An intelligent grip strength training monitoring system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent grip training monitoring systems, the intelligent grip training monitoring system includes elastic main body, two display screens, circuit control panel, two display screens are respectively symmetrically set to the surface of elastic main body;Circuit control panel is set to the inside of elastic main body, and circuit control panel includes power module, main control module, grip acquisition module, prompt module, motion posture sensor, display drive module;Main control module is single-chip microcomputer, and its inside is integrated with data storage unit, for storing grip threshold value and training data;Main control module compares the real-time grip value received with grip threshold value, and according to the comparison result, effective training count is carried out.The application can accurately measure the intensity of each grip of the user by the grip acquisition module, and the main control module compares the real-time grip value with the personalized grip threshold value stored in the data storage unit.Only when the grip reaches or exceeds the threshold value, it is recorded as an effective training frequency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices and rehabilitation training technology, specifically to an intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) and implantable venous access ports (IVAPs) are currently widely used long-term intravenous access devices in clinical practice, providing safe and reliable infusion routes for cancer chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition support, and long-term intravenous medication. Compared to traditional central venous catheters (CVCs), PICCs and IVAPs have significant advantages such as ease of operation, longer indwelling time (up to several months to over a year), convenient use, and high patient acceptance. In recent years, with the deepening of the national policy of centralized procurement of high-value medical consumables, the cost of using PICCs and IVAP-related consumables has been significantly reduced, further promoting their widespread application in primary healthcare institutions and among a broad patient population. More and more cancer patients and other patients requiring long-term intravenous therapy are thus benefiting, gaining access to safer and more economical intravenous access options.

[0003] However, with the significant increase in the use of PICC and IVAP, the absolute number of related complications has also increased. Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is one of the most common complications in patients with PICC and IVAP. Clinical statistics show that the incidence of CRT in PICC patients ranges from 5% to 30%, and is even higher in some high-risk groups. CRT formation can lead to swelling, pain, and dysfunction in the limb on the insertion side. In severe cases, it can cause life-threatening complications such as pulmonary embolism due to thrombus detachment, forcing extubation and interruption of treatment. This significantly prolongs hospital stays, increases medical costs, and exacerbates the economic burden on patients' families and society, while also severely impacting patient treatment adherence and quality of life.

[0004] The formation mechanism of catheter-related thrombosis (CVT) is mainly related to three factors, namely Virchow's triad: endothelial injury, slowed blood flow or blood stasis, and hypercoagulable state. Among these, endothelial injury caused by the catheter placement procedure and the catheter itself is an iatrogenic factor, while hypercoagulable state is related to the patient's primary disease (such as malignancy) and medications used for treatment; both of these have limitations in clinical intervention. However, obstructed blood return and blood stasis in the limb on the catheter-inserted side are the most important and modifiable factors. Clinical research and practice have fully demonstrated that regular and moderate fist-clenching exercises and upper limb functional training can effectively activate the "muscle pump" function of the forearm and upper arm, significantly promote venous blood return in the limb on the catheter-inserted side, reduce blood stasis, and thus lower the risk of CVT.

[0005] Based on the above understanding, clinical practice routinely recommends upper limb functional exercises on the catheter-side for patients with PICC / IVAP catheters. These exercises mainly include fist-clenching exercises, wrist rotation exercises, and arm extension and lateral extension exercises. Among these, ball-grip exercises are the most basic and commonly used method, typically using ordinary sponge balls, rubber balls, or grip rings as training tools. Repeated gripping and relaxing promotes blood return. However, this traditional ball-grip exercise method has the following problems in actual clinical application:

[0006] 1) Traditional ball-grip exercises rely entirely on the patient's subjective feeling, making it impossible to objectively measure and record the patient's grip strength and duration. Two common scenarios arise in clinical practice: First, some patients are afraid to exert force due to concerns about catheter displacement, puncture site pain, or excessive tension, resulting in a fist strength far below the muscle contraction threshold required to promote venous return, rendering the exercise ineffective and merely a formality. Second, some patients exert excessive force due to the lack of objective reference standards, potentially leading to puncture site bleeding, catheter displacement, or even further damage to the vascular endothelium. Because of the lack of precise grip strength measurement and feedback methods, medical staff cannot assess whether patients have reached an effective exercise intensity, and patients cannot obtain objective exercise feedback, making it difficult to guarantee the quality and effectiveness of the exercise.

