Segmented orthopedic limb dynamic fixation nursing appliance

Abstract

The application discloses a segmented limb fixing and nursing appliance for orthopedics. The appliance comprises at least two independent segments arranged along the axis of the limb, each segment comprising a shell, a fixing plate and a cover plate; the shell is provided with a visual opening, the fixing plate is detachably connected with the shell to form an embracing structure, the cover plate is opened and closed independently of the embracing structure, the cover plate is provided with a convex structure to hold a dressing material, the edge of the visual opening is provided with an annular pressure distribution structure, when the cover plate is closed, the convex structure holds the dressing material, and the annular pressure distribution structure disperses the concentrated pressure on the edge of the opening to the surrounding tissues in a gradient, one closing action simultaneously completes the two functions of dressing holding and edge pressure distribution; the shells of adjacent segments are connected through replaceable bridging buckles, the bridging buckles comprise rigid buckles and elastic buckles, and the switching between rigid fixing and controlled movement is realized by replacing the bridging buckles. The application has the effects of not interrupting the fracture fixation during dressing, dispersing the pressure on the edge of the opening to prevent pressure sores and segmental differential fixation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of orthopedic medical device technology, specifically relating to a segmented orthopedic dynamic fixation and care device for affected limbs. Background Technology

[0002] Fracture patients typically need to wear splints or braces for 4 to 6 weeks or even longer during external fixation treatment. During this period, patients face several major nursing challenges: firstly, regular wound dressing changes and observation are required; secondly, prolonged pressure can lead to pressure sores; and thirdly, prolonged immobilization can cause stiffness in adjacent joints. Several improved solutions have emerged in existing technologies to address these issues.

[0003] Prior art document CN120478020A discloses a fracture orthopedic fixation device. This device mainly includes two fixation plates, each with a ventilated window along its length, within which multiple orthopedic components are placed. Each orthopedic component consists of an arc-shaped rubber compression plate and a protrusion on the compression plate. The compression plate is placed inside the fixation plate in contact with the skin, and the protrusion protrudes through the window. The compression plate is hollow and can be inflated through an air nozzle, causing it to expand and thus adjusting the tightness of the fixation plate on the arm. Furthermore, the fixation plate can be divided into multiple segments, allowing for adjustments to the number of intermediate plates based on arm length, and the angle between adjacent segments can be adjusted to accommodate joint areas. It can be seen that this device reduces weight and increases breathability through the window, and achieves tightness adjustment through the inflatable compression plate, making it more convenient than traditional plaster casts. However, after the compression plate expands, a pressure difference forms in the transition area between the window edge and the compression plate. The skin at the window edge experiences significantly greater pressure than other areas, making this area prone to pressure sores after prolonged use. Meanwhile, the connection between its segments adopts a rigid screw connection, and each segment can only maintain one state after being fixed. It is not possible to keep some segments fixed and allow some segments to move as needed.

[0004] Prior art document CN210408722U discloses an orthopedic splint. This splint mainly consists of a first fixation plate and a second fixation plate, both made of flexible material and connected on one side by a connector. In use, the two fixation plates are wrapped around the arm and secured with a strap and buckle. The first fixation plate has a dressing change port in the middle, covered by an openable cap. The cap is connected to the fixation plate by a hinge and kept closed by Velcro. The inner side of the cap has a placement groove for a medication tray, which has a medication reservoir and a perforation hole. In use, ointment or liquid medication is added to the medication reservoir, and after closing the cap, the medication permeates through the perforation hole onto the gauze and then contacts the wound. This allows medical staff to change the medication simply by opening the cap, without removing the entire splint, avoiding the problem of fracture displacement caused by repeated disassembly. It can be seen that this splint, by setting up a dressing change port and cap, achieves the function of changing dressings without removing the splint. However, the splint has a notch directly cut into the buffer layer at the dressing change site, creating a hard edge around the site. When the fixation strap is tightened, this hard edge concentrates pressure on the surrounding skin, easily leading to pressure sores around the dressing change site after prolonged use. Furthermore, the splint is a single piece, encasing the entire arm within a single piece, making it impossible to differentiate between fracture sites and joint areas.

[0005] Prior art document CN213993876U discloses a novel structural fixation device for trauma orthopedics. This device mainly comprises a rigid protective sleeve and a breathable pad. The rigid protective sleeve consists of two semi-circular arc-shaped pieces connected at the bottom by a pivot, allowing it to be opened and closed. The top is locked with screws, forming a cylinder that wraps around the arm. The breathable pad is attached to the inner wall of the rigid protective sleeve with Velcro. The side of the pad that contacts the skin is wavy, with air vents in the concave areas of the wavy surface. The pad has longitudinal and transverse ventilation channels, allowing it to be inflated via an external inflation device. Airflow exits through the vents, actively drying sweat and reducing stuffiness. This device reduces the area of ​​skin subjected to continuous pressure through the wavy pad and reduces stuffiness and moisture through active ventilation, helping to prevent pressure sores and skin itching. However, the rigid protective sleeve and breathable pad are a single unit; when the patient needs dressing changes, the screws must be unscrewed and the entire rigid protective sleeve opened to access the wound. In this way, the entire fixation device is released from its restraint on the fracture site, and the fracture ends may shift.

[0006] The above analysis shows that while existing fixation devices have made varying degrees of improvement in terms of breathability, tightness adjustment, ease of dressing changes, and segmented assembly, they still fall short in meeting the needs of fracture care, namely, maintaining uninterrupted fixation during dressing changes, preventing pressure sores at the fracture site, and balancing the need for stable fixation of the fracture site with appropriate mobility of adjacent joints. To address these shortcomings, this application proposes a novel segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a segmented orthopedic limb dynamic fixation nursing device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device comprises a shell, a fixation plate, and a cover plate: The shell is used to wrap around the affected limb and has a visible opening. The fixing plate is detachably connected to the housing to form a circumferential structure around the affected limb together with the housing; The cover plate can be opened and closed to cover the visible opening, and the opening and closing of the cover plate is independent of the circumferential structure between the fixed plate and the housing; The cover plate has a protruding structure extending toward the affected limb, which is used to hold the dressing at the skin of the affected limb corresponding to the visible opening; The edge of the visible opening is provided with an annular pressure-dividing structure; When the cover is closed, the raised structure holds the dressing in place, while the annular pressure-distributing structure is in an elastic deformation state, which distributes the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening to the surrounding tissue in a gradient. One closing action simultaneously completes the two functions of dressing retention and edge pressure distribution.

