, the microcontroller drives the LED lighting module so that users can identify the function of the corresponding button position.

[0036] The power module is used to convert external power into a stable operating voltage, specifically: converting external power into an internal stable 12V or 5V power supply.

[0037] LED backlight module: Outputs backlight to provide users with recognizable graphics for identifying button functions; Piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module: The MCU drive module provides users with different vibration feedback; Capacitive sensing module: Receives external touch signals from human hands and outputs the corresponding position to the MCU based on the touch location; Roller sensor module: The button includes a roller, which is used to transmit the roller's motion signal to the MCU.

[0038] The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the instructions of the main controller and excites the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The waveform shape of the driving signal includes at least one of square wave, sine wave, or sawtooth wave. In this embodiment, the waveform driving circuit includes a PWM generator and a power amplifier. The PWM generator generates a PWM signal according to the instructions of the main controller, and the power amplifier amplifies the PWM signal and outputs it to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The PWM control method is simple to implement and can accurately control the output waveform.

[0039] The steps for generating a drive signal in a waveform drive circuit include: determining the voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration based on tactile parameters; selecting between generating a PWM signal or an analog signal based on the waveform shape; and generating the corresponding PWM signal or analog signal as the drive signal based on the voltage amplitude, frequency, and duration. This step-by-step generation method ensures precise control of the waveform parameters.

[0040] Voltage amplitude controls vibration intensity. A higher voltage amplitude results in greater deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, stronger vibration intensity, and more pronounced tactile feedback perceived by the user. The voltage amplitude range is 20V to 200V and can be adjusted according to specific application requirements. Frequency controls vibration rhythm. A higher frequency results in faster vibration and a crisper tactile sensation perceived by the user; a lower frequency results in slower vibration and a softer tactile sensation perceived by the user. The frequency range is 30Hz to 500Hz. Waveform shape controls tactile texture. Square waves produce a crisp and strong tactile sensation, suitable for simulating the "click" of mechanical buttons; sine waves produce a smooth and gentle tactile sensation, suitable for simulating the feel of soft buttons; sawtooth waves produce a gradually increasing or decreasing tactile sensation, which can simulate the pressing and releasing process of a button. Duration controls feedback duration. A longer duration results in a longer vibration feedback time and a more lasting tactile sensation perceived by the user; a shorter duration results in a shorter vibration feedback and a crisper tactile sensation perceived by the user. The duration range is 1ms to 100ms.

[0041] By adjusting the above four parameters (voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration), various different tactile experiences, ranging from crisp and short to soft and lasting, can be produced to meet the personalized preferences of different users and the needs of different driving scenarios. Through the programmable waveform drive circuit, users can customize the unique feel and sound of the buttons according to their personal preferences or different driving modes, changing the situation where the feel of physical buttons is unchanging.

[0042] The in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen receives the haptic mode parameters set by the user and transmits the haptic mode parameters to the main controller through the in-vehicle network (such as CAN bus).

[0043] In this embodiment, the tactile mode parameters include a preset mode and a custom mode; wherein, the preset mode includes a crisp mode, a soft mode and a silent mode, and the custom mode is set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

[0044] The crisp mode has a voltage amplitude of 100V to 200V, a frequency of 200Hz to 500Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 20ms. The gentle mode has a voltage amplitude of 50V to 100V, a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz, and a duration of 30ms to 80ms. The silent mode has a voltage amplitude of 20V to 50V, a frequency of 30Hz to 100Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 10ms. Users can quickly select a preset mode according to driving scenarios or personal preferences.

[0045] Based on the above description, the vehicle physical button system provided in this embodiment realizes a complete closed loop from pressure sensing to feedback generation, forming a highly integrated and fast-responding tactile feedback system. By adopting a dual-function integrated design using piezoelectric ceramic sheets, a single component simultaneously realizes pressure sensing and vibration actuation, simplifying the structure, reducing moving parts, lowering mechanical wear and failure rate, and improving system reliability.

