A high efficiency and labor saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and improving mango quality. The present application provides a high-efficiency labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and improving mango quality, comprising the following steps: after fruit harvesting, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied at one time; the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and potassium fulvate. The method simultaneously achieves multiple goals of soil improvement, chemical fertilizer reduction, tree rejuvenation, fruit quality improvement, labor saving and efficiency increase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fruit tree planting technology, and in particular to an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality. Background Technology

[0002] Mango is a core economic fruit tree in my country's tropical and subtropical regions, and a pillar industry supporting rural revitalization and ensuring stable income for farmers in these areas. The national mango planting area is nearly 6 million mu (approximately 400,000 hectares), with an annual output exceeding 5 million tons and a total industry output value exceeding 64 billion yuan. Currently, mango orchard cultivation generally suffers from extensive fertilization practices and an imbalanced nutrient ratio. Over 80% of mango growers in China have long relied on the application of fast-acting chemical fertilizers, resulting in a severe deficiency in organic fertilizer input. This directly leads to further soil acidification, compaction, and reduced microbial activity in orchards. Over 60% of fruit-bearing orchards have severely compacted topsoil, with the plow pan thickened to over 15 cm, and the number of beneficial soil microorganisms has decreased by more than 40%. The continuous degradation of soil multifunctionality also results in low fertilizer utilization rates, with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient utilization rates at only 28.5%, 12.3%, and 35.8%, respectively, far below the high-quality cultivation standard (45-60%). Meanwhile, traditional mango fertilization often employs a multi-stage topdressing method, which is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and costly, severely incompatible with the current demand for simplified and efficient orchard cultivation. Long-term improper fertilization can easily lead to weakened tree growth and insufficient nutrient accumulation, resulting in problems such as low sweetness, uneven appearance, and poor quality stability in mangoes, thus hindering high-quality, high-yield mango production and sustainable orchard production. Existing improved fertilization techniques mostly focus on single nutrient supplementation or soil improvement, failing to address the multiple needs of soil quality enhancement, tree rejuvenation, high fruit yield, and labor-saving efficiency. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method that enhances the multifunctionality of mango orchard soil and improves fruit quality, thereby solving many of the drawbacks of traditional fertilization and simultaneously meeting the production needs of soil improvement, quality enhancement, yield increase, and cost-saving. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality, comprising the following steps: applying organic-inorganic compound fertilizer once after fruit harvest; The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-39 parts urea, 23-25 ​​parts diammonium phosphate, 45-49 parts potassium sulfate, and 4-6 parts potassium humate.

[0005] Preferably, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied by trenching at the drip line of the fruit tree. The trench is 15-20cm wide, 20-30cm deep, and consists of 1-2 trenches.

[0006] Preferably, the application rate of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 1~1.5 kg / plant.

[0007] Preferably, the potassium humate is mineral-derived potassium humate.

[0008] As a preferred option, the effective components of mineral-derived potassium humate include mineral-derived fulvic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, and organic matter ≥90%.

[0009] Preferably, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-36 parts urea, 24 parts diammonium phosphate, 46-48 parts potassium sulfate, and 5 parts potassium humate.

[0010] Beneficial effects: This invention provides an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality. This method promotes soil quality improvement, tree rejuvenation, and fruit quality enhancement in degraded mango orchards by applying organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in a single trench in the mango orchard, while achieving labor-saving and efficiency-enhancing effects. Moreover, the single application of base fertilizer significantly reduces field labor costs, which meets the needs of the orchard simplified cultivation policy. This invention uses mineral-derived potassium humate combined with readily available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients to simultaneously repair degraded soil and restore its multifunctionality. Moreover, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio is scientifically balanced, providing long-term nutrient supply, thus rejuvenating the tree and balancing nutrient metabolism throughout the year. The fertilization method of this invention can comprehensively improve the physical and chemical quality of fruits, stabilize the marketability of fruits, and enhance the economic benefits of orchards. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a picture of the shoot growth on a mango tree after routine fertilization. Figure 2 This shows the growth of new shoots on mango trees under the application of the patented fertilizer formula. Detailed Implementation

[0012] This invention provides an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality, comprising the following steps: applying organic-inorganic compound fertilizer once after fruit harvest; The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: The urea content is 25-39 parts, preferably 28-36 parts, and more preferably 32 parts. 23-25 ​​parts of diammonium phosphate, preferably 24 parts. Potassium sulfate: 45-49 parts, preferably 46-48 parts, and even more preferably 47 parts.

