A load balancing adaptive optimization system and method for 6G ultra-dense networking

Abstract

The application discloses a 6G ultra-dense networking load balancing adaptive optimization system and method, and particularly relates to the technical field of wireless communication, which determines the current service group of a mobile terminal, and determines a bottleneck access unit according to the wireless resource occupation state of the wireless access unit in the group; determines a candidate access unit according to the link state and the remaining wireless resources of the adjacent wireless access unit and the mobile terminal, and forms a candidate service group; determines the releasable load according to the difference in wireless resource bearing before and after the reconstruction of the exiting access unit and the remaining bottleneck access unit, and determines the newly added service load and the service establishment additional load; determines the net unloading amount according to the above-mentioned load, screens the effective candidate service group, and determines the target service group to execute the service group reconstruction; and after the reconstruction is completed, the load estimation is checked and corrected according to the actual load change. The application can improve the matching degree of the load balancing decision and the actual resource change in the ultra-dense networking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a load balancing adaptive optimization system and method for 6G ultra-dense networking. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number of mobile terminals and service density, ultra-dense networks typically deploy multiple radio access units (RAUs). The service relationships of mobile terminals are adjusted based on the resource occupancy status of each RAU, the wireless measurement results of the mobile terminals, and the remaining resources of adjacent RAUs. When some RAUs are continuously under high load, existing load balancing methods generally select RAUs with lower load and satisfactory link conditions, transferring some services to the corresponding RAUs to reduce the resource consumption of high-load nodes.

[0003] However, in scenarios involving collaborative services from multiple radio access units (RLUs) and narrow-beam communication, adjusting service relationships can generate additional radio resource consumption, and the resource requirements for the same service may differ across RLUs. Therefore, determining the service transfer target solely based on the resource occupancy status and remaining resources before adjustment may result in insufficient offloading of high-load RLUs, or other RLUs forming new high-load states after service transfer, leading to discrepancies between the load balancing results and expectations. Therefore, it remains necessary to improve the load balancing methods in ultra-dense networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a load balancing adaptive optimization system and method for 6G ultra-dense networking to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adaptive optimization method for load balancing in 6G ultra-dense networking includes the following steps: Determine the current service group of the mobile terminal, and identify the bottleneck access unit based on the wireless resource occupancy status of each wireless access unit within the group; Candidate access units are determined based on the link status between adjacent wireless access units and mobile terminals and the remaining wireless resources. A candidate service group is formed by some wireless access units in the current service group and the candidate access units, and is compared with the current service group to determine the exiting access units and the newly added access units. Based on the differences in radio resource allocation before and after the exit of access units and the reconstruction of retained bottleneck access units, the releaseable load is determined, and the new service load after the new access unit enters stable service transmission and the additional service establishment load generated when establishing service relationships using narrow beam communication are determined. The net offload is obtained by subtracting the new business load and service establishment additional load from the releasable load. Candidate service groups are selected whose releasable load is greater than the sum of the new business load and service establishment additional load and whose new access units do not enter a high load state. The group with the larger net offload is identified as the target service group and service group reconstruction is performed.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, determining the releaseable load based on the difference in radio resource allocation before and after the reconfiguration of the exited access unit and the retained bottleneck access unit includes: Radio access units that exist in both the current service group and the candidate service group are identified as reserved access units; Based on the wireless resource scheduling records within the same statistical window, determine the actual wireless resources occupied by the mobile terminal when exiting the access unit, and determine the wireless resources as the load contribution of the mobile terminal to the exiting access unit. Based on the load contribution, determine the wireless resources reduced after the exiting access unit stops undertaking the mobile terminal's services. When the bottleneck access unit is a reserved access unit, the resource sharing relationship after reconstruction is determined based on the remaining radio resources of each radio access unit in the candidate service group and the link status with the mobile terminal, and the reduction of radio resources of the bottleneck access unit is determined based on the difference between the radio resource load before reconstruction and the expected radio resource load after reconstruction. The available load is determined based on the reduction of radio resources from exiting the access unit and the reduction of radio resources from the bottleneck access unit.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, determining the restructured resource sharing relationship includes: The radio resources available for mobile terminal services for each reserved access unit and newly added access unit within the candidate service group are determined separately. Based on the current service volume of the mobile terminal and the link status between the mobile terminal and each radio access unit, the radio resources expected to be occupied by each reserved access unit and newly added access unit when stably undertaking the corresponding service are determined. Prioritize allocating the portion of the services currently handled by the bottleneck access unit to new access units whose link status meets the service conditions required by the current services of the mobile terminal and whose remaining wireless resources can handle the portion of the services. When a newly added access unit is able to undertake the aforementioned portion of the services, the newly added access unit shall undertake the corresponding services; when a newly added access unit is unable to undertake all of the aforementioned portion of the services, other newly added access units or retained access units shall continue to undertake the remaining services, and the reconstructed resource sharing relationship shall be determined based on the service sharing results.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, determining the radio resources available for mobile terminal services for each reserved access unit and newly added access unit within the candidate service group includes: For newly added access units, based on the currently allocated amount of wireless resources, the total amount of wireless resources available for service scheduling, and preset high-load conditions, determine the amount of wireless resources that can be used for mobile terminal services without the service group entering a high-load state after reconstruction. For reserved access units, the radio resources that can continue to be used for mobile terminal services are determined based on the services currently undertaken and the remaining radio resources.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, determining the estimated radio resources required when a new access unit stably undertakes the corresponding service includes: The wireless resource usage per unit of valid service data is determined based on the amount of valid service data in one or more recent complete statistical windows of the mobile terminal and the corresponding actual wireless resource usage. Determine the modulation and coding state that the new access unit can adopt for the mobile terminal. When the new access unit adopts the same modulation and coding state as the current radio access unit that undertakes the mobile terminal service, determine the expected radio resources to be occupied based on the radio resource occupation corresponding to the unit's effective service data and the expected amount of effective service data of the mobile terminal. When a new access unit adopts a different modulation and coding state than the current wireless access unit that undertakes mobile terminal services, the expected wireless resources to be occupied are adjusted according to the effective service data volume that a unit of wireless resources can carry under the corresponding modulation and coding state of the new access unit, and the adjusted wireless resources are determined as the new service load.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, determining that the service establishes additional load includes: The system queries the historical beam measurement records of mobile terminals stored in the newly added access unit that uses narrow beam communication, determines the beam establishment status based on whether there are candidate beams that are within the validity period and whose link status meets the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, and determines the service establishment additional load based on the beam establishment status. When there is a candidate beam that meets the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, the candidate beam is used for beam confirmation, and the radio resources expected to be occupied by beam confirmation and service relationship establishment are included in the service establishment additional load. When there are no candidate beams that meet the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, beam scanning, beam measurement, and beam confirmation are performed on the candidate beams that can cover the current location of the mobile terminal, and the radio resources expected to be occupied by beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment are included in the service establishment additional load.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, determining service establishment additional load based on beamforming status includes: When a newly added access unit has a historical service establishment record with the same beam establishment state as the current beam establishment state, the initial estimate of the service establishment additional load is determined based on the actual radio resource occupancy in the historical service establishment records corresponding to the most recent multiple identical beam establishment states. When a newly added access unit does not have a historical service establishment record with the same beam establishment state as the current beam establishment state, the initial estimate of the additional load for service establishment is determined based on the radio resource configuration corresponding to the beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment process that need to be performed under the current beam establishment state.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, screening candidate service groups and determining target service groups includes: Candidate service groups whose releaseable load is greater than the sum of the new business load and the additional load of service establishment, and whose new access units do not enter a high-load state, are identified as valid candidate service groups. When there are multiple mobile terminals participating in the service of the bottleneck access unit, the load contribution of each mobile terminal to the bottleneck access unit is determined according to the actual radio resources occupied by each mobile terminal in the bottleneck access unit, and the mobile terminal to be reconstructed is determined from the mobile terminals with valid candidate service groups. When multiple mobile terminals have valid candidate service groups, the mobile terminal with the larger load contribution is given priority to be identified as the mobile terminal to be reconstructed; when the load contribution is the same, the mobile terminal with the larger net offload of the corresponding valid candidate service group is given priority to be identified as the mobile terminal to be reconstructed. From the valid candidate service groups corresponding to the mobile terminals to be reconstructed, the valid candidate service groups with larger net uninstallation volume are identified as the target service groups.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, after the execution service group is restructured, the following is further included: The wireless access units that exist in both the current service group and the target service group are identified as reserved access units; A reconstruction verification window is established with the completion time of service resource transfer as the starting point. Within the reconstruction verification window, wireless resource scheduling records generated by exiting access units, retained access units, and newly added access units for mobile terminals are obtained. The actual released load is determined based on the changes in radio resource usage before and after the exit of the access unit and the reconstruction of the retained bottleneck access unit. The actual new service load is determined based on the actual radio resource usage after the new access unit enters stable service transmission. The actual service establishment additional load is determined based on the radio resources actually used for beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation and service relationship establishment during the service establishment phase. The actual released load, the actual new business load, and the actual additional load for service establishment are compared with the releaseable load, the new business load, and the additional load for service establishment, respectively, to obtain the corresponding estimated deviations. When the wireless resource usage of the bottleneck access unit drops to the preset recovery range and the newly added access unit does not enter a high-load state, the current service group reconstruction is determined as a valid reconstruction. Based on the estimation deviation in the valid reconstructions that have reached the preset number of consecutive corrections, the releaseable load, the new service load, and the additional load for service establishment corresponding to the subsequent candidate service groups are corrected.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the following modules are included: The service status determination module is used to determine the current service group of the mobile terminal and to determine the bottleneck access unit based on the wireless resource occupancy status of each wireless access unit in the group. The candidate service group determination module is used to determine candidate access units based on the link status and remaining radio resources of adjacent radio access units and mobile terminals, form candidate service groups, determine exiting access units and new access units, determine releasable load based on the difference in radio resource responsibilities before and after the reconfiguration of exiting access units and retained bottleneck access units, determine new service load and service establishment additional load, and determine the net offload based on the releasable load, new service load and service establishment additional load. The service group reconstruction module is used to filter candidate service groups whose available load is greater than the sum of the new business load and the additional load of service establishment, and whose new access units do not enter a high load state. The group with the larger net offload is identified as the target service group and service group reconstruction is performed. The refactoring verification module is used to determine the actual released load, the actual newly added business load, and the actual additional load for service establishment after the service group refactoring is completed. It compares these values ​​with the corresponding releaseable load, newly added business load, and additional load for service establishment to obtain an estimated deviation. Based on the estimated deviation from multiple consecutive effective refactorings, it corrects the releaseable load, newly added business load, and additional load for service establishment corresponding to subsequent candidate service groups.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: When determining candidate service groups, this invention considers not only the radio resources that bottleneck access units can release, but also the new service load required for newly added access units to stably undertake services, as well as the additional service establishment load generated during service relationship establishment in narrow-beam communication. Based on this, the net offload of the candidate service group is determined. By excluding candidate service groups that cannot achieve effective net offload or would cause newly added access units to enter a high-load state, and then determining the target service group from the remaining candidate service groups, the basis for service group reconstruction changes from a simple judgment of remaining resources to a comprehensive judgment of actual resource changes before and after reconstruction. This helps avoid insufficient offload of bottleneck access units or new high-load states formed by newly added access units after service transfer, improving the consistency between load balancing decisions and actual resource changes.