[0046] Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes a programmable waveform driving circuit to dynamically generate driving signals with different parameters, thereby producing diverse tactile experiences ranging from crisp to soft. This changes the traditional physical button's monotonous and fixed feel, achieving personalized and programmable control of tactile feedback. Sub-millisecond-level rapid response ensures the immediacy and realism of tactile feedback, eliminating perceptible delays and making virtual touch feel like a real mechanical reaction, resulting in a smooth and natural user experience.

[0047] This embodiment provides a vehicle physical button system that achieves a highly personalized user experience. The most significant benefit of this application is that it completely changes the situation where the feel of physical buttons is unchanging. Users can customize the unique feel and sound of the buttons according to their personal preferences or different driving modes (such as comfort and sport), meeting diverse needs and significantly improving driving pleasure and the premium feel of the vehicle. For example, users can set the steering wheel media switch button to a crisp and short feedback, while setting custom or other function switches to a soft and quiet feedback.

[0048] Furthermore, it enhances driving safety: by providing clear and perceptible tactile feedback, this embodiment allows drivers to confirm the success of button operations without taking their eyes off the road. This effectively reduces distractions caused by looking down to find or confirm buttons, greatly improving driving safety.

[0049] Meanwhile, this embodiment features a simplified structure and high reliability: by using piezoelectric ceramic sheets to replace complex mechanical structures (such as dome switches), the button module structure is more compact and thinner, reducing moving parts and thus lowering the failure rate caused by mechanical wear and aging, thereby improving the system's reliability and service life. Furthermore, this technology has excellent dustproof and waterproof performance, adapting to the harsh environments inside and outside automobiles.

[0050] Example 2 This embodiment provides a control method for a vehicle physical button system, based on a vehicle physical button system provided in Embodiment 1. The system includes: a piezoelectric ceramic button module, a main controller, a waveform drive circuit, and an in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen; specifically: Piezoelectric ceramic button modules are components that users interact with directly. They integrate a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (used for both sensing and feedback) and necessary support structures, and are installed in locations such as the steering wheel and center console. Specifically, a piezoelectric ceramic button module includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a touch panel, a capacitive film, a housing, and a PCB circuit board. When the user presses the touch panel, the pressure is transmitted through the touch panel to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet converts the pressing action into an electrical signal based on the direct piezoelectric effect and receives the drive signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate tactile feedback. The response time of the piezoelectric ceramic button module from detecting a pressing operation to generating vibration feedback is 0.1 milliseconds to 1 millisecond. This sub-millisecond response time ensures that tactile feedback is almost synchronous with the pressing action, eliminating perceptible delay.

[0051] This embodiment uses piezoelectric ceramic material as the core functional material, utilizing its direct piezoelectric effect to sense pressing actions and its inverse piezoelectric effect to generate precise tactile and auditory feedback. A single piezoelectric ceramic element simultaneously serves as a high-precision pressure sensor and a micro-vibration generator, achieving structural simplification and functional integration.

[0052] The touch panel, located above the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, receives press inputs and provides a pressing surface for the user. It is the component that directly contacts the button module. In this embodiment, the touch panel is made of a transparent or translucent material, such as glass or plastic. Transparent or translucent materials facilitate the placement of backlighting or icons beneath the touch panel, enhancing the user experience.

[0053] A capacitive film is located between the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, used for sensing touch operations. When a user's finger approaches or touches the touch panel, a coupling capacitance is formed between the finger and the capacitive sensing electrodes, changing the capacitance value of the electrodes. The capacitive sensing circuit detects the change in capacitance value and generates a capacitance signal, which indicates the location and intensity of the touch. Furthermore, the capacitive film and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet form a dual-sensor redundancy mechanism.