[0013] Potassium humate: 4-6 parts, preferably 5 parts.

[0014] In this invention, the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied by trenching at the drip line of the fruit tree. The width of the fertilizer trench is 15-20cm, preferably 17-18cm, more preferably 17.8cm, and the depth is 20-30cm, preferably 23-27cm, more preferably 25cm. The number of trenches is 1-2, preferably 2. When fertilizing, mix the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer thoroughly with the soil and then backfill it into the fertilization trench.

[0015] In this invention, the application rate of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 1~1.5 kg / plant, preferably 1.25 kg / plant.

[0016] In this invention, the potassium humate is mineral-derived potassium humate.

[0017] In this invention, the effective components of mineral-derived potassium humate include mineral-derived humic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, and organic matter ≥90%.

[0018] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: An efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality.

[0020] An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was prepared by mixing 25 parts urea, 24 parts diammonium phosphate, 45 parts potassium sulfate and 5 parts mineral-derived potassium humate (mineral-derived humic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, organic matter ≥90%). After the fruit is harvested, dig a fertilization trench 20cm deep and 15cm wide at the drip line of the fruit tree. Apply 1.0kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to each tree for each growth cycle. When fertilizing, mix the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer thoroughly with the soil and then backfill it into the fertilization trench.

[0021] Example 2: An efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality.

[0022] An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was prepared by mixing 39 parts of urea, 24 parts of diammonium phosphate, 45 parts of potassium sulfate and 5 parts of mineral-derived potassium humate (mineral-derived humic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, organic matter ≥90%). After the fruit is harvested, dig a fertilization trench 20cm deep and 15cm wide at the drip line of the fruit tree. Apply 1.0kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to each tree for each growth cycle. When fertilizing, mix the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer thoroughly with the soil and then backfill it into the fertilization trench.

[0023] Example 3: An efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality.

[0024] An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was prepared by mixing 25 parts urea, 24 parts diammonium phosphate, 49 parts potassium sulfate and 5 parts mineral-derived potassium humate (mineral-derived humic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, organic matter ≥90%). After the fruit is harvested, dig a fertilization trench 20cm deep and 15cm wide at the drip line of the fruit tree. Apply 1.0kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to each tree for each growth cycle. When fertilizing, mix the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer thoroughly with the soil and then backfill it into the fertilization trench.

[0025] Example 4: An efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality.

[0026] An organic-inorganic compound fertilizer was prepared by mixing 39 parts of urea, 24 parts of diammonium phosphate, 49 parts of potassium sulfate and 5 parts of mineral-derived potassium humate (mineral-derived humic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, organic matter ≥90%). After the fruit is harvested, dig a fertilization trench 20cm deep and 15cm wide at the drip line of the fruit tree. Apply 1.0kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to each tree for each growth cycle. When fertilizing, mix the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer thoroughly with the soil and then backfill it into the fertilization trench.

[0027] Experimental Example 1

[0028] A field trial was conducted at the Hongyao Agricultural Mango Base in Qindou Town, Leizhou City, Guangdong Province (20.533°N, 109.924°E). The trial period was from May 2025 to May 2026. The mango trees were spaced 5m apart and 9 years old. The experimental fields were treated with the fertilization methods described in Examples 1-4 respectively, with the application of traditional compound fertilizer (prepared from 120 parts urea, 24 parts diammonium phosphate and 49 parts potassium sulfate) serving as the control group (CK). During the experiment, the shoot growth of the control group mango trees was as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the shoot emergence of the mango trees in the example group is as follows: Figure 2 As shown; After the experiment, the soil enzyme activities (sucrase, catalase, urease) and multifunctional index were measured (Table 1). Methods for determining soil sucrase, urease and catalase activities: Soil sucrase, urease and catalase activity detection kits were used for detection (all kits were purchased from Suzhou Greens Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). Soil multifunctionality index calculation method: The Z-score of soil sucrase, urease and catalase activity detection values ​​is standardized, and then the arithmetic mean of the three indicators is calculated.

[0029] Table 1. Enzyme activity and multifunctional index of soil in the 0-30 cm depth under different treatments

[0030] Note: Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (LSD). p <0.05, n=4).

