Audio and video content playing processing method, device, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The present application relates to a method and device for playing audio and video content, equipment, medium and product, the method comprising: obtaining a play key ciphertext, the play key ciphertext is encrypted by using a first encryption key, the first encryption key belongs to a first key pair generated by a server, obtaining a first decryption key in the first key pair, and decrypting the play key ciphertext by using the first decryption key to obtain a play key plaintext, and then playing the transmission fragments of the audio and video content after decryption by using the play key plaintext. In the present application, the play key is encrypted by using the first encryption key and transmitted in the form of ciphertext. By transmitting the play key ciphertext, the security of the play key transmission is improved, and the security of the audio and video content playing is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This article relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, medium and product for playing and processing audio and video content. Background Technology

[0002] HLS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Live Streaming) is a streaming media transmission protocol. Playback of audio and video content based on this protocol requires decryption using a playback key. Current methods of audio and video content playback processing have relatively low security. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address, or at least partially address, the aforementioned technical problems, this document provides a method, apparatus, device, medium, and product for playing and processing audio and video content.

[0004] Firstly, a method for processing audio and video content playback is provided, the method comprising: Obtain the playback key ciphertext; the playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key, the first encryption key belongs to a first key pair, and the first key pair is generated by the server. Obtain the first decryption key from the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext; The transmitted segments of audio and video content are decrypted and played using the plaintext of the playback key.

[0005] Secondly, a method for playing and processing audio and video content is provided, the method comprising: Generate a first key pair; the first key pair includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key; The playback key is encrypted using the first encryption key to obtain the ciphertext of the playback key; In response to the first request sent by the player component, the ciphertext of the playback key is returned to the player component; In response to a second request sent by the client, the first decryption key is returned to the client; the client is used to forward the first decryption key to the player component, and the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key, and the plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

[0006] Thirdly, a method for playing and processing audio and video content is provided, the method comprising: Obtain the first decryption key from the server; the first decryption key belongs to the first key pair, and the first key pair is generated by the server. The first decryption key is sent to the player component; the player component is used to decrypt the playback key ciphertext using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext, the playback key ciphertext being obtained by the server using the first encryption key, the first encryption key being part of the first key pair, and the playback key plaintext being used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

[0007] Fourthly, an audio / video content playback and processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the playback key ciphertext; the playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key, the first encryption key belongs to a first key pair, and the first key pair is generated by the server. The first decryption module is used to obtain the first decryption key in the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext. The second decryption module is used to decrypt the transmitted segments of audio and video content using the plaintext of the playback key before playback.

[0008] Fifthly, an audio / video content playback and processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising: A generation module is used to generate a first key pair; the first key pair includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key; An encryption module is used to encrypt the playback key using the first encryption key to obtain the playback key ciphertext; The first return module is used to respond to a first request sent by the player component and return the ciphertext of the playback key to the player component; The second return module is used to respond to a second request sent by the client and return the first decryption key to the client; the client is used to forward the first decryption key to the player component, and the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key, and the plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

[0009] Sixthly, an audio / video content playback and processing apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising: The third acquisition module is used to acquire the first decryption key from the server; the first decryption key belongs to the first key pair, and the first key pair is generated by the server; The second sending module is used to send the first decryption key to the player component; the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext, the playback key ciphertext is obtained by the server using the first encryption key, the first encryption key belongs to the first key pair, and the playback key plaintext is used to decrypt the transmission segments of audio and video content and then play them.

[0010] In a seventh aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: a processor; a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; the processor being configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the audio and video content playback processing method provided herein.

[0011] Eighthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above-described method for playing audio and video content.

[0012] Ninthly, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product including a computer program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method for playing audio and video content.

[0013] The technical solution provided in this paper has at least the following advantages compared with existing technologies: In the audio and video content playback processing method provided in this article, the playback key ciphertext is first obtained. The playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key. The first encryption key belongs to the first key pair generated by the server. Then, the first decryption key in the first key pair is obtained, and the playback key ciphertext is decrypted using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext. Then, the transmission fragments of the audio and video content are decrypted and played using the playback key plaintext.

[0014] This paper uses the first encryption key to encrypt the playback key and then transmits it in ciphertext form. By transmitting the playback key in ciphertext, the security of the playback key transmission is improved, thereby further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments herein will become more apparent when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of an audio / video content playback processing method provided for embodiments of this article; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for playing audio and video content, provided for embodiments of this document; Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another method for playing audio and video content, provided for the embodiments of this article; Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating yet another method for playing audio and video content, provided as an embodiment of this article; Figure 5 A data interaction diagram illustrating an audio / video content playback processing method provided for embodiments of this document; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an audio and video content playback processing device provided for the embodiments of this article; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another audio / video content playback processing device provided for embodiments of this article; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of another audio and video content playback processing device provided for the embodiments of this article; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for the embodiments of this article. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments described herein will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this document can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the document. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this document.

[0018] It should be understood that the steps described in the method embodiments herein may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method embodiments may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of this document is not limited in this respect.

[0019] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended inclusions, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.

[0020] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this article are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "one" and "more" used in this document are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0022] The names of messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in the embodiments herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0023] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of this article, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in this article in an appropriate manner in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, and user authorization should be obtained.