[0054] The dual-sensor redundancy mechanism significantly improves the reliability of operation recognition. Capacitive signals can detect the approach and touch of a user's finger, but cannot accurately determine the pressure applied; voltage signals can accurately detect pressure, but may be affected by external vibrations. The two signals mutually verify each other, effectively preventing false triggers and ensuring that only genuine user pressure operations will trigger feedback. This dual-sensor redundancy mechanism is particularly suitable for critical operation buttons requiring high accuracy in driving scenarios, such as multimedia control buttons and call buttons on the steering wheel, avoiding erroneous operations due to accidental touches and improving driving safety.

[0055] The housing is used to support the touch panel and piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The housing is usually made of engineering plastic or metal materials and has sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0056] The PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, identifies the electrical signals (pulse signals) generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and transmits them to the main controller.

[0057] The main controller processes the press signals (pulse signals) from the piezoelectric ceramic button module, runs the tactile control logic, and sends instructions to the waveform drive circuit. It internally stores various preset and user-defined tactile mode parameters. The main controller (ECU) communicates with the piezoelectric ceramic button module and receives voltage signals from the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0058] The main controller includes a communication module, a microcontroller, and a power supply module. The communication module is used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted human-machine interface (HMI) via the vehicle bus (LIN communication method). The communication module receives the setting signals from the vehicle-mounted HMI and outputs them to the microcontroller (MCU). It can also feed back the action signals of the switch buttons to the vehicle-mounted HMI.

[0059] The main controller also includes an LED light-emitting module and a roller sensor module that are electrically connected to the microcontroller, as well as a piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module and a capacitive sensing module that are communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

[0060] The microcontroller is connected to the communication module. On one hand, the microcontroller receives and processes the tactile setting signal from the communication module, outputs the corresponding preset waveform, and drives the piezoelectric ceramic button module to output different tactile and sound feedback. On the other hand, the microcontroller receives signals from the capacitive sensing module and the roller sensor module and outputs corresponding function signals. On the third hand, the microcontroller drives the LED lighting module so that users can identify the function of the corresponding button position.

[0061] The power module is used to convert external power into a stable operating voltage, specifically: converting external power into an internal stable 12V or 5V power supply.

[0062] LED backlight module: Outputs backlight to provide users with recognizable graphics for identifying button functions; Piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module: The MCU drive module provides users with different vibration feedback; Capacitive sensing module: Receives external touch signals from human hands and outputs the corresponding position to the MCU based on the touch location; Roller sensor module: The button includes a roller, which is used to transmit the roller's motion signal to the MCU.

[0063] The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the instructions of the main controller and excites the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The waveform shape of the driving signal includes at least one of square wave, sine wave, or sawtooth wave. In this embodiment, the waveform driving circuit includes a PWM generator and a power amplifier. The PWM generator generates a PWM signal according to the instructions of the main controller, and the power amplifier amplifies the PWM signal and outputs it to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The PWM control method is simple to implement and can accurately control the output waveform.

[0064] The steps for generating a drive signal in a waveform drive circuit include: determining the voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration based on tactile parameters; selecting between generating a PWM signal or an analog signal based on the waveform shape; and generating the corresponding PWM signal or analog signal as the drive signal based on the voltage amplitude, frequency, and duration. This step-by-step generation method ensures precise control of the waveform parameters.

[0065] Voltage amplitude controls vibration intensity. A higher voltage amplitude results in greater deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, stronger vibration intensity, and more pronounced tactile feedback perceived by the user. The voltage amplitude range is 20V to 200V and can be adjusted according to specific application requirements. Frequency controls vibration rhythm. A higher frequency results in faster vibration and a crisper tactile sensation perceived by the user; a lower frequency results in slower vibration and a softer tactile sensation perceived by the user. The frequency range is 30Hz to 500Hz. Waveform shape controls tactile texture. Square waves produce a crisp and strong tactile sensation, suitable for simulating the "click" of mechanical buttons; sine waves produce a smooth and gentle tactile sensation, suitable for simulating the feel of soft buttons; sawtooth waves produce a gradually increasing or decreasing tactile sensation, which can simulate the pressing and releasing process of a button. Duration controls feedback duration. A longer duration results in a longer vibration feedback time and a more lasting tactile sensation perceived by the user; a shorter duration results in a shorter vibration feedback and a crisper tactile sensation perceived by the user. The duration range is 1ms to 100ms.

