A method and apparatus for diagnosing fiber link faults

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent operation and maintenance of optical communication devices, and particularly relates to an optical fiber link fault diagnosis method and device. The method is applied to an optical communication system, the optical communication system comprising an optical module receiving end, an optical fiber link and a host computer, and the method comprises: collecting optical power receiving data of optical signals of the optical module receiving end at a fixed time; performing abnormal event identification on each collected optical power receiving data; if no abnormal event is identified, storing the collected optical power receiving data in a data storage area in a ring shape; if an abnormal event is identified, obtaining all optical power receiving data satisfying a target collection point number before and after the time when the abnormal event occurs, and storing the optical power receiving data in an event cache area of the data storage area; when the host computer is idle, sending all the stored optical power receiving data to the host computer, so that the host computer can identify the fault type of the optical fiber link according to the change trend of the optical power receiving data. The present application can improve the accuracy of optical fiber link fault identification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent operation and maintenance technology for communication devices, and in particular to a method and apparatus for diagnosing fiber optic link faults. Background Technology

[0002] An optical communication system includes optical modules, fiber optic links, and a host. The optical module integrates a receiver and a transmitter, with the transmitter and receiver forming an independent link. The receiver, acting as a photoelectric conversion terminal device, is responsible for converting the optical signals transmitted in the fiber optic link into electrical signals. Simultaneously, its integrated monitoring circuitry can monitor its own operational status in real time. Currently, optical modules generally comply with the SFF-8472 (Small Form Factor Committee - 8472) or Common Management Interface Specification (CMIS) protocol. This means that the optical module integrates Digital Diagnostic Monitoring (DDM), enabling real-time monitoring of its operating parameters (such as temperature, voltage, current, and optical power). The host can obtain operating parameters from the optical module through management interfaces such as I²C, thereby sensing the operational status of the optical module and the fiber optic link.

[0003] Existing technologies mainly rely on optical modules reporting operating parameters, thereby detecting optical fiber link faults by analyzing these parameters. However, the operating parameters obtained at this time only reflect the state of the optical module at a certain moment and cannot reflect the state of the optical module for a period of time before and after the occurrence of the abnormal event, resulting in low accuracy of the host in identifying optical fiber link faults.

[0004] Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology is an urgent problem to be solved in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method and device, which can improve the accuracy of fiber optic link fault identification.

[0006] The embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method, applied to an optical communication system, the optical communication system including an optical module receiver, an optical fiber link and a host, specifically: periodically collecting optical power received data of the optical signal at the optical module receiver; For each piece of optical power received data, perform anomaly event identification; If no abnormal event is detected, the collected optical power received data will be stored in a ring in the data storage area; If an abnormal event is detected, all optical power received data that meets the target number of acquisition points before and after the time of the abnormal event are obtained and stored in the event buffer area of ​​the data storage area. When the host is idle, all the optical power received data stored in the firmware is sent to the host so that the host can identify the fault type of the optical fiber link based on the changing trend of the optical power received data.

[0007] Preferably, the method further includes: When no abnormal event is detected, the optical power received data collected each time will be stored sequentially from the head to the tail of the data storage area. When the total amount of optical power received data stored exceeds the storage space of the data storage area, the data storage area is overwritten and refreshed starting from the head, and the new optical power received data is stored sequentially from the head to the tail of the data storage area.

[0008] Preferably, the method further includes: When an abnormal event is detected, the current time is taken as the time when the data is collected at the current optical power. The start time and end time of the data acquisition window are determined according to the number of target acquisition points and the sampling interval. All optical power received data from the start time to the current time is obtained from the data storage area, and all optical power received data from the current time to the end time is collected to obtain abnormal data; Abnormal data is permanently stored in the event cache area of ​​the data storage area.

[0009] Preferably, the method further includes: For each acquired optical power received data, obtain all historical optical power received data within a preset time window prior to the current moment; Use the current optical power received data and all historical optical power received data as the judgment data; The maximum change in the judgment data is determined. If the maximum change is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the abnormal event is optical power jitter. or, For each acquired optical power received data, the current LOS status of the optical module receiver is read synchronously. When the LOS status changes from invalid to valid, the abnormal event is considered to be an abnormal LOS.

