An electrical fire-fighting management and control system based on an internet of things

Abstract

The application provides an electrical fire-fighting management and control system based on Internet of Things, and relates to the technical field of electrical fire-fighting management and control, comprising: a sensing layer, a network layer, a platform layer and an application layer which are sequentially communicated and connected, and each layer cooperatively realizes electrical equipment operation state monitoring, fire hazard early warning, fire-fighting linkage control and fire extinguishing agent spraying device. The electrical fire-fighting management and control system is arranged to assist the operation of the fire extinguishing agent spraying device. Thus, the technical problem that the prior art cannot monitor the state of electrical equipment in real time through manual inspection, is easily affected by human factors, and leads to missed detection or misjudgment, and that part of electrical equipment is installed with simple temperature monitoring devices, which cannot comprehensively detect the abnormal state of electrical equipment, and these devices only have an alarm function and cannot automatically take measures such as fire extinguishing or power-off when detecting an abnormality, and cannot effectively control the occurrence and spread of electrical fire, is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical fire protection control technology, specifically to an electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of technology, electrical equipment has been widely used in industrial production and daily life. The scale of electrical systems is constantly expanding, and the complexity of electrical equipment is also increasing. Electrical fire safety has become increasingly important. Electrical fires can not only cause huge economic losses but also endanger people's lives. Therefore, fire control of electrical equipment has become a key link in ensuring the safe operation of electrical systems. Related technologies are dedicated to improving the monitoring and control capabilities of electrical fire protection to reduce the risk of electrical fires and protect the safety of people and property.

[0003] In existing technologies, manual inspections are commonly used to address electrical fire safety management issues. Professional personnel periodically check electrical equipment for abnormal heating, short circuits, and other problems. However, manual inspections have limitations. They cannot monitor the status of electrical equipment in real time and are easily affected by human factors, leading to missed inspections or misjudgments. Furthermore, some electrical equipment is equipped with simple temperature monitoring devices that issue alarms when the temperature exceeds a set value. However, these devices can only monitor a single temperature parameter and cannot comprehensively detect abnormal conditions. Moreover, these devices often only have alarm functions and cannot automatically take measures such as fire extinguishing or power cut-off when abnormalities are detected, making it difficult to effectively control the occurrence and spread of electrical fires.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above situation, there is an urgent need to develop an electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an Internet of Things-based electrical fire protection control system to solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned above.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses an IoT-based electrical fire protection control system, comprising: a sensing layer, a network layer, a platform layer, and an application layer connected in sequence, wherein each layer collaborates to monitor the operating status of electrical equipment, provide early warning of fire hazards, implement fire-fighting linkage control, and control the application of fire extinguishing agents; wherein: The perception layer includes four types of sensor modules and a data acquisition unit. The sensor modules are used to collect operating parameters of electrical equipment and environmental status data. The data acquisition unit performs format standardization processing on the raw data output by the sensor modules. The network layer includes a communication adaptation unit and a multi-protocol transmission module. The communication adaptation unit is connected to the data acquisition unit of the perception layer. The multi-protocol transmission module selects the corresponding communication protocol according to the data type and transmission scenario to transmit standardized data to the platform layer. The platform layer includes: a data processing unit, an intelligent analysis unit, a linkage control unit, and a distributed storage unit. The data processing unit cleans and fuses the data transmitted from the network layer. The intelligent analysis unit constructs an equipment operation model based on the fused data and determines the risk level and the location of potential hazards. The linkage control unit generates control commands according to the risk level and links the fire extinguishing agent spraying device and other fire-fighting equipment. The distributed storage unit stores historical and real-time data. The application layer includes a user interaction unit and an early warning push unit. The user interaction unit is used to display device status, risk information and linkage records. The early warning push unit feeds back risk warnings, hazard locations and control commands to the user terminal through multiple channels.

[0007] Preferably, the extinguishing agent spraying device includes: an electrical cabinet, two sets of slide rail assemblies fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the rear side of the electrical cabinet, a flip-door cabinet door provided at the front end of the electrical cabinet, several ventilation holes provided on the inner wall of the bottom end of the electrical cabinet, an extinguishing agent installation box fixedly installed at the top end of the electrical cabinet, a second cabinet door fixedly installed at the left end of the extinguishing agent installation box, a fan assembly provided on the right end of the electrical cabinet of the extinguishing agent installation box, a partition one and a partition two respectively provided inside the electrical cabinet from top to bottom, and an installation plate fixedly installed at the front end of the partition one and the partition two, and an extinguishing agent spraying mechanism provided between the partition one and the partition two.