[0007] 2) Traditional ball-grip exercises focus only on the fist-clenching motion itself. However, standardized upper limb functional training programs for patients with catheters in clinical practice include not only fist-clenching exercises but also multi-dimensional joint movements such as wrist rotation, arm extension, and lateral extension. These movements engage different muscle groups and promote venous blood return in a wider area. However, existing training tools lack the ability to detect and record postural parameters such as wrist rotation angle and arm extension range. Medical staff also cannot determine whether patients have completed the aforementioned auxiliary movements according to the standardized program, whether the range of motion is adequate, or whether the number of repetitions is sufficient. This makes it difficult to fully implement functional training programs in practice.

[0008] 3) Traditional ball-grip exercises rely entirely on patient self-discipline, with no objective recording of core parameters such as training time, repetitions, and intensity. On the one hand, patients lack supervision and motivation during daily home exercises, easily failing to adhere to regular training due to subjective factors or forgetfulness, resulting in generally low compliance. On the other hand, medical staff cannot objectively understand whether patients have completed the prescribed training tasks on time and in the required quantity, making it difficult to promptly identify patients with poor compliance and provide effective intervention. Poor training compliance directly affects the prevention of catheter-related thrombosis, representing a significant challenge currently faced in clinical practice. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system that can accurately measure grip strength, standardize training rhythm, monitor upper limb auxiliary movements, automatically record training data, realize the precision, standardization and monitorability of upper limb functional training for patients with catheters, effectively prevent catheter-related thrombosis, and has important clinical significance and application value.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] An intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system includes an elastic body, two displays, and a circuit control board. The two displays are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the elastic body, displaying time information and grip strength information respectively. The circuit control board is located inside the elastic body and includes a power module, a main control module, a grip strength acquisition module, a prompting module, a motion posture sensor, and a display driver module. The power output terminal of the power module is electrically connected to the power input terminals of the main control module, grip strength acquisition module, motion posture sensor, prompting module, display driver module, and the two displays, providing operating voltage to each module. The grip strength acquisition module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to detect the grip strength applied by the user to the elastic body in real time and convert the physical grip strength into... The signal is converted to an electrical signal and transmitted to the main control module; the motion posture sensor is communicatively connected to the main control module to detect the user's upper limb motion posture parameters and transmit them to the main control module; the prompting module is electrically connected to the main control module and driven by the main control module to issue prompt signals; the communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to wirelessly transmit training data to an external terminal device; the display driving module is electrically connected to the main control module and two display screens respectively, and is used to receive instructions from the main control module and drive the two display screens to display; the main control module is a microcontroller with an integrated data storage unit for storing grip strength thresholds and training data; the main control module compares the received real-time grip strength value with the grip strength threshold and performs effective training counting based on the comparison result.

[0012] Furthermore, the main control module is configured to determine the user's maximum grip strength value based on the signal from the grip strength acquisition module in calibration mode, set an effective grip strength threshold based on the maximum grip strength value, and store the effective grip strength threshold in the data storage unit; when the real-time grip strength value detected by the grip strength acquisition module reaches or exceeds the effective grip strength threshold, the main control module records an effective grip strength count.

[0013] Furthermore, the main control module is configured to set and store the holding time and release time. When the holding time or release time reaches a preset value, the main control module controls the prompting module to issue a prompt signal. The preset value of the holding time is 1 to 10 seconds, and the preset value of the release time is 1 to 10 seconds.

[0014] Furthermore, the grip force acquisition module includes a pressure sensing element and a signal processing circuit. The pressure sensing element is attached to the inner wall of the elastic body and is used to convert physical grip force into an electrical signal. The signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the pressure sensing element and is used to amplify and convert the electrical signal into an analog-to-digital signal before transmitting it to the main control module.