[0010] Preferably, the method further includes: Obtain the maximum optical power value from the judgment data; Obtain the minimum optical power value from the judgment data; The difference between the maximum optical power value and the minimum optical power value is taken as the maximum change.

[0011] Preferably, after the abnormal data is permanently stored in the event cache area of ​​the data storage area, the method further includes: For each newly acquired optical power received data, if optical power jitter is detected again, new abnormal data is calculated and determined based on the number of target acquisition points, and the new abnormal data is used to overwrite the old abnormal data.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes: If no optical power jitter is detected for a continuous period of time, the abnormal data related to optical power jitter stored in the event buffer will be erased, and the newly acquired optical power data will be stored in the data storage area in a circular storage manner. or, Upon receiving the erase signal from the host, the system erases the abnormal data related to abnormal LOS stored in the event buffer and stores the newly acquired optical power data in a circular storage manner in the data storage area.

[0013] Preferably, the method further includes: When the optical power received data drops abruptly from the normal value to the noise floor value within an adjacent sampling interval, it indicates that the fault type is a power outage at the other end. When the optical power received data gradually decreases over multiple sampling intervals, accompanied by periodic or irregular fluctuations during the attenuation process, and eventually drops to the noise floor value, the fault type is loop fiber disconnection. When the optical power received data fluctuates steadily over multiple sampling intervals, but suddenly drops to the noise floor value at a certain sampling point, the fault type is fiber breakage.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an optical fiber link fault diagnosis device, the device comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the processor to perform the optical fiber link fault diagnosis method of the first aspect.

[0015] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that are executed by one or more processors to perform the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method described in the first aspect.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: For each acquired optical power received data point, anomaly event identification is performed to promptly identify the anomaly event. After identifying the anomaly event, all optical power received data points meeting the target acquisition point count before and after the anomaly event occurrence are permanently stored, thereby broadening the data scope and extending the optical power received data from a single point in time to a continuous time series. When the host is idle, all permanently stored optical power received data is sent to the host, enabling the host to identify the specific type of fault based on the optical power change trend presented in the continuous time series, thereby improving the accuracy of the host in identifying fiber optic link faults. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram of the data storage area in a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a waveform diagram of power failure at the other end in a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a waveform diagram of loop fiber removal in an optical fiber link fault diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram of a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, showing a broken fiber. Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the fixed storage method in an optical fiber link fault diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the data storage area before data migration in a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the data storage area after data movement in a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the erasure method in an optical fiber link fault diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical fiber link fault diagnosis device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as openly inclusive, meaning "including, but not limited to." In the description of the specification, terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples; that is, although they may be incorporated into embodiments or examples using the above terms for reasons such as order and position, it does not limit them to be incorporated in combination by a single embodiment or example.

[0021] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Furthermore, for example, the description may use the prefix "A" or "B" to describe the same type of nouns as two independent entities. In this case, the corresponding features defined with "A" and "B" are used only to distinguish between similar entities and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of this invention, the expression “A and / or B” (where A and B are used to formally represent specific features) will be used. The corresponding expression includes the following three combinations: only A, only B, and a combination of A and B.

[0023] As used in this invention, “about,” “approximately,” or “approximately” includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation from a particular value, wherein the acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0024] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for diagnosing optical fiber link faults, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 101: Periodically collect optical power reception data of the optical signal at the optical module receiver.

[0026] In one embodiment, the DDM can monitor the operating parameters of the optical module in real time. These operating parameters include temperature, voltage, current, transmitted optical power of the optical signal at the transmitting end of the optical module, and received optical power data of the optical signal at the receiving end of the optical module. The transmitted optical power is the power of the optical signal emitted by the transmitting end of the optical module, which only reflects the operating status of the transmitting end. The received optical power data is the power of the optical signal transmitted by the receiving end of the optical module through the optical fiber link, which reflects the operating status of the optical fiber link. The host can also identify the cause of the optical fiber link failure through the received optical power data. Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the received optical power data is directly used as the basis for fault identification in the following description.