[0008] Preferably, the extinguishing agent spraying mechanism includes: a drive motor, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of a partition plate, and the output end of the drive motor is fixedly installed on one end of a rotating shaft, the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the top of a turntable, and a cam is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. The left and right ends of the cam are respectively engaged with two sets of pressurizing components. A short rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the turntable, and two sets of heat dissipation components are provided at the left and right ends of the short rod.

[0009] Preferably, the pressurization assembly includes: a pressurization box, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of a partition plate, and a piston is slidably connected to the pressurization box from left to right. A push rod is fixedly installed at one end of the piston near the rotating shaft, and the other end of the push rod passes through the pressurization box and is fixedly connected to a push plate. A return spring is sleeved on the push rod inside the pressurization box. One end of a connecting pipe is connected to the pressurization box, and the other end of the connecting pipe passes through the partition plate. One end of a second connecting pipe is connected to the pressurization box, and the other end of the second connecting pipe passes through the partition plate and is connected to the extinguishing agent installation box. The two connecting pipes are interconnected, and a control switch is also provided on the connecting pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the pressurization box, and the other end of the connecting pipe passes through the partition plate and is connected to the hollow pipe. The top end of the hollow pipe is rotatably connected to the partition plate, and the bottom end of the hollow pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the swing motor. The swing motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the electrical cabinet. Several nozzles are provided at the end of the hollow pipe near the center of the electrical cabinet. A backflow valve is provided on the connecting pipe, connecting pipe, and connecting pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the heat dissipation assembly includes: a support rod, one end of which is movably connected to a short rod, and the other end of which is movably connected to a rack. The rack is slidably connected to two sets of support plates, and the upper and lower ends of the support plates are fixedly connected to a pressure box and a partition plate 2, respectively. The rack is meshed with two sets of gears, and the gears are fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 2. The top end of the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the pressure box, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 2 passes through the partition plate 2 and is fixedly connected to a cooling fan. The rotating shafts 2 are connected to multiple sets of rotating shafts 3 via a belt assembly, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 3 passes through the partition plate 2 and is fixedly connected to a cooling fan. Electrical components are installed in the electrical cabinet at the bottom of the partition plate 2.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor module of the sensing layer includes: a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a smoke sensor, and a fault arc detector. The temperature sensor is a DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor, which is deployed at the heat-generating parts of electrical equipment and at line joints. The current sensor is an ACS712 module, which is connected in series in the main electrical line. The smoke sensor is an MQ-2 module, which is evenly distributed in the concentrated area of ​​electrical equipment. The fault arc detector is deployed in the power supply circuit of old lines and high-load equipment. The multi-protocol transmission module of the network layer includes an Ethernet unit, a Wi-Fi unit, and an NB-IoT unit. The Ethernet unit is used for high-capacity data transmission in fixed areas such as power distribution rooms, the Wi-Fi unit is used for indoor short-range mobile monitoring scenarios, and the NB-IoT unit is used for data transmission of remote areas and low-power sensors.

[0012] Preferably, the data processing unit of the platform layer includes: a noise filtering subunit and a multi-source fusion subunit; the noise filtering subunit uses a Kalman filter algorithm to denoise the temperature and current data, and a median filter algorithm to process the smoke sensor data; the multi-source fusion subunit constructs a fusion model based on DS evidence theory, performs evidence quantification and combined decision-making on the standardized data of different sensors, and outputs a comprehensive state assessment result.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent analysis unit of the platform layer includes a machine learning subunit and a deep learning subunit; the machine learning subunit uses a support vector machine algorithm to construct a normal or fault state classification model through a training set to identify the state of real-time electrical parameters; the deep learning subunit uses a convolutional neural network to extract features from monitoring images and identify fire features such as smoke and flames; the intelligent analysis unit cross-validates the output results of the two algorithms to determine the risk level and the location of potential hazards.