[0016] Meanwhile, this invention determines the mobile terminals to be reconfigured based on the load contribution of mobile terminals to bottleneck access units and the net offload of effective candidate service groups. It completes service group reconfiguration by first establishing service relationships for new access units and then gradually transferring radio resources. This reduces the radio resource burden on bottleneck access units while maintaining service continuity during service transfer. After reconfiguration, the actual released load, actual new service load, and actual service establishment load are compared with the corresponding predicted results. Furthermore, the estimation bias generated by multiple consecutive effective reconfigurations is used to correct subsequent load estimates. This allows subsequent candidate service group judgments to gradually adapt to the actual network operating state, thereby improving the adaptability and stability of the ultra-dense network load balancing process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive optimization method for load balancing in 6G ultra-dense networking according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changing relationship between the current service group and candidate service group members in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship for determining the net unloading volume of candidate service groups in this invention. Figure 4 This is a timing diagram illustrating the service group reconstruction process of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between reconstruction verification and load estimation correction in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 6G ultra-dense network load balancing adaptive optimization system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: An adaptive optimization method for load balancing in 6G ultra-dense networking according to the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the current service group of the mobile terminal, obtain the wireless resource scheduling records of each wireless access unit in the group, identify the bottleneck access unit based on the wireless resource occupancy status, and determine the load contribution of the mobile terminal to each wireless access unit.

[0020] Step 2: Obtain the wireless measurement results of the mobile terminal to the adjacent wireless access units outside the current service group. Based on the link status and remaining wireless resources between the adjacent wireless access units and the mobile terminal, determine the candidate access units and form a candidate service group. Determine the releaseable load, new service load and service establishment additional load corresponding to the candidate service group, thereby obtaining the net offload, and screen the candidate service groups that can effectively offload the bottleneck access unit.