[0027] In one embodiment, traditional optical modules do not have timeliness requirements for sampling optical power received data. Optical power received data is typically passively refreshed when the system is idle. Because the data refresh timing is uncertain, the acquisition time cannot correspond to the actual time. When the host acquires optical power received data, it cannot determine the acquisition time. In the event of an anomaly, due to the lack of a timed latching mechanism, data related to the anomaly may have been overwritten by subsequently acquired optical power received data, making it difficult to trace the true state at the time of the anomaly. To solve the above problems, this invention introduces a timed acquisition mechanism, acquiring optical power received data at a specified time interval. This gives the stored optical power received data a timestamp characteristic, clearly displaying time characteristics, so that the host can subsequently combine time features for accurate fault analysis.

[0028] Step 102: For each piece of optical power received data, perform anomaly event identification.

[0029] Among these, abnormal events include optical power jitter and abnormal LOS (Loss of Signal). Optical power jitter refers to fluctuations in received optical power exceeding a certain power range. Although the optical module does not trigger an alarm or warning, it is necessary to notify the host in a timely manner so that the host can detect the problem as early as possible. Abnormal LOS refers to a signal loss state triggered when the optical module receiver detects that the received optical power data is lower than the alarm threshold. This includes, but is not limited to, burst LOS, intermittent LOS, and false alarm LOS. Burst LOS refers to a sudden drop in received optical power data below the threshold when the fiber optic link is working normally. Intermittent LOS refers to fluctuations in received optical power data around the alarm threshold, causing frequent LOS state changes. False alarm LOS refers to an abnormal LOS being triggered incorrectly when the received optical power data is normal due to module aging, temperature drift, or hardware failure. In this case, the relevant data needs to be packaged and reported to the host through the I²C extended command. The reported data includes a timestamp (with microsecond precision), a sequence of various operating parameters, an alarm type identifier, and a buffer integrity check code, such as a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-32).

[0030] The identification method for abnormal events such as optical power jitter is different from the identification method for abnormal events such as LOS.

[0031] In one implementation, optical power jitter is identified using a rolling time window method. Specifically, when the maximum change in received optical power data within the time window exceeds a preset threshold, optical power jitter is determined to have occurred. Since this invention employs a timed acquisition method, the corresponding identification method can be converted to: identifying the maximum value of the change in received optical power data at fixed sampling points and comparing it with a preset threshold; when the maximum value is greater than the preset threshold, optical power jitter is determined to have occurred.

[0032] In one implementation, abnormal LOS is identified by the LOS state corresponding to the optical power received data. That is, the LOS state is monitored in real time by the microcontroller unit (MCU) built into the optical module. When a change in the LOS state corresponding to the optical power received data is detected, it is determined that an abnormal LOS has occurred.

[0033] Step 103: If no abnormal event is detected, the collected optical power received data is stored in a ring in the data storage area.

[0034] In one embodiment, the present invention integrates a non-volatile storage unit inside the optical module, using the non-volatile storage unit as a data storage area for optical power reception data. Each optical power reception data stored in the data storage area is stored in a circular queue. This design avoids the post-acquisition refresh mechanism, instead storing the acquired optical power reception data sequentially into the data storage area. Since the data storage area has a certain storage space, it has a refresh and temporary storage function, which can save the optical power reception data for a period of time, thereby ensuring zero loss of data related to abnormal events.

[0035] Specifically, when no abnormal event is identified, refer to Figure 2 When no abnormal event is detected, the optical power received data collected each time is stored sequentially from the head to the tail of the data storage area; when the total number of stored optical power received data exceeds the storage space of the data storage area, the data storage area is overwritten and refreshed starting from the head, and the new optical power received data is stored sequentially from the head to the tail of the data storage area.

[0036] Step 104: If an abnormal event is detected, acquire all optical power received data that meets the target number of acquisition points before and after the time of the abnormal event, and store it in the event buffer area of ​​the data storage area.