[0066] By adjusting the above four parameters (voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration), various different tactile experiences, ranging from crisp and short to soft and lasting, can be produced to meet the personalized preferences of different users and the needs of different driving scenarios. Through the programmable waveform drive circuit, users can customize the unique feel and sound of the buttons according to their personal preferences or different driving modes, changing the situation where the feel of physical buttons is unchanging.

[0067] The in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen receives the haptic mode parameters set by the user and transmits the haptic mode parameters to the main controller through the in-vehicle network (such as CAN bus).

[0068] In this embodiment, the tactile mode parameters include a preset mode and a custom mode; wherein, the preset mode includes a crisp mode, a soft mode and a silent mode, and the custom mode is set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

[0069] The crisp mode has a voltage amplitude of 100V to 200V, a frequency of 200Hz to 500Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 20ms. The gentle mode has a voltage amplitude of 50V to 100V, a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz, and a duration of 30ms to 80ms. The silent mode has a voltage amplitude of 20V to 50V, a frequency of 30Hz to 100Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 10ms. Users can quickly select a preset mode according to driving scenarios or personal preferences.

[0070] Based on the above description, the vehicle physical button system provided in this embodiment realizes a complete closed loop from pressure sensing to feedback generation, forming a highly integrated and fast-responding tactile feedback system. By adopting a dual-function integrated design using piezoelectric ceramic sheets, a single component simultaneously realizes pressure sensing and vibration actuation, simplifying the structure, reducing moving parts, lowering mechanical wear and failure rate, and improving system reliability.

[0071] Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes a programmable waveform driving circuit to dynamically generate driving signals with different parameters, thereby producing diverse tactile experiences ranging from crisp to soft. This changes the traditional physical button's monotonous and fixed feel, achieving personalized and programmable control of tactile feedback. Sub-millisecond-level rapid response ensures the immediacy and realism of tactile feedback, eliminating perceptible delays and making virtual touch feel like a real mechanical reaction, resulting in a smooth and natural user experience.

[0072] The above-mentioned physical button system for the entire vehicle operates as follows: the user presses the touch panel → the piezoelectric ceramic sheet senses the pressure and generates a voltage signal → the main controller recognizes the pressure and reads the tactile parameters → the waveform drive circuit generates a customized drive signal → the piezoelectric ceramic sheet generates vibration feedback → the user perceives tactile and auditory feedback. Specifically, this includes: S1: Receive the user-set haptic mode parameters through the vehicle-mounted human-machine interaction screen, and transmit the haptic mode parameters to the main controller for storage through the vehicle network; S2: The pressing action is detected and an electrical signal is generated by a piezoelectric ceramic sheet based on the positive piezoelectric effect; S3: The main controller receives the electrical signal and retrieves the pre-stored tactile mode parameters; the tactile parameters include at least voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape and duration. S4: The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the feel mode parameters; S5: The piezoelectric ceramic sheet receives the driving signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect and generates tactile feedback.

[0073] In this embodiment, the steps of the waveform driving circuit generating the driving signal include: determining the voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration based on the tactile parameters; selecting to generate a PWM signal or an analog signal based on the waveform shape; and generating the corresponding PWM signal or analog signal as the driving signal based on the voltage amplitude, frequency, and duration. This step-by-step generation method ensures precise control of the waveform parameters.