[0024] HLS (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Live Streaming) is a streaming media transmission protocol. The standard encryption scheme of this streaming media transmission protocol is as follows: the server divides the audio and video content into multiple transmission segments and encrypts each segment using a symmetric encryption algorithm. When the player component plays the video, it requests the playback key from the key service based on the key address recorded in the index file. After receiving the playback key, it decrypts the transmission segments one by one and plays them.

[0025] However, because the playback keys issued by the key service are transmitted in plaintext, there is a risk of data loss in the key request link, resulting in low security for audio and video content.

[0026] Therefore, this paper provides a method for playing audio and video content. Specifically, firstly, the ciphertext of the playback key is obtained. This ciphertext is encrypted using a first encryption key, which belongs to a first key pair generated by the server. Then, the first decryption key from the first key pair is obtained, and the ciphertext is decrypted using this first decryption key to obtain the plaintext playback key. Finally, the plaintext playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmitted segments of the audio and video content. This paper uses the first encryption key to encrypt the playback key and transmits it in ciphertext form. By transmitting the playback key in ciphertext form, the security of the playback key transmission is improved, further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback.

[0027] To facilitate understanding, this paper provides an application scenario for an audio and video content playback processing method. This method can be applied to server-side, client-side, and player components. The client can be deployed on a personal computer, tablet, smartphone, etc., the server can be deployed on any server, and the player component is deployed on the client.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an application scenario of an audio / video content playback processing method provided in this embodiment. The application scenario includes a server 101, a player component 102, and a client 103. The player component 102 is deployed on the client 103.

[0029] The server 101 obtains the playback key, which is used to decrypt the transmission fragments of the audio and video content.

[0030] In related technologies, the playback key issued by the key service is in plaintext, which poses a security risk. Therefore, this paper uses server 101 to encrypt the playback key using the first encryption key in the first key pair, obtaining ciphertext playback key for transmission. Server 101 in this paper is used to generate the first key pair.

[0031] In one scenario, to reduce the complexity of subsequent interactions between the server and the player components and improve the playback stability of audio and video content, the first key pair may include a single key, i.e., the first encryption key and the first decryption key in the first key pair are the same key. Specifically, the first key pair may be a symmetric key pair generated using a key generation method.

[0032] Based on the above implementation method, in order to improve the security of the first key pair, different preset symmetric key derivation rules can be set according to business differences, so as to generate the first key pair based on the preset symmetric key derivation rules. The preset symmetric key derivation rules can be jointly determined in advance by the server 101 and the client 103.

[0033] In one scenario, the pre-defined symmetric key derivation rule can be determined based on key information in the playback address of the audio / video content. This key information includes parameters carried in the playback address, such as audio / video content identifiers, tokens, timestamp information, etc. The timestamp information can include a start timestamp and an end timestamp, which are used to identify the validity period of the playback key.

[0034] In another scenario, the pre-defined symmetric key derivation rule can also be determined based on device information, which may include device identifiers such as International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMSI), Mobile Equipment Identity (MII), Media Access Control (MAC) address, device model, etc.

[0035] When server 101 receives the first request sent by the player component, it returns the encrypted playback key to the player component.

[0036] In one scenario, when server 101 receives the first request sent by player component 102, server 101 can obtain the playback key ciphertext through key server and then return the playback key ciphertext to player component 102.

[0037] The player component 102 obtains the playback key ciphertext, which is obtained by the server 101 using a first encryption key. The first encryption key belongs to a first key pair, which is generated by the server 101.

[0038] After obtaining the ciphertext of the playback key, the player component 102 needs to obtain the first decryption key from the first key pair in order to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key and obtain the plaintext of the playback key.

[0039] In one scenario, the player component 102 can obtain the first decryption key from the server 101. Specifically, it sends a request to the server 101 to obtain the first decryption key. After receiving the request, the server returns the first decryption key to the player component. After receiving the first decryption key, the player component uses the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key.

[0040] In another scenario, the player component 102 can also obtain the first decryption key from the client 103. Specifically, it sends a request to the client to obtain the first decryption key. After receiving the request, the client returns the first decryption key to the player component. The player component then uses the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key.

[0041] After the player component 102 decrypts the ciphertext of the playback key using the first decryption key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key, it can decrypt the transmission segments of the audio and video content based on the plaintext of the playback key, and then play them. The transmission segments can be multiple audio and video content fragment units obtained by dividing the audio and video content.

[0042] The client 103 is used to obtain a first decryption key from the server 101. The first decryption key belongs to a first key pair, which is generated by the server 101.

[0043] After obtaining the first decryption key, the client 103 sends the first decryption key to the player component 102, so that the player component 102 can use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext.

[0044] In one scenario, after obtaining the first decryption key, the client 103 can directly send the first decryption key to the player component 102, so that the player component can decrypt the playback key ciphertext based on the first decryption key.

[0045] Furthermore, to prevent the first decryption key from being lost and to further enhance the security of the playback key, after obtaining the first decryption key, the client 103 can also encrypt the first decryption key and then send the encrypted first decryption key to the player component, thereby preventing the first decryption key from being lost during transmission.

[0046] In one scenario, the client can encrypt the first decryption key based on the second encryption key. Specifically, the client first obtains the second encryption key and then uses it to encrypt the first decryption key to obtain the ciphertext of the first decryption key.

[0047] The second encryption key belongs to the second key pair, which includes the second encryption key and the second decryption key.