[0037] In one embodiment, if an abnormal event is detected, all optical power received data before and after the occurrence of the abnormal event needs to be permanently stored for the host to read. To ensure the continuity of the refresh interval of subsequently acquired optical power received data and to reduce the memory consumption of the MCU required to store data related to abnormal events (optical power jitter and abnormal LOS), thereby reducing costs, this invention divides the data storage area into a rolling buffer with refresh and temporary storage functions and an event buffer with recording functions. The event buffer is configured near the head of the data storage area, and the rolling buffer is configured near the tail of the data storage area. At this time, the event buffer only stores all optical power received data that meets the target number of acquisition points before and after the occurrence of the abnormal event, and the data in the event buffer will only be refreshed after certain conditions are met; otherwise, the data in the event buffer will be stored indefinitely. The rolling buffer stores data unrelated to the abnormal event and newly acquired optical power received data. At this time, the data in the rolling buffer is still stored in a circular manner, that is, the data stored in the rolling buffer can be retained for a period of time, but after the storage space of the rolling buffer is reached, it is refreshed from the head of the rolling buffer to store other optical power received data acquired subsequently.

[0038] The target number of acquisition points can be set via the host computer. The required target number of acquisition points differs between optical power jitter and abnormal LOS. Since abnormal LOS is more severe than optical power jitter, the target number of acquisition points required for abnormal LOS is generally set to be greater than that required for optical power jitter. For example, the target number of acquisition points configured for abnormal LOS is 2024, while the target number of acquisition points configured for optical power jitter is 1024. This example is merely a case study and does not limit the scope of this embodiment.

[0039] Step 105: When the host is idle, send all the stored optical power reception data to the host so that the host can identify the fault type of the fiber optic link based on the changing trend of the optical power reception data.

[0040] The fault types include power failure at the other end, loop fiber disconnection, and fiber breakage.

[0041] It is important to note that the essence of this invention is to identify whether there are any abnormalities in the optical fiber link and the cause of these abnormalities by analyzing the changes in optical power received at the optical module receiver. When an abnormal event is detected, all relevant data is packaged and reported to the host. This allows the host to extract the optical power waveform change trend corresponding to the abnormal event from the data. Based on the differentiated time-domain fingerprint characteristics of different fault types (including the steepness of the optical power jump, duration, and fluctuation period), the specific type of fault can be accurately identified. The data reported to the host includes a timestamp (with microsecond-level precision), sequences of various operating parameters (temperature, voltage, current, transmitted optical power at the optical module transmitter, and received optical power at the optical module receiver), alarm type identifiers, and cache integrity check codes, such as Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC-32).

[0042] In one implementation, after receiving the above data, the host calls a lightweight timing model and uses AI to process and analyze the changes in the sequence of various working parameters to determine the cause of the anomaly. The following uses optical power change graphs for three typical fault types to illustrate the optical power change for different fault types. In each optical power change graph, the vertical axis represents the optical power, and the horizontal axis represents the number of sampling points. As the x-axis extends from the origin, the number of sampling points increases accordingly, which also represents the increase in time. Therefore, the optical power change graph actually shows the change in optical power over time.

[0043] When the optical power received data drops abruptly from its normal value to the noise floor within an adjacent sampling interval, the fault type indicates a power outage at the other end. (See [reference]). Figure 3The red line represents the transmitted optical power of the optical signal at the transmitting end of the optical module, and the green line represents the received optical power data at the receiving end of the optical module. As time increases, the transmitted optical power remains stable at a normal value within adjacent sampling intervals, but the received optical power data drops sharply from the normal value to the noise floor value, which indicates that the fault type is a power failure at the other end.

[0044] When the received optical power data gradually attenuates over multiple sampling intervals, accompanied by periodic or irregular fluctuations during the attenuation process, and eventually drops to the noise floor value, the fault type indicates a loop fiber disconnection. (See [reference needed]). Figure 4 The red line represents the transmitted optical power of the optical signal at the transmitting end of the optical module, and the black line represents the received optical power data at the receiving end of the optical module. The transmitted optical power remains stable at a normal value within adjacent sampling intervals, but the received optical power data gradually decreases within multiple sampling intervals. During the attenuation process, there are periodic or irregular fluctuations. When it finally drops to the noise floor value, it indicates that the fault type is loop fiber disconnection.