[0021] Step 3: Identify the mobile terminals to be reconstructed from the mobile terminals participating in the service of the bottleneck access unit, and determine the target service group from the corresponding valid candidate service groups; establish the service relationship between the newly added access unit and the mobile terminal, and gradually transfer radio resources to complete the service group reconstruction.

[0022] Step 4: After the service group is refactored, establish a refactoring verification window to determine the actual released load, the actual newly added business load, and the actual additional load for service establishment, and compare them with the corresponding estimation results. Based on the estimation deviation formed by multiple consecutive effective refactorings, correct subsequent load estimations.

[0023] Specifically: Step 1: Obtain the service relationship record of the mobile terminal to be analyzed, and determine the current service group based on the service relationship record. The service relationship record includes at least the mobile terminal identifier, the radio access unit identifier participating in the current cooperative transmission, and the corresponding service status. For radio access units that have entered the exit process but are still subject to actual radio resource scheduling, they are still included in the current service group before the service relationship with the mobile terminal is terminated.

[0024] The wireless resource scheduling records of each wireless access unit within the current service group are obtained according to a unified statistical window. Each wireless access unit uses the same statistical start and end times. The wireless resource scheduling record includes at least the total amount of wireless resources available for service scheduling within the statistical window, the amount of wireless resources already allocated, and the amount of wireless resources allocated to the mobile terminal. For retransmissions occurring after the initial transmission failure, the actual wireless resources used for the corresponding retransmission are included in the already allocated wireless resources. When different wireless access units use different resource configurations, the wireless resource scheduling results are converted to the same resource statistical caliber.

[0025] The resource occupancy status is determined based on the amount of radio resources already allocated to each radio access unit and the total amount of radio resources available for service scheduling. A radio access unit is identified as a high-load radio access unit when it reaches the preset high-load condition within multiple consecutive complete statistical windows. The preset high-load condition is set according to the allowed resource occupancy range for a radio access unit to maintain normal transmission of existing services, and is confirmed through consecutive statistical windows to exclude instantaneous load increases caused by short-term concentrated scheduling.

[0026] When there is only one high-load wireless access unit in the current service group, that wireless access unit is identified as the bottleneck access unit. When there are multiple high-load wireless access units, the wireless access unit with the highest resource consumption in the most recent complete statistical window is identified as the bottleneck access unit. When resource consumption is the same, the wireless access unit that has been in a high-load state for a longer period of time is identified as the bottleneck access unit. The bottleneck access unit is the wireless access unit whose wireless resource consumption needs to be reduced in this round of load balancing.

[0027] Based on the wireless resource scheduling records within the same statistical window, the actual wireless resources occupied by the mobile terminal in each wireless access unit within the current service group are calculated separately, and the corresponding results are determined as the load contribution of the mobile terminal to each wireless access unit. The load contribution includes the wireless resources actually occupied during normal service transmission and the wireless resources re-occupied due to retransmissions by the mobile terminal. The load contribution is determined separately according to the actual scheduling records, and is not evenly distributed according to the number of wireless access units in the current service group. For wireless access units within the current service group that have not been actually allocated wireless resources to the mobile terminal in the statistical window, their corresponding load contribution is recorded as zero.

[0028] When mobile terminal services are running continuously, the average result of actual wireless resource usage within the most recent multiple complete statistical windows can be used as the load contribution. When mobile terminal services are stopped, service relationships are terminated, or the current service group changes, the resource scheduling data after the status change will no longer be used to update the load contribution for this round.

[0029] After the above processing, the load contribution of the current service group, the bottleneck access unit, and the mobile terminal to each wireless access unit in the current service group is obtained.

[0030] Step two: Obtain the wireless measurement results of the mobile terminal for adjacent radio access units outside the current service group. For radio access units using narrow beam transmission, use the wireless measurement results of the corresponding candidate beam. When the link status between the adjacent radio access unit and the mobile terminal meets the service conditions required by the mobile terminal's current service, and the radio access unit has remaining radio resources that can be used for new services, it is identified as a candidate access unit.

[0031] Without exceeding a preset maximum number of cooperative services, a candidate service group is formed by a portion of the radio access units in the current service group and at least one candidate access unit. The candidate service group is a set of alternative radio access units capable of providing cooperative radio transmission to the mobile terminal in place of the current service group.

[0032] Each candidate service group is compared with the current service group according to its radio access unit identifier. Radio access units present in both the current service group and the candidate service group are identified as reserved access units; radio access units present only in the current service group are identified as exited access units; and radio access units present only in the candidate service group are identified as newly added access units. The membership change relationship between the current service group and the candidate service group is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0033] The releasable load corresponding to the candidate service group is determined based on the load contribution obtained in step one. The releasable load refers to the reduction in radio resource usage that can be achieved after the service group is restructured, due to the exiting access unit ceasing to undertake the mobile terminal service, or the bottleneck access unit reducing its radio resource load on the mobile terminal.

[0034] When a bottleneck access unit is a withdrawing access unit, the amount of radio resources it can release after withdrawal is determined based on its load contribution to the mobile terminal. When a bottleneck access unit is still a reserved access unit in a candidate service group, the reconstructed resource sharing relationship is determined based on the remaining radio resources of each radio access unit in the candidate service group and the link status corresponding to the mobile terminal. Then, the amount of radio resources that the bottleneck access unit can reduce is determined based on the difference in expected resource burden before and after reconstruction. If the expected resource consumption of a bottleneck access unit does not decrease after the establishment of a candidate service group, that candidate service group will no longer be considered a valid candidate service group.

[0035] When determining the resource sharing relationship after reconstruction, the remaining radio resources that can continue to be used for the mobile terminal service are determined for each reserved access unit and newly added access unit within the candidate service group. For newly added access units, the radio resources that can be used for the mobile terminal service without entering a high-load state after reconstruction are determined based on their currently allocated radio resources, the total amount of radio resources available for service scheduling, and preset high-load conditions. For reserved access units, the radio resources that can continue to be used for the mobile terminal service are determined based on the services they currently undertake and their remaining radio resources.

[0036] Based on the current traffic volume of the mobile terminal and the link status between the mobile terminal and each radio access unit, determine the estimated radio resources required for each radio access unit within the candidate service group to stably undertake the corresponding service. Prioritize allocating a portion of the traffic currently undertaken by the bottleneck access unit to a new access unit whose link status meets service conditions and has sufficient remaining radio resources. If a new access unit can handle the service to be transferred, that new access unit will undertake the corresponding service. If a new access unit cannot handle all the service to be transferred, other new access units or reserved access units in the candidate service group will continue to handle the remaining service.