[0009] Optionally, the inner surface of the housing is provided with a pressure-distributing pad layer; the edge of the visible opening is recessed inward to form a ring of pressure-distributing structure mounting grooves; the annular pressure-distributing structure is located on the pressure-distributing pad layer corresponding to the visible opening, with its bottom embedded in the pressure-distributing structure mounting grooves and its main body protruding inward; the protruding structure and the annular pressure-distributing structure are spatially corresponding and matched: the protruding structure is projected onto the central area of ​​the visible opening, and the annular pressure-distributing structure surrounds the outer periphery of the projected area; the hardness of the annular pressure-distributing structure is lower than that of the rest of the pressure-distributing pad layer, thereby dispersing the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening to the surrounding tissues in a gradient.

[0010] Optionally, the Shore hardness of the annular pressure-dividing structure is A5 to A20, and the Shore hardness of the remaining portion of the pressure-dividing pad is A30 to A50.

[0011] Optionally, the shell is an elastic C-shaped structure with a first inner diameter and a first covering curvature in its natural state. The shell can be radially compressed under external force, causing its two free ends to come together and elastically deform to a second inner diameter and a second covering curvature. When the shell is compressed to the second inner diameter, the fixing plate is fastened between the two free ends of the shell to constrain the elastic rebound of the shell, so that the shell is stably maintained at the second inner diameter and the second covering curvature. The second inner diameter is smaller than the first inner diameter, and the second covering curvature is larger than the first covering curvature, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tightness of the enclosure.

[0012] Optionally, each of the two free ends of the housing is provided with at least one outwardly extending fastening flange; the two sides of the fixing plate are provided with corresponding fastening grooves; when the housing is squeezed to the second inner diameter, the fastening flange is engaged in the fastening groove, and under the action of the elastic rebound force of the housing, the fastening flange and the fastening groove are tightly fastened to achieve self-locking.

[0013] A segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device includes at least two independent segments arranged along the axial direction of the affected limb, each independent segment comprising: The shell is designed to wrap around the affected limb and has a visible opening. A fixing plate is detachably connected to the housing to form a circumferential structure around the affected limb together with the housing; A cover plate, which can be opened and closed, covers the visible opening. Its opening and closing are independent of the circumferential structure between the fixed plate and the housing. The cover plate is provided with a protruding structure extending toward the affected limb for holding the dressing at the skin of the affected limb corresponding to the visible opening. An annular pressure-distributing structure is provided at the edge of the visible opening. When the cover is in a closed state, the annular pressure-distributing structure is in an elastic deformation state, which disperses the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening to the surrounding tissue in a gradient. Adjacent shell segments are detachably connected by an inter-segment connection structure.

[0014] Optionally, the inter-segment connection structure includes a connecting flange located at the end of each segment housing, and at least one bridging buckle detachably snapped onto the connecting flanges of adjacent segments.

[0015] Optionally, the bridging buckle includes a rigid bridging buckle and an elastic bridging buckle; the rigid bridging buckle rigidly fixes two adjacent segments together; the elastic bridging buckle allows for damped, controlled relative angular displacement between two adjacent segments and has a preset angular displacement limit, which forms a rigid stop when the limit is reached.

[0016] A method of using a segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device, the device comprising at least two independent segments arranged along the axial direction of the affected limb, the shells of adjacent segments being connected by replaceable bridging buckles, the bridging buckles comprising rigid bridging buckles for rigidly fixing adjacent segments and elastic bridging buckles for allowing controlled relative angular displacement of adjacent segments, the method of use comprising the following steps: Dressing change procedure: Cover the visible opening with the cover plate, so that the raised structure passes through the visible opening to keep the dressing on the skin surface of the affected limb. At the same time, the annular pressure-distributing structure undergoes elastic deformation at the edge of the visible opening, which disperses the concentrated pressure to the surrounding tissue in a gradient. Initial fixing steps: Install the rigid bridging clips on the connecting flanges of all adjacent sections to ensure that the sections are in a rigidly fixed state; Transition adjustment step: Remove the rigid bridging buckle between the selected adjacent segments from the connecting flange and replace it with an elastic bridging buckle with a first elastic modulus, so that the adjacent segments switch to a state with a first controlled range of motion. Activity adjustment steps: Remove the elastic bridging buckle with the first elastic modulus from the connecting flange and replace it with an elastic bridging buckle with the second elastic modulus, the second elastic modulus being less than the first elastic modulus, so that the adjacent segments switch to a state with a second controlled range of motion, the second controlled range of motion being greater than the first controlled range of motion.

[0017] A modular orthopedic fixation system comprising multiple universal segmental units and multiple replaceable bridging buckles; Each general segment unit includes a housing and a fixing plate; the housing is used to wrap around the affected limb, and the fixing plate is detachably connected to the housing to form a wrap-around structure around the affected limb together with the housing; the end of the housing is provided with a uniform connection interface; The bridging buckle is used to connect adjacent general-purpose segment units, and the bridging buckle includes a rigid bridging buckle that rigidly fixes the adjacent general-purpose segment units and an elastic bridging buckle that allows the adjacent general-purpose segment units to generate controlled relative angular displacement. The elastic bridging buckle has a preset angular displacement limit, and forms a rigid stop when the limit is reached. It also includes at least one window module, which is detachably mounted on the housing of any universal segment unit to convert the unit into a window segment with a visible opening and a cover.

[0018] Optionally, the window opening module includes a back plate that can be installed on the housing. The back plate is provided with the visual opening and the cover plate. The cover plate is provided with a window opening that is smaller than the visual opening. A ring of edge protrusions extends around the window opening toward the affected limb for holding the dressing gauze.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. Beneficial Effects of Independent Segmentation: Although the prior art document CN210408722U has a dressing change port and a cap, the buffer layer at the dressing change port has a direct notch. When tightened, it forms a hard edge around the dressing change port, concentrating pressure on the skin. Prolonged use can easily lead to pressure sores around the dressing change port. The raised structure and the annular pressure-distributing structure of this application correspond spatially. The raised structure projects onto the central area of ​​the visible opening, and the annular pressure-distributing structure surrounds the outer periphery of this projected area. When the cap is closed, the raised structure holds the dressing, and the annular pressure-distributing structure gradually disperses the concentrated pressure at the opening edge to the surrounding tissue. According to test data from Example 4, this combination reduces the peak maximum interfacial pressure at the edge of the visible opening from 6.8 kPa to 1.2 kPa, approximately 1 / 5.7 of that without the pressure-distributing structure. Those skilled in the art generally believe that simply adding a soft pad to the edge of the window can only reduce the peak pressure to about 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the original level. However, this application reduces the pressure to about 1 / 5 of the original level through a specific combination of a raised structure and an annular pressure-distributing structure. This pressure reduction far exceeds the expected effect of simply adding a soft pad, resulting in an unexpected technical effect.