[0074] The tactile mode parameters include preset modes and custom modes; the preset modes include crisp mode, soft mode and silent mode, and the custom modes are set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

[0075] The crisp mode has a voltage amplitude of 100V to 200V, a frequency of 200Hz to 500Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 20ms. The gentle mode has a voltage amplitude of 50V to 100V, a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz, and a duration of 30ms to 80ms. The silent mode has a voltage amplitude of 20V to 50V, a frequency of 30Hz to 100Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 10ms. Users can quickly select a preset mode according to driving scenarios or personal preferences.

[0076] In this embodiment, user interaction is achieved on the in-vehicle human-machine interface (HMI), which provides a corresponding settings interface. Users can select preset modes such as "crisp mode" (corresponding to high voltage, high frequency short pulse), "gentle mode" (corresponding to low voltage, low frequency longer pulse), and "silent mode" (extremely low voltage, focusing on touch rather than sound).

[0077] Custom mode: Users can freely adjust the "feedback intensity" (corresponding to the driving voltage amplitude), "feedback speed" (corresponding to the pulse frequency), and "feedback duration" (corresponding to the pulse duration) using the slider.

[0078] Example 3 This embodiment provides a vehicle, including a memory and a processor, as well as computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer instructions, it completes the control method of a vehicle physical button system as described in Embodiment 2.

[0079] The vehicle provided in this embodiment is equipped with a vehicle-wide physical button system as provided in Embodiment 1, and executes a control method for a vehicle-wide physical button system as provided in Embodiment 2. Specifically: The system includes: piezoelectric ceramic button modules, a main controller, waveform drive circuits, and an in-vehicle human-machine interface screen; specifically: Piezoelectric ceramic button modules are components that users interact with directly. They integrate a piezoelectric ceramic sheet (used for both sensing and feedback) and necessary support structures, and are installed in locations such as the steering wheel and center console. Specifically, a piezoelectric ceramic button module includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a touch panel, a capacitive film, a housing, and a PCB circuit board. When the user presses the touch panel, the pressure is transmitted through the touch panel to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet converts the pressing action into an electrical signal based on the direct piezoelectric effect and receives the drive signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate tactile feedback. The response time of the piezoelectric ceramic button module from detecting a pressing operation to generating vibration feedback is 0.1 milliseconds to 1 millisecond. This sub-millisecond response time ensures that tactile feedback is almost synchronous with the pressing action, eliminating perceptible delay.

[0080] This embodiment uses piezoelectric ceramic material as the core functional material, utilizing its direct piezoelectric effect to sense pressing actions and its inverse piezoelectric effect to generate precise tactile and auditory feedback. A single piezoelectric ceramic element simultaneously serves as a high-precision pressure sensor and a micro-vibration generator, achieving structural simplification and functional integration.

[0081] The touch panel, located above the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, receives press inputs and provides a pressing surface for the user. It is the component that directly contacts the button module. In this embodiment, the touch panel is made of a transparent or translucent material, such as glass or plastic. Transparent or translucent materials facilitate the placement of backlighting or icons beneath the touch panel, enhancing the user experience.

[0082] A capacitive film is located between the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, used for sensing touch operations. When a user's finger approaches or touches the touch panel, a coupling capacitance is formed between the finger and the capacitive sensing electrodes, changing the capacitance value of the electrodes. The capacitive sensing circuit detects the change in capacitance value and generates a capacitance signal, which indicates the location and intensity of the touch. Furthermore, the capacitive film and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet form a dual-sensor redundancy mechanism.

[0083] The dual-sensor redundancy mechanism significantly improves the reliability of operation recognition. Capacitive signals can detect the approach and touch of a user's finger, but cannot accurately determine the pressure applied; voltage signals can accurately detect pressure, but may be affected by external vibrations. The two signals mutually verify each other, effectively preventing false triggers and ensuring that only genuine user pressure operations will trigger feedback. This dual-sensor redundancy mechanism is particularly suitable for critical operation buttons requiring high accuracy in driving scenarios, such as multimedia control buttons and call buttons on the steering wheel, avoiding erroneous operations due to accidental touches and improving driving safety.

