An auxiliary support device for post-operative thoracic fixation in cardiac surgery

Abstract

The application discloses an auxiliary supporting device for fixing thoracic cage after heart surgery, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, which comprises a central hinge shaft, a first positioning assembly and a second positioning assembly symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the central hinge shaft, the central hinge shaft extends along the median line of the sternum, the first positioning assembly and the second positioning assembly are the same in structure, the first positioning assembly comprises a chest pressing plate, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hinged to the central hinge shaft, one side of the chest pressing plate is hing

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to an auxiliary support device for thoracic fixation after cardiac surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Postoperative chest wall fixation devices in cardiac surgery commonly employ a circumferential compression fixation method, applying centripetal pressure to the entire chest wall through a chest strap or fixation garment to restrict sternal movement. However, while strong central compression is needed in the early postoperative period to control wound bleeding and prevent sternal dehiscence, the deformation requirements of different chest wall regions are non-uniform due to coughing, changes in body position, or changes in respiratory depth. Specifically, the costal arch region exhibits rhythmic expansion and contraction with diaphragmatic movement, while the manubrium region requires continuous rigid restraint. Existing devices, using a uniform tension restraint method, cannot differentiate the varying support needs of different biomechanical regions of the chest wall, leading to problems of sufficient overall pressure but localized support misalignment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary support device for thoracic fixation after cardiac surgery, which can set the tension according to the difference in circumference between the upper and lower parts of the patient's thoracic cage, thereby achieving fine control under the premise of overall fixation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention discloses an auxiliary support device for thoracic fixation after cardiac surgery, comprising a central hinge shaft and a first positioning component and a second positioning component symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central hinge shaft. The central hinge shaft extends longitudinally along the midline of the sternum. The first and second positioning components have identical structures. The first positioning component includes a chest pressure plate, one side of which is hinged to the central hinge shaft. A guide rod is installed on the outer side of the chest pressure plate, and multiple sets of arc-shaped top plates are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the guide rod. One end of the arc-shaped top plate is hinged to the guide rod, and the other end of the arc-shaped top plate is hinged to an arc-shaped side plate. The inner arc surfaces of the arc-shaped top plate and the arc-shaped side plate are adapted to the patient's thoracic cage. The arc-shaped side plates of the first and second positioning components on the side closer to the manubrium of the sternum are connected by a fixed connection device, and the arc-shaped side plates of the first and second positioning components on the side farther from the manubrium of the sternum are connected by an elastic connection device. A rib arch limiting plate is also installed at one end of the chest pressure plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the rib arch limiting plate includes a straight plate and a hook plate integrally formed with the plate body. The curvature of the hook plate is adapted to the rib arch. The back side of the rib arch limiting plate is connected to the chest pressure plate through an elastic clamping member. The rib arch limiting plate is also connected to the chest pressure plate through an angle adjustment member.

[0006] Furthermore, the elastic clamping component includes an arc-shaped clamping plate made of spring steel. One end of the arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly connected to the chest pressure plate, and the other end of the arc-shaped clamping plate extends along the bending direction of the hook plate and is in close contact with the outer surface of the rib arch limiting plate. The angle adjustment component includes an elastic pull rope, a pull rod, and a limiting component. A through hole is provided on the inner side of the chest pressure plate along the length direction of the chest pressure plate. One end of the elastic pull rope is fixedly connected to the hook plate, and the other end of the elastic pull rope passes through the through hole and is connected to one end of the pull rod. The other end of the pull rod passes through the through hole and is connected to the limiting component. The limiting component can be adjusted axially on the pull rod.

[0007] Furthermore, a groove is provided along the length of the arc-shaped top plate, and an outer cylinder is slidably arranged in the groove. The axis of the outer cylinder is perpendicular to the arc-shaped top plate. A top rod is slidably arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder. The top rod is connected to the pressure rod through an intermediate rod. The pressure rod is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder and extends from the upper end of the outer cylinder. Rotating tables are installed at both ends of the intermediate rod. The two rotating tables are respectively rotatably installed in the rotating grooves opened inside the top rod and the pressure rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the two ends of the guide rod are connected to the chest pressure plate through the first support and the second support, respectively. The first support and the second support are located at the end away from the rib arch limiting plate and the end close to the rib arch limiting plate, respectively. The first support is rotatably connected to the chest pressure plate through the first pin, and the second support is connected to the second pin. The chest pressure plate is provided with an arc-shaped groove for the second pin to slide. Both the first pin and the second pin are fastened to the chest pressure plate by locking components.