[0020] 2. Beneficial effects of the complete device: Prior art document CN120478020A requires an air pump to inflate the compression plate to adjust its tightness. The shell of this application adopts an elastic C-shaped structure. During operation, the shell is manually squeezed to hug the affected limb, the fixation plate is fastened, and releasing the grip achieves self-locking. The elastic rebound force of the shell serves as both the embracing force and the locking force. The operation steps are fewer, and the embracing force is evenly distributed on the surface of the affected limb, avoiding the localized pressure that may occur with bandage-type fixation.

[0021] 3. Beneficial effects of the segmented fixing and adjustment method: Although the prior art document CN120478020A divides the fixing plate into multiple segments, the segments are rigidly connected by screws, and the entire support can only be rigidly fixed or loosened as a whole. This application sets replaceable bridging buckles between adjacent segments. By replacing bridging buckles with different elastic moduli, the fixing strength can be adjusted in stages between three states. The adjustment process of fixing strength is operable and repeatable, avoiding the uncertainty of traditional methods that rely on experience and feel for adjustment.

[0022] 4. Beneficial Effects of Modular Fixation Systems: Comparative documents CN210408722U and CN213993876U are both monolithic structures. The former cannot differentiate between fracture sites and joint sites, while the latter requires opening the entire rigid protective sleeve during dressing changes. Although comparative document CN120478020A allows for the addition or removal of intermediate plates, its window function is limited, and the connection methods between segments cannot be changed as needed. This application modularizes all three components: the segmented shell, the window opening function, and the inter-segment connections. The universal segmented units, window opening modules, and bridging buckles are all independent and replaceable components. The number of universal segmented units, the location of the window opening modules, and the type of bridging buckles can be flexibly selected according to the length of the affected limb, the fracture location, and the wound size, creating a completely personalized fixation brace. A single system can adapt to the diverse needs of different patients, different fracture sites, and different fracture types, improving clinical applicability and reducing the complexity of inventory preparation and management. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of another state of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of this application; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of Part A of this application; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Shell; 11. Visible opening; 12. Pressure dividing pad; 13. Pressure dividing structure mounting groove; 14. Annular pressure dividing structure; 15. Snap-fit ​​flange; 2. Fixing plate; 21. Snap-fit ​​groove; 3. Cover plate; 31. Protruding structure; 32. Window opening; 4. Connecting flange; 5. Rigid bridging buckle; 6. Flexible bridging buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] Example 1: Independent Segmentation This invention provides an independent segment of a segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device. This independent segment can be used as a separate fixation unit, or it can be used as the basic unit for combining multiple segments in the following embodiment two.

[0026] The independent section includes a housing 1, a fixing plate 2, and a cover plate 3.

[0027] The shell 1 is used to encircle the affected limb. Its cross-section is C-shaped, and it surrounds the affected limb from three directions: the posterior (dorsal), medial (ulnar), and lateral (radial). The shell 1 is made of elastic medical-grade polypropylene or polyethylene material, possessing a certain rigidity to provide support while also being elastic to allow for deformation under stress. A through-hole visual opening 11 is formed on the rear side wall of the shell 1, the position of which corresponds to the wound or medication application area at the fracture site.

[0028] The cover plate 3 can be opened and closed over the visible opening 11, and the opening and closing of the cover plate 3 is independent of the encircling structure between the fixed plate 2 and the housing 1. As a specific way of opening and closing, one edge of the cover plate 3 is connected to the corresponding edge of the visible opening 11 of the housing 1 via a hinge, so that the cover plate 3 can be flipped open and closed around the hinge axis. In this embodiment, a rotary latch is provided on the other side of the housing 1 located on the cover plate 3. By rotating the rotary latch, the cover plate 3 is locked in a closed state and pressed against the housing 1; when it is necessary to open, the rotary latch is turned in the opposite direction to flip and open the cover plate 3. It can be understood that other openable connection methods, such as sliding groove push-pull connection, magnetic connection, or snap-fit ​​connection where the cover plate 3 is detachable as a whole, can replace the above-mentioned hinge connection method to achieve the same openable and closable function.

[0029] The cover plate 3 has a raised structure 31 extending towards the affected limb. This raised structure 31 is a ring of protrusions around the central opening of the cover plate 3, used to hold and position the dressing. When the cover plate 3 is closed, the raised structure 31 passes through the visible opening 11, bringing the dressing into contact with the skin surface of the affected limb with a preset slight pressure. It should be noted that the opening and closing of the cover plate 3 is completely independent of the circumferential force adjustment between the housing 1 and the fixation plate 2, therefore the dressing change operation will not affect the stability of the fracture fixation.

[0030] The fixing plate 2 is detachably connected to the housing 1 to form a complete wrap-around structure around the affected limb together with the housing 1. The fixing plate 2 covers the front (palmar) side of the affected limb, and its curvature matches the front contour of the affected limb.

[0031] It should be noted that the embracing structure formed by the fixing plate 2 and the housing 1 is not limited to the engagement form of the fastening flange 15 and the fastening groove 21 in this embodiment. In other possible embodiments, one edge of the fixing plate 2 can also be hinged to one open edge of the housing 1 via a pivot, and the other side can be locked to the other open edge of the housing 1 via a snap fastener or elastic buckle, which can also constrain the housing 1 to a tightened state. Alternatively, both edges of the fixing plate 2 can be connected to both open edges of the housing 1 by snap fasteners, and the fixing plate 2 can be completely detached. The core of the embracing structure is that the fixing plate 2, as a constraint member, restricts the two free ends of the housing 1 within a preset distance, so that the elastic recovery tendency of the housing 1 is transformed into an embracing force on the affected limb.

[0032] The inner surface of the housing 1 is provided with a pressure-distributing pad layer 12. The pressure-distributing pad layer 12 is made of medium-hardness medical silicone or polyurethane memory foam, with a thickness of 1 to 2 cm, to provide basic pressure uniform distribution and comfort.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, the edge of the visible opening 11 of the housing 1 is recessed inward to form a ring of pressure-dividing structure mounting groove 13. The pressure-dividing structure mounting groove 13 is a dovetail-shaped groove with a small opening and a large cavity. The pressure-dividing pad layer 12 has an annular pressure-dividing structure 14 at the position corresponding to the visible opening 11. The bottom of the annular pressure-dividing structure 14 is embedded in the pressure-dividing structure mounting groove 13 to form a mechanical lock, and its main body bulges inward.

