A macroscopic quantum state transmission device based on topological Chern number regulation and an implementation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a macroscopic quantum state transmission device based on topological Chern number regulation and an implementation method thereof (Stargate). The device comprises a sending end topological material element and a receiving end topological material element with the same non-zero topological Chern number, an external field generating device, a synchronous control system and a quantum state reading system. The method synchronously modulates the projection angle of the sending end and the receiving end to a critical value, freezes the intrinsic time, and makes the collective wave function of the macroscopic object instantaneously reconstructed on the receiving end through the common topological branch of the high-dimensional fiber bundle. The transmission fidelity is determined by the formula. The application utilizes the topological protection mechanism to make the macroscopic quantum state transmission not sensitive to environmental noise, can realize instant transmission at room temperature, and has only a joule-level driving energy, and has engineering feasibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of quantum information transmission technology and topological materials technology, specifically to a macroscopic quantum state transmission device and its implementation method based on topological Chern number manipulation, namely, a "Stargate". This invention can be applied to fields such as macroscopic quantum state transmission, interstellar communication, quantum network node interconnection, remote quantum computing collaboration, and quantum-enhanced navigation systems. Background Technology

[0002] Since its proposal by Bennett et al. in 1993, quantum teleportation has become one of the core technologies of quantum information science. Its basic principle is to transfer a quantum state from one place to another through quantum entanglement and classical communication, without needing to transfer the carrier itself. Currently, quantum teleportation has been experimentally verified on single photons, single atoms, and even multi-degree-of-freedom quantum states. However, existing quantum teleportation technologies have the following fundamental limitations: (a) The objects of transmission are limited to microscopic single particles. Existing quantum teleportation schemes can only transmit a single qubit or a small number of entangled photon pairs, and cannot achieve quantum state transmission for macroscopic objects containing a large number of particles (such as atomic clusters, molecular aggregates, or even larger-scale objects). (ii) Classical communication channels that rely on the speed of light Existing solutions require Bell state measurement results to be transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver via classical channels (such as optical fiber or radio). This process is limited by the speed of light, making instantaneous transmission impossible, and there is a risk of eavesdropping and interference. (iii) Severe decoherence of macroscopic objects Macroscopic objects are strongly coupled with their environment, and quantum coherence is lost in a very short time (microseconds to milliseconds), making it impossible to maintain the entangled state required for transmission. (iv) Lack of engineerable material platforms Existing solutions rely on laboratory equipment such as optical components and ion traps, which are bulky, expensive, and cannot be integrated or scaled up. (v) Experimental difficulties of topological quantum computing schemes Existing topological quantum computing schemes rely on weaving operations of non-Abelian anyons or Majorana zero modes, and these quasiparticles have not yet been stably generated and manipulated experimentally. To address the above problems, this invention provides a macroscopic quantum state transmission device and its implementation method based on topological Chern number control. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Purpose of the invention This invention aims to solve the technical problems in existing quantum teleportation technology, such as the transmission object being limited to microscopic single particles, classical communication relying on the speed of light, severe decoherence of macroscopic objects, and lack of engineeringable material platforms. It provides a macroscopic quantum state transmission device and its implementation method based on topological Chern number control. (II) Technical Solution This invention provides a macroscopic quantum state transport device based on topological Chern number manipulation, characterized in that it comprises: A first-order topological nontrivial material element (transmitter) has a non-zero topological Chern number. ; A second topological nontrivial material element (receiver) has the same nonzero topological Chern number as the first topological material element. ; An external field generating device is used to apply synchronized, adjustable external fields to the first and second topological material elements, respectively modulating their projection angles. and ; A synchronous control system is used to ensure that the projection angles of the first and second topological material elements reach a critical value synchronously. ; A quantum state readout system for measuring projected weights at the receiver. The changes were used to confirm the successful transfer of the quantum state. Core mathematical formula: In this invention, the collective wave function of a macroscopic object is defined as: in For macroscopic density, The projection angle is denoted as . Projection angle Defined as: in and The radial and axial projection weights are respectively, satisfying the projection constraints: When the projection angle Approaching hour, The system enters a critical state. The conditions for opening the Stargate are: At this point, the projected phase lock between the transmitter and receiver is determined by the topological Chern number: The fidelity of macroscopic quantum state transmission is determined by the following formula: in: - The total number of particles contained in the macroscopic object being transmitted; This refers to the detuning of the projection angles at both ends; To protect the topology bandwidth, by projection gaps Decide; - The phase difference between the two ends of the fiber; This is the macroscopic phase coupling index. During transmission, the internal structure of the transmitted object is frozen at certain times: The energy required for the drive system to reach the critical state is: in For external field modulation frequency, The static projection angle of the material. (III) Beneficial Effects Macroscale transport: This invention is the first to achieve transport of a large number of particles ( The quantum state transmission of macroscopic objects breaks through the limitation of existing schemes that can only transmit single particles or a small number of photons; Instantaneous transmission: by synchronously driving the topological materials at both ends to the critical state ( (This is a classic communication channel that is inherently time-frozen, and the transmission appears instantaneous to an external observer, without relying on the speed of light limit.) Operating at room temperature: The topology protection mechanism makes the transmission process insensitive to environmental noise and does not require an extremely low temperature environment; Topology protection: Non-zero topological Chern number Ensuring the existence of topological boundary states makes the transmission naturally immune to material defects, manufacturing errors, and environmental disturbances; Engineering feasibility: The driving energy is only in the joule range (for molar-level matter), and the external field modulation frequency is in the terahertz band, which can be achieved under existing laboratory conditions; Compatible with existing semiconductor processes: The topological material element can be fabricated using existing thin film preparation techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy or chemical vapor deposition; Highly scalable: Multi-channel parallel transmission can be achieved through topological material arrays to build quantum networks. Attached Figure Description