[0084] The housing is used to support the touch panel and piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The housing is usually made of engineering plastic or metal materials and has sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0085] The PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, identifies the electrical signals (pulse signals) generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and transmits them to the main controller.

[0086] The main controller processes the press signals (pulse signals) from the piezoelectric ceramic button module, runs the tactile control logic, and sends instructions to the waveform drive circuit. It internally stores various preset and user-defined tactile mode parameters. The main controller (ECU) communicates with the piezoelectric ceramic button module and receives voltage signals from the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0087] The main controller includes a communication module, a microcontroller, and a power supply module. The communication module is used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted human-machine interface (HMI) via the vehicle bus (LIN communication method). The communication module receives the setting signals from the vehicle-mounted HMI and outputs them to the microcontroller (MCU). It can also feed back the action signals of the switch buttons to the vehicle-mounted HMI.

[0088] The main controller also includes an LED light-emitting module and a roller sensor module that are electrically connected to the microcontroller, as well as a piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module and a capacitive sensing module that are communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

[0089] The microcontroller is connected to the communication module. On one hand, the microcontroller receives and processes the tactile setting signal from the communication module, outputs the corresponding preset waveform, and drives the piezoelectric ceramic button module to output different tactile and sound feedback. On the other hand, the microcontroller receives signals from the capacitive sensing module and the roller sensor module and outputs corresponding function signals. On the third hand, the microcontroller drives the LED lighting module so that users can identify the function of the corresponding button position.

[0090] The power module is used to convert external power into a stable operating voltage, specifically: converting external power into an internal stable 12V or 5V power supply.

[0091] LED backlight module: Outputs backlight to provide users with recognizable graphics for identifying button functions; Piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module: The MCU drive module provides users with different vibration feedback; Capacitive sensing module: Receives external touch signals from human hands and outputs the corresponding position to the MCU based on the touch location; Roller sensor module: The button includes a roller, which is used to transmit the roller's motion signal to the MCU.

[0092] The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the instructions of the main controller and excites the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The waveform shape of the driving signal includes at least one of square wave, sine wave, or sawtooth wave. In this embodiment, the waveform driving circuit includes a PWM generator and a power amplifier. The PWM generator generates a PWM signal according to the instructions of the main controller, and the power amplifier amplifies the PWM signal and outputs it to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The PWM control method is simple to implement and can accurately control the output waveform.

[0093] The steps for generating a drive signal in a waveform drive circuit include: determining the voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration based on tactile parameters; selecting between generating a PWM signal or an analog signal based on the waveform shape; and generating the corresponding PWM signal or analog signal as the drive signal based on the voltage amplitude, frequency, and duration. This step-by-step generation method ensures precise control of the waveform parameters.

[0094] Voltage amplitude controls vibration intensity. A higher voltage amplitude results in greater deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, stronger vibration intensity, and more pronounced tactile feedback perceived by the user. The voltage amplitude range is 20V to 200V and can be adjusted according to specific application requirements. Frequency controls vibration rhythm. A higher frequency results in faster vibration and a crisper tactile sensation perceived by the user; a lower frequency results in slower vibration and a softer tactile sensation perceived by the user. The frequency range is 30Hz to 500Hz. Waveform shape controls tactile texture. Square waves produce a crisp and strong tactile sensation, suitable for simulating the "click" of mechanical buttons; sine waves produce a smooth and gentle tactile sensation, suitable for simulating the feel of soft buttons; sawtooth waves produce a gradually increasing or decreasing tactile sensation, which can simulate the pressing and releasing process of a button. Duration controls feedback duration. A longer duration results in a longer vibration feedback time and a more lasting tactile sensation perceived by the user; a shorter duration results in a shorter vibration feedback and a crisper tactile sensation perceived by the user. The duration range is 1ms to 100ms.