[0037] Based on the above service load sharing results, the expected radio resource load after the bottleneck access unit is reconfigured is determined. The expected radio resource load for the mobile terminal before reconfiguration is compared with the expected radio resource load after reconfiguration, and the reduced radio resources are included in the releasable load. If a candidate service group cannot reduce the expected radio resource load of the bottleneck access unit, the candidate service group is excluded.

[0038] The new service load is determined for newly added access units in the candidate service group. The new service load refers to the additional radio resources expected to be occupied by the new access unit to carry the normal services of the mobile terminal after it completes service relationship establishment and enters stable service transmission. Based on the effective service data volume and actual radio resource usage within the mobile terminal's most recent complete statistical window, and combined with the link status between the mobile terminal and the new access unit, the expected radio resources required for the new access unit to stably carry the service are determined. When the link status of the new access unit is similar to that of the original radio access unit carrying the service, the initial value can be determined using the actual radio resource usage corresponding to the mobile terminal's most recent unit of effective service data; when there is a significant difference in link status, the corresponding radio resource volume is adjusted according to the modulation and coding scheme that the new access unit can use for the mobile terminal.

[0039] Specifically, based on the amount of valid service data within one or more recent complete statistical windows of the mobile terminal and the corresponding actual wireless resource usage, the wireless resource usage corresponding to a unit of valid service data in the current service state is determined. The actual wireless resource usage includes the wireless resources used for normal service transmission and the wireless resources used again due to retransmission by the mobile terminal.

[0040] The modulation and coding scheme that the new access unit can adopt for the mobile terminal is determined. When the modulation and coding scheme adopted by the new access unit is the same as that of the current radio access unit undertaking the mobile terminal's service or its corresponding radio resource carrying capacity is close, the new service load is determined based on the radio resource occupancy corresponding to the unit of effective service data and the expected amount of effective service data of the mobile terminal within a complete statistical window.

[0041] When the radio resource carrying capacity corresponding to the modulation and coding state adopted by the newly added access unit differs from that of the radio access unit currently undertaking the service, the radio resources expected to be occupied are adjusted according to the effective service data volume that a unit of radio resources can carry under the modulation and coding state of the newly added access unit, and the adjusted radio resources are determined as the new service load.

[0042] When using multiple complete statistical windows to determine the new service load, continuous complete statistical windows in which the mobile terminal service status has not changed significantly are selected. The radio resource usage corresponding to a unit of effective service data is determined based on the average result of the effective service data volume and the actual radio resource usage in each complete statistical window, so as to reduce the impact of service fluctuations in a single statistical window on the estimation of the new service load.

[0043] For new access units employing narrow-beam communication, additional service establishment load is also determined. This additional service establishment load refers to the additional radio resources consumed by the new access unit during the period from when it is not yet stably serving the mobile terminal until it can stably undertake its services, due to beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and establishing service relationships. It does not include new service load after entering the stable service transmission phase.

[0044] The historical beam measurement records of the mobile terminal saved in the newly added access unit are queried. When a candidate beam exists that is within its validity period and whose link status meets the service conditions, the candidate beam is used for beam confirmation, and the radio resources required to complete the beam confirmation are included in the service establishment load. When no valid candidate beam exists, beam scanning and measurement are performed based on the candidate beam that can cover the current location of the mobile terminal, and the radio resources required to complete the beam scanning, beam measurement, and beam confirmation are included in the service establishment load. For reserved access units, if the original service beam is still valid, the service establishment load is not calculated again.

[0045] The service establishment additional load is determined based on the actual service establishment process required by the newly added access unit. If a candidate beam exists for the newly added access unit that is within its validity period and whose link status meets the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, a complete beam scan is not re-executed. Instead, the radio resources expected to be required for candidate beam confirmation and service relationship establishment are included in the service establishment additional load.

[0046] When no candidate beams meet the conditions for a newly added access unit, the radio resources expected to be occupied for completing beam scanning and beam measurement are determined based on the candidate beams that can cover the current location of the mobile terminal and the corresponding beam measurement configuration. Furthermore, the radio resources expected to be occupied for beam confirmation and service relationship establishment are determined, and the sum of the above radio resources is determined as the service establishment additional load.

[0047] When a new access unit has a historical service establishment record corresponding to the same beam establishment state, the initial estimate of the additional load for service establishment is determined based on the actual radio resource occupation that occurred in the most recent multiple times under the same beam establishment state; when there is no corresponding historical service establishment record, the initial estimate is determined based on the radio resource configuration corresponding to the beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation and service relationship establishment process that needs to be performed this time.

[0048] Releasable load, new service load, and service establishment load are all measured using the same radio resource statistics caliber and compared within a complete statistical window of the same length. For releasable load, the reduction is determined based on the expected reduction in radio resources within a complete statistical window after service group reconfiguration; for new service load, the reduction is determined based on the expected radio resources used to support the normal services of the mobile terminal within a complete statistical window after the new access unit enters stable service transmission.

[0049] For service establishment additional load, the estimated radio resources required for beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service establishment are determined based on the period from the start of service relationship establishment to the point where the new access unit is capable of stably undertaking the mobile terminal's services. If the service establishment process lasts less than one complete statistical window, all radio resources expected to be used during the service establishment process are included in the corresponding complete statistical window; if the service establishment process spans multiple complete statistical windows, the estimated radio resource usage within each complete statistical window is accumulated to determine the service establishment additional load.

[0050] When different wireless access units adopt different wireless resource configurations, the corresponding wireless resource occupancy is converted to the same resource statistics caliber, and then the releaseable load, new service load, and service establishment additional load are determined respectively.

[0051] The net offload for candidate service groups is obtained by subtracting the newly added service load and the additional load for service establishment from the releasable load. If the releasable load is not greater than the sum of the newly added service load and the additional load for service establishment, the corresponding candidate service group is considered not to have formed an effective net offload. If the releasable load is greater than the sum of the newly added service load and the additional load for service establishment, but the expected radio resource load after the bottleneck access unit is reconfigured is not reduced, the corresponding candidate service group is also excluded.

[0052] Further, based on the current resource usage status of the newly added access unit and the corresponding new business load and services, additional load is established to determine whether the newly added access unit will enter a high-load state after the service group is restructured. Candidate service groups that cannot reduce the resource usage of bottleneck access units, cannot achieve effective net offloading, or will cause the newly added access unit to enter a high-load state are excluded.

[0053] After the above processing, candidate service groups capable of effectively offloading bottleneck access units and their corresponding net offloading amounts are obtained. The relationship for determining the net offloading amounts of candidate service groups is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0054] Step 3: Identify the mobile terminals currently served by the bottleneck access unit, and filter them to form a set of candidate mobile terminals with valid candidate service groups. Mobile terminals without valid candidate service groups will maintain their current service relationships during this round of load balancing.

