A flying fire fighting vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a flying fire-fighting vehicle, which comprises a flying vehicle body, a plurality of multi-stage vector ducted fan power systems, an on-board fire extinguishing system and a power control system; each multi-stage ducted fan is installed on the flying vehicle body and independently controlled by a central processing unit, and provides all the lifting force and control force for vertical take-off, hovering and attitude control of the flying vehicle body. The flying fire-fighting vehicle has a flight capability below 4000 meters, and the total thrust is matched with the air density at an altitude of 4000 meters to support high-altitude operation of carrying fire extinguishing liquid; the central processing unit continuously iteratively adjusts the thrust of each ducted fan according to the real-time change of the liquid level during spraying, so that the total thrust is matched with the current total weight in real time, and the hovering height is kept unchanged; the deviation of the flight path is not greater than 1.5 meters, and the positioning accuracy reaches 0.5 meters, so that the fire extinguishing liquid can be sprayed to the fire area; and the vehicle body is made of titanium alloy and can hover and spray at a fire field of 800 DEG C. The application solves the problems of "not reaching, not stabilizing and not hitting" in the fire fighting of super high-rise buildings, and realizes the fire fighting of super high-rise buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of aerial firefighting vehicles for high-rise buildings, and is also a firefighting system suitable for fire suppression / firefighting in forests, mountains, and at sea. This invention relates to a flying fire truck. Background Technology

[0002] Firefighting in complex scenarios such as forests, mountains, urban high-rise buildings, and ships at sea has been recognized by the fire service as a "world-class challenge." By the end of 2025, China had over 4,000 high-rise buildings exceeding 100 meters in height, ranking first in the world in both categories. However, existing firefighting equipment generally suffers from limitations when facing fires in buildings over 100 meters tall, including the inability to reach, enter, or accurately target the fire. This is because: traditional wheeled fire trucks are hampered by terrain and building obstructions, making it difficult to quickly approach the fire location; ordinary firefighting drones have limited liquid carrying capacity, limiting their use to fire reconnaissance and small-dose extinguishing agent dispensing; and manned firefighting helicopters have high purchase and maintenance costs, pose a high risk of collisions with exposed rotor blades when operating between urban buildings, and have strict requirements for takeoff and landing sites.

[0003] Fighting forest, grassland, and mountain fires presents even greater challenges. Forests and grasslands typically cover large areas, with some large forests reaching hundreds of acres and extending over tens to hundreds of kilometers. When a forest catches fire, the temperature in the upper atmosphere reaches thousands of degrees Celsius, and the turbulent hot air velocity above a hundred meters exceeds 100 kilometers per hour. This makes it difficult for ordinary drones, helicopters, and even firefighting aircraft to penetrate deep into the fire zone. Often, due to the intensity of the fire, it is simply left to rage until it extinguishes naturally, resulting in enormous losses. This is a global challenge. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-temperature resistant aircraft capable of spraying large amounts of fire extinguishing liquid over intense hot air currents. A flying fire engine employing a "multi-stage vector ducted fan" is proposed. Its powerful propulsion system and the ability to spray high-speed air downwards enhance both firefighting effectiveness and safety. The structure and system of the flying fire engine can be constructed using titanium alloys and heat-resistant / high-temperature materials, making it suitable for use in forest fire fighting.

[0004] 1. Physical limitations of traditional firefighting equipment: The effective range of ground-based fire hoses is typically around 50 meters (approximately 15-17 stories high), beyond which they are "beyond reach." While aerial ladder trucks can extend their booms to a height of 100 meters, these vehicles can be up to 17 meters long and weigh 60 tons. This not only places stringent requirements on the operating site—requiring a wide and sturdy ground to support the outriggers—but also often takes more than 30 minutes from arrival to setup, making it difficult to meet the "golden time" requirement for fire rescue. In complex terrain conditions such as old urban areas and narrow streets, aerial ladder trucks may not even be able to enter the scene.

[0005] 2. Inherent limitations of firefighting helicopters: Firefighting helicopters are ineffective in high-rise urban fires. Complex "canyon winds" exist between tall buildings, and the intense updrafts generated by the fire can cause them to fly too low, as the rotor downwash can act like a blower, intensifying the fire. Maintaining a safe altitude, however, makes it difficult for the water buckets to accurately penetrate windows and reach the source of the fire, posing a significant risk in dense smoke and turbulent airflow.