[0034] The material hardness of the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 is lower than that of the rest of the pressure-distributing pad layer 12. For example, the pressure-distributing pad layer 12 is made of silicone with a Shore hardness of A30 to A50, while the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 is made of ultra-soft silicone or thermoplastic elastomer gel with a Shore hardness of A5 to A20. The surface of the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 facing the skin is a smooth curved surface, and its cross-sectional thickness gradually decreases or transitions in an arched shape from the outer side away from the edge of the visible opening 11 to the inner side near the edge of the visible opening 11.

[0035] The raised structure 31 and the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 are spatially corresponding and matched: the raised structure 31 is projected onto the central area of ​​the visible opening 11, and the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 surrounds the outer periphery of the projected area. When the cover plate 3 is in the closed state, the raised structure 31 holds the dressing, and the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 is in an elastic deformation state, which disperses the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening 11 to the surrounding tissue in a gradient.

[0036] It should be noted that the above spatial correspondence manifests as the following synergistic effect in dressing change operations: From an operational perspective, both functions occur in the same action. When medical staff close the cover plate 3 onto the visual opening 11, the protruding structure 31 passes through the visual opening 11, positioning and holding the dressing on the skin surface of the affected limb, completing the dressing change. Simultaneously, the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 undergoes elastic deformation under the encircling force of the shell 1, dispersing the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visual opening 11 to the surrounding tissues in a gradient, thus completing pressure management. With one closing action, both functions are completed simultaneously, eliminating the need for separate operations.

[0037] Spatially, the two structures each perform their respective functions without interfering with each other. The protruding structure 31 is located in the central area of ​​the visible opening 11, and its task is to secure the dressing; the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 is located in the edge area of ​​the visible opening 11, and its task is to distribute pressure. When the protruding structure 31 presses the dressing onto the skin of the affected limb, the skin in the central area of ​​the visible opening 11 experiences uniform pressure transmitted from the dressing; while the stress concentration that would normally occur in the edge area of ​​the visible opening 11 is eliminated by the annular pressure-distributing structure 14. Spatially, the two form a division of labor where "the central area is responsible for maintaining the dressing, and the edge area is responsible for distributing pressure," and the pressure distribution will not experience additional localized concentration due to the placement of the dressing.

[0038] From a structural perspective, the two components form a complete pressure-prevention unit for dressing changes through the visible opening 11. Without the raised structure 31, the dressing cannot be accurately positioned and held, requiring dressing changes to rely on adhesive tape or manual pressure, which is cumbersome and unstable. Without the annular pressure-distributing structure 14, the rigid shell 1 at the edge of the visible opening 11 would directly compress the skin, turning the dressing change window into a cause of pressure ulcers. Only when both components exist simultaneously and work together can the complete effect of "uninterrupted fixation during dressing changes and prevention of pressure ulcers after dressing changes" be achieved.

[0039] The above-mentioned synergistic relationship does not appear in the existing technology. Although the prior art CN210408722U achieves the function of changing dressings without removing the splint by using a cap and a medicine tray, the buffer layer at the edge of its dressing opening has a direct gap without any pressure distribution measures. Dressing placement and pressure management are two independent steps. Although the prior art CN120478020A has a window, the function of the window is only for ventilation and to accommodate the protrusion. The edge of the window is a transition area between a rigid fixing plate and a soft extrusion plate. The hardness of the two materials is very different, and the skin at the edge of the window bears significantly higher pressure than other areas.

[0040] In this embodiment, the cross-sectional thickness of the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 gradually decreases from the outer side away from the opening edge to the inner side closer to the opening edge, and the material hardness is also lower than that of the surrounding pressure-distributing pad layer 12. When the support is fixed, the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 contacts the skin before the hard edge of the shell 1, and the pressure smoothly decreases along its gradually decreasing thickness to the opening edge. This method of adjusting the pressure distribution through both geometry and material properties is fundamentally different from simply adding a buffer layer.

[0041] The shell 1 is a flexible C-shaped structure. In its natural state, the shell 1 has a first inner diameter and a first covering curvature, at which time a large open gap is formed between the two free ends of the shell 1, which facilitates the insertion of an arm.

[0042] The shell 1 can be radially compressed under external force, causing its two free ends to come together and elastically deform to a second inner diameter and a second covering curvature. The second inner diameter is smaller than the first inner diameter, and the second covering curvature is larger than the first covering curvature, for example, the first covering curvature is about 270 degrees and the second covering curvature is about 300 degrees.

[0043] Each of the two free ends of the housing 1 has at least one outwardly extending snap-fit ​​flange 15. The two sides of the fixing plate 2 have corresponding snap-fit ​​grooves 21. When the housing 1 is manually pressed to the second inner diameter, the fixing plate 2 is placed over the notch between the two free ends of the housing 1, aligning the snap-fit ​​flanges 15 and engaging them into the snap-fit ​​grooves 21. Upon release, the housing 1 exhibits an outward elastic recovery tendency, which simultaneously produces two synergistic effects: Firstly, the two free ends of the housing 1 tend to expand outwards, causing the fastening flange 15 to push outwards, pressing it deep into the fastening groove 21 and making it fit tightly. The stronger the recovery tendency, the tighter the fastening between the fastening flange 15 and the fastening groove 21, and the more reliable the locking. This is the source of the locking force.

[0044] Secondly, after the outward expansion tendency of shell 1 is constrained by the fixing plate 2, shell 1 cannot return to its natural state. Its elastic restoring force is transmitted inward through the inner wall of shell 1, transforming into a continuous circumferential pressure on the affected limb. The circumferential pressure is evenly distributed along the inner surface of shell 1, and the affected limb is stably constrained within the circumferential structure formed by shell 1 and fixing plate 2. This is the source of the circumferential force.

[0045] Therefore, the same elastic recovery tendency provides both locking force and clamping force, and the two functions do not consume each other but rather reinforce each other: the stronger the elastic recovery tendency, the more secure the fastening and the more sufficient the clamping force. This structure does not require additional adjustment mechanisms such as straps, screws, or ratchet. The operation steps are simply "manually squeeze the housing 1, fasten the fixing plate 2, and release" to simultaneously complete the clamping fixation and self-locking, making the operation extremely simple.

[0046] When disassembly is required, simply push one edge of the fixing plate 2 outward to overcome the elastic restoring force of the housing 1, so that the fastening flange 15 can be disengaged from the fastening groove 21 and the fixing plate 2 can be removed.