[0048] In one scenario, the second key pair can be obtained through the player component. Specifically, after obtaining the second key pair, the player component 102 sends the second encryption key to the client 103, so that the client 103 can use the second encryption key to encrypt the first decryption key and obtain the first decryption key ciphertext.

[0049] Then, the client 103 sends the ciphertext of the first decryption key to the player component 102, so that the player component 102 can use the second decryption key corresponding to the second encryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the first decryption key and obtain the plaintext of the first decryption key.

[0050] In the audio and video content playback processing method provided in this article, the player component requests the ciphertext of the playback key from the server, obtains the ciphertext of the playback key, requests the first decryption key from the client, and after obtaining the first decryption key, uses the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key. Then, the plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt the transmission segments of the audio and video content, and then play them.

[0051] As can be seen, the audio and video content playback processing method provided in this paper uses the first encryption key in the first key pair generated based on the preset symmetric key derivation rule to encrypt the playback key on the server side, and sends the encrypted playback key ciphertext to the player component. This allows the server to transmit the playback key to the player component in ciphertext form, which improves the security of the playback key during the transmission process from the server to the player component, and further enhances the security of audio and video content playback.

[0052] In addition, the client uses the second encryption key in the second key pair provided by the player component to encrypt the first decryption key, and then sends the ciphertext of the first decryption key back to the player component. This allows the client to transmit the ciphertext of the first decryption key to the player component in ciphertext form, which improves the security of the first decryption key during the transmission process from the client to the player component, and further enhances the security of the playback key.

[0053] To facilitate further understanding, the embodiments of this document provide a method for playing audio and video content. This method can be executed by an audio and video content playback processing device, which can be implemented using at least one of software and hardware, and is generally integrated into any electronic device. Specifically, this audio and video content playback processing method can be applied to a player component, which can be player software installed and deployed on a client, such as a player software development kit (SDK). Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a method for playing audio and video content according to an embodiment of this paper. The method includes: 201: Obtain the ciphertext of the playback key.

[0054] The playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key, which belongs to a first key pair and is generated by the server.

[0055] The playback key ciphertext in this article is obtained by the server encrypting the playback key using the first encryption key. The first encryption key belongs to the first key pair, which can be generated by the server.

[0056] In one scenario, the first key pair may include a single key, meaning that the first encryption key and the first decryption key in the first key pair are the same key. Specifically, the first key pair may be a symmetric key pair generated using a key generation method.

[0057] The player component can send a first request to the server to obtain the playback key ciphertext.

[0058] 202: Obtain the first decryption key from the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext.

[0059] After obtaining the ciphertext of the playback key, the player component needs to obtain the first decryption key corresponding to the first encryption key in order to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key.

[0060] In one scenario, since the playback key ciphertext is encrypted by the server using a first encryption key, and the first key pair to which the first encryption key belongs is generated by the server, the player component can send an acquisition request to the server to obtain the first decryption key.

[0061] In another scenario, based on the above, to prevent the first decryption key from being lost during the process of the server sending the first decryption key to the player component, which would then lead to the loss of the playback key, the server can send the first decryption key to the client. In this case, the player component can obtain the first decryption key from the client after receiving it from the server.

[0062] In one scenario, after the player component obtains the first decryption key, if the player component obtains an encrypted first decryption key, i.e., the first decryption key ciphertext, then it is still necessary to decrypt the obtained first decryption key ciphertext.

[0063] Specifically, the player component can use the second decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the first decryption key, obtaining the plaintext of the first decryption key. The second decryption key and the second encryption key belong to the same key pair.

[0064] In one scenario, before decrypting the ciphertext of the first decryption key using the second decryption key, the player component also needs to obtain a second key pair to obtain a second decryption key, wherein the second key pair includes a second decryption key and a second encryption key.

[0065] In another scenario, the second key pair can be a key pair generated internally by the player component. Furthermore, to enhance security, the second key pair can include an asymmetric public key and an asymmetric private key, which can be generated through preset asymmetric encryption rules. In this second key pair, the second encryption key is an asymmetric public key, and the second decryption key is an asymmetric private key.

[0066] In one scenario, a second key pair is generated by pre-setting asymmetric encryption rules; the second encryption key is an asymmetric public key, and the second decryption key is an asymmetric private key.

[0067] The player component in this paper obtains a second key pair and sends the second encryption key from the second key pair to the client. The client then uses asymmetric encryption to encrypt the first decryption key, enhancing the security of the first decryption key during transmission from the client to the player component. Furthermore, because asymmetric encryption is used to encrypt the first decryption key—meaning the second encryption and decryption keys are separate—even if the ciphertext of the first decryption key is lost during transmission, a usable first decryption key will not be obtained, thus further improving its security.

[0068] The embodiments of this article provide a method for playing audio and video content. The method involves obtaining a playback key ciphertext through a player component. This playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting the playback key with a first encryption key, which belongs to a first key pair generated by the server. Then, a first decryption key from the first key pair is obtained, and the playback key ciphertext is decrypted using the first decryption key to obtain a playback key plaintext. Finally, the playback key plaintext is used to decrypt the transmission segments of the audio and video content before playback.

[0069] This paper uses the first encryption key to encrypt the playback key and then transmits it in ciphertext form. By transmitting the playback key in ciphertext, the security of the playback key transmission is improved, thereby further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback.

