A moisture-convection coupled heat dissipation chemical protective clothing and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wetness-conducting convection coupling heat dissipation chemical protective clothing and preparation method thereof, the chemical protective clothing includes outer layer protection layer, intermediate composite layer and inner layer wetness-conducting layer sequentially arranged from outside to inside;Intermediate composite layer includes chemical barrier film and interval support layer, interval support layer includes polyolefin mesh cloth and support column extending towards inner layer wetness-conducting layer, for forming interval space between chemical barrier film and inner layer wetness-conducting layer;The side of inner layer wetness-conducting layer towards human skin is provided with raised platform, recessed liquid collection area and groove unit, groove unit includes radially distributed groove branch, and adjacent recessed liquid collection area in groove unit is interconnected, and the bottom wall and side wall lower half of groove branch are provided with coating;The application can realize the synergistic improvement of sweat collection, directional conduction and intermediate layer convection heat dissipation while maintaining the continuity of chemical barrier film, to relieve the wet heat accumulation under clothes in the process of wearing chemical protective clothing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of protective clothing technology, specifically to a chemical protective suit with moisture-wicking and convection coupling heat dissipation and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical protective clothing is essential personal protective equipment used to isolate toxic and hazardous chemicals, corrosive liquids, industrial toxins, and biochemical pollutants. It is widely used in fire rescue, chemical production, hazardous materials handling, military chemical defense, emergency rescue, and public health incident response. Based on different protective mechanisms, existing chemical protective clothing can generally be divided into isolation chemical protective clothing and breathable chemical protective clothing. Isolation chemical protective clothing typically uses rubber, polymer-coated fabrics, or multi-layer barrier membrane materials to form a continuous barrier structure, providing a high level of chemical barrier performance. Breathable chemical protective clothing, on the other hand, usually relies on porous membranes, adsorption layers, or selectively permeable materials to balance protection and moisture permeability to a certain extent.

[0003] In high-risk chemical work scenarios, to prevent toxic and hazardous chemicals from entering the clothing through materials, seams, or openings, protective suits typically need to maintain the continuity and airtightness of their material layers. This is especially true for Class A or Class B chemical protective suits, whose outer materials and barrier membranes often have high chemical penetration resistance, but also significantly restrict the release of metabolic heat and perspiration. During prolonged work or moderate to high-intensity activities, the heat and perspiration continuously generated by the wearer cannot dissipate in time, easily creating a high-temperature, high-humidity environment under the clothing. This leads to increased stuffiness, sweat accumulation, and a sticky, damp skin surface, further causing heat stress, increased fatigue, decreased work efficiency, and even increased safety risks.

[0004] In existing technologies, to improve the comfort of protective clothing, some solutions have attempted to incorporate moisture-wicking materials into the inner layer of the garment, or promote moisture loss through localized ventilation structures, breathable membrane materials, and multi-layered composite fabrics. For example, some protective suits incorporate a hydrophilic fiber layer or moisture-wicking lining in the inner layer to absorb sweat and reduce the sticky feeling on the skin surface; some solutions improve air exchange capacity under the garment by opening ventilation openings or setting up filtered and breathable areas; and some solutions use microporous membrane materials such as ePTFE membranes to improve water vapor permeability while maintaining a certain barrier performance.

[0005] However, the above solution still has the following shortcomings: Firstly, existing inner layer moisture-wicking structures primarily rely on sweat absorption and temporary storage. Once sweat is absorbed into the material, it tends to accumulate within the inner layer if there is a lack of continuous, directional moisture-wicking pathways, failing to be promptly transferred to locations more conducive to evaporation and dissipation. Under prolonged wear or heavy sweating conditions, the inner layer material may gradually become saturated, leading to a decrease in moisture-wicking capacity and even a reverse damp, sticky feeling.

[0006] Secondly, the air layer or space under the clothing used for heat dissipation in existing protective clothing mostly relies on the natural looseness of the garment. When the body bends, squats, carries equipment, or is subjected to localized pressure, this space is easily compressed or disappears, leading to instability in the channels for moisture diffusion and air exchange. If the inner layer material adheres to the barrier membrane or outer layer material, even if sweat and moisture are absorbed from the skin side, it is difficult for them to evaporate and be expelled further, resulting in limited heat dissipation efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, existing moisture-wicking and heat-dissipating structures are often independent of each other. For example, the inner moisture-absorbing material mainly addresses the problem of sweat absorption, while the vents or breathable membrane mainly address the problem of moisture expulsion, lacking a structurally coupled design. After sweat enters the inner material from the skin surface, it cannot stably and quickly enter the area adjacent to the airflow zone, resulting in a lack of continuous coordination between the moisture-wicking process and the convection heat dissipation process.

[0008] Furthermore, some solutions that improve heat dissipation by increasing openings or ventilation areas may adversely affect the overall airtightness and protective reliability of chemical protective clothing. For protective clothing that needs to maintain a high level of chemical barrier properties, simply relying on large-area ventilation or through-hole openings is not suitable for all applications. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of sweat transfer and moisture dissipation under the clothing without compromising the continuity of the chemical barrier membrane is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of chemical protective clothing.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new chemical protective clothing structure that, while maintaining chemical barrier properties, enables rapid collection and directional conduction of sweat through an inner moisture-wicking structure, and promotes moisture diffusion and convection heat dissipation through a stable intermediate space, thereby improving the hot and humid environment under the clothing during prolonged wear. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the problems of moisture and heat accumulation, sweat retention, stuffiness, and air gap failure that often occur with existing chemical protective suits during prolonged wear, this invention provides a moisture-wicking-convection coupling heat dissipation chemical protective suit and its manufacturing method. This chemical protective suit utilizes a three-dimensional concave-convex structure in its inner moisture-wicking layer and a spacer support layer between the chemical barrier membrane and the inner moisture-wicking layer. This allows sweat to transfer from the skin-contact side to the side away from the skin, while simultaneously creating an air gap between the chemical barrier membrane and the inner moisture-wicking layer, thereby improving the moisture and heat environment under the chemical protective suit during wear.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: On one hand, the present invention provides a chemical protective suit with moisture-wicking and convection coupling heat dissipation, comprising an outer protective layer, a middle composite layer, and an inner moisture-wicking layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. Here, "from the outside to the inside" refers to the direction from the side furthest from the skin to the side closest to the skin when worn; "inner surface" refers to the surface facing the skin.

[0012] The outer protective layer constitutes the outer base protective layer of the chemical protective clothing. The outer protective layer can be made of fiber sheet with abrasion-resistant, tear-resistant, or flame-retardant properties. Specifically, the outer protective layer can be aramid 1414 woven fabric, polyester woven fabric, flame-retardant nylon woven fabric, flash-spun nonwoven fabric, or spunbond nonwoven fabric. Further, the outer protective layer can be treated with oil-repellent and water-repellent finishing and / or flame-retardant finishing. In one specific embodiment, the outer protective layer is aramid 1414 woven fabric with an areal density of approximately 200 g / m²; in another specific embodiment, the outer protective layer is flame-retardant polyester fabric with an areal density of approximately 160 g / m².

[0013] The intermediate composite layer includes a chemical barrier membrane and a spacer support layer disposed between the chemical barrier membrane and the inner moisture-wicking layer. The chemical barrier membrane forms a continuous chemical barrier structure. The chemical barrier membrane can be an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane, i.e., an ePTFE microporous membrane. In a preferred embodiment, the ePTFE microporous membrane has a thickness of 15~25μm, an average pore size of 0.2~0.3μm, and a porosity ≥80%. The ePTFE microporous membrane can also be treated with an oil-repellent finish to give it a low surface energy, thereby reducing the risk of low surface tension liquids wetting the membrane layer. In a preferred embodiment, the surface energy of the ePTFE microporous membrane after the oil-repellent finish is ≤20mN / m.