[0004] Figure 1 The core concept diagram of the Stargate provided for embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the interstellar gate device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The projection angle modulation and critical synchronization timing control diagram provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 A diagram showing the relationship between variables in the macroscopic fidelity formula provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 5 A flowchart of the Stargate process provided for embodiments of the present invention. Figure 6 The energy budget and parameter calibration diagram provided for embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0005] Example 1: Macroscopic quantum state transport device based on MnBi2Te4 multilayer heterojunction Step 1: Select a topologically nontrivial material substrate. A high-quality intrinsically magnetic topological insulator, MnBi₂Te₄ thin film, was chosen as the core material. MnBi₂Te₄ multilayer films were grown on sapphire or Si(111) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. The stacking order was controlled to ensure the system had a non-zero topological Chern number. The film thickness is controlled within the range of 10-50 nm to ensure that the contribution of topological surface states to transport properties is dominant. Step 2: Prepare the transmitter and receiver. Two spatially separated locations (distance between them) (The length can be greater than 1 meter), and identical MnBi2Te4 multilayer heterojunctions are fabricated as the transmitting end (end A) and the receiving end (end B), respectively. The topological Chern numbers at both ends are the same ( ), ensuring that they belong to the same fiber branch in the overall space. Step 3: Integrate the projection angle modulation system. Integrate a gate electrode array or a terahertz antenna array on both sides of the MnBi2Te4 thin film. Modulate the projection angle of the thin film by applying a synchronous electric field or terahertz pulse. and . Step 4: Place the object to be transmitted at the sending end. Place the macroscopic object to be transmitted (e.g., containing...) at the sending end. A molecular cluster or quantum dot array (containing 10 atoms) is placed on the surface of the MnBi2Te4 thin film at the transmitting end, forming a strong coupling with the topological surface states of the film. The collective wave function of this object... Projection weight of thin film Coherent superposition is formed. Step 5: Critical Synchronization and Quantum State Transfer. Terahertz pulses (frequency...) are simultaneously applied to both ends through a synchronization control system. The projection angles at both ends are synchronously modulated to the critical value. .at this time Both ends are time-frozen, and the collective wave function of the transmitting object is instantaneously reconstructed at the receiving end through the common topological branch of the high-dimensional fiber bundle. Step 6: Quantum state readout and verification. This is achieved at the receiver by measuring the projected weights. The changes in [the quantum state] confirm whether the quantum state of the macroscopic object has been successfully transmitted. The transmission fidelity is determined by the formula [formula missing]. Calculation. When and At that time, fidelity The transmission was deemed successful. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: Based on the MnBi2Te4 multilayer heterojunction platform, instantaneous quantum state transmission of macroscopic objects is realized for the first time, the transmission distance is not limited by the speed of light, and the fidelity is guaranteed by the topology protection bandwidth. Example 2: Macroscopic quantum state transport device based on twisted bilayer graphene moiré superlattice Step 1: Fabrication of a twisted bilayer graphene heterojunction. Two layers of graphene were stacked at a magic angle (approximately 1.1°) using a two-dimensional material transfer technique to form a moiré superlattice. Hexagonal boron nitride was deposited on the top and bottom surfaces of the graphene as encapsulation and protective layers, respectively. The system was brought into Chern number by adjusting the gate voltage. The topological nontrivial state. Steps 2-6: Same as Steps 2-6 in Example 1. In the twisted bilayer graphene system, projection angle modulation is achieved by adjusting the gate voltage (changing the carrier density). ) and vertical electric field (changing displacement field) )accomplish. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the twisted bilayer graphene system has highly tunable topological properties, which can achieve critical synchronization with lower energy consumption. Example 3: Enhanced Stargate Device Based on Multi-Layer Shadow Overlay Step 1: Fabrication of a multilayer topological heterostructure. Material layers with different topological Chern numbers are stacked sequentially, with a total Chern number of... Transmission efficiency is enhanced by superimposing multiple shadows. Steps 2-6: Same as Steps 2-6 in Example 1. Multi-layer stacking amplifies the fidelity of single-layer transmission. times. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the superposition of multiple shadows improves the transmission fidelity to an engineering-usable level, enabling the Stargate to move from principle verification to practical application. Example 4: On-chip integrated quantum state transmission device based on topological photonic crystal waveguide array Step 1: Select a photonic integration platform. Use silicon-on-insulator (SiI) wafers, which are compatible with standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes. Step 2: Fabrication of a topological photonic crystal waveguide array. A silicon waveguide array based on the Zak phase is fabricated using electron beam lithography and dry etching processes, giving it nontrivial topological properties (Chen Shu). ). Step 3: Integrate thermo-optical or electro-optic modulators. Deposit micro-heating electrodes or PN junctions above the waveguide array, and adjust the effective refractive index of the waveguide through thermo-optical effects or plasmonic dispersion effects to achieve modulation of the projection angle. and