[0070] In one scenario, after the player component obtains the second key pair, in order for the client to use the second encryption key in the second key pair to encrypt the first decryption key, the player component also needs to send the second encryption key to the client so that the client can use the second encryption key to encrypt the first decryption key.

[0071] Furthermore, after the player component sends a second encryption key to the client, and the client uses the second encryption key to encrypt the first decryption key to obtain the first decryption key ciphertext, the player component can also receive an encryption status flag from the client, which is used to indicate whether the playback key is encrypted.

[0072] In one scenario, if an encryption status indicator is detected indicating that the playback key has been encrypted, the first decryption key from the first key pair is obtained, and the playback key ciphertext is decrypted using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext.

[0073] In another scenario, if an encryption status indicator is detected indicating that the playback key is not encrypted, the playback key is used to decrypt the transmitted segments of the audio and video content before playback. In this case, the playback key obtained by the player component is in an unencrypted state.

[0074] In one scenario, in response to the encryption status indicator indicating that the playback key is not encrypted, the transmission fragments of the audio and video content are decrypted using the playback key and then played.

[0075] In another scenario, in practical applications, playback keys may fail due to invalid keys or users may lack permission to view audio and video content. Therefore, the encryption status indicator in this article can also be used to indicate whether the playback key acquisition has failed.

[0076] Based on the above, if an encryption status indicator is detected indicating that the playback key acquisition has failed, the decryption of the transmitted audio and video content fragments can be stopped.

[0077] In one scenario, the encryption status identifier is also used to indicate whether the playback key acquisition failed; In response to the encryption status indicator indicating that the playback key acquisition failed, the decryption of the transmission segments of the audio and video content is stopped.

[0078] As can be seen, by setting the encryption status flag, the player component can be controlled to perform differentiated processing logic on the playback key, achieving compatibility and adaptation with the HLS standard encryption protocol and enhanced encryption methods. In addition, it also supports a fault-tolerant mechanism that triggers the stop decryption operation when the playback key acquisition fails, which can avoid the waste of computing resources.

[0079] To facilitate further understanding, the embodiments of this document also provide another method for playing audio and video content. This method can be executed by an audio and video content playback processing device, which can be implemented using at least one of software and hardware, and is generally integrated into any electronic device. Specifically, this audio and video content playback processing method can be applied to a server. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating a method for playing audio and video content according to an embodiment of this paper. The method includes: 301: Generate the first key pair.

[0080] The first key pair includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key.

[0081] The first encryption key in the first key pair in this article is used to encrypt the playback key. In one case, in order to reduce the complexity of subsequent interactions between the server and the player components and improve the playback stability of audio and video content, the first key pair may include a single key, that is, the first encryption key and the first decryption key in the first key pair are the same key.

[0082] In one scenario, the first key pair can be a symmetric key pair generated based on a key generation method, meaning that the first encryption key and the first decryption key in the first key pair are the same key.

[0083] Based on the above implementation method, in order to improve the security of the first key pair, different preset symmetric key derivation rules can be set according to business differences, so as to generate the first key pair based on the preset symmetric key derivation rules. The preset symmetric key derivation rules can be jointly determined by the server and the client in advance.

[0084] In one scenario, the pre-defined symmetric key derivation rule can be determined based on key information in the playback address of the audio / video content. This key information includes parameters carried in the playback address, such as audio / video content identifiers, tokens, timestamp information, etc. The timestamp information can include a start timestamp and an end timestamp, which are used to identify the validity period of the playback key.

[0085] In another scenario, the pre-defined symmetric key derivation rule can also be determined based on device information, which may include device identifiers such as International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMSI), Mobile Equipment Identity (MII), Media Access Control (MAC) address, device model, etc.

[0086] By setting preset symmetric key derivation rules on both the server and client sides based on business-specific settings, the derivation rules for each business can be made relatively independent, further enhancing the security of playback keys corresponding to different businesses.

[0087] 302: Encrypt the playback key using the first encryption key to obtain the playback key ciphertext.

[0088] After the server generates the first key pair, it uses the first encryption key in the first key pair to encrypt the playback key, thus obtaining the ciphertext of the playback key.

[0089] In one scenario, after obtaining the encrypted playback key, the server can store it on a key server, which is then used to return the playback key to the player component. This key server can be developed and deployed independently by the business unit to reduce the risk of playback key loss and enhance security.

[0090] In addition to the above, an attribute field can be added to the index file storing the playback key. This attribute field is used to identify whether the playback key is encrypted.

[0091] 303: In response to a first request sent by the player component, the playback key ciphertext is returned to the player component.

[0092] When the server receives the first request from the player component, it returns the encrypted playback key to the player component. The first request is used to obtain the playback key.

[0093] In one scenario, if the playback key ciphertext is stored on the key server, then upon receiving the first request from the player component, the playback key ciphertext is retrieved from the key server and returned to the player component.

[0094] This article describes how the playback key is encrypted on the server side before being sent to the player component. This ensures that the content returned to the player component is ciphertext instead of plaintext, thus avoiding the transmission of the playback key in plaintext during key transmission, improving the security of the playback key, and further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback.

[0095] 304: In response to a second request sent by the client, the first decryption key is returned to the client.

[0096] The client is used to forward the first decryption key to the player component, and the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key. The plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

[0097] To further enhance the security of the playback key, the server can distribute the first decryption key and the playback key ciphertext to the client and player components through different paths, thereby decoupling the playback key ciphertext and the first decryption key. With this technical solution, even if the playback key ciphertext is lost during transmission or storage, attackers will not be able to decrypt and obtain the playback key because they have not obtained the corresponding first decryption key.