[0045] When the received optical power fluctuates steadily over multiple sampling intervals, but suddenly drops to the noise floor at a certain sampling point, the fault type is fiber breakage. (See [reference]). Figure 5 The red line represents the transmit optical power of the local optical module transmitter, the green line represents the receive optical power data of the local optical module receiver, the black line represents the receive optical power data of the remote optical module receiver, and the blue line represents the transmit optical power of the remote optical module transmitter. The transmit optical power of the local end remains stable at a normal value within adjacent sampling intervals. The receive optical power data of the local end fluctuates steadily within multiple sampling intervals. At a certain sampling point, the receive optical power data of the local end suddenly drops to the noise floor value, while the transmit optical power and receive optical power data of the remote end fluctuate around the normal value. This indicates that the fault type is fiber breakage.

[0046] It should be noted that power failure at the other end, loop fiber disconnection, and fiber breakage are only three typical fault types listed in this embodiment and do not constitute a limitation on the range of identifiable faults. The host can accurately identify various faults, including the three mentioned above, by extracting the optical power change trend corresponding to the abnormal event and based on the differentiated time-domain fingerprint characteristics (including the steepness of the optical power change, duration, and fluctuation period) presented by different fault types.

[0047] In this embodiment, abnormal events are identified for each acquired optical power received data point to ensure timely detection. After an abnormal event is detected, all optical power received data points that meet the target number of acquisition points before and after the time of the abnormal event are stored in a fixed format, thereby broadening the data scope and extending the optical power received data from a single point in time to a continuous time series. When the host is idle, all the stored optical power received data is sent to the host so that the host can identify the specific type of fault based on the optical power change trend presented by the continuous time series, thereby improving the accuracy of the host in identifying fiber optic link faults.

[0048] The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method further includes, when an abnormal event is detected, acquiring all optical power received data that meets the target number of acquisition points before and after the time of the abnormal event, and storing it in a fixed format. (See reference...) Figure 6 The stored procedure specifically includes the following steps: Step 201: When an abnormal event is detected, take the current time of data acquisition with the current optical power as the current time, and determine the start time and end time of the data acquisition window according to the number of target acquisition points and the sampling interval.

[0049] In one implementation, the method for identifying an abnormal event as optical power jitter specifically involves: for each acquired optical power received data, taking the acquisition time of the current optical power received data as the current time, acquiring all historical optical power received data within a preset time window before the current time; using the current optical power received data and all historical optical power received data as judgment data; determining the maximum change in the judgment data, and if the maximum change is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the abnormal event is optical power jitter.

[0050] In one implementation, the method for identifying abnormal events as abnormal LOS is as follows: For each acquired optical power received data, the current LOS state of the optical module receiver is synchronously read. When the LOS state changes from invalid to valid, the abnormal event is considered to be an abnormal LOS. Here, an invalid LOS state means that a valid signal exists and no signal loss has occurred; a valid LOS state means that no signal is detected and the signal has been lost. Therefore, when the LOS state changes from invalid to valid, that is, the signal suddenly changes from normal to lost, it represents a falling edge transition. When a falling edge transition occurs, it is considered an abnormal LOS, that is, a signal interruption fault has occurred.

[0051] In one implementation, the method for determining the start and end times of the data acquisition window based on the target number of acquisition points and the sampling interval is as follows: using the current time as the time reference point for the data acquisition window, the process expands in both directions along the time axis according to the sampling interval until the number of acquisition points within the data acquisition window reaches the target number of acquisition points. The start and end times of the data acquisition window are then determined accordingly. Timed acquisition refers to periodically triggering acquisition at a fixed sampling interval (e.g., 0.01 seconds). The expansion along the time axis according to the sampling interval can be symmetrical or asymmetrical, as long as the number of acquisition points within the data acquisition window reaches the target number of acquisition points. For example, if the current time is 12:00:05.000, the sampling interval is 0.01 seconds (i.e., 100 data points are collected per second), the target number of sampling points is 10, and the sampling points are expanded forward by 4 points and backward by 6 points, then the start time = 12:00:05.000 - 4 × 0.01 = 12:00:04.960; the end time = 12:00:05.000 + 6 × 0.01 = 12:00:05.060.