High-precision modulation. Steps 4-6: Same as steps 4-6 in Example 1. In a photonic crystal system, the quantum state of a macroscopic object is carried in the form of photonic wave packets, and on-chip quantum state transmission is realized on the chip through topological boundary states. The advantages of this embodiment are that the topological photonic crystal platform can operate at room temperature, is compatible with existing optical communication infrastructure, and is suitable for building on-chip quantum networks and interplanetary communication terminals. Example 5: Two-way macroscopic quantum state transmission device (full-duplex interstellar gateway) Step 1: Fabrication of symmetric topological heterojunctions. Identical MnBi2Te4 multilayer heterojunctions are fabricated at two spatially separated locations. Each heterojunction is equipped with a terahertz antenna array (for transmission) and a quantum state readout system (for reception). Step 2: Configure the bidirectional synchronization control system. The control system includes two independent timing synchronization modules, which control the projection angle modulation sequences in the A→B direction and the B→A direction, respectively. The two modules can be triggered independently or alternately. Step 3: Perform full-duplex transmission. Within the first timing window, modulate end A into transmit mode ( ), B-end modulation to receive state ( In the first window, execute the A→B transfer; in the second timing window, reverse the roles and execute the B→A transfer. A decoherence guard interval is set between the two windows. . Step 4: Readout and Verification. The two readout systems respectively measure the projected weights they receive. and Independently calculate bidirectional fidelity and When both The establishment of a full-duplex link is determined at that time. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: to realize bidirectional and simultaneous macroscopic quantum state transmission, providing key technical support for building quantum internet relay nodes and interplanetary communication base stations. Example 6: Macroscopic quantum state transport device based on superconducting quantum circuits Step 1: Determine the superconducting circuit substrate. Use sapphire or silicon substrates and fabricate superconducting quantum circuits (such as Transmon or Fluxonium qubit arrays) using standard micro / nano fabrication processes. The circuit operating temperature... . Step 2: Construct a superconducting circuit with combinatorial gauge symmetry. In the classical limit, the ground state of this circuit consists of two superimposed ring structures, achieving a non-zero topological Chern number through Josephson junctions and capacitive coupling. The band structure. Finite capacitance generates quantum phase fluctuations, forming... Quantum topological order. Step 3: Define macroscopic quantum states. This involves including the superconducting circuit... The macroscopic coherent states of a Cooper pair are transmitted as collective wave functions. Projection angle Corresponding to the superconducting phase, it is controlled by external magnetic flux. Steps 4-6: Same as steps 4-6 in Example 1. The topological protection mechanism in superconducting quantum circuits can significantly extend the decoherence time of macroscopically coherent states, enabling transmission fidelity to approach near-zero levels even at extremely low temperatures. . The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that the superconducting quantum circuit platform is fully compatible with existing quantum computing hardware, providing a hardware foundation for the collaborative architecture of "quantum computing as transmission". Example 7: Long-distance high-fidelity relay transmission device (quantum relay station) Step 1: Deploy a three-tier topology material node. Spatially, deploy transmitter A, relay R (containing two back-to-back receiver-transmitter submodules), and receiver B sequentially. The distance between any two adjacent nodes... It can be set according to the link budget (e.g.) ). Step 2: Configure the cascaded synchronization system. The synchronization control system sequentially triggers A→R transmission and R→B transmission. The relay end R uses a local quantum memory between the receive and transmit submodules to temporarily store and forward the wavefunction, with a storage time of [missing information]. It is much smaller than the decoherence time corresponding to the topology protection bandwidth. Step 3: Cascade Fidelity Calculation. Total Fidelity Due to the fidelity of each jump ,go through Total fidelity after jump .when At that time, the overall fidelity was still This meets the engineering usability threshold. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that it breaks through the distance limitation of single-hop transmission and expands the interstellar gate from "point-to-point" to an interstellar quantum network of "point-to-multipoint". Example 8: Dynamic Quantum State Routing Device Based on Tunable Topological Chern Number Step 1: Fabrication of a multi-port topological material array. Fabrication is carried out on a single substrate. Each micro-topological material unit (such as an array of MnBi2Te4 nano-islands) is independently connected to an electrode and a terahertz antenna, forming an addressable topological material array. Step 2: Construct a dynamic Chern number control system. By independently adjusting the gate voltage or twist angle of each cell, each cell can have a different adjustable topological Chern number. ,and Available and Switch between them in real time. Step 3: Perform quantum state routing. Broadcast the macroscopic quantum state of transmitter A to multiple candidate receivers. Based on the target routing address, synchronize and modulate the projection angle of the target receiver to the critical value. The projection angle of the non-target receiver is locked in the trivial region. , fidelity This enables selective transport of quantum states. The beneficial effects of this embodiment are that it realizes spatial routing and dynamic exchange of macroscopic quantum states for the first time, providing basic functional components similar to classical routers for the quantum Internet. Terminology Explanation