[0014] The spacer support layer is disposed between the chemical barrier membrane and the inner moisture-wicking layer. The spacer support layer includes a polyolefin mesh fabric and two or more support pillars disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric. The polyolefin mesh fabric is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane, and the support pillars extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric toward the inner moisture-wicking layer, thereby forming a spacer between the chemical barrier membrane and the inner moisture-wicking layer.

[0015] The polyolefin mesh fabric can be polypropylene mesh fabric or polyethylene mesh fabric, or other polyolefin mesh sheet materials capable of supporting columns and suitable for garment lamination. In one embodiment, the polyolefin mesh fabric has a thickness of 0.1~0.2mm and a mesh size of 2~3mm.

[0016] The support columns can be integrally molded with the polyolefin mesh fabric to form a column array membrane. The support columns can be silicone rubber columns or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer columns. The cross-section of the support column can be circular, triangular, rhomboid, or polygonal. The maximum external dimension of the cross-section of the support column is 0.4~0.8mm, where the maximum external dimension refers to the maximum distance between any two points on the cross-sectional outline of the support column; when the cross-section of the support column is circular, the maximum external dimension is the diameter of the circular cross-section. The height of the support columns is 1~3.5mm, and the spacing between the support columns is 6~10mm. The support columns can be arranged in a hexagonal honeycomb pattern. Further, the density of the support columns can be 1.5~2.5 columns / cm². The specific height, spacing, arrangement density, and spacing ratio of the support columns can be specifically determined in the embodiments according to the thickness, softness, and wearing requirements of the protective clothing.

[0017] The inner moisture-wicking layer is disposed on the side closest to human skin. The inner moisture-wicking layer can be a fiber substrate containing polyolefin fibers and polyester fibers and modified with hydrophilicity. The fiber substrate can be a woven fabric, knitted fabric, or nonwoven material. The polyolefin fiber can be polypropylene fiber, and the polyester fiber can be polyester fiber. In one specific embodiment, the inner moisture-wicking layer is a hydrophilic modified polypropylene / polyester blended knitted fabric, and the blending ratio of polypropylene to polyester can be 50:50. Further, the areal density of the inner moisture-wicking layer can be 120~160 g / m², and the thickness can be 0.6~1.0 mm. The hydrophilic modification can be achieved using hydrophilic finishing, hydrophilic modified fiber blending, or hydrophilic auxiliary agent treatment methods commonly used in the field of fiber materials, as long as the fiber substrate is suitable for sweat reception and conduction.

[0018] The inner moisture-wicking layer has a three-dimensional uneven structure on the side facing the human skin. The three-dimensional uneven structure includes two or more raised platforms, two or more recessed liquid collection areas, and groove units disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas. The raised platforms are structures that protrude towards the human skin relative to the recessed liquid collection areas; the recessed liquid collection areas are structures that sink away from the human skin relative to the top of the raised platforms.

[0019] The recessed collection areas are located between adjacent raised platforms. Each recessed collection area has a groove unit at its bottom. The groove units in adjacent recessed collection areas are interconnected at the edges of the recessed collection areas, thereby forming a continuous groove connection structure on the surface of the inner moisture-wicking layer.

[0020] In one embodiment, the raised platform is a hexagonal raised platform, a square raised platform, or a rhombus raised platform; the recessed liquid collection area is a hexagonal recessed area, a square recessed area, or a rhombus recessed area. The shape of the raised platform corresponds to the shape of the recessed liquid collection area. "Corresponding shape" means that when the raised platforms are arranged in an array using one of the shapes of hexagons, squares, or rhombuses, recessed liquid collection areas are formed between adjacent raised platforms that are adapted to the array pattern.

[0021] The height difference between the top of the raised platform and the bottom of the recessed collection area is 60-120 μm. The total area of ​​the top of the raised platform accounts for 30-50% of the surface area of ​​the inner moisture-wicking layer facing the human skin. The inscribed circle diameter of the recessed collection area is 346-520 μm. The inscribed circle diameter refers to the diameter of the circle that is tangent to the boundary of the recessed collection area within its planar contour; for recessed collection areas with rounded corners, chamfers, or machined arcs, it can be determined according to the nominal inscribed circle diameter corresponding to the design contour. In one specific embodiment, when the recessed collection area is a regular hexagonal recessed area, the side length of the regular hexagonal recessed area can be 200-300 μm, and the depth can be 60-120 μm; its bottom surface can be a flat bottom surface or a slightly arc-shaped bottom surface.

[0022] Each trench unit includes 3 to 6 trench branches. The trench branches are radially distributed from the bottom center of the recessed liquid collection area to the edge of the recessed liquid collection area. The phrase "each trench unit includes 3 to 6 trench branches" means that each recessed liquid collection area has 3 to 6 trench branches extending from the bottom center to the edge of the recessed liquid collection area; when two trench branches are located on the same straight line and extend from the bottom center to opposite sides, the two trench branches are counted separately.

[0023] In one embodiment, when the recessed collection area is hexagonal, the trench unit may include six trench branches extending from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area towards the edge of the hexagonal recess. In another embodiment, when the recessed collection area is square, the trench unit may include four trench branches extending from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area towards the four edges of the square recess. In yet another embodiment, when the recessed collection area is rhomboid, the trench unit may include four trench branches extending from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area towards the edge of the rhomboid recess.

[0024] The width of the trench branch is 80~150μm, and the depth of the trench branch from the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area downward is 30~60μm. The cross-section of the trench branch can be U-shaped. The trench branches in adjacent recessed liquid collection areas can be connected at the root of the raised platform or at the edge of the recessed liquid collection area, so that the trench units in multiple recessed liquid collection areas together form a continuous trench network.

[0025] The bottom wall and lower half of the sidewalls of the trench branch are coated. The coating can be a hydrophilic coating or a superhydrophilic coating. In a preferred embodiment, the coating is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating or a carboxylated carbon nanotube coating. When the coating is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating, the mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to chitosan can be 3:1. When the coating is a carboxylated carbon nanotube coating, it can be formed using a 0.5~1.0 wt% carboxylated carbon nanotube dispersion. Further, the coating thickness can be 1~3 μm, and the water contact angle can be ≤10°.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the coating is applied only to the bottom wall and lower half of the sidewalls of the trench branch; the surface of the raised platform and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area, excluding the trench branch, are not coated. This selective coating method allows the trench branch and non-trench areas to have different surface wetting characteristics. This selective coating can be achieved through mask spraying, gravure printing, micro-dispensing, selective wetting, or other processes capable of localized coating.

[0027] In one embodiment, the chemical protective suit may not have auxiliary ventilation openings to form a basic chemical protective suit. In another embodiment, the chemical protective suit may have openable and closable auxiliary ventilation openings, which may be located under the armpits, on both sides of the back, or in other locations that do not affect the main chemical barrier structure. The openable and closable auxiliary ventilation openings may be zipper-type openings, and the inner side of the openings may be covered with an ePTFE microporous membrane. Further, the opening length of the openable and closable auxiliary ventilation openings may be 15-25 cm, and the width may be 2-4 cm. In one specific embodiment, the underarm ventilation opening is 20 cm long and 3 cm wide. In another specific embodiment, two openable and closable ventilation openings may be provided on the back, each with an area of ​​35 cm². The auxiliary ventilation openings are optional structures and are not a necessary component of the basic structure of this invention.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned moisture-wicking-convection coupled heat dissipation chemical protective clothing, comprising the following steps: A hot-pressing process is performed on the inner substrate to form raised platforms, recessed liquid collection areas, and groove units on the surface of the inner substrate, resulting in an inner moisture-wicking layer. Each recessed liquid collection area has a groove unit at its bottom, and each groove unit includes 3-6 groove branches. Specifically, a metal mold with a bump array and groove branch ridges can be used for the hot-pressing process. The bump array of the metal mold forms the recessed liquid collection areas on the surface of the inner substrate, and the groove branch ridges form groove branches at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas. The temperature of the metal mold can be 150-170°C, the hot-pressing pressure can be 0.5-1.0 MPa, and the hot-pressing time can be 3-5 seconds. After hot-pressing, the material is cooled and set, allowing the three-dimensional concave-convex structure to remain on the surface of the inner substrate.