[0052] It should be noted that the start and end times for abnormal events such as optical power jitter are slightly different from those for abnormal LOS events. In one implementation, for abnormal LOS events, the start and end times of the data acquisition window are determined according to the method described above.

[0053] In one implementation, since the method for identifying optical power jitter is to acquire all historical optical power received data within a preset time window, the start time of the preset time window is directly taken as the start time, and the end time is determined according to the number of target acquisition points and the sampling interval.

[0054] Step 202: Obtain all optical power received data from the data storage area between the start time and the current time, and collect all optical power received data between the current time and the end time to obtain abnormal data.

[0055] It should be noted that since the abnormal event is identified as soon as the optical power reception data is collected, the data collected after the current optical power reception data has not yet been collected. Therefore, it is necessary to wait for data collection until all optical power reception data from the start time T1 to the current time and all optical power reception data from the current time to the end time T2 meet the target number of collection points before subsequent solidification and storage can be performed.

[0056] In one embodiment, all optical power received data collected before the start time and all optical power received data collected after the end time are treated as normal data.

[0057] Figure 7 This is the structure of the data storage area before data movement. The jitter trigger point is the current moment of the received optical power data. The data before jitter consists of all received optical power data from the start time T1 to the current time. The data after jitter consists of all received optical power data from the current time to the end time T2. Data refresh area 1 contains all received optical power data collected before the start time T1. Data refresh area 2 contains all received optical power data collected after the end time T2. The jitter trigger point, the data before jitter, and the data after jitter are considered abnormal data; the data in data refresh areas 1 and 2 are considered normal data.

[0058] Step 203: Store the abnormal data in the event cache area of ​​the data storage area.

[0059] Figure 8 After data movement, the data storage area structure is as follows: upon detecting an abnormal event, the jitter trigger point, data before jitter, and data after jitter are stored in the event buffer and moved to a position near the head of the data storage area. Data refresh area 1 and data refresh area 2 are stored in the scroll buffer and moved to a position near the tail of the data storage area.

[0060] The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method further includes, for each newly acquired optical power received data point, if optical power jitter is detected again, calculating and determining new abnormal data based on the target acquisition point count, and overwriting the existing abnormal data with the new abnormal data to record the latest abnormal data of optical power jitter, providing effective data for subsequent host identification of the fiber optic link fault type. Specifically, for each newly acquired optical power received data point, if no optical power jitter is detected, it is stored in a rolling buffer using a circular storage method.

[0061] The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method further includes setting an erasure mechanism after the abnormal data is permanently stored, so as to restore the refresh and temporary storage functions of the data storage area to the refresh and temporary storage function again. (See reference...) Figure 9 The method further includes: Step 301: If no optical power jitter is detected for a continuous period of time, the abnormal data related to optical power jitter stored in the event buffer will be erased, and the newly acquired optical power data will be stored in the data storage area in a circular storage manner.

[0062] In one embodiment, after storing the abnormal data, if no abnormal event is detected for multiple consecutively collected optical power reception data, the abnormal data stored in the event buffer is erased, and the currently refreshable buffer and the event buffer with recording function are restored to a data storage area with only refresh function. That is, the data storage area then reverts to its previous state. Figure 2 In this manner, each acquired optical power receiving data is stored in a ring until the next optical power jitter is detected. The data storage area, which only has the function of refreshing and temporary storage, is divided into a rolling buffer area with the function of refreshing and temporary storage and an event buffer area with the function of recording. In this way, all optical power receiving data that meets the target number of acquisition points before and after the event occurs is solidified and cached in the event buffer area, so that the host can identify the fault type of the optical fiber link based on the changing trend of optical power receiving data.