[0015] Furthermore, the signal processing circuit includes a pin header, which is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output port of the main control module; the pin header is used to detachably connect an external HX711 AD module, which, after being connected to the pin header, converts the physical gripping force into a digital electrical signal and transmits it to the main control module via the pin header.

[0016] Furthermore, the motion attitude sensor is an MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip. The serial clock pin and serial data pin of the MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip are respectively connected to the general-purpose input / output port of the main control module. The main control module reads the acceleration data and gyroscope data of the MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip by simulating the I2C bus timing through software, and is used to detect the left and right rotation angle of the wrist, the forward extension angle of the arm and / or the lateral extension angle of the arm.

[0017] Furthermore, the prompting module includes an alarm circuit and an indicator circuit, which are electrically connected to the main control module.

[0018] Furthermore, the alarm circuit includes a buzzer, a switching transistor, and a first resistor. The control terminal of the switching transistor is electrically connected to the first GPIO port of the main control module through the first resistor. The switching path of the switching transistor is connected in series with the buzzer between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal. The switching transistor is switched on and off in response to the drive signal output by the first GPIO port to drive the buzzer to emit an audible prompt signal.

[0019] Furthermore, the indicator circuit includes an LED indicator and a second resistor. The LED indicator is electrically connected to the second GPIO port of the main control module through the second resistor. The LED indicator lights up or turns off in response to the drive signal output by the second GPIO port to emit an optical prompt signal.

[0020] Furthermore, the communication module is any one or more of a Wi-Fi module and a ZigBee module.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system of this invention includes an elastic body, two displays, and a circuit control board. The two displays are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the elastic body, respectively displaying time information and grip strength information. The circuit control board is located inside the elastic body and includes a power module, a main control module, a grip strength acquisition module, a prompting module, a motion posture sensor, and a display driver module. The main control module is a microcontroller with an integrated data storage unit for storing grip strength thresholds and training data. The main control module compares the received real-time grip strength value with the grip strength threshold and performs effective training counts based on the comparison result. This invention can accurately measure the user's grip strength each time through the grip strength acquisition module. The main control module compares the real-time grip strength value with the personalized grip strength threshold (preferably 80% of the user's maximum grip strength value) stored in the data storage unit. Only when the grip strength reaches or exceeds the threshold is it recorded as a valid training count. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the main control module, communication module, and signal processing circuit in the circuit control board of this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the motion attitude sensor in the circuit control board of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the prompt module in the circuit control board of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the display module in the circuit control board of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the power module in the circuit control board of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure, there is an elastic body 1, an arc-shaped part 11, a first display screen 2, a second display screen 3, a circuit control board 4, and a pressure sensing element 5. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1-7As shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, an intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system is provided. This system includes an elastic body 1, two displays, and a circuit control board 4. The two displays are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the elastic body 1, respectively displaying time information and grip strength information. The circuit control board 4 is disposed inside the elastic body 1 and includes a power module, a main control module, a grip strength acquisition module, a prompting module, a motion posture sensor, and a display driving module. The power output terminal of the power module is electrically connected to the power input terminals of the main control module, the grip strength acquisition module, the motion posture sensor, the prompting module, the display driving module, and the two displays, respectively, to provide operating voltage to each of the above modules. The grip strength acquisition module is electrically connected to the main control module and is used to detect the grip strength applied by the user in real time. The grip force on the main body 1 is converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to the main control module. A posture sensor is communicatively connected to the main control module to detect and transmit the user's upper limb movement posture parameters. A prompting module is electrically connected to and driven by the main control module to issue prompt signals. A communication module is electrically connected to the main control module and wirelessly transmits training data to an external terminal device. A display driving module is electrically connected to both the main control module and two display screens to receive instructions from the main control module and drive the two display screens to display data. The main control module is a microcontroller with an integrated data storage unit for storing grip force thresholds and training data. The main control module compares the received real-time grip force value with the grip force threshold and performs effective training counting based on the comparison result. The elastic main body 1 is made of elastic material, serving as the core force-bearing component and providing training resistance through elastic rebound. In this embodiment, the elastic body 1 has an arc-shaped portion 11 for easy gripping by the patient. The elastic body 1 is made of medical-grade silicone material with a Shore A hardness of 30-50A and a diameter of 5-8cm, suitable for natural gripping by an adult hand. Silicone material has excellent biocompatibility, elasticity, and durability; it is non-toxic and odorless, suitable for long-term skin contact. Two displays are disposed on the surface of the elastic body 1, used to display time information and grip strength information respectively. The arrangement of two displays allows time information and grip strength information to be displayed simultaneously and independently, allowing the user to easily monitor training time and effort levels during training. Preferably, the two displays include a first display 2 for displaying time information and a second display 3 for displaying grip strength values. The displays are preferably e-ink screens or low-power liquid crystal displays.