[0029] The coating is formed only on the lower half of the bottom and sidewalls of the trench branch. The coating can be formed by mask spraying, gravure printing, or other localized coating processes. After coating, a drying process can be performed; in one specific embodiment, the drying temperature can be 80°C.

[0030] Two or more support columns are formed on a polyolefin mesh fabric to obtain a spaced support layer. The support columns can be formed by injection molding or compression molding. The molding material can be silicone rubber or thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. After molding, the support columns are fixed to the polyolefin mesh fabric to form a column array film.

[0031] A composite material is obtained by sequentially stacking and bonding an outer protective layer, a chemical barrier film, a spacer support layer, and an inner moisture-wicking layer. The polyolefin mesh fabric is arranged adjacent to the chemical barrier film, and the support pillars face the inner moisture-wicking layer. The bonding process can be achieved through hot-melt adhesive hot-press bonding or ultrasonic spot welding, or other interlayer bonding methods commonly used in the art that do not disrupt the continuity of the chemical barrier film. In one embodiment, a mesh-like TPU hot-melt adhesive film can be placed between adjacent layers for hot-press bonding. The melting point of the TPU hot-melt adhesive film can be 110°C, the adhesive dot diameter can be 0.5 mm, and the dot spacing can be 6-8 mm. The hot-melt adhesive hot-press bonding pressure is 0.2-0.5 MPa. Further, the hot-press bonding temperature can be 130°C, and the hot-pressing time can be 15 seconds.

[0032] The chemical protective suit is obtained by cutting, sewing, and sealing the seams of the composite material. The seams can be sealed with heat-sealing strips. If an openable auxiliary ventilation port is provided, it can be installed during the garment-making process, and an ePTFE microporous membrane can be placed inside the openable auxiliary ventilation port.

[0033] The aforementioned structural and process parameters can be appropriately combined based on the protection level of the chemical protective clothing, its thickness, softness, wearing scenario, and processing equipment. Except for the essential technical features explicitly defined in the claims, specific performance data such as the areal density of the outer protective layer, the specific thickness and pore size of the chemical barrier film, the coating thickness, the density of support pillars, the channel opening ratio, the vent size, the hot melt adhesive film dot parameters, and the temperature and humidity under the clothing can be described as preferred embodiments or specific examples.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention features a raised platform, a recessed liquid collection area, and groove units on the side of the inner moisture-wicking layer facing the human skin, forming a three-dimensional concave-convex structure. The raised platform and the recessed liquid collection area work together to reduce the large area of ​​adhesion between the inner moisture-wicking layer and the skin, and provide structural space for sweat to enter the recessed liquid collection area, thus helping to alleviate sweat retention on the skin surface.

[0035] This invention provides a groove unit at the bottom of each recessed collection area. Each groove unit includes 3-6 groove branches radially distributed from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area towards the edge, and the groove units in adjacent recessed collection areas are interconnected. This allows sweat to enter the groove branches through the recessed collection area and transfer along the interconnected groove units, reducing sweat accumulation in localized areas.

[0036] This invention applies a coating only to the bottom and lower half of the sidewalls of the grooved channels, while the surface of the raised platform and the bottom surface of the recessed collection area, excluding the grooved channels, are not coated. This selective coating makes the grooved channels the preferred moisture-wicking areas, facilitating the formation of clearer sweat collection and transport paths.

[0037] This invention provides a spacer support layer between the chemical barrier film and the inner moisture-wicking layer. The spacer support layer includes a polyolefin mesh fabric and support pillars. The support pillars extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric toward the inner moisture-wicking layer, maintaining a space between the chemical barrier film and the inner moisture-wicking layer, reducing the possibility of the two layers completely adhering when worn, bent, or subjected to pressure.

[0038] This invention utilizes the three-dimensional concave-convex structure of the inner moisture-wicking layer and the spacer support layer of the middle composite layer to allow sweat to enter the concave collection area from the side in contact with the skin, and then transfer to the side away from the human skin through the groove unit, and improve the humid and hot environment under the clothing in conjunction with the middle spacer space.

[0039] The moisture-wicking and heat-dissipating structure of the present invention is disposed on the inner side or adjacent area of ​​the chemical barrier film, eliminating the need for through holes in the chemical barrier film, which is beneficial for improving wearing comfort while maintaining the continuity of the chemical barrier film.

[0040] The outer protective layer, chemical barrier film, inner moisture-wicking layer, and spacer support layer of this invention can all be made of materials suitable for composite processing of garment sheets. Furthermore, the inner three-dimensional concave-convex structure, groove coating, and support columns can all be prepared by processes such as hot stamping, local coating, injection molding, or compression molding. The process path is clear and has good feasibility.

[0041] The present invention can also be configured to provide openable and closable auxiliary ventilation openings depending on the usage environment, so as to meet the usage needs under different levels of chemical threat, ambient temperature and work intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some schematic diagrams of certain embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the protective suit structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a regular hexagonal raised platform and a regular hexagonal recessed liquid collection area; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a square raised platform and a square recessed liquid collection area; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rhomboid raised platform and the rhomboid recessed liquid collection area; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a groove unit in a regular hexagonal recessed liquid collection area; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a groove unit in a square recessed liquid collection area; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a groove unit in a rhomboid concave liquid collection area; Figure 8 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the raised platform and the recessed liquid collection area; Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating the sweat transport path of the protective suit of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a top view of the spacer support layer. Figure 11 This is a side view of the spacer support layer. Figure 12 A diagram showing the dynamic compression and rebound state of the spacer support layer; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary ventilation opening located at the back; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary ventilation opening located under the armpit.

[0044] In the diagram, 1 is the outer protective layer; 2 is the intermediate composite layer; 21 is the chemical barrier membrane; 22 is the spacer support layer; 221 is the polyolefin mesh fabric; 222 is the support column; 3 is the inner moisture-wicking layer; 31 is the raised platform; 32 is the recessed liquid collection area; 33 is the trench unit; 331 is the trench branch; 34 is the coating; and 4 is the auxiliary ventilation opening. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] In this instruction manual, "outer to inner" refers to the direction from the side furthest from the human skin to the side closest to the human skin when the chemical protective clothing is worn; "inner surface" refers to the surface facing the human skin.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the chemical protective clothing of the present invention includes an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0048] The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support pillars 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support pillars 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, thereby forming a space between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0049] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 has a three-dimensional uneven structure on the side facing the human skin. This three-dimensional uneven structure includes two or more raised platforms 31, two or more recessed liquid collection areas 32, and groove units 33 disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas 32. Figure 2 The hexagonal raised platform 31 and the hexagonal recessed liquid collection area 32 are shown. Figure 3 The square raised platform 31 and the square recessed liquid collection area 32 are shown; Figure 4 The diagram shows a rhomboid raised platform 31 and a rhomboid recessed liquid collection area 32. The recessed liquid collection area 32 is located between adjacent raised platforms 31.