[0063] Step 302: Receive the erase signal sent by the host, erase the abnormal data related to abnormal LOS stored in the event buffer, and store the newly acquired optical power data in the data storage area in a circular storage manner.

[0064] In one embodiment, for an abnormal LOS event, since an abnormal LOS indicates a problem has occurred, it is necessary to wait for an erase signal sent by the host before erasing the persistently stored abnormal data in the event buffer. The currently refreshable and temporary buffers, as well as the event buffer with recording capabilities, are then restored to data storage areas with only refresh and temporary buffering functions. In other words, the data storage area reverts to its previous state. Figure 2 The acquired optical power data is stored in a ring until an abnormal LOS is detected again. Then, the data storage area is re-divided according to the method described in step 301, which will not be repeated here.

[0065] In summary, the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided by this invention integrates a non-volatile storage unit within the optical module, using this unit as the data storage area for optical power reception data. This data storage area only has a refresh and temporary storage function. After an abnormal event is identified, the data storage area is divided into a rolling buffer (also with refresh and temporary storage) and an event buffer (with recording function). The event buffer stores all optical power reception data meeting the target acquisition point count before and after the occurrence of the abnormal event. Data in the event buffer is only refreshed after certain conditions are met; otherwise, it is permanently stored. The rolling buffer stores data unrelated to the abnormal event and newly acquired optical power reception data, allowing the data stored in the rolling buffer to be retained for a period of time. This enables the automatic saving and reporting of high-density DDM timing data within a continuous time window before and after the triggering of an abnormal event (optical power fluctuation or abnormal LOS).

[0066] Furthermore, by configuring lightweight Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the host side, multi-dimensional feature extraction and pattern matching can be performed on batch time-series data, enabling accurate differentiation of fiber optic link fault types (including fiber breakage, fiber disconnection, transmitter shutdown, and transmitter power failure). Since the data storage area can cache data for a long time, module health indicators can be constructed based on this to achieve early warning of failure risks (e.g., 72 hours in advance).

[0067] To address the issue of low accuracy in identifying fiber optic link faults by the host, existing methods typically employ software polling and external hardware-dependent approaches, each with its own limitations. Software polling, which involves the host continuously reading operating parameters and enables real-time monitoring, consumes significant computational and I / O resources, making it unsuitable for resource-constrained or performance-critical scenarios. External hardware-dependent methods record operating parameters via external data acquisition cards, but this approach is costly, difficult to deploy, and cannot trigger critical data transmission the instant an anomaly occurs, failing to meet the demands for timely fault diagnosis.

[0068] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention provides a fiber optic link fault diagnosis method that requires no external hardware and features low power consumption and high real-time performance. This method integrates a non-volatile storage unit within the optical module, using this unit as a data storage area for optical power reception data. Upon detecting an abnormal event, a portion of the data storage area near the head is partitioned to store all optical power reception data meeting the target sampling point count before and after the abnormal event. When the host is idle, the stored data is sent to the host for analysis. This allows the host to extract the optical power waveform change trend corresponding to the abnormal event from all optical power reception data meeting the target sampling point count before and after the abnormal event. Based on the differentiated time-domain fingerprint characteristics (including the steepness of the optical power abrupt change, duration, and fluctuation period) of different fault types, the specific fault type can be accurately identified, improving the accuracy of the host in identifying fiber optic link faults.

[0069] Example 2: Based on the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method provided in the foregoing embodiments, the present invention also provides a fiber optic link fault diagnosis device that can be used to implement the above method, such as... Figure 10 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the device architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis device of this embodiment includes one or more processors 21 and a memory 22. Figure 10 Take a processor 21 as an example.

[0070] Processor 21 and memory 22 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 10 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0071] The memory 22 serves as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium for fiber optic link fault diagnosis methods. It can be used to store non-volatile software programs and non-volatile computer-executable programs, such as the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method in the foregoing embodiments. The processor 21 executes various functional applications and data processing of the fiber optic link fault diagnosis device by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 22, thereby implementing the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method of the foregoing embodiments.