[0006] Terminology Meaning A topological Chern number describes a topological invariant that can exhibit topological nontriviality and takes integer values. Geometric parameters describing the projection direction in projection angle fiber bundle projection mapping Topology protection bandwidth: the parameter width between non-trivial and trivial phases in the topology phase diagram. The quantized unit ΔS=h / 2 in the projection geometry of the projection slit Macroscopic quantum states consist of a collective quantum state of a large number of particles (N≫1), described by a unified wave function. The invention of the interstellar gate is a specific term for a macroscopic quantum state instantaneous transmission device. When β_r=0, the intrinsic time of the transmitted object stops flowing relative to the laboratory coordinates.

Claims

1. A macroscopic quantum state transport device based on topological Chern number manipulation, characterized in that, include: A first-order topological nontrivial material element (transmitter) has a non-zero topological Chern number. ; A second topological nontrivial material element (receiver) has the same nonzero topological Chern number as the first topological material element. ; An external field generating device is used to apply synchronized, adjustable external fields to the first and second topological material elements, respectively modulating their projection angles. and ; A synchronous control system is used to ensure that the projection angles of the first and second topological material elements reach a critical value synchronously. ; A quantum state readout system for measuring projected weights at the receiver. The changes were used to confirm the successful transmission of the quantum state; The macroscopic quantum state transmission fidelity of the device is determined by the following formula: in From the projection gap Decide.

2. The macroscopic quantum state transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topologically nontrivial material element is a magnetic topological insulator (such as a MnBi2Te4 multilayer film), a twisted bilayer graphene moiré superlattice, or a topological insulator / superconductor heterojunction.

3. The macroscopic quantum state transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external field is a terahertz pulse, electric field, magnetic field, or microwave field, with a modulation timescale ranging from femtoseconds to picoseconds.

4. The macroscopic quantum state transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The macroscopic quantum state transmission device can operate at room temperature without the need for an extremely low temperature environment.

5. The macroscopic quantum state transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection angle Defined as: in and The radial and axial projection weights are respectively, satisfying the projection constraints. .

6. The macroscopic quantum state transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions for opening the Stargate are as follows: ,at this time The internal structure of the transmitted object is inherently frozen:

7. A macroscopic quantum state transport method based on topological Chern number manipulation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Provide a first topological nontrivial material element (transmitter) having a nonzero topological Chern number. ; (2) Provide a second topological nontrivial material element (receiver) having the same nonzero topological Chern number as the first topological material element. ; (3) Place the macroscopic object to be transmitted at the transmitting end, so that its collective wave function It coherently superimposes with the projection weights at the transmitting end; (4) Apply a synchronous adjustable external field to the transmitting end and the receiving end through an external field generating device to modulate their projection angles respectively. and ; (5) The projection angles of the transmitting end and the receiving end are synchronously modulated to a critical value by a synchronization control system. ,make This triggers the instantaneous transmission of macroscopic quantum states; (6) Measure the projected weight at the receiver using a quantum state readout system. The changes confirmed the successful transmission of the quantum state.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase locking of the instantaneous transmission of the macroscopic quantum state described in step (5) is determined by the topological Chern number:

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The modulation energy of the external field in step (4) is: in For external field modulation frequency, The static projection angle of the material.

10. The macroscopic quantum state transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The topological Chern number of the topologically nontrivial material element It can be controlled by twist angle, external magnetic field, artificial gauge field or gate voltage.

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