[0033] In other embodiments, an anti-slip surface layer may be provided on the surface of the elastic body 1. The anti-slip surface layer may be one or more of the following: a textured layer, a frosted layer, or a dot matrix layer. The anti-slip surface layer is integrally formed with the elastic body 1, which effectively increases the friction between the palm and the elastic body 1 and prevents slippage during training.

[0034] In this embodiment, the main control module uses an STC89C51 microcontroller. The main control module receives signals from each module and issues control commands. This STC89C51 microcontroller has a built-in timing unit (timer / counter) for accurately measuring grip and release times; it also has a built-in data storage unit (EEPROM, which can be read and written via IAP) for storing grip strength thresholds, training parameters, and training data. This invention can accurately measure the force of each grip by the user through the grip strength acquisition module. The main control module compares the real-time grip strength value with the personalized grip strength threshold (preferably 80% of the user's maximum grip strength) stored in the data storage unit. Only when the grip strength reaches or exceeds this threshold is it recorded as a valid training session. This mechanism fundamentally solves the blind spot problem of traditional grip strength training: "unknown force magnitude and unknown effectiveness." On the one hand, it motivates patients to train with sufficient force, ensuring that each fist clench achieves the muscle contraction strength required to promote venous blood return, avoiding ineffective training due to insufficient force. On the other hand, it prevents patients from overexerting themselves, avoiding puncture site bleeding, catheter displacement, or vascular endothelial damage caused by excessive force. Through precise quantitative control, the effectiveness and safety of grip strength training are significantly improved, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of catheter-related thrombosis. Simultaneously, because patients can see their grip strength values ​​and effective repetitions in real time, training motivation and compliance are also significantly enhanced.

[0035] This invention achieves power-off retention of grip strength thresholds and training parameters (grip time, release time, angle thresholds, etc.) by configuring a data storage unit (i.e., built-in EEPROM) in the main control module. After the patient completes the threshold setting for the first time, they can use the device directly each time it is turned on, without the need for repeated settings. This design greatly simplifies the patient's operation process, improves the ease of use of the device, and enhances patient compliance. Simultaneously, all data during the training process (real-time grip strength values, effective repetitions, posture movement data, training time, etc.) can be automatically stored in the data storage unit, ensuring data integrity and traceability.

[0036] The main control module is configured to measure the user's maximum grip strength value based on the signal from the grip strength acquisition module in calibration mode, set an effective grip strength threshold based on the maximum grip strength value, and store the effective grip strength threshold in the data storage unit; when the real-time grip strength value detected by the grip strength acquisition module reaches or exceeds the effective grip strength threshold, the main control module records an effective grip strength count.

[0037] In this embodiment, the effective grip strength threshold is 50% to 95% of the maximum grip strength, and preferably 80% of the maximum grip strength; the threshold setting logic of the main control module is as follows:

[0038] First, enter the calibration mode. The user grips the elastic body three times with maximum force. The main control module takes the maximum value of the three peak values ​​as the maximum grip force value (MVC).

[0039] The main control module then automatically calculates the effective grip strength threshold, which is MVC × 80%. To facilitate fast integer comparison by the microcontroller U1, this threshold is converted into the corresponding HX711 ADC digital threshold and stored in the data storage unit. In daily training mode, the main control module compares the current AD value with the threshold AD value in real time. If the current value is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is counted as one effective grip strength count.

[0040] The main control module is configured to set and store the holding time and release time. When the holding time or release time reaches the preset value, the main control module controls the prompting module to issue a prompt signal. The preset value for the holding time is 1~10 seconds, and the preset value for the release time is 1~10 seconds.