[0009] Furthermore, a hinge seat is fixed on the arc-shaped top plate, and a hinge groove is provided on the hinge seat to cooperate with the guide rod. A fastener is installed on the hinge seat to fix the hinge seat and the guide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a groove is formed in the middle of the arc-shaped side plate, and the fixing and connecting device includes an annular steel strip. One end of the steel strip is fixed with a screw, and the other end of the steel strip has an opening groove that mates with the screw. The screw is fixed to the steel strip by a nut. One end of the steel strip passes through the grooves of the two arc-shaped side plates at the same time and is connected to the other end by a screw.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic connection device includes a first elastic band and a second elastic band that are respectively connected to the first positioning component and the second positioning component. Both the first elastic band and the second elastic band are made of elastic material, and the two ends of the first elastic band and the second elastic band are connected by Velcro.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses an auxiliary support device for thoracic fixation after cardiac surgery. By designing a fixed connection device and an elastic connection device with different constraint forces, a larger constraint force can be applied to the upper part to stabilize the sternal manubrium area, while the lower part can be appropriately relaxed to conform to the rhythmic deformation of the costal arch area with the movement of the diaphragm. It can achieve fine control under the premise of overall fixation, avoiding the problem of skin compression damage caused by excessive pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod structure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tie rod structure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top rod structure.

[0014] The following components are labeled in the attached diagram: 1. Central hinge shaft; 2. Chest pressure plate; 3. Guide rod; 4. Arc-shaped top plate; 5. Arc-shaped side plate; 6. Fixed connection device; 7. Elastic connection device; 8. Rib arch limiting plate; 9. Straight plate; 10. Hook plate; 11. Elastic clamping component; 12. Elastic pull rope; 13. Pull rod; 14. Limiting component; 15. Through hole; 16. Slide groove; 17. Outer cylinder; 18. Top rod; 19. Intermediate rod; 20. Pressure rod; 21. Rotating table; 22. Rotating groove; 23. First support; 24. Second support; 25. First pin; 26. Second pin; 27. Arc groove; 28. Hinge seat; 29. ​​Hinge groove; 30. Fixing component; 31. Groove; 32. Steel strip; 33. Screw; 34. Opening groove; 35. Nut; 36. First elastic band; 37. Second elastic band; 38. Velcro. Detailed Implementation

[0015] like Figures 1-6As shown, this invention discloses an auxiliary support device for thoracic fixation after cardiac surgery, comprising a central hinge shaft 1, a first positioning component and a second positioning component symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central hinge shaft 1. The central hinge shaft 1 is a long axis structure extending longitudinally along the midline of the sternum. The first and second positioning components have the same structure, but their arrangement is symmetrical. Taking the first positioning component as an example, the first positioning component includes a chest pressure plate 2, which is a long plate with a rubber pad on its inner side. One side of the chest pressure plate 2 is hinged to the central hinge shaft 1, and the other side can rotate around the axis of the central hinge shaft 1. The central hinge shaft 1 of this invention serves as a longitudinal reference line, providing a stable reference coordinate system for the angle adjustment and pressure distribution of subsequent components, ensuring the stability of the overall configuration of the entire device during patient position changes or respiratory movements, thereby providing a continuous and reliable external support frame for the thoracic cage and making installation more convenient.