[0098] In one scenario, to further enhance the security of playback key transmission, the server can pre-configure a preset encrypted communication method to send the first decryption key to the client. This preset encrypted communication method may include a pre-defined encrypted communication protocol. Specifically, upon receiving a second request from the client, the server returns the first decryption key to the client via the preset encrypted communication method, allowing the client to then send the first decryption key to the player component.

[0099] In one scenario, in response to a second request sent by the client, the first decryption key is returned to the client via a preset encrypted communication method.

[0100] The embodiments of this paper provide a method for playing audio and video content. By generating a first key pair using the server, the playback key is encrypted using the first encryption key in the first key pair to obtain the ciphertext of the playback key. This ensures that the playback key sent by the server to the player component is in ciphertext state, which can improve the security of the playback key during transmission. In addition, the server also sends the first decryption key corresponding to the ciphertext of the playback key to the client, realizing the separation of the ciphertext of the playback key and the first decryption key, further improving the security of the playback key.

[0101] To facilitate further understanding, the embodiments of this document provide a method for playing audio and video content. This method can be executed by an audio and video content playback processing device, which can be implemented using at least one of software and hardware, and is generally integrated into any electronic device. Specifically, this audio and video content playback processing method can be applied to a client that has a player component deployed on it. Figure 4 The diagram shown illustrates another audio / video content playback processing method provided in the embodiments of this paper, wherein the method includes: 401: Obtain the first decryption key from the server.

[0102] The first decryption key belongs to the first key pair, which is generated by the server.

[0103] The client in this article can send a second request to the server to obtain the first decryption key returned by the server.

[0104] 402: Send the first decryption key to the player component.

[0105] The player component is used to decrypt the playback key ciphertext using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext. The playback key ciphertext is obtained by the server using the first encryption key, which belongs to the first key pair. The playback key plaintext is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

[0106] After the client obtains the first decryption key, it sends the first decryption key to the player component so that the player component can use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext and obtain the playback key plaintext.

[0107] In one scenario, the client can directly send the first decryption key obtained from the server to the player component, so that the player component can use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext and obtain the playback key plaintext.

[0108] In another scenario, to prevent the first decryption key from being lost during transmission from the client to the player component and to improve the security of the playback key, the client can also encrypt the first decryption key before transmitting it.

[0109] Specifically, the client obtains a second encryption key, which is used to encrypt the first decryption key. This is a second key pair. Since asymmetric encryption is highly secure, the second key pair in this paper can include an asymmetric key pair, which includes an asymmetric public key and an asymmetric private key. The encryption end uses the asymmetric public key to complete the encryption, and the decryption end uses the corresponding asymmetric private key to complete the decryption.

[0110] In one scenario, the second key pair can be obtained through the player component. Specifically, the player component obtains the second key pair and then sends the second encryption key to the client.

[0111] After the client obtains the second encryption key, the client uses the second encryption key to encrypt the first decryption key to obtain the first decryption key ciphertext, and then sends the first decryption key ciphertext to the player component.

[0112] After the player component receives the first decryption key ciphertext sent by the client, it calls the second decryption key corresponding to the second encryption key to decrypt the first decryption key ciphertext and obtain the first decryption key plaintext.

[0113] The client in this paper encrypts the first decryption key using a second encryption key to obtain the ciphertext of the first decryption key, which is then sent to the player component. The player component decrypts the ciphertext of the first decryption key using the second decryption key corresponding to the second encryption key to obtain the plaintext of the first decryption key. Therefore, the proposed scheme effectively avoids the loss of the plaintext of the first decryption key during transmission, further improving the security of the playback key.

[0114] To further understand the above content, based on the application scenario diagram of the audio and video content playback processing method provided in this article, we will still refer to the above. Figure 1 As shown in the diagram, the application scenario of this audio and video content playback processing method includes a server 101, a player component 102, and a client 103, where the player component 102 is deployed on the client 103. Assume the first key pair is a single key, hereinafter referred to as the key; the second key pair is an asymmetric key pair, the second encryption key is an asymmetric public key, and the second decryption key is an asymmetric private key.

[0115] In one scenario, a playback key is generated during the audio / video transcoding stage, and the server 101 obtains this playback key.

[0116] In one scenario, server 101 can generate a key based on a preset symmetric key derivation rule, and after generating the key, use the key to encrypt the aforementioned playback key to obtain the playback key ciphertext.

[0117] After obtaining the playback key ciphertext on the server 101, the playback key ciphertext is stored on the key server 104, which can be independently developed and deployed by the business party.

[0118] In one scenario, when client 103 enables the enhanced encryption switch set in the player component and initiates a playback request, player component 102 generates a second key pair based on a preset asymmetric encryption rule. The second key pair includes a second encryption key (asymmetric public key) and a second decryption key (asymmetric private key).

[0119] After the player component 102 obtains the second key pair, it sends the second encryption key to the client 103 so that the client can use the second encryption key to perform asymmetric encryption on the first decryption key.

[0120] In addition, client 103 sends a second request to server 101. After receiving the second request, server 101 returns the key to client 103 through a preset encrypted communication method.

[0121] After obtaining the key, the client 103 uses the obtained second encryption key to encrypt the key and obtain the key ciphertext.