[0014] Preferably, the linkage control unit of the platform layer includes: a device communication interface and a logic decision subunit. The device communication interface supports RS-485 bus and CAN bus protocols and is connected to the fire extinguishing agent spraying device, the audible and visual alarm and the fire broadcast. The logical decision-making subunit executes linkage strategies according to the risk level: when a level 1 warning is issued, a local audible and visual alarm is activated; when a level 2 warning is issued, the power supply to the fault area is cut off and the fire broadcast is activated; when a level 3 warning is issued, the corresponding area's fire extinguishing device and the entire network alarm are triggered. The distributed storage unit uses the HDFS distributed file system to store historical monitoring data, and a MySQL database to store real-time parameters and device metadata. The storage unit supports scheduled data backup and anomaly recovery functions to ensure data integrity.

[0015] Preferably, the user interaction unit of the application layer includes: an APP and a PC; the APP supports real-time parameter chart display, early warning reception and remote control functions, and supports Android and iOS systems; the PC supports device management, permission configuration, report generation and linkage strategy editing, and provides fault statistics, trend analysis and linkage record query modules. The application layer's early warning push unit supports push channels such as APP pop-ups, SMS, telephone, and WeChat official accounts. Level 1 early warnings trigger reminders on the APP and PC, Level 2 early warnings add SMS push notifications, and Level 3 early warnings are superimposed with telephone dialing and emergency notifications on WeChat official accounts.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves a closed-loop process from data acquisition to decision execution through a layered design of perception layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer. The perception layer integrates multiple types of sensors to cover all elements of electrical fire monitoring, solving the problem of single monitoring dimensions in existing technologies. The platform layer integrates machine learning and deep learning to cross-validate risk levels, reducing the false alarm rate by more than 60% compared to traditional threshold alarms. The linkage control supports a three-level early warning strategy (audible and visual alarm → power failure broadcast → fire extinguishing device trigger), with a response speed three times faster than traditional systems. 2. This invention uses a swing motor to drive a hollow tube, and further uses a rotating nozzle to achieve multi-angle spraying, doubling the coverage area. Furthermore, the pressurization component is linked to a cam, allowing for automatic adjustment of the spray pressure according to the fire level (low-pressure spray for level one fire, high-pressure spray for level three fire), significantly improving fire extinguishing efficiency. This solves the problem that existing fire extinguishing agent spraying devices mostly use fixed nozzles, resulting in blind spots and an inability to dynamically adjust to the fire source location. 3. This invention links the heat dissipation component and the pressurization component, and drives the cooling fan through gear transmission to actively cool down while spraying the fire extinguishing agent, ensuring that the equipment can work continuously in a high-temperature environment of 85℃. Moreover, the design of the backflow valve prevents the fire extinguishing agent from flowing back and damaging the sensor, thereby extending the equipment's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a front view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the electrical cabinet of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the electrical cabinet of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the electrical cabinet of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the mechanism at point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Electrical cabinet; 2. Slide rail assembly; 3. Flip-door cabinet door; 4. Partition 1; 5. Partition 2; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Extinguishing agent installation box; 8. Cabinet door 2; 9. Drive motor 1; 10. Shaft 1; 11. Turntable; 12. Cam; 13. Short rod; 14. Pressure box; 15. Piston; 16. Push rod; 17. Push plate; 18. Return spring; 19. Connecting pipe 1; 20. Connecting pipe 2; 21. Connecting pipe 3; 22. Fan assembly; 23. Hollow tube; 24. Swing motor; 25. Nozzle; 26. Ventilation hole; 27. Support rod 1; 28. Rack; 29. ​​Support plate; 30. Shaft 2; 31. Cooling fan; 32. Shaft 3; 33. Electrical components; 34. Reverse flow valve; 35. Belt assembly; 36. Gear; 37. Control switch. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Furthermore, in this invention, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and does not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor is it intended to limit the invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions and features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If a combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0021] The present invention provides the following embodiments: Example 1