[0095] By adjusting the above four parameters (voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration), various different tactile experiences, ranging from crisp and short to soft and lasting, can be produced to meet the personalized preferences of different users and the needs of different driving scenarios. Through the programmable waveform drive circuit, users can customize the unique feel and sound of the buttons according to their personal preferences or different driving modes, changing the situation where the feel of physical buttons is unchanging.

[0096] The in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen receives the haptic mode parameters set by the user and transmits the haptic mode parameters to the main controller through the in-vehicle network (such as CAN bus).

[0097] In this embodiment, the tactile mode parameters include a preset mode and a custom mode; wherein, the preset mode includes a crisp mode, a soft mode and a silent mode, and the custom mode is set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

[0098] The crisp mode has a voltage amplitude of 100V to 200V, a frequency of 200Hz to 500Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 20ms. The gentle mode has a voltage amplitude of 50V to 100V, a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz, and a duration of 30ms to 80ms. The silent mode has a voltage amplitude of 20V to 50V, a frequency of 30Hz to 100Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 10ms. Users can quickly select a preset mode according to driving scenarios or personal preferences.

[0099] Based on the above description, the vehicle physical button system provided in this embodiment realizes a complete closed loop from pressure sensing to feedback generation, forming a highly integrated and fast-responding tactile feedback system. By adopting a dual-function integrated design using piezoelectric ceramic sheets, a single component simultaneously realizes pressure sensing and vibration actuation, simplifying the structure, reducing moving parts, lowering mechanical wear and failure rate, and improving system reliability.

[0100] Furthermore, this embodiment utilizes a programmable waveform driving circuit to dynamically generate driving signals with different parameters, thereby producing diverse tactile experiences ranging from crisp to soft. This changes the traditional physical button's monotonous and fixed feel, achieving personalized and programmable control of tactile feedback. Sub-millisecond-level rapid response ensures the immediacy and realism of tactile feedback, eliminating perceptible delays and making virtual touch feel like a real mechanical reaction, resulting in a smooth and natural user experience.

[0101] The above-mentioned physical button system for the entire vehicle operates as follows: the user presses the touch panel → the piezoelectric ceramic sheet senses the pressure and generates a voltage signal → the main controller recognizes the pressure and reads the tactile parameters → the waveform drive circuit generates a customized drive signal → the piezoelectric ceramic sheet generates vibration feedback → the user perceives tactile and auditory feedback. Specifically, this includes: S1: Receive the user-set haptic mode parameters through the vehicle-mounted human-machine interaction screen, and transmit the haptic mode parameters to the main controller for storage through the vehicle network; S2: The pressing action is detected and an electrical signal is generated by a piezoelectric ceramic sheet based on the positive piezoelectric effect; S3: The main controller receives the electrical signal and retrieves the pre-stored tactile mode parameters; the tactile parameters include at least voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape and duration. S4: The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the feel mode parameters; S5: The piezoelectric ceramic sheet receives the driving signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect and generates tactile feedback.

[0102] In this embodiment, the steps of the waveform driving circuit generating the driving signal include: determining the voltage amplitude, frequency, waveform shape, and duration based on the tactile parameters; selecting to generate a PWM signal or an analog signal based on the waveform shape; and generating the corresponding PWM signal or analog signal as the driving signal based on the voltage amplitude, frequency, and duration. This step-by-step generation method ensures precise control of the waveform parameters.

[0103] The tactile mode parameters include preset modes and custom modes; the preset modes include crisp mode, soft mode and silent mode, and the custom modes are set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

[0104] The crisp mode has a voltage amplitude of 100V to 200V, a frequency of 200Hz to 500Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 20ms. The gentle mode has a voltage amplitude of 50V to 100V, a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz, and a duration of 30ms to 80ms. The silent mode has a voltage amplitude of 20V to 50V, a frequency of 30Hz to 100Hz, and a duration of 1ms to 10ms. Users can quickly select a preset mode according to driving scenarios or personal preferences.