[0006] 3. Existing Technical Bottlenecks of Firefighting Drones: While firefighting drones have made some progress in recent years, they are far from meeting the requirements of main combat equipment in actual combat. Firstly, their payload and flow rate are insufficient. Traditional rotary-wing drones have limited effective payloads, a fire-extinguishing flow rate of only 3 to 5 liters per second, and a spray distance of less than 15 meters, making it difficult to suppress real fires; small streams of water may even vaporize and fuel combustion in high-temperature environments. Secondly, their endurance depends on tethering, but tethering brings new problems. To ensure continuous spraying of extinguishing agents, existing solutions mostly use "tethered power and liquid supply"—connecting to ground fire trucks via hoses and cables. However, the water-filled hoses and cables are extremely heavy, requiring the drone to expend most of its lift to "lift the hoses," significantly reducing the actual operating altitude (usually difficult to exceed 100-150 meters), and making them prone to swaying and loss of control in wind. Thirdly, they cannot adapt to harsh fire scene environments. Existing firefighting drones mostly employ open-rotor designs, resulting in insufficient stability under high-altitude turbulence and strong winds. Their airframes lack high-temperature resistance design, making continuous operation near 800°C fire scenes difficult. Furthermore, the high temperatures and dense smoke at fire scenes can interfere with sensors, causing obstacle avoidance failures. Fourthly, they lack independent mobility. Existing tethered systems rely on fire truck transport and ground support, resulting in long deployment and takeoff times, and they lack the ability to detach from ground facilities and maneuver independently to distant fire scenes.

[0007] In summary, existing firefighting equipment has significant capacity gaps in dealing with fires in high-rise and super high-rise buildings and large-scale forest and grassland fires. There is an urgent need for a new type of flying firefighting platform with high load capacity, high temperature resistance, strong wind resistance, precise hovering, and independent mobility to fill the gap in main firefighting equipment for high-rise buildings and large-scale forest and grassland firefighting. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention addresses the problems of existing technologies by proposing a flying fire truck. Its primary objectives are: 1) to solve the problem that existing firefighting equipment cannot reach high-rise fire scenes; 2) to solve the problem of insufficient thrust and operational limitations in high-altitude and high-flying environments; 3) to solve the problem of inaccurate positioning between buildings and inaccurate application of fire extinguishing liquids; 4) to solve the problem that existing aircraft cannot operate continuously near high-temperature fire scenes; 5) to solve the problem that existing tethered firefighting drones rely on ground facilities and have poor independent maneuverability; 6) to solve the problem that existing rotorcraft cannot hover stably in strong winds near high-rise buildings; 7) to solve the problem that existing aircraft crash upon single-engine failure, compromising operational safety; and 8) to solve the problem that existing aircraft are prone to collisions and have poor maneuverability between urban buildings.

[0009] To solve its technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A flying fire truck includes: a flying vehicle body, multiple multi-stage vector ducted fan power systems, an airborne fire extinguishing system, and a power control system; the multiple multi-stage vector ducted fans are installed on the flying vehicle body, and each multi-stage vector ducted fan is independently controlled to generate adjustable thrust and thrust direction, providing the flying vehicle body with all the lift and control force required for vertical takeoff and landing, hovering, horizontal movement, and attitude control; the airborne fire extinguishing system includes a fire extinguishing liquid tank and a high-pressure spray device connected to the fire extinguishing liquid tank, and is installed on the flying vehicle body; the power system provides power to the multi-stage vector ducted fans and the airborne fire extinguishing system; the number of multi-stage vector ducted fans is multiple, and each is independently controlled by a central processing unit; the total thrust output capacity of the multi-stage vector ducted fans is adapted to the total weight of the flying fire truck to support vertical takeoff and landing and flight in the air; its characteristic is:

[0011] The flying fire truck is configured to have flight capability below 4000 meters and an operating range of 300 kilometers; the flying fire truck uses a hybrid power system (oil / electric) as its main propulsion system; the total thrust output capability of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is matched with the thrust requirements of the flying fire truck under the air density conditions at an altitude of 4000 meters, so as to support vertical take-off and landing, hovering and fire extinguishing spraying operations with fire extinguishing liquid in the range below 4000 meters;

[0012] The flying fire truck also has a central processing unit. During the process of the high-pressure jetting device spraying fire extinguishing liquid, the central processing unit dynamically adjusts the thrust and / or thrust direction of each of the multi-stage vector ducted fans according to the real-time changes in the liquid level in the fire extinguishing liquid tank, so as to compensate for the center of gravity shift and / or attitude disturbance of the flying vehicle body caused by the consumption of fire extinguishing liquid, thereby maintaining the hovering stability and horizontal attitude of the flying fire truck throughout the entire process of fire extinguishing liquid spraying.

[0013] The airborne fire extinguishing system sprays all the fire extinguishing liquid through the high-pressure spray device for 1 to 5 minutes. During the spraying time, as the fire extinguishing liquid is continuously consumed, the total weight of the flying fire truck continues to decrease. The central processing unit continuously iteratively adjusts the thrust output of each of the multi-stage vector ducted fans based on the real-time liquid level changes detected by the liquid level sensor, so that the total thrust matches the current total weight in real time and the hovering altitude remains unchanged.