[0055] For each mobile terminal in the candidate mobile terminal set, its load contribution to the bottleneck access unit and the net offload of the corresponding effective candidate service group are obtained. Mobile terminals that can reduce the radio resource consumption of the bottleneck access unit and achieve effective net offload are prioritized as the mobile terminals to be reconfigured. When multiple mobile terminals meet the conditions, the mobile terminal with the larger load contribution to the bottleneck access unit is prioritized; when the load contributions are similar, the mobile terminal with the larger net offload of the corresponding candidate service group is selected.

[0056] For the mobile terminal to be reconfigured, the candidate service group with the larger net offload volume is selected as the target service group from the valid candidate service groups. The target service group is the set of radio access units actually used to replace the current service group in this round. When the net offload volumes of multiple candidate service groups are similar, the candidate service group with the smaller additional load is selected to establish the service.

[0057] During service group reconfiguration, the service relationship between the newly added access unit and the mobile terminal is established first, and then the radio resources undertaken by the exiting access unit are reduced. If a valid candidate beam exists for the newly added access unit, beam confirmation is performed using that candidate beam; if no valid candidate beam exists, beam scanning and measurement are performed according to the candidate beam determined in step two. When the newly added access unit completes the necessary beam establishment process and the link status with the mobile terminal meets the service conditions, it is determined to be in a bearable state. The bearable state indicates that the newly added access unit has the conditions to stably undertake the mobile terminal's services.

[0058] When a target service group contains multiple new access units, each new access unit that needs to undertake subsequent services is confirmed separately. Service resource transfer begins after all the corresponding new access units have reached a bearable state. If a necessary new access unit fails to reach a bearable state within the preset establishment time limit, the reconstruction of the corresponding target service group is terminated, and the original service relationships are maintained.

[0059] After the service resource transfer begins, the radio resource allocation for the mobile terminal by the newly added access unit is gradually increased according to the resource sharing relationship determined in step two, while the radio resource allocation for the mobile terminal by the exiting access unit or bottleneck access unit is reduced. After each resource adjustment is completed, the actual radio resource scheduling records of the newly added access unit are used to confirm that it can normally undertake the transferred services before continuing the subsequent resource transfer.

[0060] When a bottleneck access unit is a withdrawing access unit, its allocation of radio resources to the mobile terminal is gradually reduced until it no longer undertakes the service radio resources for that mobile terminal, and then the corresponding service relationship is terminated. When a bottleneck access unit is a retained access unit, its service relationship is retained, but its radio resource allocation to that mobile terminal is reduced according to the resource sharing relationship determined in step two. The timing relationship of the service group reconstruction process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0061] When a single bottleneck access unit corresponds to multiple mobile terminals to be reconfigured, service group reconfiguration is performed one by one or in batches. After the service group reconfiguration of each mobile terminal or batch of mobile terminals is completed, the radio resource occupancy status of the bottleneck access unit and related newly added access units is reacquired. When the resource occupancy of the bottleneck access unit drops to a preset recovery range, the subsequent service group reconfiguration in this round is stopped. The preset recovery range is lower than the high load condition adopted in step one, so that the bottleneck access unit recovers to a resource occupancy status that can stably bear subsequent services.

[0062] When multiple mobile terminals awaiting reconstruction need to use the same newly added access unit, before reconstructing the service group of the next mobile terminal, the actual service load generated by the previously reconstructed mobile terminals in the newly added access unit is included in the current resource usage, and the remaining radio resources are reassessed to determine whether they can handle the new services and service establishment resources. If the remaining resources are insufficient, no more mobile terminals awaiting reconstruction will be added to the newly added access unit.

[0063] After the service group is reconstructed, the following information is recorded: mobile terminal, current service group before reconstruction, target service group after reconstruction, exiting access unit, newly added access unit, reconstruction start time, service establishment completion time, and service resource transfer completion time. The actual wireless resource usage during the service establishment phase is also recorded.

[0064] Step four: Establish a reconstruction verification window starting from the time when the service resource transfer is completed. This reconstruction verification window is a continuous time interval used to statistically analyze the actual wireless resource changes of exiting access units, retained access units, and newly added access units after the service group reconstruction is completed. It must at least cover the continuous period after the newly added access unit enters stable service transmission.

[0065] Within the reconstruction verification window, acquire the radio resource scheduling records generated by the exiting access unit, retained access unit, and newly added access unit for the mobile terminal. If the mobile terminal stops its current service, experiences a significant change in service volume, leaves its current coverage area, or undergoes another service group reconstruction within the verification window, the verification is terminated, and the data for the corresponding unstable period is not used for subsequent correction.

[0066] For exiting an access unit, the pre-reconstruction load contribution determined in step one is compared with the actual radio resource usage of the mobile terminal after exiting the access unit. The reduced radio resource usage is determined as the actual released load. When the service relationship with the exiting access unit has been terminated and no longer service resource scheduling occurs, its post-reconstruction service radio resource usage is treated as zero. If control resources still exist or retransmission is not completed during the exit process, the actual radio resource scheduling record shall prevail.

[0067] For reserved access units, the radio resource usage of the mobile terminal before and after service group reconfiguration is compared. When the bottleneck access unit is a reserved access unit, the actual offloading amount is determined based on the difference in radio resource usage before and after reconfiguration. If the actual radio resource usage of the bottleneck access unit does not show the decrease expected in step two, it is considered that the current service group reconfiguration has not achieved the expected offloading level.

[0068] For newly added access units, the radio resources actually used for beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment during the service establishment phase are defined as the actual additional load for service establishment; the normal service radio resource occupation actually generated for the mobile terminal after entering stable service transmission is defined as the actual new service load.

[0069] The releasable load, newly added business load, and service-established additional load determined in step two are compared with the actual releasable load, actual newly added business load, and actual service-established additional load obtained in this step, and the corresponding estimated deviations are saved respectively.

[0070] Additional load estimates are stored for each type of load, including releasable load, newly added service load, and services, to account for effective refactoring. Estimation errors generated from a single effective refactoring are only recorded and not directly used to adjust subsequent load estimates, thus reducing the impact of short-term changes in mobile terminal services or instantaneous changes in the wireless environment on load estimates.

[0071] For releasable loads, estimation biases are stored separately for changes in the same service group members. When the actual released load is lower than the corresponding releasable load in multiple consecutive valid reconfigurations with changes in the same service group members, an average bias is determined based on the estimation bias between the actual released load and the corresponding releasable load in the most recent consecutive valid reconfigurations, and the releasable load estimate corresponding to subsequent changes in the same service group members is reduced based on the average bias. When the actual released load is higher than the corresponding releasable load in consecutive reconfigurations, the subsequent releasable load estimate is increased in the same way. In this embodiment, three consecutive valid reconfigurations can be used as a preset number of corrections to trigger load estimation corrections.