[0050] like Figures 5-7As shown, each recessed collection area 32 has a groove unit 33 at its bottom. Each groove unit 33 includes 3 to 6 groove branches 331, which are radially distributed from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 to the edge of the recessed collection area 32. The groove units 33 in adjacent recessed collection areas 32 are interconnected at the edge of the recessed collection area 32.

[0051] Figure 5 The groove unit 33 in the regular hexagonal recessed liquid collection area 32 is shown. The groove unit 33 includes 6 groove branches 331. Figure 6 The groove unit 33 in the square recessed liquid collection area 32 is shown. The groove unit 33 includes four groove branches 331. Figure 7 The groove unit 33 in the rhomboid recessed liquid collection area 32 is shown. The groove unit 33 includes four groove branches 331.

[0052] The present invention refers to each groove unit 33 including 3 to 6 groove branches 331, which means that each recessed liquid collection area 32 is provided with 3 to 6 groove branches 331 extending from the bottom center to the edge of the recessed liquid collection area 32; when two groove branches 331 are located on the same straight line and extend from the bottom center to the opposite side edges respectively, the two groove branches 331 are counted respectively.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331 are provided with a coating 34, while the surface of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32, except for the trench branch 331, are not provided with a coating 34. Figure 8 It can be used to illustrate the positional relationship between the trench branch 331, the coating 34, the raised platform 31 and the recessed liquid collection area 32.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, sweat on the surface of human skin can enter the area between adjacent raised platforms 31 and flow into the recessed collection area 32, and then transfer to the side away from human skin via the groove unit 33 and groove branch 331. Figure 9 This is used to illustrate the sweat transport path of the present invention.

[0055] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and support columns 222. Figure 10 The top view of the spacer support layer 22 is shown. Figure 11 The side view of the spacer support layer 22 is shown. The support columns 222 can be distributed in an array on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221.

[0056] like Figure 12As shown, during the wearer's movement, bending, or pressure, the support column 222 can bend or compress under pressure and rebound after the external force decreases, which helps to maintain the space between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. Figure 12 This is used to illustrate the dynamic compression and rebound state of the spacer support layer 22.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the chemical protective suit may also be provided with auxiliary ventilation openings 4. The auxiliary ventilation openings 4 may be located under the armpits and / or on both sides of the back, and the inside of the auxiliary ventilation openings 4 may be covered with an ePTFE microporous membrane.

[0058] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0059] Example 1 This embodiment provides a basic moisture-wicking-convection coupling heat dissipation chemical protective suit without auxiliary ventilation openings; its structure is described below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figures 10-12 .

[0060] The chemical protective suit comprises, from the outside to the inside, an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The middle composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0061] The outer protective layer 1 is made of aramid 1414 woven fabric with a surface density of 200g / m², and is treated with oil and water repellency.

[0062] The chemical barrier membrane 21 is an ePTFE microporous membrane with a thickness of 22 μm, an average pore size of 0.25 μm, and a porosity of 85%.

[0063] The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support columns 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is made of polyethylene mesh fabric with an areal density of 20 g / m². The support columns 222 are made of silicone rubber, with a circular cross-section, a maximum cross-sectional dimension of 0.6 mm, a height of 2.5 mm, and arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern with a column spacing of 8 mm. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support columns 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0064] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 is made of a fiber substrate containing polyolefin fibers and polyester fibers and modified with hydrophilicity, specifically PP / PET50 / 50 knitted fabric with an areal density of 140g / m².

[0065] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 has a three-dimensional convex-concave structure formed on the side facing the human skin through heat embossing. The three-dimensional convex-concave structure includes two or more raised platforms 31, two or more recessed liquid collection areas 32, and groove units 33 disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas 32.

[0066] In this embodiment, the raised platform 31 is a regular hexagonal raised platform, and the recessed liquid collection area 32 is a regular hexagonal recessed area. The height difference between the top of the raised platform 31 and the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area 32 is 80 μm, and the total area of ​​the top of the raised platform 31 accounts for approximately 40% of the surface area of ​​the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin. The recessed liquid collection area 32 has a side length of 250 μm and a depth of 80 μm.

[0067] Each recessed collection area 32 has a groove unit 33 at its bottom. Each groove unit 33 includes six groove branches 331, which are radially distributed from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 to its edge. The width of the groove branches 331 is 120 μm, the depth of the groove branches 331 from the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 downwards is 45 μm, and the cross-section of the groove branches 331 is U-shaped. The groove units 33 in adjacent recessed collection areas 32 are interconnected at the edges of the recessed collection areas 32.

[0068] The bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331 are provided with a coating 34. The coating 34 is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating, with a mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to chitosan of 3:1. The thickness of the coating 34 is 2μm. The surface of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32, except for the trench branch 331, are not provided with the coating 34.

[0069] The preparation method in this embodiment is as follows: S1. A metal mold with a hexagonal bump array and grooved branch ridges is used to perform hot embossing on PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric. The metal mold temperature is 160℃, the hot embossing pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot embossing time is 4 seconds. This forms raised platforms 31, recessed liquid collection areas 32, and grooved units 33 on the surface of the knitted fabric, resulting in the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0070] S2, using a mask spraying method, a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating solution is sprayed only on the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331, and dried at 80°C to form coating 34.

[0071] S3, using compression molding, silicone rubber support columns 222 are formed on polyethylene mesh fabric to obtain spacer support layer 22.

[0072] S4, the outer protective layer 1, chemical barrier film 21, spacer support layer 22 and inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked in sequence, so that the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is adjacent to the chemical barrier film 21 and the support column 222 is facing the inner moisture-wicking layer 3; the mesh-shaped TPU hot melt adhesive film is used for hot pressing composite, the hot pressing composite temperature is 130℃, the pressure is 0.4MPa and the time is 15 seconds, to obtain the composite material.

[0073] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the pattern of the one-piece protective suit, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips to obtain the chemical protective suit.

[0074] This embodiment does not include auxiliary ventilation opening 4.

[0075] Example 2 This embodiment provides a moisture-wicking-convection coupling heat dissipation chemical protective suit with underarm auxiliary ventilation openings; its main structure is described below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figures 10-12 The location and structure of auxiliary ventilation port 4 can be found in [reference]. Figure 14 .

[0076] The chemical protective suit in this embodiment includes an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0077] The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support pillars 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support pillars 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0078] In this embodiment, the outer protective layer 1 is made of aramid 1414 woven fabric with a surface density of 200g / m², and is treated with oil and water repellency.

[0079] The chemical barrier membrane 21 is an ePTFE microporous membrane with a thickness of 22 μm, an average pore size of 0.25 μm, and a porosity of 85%.

[0080] The polyolefin mesh 221 in the spacer support layer 22 is made of polyethylene mesh with a surface density of 20 g / m². The support columns 222 are made of silicone rubber, with a circular cross-section, a maximum cross-sectional dimension of 0.6 mm, a height of 2.5 mm, and arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern with a column spacing of 8 mm.

[0081] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 is made of a fiber substrate containing polyolefin fibers and polyester fibers and modified with hydrophilicity, specifically PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric with an areal density of 140 g / m². The surface of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin has a three-dimensional uneven structure, which includes two or more raised platforms 31, two or more recessed liquid collection areas 32, and groove units 33 disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas 32.

[0082] In this embodiment, the raised platform 31 is a regular hexagonal raised platform, and the recessed liquid collection area 32 is a regular hexagonal recessed area. The height difference between the top of the raised platform 31 and the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area 32 is 80 μm, and the total area of ​​the top of the raised platform 31 accounts for approximately 40% of the surface area of ​​the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin. The recessed liquid collection area 32 has a side length of 250 μm and a depth of 80 μm.