[0016] Meanwhile, a guide rod 3 is installed on the outer side of the chest pressure plate 2 of the present invention. The guide rod 3 is parallel to the chest pressure plate 2 and is installed basically along the length direction of the chest pressure plate 2. Multiple sets of arc-shaped top plates 4 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the guide rod 3. The arc-shaped top plates 4 and the chest pressure plate 2 are basically located on the upper side of the patient's thorax. One end of the arc-shaped top plate 4 is hinged to the guide rod 3, and the other end of the arc-shaped top plate 4 is hinged to the arc-shaped side plate 5. The inner arc surfaces of the arc-shaped top plate 4 and the arc-shaped side plate 5 are adapted to the patient's thorax. The arc-shaped side plates 5 of the first positioning component and the second positioning component on the side closer to the sternal manubrium are connected by a fixed connecting device 6. The arc-shaped side plates 5 of the first positioning component and the second positioning component on the side farther from the sternal manubrium are connected by an elastic connecting device 7. A rib arch limiting plate 8 is also installed at one end of the chest pressure plate 2. This invention utilizes a fixed connection device 6 and an elastic connection device 7 with different constraint forces. The upper part can apply a larger constraint force to stabilize the sternal manubrium region, thereby effectively counteracting the tendency of sternal manubrium separation caused by upper limb activity or shoulder muscle traction in the early postoperative period. This ensures that the upper sternal segment, a key biomechanical region, is in a stable healing environment. The lower part can be appropriately relaxed to accommodate the rhythmic deformation of the costal arch region with the movement of the diaphragm. The elastic band can achieve compliant yielding through moderate stretching. It will not restrict the normal movement rhythm of the costal arch due to rigid restraint, nor will it increase the shear stress of local skin and soft tissue due to excessive resistance. It can achieve fine control under the premise of overall fixation, avoiding the problem of skin compression damage caused by excessive pressure, and improving the comfort and compliance of patients in postoperative breathing training.

[0017] In this embodiment, the rib arch limiting plate 8 includes a straight plate 9 and a hook plate 10 integrally formed with the plate body. The curvature of the hook plate 10 is adapted to the rib arch. The back side of the rib arch limiting plate 8 is connected to the chest pressure plate 2 through an elastic clamping member 11. The rib arch limiting plate 8 is also connected to the chest pressure plate 2 through an angle adjustment member. By designing the rib arch limiting plate 8, it can be used to hook the patient's rib arch position during use. When the patient coughs forcefully or changes from a lying position to a sitting position, the rib arch area generates an outward and upward expansion force due to the contraction of the abdominal muscles. This force is transmitted to the elastic clamping member 11 through the rib arch limiting plate 8. The elastic clamping member 11 can buffer this force, greatly reducing the tearing impact on the sternal fracture end and sutures during coughing, and reducing the patient's discomfort during postoperative recovery.

[0018] In this embodiment, the elastic clamping member 11 includes an arc-shaped clamping plate made of spring steel. One end of the arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly connected to the chest pressure plate 2, and the other end of the arc-shaped clamping plate extends along the bending direction of the hook plate 10 and is close to the outer surface of the rib arch limiting plate 8. The arc-shaped clamping plate provides downward elastic clamping force to the rib arch limiting plate 8, which facilitates the positioning of the rib arch, and at the same time, it has a certain elastic recovery capability. The angle adjustment member includes an elastic pull rope 12, a pull rod 13, and a limiting member 14. A through hole 15 is provided on the inner side of the chest pressure plate 2 along the length direction of the chest pressure plate 2. One end of the elastic pull rope 12 is fixedly connected to the hook plate 10, and the other end of the elastic pull rope 12 passes through the through hole 15 and is connected to one end of the pull rod 13. The other end of the pull rod 13 passes out of the through hole 15 and is connected to the limiting member 14. The limiting member 14 can be adjusted axially on the pull rod 13. The limiting component 14 uses a nut 35, which is threadedly connected to the pull rod 13. The diameter of the nut 35 is larger than the diameter of the pull rod 13, and it can be used to limit the position of the pull rod 13. The longer the pull rod 13 extends outward from the chest pressure plate 2, the longer the elastic pull rope 12 is stretched, and the greater the angle at which the rib arch limiting plate 8 is flipped outward. This reduces the clamping force of the arc-shaped pressure plate, thereby achieving the purpose of adjustment. The angle adjustment component of this invention can flexibly adjust the flipping angle of the rib arch limiting plate 8 according to the degree of local swelling of the rib arch, the thickness of subcutaneous fat, and pain tolerance. By rotating the limiting component 14 to change the extension length of the pull rod 13, the tension of the elastic pull rope 12 can be adjusted, thus precisely controlling the pre-tightening force of the arc-shaped pressure plate on the rib arch limiting plate 8. This ensures reliable positioning during initial wear and allows for dynamic adaptation at different recovery stages after surgery.