[0047] The independent segmentation in this embodiment differs significantly from existing technologies. Reference document CN210408722U is a monolithic splint, where the entire arm is wrapped in a single splint, making it impossible to differentiate treatment for fracture sites and joints. The independent segmentation in this embodiment can be used as an independent fixation unit or combined with other segments to form a complete device, offering flexible functional configuration. Reference document CN120478020A has a window area that is the transition zone between the edge of a rigid fixation plate and a soft rubber compression plate; the skin at the window edge experiences significantly greater pressure than in other areas. This embodiment features an annular pressure-distributing structure 14 at the edge of the visible opening 11. Through a combination of low-hardness material and a gradually varying cross-sectional thickness, the concentrated pressure at the opening edge is gradually dispersed to the surrounding tissue, structurally eliminating the cause of pressure ulcers. The prior art document CN120478020A requires an air pump to inflate the compression plate to adjust the tightness; the shell 1 in this embodiment provides both embracing force and locking force through its elastic recovery tendency, with fewer operation steps and the embracing force is evenly distributed on the surface of the affected limb, avoiding the local pressure that may occur with bandage fixation.

[0048] Example 2: A complete appliance composed of multiple segments The present invention also provides a segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device, comprising at least two independent segments arranged along the axial direction of the affected limb as described in Embodiment 1. Taking three segments as an example, they are a proximal segment, a fenestrated segment, and a distal segment.

[0049] The fenestrated section is located directly above the fracture site, and its shell 1 has a visible opening 11 and a cover plate 3. The proximal and distal sections have essentially the same structure as the fenestrated section, except that the rear sidewall of their shell 1 is a complete wall surface and does not have a visible opening 11. In another embodiment of this application, for ease of use, the length of the shell 1 of the proximal and distal sections is shorter than the length of the shell 1 of the fenestrated section.

[0050] The adjacent segments of the housing 1 are detachably connected by an inter-segment connection structure. The inter-segment connection structure includes a connecting flange 4 located at the end of each segment of the housing 1, and at least one bridging clip that is detachably snapped onto the connecting flanges 4 of two adjacent segments.

[0051] The bridging clips are replaceable modules, including two types: rigid bridging clip 5 and flexible bridging clip 6. Rigid bridging clip 5 is made of the same rigid material as the housing 1, ensuring complete rigid fixation between adjacent segments after installation, with no relative displacement. Flexible bridging clip 6 has an elastomer layer on its inner ring, allowing damped, controlled relative angular displacement between adjacent segments, and has a preset angular displacement limit. When the angular displacement reaches this preset limit, the elastomer layer is fully compressed, and the rigid part of the flexible bridging clip 6 directly contacts the connecting flange 4, forming a rigid stop to prevent excessive movement and damage to the fracture ends.

[0052] The flexible bridging buckle 6 is available in various specifications, marked with different colors to correspond to different elastomer layer hardness and maximum allowable angle of movement, allowing doctors to select the appropriate fit based on rehabilitation plans. The elastomer layer of the flexible bridging buckle 6 is made of medical-grade thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), medical-grade silicone rubber, or polyurethane elastomer, among other medical-grade elastic materials. In this embodiment, the elastomer layer uses medical-grade thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) as an example, with a preferred Shore A hardness range of A30 to A70 and a thickness of 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm. The lower the hardness of the elastomer layer, the greater the allowable angular displacement range under the same structure; the higher the hardness, the smaller the angular displacement limit, ultimately forming a rigid stop when the limit is reached.

[0053] It should be noted that, in actual use, the length of the elastic bridging buckle 6 is fixed. When relative angular displacement occurs between two adjacent shell segments 1, this angular displacement is not uniformly distributed along the length of the elastic bridging buckle 6. Since the proximal shell segment 1 is usually used as a relatively fixed reference, the movement mainly occurs in the distal shell segment 1. Therefore, the local bending angle of the proximal portion of the elastic bridging buckle 6 is greater than that of the distal portion, and the maximum bending angle occurs at the proximal end of the elastic bridging buckle 6. The controlled relative angular displacement limit described in this application refers to the limit value defined based on the maximum bending angle at the proximal end of the elastic bridging buckle 6, rather than the average bending angle of the entire length of the elastic bridging buckle 6.

[0054] As an example, for Shore A hardness grades A30 to A40, the controlled relative angular displacement limit is approximately 15° to 20°; for Shore A hardness grades A40 to A50, the angular displacement limit is approximately 10° to 15°; for Shore A hardness grades A50 to A60, the angular displacement limit is approximately 5° to 10°; and for Shore A hardness grades A60 to A70, the angular displacement limit is approximately 3° to 5°. For specific correspondences, please refer to the experimental data in Example Six.

[0055] In other embodiments, there can be four segments: a proximal segment, a window segment, a window segment, and a distal segment.

[0056] This segmented connection structure differs significantly from the segmentation method in prior art document CN120478020A. In CN120478020A, the segments are rigidly connected by screws and fixing holes, and each segment can only maintain one state after fixation; the entire brace is either completely rigidly fixed or completely loosened. In this embodiment, however, through replaceable bridging buckles, the surgeon can use rigid bridging buckles 5 at the fenestration segment at the fracture end to ensure stable fixation, while using elastic bridging buckles 6 in segments adjacent to the joint to allow for early safe movement. This differentiated design of "one brace, different areas, different fixation methods" is not provided in any existing technology.

[0057] Example 3: Usage Method This invention also provides a method of using a segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device. The device includes at least two independent segments arranged along the axial direction of the affected limb. Each independent segment includes a housing 1, a fixing plate 2, and a cover plate 3. The housing 1 has a visible opening 11. The fixing plate 2 and the housing 1 form a circumferential structure. The edge of the visible opening 11 has an annular pressure-distributing structure 14. The housings 1 of adjacent segments are connected by replaceable bridging buckles. The bridging buckles include rigid bridging buckles 5 that rigidly fix adjacent segments and elastic bridging buckles 6 that allow controlled relative angular displacement of adjacent segments. The method of use includes the following steps: Dressing change procedure: Cover the cover plate 3 onto the visible opening 11, so that the protruding structure 31 passes through the visible opening 11 to keep the dressing on the skin surface of the affected limb. At the same time, the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 undergoes elastic deformation at the edge of the visible opening 11, dispersing the concentrated pressure to the surrounding tissues in a gradient.

[0058] Initial fixing steps: Install the rigid bridging clips 5 onto the connecting flanges 4 of all adjacent sections to ensure that each section is rigidly fixed. In specific operation, taking three sections as an example, fix two rigid bridging clips 5 onto the connecting flanges 4 between the near end section and the window section, and between the window section and the far end section, respectively, so that the entire bracket provides rigid fixation equivalent to traditional plaster.