[0014] The flying fire truck has the ability to precisely control its flight path during flight, with a deviation of no more than 1-1.5 meters. When fighting fires in high-rise buildings, its positioning and movement accuracy reaches 0.5 meters to ensure that the fire extinguishing liquid is accurately sprayed into the fire area.

[0015] The surface structure of the flying vehicle is at least partially made of titanium alloy and is equipped with a high-temperature resistant protective layer. The flying fire truck is configured to hover over a fire where the convective heat radiation temperature reaches 800°C and continuously spray fire extinguishing liquid.

[0016] Furthermore, the self-propelled range of the flying fire truck is: tens of meters to tens of kilometers from the water source, and it can carry out firefighting operations in high-rise building complexes with more than 300 floors and an altitude of 1,000-1,500 meters. It allows for precise operations between buildings in urban areas and allows for large-scale firefighting missions involving the spraying of fire extinguishing materials, water, or fire extinguishing liquids over large forests / grasslands.

[0017] Furthermore, the flying fire truck has a maximum flight speed of 120 km / h, an air flight distance of more than 300 km, and can quickly reach the fire scene; the ground operating distance is more than 50 km, so all operations do not require the use of additional transport vehicles.

[0018] Furthermore, the total thrust of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is configured to keep the flying fire truck hovering under strong wind speeds or gusts of 20-25 m / s, and to maintain the fire extinguishing liquid spraying operation of the high-pressure jetting device under these conditions.

[0019] Furthermore, the flying fire truck has a fault-tolerant flight control architecture. If one of the multi-stage vector ducted fans experiences thrust attenuation or failure during the spraying of extinguishing liquid by the high-pressure jetting device, the central processing unit will activate the emergency response system in real time. The emergency response system has the following functions:

[0020] 1) The thrust and thrust direction of the remaining multi-stage vector ducted fans are redistributed to maintain the safe hovering and firefighting operations of the flying fire truck;

[0021] 2) The flying fire truck is equipped with an emergency power unit, and each multi-stage vector ducted fan is equipped with a time-delayed lift supplementary force device.

[0022] Furthermore, the flying fire truck is equipped with a self-priming water device, configured to land automatically within a range of tens of meters to tens of kilometers from the water source and complete the refilling of fire extinguishing liquid or water; the refilling time does not exceed 10 minutes, and after the refilling is completed, it automatically returns to the fire scene to continue fire extinguishing operations.

[0023] Advantages and effects of the present invention

[0024] 1. Achieving effective firefighting in high-rise buildings and solving the "out-of-reach" problem. This invention configures a flying fire truck with flight capabilities up to 4000 meters, enabling it to extinguish fires in high-rise building clusters exceeding 300 stories and at heights between 1000 and 1500 meters. Simultaneously, powered by a hybrid oil / electric system, the flying fire truck can rapidly ascend vertically to altitudes exceeding 1000 meters, carrying fire extinguishing liquid. This overcomes the limitations of existing firefighting equipment's insufficient height, providing high-rise building fires with firefighting equipment that can be effectively "reached."

[0025] 2. Achieving high-altitude thrust maintenance and solving the problem of insufficient thrust at high altitudes. This invention adapts the total thrust output capacity of the vector ducted fan to the total weight of the flying fire truck, enabling it to carry fire extinguishing liquid for vertical take-off and landing, hovering, and fire extinguishing spraying operations within an altitude range below 4000 meters, ensuring that the flying fire truck has sufficient thrust at the top of super high-rise buildings.

[0026] 3. Achieving precise positioning between buildings, solving the problem of "inaccurate targeting". This invention enables the flying fire truck to precisely control its flight path, with a deviation of no more than 1-1.5 meters. In high-rise building firefighting, the positioning and movement accuracy reaches 0.5 meters, and it allows for precise movement between buildings in urban areas. This allows the flying fire truck to accurately locate the burning window in complex environments and precisely spray fire extinguishing liquid through the window to the fire point, solving the problem of "inaccurate targeting" where fire extinguishing liquid cannot hit the fire source.

[0027] 4. Enables high-temperature, close-range operations, solving the problem of being unable to approach the fire scene. This invention uses titanium alloy to manufacture the surface structure of the flying vehicle and configures it with a high-temperature resistant protective layer, enabling the flying fire truck to hover above a fire scene at 800°C and continuously spray fire extinguishing liquid. This allows the flying fire truck to approach the core area of ​​the fire source to carry out firefighting, improving firefighting efficiency.

[0028] 5. Achieving long-distance independent mobility and solving the problem of dependence on ground facilities. This invention uses a hybrid oil / electric power system as the main propulsion system, enabling the flying fire truck to have an air flight range of more than 300 kilometers and a ground operating range of more than 50 kilometers. This allows the flying fire truck to move independently from its base or water source to the fire scene without the need for fire truck transport. At the same time, the flying fire truck is equipped with a self-priming water device, which can automatically land within 10 kilometers of the water source and complete the refueling of fire extinguishing liquid or water. After refueling, it automatically returns to the fire scene to continue firefighting operations, eliminating the dependence of existing tethered firefighting drones on ground water hoses and cables.