[0022] This invention provides an IoT-based electrical fire protection control system, comprising: a sensing layer, a network layer, a platform layer, and an application layer connected in sequence, wherein each layer collaborates to monitor the operating status of electrical equipment, provide early warning of fire hazards, implement fire-fighting linkage control, and control fire extinguishing agent spraying devices; wherein: The perception layer includes four types of sensor modules and a data acquisition unit. The sensor modules are used to collect operating parameters of electrical equipment and environmental status data. The data acquisition unit performs format standardization processing on the raw data output by the sensor modules. The network layer includes a communication adaptation unit and a multi-protocol transmission module. The communication adaptation unit is connected to the data acquisition unit of the perception layer. The multi-protocol transmission module selects the corresponding communication protocol according to the data type and transmission scenario to transmit standardized data to the platform layer. The platform layer includes: a data processing unit, an intelligent analysis unit, a linkage control unit, and a distributed storage unit. The data processing unit cleans and fuses the data transmitted from the network layer. The intelligent analysis unit constructs an equipment operation model based on the fused data and determines the risk level and the location of potential hazards. The linkage control unit generates control commands according to the risk level and links the fire extinguishing agent spraying device and other fire-fighting equipment. The distributed storage unit stores historical and real-time data. The application layer includes a user interaction unit and an early warning push unit. The user interaction unit is used to display device status, risk information and linkage records. The early warning push unit feeds back risk warnings, hazard locations and control commands to the user terminal through multiple channels.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: This invention, by setting up a sensing layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer that are sequentially connected in communication, achieves monitoring of the operating status of electrical equipment, early warning of fire hazards, and fire-fighting linkage through the collaboration of each layer, thereby assisting the operation of the fire extinguishing agent spraying device. This effectively improves upon the problems raised in the background technology: In existing technologies, manual inspection is usually used; however, manual inspection cannot monitor the status of electrical equipment in real time and is easily affected by human factors, leading to missed inspections or misjudgments; furthermore, some electrical equipment is equipped with simple temperature monitoring devices, which cannot comprehensively detect abnormal states of the electrical equipment. Moreover, these devices often only have alarm functions and cannot automatically take measures such as fire extinguishing or power cut-off when abnormalities are detected, making it difficult to effectively control the occurrence and spread of electrical fires. Example 2

[0024] Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, an IoT-based electrical fire control system includes an extinguishing agent spraying device comprising: an electrical cabinet 1, with two sets of sliding rail assemblies 2 fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the rear side of the electrical cabinet 1; a flip-door cabinet door 3 at the front end of the electrical cabinet 1; several ventilation holes 26 on the inner wall of the bottom end of the electrical cabinet 1; an extinguishing agent installation box 7 fixedly installed at the top end of the electrical cabinet 1; a second cabinet door 8 fixedly installed at the left end of the extinguishing agent installation box 7; a fan assembly 22 on the right end of the electrical cabinet 1; and partitions 4 and 5 arranged from top to bottom inside the electrical cabinet 1, with mounting plates 6 fixedly installed at the front ends of partitions 4 and 5. An extinguishing agent spraying mechanism is arranged between partitions 4 and 5.

[0025] Optionally, the extinguishing agent spraying mechanism includes: a drive motor 9, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the partition 4, and the output end of the drive motor 9 is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating shaft 10, the other end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable 11, and a cam 12 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 10. The left and right ends of the cam 12 are respectively engaged with two sets of pressurizing components. A short rod 13 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the turntable 11, and two sets of heat dissipation components are provided at the left and right ends of the short rod 13.

[0026] Optionally, the pressurization assembly includes: a pressurization box 14, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the partition 4, and a piston 15 is slidably connected inside the pressurization box 14. A push rod 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston 15 near the rotating shaft 10, and the other end of the push rod 16 passes through the pressurization box 14 and is fixedly connected to the push plate 17. A return spring 18 is sleeved on the push rod 16 inside the pressurization box 14. One end of the connecting pipe 19 is connected to the pressurization box 14, and the other end of the connecting pipe 19 passes through the partition 4. One end of the connecting pipe 20 is connected to the pressurization box 14, and the other end of the connecting pipe 20 passes through the partition 4 and is connected to the extinguishing agent installation box 7. The two connecting pipes 20 on both sides are connected to each other. A control switch 37 is also provided on the connecting pipe 20. One end of the connecting pipe 21 is connected to the pressurization box 14, and the other end of the connecting pipe 21 passes through the partition 25 and is connected to the hollow pipe 23. The top end of the hollow pipe 23 is rotatably connected to the partition 25, and the bottom end of the hollow pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the swing motor 24. The swing motor 24 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the electrical cabinet 1. Several nozzles 25 are provided at the end of the hollow pipe 23 near the center of the electrical cabinet 1. A backflow valve 34 is provided on the connecting pipe 19, the connecting pipe 20 and the connecting pipe 21.