[0072] For new service loads, estimation biases are saved separately for new access units and mobile terminal service states. When the same new access unit continuously reaches a preset number of corrections for mobile terminals with the same service state, and the actual new service load is always higher than the corresponding new service load, the estimation of subsequent new service loads is improved based on the average result of the most recent effective reconstruction of the corresponding estimation bias that has reached the preset number of corrections; when the actual new service load is always lower than the corresponding new service load, the estimation of subsequent new service loads is reduced in the same way.

[0073] For service establishment additional load, the estimation bias is saved separately for states with and without valid candidate beams. When the same beam state reaches a preset number of corrections consecutively, and the actual service establishment additional load is higher than the corresponding service establishment additional load, the estimation of service establishment additional load under the same beam state is improved based on the average result of the estimation bias corresponding to the most recent valid reconstruction that has reached the preset number of corrections; when the actual service establishment additional load is lower than the corresponding service establishment additional load, the estimation of subsequent service establishment additional load is reduced in the same way.

[0074] After the load estimation correction is completed, if the same service group members change, the same newly added access unit or the same beam status occurs again, the candidate service group will be determined using the corresponding corrected releaseable load, newly added service load or service establishment additional load. If the mobile terminal service status, corresponding link status or radio access unit radio resource configuration changes and no longer meets the aforementioned same status conditions, the corresponding load estimation will be re-determined based on the current radio resource scheduling record.

[0075] After completing the load check, the result of this service group refactoring is determined based on the actual resource status of the bottleneck access unit and the newly added access unit. When the resource usage of the bottleneck access unit drops to the preset recovery range and the newly added access unit does not enter a high-load state, this service group refactoring is determined to be a valid refactoring; if the bottleneck access unit is still in a high-load state, or if the newly added access unit forms a new high-load state due to this refactoring, this service group refactoring is determined to be an invalid refactoring.

[0076] When a bottleneck access unit reappears, the candidate service group will be reassessed and the service group will be reconstructed using the releasable load, newly added service load, and service creation additional load, based on the actual results verified above. This allows the load balancing process to continuously correct the load estimate based on the previous actual reconstruction results. The relationship between reconstruction verification and load estimate correction is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0077] To further illustrate the above load determination and reconfiguration verification process, we will use the scenario where a mobile terminal is served collaboratively by multiple radio access units. The mobile terminal is currently being served by a current service group consisting of the first and second radio access units. The second radio access unit reaches a preset high load condition within several consecutive complete statistical windows; therefore, the second radio access unit is identified as the bottleneck access unit.

[0078] Based on the wireless resource scheduling records in the most recent complete statistical window, the actual wireless resources occupied by the second wireless access unit for the mobile terminal are determined. Based on the mobile terminal's wireless measurement results of adjacent wireless access units and the remaining wireless resources of those adjacent wireless access units, the third wireless access unit is identified as a candidate access unit. A candidate service group is formed by the first wireless access unit, the second wireless access unit, and the third wireless access unit (as a candidate access unit) in the current service group, with the second wireless access unit serving as a reserved access unit and the third wireless access unit as a newly added access unit.

[0079] Based on the remaining radio resources available for new services in the third radio access unit, the link status between the third radio access unit and the mobile terminal, and the current traffic volume of the mobile terminal, the portion of services that the third radio access unit can handle is determined, and the resource sharing relationship after reconstruction is determined accordingly. Based on the resource sharing relationship, the expected radio resource load of the second radio access unit after reconstruction is determined, and the releaseable load is determined based on the difference in radio resource load before and after the reconstruction of the second radio access unit.

[0080] Further, based on the effective service data volume and actual wireless resource usage within the most recent complete statistical window of the mobile terminal, as well as the modulation and coding states that the third wireless access unit can adopt for the mobile terminal, the new service load after the third wireless access unit enters stable service transmission is determined.

[0081] When the third radio access unit does not have a candidate beam that is within the validity period and whose link status meets the current service conditions, it performs beam scanning, beam measurement and beam confirmation based on the candidate beam that can cover the current location of the mobile terminal, and determines the above process and the radio resources expected to be occupied for establishing the service relationship as additional load for service establishment.

[0082] The releasable load, new service load, and service establishment load are converted to the same radio resource statistics caliber, and the net offload is determined based on the result after deducting the new service load and service establishment load from the releasable load. When the net offload is greater than zero, the expected radio resource load after the reconfiguration of the second radio access unit decreases, and the pre-set high load condition is not met after the reconfiguration of the third radio access unit, the corresponding candidate service group is determined as a valid candidate service group.

[0083] After the service group reconstruction is completed, the actual wireless resource scheduling records generated by the second and third wireless access units for the mobile terminal are obtained in the reconstruction verification window. The actual released load is determined based on the changes in wireless resource occupation before and after the reconstruction of the second wireless access unit. The actual new service load is determined based on the wireless resource occupation after the third wireless access unit enters stable service transmission. The actual additional service establishment load is determined based on the wireless resources occupied by beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment that actually occur during the service establishment phase.

[0084] The actual released load, actual new service load, and actual additional load for service establishment are compared with the releaseable load, new service load, and additional load for service establishment determined before this service group refactoring, and the corresponding estimation deviations are saved. When subsequent effective refactorings under the same conditions produce estimation deviations in the same direction, the corresponding load estimates are adjusted according to the aforementioned load estimation correction rules.

[0085] Example 2: The design of a load balancing adaptive optimization system for 6G ultra-dense networking according to the present invention is based on the method in Example 1, specifically as follows... Figure 6 As shown, it includes a service status determination module, a candidate service group determination module, a service group reconstruction module, and a reconstruction verification module.

[0086] The service status determination module is used to acquire the service relationship records of the mobile terminal to be analyzed, determine the current service group based on the service relationship records, and acquire the wireless resource scheduling records of each wireless access unit within the current service group according to a unified statistical window. Based on the amount of wireless resources already allocated to each wireless access unit and the total amount of wireless resources available for service scheduling, the corresponding resource occupancy status is determined. If a wireless access unit reaches a preset high load condition for multiple consecutive complete statistical windows, it is identified as a high-load wireless access unit. Bottleneck access units are determined based on the number of high-load wireless access units and their resource occupancy levels within the current service group. Simultaneously, based on the wireless resource scheduling records within the same statistical window, the load contribution of the mobile terminal to each wireless access unit within the current service group is determined, thus obtaining the current service group, the bottleneck access unit, and the mobile terminal's load contribution to each wireless access unit within the current service group.