[0029] 6. Achieving stable hovering under strong wind conditions, solving the problem of not being able to operate in windy weather. This invention, by limiting the total thrust of the multi-stage vector ducted fan, enables the flying fire truck to hover under strong wind speeds of 20-25 m / s, and maintains the spraying of fire extinguishing liquid by the high-pressure jetting device under these conditions, allowing the flying fire truck to still perform hovering and fire extinguishing tasks in strong wind weather.

[0030] 7. Ensuring power safety and resolving the issue of power failure affecting operational safety. This invention, by configuring a self-contained emergency power failure rescue system and a damage / safety system, can ensure the safety of the flying fire truck in the event of a partial power system failure during firefighting operations.

[0031] 8. Achieves safe passage between buildings and solves the problem of poor maneuverability. This invention uses a multi-stage vector ducted fan as its power system, maintaining a level flight attitude throughout. Because the multi-stage vector ducted fan provides lateral force, the flying fire truck does not exhibit wave-like motion, whether moving forward, backward, turning, or making a U-turn, thus avoiding collisions with obstacles. Furthermore, the flying fire truck has no exposed wings or propellers, has a smooth outer surface, occupies the same space as a regular large truck, and can safely pass between urban buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a physical image of the small flying fire truck of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a physical image of the medium-sized flying fire truck of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Innovation of this invention

[0035] This invention proposes a flying fire truck specifically designed for firefighting in super high-rise buildings. Its core innovation lies in the deep integration of a high-performance vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) flight platform with a fire extinguishing system. Addressing the actual needs of high-rise building firefighting, it establishes a complete innovative system encompassing flight platform architecture, high-temperature protection, safety assurance, and independent mobile resupply. Compared to existing technologies, this invention exhibits significant innovation in the following aspects:

[0036] 1. System Integration of Multi-stage Vector Ducted Fan and High-Rise Firefighting Flight Platform. This invention integrates a multi-stage vector ducted fan flight platform with the firefighting requirements of high-rise buildings: integrating an onboard fire extinguishing liquid tank and a high-pressure jet device; employing a hybrid oil / electric power system to achieve an aerial flight range of over 300 kilometers and a ground self-propelled capability of over 50 kilometers; controlling flight path deviation within 1-1.5 meters; and achieving positioning and movement accuracy of 0.5 meters, making this flight platform a dedicated piece of equipment designed specifically for high-rise firefighting.

[0037] 2. Protection of Flying Platforms in 800℃ High-Temperature Fire Environments. This invention addresses the high-temperature environment of fires in super high-rise buildings. The surface structure of the flying vehicle is made of titanium alloy and equipped with a high-temperature resistant protective layer, enabling the flying fire truck to hover above a fire scene at 800℃ and continuously spray extinguishing liquid. The flying vehicle body provides high-temperature protection while fulfilling its structural load-bearing function.

[0038] 3. Flying fire trucks employing a "multi-stage vector ducted fan." Due to their powerful propulsion system and the characteristic of spraying high-speed air downwards, they enhance firefighting effectiveness and safety. The structure and system of flying fire trucks can be manufactured using titanium alloys and heat-resistant / high-temperature materials, making them suitable for on-site forest firefighting applications.

[0039] 4. Safety Assurance System for Firefighting Operations. This invention is equipped with a self-propelled emergency power failure rescue system and a damage / safety system, ensuring the safety of the flying fire truck in the event of a partial power system failure during firefighting operations. Simultaneously, the flying fire truck is equipped with a self-priming water device, enabling it to land autonomously within a 10-kilometer radius of a water source and refill with fire extinguishing liquid or water in no more than 10 minutes. After refilling, it automatically returns to the fire scene to continue firefighting operations. Its aerial flight distance is greater than 300 kilometers and its ground operating distance is greater than 50 kilometers, requiring no additional transport vehicles for operation.

[0040] 5. Precise maneuverability between buildings. This invention employs a multi-stage vector ducted fan as its power system, maintaining a level flight attitude throughout. Because the vector ducted fan provides lateral force, the flying fire truck avoids wavy motion whether moving forward, backward, turning, or making a U-turn, thus preventing collisions with obstacles. Furthermore, the flying fire truck has no exposed wings or propellers, and its smooth outer surface contributes to low drag, high efficiency, and low energy consumption, enabling precise movement between urban buildings.

[0041] Design principle of the invention

[0042] I. Flight Control Principle of Multi-Stage Vectoring Ducted Fans. The flying fire truck uses multi-stage vectoring ducted fans as its main propulsion system. Multiple vectoring ducted fans are installed on the vehicle body, each independently controlled by a central processing unit. They can generate adjustable thrust and thrust direction, providing all the lift and control force required for vertical takeoff and landing, hovering, horizontal movement, and attitude control. The flying fire truck uses a hybrid power system (oil / electric) as its main propulsion system, providing power to the multi-stage vectoring ducted fans and the onboard fire extinguishing system.