[0041] When the holding or releasing time reaches the corresponding preset value, the main control module controls the prompting module to issue a prompt signal. This setting can be achieved through various means, such as via physical buttons, a touchscreen, or by receiving setting instructions from external terminal devices through a communication module.

[0042] In its specific implementation, the grip force acquisition module includes a pressure sensing element 5 and a signal processing circuit. The pressure sensing element 5 is fitted onto the inner wall of the elastic body 1 to convert physical grip force into an electrical signal. The signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the pressure sensing element 5 and amplifies and converts the electrical signal from analog to digital before transmitting it to the main control module. The signal processing circuit includes a pin header, which is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output port of the main control module. The pin header is used to detachably connect an external HX711 AD module. After the external HX711 AD module is connected to the pin header, it converts the physical grip force into a digital electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the main control module via the pin header. In this embodiment, the pressure sensing element 5 is preferably a thin-film pressure sensor. The thin-film pressure sensor (such as the FSR-402 type or a similar piezoresistive thin-film sensor) is a flexible, thin-film sensing element based on the piezoresistive effect. The thin-film pressure sensor is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the arc-shaped portion 11 of the elastic body 1. When the user grips the elastic body 1, the gripping force is directly transmitted to the surface of the thin-film pressure sensor, causing a corresponding change in the resistance value of the thin-film pressure sensor. The lead-out electrodes of the thin-film pressure sensor are electrically connected to the signal processing circuit via flexible wires. In this embodiment, the pin header is pin header CON4, which is used to detachably connect an external HX711 AD module. The HX711 AD module applies a reference voltage to the sensor through its internal constant voltage source, converting the resistance change of the thin-film pressure sensor into a corresponding differential voltage signal change, which is then converted into a high-precision digital signal by the signal processing circuit. The external HX711 AD module is an independent pluggable daughterboard, which integrates an HX711 type high-precision 24-bit analog-to-digital converter chip and supporting peripheral circuits. The HX711 high-precision 24-bit analog-to-digital converter chip incorporates a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and is specifically designed for acquiring weak signals from bridge pressure sensors and piezoresistive sensors. The HX711 AD module is detachably connected to the pin header CON4 on the circuit control board 4 via its built-in pin header. Pins 2 and 3 of the pin header CON4 are electrically connected to the two general-purpose input / output ports of the main control module (corresponding to pins 3 and 4 of the microcontroller U1), respectively. When the external HX711 AD module is connected to the pin header CON4, the converted digital signal is output via the DOUT pin and transmitted through the pin header CON4 to the two general-purpose input / output ports of the main control module (corresponding to pins 3 and 4 of the microcontroller U1).

[0043] This invention designs the HX711 AD module as a detachable structure. When the HX711 AD module malfunctions, it is not necessary to replace the entire circuit control board 4; simply removing the faulty module and replacing it with a new HX711 AD module restores normal operation, significantly reducing maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the use of the HX711 AD module accurately captures minute changes in grip force, ensuring the accuracy and stability of grip force measurement. This modular design also facilitates subsequent upgrades to higher-precision signal processing circuits.

[0044] The main control module is configured to measure the user's maximum grip strength in calibration mode. The specific process is as follows:

[0045] Upon first use, the system automatically enters calibration mode. The user grips the elastic body 1 with maximum effort for approximately 3-5 seconds. The main control module continuously reads data from the grip force acquisition module at a sampling rate of 100Hz, recording the maximum peak value during this gripping process. After a 30-second rest, the above process is repeated, collecting data at least 3 times. The main control module takes the maximum value among the multiple peak values ​​as the user's maximum grip force (MVC).

[0046] Subsequently, the main control module automatically calculates the effective grip strength threshold: Effective grip strength threshold = Maximum grip strength value × 80%. For example, if the measured maximum grip strength value is 30kg, then the effective grip strength threshold is set to 24kg. This threshold is automatically stored in the data storage unit and is not lost when power is off.