[0059] Transition adjustment step: Remove the rigid bridging clip 5 between the selected adjacent segments from the connecting flange 4, and replace it with an elastic bridging clip 6 having a first elastic modulus, so that the adjacent segments switch to a state with a first controlled range of motion. For example, remove the rigid bridging clip 5 between the window segment and the distal segment, and replace it with an elastic bridging clip 6 with a Shore A hardness of A50 to A60 (corresponding to a controlled angular displacement limit of approximately 5° to 10°). At this time, the window segment and the proximal segment still maintain a rigid connection, while the distal segment can move within the controlled range.

[0060] Adjustment steps: Remove the elastic bridging clip 6 with the first elastic modulus from the connecting flange 4 and replace it with an elastic bridging clip 6 with a second elastic modulus, which is less than the first elastic modulus. This switches the adjacent segments to a state with a second controlled range of motion, which is greater than the first controlled range of motion. For example, replacing the elastic bridging clip 6 with a Shore A hardness of A50 to A60 with an elastic bridging clip 6 with a Shore A hardness of A30 to A40 (corresponding to a controlled angular displacement limit of approximately 15° to 20°) further increases the range of motion.

[0061] This method allows for flexible switching between rigid fixation and controlled movement by disassembling and replacing the bridging clips. This eliminates the need to disassemble the entire brace to adjust the fixation strength. The operation is simple, and each replacement corresponds to specific mechanical parameters, making it operable and repeatable. It should be noted that this method pertains to the assembly and adjustment of the device and does not involve medical diagnosis or treatment.

[0062] The usage method provided in this embodiment differs significantly from existing technologies. In the prior art, the segments are rigidly connected by screws and fixing holes. Once each segment is fixed, it can only maintain one state. The entire support is either completely rigidly fixed or completely loosened, and it is not possible to keep some segments fixed while allowing others to move as needed. In this embodiment, by disassembling and replacing bridging buckles with different mechanical properties, it is possible to flexibly switch between rigid fixation and controlled movement. Moreover, each replacement has a clear mechanical parameter corresponding to it, making the adjustment of the fixing strength operable and repeatable.

[0063] Example 4: Pressure Distribution Comparison Test To verify the technical effectiveness of the annular pressure-reducing structure 14 of this application, the following comparative tests were conducted.

[0064] Sample A (Control): The housing 1 has a visible opening 11, and there is no pressure-dividing structure mounting groove 13 at the edge of the opening (i.e., the inner surface of the housing 1 is a flat surface). The pressure-dividing pad 12 is directly cut at the opening to be flush with the edge of the opening, and the transition between the housing 1 and the pad at the edge of the opening is a right-angle cross section. This structure simulates the window-type fixing device commonly used in the prior art.

[0065] Sample B (this application): The shell 1 has a visible opening 11, and the edge of the opening has a dovetail-shaped pressure-dividing structure mounting groove 13, in which an annular pressure-dividing structure 14 is embedded. The annular pressure-dividing structure 14 has a Shore hardness of A10, the pressure-dividing pad 12 has a Shore hardness of A40, and the cross-sectional thickness of the annular pressure-dividing structure 14 gradually decreases from 4 mm to 1 mm from the outside to the inside. Except for the area of ​​the annular pressure-dividing structure 14, the thickness of the shell 1, the thickness of the pressure-dividing pad 12, and the material of Sample B are the same as those of Sample A.

[0066] It should be noted that sample A was not simply obtained by removing the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 from sample B, but rather was an independently fabricated complete control sample. The inner surface of its shell 1 is a continuous flat surface, and the pressure-distributing pad layer 12 has a right-angle cross-section at the opening edge. This eliminates the interference of the mounting groove itself on the pressure distribution.

[0067] Samples A and B were respectively attached to simulated arm models of the same diameter. Thin-film pressure sensors (with a spacing of 0.5 cm between measuring points) were arranged at the edge of the opening along a direction perpendicular to the edge of the opening to measure the interfacial pressure at different distances from the edge of the opening. Each measuring point was measured three times and the average value was taken.

[0068] Test results: Sample A (without annular pressure distribution structure):

[0069] Sample B (with annular pressure distribution structure):

[0070] Results analysis: Sample A experiences an interfacial pressure of 6.8 kPa at the opening edge, significantly higher than the stable pressure of 4.0 kPa further away from the opening, forming a distinct pressure peak. From 0 to 0.5 cm, the pressure drops sharply from 6.8 kPa to 4.2 kPa because the right-angled cross-section of the shell 1 and the padding layer at the opening edge interrupts and concentrates the circumferential force. The edge of the rigid shell 1 forms line contact pressure on the simulated skin, leading to a sharp increase in local pressure. At 1.0 cm, the padding layer is subjected to pushing and stretching effects from the edge of the shell 1, forming a secondary compression zone and generating a secondary pressure peak of 5.6 kPa. Subsequently, with increasing distance, this local compression effect gradually weakens, and the pressure gradually drops from 5.6 kPa to a stable 4.0 kPa.

[0071] The interfacial pressure at the opening edge of sample B is 1.2 kPa, much lower than the 6.8 kPa of sample A. From 0 to 2.0 cm, the pressure smoothly increases from 1.2 kPa to 4.1 kPa, with a uniform gradient. This is because the annular pressure-distributing structure 14 contacts the simulated skin before the hard edge of the shell 1. Its low-hardness material undergoes elastic deformation under relatively small pre-pressure, and the cross-sectional thickness gradually decreases from the outside to the inside, resulting in a smooth transition of pressure along the gradually changing thickness, thus avoiding line contact compression of the skin by the hard edge.

[0072] In the prior art CN120478020A, there is a pressure difference between the window edge and the compression plate, and the skin at the window edge experiences significantly greater pressure than other areas; in the prior art CN210408722U, the edge of the dressing port forms a hard edge due to the gap in the buffer layer, which concentrates pressure on the skin.

[0073] The test results show that this application transforms the concentrated high pressure at the opening edge into a smoothly transitioning gradual pressure field through a specific combination of low-hardness material and gradually varying cross-sectional thickness. The pressure distribution characteristics are fundamentally different from those of the control sample without a pressure distribution structure, effectively eliminating the cause of pressure sores caused by the opening of the visible opening 11.

[0074] Example 5: Modular Orthopedic Fixation System The present invention also provides a modular orthopedic fixation system, comprising multiple universal segmented units, at least one fenestrated module, and multiple replaceable bridging buckles.