[0087] The candidate service group determination module is used to acquire the wireless measurement results of the mobile terminal to adjacent wireless access units outside the current service group. Adjacent wireless access units whose link states meet the service conditions required by the mobile terminal's current service and have remaining wireless resources available for new services are identified as candidate access units. Within the limit of a preset maximum number of cooperative services, a candidate service group is formed by some wireless access units in the current service group and at least one candidate access unit. The candidate service group is compared with the current service group to determine the retained access units, exited access units, and newly added access units. The releaseable load corresponding to the candidate service group is determined based on the load contribution. The new service load is determined based on the mobile terminal's effective service data volume, actual wireless resource usage, and link state with the new access unit. For new access units using narrow-beam communication, the service establishment additional load is determined based on the effective state of the candidate beam. The releaseable load is compared with the new service load and service establishment additional load to determine the net offload of the candidate service group. Candidate service groups that cannot reduce the resource usage of the bottleneck access unit, cannot form an effective net offload, or will cause the new access unit to enter a high-load state are excluded. The resulting candidate service groups and their corresponding net offloads are then obtained, capable of effectively offloading the bottleneck access unit.

[0088] The service group reconstruction module is used to identify mobile terminals currently served by bottleneck access units and filter them to form a candidate mobile terminal set. Based on the load contribution of each mobile terminal to the bottleneck access unit and the net offload of the corresponding valid candidate service group, mobile terminals to be reconstructed are determined from the candidate mobile terminal set, and target service groups are determined from the valid candidate service groups corresponding to the mobile terminals to be reconstructed. During service group reconstruction, a service relationship is first established between the newly added access unit and the mobile terminal. After the newly added access unit reaches a bearable state, the radio resource allocation of the newly added access unit for the mobile terminal is gradually increased according to the resource sharing relationship, while the radio resource allocation of the exiting access unit or bottleneck access unit for the mobile terminal is reduced. When the bottleneck access unit is an exiting access unit, the corresponding service relationship is terminated after it no longer bears the service radio resources for the mobile terminal; when the bottleneck access unit is a retained access unit, its service relationship is retained and its radio resource load for the mobile terminal is reduced. After completing the service group reconstruction of a mobile terminal or a batch of mobile terminals, the radio resource occupancy status of the bottleneck access unit and related newly added access units is reacquired. When the resource occupancy of the bottleneck access unit drops to the preset recovery range, the subsequent service group reconstruction of this round is stopped, and the mobile terminal, current service group, target service group, exited access unit, newly added access unit, and actual radio resource occupancy during the service establishment phase corresponding to this service group reconstruction are recorded.

[0089] The reconstruction verification module is used to establish a reconstruction verification window starting from the time when the service resource transfer is completed, and to acquire the radio resource scheduling records generated by the exiting access unit, the retained access unit, and the newly added access unit for the mobile terminal within the reconstruction verification window. The actual released load is determined based on the radio resource usage before and after the exiting access unit's reconstruction; when the bottleneck access unit is a retained access unit, the actual offloading amount is determined based on the difference in radio resource usage before and after its reconstruction; the actual service establishment additional load is determined based on the radio resources actually used by the newly added access unit for beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment during the service establishment phase; and the actual new service load is determined based on the normal service radio resource usage actually generated by the newly added access unit for the mobile terminal after entering stable service transmission.

[0090] The reconfiguration verification module is also used to compare the releasable load, new business load, and service establishment additional load determined by the candidate service group determination module with the actual released load, actual new business load, and actual service establishment additional load, respectively, save the corresponding estimation deviation, and adjust the estimates of releasable load, new business load, and service establishment additional load for subsequent changes in the same service group members or the same business state based on the estimation deviation in multiple consecutive effective reconfigurations. After completing the load verification, the result of this service group reconfiguration is judged based on the actual resource status of the bottleneck access unit and the new access unit; when the resource occupation of the bottleneck access unit drops to the preset recovery range and the new access unit does not enter a high load state, this service group reconfiguration is determined to be a valid reconfiguration; when the bottleneck access unit is still in a high load state, or the new access unit forms a new high load state due to this reconfiguration, this service group reconfiguration is determined to be an invalid reconfiguration. When a bottleneck access unit appears again, the candidate service group determination module uses the releasable load, new business load, and service establishment additional load after verification of the actual results to re-determine the candidate service group, and the service group reconfiguration module re-executes the service group reconfiguration accordingly.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0092] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Determine the current service group of the mobile terminal, and identify the bottleneck access unit based on the wireless resource occupancy status of each wireless access unit within the group; Candidate access units are determined based on the link status between adjacent wireless access units and mobile terminals and the remaining wireless resources. A candidate service group is formed by some wireless access units in the current service group and the candidate access units, and is compared with the current service group to determine the exiting access units and the newly added access units. Based on the differences in radio resource allocation before and after the reconstruction of the exited access unit and the retained bottleneck access unit, the releaseable load is determined, and the new service load after the new access unit enters stable service transmission and the additional service establishment load generated when establishing service relationships using narrow beam communication are determined. The net offload is obtained by subtracting the new business load and service establishment additional load from the releasable load. Candidate service groups are selected whose releasable load is greater than the sum of the new business load and service establishment additional load and whose new access units do not enter a high load state. The group with the larger net offload is identified as the target service group and service group reconstruction is performed.

2. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of releaseable load based on the difference in radio resource allocation before and after the reconfiguration of exited and retained bottleneck access units includes: Radio access units that exist in both the current service group and the candidate service group are identified as reserved access units; Based on the wireless resource scheduling records within the same statistical window, determine the actual wireless resources occupied by the mobile terminal when exiting the access unit, and determine the wireless resources as the load contribution of the mobile terminal to the exiting access unit. Based on the load contribution, determine the wireless resources reduced after the exiting access unit stops undertaking the mobile terminal's services. When the bottleneck access unit is a reserved access unit, the resource sharing relationship after reconstruction is determined based on the remaining radio resources of each radio access unit in the candidate service group and the link status with the mobile terminal, and the reduction of radio resources of the bottleneck access unit is determined based on the difference between the radio resource load before reconstruction and the expected radio resource load after reconstruction. The available load is determined based on the reduction of radio resources from exiting the access unit and the reduction of radio resources from the bottleneck access unit.

3. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the restructured resource sharing relationship includes: The radio resources available for mobile terminal services for each reserved access unit and newly added access unit within the candidate service group are determined separately. Based on the current service volume of the mobile terminal and the link status between the mobile terminal and each radio access unit, the radio resources expected to be occupied by each reserved access unit and newly added access unit when stably undertaking the corresponding service are determined. Prioritize allocating the portion of the services currently handled by the bottleneck access unit to new access units whose link status meets the service conditions required by the current services of the mobile terminal and whose remaining wireless resources can handle the portion of the services. When a newly added access unit is able to undertake the aforementioned portion of the services, the newly added access unit shall undertake the corresponding services; when a newly added access unit is unable to undertake all of the aforementioned portion of the services, other newly added access units or retained access units shall continue to undertake the remaining services, and the reconstructed resource sharing relationship shall be determined based on the service sharing results.

4. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the radio resources available for mobile terminal services for each reserved access unit and newly added access unit within the candidate service group includes: For newly added access units, based on the currently allocated amount of wireless resources, the total amount of wireless resources available for service scheduling, and preset high-load conditions, determine the amount of wireless resources that can be used for mobile terminal services without the service group entering a high-load state after reconstruction. For reserved access units, the radio resources that can continue to be used for mobile terminal services are determined based on the services currently undertaken and the remaining radio resources.

5. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to claim 3, characterized in that, The determination of the estimated radio resources required when a newly added access unit stably undertakes the corresponding service includes: The wireless resource usage per unit of valid service data is determined based on the amount of valid service data in one or more recent complete statistical windows of the mobile terminal and the corresponding actual wireless resource usage. Determine the modulation and coding state that the new access unit can adopt for the mobile terminal. When the new access unit adopts the same modulation and coding state as the current radio access unit that undertakes the mobile terminal service, determine the expected radio resources to be occupied based on the radio resource occupation corresponding to the unit's effective service data and the expected amount of effective service data of the mobile terminal. When a new access unit adopts a different modulation and coding state than the current wireless access unit that undertakes mobile terminal services, the expected wireless resources to be occupied are adjusted according to the effective service data volume that a unit of wireless resources can carry under the corresponding modulation and coding state of the new access unit, and the adjusted wireless resources are determined as the new service load.

6. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining that the service establishes additional load includes: The system queries the historical beam measurement records of mobile terminals stored in the newly added access unit that uses narrow beam communication, determines the beam establishment status based on whether there are candidate beams that are within the validity period and whose link status meets the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, and determines the service establishment additional load based on the beam establishment status. When there is a candidate beam that meets the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, the candidate beam is used for beam confirmation, and the radio resources expected to be occupied by beam confirmation and service relationship establishment are included in the service establishment additional load. When there are no candidate beams that meet the service conditions required by the current service of the mobile terminal, beam scanning, beam measurement, and beam confirmation are performed on the candidate beams that can cover the current location of the mobile terminal, and the radio resources expected to be occupied by beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment are included in the service establishment additional load.

7. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to claim 6, characterized in that, The service establishment additional load is determined based on the beam establishment status, including: When a newly added access unit has a historical service establishment record with the same beam establishment state as the current beam establishment state, the initial estimate of the service establishment additional load is determined based on the actual radio resource occupancy in the historical service establishment records corresponding to the most recent multiple identical beam establishment states. When a newly added access unit does not have a historical service establishment record with the same beam establishment state as the current beam establishment state, the initial estimate of the additional load for service establishment is determined based on the radio resource configuration corresponding to the beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation, and service relationship establishment process that need to be performed under the current beam establishment state.

8. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Screening candidate service groups and identifying target service groups includes: Candidate service groups whose releaseable load is greater than the sum of the new business load and the additional load of service establishment, and whose new access units do not enter a high-load state, are identified as valid candidate service groups. When there are multiple mobile terminals participating in the service of the bottleneck access unit, the load contribution of each mobile terminal to the bottleneck access unit is determined according to the actual radio resources occupied by each mobile terminal in the bottleneck access unit, and the mobile terminal to be reconstructed is determined from the mobile terminals with valid candidate service groups. When multiple mobile terminals have valid candidate service groups, the mobile terminal with the larger load contribution is given priority to be identified as the mobile terminal to be reconstructed; when the load contribution is the same, the mobile terminal with the larger net offload of the corresponding valid candidate service group is given priority to be identified as the mobile terminal to be reconstructed. From the valid candidate service groups corresponding to the mobile terminals to be reconstructed, the valid candidate service groups with larger net uninstallation volume are identified as the target service groups.

9. The load balancing adaptive optimization method for 6G ultra-dense networking according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, After the execution service group is restructured, it also includes: The wireless access units that exist in both the current service group and the target service group are identified as reserved access units; A reconstruction verification window is established with the completion time of service resource transfer as the starting point. Within the reconstruction verification window, wireless resource scheduling records generated by exiting access units, retained access units, and newly added access units for mobile terminals are obtained. The actual released load is determined based on the changes in radio resource usage before and after the exit of the access unit and the reconstruction of the retained bottleneck access unit. The actual new service load is determined based on the actual radio resource usage after the new access unit enters stable service transmission. The actual service establishment additional load is determined based on the radio resources actually used for beam scanning, beam measurement, beam confirmation and service relationship establishment during the service establishment phase. The actual released load, the actual new business load, and the actual additional load for service establishment are compared with the releaseable load, the new business load, and the additional load for service establishment, respectively, to obtain the corresponding estimated deviations. When the wireless resource usage of the bottleneck access unit drops to the preset recovery range and the newly added access unit does not enter a high-load state, the current service group reconstruction is determined as a valid reconstruction. Based on the estimation deviation in the valid reconstructions that have reached the preset number of consecutive corrections, the releaseable load, the new service load, and the additional load for service establishment corresponding to the subsequent candidate service groups are corrected.

10. A load balancing adaptive optimization system for 6G ultra-dense networking, characterized in that, The optimization system is used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and includes the following modules: The service status determination module is used to determine the current service group of the mobile terminal and to determine the bottleneck access unit based on the wireless resource occupancy status of each wireless access unit in the group. The candidate service group determination module is used to determine candidate access units based on the link status and remaining radio resources of adjacent radio access units and mobile terminals, form candidate service groups, determine exiting access units and new access units, determine releasable load based on the difference in radio resource responsibilities before and after the reconfiguration of exiting access units and retained bottleneck access units, determine new service load and service establishment additional load, and determine the net offload based on the releasable load, new service load and service establishment additional load. The service group reconstruction module is used to filter candidate service groups whose available load is greater than the sum of the new business load and the additional load of service establishment, and whose new access units do not enter a high load state. The group with the larger net offload is identified as the target service group and service group reconstruction is performed. The refactoring verification module is used to determine the actual released load, the actual newly added business load, and the actual additional load for service establishment after the service group refactoring is completed. It compares these values ​​with the corresponding releaseable load, newly added business load, and additional load for service establishment to obtain an estimated deviation. Based on the estimated deviation from multiple consecutive effective refactorings, it corrects the releaseable load, newly added business load, and additional load for service establishment corresponding to subsequent candidate service groups.

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