[0122] After obtaining the key ciphertext, the client sets the encryption status flag and sends the key ciphertext and encryption status flag to the player component 102.

[0123] After receiving the ciphertext key, if the player component 102 detects that the encryption status indicator indicates that the playback key is encrypted, the player component first decrypts the ciphertext key based on the second decryption key in the second key pair to obtain the plaintext key. Then, the player component 102 sends a first request to the server 101 to request the playback key ciphertext.

[0124] After receiving the first request, server 101 obtains the playback key ciphertext through key server 104 and returns the playback key ciphertext to player component 102.

[0125] After obtaining the ciphertext of the playback key, the player component uses the plaintext key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key a second time, obtaining the plaintext playback key.

[0126] After the player component obtains the plaintext of the playback key, it decrypts the transmitted segments of the audio and video content and plays them after decryption.

[0127] As can be seen, the audio and video content playback processing method provided in this paper uses a key generated by the server based on a preset symmetric key derivation rule to encrypt the playback key, and then sends the encrypted playback key ciphertext to the player component. This allows the server to transmit the playback key to the player component in ciphertext form, which improves the security of the playback key during the transmission process from the server to the player component, and further enhances the security of audio and video content playback.

[0128] In addition, the client uses the asymmetric key pair provided by the player component to encrypt the key sent by the server using the asymmetric public key, and then sends the encrypted key back to the player component. This allows the client to transmit the first decryption key in encrypted form to the player component, which improves the security of the key during the transmission process from the client to the player component and further enhances the security of the playback key.

[0129] To further understand the above content, this article also provides a data interaction diagram of an audio and video content playback processing method. Specifically, this data interaction diagram is for the playback stage, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown.

[0130] First, the client enables enhanced encryption and sends a playback request for the audio and video content.

[0131] After receiving a playback request, the player component sends a request to the server to obtain the ciphertext of the playback key according to the native standard encryption protocol process. The server obtains the ciphertext of the playback key through the key server and returns the ciphertext of the playback key to the player component.

[0132] After receiving the ciphertext of the playback key, the player component sends a callback function to the client, distributing the asymmetric public key (i.e., the second encryption key in the second key pair) to the client. This asymmetric public key and asymmetric private key can be generated by the player component based on preset asymmetric encryption rules.

[0133] After receiving the asymmetric public key, the client sends a request to the server to obtain the key, which is a symmetric key generated by the server based on a preset symmetric key derivation rule.

[0134] The server returns the key to the client. After receiving the key, the client encrypts it using an asymmetric public key to obtain the key ciphertext and sets an encryption status flag, which is used to indicate whether the playback key is encrypted.

[0135] Then, the client sends the ciphertext of the key and the encryption status identifier to the player component. After receiving the ciphertext of the key, if the player component detects that the encryption status identifier indicates that the playback key is encrypted, the player component decrypts the ciphertext of the key based on the asymmetric private key to obtain the plaintext of the key.

[0136] Then, after obtaining the plaintext key, the player component uses the plaintext key to decrypt the ciphertext key a second time, obtaining the plaintext key.

[0137] After the player component obtains the plaintext of the playback key, it decrypts the transmitted segments of the audio and video content based on the plaintext of the playback key, and then plays them after decryption.

[0138] In the audio and video content playback processing method provided in this paper, the server uses a key generated based on a preset symmetric key derivation rule to encrypt the playback key, and then sends the encrypted playback key ciphertext to the player component. This allows the server to transmit the playback key to the player component in ciphertext form, thereby improving the security of the playback key during the transmission process from the server to the player component and further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback.

[0139] In addition, the client uses the asymmetric key pair provided by the player component to encrypt the key sent by the server using the public key, and then sends the encrypted key back to the player component. This allows the client to transmit the first decryption key in encrypted form to the player component, which improves the security of the key during the transmission process from the client to the player component and further enhances the security of the playback key.

[0140] To implement the above embodiments, this paper also proposes an audio and video content playback processing device. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an audio / video content playback processing device provided for embodiments of this document. This device can be implemented by at least one of software and hardware, and is generally integrated into an electronic device. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes: The first acquisition module 601 is used to acquire the playback key ciphertext; the playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key, the first encryption key belongs to a first key pair, and the first key pair is generated by the server. The first decryption module 602 is used to obtain the first decryption key in the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext. The second decryption module 603 is used to decrypt and play the transmission fragments of audio and video content using the plaintext of the playback key.

[0141] In one scenario, the first decryption module includes a first acquisition submodule, which includes: The second acquisition submodule is used to acquire the first decryption key ciphertext; the first decryption key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it using the second encryption key. The first decryption submodule is used to decrypt the ciphertext of the first decryption key using the second decryption key to obtain the plaintext of the first decryption key; the second decryption key and the second encryption key belong to the same key pair.

[0142] In one embodiment, the device further includes: The second acquisition module is used to acquire a second key pair; the second key pair includes the second encryption key and the second decryption key. A first sending module is used to send the second encryption key to a client; the client is used to encrypt the first decryption key using the second encryption key to obtain the ciphertext of the first decryption key.

[0143] In one scenario, the second acquisition module is specifically used for: A second key pair is generated by pre-setting asymmetric encryption rules; the second encryption key is an asymmetric public key, and the second decryption key is an asymmetric private key.