[0105] In this embodiment, user interaction is achieved on the in-vehicle human-machine interface (HMI), which provides a corresponding settings interface. Users can select preset modes such as "crisp mode" (corresponding to high voltage, high frequency short pulse), "gentle mode" (corresponding to low voltage, low frequency longer pulse), and "silent mode" (extremely low voltage, focusing on touch rather than sound).

[0106] Custom mode: Users can freely adjust the "feedback intensity" (corresponding to the driving voltage amplitude), "feedback speed" (corresponding to the pulse frequency), and "feedback duration" (corresponding to the pulse duration) using the slider.

[0107] Example 4 This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, they complete the control method for a vehicle physical button system as described in Embodiment 2.

[0108] Example 5 This embodiment provides a computer program product, which includes executable instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium; wherein, when the vehicle's processor reads and executes the executable instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, it completes the control method for a vehicle physical button system described in Embodiment 2.

[0109] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0110] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0111] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, whereby a series of operational steps are performed to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0112] The steps and methods involved in Embodiments 2 to 5 above correspond to those in Embodiment 1. For detailed implementation methods, please refer to the relevant description section of Embodiment 1. The descriptions of each embodiment in the above embodiments have different emphases. Parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computer devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby allowing them to be stored in a storage device for execution by a computer device, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. The present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted physical button system, characterized in that, include: Piezoelectric ceramic button module, main controller, waveform drive circuit and vehicle-mounted human-machine interaction screen; The piezoelectric ceramic button module includes a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, which converts pressing actions into electrical signals based on the positive piezoelectric effect and receives driving signals based on the inverse piezoelectric effect to generate tactile feedback. The main controller is communicatively connected to the piezoelectric ceramic button module. The waveform driving circuit is communicatively connected to the main controller and electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen receives the tactile mode parameters set by the user and transmits the tactile mode parameters to the main controller.

2. The vehicle physical button system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric ceramic button module also includes a touch panel, a capacitive film, a housing, and a PCB circuit board; the touch panel is used to receive pressing operations; the capacitive film is disposed between the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; the housing is used to support the touch panel and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; and the PCB circuit board is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

3. The vehicle physical button system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller includes a communication module, a microcontroller, and a power module; the communication module is used to communicate with the in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen via the vehicle bus; the microcontroller is signal-connected to the communication module; and the power module is used to convert external power into a stable operating voltage.

4. The vehicle physical button system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The main controller also includes an LED light-emitting module and a roller sensor module electrically connected to the microcontroller, as well as a piezoelectric ceramic vibration sensing module and a capacitive sensing module communicatively connected to the microcontroller.

5. A vehicle physical button system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal according to the instructions of the main controller and excites the piezoelectric ceramic sheet. The waveform shape of the driving signal includes at least one of square wave, sine wave or sawtooth wave.

6. A vehicle physical button system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tactile mode parameters include preset modes and custom modes; wherein, the preset modes include crisp mode, soft mode and silent mode, and the custom modes are set by adjusting the feedback intensity, feedback speed and feedback duration.

7. A control method for a vehicle physical button system, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The system receives the user-set haptic mode parameters through the in-vehicle human-machine interaction screen and transmits the haptic mode parameters to the main controller for storage via the in-vehicle network. The pressing action is detected and an electrical signal is generated by using a piezoelectric ceramic sheet based on the positive piezoelectric effect; The main controller receives the electrical signal and retrieves the pre-stored tactile mode parameters. The waveform driving circuit generates a driving signal based on the tactile mode parameters; The piezoelectric ceramic sheet receives the driving signal based on the inverse piezoelectric effect and generates tactile feedback.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, as well as computer instructions stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer instructions, it completes the control method for a vehicle physical button system as described in claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Used to store computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, complete the control method for a vehicle physical button system as described in claim 7.

10. A computer program product comprising executable instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium; wherein, When the vehicle's processor reads executable instructions from a computer-readable storage medium and executes the executable instructions, it completes the control method for a vehicle physical button system as described in claim 7.

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