[0072] Memory 22 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 22 may include memory remotely located relative to processor 21, which can be connected to processor 21 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0073] The program instructions / modules are stored in memory 22 and, when executed by one or more processors 21, perform the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0074] This invention also provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that are executed by one or more processors, for example... Figure 10 One of the processors 21 can enable the one or more processors to execute the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method in the foregoing embodiments.

[0075] It is worth noting that the information interaction and execution process between the modules and units in the above-mentioned device and system are based on the same concept as the processing method embodiment of the present invention. For details, please refer to the description in the method embodiment of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for diagnosing fiber optic link faults, characterized in that, Applied to an optical communication system, the optical communication system includes an optical module receiver, an optical fiber link, and a host, and the optical fiber link fault diagnosis method includes: Periodically collect optical power reception data of the optical signal at the optical module receiver; For each piece of optical power received data, perform anomaly event identification; If no abnormal event is detected, the collected optical power received data will be stored in a ring in the data storage area; If an abnormal event is detected, all optical power received data that meets the target number of acquisition points before and after the time of the abnormal event are obtained and stored in the event buffer area of ​​the data storage area. When the host is idle, all the optical power received data stored in the firmware is sent to the host so that the host can identify the fault type of the optical fiber link based on the changing trend of the optical power received data.

2. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When no abnormal event is detected, the optical power received data collected each time will be stored sequentially from the head to the tail of the data storage area. When the total amount of optical power received data stored exceeds the storage space of the data storage area, the data storage area is overwritten and refreshed starting from the head, and the new optical power received data is stored sequentially from the head to the tail of the data storage area.

3. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When an abnormal event is detected, the current time of the optical power received data acquisition is taken as the current time, and the start time and end time of the data acquisition window are determined according to the number of target acquisition points and the sampling interval. All optical power received data from the start time to the current time is obtained from the data storage area, and all optical power received data from the current time to the end time is collected to obtain abnormal data; The abnormal data is permanently stored in the event cache area of ​​the data storage area.

4. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: For each acquired optical power received data, obtain all historical optical power received data within a preset time window prior to the current moment; Use the current optical power received data and all historical optical power received data as the judgment data; The maximum change in the judgment data is determined. If the maximum change is greater than a preset threshold, it indicates that the abnormal event is optical power jitter. or, For each acquired optical power received data, the current LOS status of the optical module receiver is read synchronously. When the LOS status changes from invalid to valid, the abnormal event is considered to be an abnormal LOS.

5. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the maximum optical power value from the judgment data; Obtain the minimum optical power value from the judgment data; The difference between the maximum optical power value and the minimum optical power value is taken as the maximum change.

6. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After storing the abnormal data in the event cache of the data storage area, the method further includes: For each newly acquired optical power received data, if optical power jitter is detected again, new abnormal data is calculated and determined based on the number of target acquisition points, and the new abnormal data is used to overwrite the old abnormal data.

7. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: If no optical power jitter is detected for a continuous period of time, the abnormal data related to optical power jitter stored in the event buffer will be erased, and the newly acquired optical power data will be stored in the data storage area in a circular storage manner. or, Upon receiving the erase signal from the host, the system erases the abnormal data related to abnormal LOS stored in the event buffer and stores the newly acquired optical power data in a circular storage manner in the data storage area.

8. The fiber optic link fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the optical power received data drops abruptly from the normal value to the noise floor value within an adjacent sampling interval, it indicates that the fault type is a power outage at the other end. When the optical power received data gradually decreases over multiple sampling intervals, accompanied by periodic or irregular fluctuations during the attenuation process, and eventually drops to the noise floor value, the fault type is loop fiber disconnection. When the optical power received data fluctuates steadily over multiple sampling intervals, but suddenly drops to the noise floor value at a certain sampling point, the fault type is fiber breakage.

9. A fiber optic link fault diagnosis device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; And a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the processor for performing the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A non-volatile computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are executed by one or more processors to perform the fiber optic link fault diagnosis method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images