[0043] II. Principle of Matching Flight Altitude and Thrust. The flying fire truck is configured to have the ability to fly below 4,000 meters and an operating range of 300 kilometers. The total lift / lateral thrust output of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is matched with the total weight / flight performance of the flying fire truck to support vertical take-off and landing, hovering, and flight in the air, and to carry fire extinguishing liquid for fire extinguishing operations within an altitude range below 4,000 meters.

[0044] III. Protection Principles in High-Temperature Fire Environments. Flying fire trucks need to hover and operate in the high-temperature zone above a fire. The surface structure of the flying vehicle is made of titanium alloy and equipped with a high-temperature resistant protective layer, enabling the flying fire truck to hover and continuously spray extinguishing liquid above a fire where the convective heat radiation temperature reaches 800℃.

[0045] IV. Power Redundancy and Safety Assurance Principles. The flying fire truck is equipped with a self-propelled emergency power failure rescue system and a damage / safety system. When part of the power system fails, the emergency power system starts at high speed simultaneously, ensuring the safety of the flying fire truck.

[0046] V. Independent Air-Ground Mobility Principle. The flying fire truck possesses both air and ground driving capabilities. Its air flight range exceeds 300 kilometers, enabling rapid arrival at the fire scene; its ground driving range exceeds 50 kilometers, allowing it to autonomously access water sources. Equipped with a self-priming water system, the flying fire truck can autonomously land / operate on the ground within a range of tens of meters to tens of kilometers from a water source, completing the refilling of fire extinguishing liquid or water. After refilling, it automatically returns to the fire scene to continue firefighting operations. All operations require no additional transport vehicles.

[0047] VI. Principle of Precise Maneuvering Between Buildings. The flying fire truck uses a multi-stage vector ducted fan as its power system, maintaining a level flight attitude throughout. Because the multi-stage vector ducted fan provides lateral force, the flying fire truck does not exhibit wave-like motion, whether moving forward, backward, turning, or making a U-turn, thus avoiding collisions with obstacles. Furthermore, the flying fire truck has no exposed wings or propellers, and its smooth outer surface contributes to low drag, high efficiency, and low energy consumption, enabling precise movement between urban buildings.

[0048] Based on the above principles, this invention designs a flying fire truck, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a flying vehicle body, multiple multi-stage vector ducted fan power systems, an airborne fire suppression system, and a power control system; the multiple multi-stage vector ducted fans are installed on the flying vehicle body, and each multi-stage vector ducted fan is independently controlled to generate adjustable thrust and thrust direction, providing the flying vehicle body with all the lift and control force required for vertical takeoff and landing, hovering, horizontal movement, and attitude control; the airborne fire suppression system includes a fire extinguishing liquid tank and a high-pressure spray device connected to the fire extinguishing liquid tank, and is installed on the flying vehicle body; the power system provides power to the multi-stage vector ducted fans and the airborne fire suppression system; the number of multi-stage vector ducted fans is multiple, and each is independently controlled by a central processing unit; the total thrust output capacity of the multi-stage vector ducted fans is adapted to the total weight of the flying fire truck to support vertical takeoff and landing and flight in the air; its characteristics are:

[0049] The flying fire truck is configured to have flight capability below 4000 meters and an operating range of 300 kilometers; the flying fire truck uses a hybrid power system (oil / electric) as its main propulsion system; the total thrust output capability of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is matched with the thrust requirements of the flying fire truck under the air density conditions at an altitude of 4000 meters, so as to support vertical take-off and landing, hovering and fire extinguishing spraying operations with fire extinguishing liquid in the range below 4000 meters;

[0050] The flying fire truck also has a central processing unit. During the process of the high-pressure jetting device spraying fire extinguishing liquid, the central processing unit dynamically adjusts the thrust and / or thrust direction of each of the multi-stage vector ducted fans according to the real-time changes in the liquid level in the fire extinguishing liquid tank, so as to compensate for the center of gravity shift and / or attitude disturbance of the flying vehicle body caused by the consumption of fire extinguishing liquid, thereby maintaining the hovering stability and horizontal attitude of the flying fire truck throughout the entire process of fire extinguishing liquid spraying.

[0051] The airborne fire extinguishing system sprays all the fire extinguishing liquid through the high-pressure jet device for 1 to 5 minutes. During the spraying time, as the fire extinguishing liquid is continuously consumed, the total weight of the flying fire truck continues to decrease. The central processing unit continuously iteratively adjusts the thrust output of each of the multi-stage vector ducted fans based on the real-time liquid level changes detected by the liquid level sensor, so that the total thrust matches the current total weight in real time and the hovering altitude remains unchanged.