[0144] In one embodiment, the device further includes: The first receiving module is used to receive an encryption status identifier from the client; the encryption status identifier is used to identify whether the playback key is encrypted. The first decryption module is specifically used for: In response to the encryption status indicator indicating that the playback key is encrypted, the first decryption key in the first key pair is obtained, and the ciphertext of the playback key is decrypted using the first decryption key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key.

[0145] In one embodiment, the device further includes: The third decryption module is used to decrypt the transmission segments of the audio and video content and play them after the encryption status indicator indicates that the playback key is not encrypted.

[0146] In one embodiment, the device further includes: The identification module is used for the encryption status identification and also for identifying whether the playback key acquisition failed; The decryption module is stopped in response to the encryption status indicator indicating that the playback key acquisition has failed, and the decryption of the transmission segments of the audio and video content is stopped.

[0147] In the audio and video content playback processing device provided in this article, the playback key ciphertext is obtained. The playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key. The first encryption key belongs to a first key pair generated by the server. Then, the first decryption key in the first key pair is obtained, and the playback key ciphertext is decrypted using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext. Then, the transmission fragments of the audio and video content are decrypted and played using the playback key plaintext.

[0148] This paper uses the first encryption key to encrypt the playback key and then transmits it in ciphertext form. By transmitting the playback key in ciphertext, the security of the playback key transmission is improved, thereby further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback.

[0149] Correspondingly, this paper also proposes an audio and video content playback and processing device. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another audio / video content playback processing device provided for embodiments of this document. This device can be implemented by at least one of software and hardware, and is generally integrated into an electronic device. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the device includes: The generation module 701 is used to generate a first key pair; the first key pair includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key. Encryption module 702 is used to encrypt the playback key using the first encryption key to obtain the playback key ciphertext; The first return module is used to respond to a first request sent by the player component and return the ciphertext of the playback key to the player component; The second return module is used to respond to a second request sent by the client and return the first decryption key to the client; the client is used to forward the first decryption key to the player component, and the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key, and the plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

[0150] In one scenario, the generation module is specifically used for: A first key pair is generated based on a preset symmetric key derivation rule; the first encryption key and the first decryption key are the same key.

[0151] In one embodiment, the device further includes: The storage module is used to store the encrypted playback key on the key server. The first return module is specifically used for: In response to the first request sent by the player component, the playback key ciphertext is obtained through the key server and returned to the player component.

[0152] In one scenario, the second return module is specifically used for: In response to a second request sent by the client, the first decryption key is returned to the client via a preset encrypted communication method.

[0153] In the audio and video content playback processing device provided herein, a first key pair is generated, which includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key. The playback key is then encrypted using the first encryption key to obtain ciphertext playback key. Upon receiving a first request from a player component, the ciphertext playback key is returned to the player component. Upon receiving a second request from a client, the first decryption key is returned to the client. The client forwards the first decryption key to the player component, which uses the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext playback key to obtain plaintext playback key. The plaintext playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmitted segments of the audio and video content.

[0154] This paper describes how the server encrypts the playback key using the first encryption key to obtain the ciphertext playback key, thus enabling the function of sending the ciphertext playback key to the player component. This prevents the playback key from being lost during the transmission process from the server to the player component. In addition, this approach ensures that even if the playback key is lost during transmission, a usable playback key will not be obtained, further enhancing the security of audio and video content playback.

[0155] Correspondingly, this paper also proposes an audio and video content playback and processing device. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another audio / video content playback processing device provided for embodiments of this article. This device can be implemented by at least one of software and hardware, and is generally integrated into an electronic device. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the device includes: The third acquisition module 801 is used to acquire a first decryption key from the server; the first decryption key belongs to a first key pair, and the first key pair is generated by the server; The second sending module 802 is used to send the first decryption key to the player component; the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext, the playback key ciphertext is obtained by the server using the first encryption key, the first encryption key belongs to the first key pair, and the playback key plaintext is used to decrypt the transmission segments of the audio and video content and then play them.

[0156] In one embodiment, the device further includes: The fourth acquisition module is used to acquire the second encryption key; The fifth acquisition module is used to encrypt the first decryption key using the second encryption key to obtain the first decryption key ciphertext; The third sending module is used to send the first decryption key ciphertext to the player component; the player component is used to decrypt the first decryption key ciphertext using the second decryption key corresponding to the second encryption key to obtain the first decryption key plaintext.

[0157] In the audio and video content playback processing device provided in this paper, firstly, a first decryption key is obtained from the server. This first decryption key belongs to a first key pair, which is generated by the server. Then, the first decryption key is sent to the player component. The player component uses the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext. The playback key ciphertext is obtained by the server using a first encryption key, which belongs to the first key pair. The playback key plaintext is used to decrypt the transmission segments of the audio and video content before playback.

[0158] This paper describes a method where the client obtains the first decryption key from the server and forwards it to the player component. This method separates the ciphertext of the first decryption key from the playback key, ensuring that even if the playback key is lost during transmission or storage, it cannot be decrypted because the corresponding first decryption key has not been obtained. This further prevents the loss of the playback key and improves the security of audio and video content playback.

[0159] In addition to the methods and apparatus described above, embodiments of this document also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a terminal device, cause the terminal device to implement the audio and video content playback processing method described in the embodiments of this document. This computer-readable storage medium has the same beneficial effects as embodiments of this method.