[0083] Each recessed collection area 32 has a groove unit 33 at its bottom, and each groove unit 33 includes six groove branches 331. The six groove branches 331 are radially distributed from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 to the edge of the recessed collection area 32. The width of the groove branch 331 is 120 μm, the depth of the groove branch 331 from the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 downwards is 45 μm, and the cross-section of the groove branch 331 is U-shaped. The groove units 33 in adjacent recessed collection areas 32 are interconnected at the edge of the recessed collection area 32.

[0084] The bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331 are provided with a coating 34. The coating 34 is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating, with a mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to chitosan of 3:1. The thickness of the coating 34 is 2μm. The surface of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32, except for the trench branch 331, are not provided with the coating 34.

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, an auxiliary ventilation port 4 is provided under the armpit of the chemical protective suit. The auxiliary ventilation port 4 is a zipper-type closable ventilation port, 20cm in length and 3cm in width, and the inner side of the auxiliary ventilation port 4 is covered with an ePTFE microporous membrane.

[0086] The preparation method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. A metal mold with a hexagonal bump array and grooved branch ridges is used to perform hot embossing on PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric. The metal mold temperature is 160℃, the hot embossing pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot embossing time is 4 seconds. This forms raised platforms 31, recessed liquid collection areas 32, and grooved units 33 on the surface of the knitted fabric, resulting in the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0087] S2, using a mask spraying method, a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating solution is sprayed only on the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331, and dried at 80°C to form coating 34.

[0088] S3, using compression molding, silicone rubber support columns 222 are formed on polyethylene mesh fabric to obtain spacer support layer 22.

[0089] S4, the outer protective layer 1, chemical barrier film 21, spacer support layer 22 and inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked in sequence, so that the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is adjacent to the chemical barrier film 21 and the support column 222 is facing the inner moisture-wicking layer 3; the mesh-shaped TPU hot melt adhesive film is used for hot pressing composite, the hot pressing composite temperature is 130℃, the pressure is 0.4MPa and the time is 15 seconds, to obtain the composite material.

[0090] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the pattern of the one-piece protective suit, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips; auxiliary ventilation ports 4 are installed under the armpits, and ePTFE microporous membranes are covered inside the auxiliary ventilation ports 4 to obtain a chemical protective suit with auxiliary ventilation ports under the armpits.

[0091] Example 3 This embodiment provides an enhanced heat dissipation type moisture-wicking-convection coupled heat dissipation chemical protective suit, the main structure of which is described below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figures 10-12 The location and structure of auxiliary ventilation port 4 can be found in [reference]. Figure 13 .

[0092] The chemical protective suit in this embodiment includes an outer protective layer 1, an intermediate composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0093] In this embodiment, the structure of the outer protective layer 1, the chemical barrier film 21, the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, the raised platform 31, the recessed liquid collection area 32, the groove unit 33, the groove branch 331, and the coating 34 can be the same as in embodiment 2.

[0094] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the height of the support column 222 in the spacer support layer 22 is increased, and an auxiliary ventilation port 4 is provided at the back.

[0095] Specifically, the spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support columns 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is made of polyethylene mesh fabric. The support columns 222 are made of silicone rubber cylinders with a maximum cross-sectional dimension of 0.6 mm, a height of 3.5 mm, and a column spacing of 10 mm. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support columns 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0096] In this embodiment, two openable auxiliary ventilation openings 4 are provided on the back of the chemical protective suit. The opening area of ​​each auxiliary ventilation opening 4 is 35 cm², and the inner side of the auxiliary ventilation opening 4 is covered with an ePTFE microporous membrane. If necessary, this embodiment can also retain underarm auxiliary ventilation openings 4.

[0097] The preparation method in this embodiment can be referred to that in Example 2, with the difference being: In S3, silicone rubber support columns 222 with a height of 3.5 mm and a column spacing of 10 mm are formed on polyethylene mesh fabric to obtain spacer support layer 22.

[0098] In S5, after the composite material is cut and sewn according to the template of the one-piece protective suit and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips, two openable and closable auxiliary ventilation ports 4 are installed on the back, and the inside of the auxiliary ventilation ports 4 is covered with an ePTFE microporous membrane to obtain a chemical protective suit with enhanced heat dissipation.

[0099] The remaining steps, including the hot stamping process of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, the formation of the coating 34, and the stacking and lamination of the outer protective layer 1, the chemical barrier film 21, the spacer support layer 22 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, can all be carried out with reference to Example 2.

[0100] Example 4 This embodiment provides a moisture-wicking-convection coupling heat dissipation chemical protective suit using a carboxylated carbon nanotube coating and TPU support pillars, illustrating a replacement scheme for the materials of coating 34 and support pillar 222. The main structure of this embodiment is described below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0101] The chemical protective suit in this embodiment includes an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0102] The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support pillars 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221.

[0103] In this embodiment, the outer protective layer 1 is made of polyester woven fabric. The chemical barrier membrane 21 is made of ePTFE microporous membrane. The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 is made of a knitted fabric containing polypropylene fibers and polyester fibers and modified with hydrophilicity.

[0104] In this embodiment, the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is made of polypropylene mesh fabric. The support columns 222 are made of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer and are installed on the polypropylene mesh fabric by injection molding. The support columns 222 have a circular cross-section with a maximum external dimension of 0.5 mm, a height of 2.0 mm, and a column spacing of 8 mm. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is arranged adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support columns 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0105] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 has a three-dimensional uneven structure on the side facing the human skin. The three-dimensional uneven structure includes two or more raised platforms 31, two or more recessed liquid collection areas 32, and groove units 33 disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas 32.

[0106] In this embodiment, the raised platform 31 is a regular hexagonal raised platform, and the recessed liquid collection area 32 is a regular hexagonal recessed area. The height difference between the top of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32 is 80 μm. Each recessed liquid collection area 32 has a groove unit 33 at its bottom, and each groove unit 33 includes 6 groove branches 331. The width of the groove branch 331 is 100 μm, the depth of the groove branch 331 from the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32 downwards is 40 μm, and the cross-section of the groove branch 331 is U-shaped.

[0107] The bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331 are provided with a coating 34. In this embodiment, the coating 34 is a carboxylated carbon nanotube coating, formed by a 0.8 wt% carboxylated carbon nanotube dispersion. The surface of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32, except for the trench branch 331, are not provided with the coating 34.

[0108] This embodiment does not include auxiliary ventilation opening 4.

[0109] The preparation method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Using a metal mold with a hexagonal bump array and grooved branch ridges, the hydrophilic modified polypropylene / polyester knitted fabric is subjected to hot embossing treatment to form a raised platform 31, a recessed liquid collection area 32 and a groove unit 33 on the surface of the knitted fabric, thus obtaining the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0110] S2, using gravure printing, 0.8 wt% carboxylated carbon nanotube dispersion is printed only on the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331, and dried at 80°C to form coating 34.

[0111] S3, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer support columns 222 are formed on polypropylene mesh fabric by injection molding to obtain spacer support layer 22.

[0112] S4, the outer protective layer 1, chemical barrier film 21, spacer support layer 22 and inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked in sequence, so that the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and the chemical barrier film 21 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the support column 222 is arranged facing the inner moisture-wicking layer 3; the composite material is obtained by hot-melt adhesive hot-pressing composite method.

[0113] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the protective clothing template, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips to obtain a chemical protective clothing.

[0114] Example 5 This embodiment provides a moisture-wicking and convection-coupled heat dissipation chemical protective suit with a square recessed liquid collection area, illustrating a replacement scheme for the three-dimensional concave-convex structure shape. The main structure of this embodiment is described below. Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 .