[0027] Optionally, the heat dissipation assembly includes: a support rod 27, one end of which is movably connected to a short rod 13, and the other end of which is movably connected to a rack 28. The rack 28 is slidably connected to two sets of support plates 29, and the upper and lower ends of the support plates 29 are fixedly connected to a pressure box 14 and a partition plate 5, respectively. The rack 28 is meshed with two sets of gears 36, and the gears 36 are fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 30. The top end of the rotating shaft 30 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the pressure box 14, and the bottom end of the rotating shaft 30 passes through the partition plate 25 and is fixedly connected to a cooling fan 31. The rotating shafts 30 are connected to multiple sets of rotating shafts 32 via a belt assembly 35, and the bottom end of the rotating shafts 32 passes through the partition plate 25 and is fixedly connected to the cooling fan 31. Electrical components 33 are provided in the electrical cabinet 1 at the bottom of the partition plate 25.

[0028] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: When the electrical cabinet 1 is running normally, the fan assembly 22 will start, delivering external gas to the compartment at the top of the partition 4. At the same time, the drive motor 9 will start, which will drive the rotating shaft 10 to rotate. The rotating shaft 10 will drive the turntable 11 and cam 12 fixedly connected to it to rotate. The rotation of the cam 12 will periodically push the push plates 17 on both sides. When the left push plate 17 moves to the left under the action of the cam 12, it will drive the piston 15 to move to the left, thereby discharging the gas in the pressurization box 14 through the connecting pipe 21 and the hollow pipe 23 at the bottom, and then through several nozzles 25. When the cam 12 moves away from the left push plate 17, the push rod 16 moves to the right under the action of the return spring 18, delivering the gas inside the top of the partition 4 to the pressurization box 14 through the connecting pipe 19. Then, as the push rod 16 moves left and right, the gas in the pressurized box 14 is discharged through the connecting pipe 21 and several nozzles 25. At the same time, the swing motor 24 is started, which drives the hollow tube 23 to rotate, thereby changing the angle of the nozzles 25 and effectively cooling the surface of the electrical component 33. Meanwhile, under the rotation of the turntable 11, the short rod 13 is driven to make a circular motion. Then, under the action of the short rod 13, the support rod 27 is driven to move left and right. The movement of the support rod 27 drives the rack 28 connected to it to move left and right. The movement of the rack 28 drives the gear 36 meshing with it to rotate. The rotation of the gear 36 drives the rotating shaft 30 fixedly connected to it and the cooling fan 31 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 30 to rotate. Thus, under the action of the cooling fan 31, the surface of the electrical component 33 is subjected to secondary heat dissipation treatment. When the sensor module detects a fire in the electrical cabinet 1, it first shuts off the fan assembly 22 and then starts the control switch 37. This allows the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent storage box 7 to be transported through the connecting pipes 20 at both ends to the pressurization box 14. Then, under the action of the pressurization component, the agent is sprayed out through several nozzles 25 at the lower end to extinguish the fire on the electrical components 33. This is very convenient and practical.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The sliding rail assembly 2 facilitates the effective installation and removal of the electrical cabinet 1; the flip-door cabinet door 3 facilitates the opening and closing of the electrical cabinet 1, thereby enabling effective inspection of the internal components; the fire extinguishing agent storage box 7 facilitates the storage of fire extinguishing agents; the drive motor 9 and cam 12 facilitate the operation of the pressurization assembly; the turntable 11 and short rod 13 facilitate the effective operation of the bottom heat dissipation assembly; and the return spring 18 facilitates the operation of the piston 1. The device features a reset mechanism for component 5; the oscillating motor 24 and nozzle 25 facilitate the oscillation of nozzle 25, thereby dissipating heat or extinguishing fire on electrical components 33 at different locations within the electrical cabinet 1; the fan assembly 22 and ventilation holes 26 effectively dissipate heat from the electrical components 33 within the electrical cabinet 1 while simultaneously expelling hot air through several ventilation holes 26 at the bottom; the backflow valve 34 prevents backflow of cooling gas or extinguishing agent; and the control switch 37 controls the output of extinguishing agent in the extinguishing agent installation box 7, making it very convenient and practical. Example 3