[0052] The flying fire truck has the ability to precisely control its flight path during flight, with a deviation of no more than 1-1.5 meters. When fighting fires in high-rise buildings, its positioning and movement accuracy reaches 0.5 meters to ensure that the fire extinguishing liquid is accurately sprayed into the fire area.

[0053] The surface structure of the flying vehicle is at least partially made of titanium alloy and is equipped with a high-temperature resistant protective layer. The flying fire truck is configured to hover over a fire where the convective heat radiation temperature reaches 800°C and continuously spray fire extinguishing liquid.

[0054] Furthermore, the self-propelled range of the flying fire truck is: tens of meters to tens of kilometers from the water source, and it can carry out firefighting operations in high-rise building complexes with more than 300 floors and an altitude of 1,000-1,500 meters. It allows for precise operations between buildings in urban areas and allows for large-scale firefighting missions involving the spraying of fire extinguishing materials, water, or fire extinguishing liquids over large forests / grasslands.

[0055] Furthermore, the flying fire truck has a maximum flight speed of 120 km / h, an air flight distance of more than 300 km, and can quickly reach the fire scene; the ground operating distance is more than 50 km, so all operations do not require the use of additional transport vehicles.

[0056] Furthermore, the total thrust of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is configured to keep the flying fire truck hovering under strong wind speeds or gusts of 20-25 m / s, and to maintain the fire extinguishing liquid spraying operation of the high-pressure jetting device under these conditions.

[0057] Furthermore, the flying fire truck has a fault-tolerant flight control architecture. If one of the multi-stage vector ducted fans experiences thrust attenuation or failure during the spraying of extinguishing liquid by the high-pressure jetting device, the central processing unit will activate the emergency response system in real time. The emergency response system has the following functions:

[0058] 1) The thrust and thrust direction of the remaining multi-stage vector ducted fans are redistributed to maintain the safe hovering and firefighting operations of the flying fire truck;

[0059] 2) The flying fire truck is equipped with an emergency power unit, and each multi-stage vector ducted fan is equipped with a time-delayed lift supplementary force device.

[0060] Furthermore, the flying fire truck is equipped with a self-priming water device, configured to land automatically within a range of tens of meters to tens of kilometers from the water source and complete the refilling of fire extinguishing liquid or water; the refilling time does not exceed 10 minutes, and after the refilling is completed, it automatically returns to the fire scene to continue fire extinguishing operations.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] 1. The flying fire truck is a relatively independent flight platform. Its flight control and navigation system does not rely on ground command, especially in manned operation mode, making it a completely independent aircraft. Flight operators can independently assess the fire situation and rescue scenario on-site and take timely action. All operational processes and scenarios of the flying platform can be simultaneously transmitted to the on-site or ground-based flight rescue command center tens or hundreds of kilometers away. Simultaneously, information and instructions from the ground-based flight rescue command center and support are sent to the flying fire truck operator. This is a real-time, two-way information system to ensure the efficient execution of the flying fire truck platform while receiving support from ground command.

[0063] 2. Essentially, the flying fire truck is an "energy storage electric / fuel power generation" aircraft with medium-speed flight, flight capability below 4000 meters altitude, and a short-to-medium range of 300 kilometers. The flying fire truck uses a hybrid electric / oil-electric system as its main propulsion system.

[0064] 3. Essential flight characteristics and application capabilities of a flying fire truck: Vertical takeoff and landing capability, with a runway for takeoff. During flight, it must be able to independently identify its surroundings and respond promptly. On a predetermined flight path, it must be able to fly over or avoid fixed obstacles. When changing flight paths, it must promptly utilize onboard maps or communication maps to fly over or avoid fixed obstacles along the new flight path.

[0065] 4. The flying fire truck possesses precise flight path control, with a deviation of no more than 1-1.5 meters. When fighting fires in high-rise buildings, its positioning and movement accuracy can reach 0.5 meters, ensuring that the extinguishing liquid is accurately sprayed onto the fire area. The flying fire truck can operate in high-temperature zones above fire scenes, withstanding temperatures up to C800 degrees Celsius. The surface structure of the flying fire truck is constructed using titanium alloy and heat-resistant / high-temperature-resistant materials.

[0066] 5. Small flying fire engine

[0067] Small flying fire engines, such as Figure 1 As shown.

[0068] Firefighting capability: Onboard fire extinguishing liquid tank capacity: 1000-1500 kg, approximately 1-1.5 cubic meters.

[0069] Fire extinguishing liquid weight: 1100 kg - 1700 kg. Two high-pressure mobile steerable water guns: spray 1500 kg of water throughout the entire process, at a speed of 1-3 minutes.

[0070] Fire engine weight: 3000-3500 kg. Four-wheeled (electric) short-distance, low-speed vehicle.

[0071] Oil / Electric Power System: Two diesel / gasoline generators, power: 2 x (650-700) horsepower. Generating 44...