[0115] The chemical protective suit in this embodiment includes an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0116] The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support pillars 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support pillars 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0117] In this embodiment, the materials and structures of the outer protective layer 1, the chemical barrier film 21, and the spacer support layer 22 can be referred to in Embodiment 1.

[0118] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 is made of a fiber substrate containing polyolefin fibers and polyester fibers and modified with hydrophilicity. The surface of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin is formed into a three-dimensional concave-convex structure by hot embossing. The three-dimensional concave-convex structure includes two or more raised platforms 31, two or more recessed liquid collection areas 32, and groove units 33 disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas 32.

[0119] In this embodiment, the raised platform 31 is a square raised platform, and the recessed liquid collection area 32 is a square recessed area. The height difference between the top of the raised platform 31 and the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area 32 is 80 μm, and the total area of ​​the top of the raised platform 31 accounts for approximately 40% of the surface area of ​​the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin. The inscribed circle diameter of the recessed liquid collection area 32 is 400 μm, and the depth is 80 μm.

[0120] Each recessed collection area 32 has a groove unit 33 at its bottom, and each groove unit 33 includes four groove branches 331. The four groove branches 331 are radially distributed from the center of the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 towards its edge. The width of the groove branch 331 is 120 μm, the depth of the groove branch 331 from the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 downwards is 45 μm, and the cross-section of the groove branch 331 is U-shaped. The groove units 33 in adjacent recessed collection areas 32 are interconnected at the edges of the recessed collection areas 32.

[0121] The bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331 are provided with a coating 34. The coating 34 is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating, with a mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to chitosan of 3:1. The surface of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32, except for the trench branch 331, are not provided with the coating 34.

[0122] This embodiment does not include auxiliary ventilation opening 4.

[0123] The preparation method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Using a metal mold with a square bump array and groove branch ridges, the inner substrate is hot-pressed to form a square raised platform 31, a square recessed liquid collection area 32 and a groove unit 33 on the surface of the inner substrate, thus obtaining the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0124] S2, using a mask spraying method, a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating 34 is formed only on the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331.

[0125] S3, two or more support columns 222 are formed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 to obtain the spaced support layer 22.

[0126] S4, the outer protective layer 1, chemical barrier film 21, spacer support layer 22 and inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked in sequence, so that the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and the chemical barrier film 21 are arranged adjacent to each other, and the support column 222 is arranged facing the inner moisture-wicking layer 3; the composite material is obtained by hot melt adhesive hot pressing or ultrasonic spot welding.

[0127] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the protective clothing template, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips to obtain a chemical protective clothing.

[0128] In other implementation methods, the following methods may also be adopted: Figure 4 and Figure 7 The diagram shows a rhomboid raised platform 31, a rhomboid recessed liquid collection area 32, and a corresponding groove unit 33. Each groove unit 33 may include four groove branches 331, which are radially distributed from the bottom center of the rhomboid recessed liquid collection area 32 towards its edge.

[0129] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a commercially available chemical protective suit for comparison with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0130] This comparative example uses commercially available Grade A butyl rubber chemical protective clothing. This chemical protective clothing consists of an outer rubber barrier layer and an inner support fabric layer.

[0131] The chemical protective suit of this comparative example does not have the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 as described in Example 1, and does not have the raised platform 31, the recessed liquid collection area 32, the groove unit 33 and the groove branch 331; nor does it have the spacer support layer 22 as described in Example 1, and does not have the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and the support column 222.

[0132] In this comparative example, the inner surface of the protective suit is the original inner surface structure of commercially available protective suits.

[0133] This comparative example uses commercially available Grade A butyl rubber chemical protective clothing, without the preparation of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, the spacer support layer 22, or the groove coating 34.

[0134] During the test, commercially available Grade A butyl rubber chemical protective clothing was used as a control sample.

[0135] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a chemical protective suit without a three-dimensional concave-convex structure to illustrate the influence of the three-dimensional concave-convex structure of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 on the moisture-wicking and heat-dissipating performance of the protective suit.

[0136] The chemical protective suit in this comparative example includes an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0137] The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0138] The outer protective layer 1 is made of aramid 1414 woven fabric with a surface density of 200g / m², and is treated with oil and water repellency.

[0139] The chemical barrier membrane 21 is an ePTFE microporous membrane with a thickness of 22 μm, an average pore size of 0.25 μm, and a porosity of 85%.

[0140] The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh 221 and two or more support columns 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh 221. The polyolefin mesh 221 is made of polyethylene mesh with an areal density of 20 g / m². The support columns 222 are made of silicone rubber, and the cross-section of the support columns 222 is circular with a maximum cross-sectional dimension of 0.6 mm and a height of 2.5 mm. They are arranged in a regular hexagonal honeycomb pattern with a column spacing of 8 mm.

[0141] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 of this comparative example uses the same PP / PET50 / 50 knitted fabric as in Example 1, with a surface density of 140g / m². However, the surface of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin is not heat-pressed, and no raised platform 31, recessed liquid collection area 32, groove unit 33 and groove branch 331 are formed, nor is a coating 34 provided.

[0142] This comparative example does not have auxiliary ventilation openings 4.

[0143] The preparation method of this comparative example includes the following steps: S1, using PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric as the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, without heat embossing, and without forming a three-dimensional concave-convex structure.

[0144] S2, no partial coating treatment is performed on trench branch 331.

[0145] S3, using compression molding, silicone rubber support columns 222 are formed on polyethylene mesh fabric to obtain spacer support layer 22.

[0146] S4, the outer protective layer 1, chemical barrier film 21, spacer support layer 22 and inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked in sequence, so that the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is adjacent to the chemical barrier film 21 and the support column 222 is facing the inner moisture-wicking layer 3; the mesh-shaped TPU hot melt adhesive film is used for hot pressing composite, the hot pressing composite temperature is 130℃, the pressure is 0.4MPa and the time is 15 seconds, to obtain the composite material.

[0147] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the pattern of the one-piece protective suit, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips to obtain the chemical protective suit.

[0148] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a chemical protective suit without a spacer support layer to illustrate the effect of the spacer support layer 22 on the moisture-wicking and heat-dissipating performance of the protective suit.

[0149] I. Structure of Protective Clothing The chemical protective suit in this comparative example includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer protective layer 1, a chemical barrier membrane 21, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0150] The outer protective layer 1 is made of aramid 1414 woven fabric with a surface density of 200g / m², and is treated with oil and water repellency.

[0151] The chemical barrier membrane 21 is an ePTFE microporous membrane with a thickness of 22 μm, an average pore size of 0.25 μm, and a porosity of 85%.

[0152] This comparative example does not include the spacer support layer 22 as in Example 1, that is, it does not include the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and the support column 222, and there is no space formed by the support column 222 between the chemical barrier film 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0153] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 in this comparative example uses the same PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric as in Example 1, with an areal density of 140 g / m². The surface of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin is formed into a three-dimensional concave-convex structure by heat embossing. The three-dimensional concave-convex structure includes a raised platform 31, a recessed liquid collection area 32, and a groove unit 33 disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area 32.

[0154] In this comparative example, the raised platform 31 is a regular hexagonal raised platform, and the recessed liquid collection area 32 is a regular hexagonal recessed area. The height difference between the top of the raised platform 31 and the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area 32 is 80 μm. The total area of ​​the top of the raised platform 31 accounts for approximately 40% of the surface area of ​​the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 on the side facing the human skin. The recessed liquid collection area 32 has a side length of 250 μm and a depth of 80 μm.