[0030] Based on Examples 1-2, an Internet of Things-based electrical fire control system is provided. The sensor module of the sensing layer includes a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a smoke sensor, and a fault arc detector. The temperature sensor is a DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor, which is deployed at the heat-generating parts of electrical equipment and at line joints. The current sensor is an ACS712 module, which is connected in series in the main electrical line. The smoke sensor is an MQ-2 module, which is evenly distributed in the concentrated area of ​​electrical equipment. The fault arc detector is deployed in the power supply circuit of old lines and high-load equipment. The multi-protocol transmission module of the network layer includes an Ethernet unit, a Wi-Fi unit, and an NB-IoT unit. The Ethernet unit is used for high-capacity data transmission in fixed areas such as power distribution rooms, the Wi-Fi unit is used for indoor short-range mobile monitoring scenarios, and the NB-IoT unit is used for data transmission of remote areas and low-power sensors.

[0031] Optionally, the data processing unit of the platform layer includes: a noise filtering subunit and a multi-source fusion subunit; the noise filtering subunit uses a Kalman filter algorithm to denoise the temperature and current data, and uses a median filter algorithm to process the smoke sensor data; the multi-source fusion subunit constructs a fusion model based on DS evidence theory, performs evidence quantification and combined decision-making on the standardized data of different sensors, and outputs a comprehensive state assessment result.

[0032] Optionally, the intelligent analysis unit of the platform layer includes: a machine learning subunit and a deep learning subunit; the machine learning subunit uses the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to construct a normal or fault state classification model through the training set to identify the state of real-time electrical parameters; the deep learning subunit uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features from monitoring images and identify fire features such as smoke and flames; the intelligent analysis unit cross-validates the output results of the two algorithms to determine the risk level and the location of potential hazards.

[0033] Optionally, the linkage control unit of the platform layer includes: a device communication interface and a logic decision subunit. The device communication interface supports RS-485 bus and CAN bus protocols and is connected to the fire extinguishing agent spraying device, the audible and visual alarm and the fire broadcast. The logical decision-making subunit executes linkage strategies according to the risk level: when a level 1 warning is issued, a local audible and visual alarm is activated; when a level 2 warning is issued, the power supply to the fault area is cut off and the fire broadcast is activated; when a level 3 warning is issued, the corresponding area's fire extinguishing device and the entire network alarm are triggered. The distributed storage unit uses the HDFS distributed file system to store historical monitoring data, and a MySQL database to store real-time parameters and device metadata. The storage unit supports scheduled data backup and anomaly recovery functions to ensure data integrity.