[0072] 48 kW power supply, providing power to 4-6 multi-stage vector ducted fans. Includes 100-200 kg of gasoline / diesel fuel, a complete oil / electric conversion system, and a high-pressure pump to supply high-pressure water extinguishing fluid to the fire hoses.

[0073] Flying vehicle dimensions: With side railings and a top railing. Width: 2.8-3 meters, Length: 4.5 meters.

[0074] Height: 2.5 meters. It can be refilled with fire extinguishing liquid or water from the ground and has its own water pump. After refilling, it can continue to be used for fire extinguishing.

[0075] Operation control and navigation: Manual operation and automatic ground visual or television guidance. Navigation: GPS and BeiDou + short-range longitude inertial navigation, which can be switched manually and automatically according to instructions.

[0076] Ground operation capability (electric vehicle self-propelled capability): It has off-road capability and can travel fully loaded on uneven roads. Ground operating speed: 30-80 km / h. Ground range: >100 km.

[0077] Firefighting capability:

[0078] 6. Medium-sized flying fire engine

[0079] Medium-sized flying fire engines, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0080] Airborne fire extinguishing liquid tank capacity: 5000-5500 kg, approximately 4.5-5.5 cubic meters; fire extinguishing liquid weight: 5500-6000 kg. Two high-pressure mobile steerable water cannons: spray 5500-6000 kg of water throughout the entire process, at a speed of 3-5 minutes.

[0081] Fire engine weight: 10,000 kg - 12,500 kg. Four-wheeled (electric) short-distance, low-speed vehicle.

[0082] Oil / Electric Power System: Two diesel / gasoline generators (power: 4 x 1700kW turboshaft engines). Generation: 3500kW, powering 6-8 multi-stage vector ducted fans. Fuel capacity: 1000-2000 kWh.

[0083] A kerosene / oil / electricity conversion system with two high-pressure pumps supplying extinguishing fluid for high-pressure water guns.

[0084] Flying vehicle dimensions: With side railings and a top railing. 4.5 meters wide x 8.5 meters long x 3 meters high.

[0085] Width: 4-53 meters, Length: 8-10 meters, Height: 2.5-3 meters. It can be refilled with ground-based fire extinguishing liquid or water, and has its own water pump. After refilling, it can continue to be used for firefighting.

[0086] Operation control and navigation. Manual operation and automatic ground visual or television guidance. Navigation: GPS and BeiDou + short-range longitude inertial navigation, which can be switched manually and automatically according to instructions.

[0087] 7. Operating Range: Self-propelled range: within 10 kilometers (distance to water source). Altitude: below 4000 meters. Buildings: >300 stories, firefighting in high-rise building complexes at altitudes of 1000-1500 meters, allowing for precise operations between buildings within urban areas.

[0088] 8. Protection and Safety: Self-propelled emergency power failure rescue system and damage / safety system. Surface structure is made of high-temperature resistant materials, operating temperature <800℃; fuel tank is fireproof. Maximum flight speed: 120 km / h. Ground positioning accuracy <0.2 meters. In-flight positioning accuracy <0.5 meters.

[0089] 9. Flight and control characteristics

[0090] Flying fire engines are vertical takeoff and landing vehicles that do not require runways or large takeoff and landing spaces.

[0091] It can operate at low to medium speeds on the ground, covering short distances of 50-100 kilometers. It is flexible on the ground, easily accessing water sources for refilling water or fire extinguishing fluid, refueling at gas stations, and easily entering garages. It can easily operate within complex urban building complexes, approaching the scene of a fire. It can also enter forests / grasslands for firefighting missions.

[0092] C. The air flight distance is greater than 300 kilometers, enabling rapid arrival at the fire scene. The ground operation distance is greater than 50 kilometers, therefore no additional transport vehicles are required for any operation.

[0093] It can move precisely in the air with an accuracy of 0.5 meters, making it suitable for firefighting missions in high-rise building complexes with complex floor plans.

[0094] Flying fire engines can hover in strong winds of 20-25 meters per second, enabling them to perform firefighting missions in forests, farms, mountains, grasslands, and at sea.

[0095] Because its propulsion system is a multi-stage vector ducted fan, the flying fire truck always maintains a level flight attitude. Whether moving forward, backward, turning, or making a U-turn during flight, the multi-stage vector ducted fan provides lateral force, preventing the fire truck from exhibiting wave-like motion and avoiding collisions with obstacles.

[0096] Thanks to its high-power, compact installation space achieved through the use of a multi-stage vector ducted fan, the flying fire truck eliminates the need for wings, propellers, jet engines, and rocket engines. Its smooth outer surface contributes to low drag and high efficiency with low energy consumption. Therefore, the flying fire truck occupies minimal space in flight, on the ground, and in ground / underground storage, comparable to a large truck.