[0155] Each recessed collection area 32 has a groove unit 33 at its bottom. Each groove unit 33 includes six groove branches 331, each 120 μm wide and 45 μm deep from the bottom of the recessed collection area 32 downwards. The cross-section of each groove branch 331 is U-shaped. The groove units 33 in adjacent recessed collection areas 32 are interconnected at the edges of the recessed collection areas 32.

[0156] The bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331 are provided with a coating 34. The coating 34 is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating, with a mass ratio of polyvinyl alcohol to chitosan of 3:1. The thickness of the coating 34 is 2μm. The surface of the raised platform 31 and the bottom surface of the recessed liquid collection area 32, except for the trench branch 331, are not provided with the coating 34.

[0157] This comparative example does not have auxiliary ventilation openings 4.

[0158] The preparation method of this comparative example includes the following steps: S1. A metal mold with a hexagonal bump array and grooved branch ridges is used to perform hot embossing on PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric. The metal mold temperature is 160℃, the hot embossing pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot embossing time is 4 seconds. This forms raised platforms 31, recessed liquid collection areas 32, and grooved units 33 on the surface of the knitted fabric, resulting in the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0159] S2, using a mask spraying method, a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating solution is sprayed only on the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331, and dried at 80°C to form coating 34.

[0160] S3, No spacer support layer 22 is prepared.

[0161] S4, the outer protective layer 1, the chemical barrier film 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked and compounded in sequence to obtain the composite material.

[0162] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the pattern of the one-piece protective suit, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips to obtain the chemical protective suit.

[0163] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a chemical protective suit without selective coating on the trench branch, to illustrate the effect of coating 34 on the moisture-wicking performance of the protective suit on the bottom and lower half of the sidewall of the trench branch 331.

[0164] The chemical protective suit in this comparative example includes an outer protective layer 1, a middle composite layer 2, and an inner moisture-wicking layer 3 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside.

[0165] The intermediate composite layer 2 includes a chemical barrier membrane 21 and a spacer support layer 22, with the spacer support layer 22 disposed between the chemical barrier membrane 21 and the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. The spacer support layer 22 includes a polyolefin mesh fabric 221 and two or more support pillars 222 disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric 221. The polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane 21, and the support pillars 222 extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 toward the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0166] In this comparative example, the outer protective layer 1, the chemical barrier film 21, the spacer support layer 22, and their parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0167] The inner moisture-wicking layer 3 is made of the same PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric as in Example 1, with an areal density of 140 g / m². The surface of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing the human skin is formed into a three-dimensional concave-convex structure by heat embossing. The three-dimensional concave-convex structure includes a raised platform 31, a recessed liquid collection area 32, and a groove unit 33.

[0168] In this comparative example, the shape and size of the raised platform 31, the recessed liquid collection area 32, the groove unit 33 and the groove branch 331 are the same as those in Example 1; the difference is that the bottom wall and the lower half of the side wall of the groove branch 331 in this comparative example are not coated with a coating 34.

[0169] This comparative example does not have auxiliary ventilation openings 4.

[0170] The preparation method of this comparative example includes the following steps: S1. A metal mold with a hexagonal bump array and grooved branch ridges is used to perform hot embossing on PP / PET 50 / 50 knitted fabric. The metal mold temperature is 160℃, the hot embossing pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot embossing time is 4 seconds. This forms raised platforms 31, recessed liquid collection areas 32, and grooved units 33 on the surface of the knitted fabric, resulting in the inner moisture-wicking layer 3.

[0171] S2, do not apply coating treatment to the bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the trench branch 331.

[0172] S3, using compression molding, silicone rubber support columns 222 are formed on polyethylene mesh fabric to obtain spacer support layer 22.

[0173] S4, the outer protective layer 1, chemical barrier film 21, spacer support layer 22 and inner moisture-wicking layer 3 are stacked in sequence, so that the polyolefin mesh fabric 221 is adjacent to the chemical barrier film 21 and the support column 222 is facing the inner moisture-wicking layer 3; the mesh-shaped TPU hot melt adhesive film is used for hot pressing composite, the hot pressing composite temperature is 130℃, the pressure is 0.4MPa and the time is 15 seconds, to obtain the composite material.

[0174] S5. The composite material is cut and sewn according to the pattern of the one-piece protective suit, and the seams are sealed with heat-sealing strips to obtain the chemical protective suit.

[0175] I. Experimental Methods 1. Chemical penetration test Take composite material samples from the torso of each sample, and expose one side of the outer protective layer 1 to toluene, concentrated sulfuric acid, and ammonia, while using the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 as the testing side. Record the time taken to reach the penetration judgment condition. Test three parallel samples in each group and take the average value. If the penetration judgment condition is not reached after 480 minutes, it is recorded as >480 minutes.

[0176] 2. Water vapor transmission rate and equivalent air exchange capacity of the garment were tested. Take samples of composite materials from each group and test the water vapor permeability under constant temperature and humidity conditions. Take samples of whole garments from each group and measure the air exchange capacity under the garments under simulated movement conditions, and convert it into the equivalent amount of air exchange for the whole garment.

[0177] 3. Liquid moisture conduction rate test Place the sample with the inner moisture-wicking layer 3 facing upwards. Add a measured amount of artificial sweat to the center of the inner moisture-wicking layer 3. Record the maximum liquid conduction distance along the plane of the inner moisture-wicking structure within 10 minutes as the liquid moisture conduction rate. Test at 5 locations for each group and take the average value.

[0178] 4. Temperature and humidity test under clothing Subjects wore protective suits and walked or stepped at 4 km / h for 30 minutes in an environment of 30℃ and 65%RH. Temperature and humidity sensors were placed on the chest, back, and waist to record the temperature and relative humidity under the clothing for 30 minutes, and the average value of multiple sites was taken.

[0179] 5. Human body heat load and sweat collection test inside clothing Subjects, wearing protective suits, walked on a treadmill at 5 km / h for 40 minutes in an environment of 25°C and 65%RH. Core body temperature rise, trunk skin temperature, perceived fatigue time, and amount of sweat collected inside the clothing were recorded. Ten healthy male subjects were tested in each group, and the average value was taken.

[0180] 6. Dynamic Interval Maintenance Test Take composite material samples for each sample and record the initial design air gap thickness formed by support column 222. Periodically compress the samples, release them, measure the recovered thickness, and calculate the thickness retention rate. Thickness retention rate = (Recovered thickness after cyclic compression / Initial design air gap thickness) × 100%.

[0181] II. Experimental Data Table 1. Chemical Barrier and Water Vapor Permeability Performance Data Table 2. Data on moisture-wicking and heat dissipation performance and overall garment performance. Table 3. Human body heat load and sweat collection data under clothing. Table 4 Dynamic Interval Maintenance Test Data In Examples 1-5, the penetration times for toluene, concentrated sulfuric acid, and ammonia were all >480 min, comparable to Comparative Example 1. This demonstrates that the present invention, after setting the inner moisture-wicking layer 3, groove unit 33, coating 34, and spacer support layer 22, did not disrupt the continuous barrier function of the chemical barrier film 21. Comparative Examples 2-4 also maintained a penetration time >480 min, further illustrating that each moisture-wicking and heat-dissipating structure primarily improves the thermal and humid environment under clothing, rather than achieving heat dissipation by reducing chemical barrier performance.

[0182] The liquid moisture conduction rate in Example 1 was 212 mm / 10 min, while in Comparative Example 2 it was only 58 mm / 10 min. After removing the raised platform 31, the recessed collection area 32, the groove unit 33, the groove branch 331, and the coating 34 from Comparative Example 2, liquid sweat could not diffuse rapidly along the preset capillary channels, and the temperature and relative humidity under the clothing increased to 35.8°C and 78%, respectively. This demonstrates that the three-dimensional concave-convex structure is the key structure for achieving rapid sweat collection and transfer.