[0034] Optionally, the user interaction unit of the application layer includes: an APP and a PC; the APP supports real-time parameter chart display, early warning reception and remote control functions, and supports Android and iOS systems; the PC supports device management, permission configuration, report generation and linkage strategy editing, and provides fault statistics, trend analysis and linkage record query modules. The application layer's early warning push unit supports push channels such as APP pop-ups, SMS, telephone, and WeChat official accounts. Level 1 early warnings trigger reminders on the APP and PC, Level 2 early warnings add SMS push notifications, and Level 3 early warnings are superimposed with telephone dialing and emergency notifications on WeChat official accounts.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By combining various types of sensor modules, electrical equipment and lines can be monitored from different dimensions. Temperature sensors are deployed at key heat-generating parts and line joints to obtain temperature information in real time and promptly detect potential overheating hazards; current sensors are connected in series in the main electrical circuit to accurately monitor current changes and prevent overload problems; smoke sensors are evenly distributed in areas where electrical equipment is concentrated to quickly detect smoke generation; and fault arc detectors are designed for aging lines and power supply circuits for high-load equipment to effectively detect fault arcs, comprehensively covering various potential risks in electrical fire protection and improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of monitoring. Support for multiple transmission protocols allows the system to flexibly select the transmission method according to actual needs and site environment, enhancing the system's flexibility and scalability, facilitating system deployment and maintenance, and reducing construction and operation costs; Through the processing of multiple algorithms by the intelligent analysis unit, the risk level of electrical systems and the environment can be accurately determined, and the location of potential hazards can be precisely pinpointed. This helps to take timely and targeted measures for hazard investigation and mitigation, prevent fire accidents, and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of electrical fire protection management. The logical decision-making subunit executes different linkage strategies according to the risk level. This hierarchical linkage strategy can take corresponding measures according to the severity of the risk, which can not only remind people to pay attention to the risk in a timely manner, but also take effective fire extinguishing and evacuation measures quickly when the risk is serious, so as to minimize fire losses. By setting up user interaction units and early warning push units, this multi-channel, tiered early warning push method can ensure that early warning information is delivered to relevant personnel in a timely and accurate manner. Regardless of the user's state or scenario, they can receive early warning information in a timely manner and take corresponding measures, thereby improving the system's early warning effect and emergency response capability, making it very convenient and practical.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, include: The sensing layer, network layer, platform layer, and application layer are sequentially connected through communication. These layers work together to monitor the operating status of electrical equipment, provide early warning of fire hazards, implement fire-fighting linkage control, and control fire extinguishing agent spraying devices. Among these: The perception layer includes four types of sensor modules and a data acquisition unit. The sensor modules are used to collect operating parameters of electrical equipment and environmental status data. The data acquisition unit performs format standardization processing on the raw data output by the sensor modules. The network layer includes a communication adaptation unit and a multi-protocol transmission module. The communication adaptation unit is connected to the data acquisition unit of the perception layer. The multi-protocol transmission module selects the corresponding communication protocol according to the data type and transmission scenario to transmit standardized data to the platform layer. The platform layer includes: a data processing unit, an intelligent analysis unit, a linkage control unit, and a distributed storage unit. The data processing unit cleans and fuses the data transmitted from the network layer. The intelligent analysis unit constructs an equipment operation model based on the fused data and determines the risk level and the location of potential hazards. The linkage control unit generates control commands according to the risk level and links the fire extinguishing agent spraying device and other fire-fighting equipment. The distributed storage unit stores historical and real-time data. The application layer includes a user interaction unit and an early warning push unit. The user interaction unit is used to display device status, risk information and linkage records. The early warning push unit feeds back risk warnings, hazard locations and control commands to the user terminal through multiple channels.

2. The electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing agent spraying device includes: an electrical cabinet (1), two sets of slide rail assemblies (2) are fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the rear side of the electrical cabinet (1), a flip-door cabinet door (3) is provided at the front end of the electrical cabinet (1), several ventilation holes (26) are provided on the inner wall of the bottom end of the electrical cabinet (1), a fire extinguishing agent installation box (7) is fixedly installed at the top end of the electrical cabinet (1), a cabinet door (8) is fixedly installed at the left end of the fire extinguishing agent installation box (7), a fan assembly (22) is provided on the electrical cabinet (1) at the right end of the fire extinguishing agent installation box (7), a partition (4) and a partition (5) are respectively provided inside the electrical cabinet (1) from top to bottom, and an installation plate (6) is fixedly installed at the front end of the partition (4) and the partition (5), and a fire extinguishing agent spraying mechanism is provided between the partition (4) and the partition (5).

3. The electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing agent spraying mechanism includes: a drive motor (9), which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the partition (4), and the output end of the drive motor (9) is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating shaft (10), and the other end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable (11). A cam (12) is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft (10), and the left and right ends of the cam (12) are respectively engaged with two sets of pressurizing components. A short rod (13) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the turntable (11), and two sets of heat dissipation components are provided at the left and right ends of the short rod (13).

4. The electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressurization assembly includes: a pressurization box (14), which is fixedly installed at the bottom of partition one (4), and a piston (15) is slidably connected to the pressurization box (14) from left to right. A push rod (16) is fixedly installed at one end of the piston (15) near the rotating shaft one (10), and the other end of the push rod (16) passes through the pressurization box (14) and is fixedly connected to the push plate (17). A return spring (18) is sleeved on the push rod (16) inside the pressurization box (14). One end of the connecting pipe one (19) is connected to the pressurization box (14), and the other end of the connecting pipe one (19) passes through partition one (4). One end of the connecting pipe two (20) is connected to the pressurization box (14), and the other end of the connecting pipe two (20) passes through partition one (4) and is connected to the extinguishing agent installation box (7). The two connecting pipes (20) are connected to each other. A control switch (37) is also provided on the connecting pipe (20). One end of the connecting pipe (21) is connected to the pressurization box (14). The other end of the connecting pipe (21) passes through the partition plate (5) and is connected to the hollow pipe (23). The top end of the hollow pipe (23) is rotatably connected to the partition plate (5). The bottom end of the hollow pipe (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the swing motor (24). The swing motor (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bottom end of the electrical cabinet (1). Several nozzles (25) are provided at one end of the hollow pipe (23) near the center of the electrical cabinet (1). A counterflow valve (34) is provided on the connecting pipe (19), the connecting pipe (20) and the connecting pipe (21).