[0019] In this embodiment, a groove 16 is provided along the length of the arc-shaped top plate 4. An outer cylinder 17 is slidably disposed within the groove 16. The axis of the outer cylinder 17 is perpendicular to the arc-shaped top plate 4. A top rod 18 is slidably disposed at the lower end of the outer cylinder 17. The top rod 18 is connected to a pressure rod 20 via an intermediate rod 19. The pressure rod 20 is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder 17 and extends from the upper end of the outer cylinder 17. Rotating platforms 21 are installed at both ends of the intermediate rod 19. The two rotating platforms 21 are respectively rotatably installed in rotating grooves 22 opened inside the top rod 18 and the pressure rod 20. When the pressure rod 20 is rotated, the pressure rod 20 can be displaced along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 17. The pressure rod 20 drives the top rod 18 to move through the intermediate rod 19. The top rod 18 can be used to tighten the patient's ribs to adapt to different tightening needs.

[0020] In this embodiment, the two ends of the guide rod 3 are connected to the chest pressure plate 2 via the first support 23 and the second support 24, respectively. The first support 23 and the second support 24 are located at the end away from the rib arch limiting plate 8 and the end close to the rib arch limiting plate 8, respectively. The first support 23 is rotatably connected to the chest pressure plate 2 via the first pin 25, and the second support 24 is connected to the second pin 26. The chest pressure plate 2 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 27 for the second pin 26 to slide. The first pin 25 and the second pin 26 are both fastened to the chest pressure plate 2 by locking members. In use, rotating the guide rod 3 around the first pin 25 causes the angle of the guide rod 3 to deflect, and the angles of the first positioning component and the second positioning component installed on the guide rod 3 are also deflected, making the lower opening width wider. This allows the tension to be set according to the difference in circumference between the upper and lower parts of the patient's thorax. The arc-shaped top plate 4 of the upper part of the thorax can tightly hold the parasternal area, providing precise longitudinal stability, while the arc-shaped top plate 4 of the lower part of the thorax follows the outward expansion trend of the rib arch, expanding the coverage of the junction area of ​​the lower chest wall and the upper abdomen. This effectively prevents the rib arch from being compressed or tilted and dislodged due to insufficient opening at the lower end of the device, greatly improving the universal adaptability of the device to patients of different ages, genders and body types.

[0021] In this embodiment, a hinge seat 28 is fixed on the arc-shaped top plate 4. The hinge seat 28 has a hinge groove 29 that cooperates with the guide rod 3. A fixing member 30 is installed on the hinge seat 28 to fix the hinge seat 28 and the guide rod 3. The angle of the arc-shaped top plate 4 can be adjusted as needed. The hinge seat 28 can also slide along the guide rod 3 to adjust its position as needed, so as to achieve precise positioning of the top rod 18 and the rib. Clinicians can implement point-compensation pressure to meet the actual support needs for local unevenness caused by edema, muscle tension differences or drainage tube placement in different segments of the thoracic cavity.

[0022] In this embodiment, a groove 31 is formed in the middle of the arc-shaped side plate 5. The fixing and connecting device 6 includes an annular steel strip 32. One end of the steel strip 32 is fixed with a screw 33, and the other end of the steel strip 32 is provided with an opening groove 34 that cooperates with the screw 33. The screw 33 is fixed to the steel strip 32 by a nut 35. One end of the steel strip 32 passes through the grooves 31 of the two arc-shaped side plates 5 and is connected to the other end by a screw 33. The metal material of the steel strip 32 provides a tensile stiffness that is much higher than that of the elastic band, which can effectively suppress the horizontal separation force generated by the contraction of the shoulder girdle muscles in the sternal manubrium area.

[0023] In this embodiment, the elastic connection device 7 includes a first elastic band 36 and a second elastic band 37 that are respectively connected to the first positioning component and the second positioning component. Both the first elastic band 36 and the second elastic band 37 are made of elastic material. The two ends of the first elastic band 36 and the second elastic band 37 are connected by Velcro 38. This flexible connection method provides variable compliance constraint for the rib arch area.