[0183] In Example 1, after the support column 222 was installed, the initial design air gap thickness was 2.5 mm, and the thickness recovered after cyclic compression was 2.35 mm, with a thickness retention rate of 94.0%. In Comparative Example 3, without the air gap support layer 22, although its liquid moisture conduction rate was still 205 mm / 10 min, the temperature and relative humidity under the clothing were 36.3℃ and 81%, respectively, significantly higher than in Example 1. This result indicates that the inner moisture-wicking structure alone is insufficient to adequately improve the thermal and humid environment under clothing; the air gap support layer 22 is also needed to maintain air channels to promote moisture loss and convective heat transfer.

[0184] In Example 1, the bottom wall and lower half of the sidewall of the groove branch 331 are coated with a coating 34, and the liquid moisture conduction rate is 212 mm / 10 min. In Comparative Example 4, no coating 34 is provided, and the liquid moisture conduction rate drops to 118 mm / 10 min, while the relative humidity under the clothing increases to 74%. This indicates that the selective coating 34 can improve the local hydrophilicity of the groove branch 331, making the groove branch 331 a preferential moisture-wicking area, thereby enhancing the sweat collection and directional conduction capabilities.

[0185] Example 2, based on Example 1, added an underarm auxiliary vent 4, reducing the temperature under the clothing from 33.6℃ to 32.8℃ and the relative humidity under the clothing from 67% to 61%. Example 3 further increased the height of the support column 222 and added a back auxiliary vent 4, reducing the temperature under the clothing to 30.8℃ and the relative humidity under the clothing to 62%. These results indicate that the auxiliary vent 4 and the higher spacing support structure can further enhance the convective heat dissipation effect. However, Example 1, even without the auxiliary vent 4, is still significantly better than Comparative Examples 2-4, indicating that the auxiliary vent 4 is not a necessary structure for basic moisture-wicking and heat dissipation.

[0186] Example 4 uses a carboxylated carbon nanotube coating and TPU support pillars 222, achieving a liquid moisture conduction rate of 205 mm / 10 min, a temperature under the garment of 33.8°C, and a relative humidity of 68%. Example 5 uses a square recessed liquid collection area 32 and four grooved branches 331, achieving a liquid moisture conduction rate of 202 mm / 10 min, a temperature under the garment of 34.1°C, and a relative humidity of 69%. Both examples are superior to comparative examples 2-4, demonstrating that even with substitutions of the coating material, support pillar material, and the shape of the recessed liquid collection area within the scope of the claims, the moisture-wicking and heat-dissipating effects can still be achieved.

[0187] Example 1, which incorporates a three-dimensional convex-concave moisture-wicking structure, a selective coating 34, and a spacer support layer 22, exhibits superior performance compared to Comparative Examples 2-4 in terms of liquid moisture conduction rate, under-clothing temperature and humidity, core body temperature rise, perceived fatigue time, and sweat accumulation within the clothing. Comparative Example 2 lacks the inner three-dimensional convex-concave moisture-wicking structure, Comparative Example 3 lacks the spacer support layer 22, and Comparative Example 4 lacks the selective coating 34; none of these examples achieve the comprehensive effect of Example 1. Therefore, this invention is not merely a structural improvement, but rather a synergistic enhancement of moisture wicking and convection heat dissipation achieved through the combination of "protruding platform 31 / recessed liquid collection area 32 / groove unit 33 / groove branch 331 + selective coating 34 + spacer support layer 22."

[0188] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chemical protective suit with moisture-wicking and convection coupling heat dissipation, characterized in that, It includes an outer protective layer, a middle composite layer, and an inner moisture-wicking layer arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside; The intermediate composite layer includes a chemical barrier membrane and a spacer support layer disposed between the chemical barrier membrane and the inner moisture-wicking layer; the spacer support layer includes a polyolefin mesh fabric and two or more support columns disposed on the polyolefin mesh fabric, the polyolefin mesh fabric is disposed adjacent to the chemical barrier membrane, and the support columns extend from the polyolefin mesh fabric toward the inner moisture-wicking layer. The inner moisture-wicking layer has a three-dimensional uneven structure on the side facing the human skin. The three-dimensional uneven structure includes two or more raised platforms, two or more recessed liquid collection areas, and groove units disposed at the bottom of the recessed liquid collection areas. The recessed liquid collection areas are located between adjacent raised platforms, and each recessed liquid collection area has a groove unit at its bottom. The groove units in adjacent recessed liquid collection areas are interconnected at the edges of the recessed liquid collection areas. The bottom wall and lower half of the side wall of the groove branch are coated.

2. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer protective layer is made of aramid 1414 woven fabric, polyester woven fabric, flame-retardant nylon woven fabric, flash-steamed nonwoven fabric, or spunbond nonwoven fabric.

3. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chemical barrier membrane is an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane.

4. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner moisture-wicking layer is a fiber substrate containing polyolefin fibers and polyester fibers and modified with hydrophilicity.

5. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raised platform is a hexagonal, square, or rhomboid raised platform; the recessed liquid collection area is a hexagonal, square, or rhomboid recessed area; the shape of the raised platform corresponds to the shape of the recessed liquid collection area; the height difference between the top of the raised platform and the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area is 60~120μm; the total area of ​​the top of the raised platform accounts for 30~50% of the surface area of ​​the inner moisture-wicking layer facing the human skin; the diameter of the inscribed circle of the recessed liquid collection area is 346~520μm.

6. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each trench unit includes 3 to 6 trench branches, which are radially distributed from the bottom center of the recessed liquid collection area to the edge of the recessed liquid collection area; the width of the trench branch is 80 to 150 μm, the depth of the trench branch from the bottom of the recessed liquid collection area downward is 30 to 60 μm, and the cross-section of the trench branch is U-shaped.

7. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating is a polyvinyl alcohol / chitosan composite coating or a carboxylated carbon nanotube coating.

8. The chemical protective suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support column is a silicone rubber column or a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer column; the cross-section of the support column is circular, triangular, rhomboid or polygonal; the maximum external dimension of the cross-section of the support column is 0.4~0.8mm, and the maximum external dimension of the cross-section is the maximum distance between any two points on the cross-sectional outline of the support column; the height of the support column is 1~3.5mm, and the column spacing of the support columns is 6~10mm.

9. A method for preparing a chemical protective suit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The inner substrate is subjected to hot embossing to form raised platforms, recessed liquid collection areas, and groove units on its surface, resulting in an inner moisture-wicking layer. Each recessed liquid collection area has a groove unit at its bottom, and each groove unit includes 3-6 groove branches. A coating is formed only on the bottom wall and lower half of the sidewalls of the groove branches. Two or more support columns are formed on a polyolefin mesh fabric to obtain a spacer support layer. The outer protective layer, chemical barrier film, spacer support layer, and inner moisture-wicking layer are sequentially stacked and composited to obtain a composite material, wherein the polyolefin mesh fabric is adjacent to the chemical barrier film, and the support columns face the inner moisture-wicking layer. The composite material is cut, sewn, and the seams are sealed to obtain the chemical protective suit.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The hot embossing process is performed using a metal mold with a raised dot array and grooved branch ridges. The temperature of the metal mold is 150~170℃, the hot embossing pressure is 0.5~1.0MPa, and the hot embossing time is 3~5 seconds. The coating is formed by mask spraying or gravure printing. The support column is formed by injection molding or compression molding. The composite is formed by hot melt adhesive hot pressing or ultrasonic spot welding. The pressure of hot melt adhesive hot pressing is 0.2~0.5MPa.

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