[0031] The results showed that, compared with conventional fertilization (CK), the sucrase activity in all fertilization treatments was significantly higher than that in CK, with the highest activity observed in Example 1. The low-nitrogen group had low catalase and urease activities; however, increasing nitrogen and potassium application significantly increased the activities of both enzymes, with the catalase and urease activities reaching their peak in the Example 4 treatment. The soil multifunctionality index was ranked as follows: Example 4 > Example 2 > Example 1 > Example 3, CK. The soil multifunctionality index of Example 4 was 0.86, significantly better than the other treatments. The combined application of high nitrogen and high potassium can simultaneously activate soil enzymes related to carbon and nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant activity, comprehensively repairing the biochemical function of degraded orchard soil, resulting in the optimal overall improvement effect.

[0032] The sugar and acid content of mango fruit (fructose, glucose, sucrose, acetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, α-ketoglutarate, total acid, and total sugar) was determined, and the sugar / acid ratio was calculated (Table 2). Methods for determining fructose, glucose, and sucrose: 1.0 g of fruit pulp was added to 5 mL of 85% ethanol and ground into a homogenate. Extraction was performed in a 40℃ water bath for 20 min, followed by centrifugation at 10000 r / min for 10 min at room temperature. The mixture was then evaporated to dryness in an 85℃ water bath and stored at -20℃. The extract was dissolved in 2.5 mL of water, and 1 μL was filtered through a 0.4 μm filter membrane for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The RI-1530 differential detector was used, with a flow rate of 1.0 mL / min, a column temperature of 27℃, an injection volume of 10 μL, and a measurement time of 15 min. The sum of the contents of glucose, fructose, and sucrose is the total sugar content; Determination of acetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, and α-ketoglutaric acid: Accurately weigh 1.0 g of fruit pulp sample, grind with 5 mL of metaphosphoric acid (2 g / L) in an ice bath, centrifuge at 10000 g for 15 min, and collect the supernatant; wash the residue thoroughly with 4 mL of metaphosphoric acid, centrifuge, and collect the supernatant; combine the supernatants, and dilute to 10 mL with the metaphosphoric acid used for extraction; after mixing, take 1 mL of sample, filter through a 0.45 μm filter membrane, and then test; use a UV detector, a C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm), a mobile phase of metaphosphoric acid (0.2 g / L), a flow rate of 1 mL / min, a column temperature of 35 ℃, an injection volume of 10 μL, and a detection time of 30 min for each sample; The total acid content is the sum of acetic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, and α-ketoglutaric acid. The sugar / acid ratio is the ratio of total sugar to total acid.

[0033] Table 2. Fruit sugar and acid content (mg / g)

[0034] Note: Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences (LSD). p <0.05, n=4).

[0035] Compared with conventional fertilization (CK), all nitrogen and potassium combined treatments significantly increased the fructose, sucrose, and total sugar content of mangoes. The total sugar content and sugar-acid ratio both increased with increasing nitrogen and potassium input. Sucrose is the main soluble sugar in mangoes. Treatment 4 showed the highest sucrose and total sugar content among all treatments, at 129.42 mg / g and 168.20 mg / g, respectively; its sugar-acid ratio of 5.30 was significantly higher than the other treatments. The low-nitrogen group had a lower glucose content. The high-nitrogen coupled with a high-potassium ratio (Example 4) synergistically promoted sugar accumulation, optimized the sugar-acid balance in the fruit, and improved the taste and commercial quality of the mangoes.

[0036] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention provides an efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality. This method simultaneously achieves multiple objectives, including soil improvement, fertilizer reduction, tree rejuvenation, fruit quality improvement, and labor saving and efficiency enhancement.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and labor-saving fertilization method for improving soil quality and enhancing mango quality, characterized in that, The steps include: After the fruit is harvested, apply organic-inorganic compound fertilizer once; The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-39 parts urea, 23-25 ​​parts diammonium phosphate, 45-49 parts potassium sulfate, and 4-6 parts potassium humate.

2. The efficient and labor-saving fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is applied by trenching at the drip line of the fruit trees. The trenches are 15-20cm wide, 20-30cm deep, and 1-2 in number.

3. The efficient and labor-saving fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application rate of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 1~1.5 kg / plant.

4. The efficient and labor-saving fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The potassium humate mentioned is mineral-derived potassium humate.

5. The efficient and labor-saving fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The effective components of mineral-derived potassium humate include mineral-derived fulvic acid ≥50%, potassium oxide ≥12%, and organic matter ≥90%.

6. The efficient and labor-saving fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic-inorganic compound fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-36 parts urea, 24 parts diammonium phosphate, 46-48 parts potassium sulfate, and 5 parts potassium humate.

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