Claims

1. An auxiliary support device for thoracic fixation after cardiac surgery, characterized in that: The device includes a central hinge axis and a first positioning component and a second positioning component symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central hinge axis. The central hinge axis extends longitudinally along the midline of the sternum. The first and second positioning components have the same structure. The first positioning component includes a chest pressure plate, one side of which is hinged to the central hinge axis. A guide rod is installed on the outer side of the chest pressure plate. Multiple sets of arc-shaped top plates are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the guide rod. One end of the arc-shaped top plate is hinged to the guide rod, and the other end of the arc-shaped top plate is hinged to the arc-shaped side plate. The inner arc surfaces of the arc-shaped top plate and the arc-shaped side plate are adapted to the patient's thoracic cage. The arc-shaped side plates of the first and second positioning components on the side closer to the manubrium of the sternum are connected by a fixed connection device, and the arc-shaped side plates of the first and second positioning components on the side farther from the manubrium of the sternum are connected by an elastic connection device. A rib arch limiting plate is also installed at one end of the chest pressure plate.

2. The auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rib arch limiting plate includes a straight plate and a hook plate integrally formed with the plate body. The curvature of the hook plate is adapted to the rib arch. The back side of the rib arch limiting plate is connected to the chest pressure plate through an elastic clamping member. The rib arch limiting plate is also connected to the chest pressure plate through an angle adjustment member.

3. The auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic clamping component includes an arc-shaped clamping plate made of spring steel. One end of the arc-shaped clamping plate is fixedly connected to the chest clamping plate, and the other end of the arc-shaped clamping plate extends along the bending direction of the hook plate and is in close contact with the outer surface of the rib arch limiting plate. The angle adjustment component includes an elastic pull rope, a pull rod, and a limiting component. A through hole is provided on the inner side of the chest clamping plate along its length. One end of the elastic pull rope is fixedly connected to the hook plate, and the other end of the elastic pull rope passes through the through hole and connects to one end of the pull rod. The other end of the pull rod passes through the through hole and connects to the limiting component. The limiting component can be adjusted axially on the pull rod.

4. The auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: A groove is provided along the length of the arc-shaped top plate, and an outer cylinder is slidably installed in the groove. The axis of the outer cylinder is perpendicular to the arc-shaped top plate. A top rod is slidably installed at the lower end of the outer cylinder. The top rod is connected to a pressure rod through an intermediate rod. The pressure rod is threaded to the outer cylinder and extends from the upper end of the outer cylinder. Rotating tables are installed at both ends of the intermediate rod. The two rotating tables are respectively rotatably installed in the rotating grooves opened inside the top rod and the pressure rod.

5. The auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two ends of the guide rod are connected to the chest pressure plate through the first support and the second support, respectively. The first support and the second support are located at the end away from the rib arch limiting plate and the end close to the rib arch limiting plate, respectively. The first support is rotatably connected to the chest pressure plate through the first pin, and the second support is connected to the second pin. The chest pressure plate has an arc-shaped groove for the second pin to slide. Both the first pin and the second pin are fastened to the chest pressure plate by locking parts.

6. The auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hinge seat is fixed on the curved top plate. The hinge seat has a hinge groove that mates with the guide rod. A fastener is installed on the hinge seat to fix the hinge seat and the guide rod together.

7. An auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The center of the arc-shaped side plate forms a groove. The fixing and connecting device includes an annular steel strip. One end of the steel strip is fixed with a screw, and the other end of the steel strip has an opening groove that mates with the screw. The screw is fixed to the steel strip by a nut. One end of the steel strip passes through the grooves of the two arc-shaped side plates and is then connected to the other end by a screw.

8. An auxiliary support device for postoperative chest wall fixation in cardiac surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic connection device includes a first elastic band and a second elastic band that are respectively connected to the first positioning component and the second positioning component. Both the first elastic band and the second elastic band are made of elastic material, and the two ends of the first elastic band and the second elastic band are connected by Velcro.

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