[0075] Each universal segmented unit includes a housing 1 and a fixing plate 2; the housing 1 is used to encircle the affected limb, and the fixing plate 2 is detachably connected to the housing 1 to form an encircling structure around the affected limb together with the housing 1; the end of the housing 1 is provided with a uniform connecting flange 4 interface. When the window is closed, the rear wall of the housing 1 of the universal segmented unit is a complete wall surface.

[0076] The window opening module is detachably mounted on the housing 1 of any universal segmented unit, converting the unit into a window opening segment with a visible opening 11 and a cover plate 3. The window opening module includes a back plate that can be mounted on the housing 1, and the back plate has a visible opening 11 and a cover plate 3. The cover plate 3 has a window opening 32 that is smaller than the visible opening 11, and the perimeter of the window opening 32 has a ring of protruding edges extending toward the affected limb for holding dressing gauze.

[0077] Multiple replaceable bridging buckles are used to connect adjacent segment units, including rigid bridging buckles 5 that rigidly fix adjacent general segment units and elastic bridging buckles 6 that allow adjacent general segment units to generate controlled relative angular displacement. The elastic bridging buckles 6 have a preset angular displacement limit, which forms a rigid stop when the limit is reached.

[0078] Users can flexibly choose the number of universal segmented units, the location of the fenestrated modules, and the type of bridging buckles according to the length of the affected limb, the location of the fracture, and the size of the wound to create a completely personalized fixation brace. For example, a forearm fracture can use a combination of three universal units, and a lower leg fracture can use a combination of five universal units; simply install the fenestrated modules on the units corresponding to the wound location.

[0079] This modular design concept is not publicly available in existing orthopedic fixation devices. Comparative documents CN210408722U and CN213993876U are both monolithic structures, unable to be flexibly configured according to individual patient differences; while comparative document CN120478020A allows for the addition or removal of intermediate plates, its window function is limited, and the connection methods between segments cannot be changed as needed. This embodiment modularizes the segmented shell 1, the window function, and the inter-segment connections, achieving a single system that can adapt to the diverse needs of different patients, different locations, and different stages of rehabilitation.

[0080] Example 6: Experimental data on the relationship between the hardness of the elastic body of the elastic bridging fastener and the controlled angular displacement. To verify the correspondence between the Shore A hardness of the elastomer layer in the elastic bridging buckle 6 and the controlled relative angular displacement limit, the following experiment was conducted.

[0081] Experimental conditions: This experiment used elastic bridging clips 6 with an elastomer layer thickness of 2.0 mm, with medical-grade thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) as the elastomer layer material. The rigid frame structure of the elastic bridging clips 6 was identical, differing only in the Shore A hardness of the elastomer layer. Four groups of elastic bridging clips 6 with different hardnesses were prepared: low hardness group (Shore A30-A40), medium-low hardness group (Shore A40-A50), medium-high hardness group (Shore A50-A60), and high hardness group (Shore A60-A70). The experimental data were measured under the condition of an elastomer layer thickness of 2.0 mm.

[0082] Experimental method: Two adjacent segmented shells 1 are connected by the elastic bridging buckle 6 under test. The proximal segment shell 1 is fixed to the experimental frame to keep it horizontal and immovable. In this embodiment, a rigid loading rod with a length of 0.2m is fixed at the end of the distal segment shell 1 in a direction perpendicular to the shell axis, and a weight hook is provided at the end of the loading rod.

[0083] First, place a 0.5N weight on the hook, applying a bending moment of 0.5N × 0.2m = 0.1N·m. Hold for 10 seconds until the elastic layer deforms and stabilizes, then measure and record the relative angular displacement under this bending moment. Subsequently, gradually increase the weight by 0.5N each time (i.e., increase the bending moment by 0.1N·m each time), holding for 10 seconds after each loading before taking the reading. Continue loading until the elastic layer is completely compressed and the rigid part of the elastic bridging buckle 6 directly contacts the connecting flange 4 to form a rigid stop. The relative angular displacement at this point is defined as the controlled relative angular displacement limit. The angular displacement is measured by selecting a measurement point on the distal section of the housing 1 and using an angle gauge or tilt sensor to read the deflection angle of that point relative to its initial position.

[0084] The tests in this embodiment were conducted at room temperature (23±2℃). Each hardness specification was tested three times, and the average value was taken.

[0085] It should be noted that, since the length of the elastic bridging buckle 6 is fixed and the near-end section of the shell 1 is in a fixed state during the experiment, after applying a bending moment, the local bending angle of the near-end portion of the elastic bridging buckle 6 is greater than that of the far-end portion. Therefore, the controlled relative angular displacement limit measured in this experiment corresponds to the maximum bending angle of the near end of the elastic bridging buckle 6.

[0086]

[0087] Experimental data show that as the Shore A hardness of the elastomer layer increases from A30-A40 to A60-A70, the controlled relative angular displacement limit decreases from approximately 18° to approximately 4°, exhibiting a clear monotonic decreasing trend. The lower the hardness of the elastomer layer, the easier it is to undergo elastic deformation under the same external force, thus allowing for a larger range of angular displacement; conversely, the higher the hardness, the stronger the elastomer layer's resistance to deformation, and the smaller the angular displacement limit. The angular displacement limits of the four sets of specifications mentioned above cover the clinical needs ranging from early micromotion (approximately 3°-5°) to later, more significant movements (approximately 15°-20°).

[0088] Furthermore, the thickness of the elastomer layer also affects the angular displacement limit: under the same hardness conditions, the greater the elastomer layer thickness, the smaller the angular displacement limit; the smaller the thickness, the greater the angular displacement limit. The experimental data in this study were obtained under a thickness of 2.0 mm. When using a thickness of 1.5 mm or 3.0 mm, the angular displacement limit of each hardness group will increase or decrease by approximately ±2°, but the overall trend between hardness and angular displacement limit remains unchanged.

[0089] Therefore, doctors can select the appropriate hardness of the elastic bridging buckle 6 according to the different stages of fracture healing in patients, so as to achieve precise and controlled adjustment of the range of motion.

[0090] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device comprising a shell (1), a fixation plate (2), and a cover plate (3), characterized in that: The shell (1) is used to wrap around the affected limb and has a visible opening (11) on it. The fixing plate (2) is detachably connected to the housing (1) to form a circumferential structure around the affected limb together with the housing (1); The cover plate (3) can be opened and closed to cover the visible opening (11), and the opening and closing of the cover plate (3) is independent of the circumferential structure between the fixing plate (2) and the shell (1); The cover plate (3) is provided with a protruding structure (31) extending toward the affected limb, which is used to hold the dressing at the skin of the affected limb corresponding to the visible opening (11). The edge of the visible opening (11) is provided with an annular pressure-dividing structure (14). When the cover plate (3) is in the closed state, the protruding structure (31) holds the dressing, while the annular pressure-distributing structure (14) is in an elastic deformation state, which disperses the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening (11) to the surrounding tissue. One closing action simultaneously completes the two functions of dressing maintenance and edge pressure distribution.