5. An electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat dissipation assembly includes: a support rod (27), one end of which is movably connected to a short rod (13), and the other end of which is movably connected to a rack (28). The rack (28) is slidably connected to two sets of support plates (29), and the upper and lower ends of the support plates (29) are fixedly connected to a pressure box (14) and a partition plate (5), respectively. The rack (28) is meshed with two sets of gears (36), and the gears (36) are fixedly connected to a rotating shaft. On the second (30), the top end of the second (30) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the pressure box (14), and the bottom end of the second (30) passes through the second partition (5) and is fixedly connected to the cooling fan (31). The second (30) is connected to multiple sets of third (32) through the belt assembly (35). The bottom end of the third (32) passes through the second partition (5) and is fixedly connected to the cooling fan (31). Electrical components (33) are provided in the electrical cabinet (1) at the bottom of the second partition (5).

6. The electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor module of the sensing layer includes a temperature sensor, a current sensor, a smoke sensor, and a fault arc detector. The temperature sensor is a DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor, which is deployed at the heat-generating parts of electrical equipment and at line joints. The current sensor is an ACS712 module, which is connected in series in the main electrical circuit. The smoke sensor is an MQ-2 module, which is evenly distributed in the concentrated area of ​​electrical equipment. The fault arc detector is deployed in the power supply circuit of old lines and high-load equipment. The multi-protocol transmission module of the network layer includes an Ethernet unit, a Wi-Fi unit, and an NB-IoT unit. The Ethernet unit is used for high-capacity data transmission in fixed areas of the power distribution room, the Wi-Fi unit is used for indoor short-range mobile monitoring scenarios, and the NB-IoT unit is used for data transmission of remote areas and low-power sensors.

7. The electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing unit of the platform layer includes a noise filtering subunit and a multi-source fusion subunit. The noise filtering subunit uses the Kalman filter algorithm to denoise the temperature and current data and the median filter algorithm to process the smoke sensor data. The multi-source fusion subunit constructs a fusion model based on the DS evidence theory, performs evidence quantification and combination decision-making on the standardized data of different sensors, and outputs a comprehensive state assessment result.

8. An electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent analysis unit of the platform layer includes a machine learning subunit and a deep learning subunit. The machine learning subunit uses the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm to construct a normal or fault state classification model through the training set and perform state identification of real-time electrical parameters. The deep learning subunit uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) to extract features from monitoring images and identify smoke, flame, and fire characteristics. The intelligent analysis unit cross-validates the output results of the two algorithms to determine the risk level and the location of potential hazards.

9. An electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage control unit of the platform layer includes: a device communication interface and a logic decision subunit. The device communication interface supports RS-485 bus and CAN bus protocols and is connected to the fire extinguishing agent spraying device, audible and visual alarm and fire broadcast. The logical decision-making subunit executes linkage strategies according to the risk level: when a level 1 warning is issued, a local audible and visual alarm is activated; when a level 2 warning is issued, the power supply to the fault area is cut off and the fire broadcast is activated; when a level 3 warning is issued, the corresponding area's fire extinguishing device and the entire network alarm are triggered. The distributed storage unit uses the HDFS distributed file system to store historical monitoring data, and a MySQL database to store real-time parameters and device metadata. The storage unit supports scheduled data backup and anomaly recovery functions to ensure data integrity.

10. An electrical fire protection control system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user interaction unit of the application layer includes: APP and PC. The APP supports real-time parameter chart display, early warning reception and remote control functions, and supports Android and iOS systems. The PC supports device management, permission configuration, report generation and linkage strategy editing, and provides fault statistics, trend analysis and linkage record query modules. The application layer's early warning push unit supports push channels such as APP pop-ups, SMS, telephone, and WeChat official accounts. Level 1 early warnings trigger reminders on the APP and PC, Level 2 early warnings add SMS push notifications, and Level 3 early warnings are superimposed with telephone dialing and emergency notifications on WeChat official accounts.

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