[0160] The embodiments of this article also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program / instructions. When executed by a processor, the computer program / instructions implement the audio and video content playback processing method described in the embodiments of this article. This computer program product has the same beneficial effects as the embodiments of this method.

[0161] Additionally, the embodiments herein also provide an electronic device, see [link to document]. Figure 9 As shown, it may include: The electronic device includes a processor 901, a memory 902, an input device 903, and an output device 904. The number of processors 901 in the electronic device can be one or more. Figure 9Taking a processor as an example. In some embodiments herein, the processor 901, memory 902, input device 903, and output device 904 may be connected via a bus or other means, wherein... Figure 9 Taking the example of a connection between China and Israel via a bus.

[0162] The memory 902 can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor 901 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 902. The memory 902 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function, etc. In addition, the memory 902 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device. The input device 903 can be used to receive input digital or character information, and to generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device.

[0163] Specifically, in this document, the processor 901 loads the executable files corresponding to the processes of one or more applications into the memory 902 according to the following instructions, and the processor 901 runs the applications stored in the memory 902, thereby realizing the various functions of the above-mentioned electronic device. This electronic device has the same beneficial effects as the embodiments of the above-mentioned method.

[0164] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0165] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for playing audio and video content, the method comprising: Obtain the playback key ciphertext; The playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key, which belongs to a first key pair and is generated by the server. Obtain the first decryption key from the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext; The transmitted segments of audio and video content are decrypted and played using the plaintext of the playback key.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the first decryption key in the first key pair comprises: Obtain the first decryption key ciphertext; The first decryption key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it using the second encryption key; The first decryption key ciphertext is decrypted using the second decryption key to obtain the first decryption key plaintext; the second decryption key and the second encryption key belong to the same key pair.

3. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: Obtain the second key pair; The second key pair includes the second encryption key and the second decryption key; Send the second encryption key to the client; The client is used to encrypt the first decryption key using the second encryption key to obtain the ciphertext of the first decryption key.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Receive the encryption status identifier from the client; The encryption status identifier is used to indicate whether the playback key is encrypted; Obtain the first decryption key from the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext, including: In response to the encryption status indicator indicating that the playback key is encrypted, the first decryption key in the first key pair is obtained, and the ciphertext of the playback key is decrypted using the first decryption key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key.

5. A method for playing audio and video content, the method comprising: Generate the first key pair; The first key pair includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key; The playback key is encrypted using the first encryption key to obtain the ciphertext of the playback key; In response to the first request sent by the player component, the ciphertext of the playback key is returned to the player component; In response to a second request sent by the client, the first decryption key is returned to the client; The client is used to forward the first decryption key to the player component, and the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key. The plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

6. The method according to claim 5, generating a first key pair, comprising: Based on the preset symmetric key derivation rules, the first key pair is generated; The first encryption key and the first decryption key are the same key.

7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: The playback key is stored in encrypted form on the key server. In response to a first request sent by the player component, the playback key ciphertext is returned to the player component, including: In response to the first request sent by the player component, the playback key ciphertext is obtained through the key server and returned to the player component.

8. A method for playing audio and video content, the method comprising: Obtain the first decryption key from the server; The first decryption key belongs to the first key pair, which is generated by the server. Send the first decryption key to the player component; The player component is used to decrypt the playback key ciphertext using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext. The playback key ciphertext is obtained by the server using the first encryption key, which belongs to the first key pair. The playback key plaintext is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: Obtain the second encryption key; The first decryption key is encrypted using the second encryption key to obtain the first decryption key ciphertext; Send the first decryption key ciphertext to the player component; The player component is used to decrypt the ciphertext of the first decryption key using the second decryption key corresponding to the second encryption key, so as to obtain the plaintext of the first decryption key.

10. An audio / video content playback processing apparatus, the apparatus comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the ciphertext of the playback key; The playback key ciphertext is obtained by encrypting it with a first encryption key, which belongs to a first key pair and is generated by the server. The first decryption module is used to obtain the first decryption key in the first key pair, and use the first decryption key to decrypt the playback key ciphertext to obtain the playback key plaintext. The second decryption module is used to decrypt the transmitted segments of audio and video content using the plaintext of the playback key before playback.

11. An audio / video content playback processing apparatus, the apparatus comprising: The generation module is used to generate the first key pair; The first key pair includes a first encryption key and a first decryption key; An encryption module is used to encrypt the playback key using the first encryption key to obtain the playback key ciphertext; The first return module is used to respond to a first request sent by the player component and return the ciphertext of the playback key to the player component; The second return module is used to return the first decryption key to the client in response to a second request sent by the client; The client is used to forward the first decryption key to the player component, and the player component is used to use the first decryption key to decrypt the ciphertext of the playback key to obtain the plaintext of the playback key. The plaintext of the playback key is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

12. An audio / video content playback processing apparatus, the apparatus comprising: The third acquisition module is used to obtain the first decryption key from the server. The first decryption key belongs to the first key pair, which is generated by the server. The second sending module is used to send the first decryption key to the player component; The player component is used to decrypt the playback key ciphertext using the first decryption key to obtain the playback key plaintext. The playback key ciphertext is obtained by the server using the first encryption key, which belongs to the first key pair. The playback key plaintext is used to decrypt and play the transmission segments of the audio and video content.

13. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: processor; Memory used to store the processor's executable instructions; The processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

14. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

15. A computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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