2. The independent segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surface of the housing (1) is provided with a pressure-distributing pad layer (12); the edge of the visible opening (11) is recessed inward to form a ring of pressure-distributing structure mounting groove (13); the annular pressure-distributing structure (14) is located on the pressure-distributing pad layer (12) corresponding to the visible opening (11), its bottom is embedded in the pressure-distributing structure mounting groove (13), and its main body is raised inward; the protruding structure (31) and the annular pressure-distributing structure (14) are spatially corresponding and matched: the protruding structure (31) is projected onto the central area of ​​the visible opening (11), and the annular pressure-distributing structure (14) surrounds the outer periphery of the projected area; the hardness of the annular pressure-distributing structure (14) is lower than that of the rest of the pressure-distributing pad layer (12), and the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening (11) is gradient-dispersed to the surrounding tissue.

3. The independent segmentation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Shore hardness of the annular pressure-dividing structure (14) is A5 to A20, and the Shore hardness of the remaining portion of the pressure-dividing pad (12) is A30 to A50.

4. The independent segmentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shell (1) is an elastic C-shaped structure with a first inner diameter and a first covering arc in its natural state. The shell (1) can be radially compressed under external force, causing its two free ends to come together and elastically deform to a second inner diameter and a second covering arc. When the shell (1) is compressed to the second inner diameter, the fixing plate (2) is fastened between the two free ends of the shell (1) to constrain the elastic rebound of the shell (1) and keep the shell (1) stably maintained at the second inner diameter and the second covering arc. The second inner diameter is smaller than the first inner diameter, and the second covering arc is larger than the first covering arc, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tightness of the hug.

5. The independent segmentation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The housing (1) has at least one outwardly extending fastening flange (15) on each of its two free ends; the fixing plate (2) has corresponding fastening grooves (21) on both sides; when the housing (1) is squeezed to the second inner diameter, the fastening flange (15) is inserted into the fastening groove (21), and under the action of the elastic rebound force of the housing (1), the fastening flange (15) and the fastening groove (21) are tightly fastened together to achieve self-locking.

6. A segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device, characterized in that, It includes at least two independent segments arranged along the axis of the affected limb, each independent segment comprising: The shell (1) is used to wrap around the affected limb, and a visible opening (11) is provided on it. The fixing plate (2) is detachably connected to the housing (1) to form a circumferential structure around the affected limb together with the housing (1); The cover plate (3) can be opened and closed to cover the visible opening (11), and its opening and closing is independent of the circumferential structure between the fixing plate (2) and the shell (1). The cover plate (3) is provided with a protruding structure (31) extending toward the affected limb, which is used to keep the dressing at the skin of the affected limb corresponding to the visible opening (11). An annular pressure-distributing structure (14) is provided at the edge of the visible opening (11). When the cover plate (3) is in a closed state, the annular pressure-distributing structure (14) is in an elastic deformation state, which disperses the concentrated pressure at the edge of the visible opening (11) to the surrounding tissue in a gradient. The adjacent segments of the shell (1) are detachably connected by an inter-segment connection structure.

7. The appliance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inter-segment connection structure includes a connecting flange (4) located at the end of each segment housing (1), and at least one bridging buckle that is detachably snapped onto the connecting flanges (4) of adjacent segments.

8. The appliance according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bridging buckle includes a rigid bridging buckle (5) and an elastic bridging buckle (6); the rigid bridging buckle (5) rigidly fixes two adjacent segments; the elastic bridging buckle (6) allows a damped, controlled relative angular displacement between two adjacent segments and has a preset angular displacement limit, which forms a rigid stop when the limit is reached.

9. A method of using a segmented orthopedic limb fixation and care device, the device comprising at least two independent segments arranged along the axial direction of the affected limb, the housings (1) of adjacent segments being connected by replaceable bridging buckles, the bridging buckles comprising rigid bridging buckles (5) for rigidly fixing adjacent segments and elastic bridging buckles (6) for allowing controlled relative angular displacement of adjacent segments, characterized in that, The method of use includes the following steps: Dressing change procedure: Cover the cover plate (3) over the visible opening (11) so that the protruding structure (31) passes through the visible opening (11) to keep the dressing on the skin surface of the affected limb. At the same time, the annular pressure distribution structure (14) undergoes elastic deformation at the edge of the visible opening (11) to distribute the concentrated pressure to the surrounding tissue in a gradient. Initial fixing steps: Install the rigid bridging buckle (5) on the connecting flange (4) of all adjacent segments to make each segment rigidly fixed; Transition adjustment steps: Remove the rigid bridging buckle (5) between the selected adjacent segments from the connecting flange (4) and replace it with an elastic bridging buckle (6) with a first elastic modulus, so that the adjacent segments switch to a state with a first controlled range of motion; Activity adjustment steps: Remove the elastic bridging buckle (6) with the first elastic modulus from the connecting flange (4) and replace it with an elastic bridging buckle (6) with the second elastic modulus, the second elastic modulus being less than the first elastic modulus, so that the adjacent segments switch to a state with a second controlled range of motion, the second controlled range of motion being greater than the first controlled range of motion.

10. A modular orthopedic fixation system, characterized in that: Includes multiple universal segmentation units and multiple replaceable bridging clips; Each general segment unit includes a housing (1) and a fixing plate (2); the housing (1) is used to wrap around the affected limb, and the fixing plate (2) is detachably connected to the housing (1) to form a wrap around the affected limb together with the housing (1); the end of the housing (1) is provided with a uniform connection interface; The bridging buckle is used to connect adjacent general segment units, and the bridging buckle includes a rigid bridging buckle (5) that rigidly fixes the adjacent general segment units and an elastic bridging buckle (6) that allows the adjacent general segment units to generate controlled relative angular displacement. The elastic bridging buckle (6) has a preset angular displacement limit, and forms a rigid stop when the limit is reached. It also includes at least one window module, which is detachably mounted on the housing (1) of any general segment unit to convert the unit into a window segment with a visible opening (11) and a cover plate (3).

11. The modular orthopedic fixation system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The window opening module includes a back plate that can be installed on the housing (1). The back plate is provided with the visible opening (11) and the cover plate (3). The cover plate (3) is provided with a window opening (32) smaller than the visible opening (11). The window opening (32) has a ring of protruding edges extending around it toward the affected limb for holding the dressing gauze.

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