[0097] The flying fire truck is equipped with a full set of firefighting equipment and materials, as well as emergency personnel rescue equipment.

[0098] It should be emphasized that the above specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to the above embodiments without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A flying fire truck, comprising: The vehicle comprises a flying vehicle body, multiple multi-stage vector ducted fan power systems, an airborne fire suppression system, and a power control system. The multiple multi-stage vector ducted fans are mounted on the flying vehicle body, each independently controlled to generate adjustable thrust and thrust direction, providing the flying vehicle body with all the lift and control force required for vertical takeoff and landing, hovering, horizontal movement, and attitude control. The airborne fire suppression system, including a fire extinguishing liquid tank and a high-pressure spray device connected to the fire extinguishing liquid tank, is mounted on the flying vehicle body. The power system provides power to the multi-stage vector ducted fans and the airborne fire suppression system. The number of multi-stage vector ducted fans is multiple, and each is independently controlled by a central processing unit. The total thrust output capacity of the multi-stage vector ducted fans is adapted to the total weight of the flying fire truck to support vertical takeoff and landing and flight. Its characteristics are: The flying fire truck is configured to have flight capability below 4000 meters and an operating range of 300 kilometers; the flying fire truck uses a hybrid power system (oil / electric) as its main propulsion system; the total thrust output capability of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is matched with the thrust requirements of the flying fire truck under the air density conditions at an altitude of 4000 meters, so as to support vertical take-off and landing, hovering and fire extinguishing spraying operations with fire extinguishing liquid in the range below 4000 meters; The flying fire truck also has a central processing unit. During the process of the high-pressure jetting device spraying fire extinguishing liquid, the central processing unit dynamically adjusts the thrust and / or thrust direction of each of the multi-stage vector ducted fans according to the real-time changes in the liquid level in the fire extinguishing liquid tank, so as to compensate for the center of gravity shift and / or attitude disturbance of the flying vehicle body caused by the consumption of fire extinguishing liquid, thereby maintaining the hovering stability and horizontal attitude of the flying fire truck throughout the entire process of fire extinguishing liquid spraying. The airborne fire extinguishing system sprays all the fire extinguishing liquid through the high-pressure spray device for 1 to 5 minutes. During the spraying time, as the fire extinguishing liquid is continuously consumed, the total weight of the flying fire truck continues to decrease. The central processing unit continuously iteratively adjusts the thrust output of each of the multi-stage vector ducted fans based on the real-time liquid level changes detected by the liquid level sensor, so that the total thrust matches the current total weight in real time and the hovering altitude remains unchanged. The flying fire truck has the ability to precisely control its flight path during flight, with a deviation of no more than 1-1.5 meters. When fighting fires in high-rise buildings, its positioning and movement accuracy reaches 0.5 meters to ensure that the fire extinguishing liquid is accurately sprayed into the fire area. The surface structure of the flying vehicle is at least partially made of titanium alloy and is equipped with a high-temperature resistant protective layer. The flying fire truck is configured to hover over a fire where the convective heat radiation temperature reaches 800°C and continuously spray fire extinguishing liquid.

2. The flying fire truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flying fire truck is permitted to conduct firefighting operations within a range of tens of meters to tens of kilometers from the water source, in high-rise building complexes with more than 300 floors and an altitude of 1,000-1,500 meters, and is allowed to operate precisely between buildings in urban areas and to carry out large-scale firefighting missions involving the spraying of fire extinguishing materials, water, or fire extinguishing liquids over large forests / grasslands.

3. The flying fire truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-propelled range of the flying fire truck is: a maximum flight speed of 120 km / h, an air flight distance of more than 300 km, and a ground operating distance of more than 50 km, so no additional transport vehicles are required for its operation.

4. The flying fire truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total thrust of the multi-stage vector ducted fan is configured to keep the flying fire truck hovering under strong wind speeds or gusts of 20-25 m / s, and to maintain the fire extinguishing liquid spraying operation of the high-pressure jetting device under these conditions.

5. A flying fire truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flying fire truck has a fault-tolerant flight control architecture. During the spraying of extinguishing liquid by the high-pressure jetting device, if one of the multi-stage vector ducted fans experiences thrust attenuation or failure, the central processing unit will activate the emergency response system in real time. The emergency response system has the following functions: 1) The thrust and thrust direction of the remaining multi-stage vector ducted fans are redistributed to maintain the safe hovering and firefighting operations of the flying fire truck; 2) The flying fire truck is equipped with an emergency power unit, and each multi-stage vector ducted fan is equipped with a time-delayed lift supplementary force device.

6. A flying fire truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flying fire truck is equipped with a self-priming water device, which is configured to land automatically within a range of tens of meters to tens of kilometers from the water source and complete the refilling of fire extinguishing liquid or water; the refilling time does not exceed 10 minutes, and after the refilling is completed, it automatically returns to the fire scene to continue fire extinguishing operations.

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