[0047] The motion attitude sensor of this invention is an MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip. The serial clock pin and serial data pin of the MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip are respectively connected to the general-purpose input / output ports of the main control module. The main control module reads the acceleration data and gyroscope data of the MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip by simulating the I2C bus timing through software, and is used to detect the left and right rotation angle of the wrist, the forward extension angle of the arm and / or the lateral extension angle of the arm.

[0048] The main control module counts effective posture movements based on the comparison between the angle value detected by the motion posture sensor and the preset angle threshold stored in the data storage unit. When the detected angle value reaches or exceeds the preset angle threshold, the main control module records one effective posture movement count. The angle thresholds include the wrist left and right rotation angle threshold, the arm forward extension angle threshold, and / or the arm lateral extension angle threshold.

[0049] In this embodiment, the motion posture sensor preferably uses a six-axis inertial measurement unit chip U4, model MPU6050. This six-axis inertial measurement unit chip U4 integrates a three-axis MEMS accelerometer and a three-axis MEMS gyroscope, which can acquire three-axis acceleration signals and three-axis angular velocity signals during the user's upper limb movements in real time.

[0050] The serial clock pin (pin 23) and serial data pin (pin 24) of the MPU6050 chip U4 are electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output ports of the main control module (corresponding to pins 12 and 13 of the microcontroller U1), respectively. The main control module communicates with the MPU6050 chip through software simulation of the I2C bus timing. Furthermore, the SCL and SDA signal lines are connected to the positive power supply via pull-up resistors SCL, SCL2, and SDA, respectively, to ensure that the I2C bus remains high in the idle state.

[0051] The main control module uses software to simulate the I2C protocol and reads the accelerometer register (addresses 0x3B~0x40) and gyroscope register (addresses 0x43~0x48) inside the MPU6050 at a preset sampling frequency (e.g., 100Hz) to obtain raw motion data. Specifically, the main control module controls the output high and low levels and input state switching of the general-purpose input / output ports through programming. It strictly follows the start conditions, stop conditions, data bit transmission, and acknowledge bit timing of the I2C protocol, encapsulating them into standard I2C read / write functions (including start signal function, stop signal function, byte send function, and byte receive function). These functions are called cyclically by the main program of the main control module, thereby realizing the reading of data from the internal registers of the MPU6050 chip.

[0052] The main control module has a built-in attitude calculation algorithm. This algorithm inputs the raw acceleration and angular velocity data into a complementary filtering fusion algorithm (or an extended Kalman filter algorithm) to perform sensor data fusion, so as to eliminate the cumulative drift error of a single sensor (such as a gyroscope) and the noise interference of the accelerometer, thereby calculating the Euler angles of the user's upper limbs in three-dimensional space, including pitch, roll and yaw.

[0053] Based on the above Euler angles, the main control module identifies the user's upper limb movement posture according to the following correspondence:

[0054] When the change in yaw angle reaches a preset angle threshold, it is determined to be a left-right rotation of the wrist.

[0055] When the change in pitch reaches a preset angle threshold, it is determined to be an arm extension or arm raising action;

[0056] When the change in roll angle reaches a preset angle threshold, it is determined to be an arm extension or arm abduction movement.

[0057] The main control module compares the real-time calculated angle values ​​with pre-stored angle thresholds in the data storage unit (e.g., a left-right rotation threshold of 30°, a forward extension threshold of 45°, and a lateral extension threshold of 30°). When the real-time detected angle change value reaches or exceeds the corresponding angle threshold, the main control module records a valid posture movement count. This invention, through a built-in motion posture sensor, can accurately detect the left-right rotation angle of the wrist, the forward extension angle of the arm, and the lateral extension angle of the arm, and count the effective number of repetitions based on preset angle thresholds. This technical solution achieves comprehensive monitoring of all movement items (fist clenching, wrist rotation, arm forward extension, and arm lateral extension) in the standardized training program for patients with catheters, filling the gap in existing technologies where assisted movements cannot be objectively quantified. While patients use the elastic body for fist clenching training, the elastic body can automatically identify and record whether their wrist rotation and arm extension movements meet the standards, truly achieving comprehensive and standardized management of upper limb functional exercises.

[0058] The prompting module of this invention includes an alarm circuit and an indicator circuit, which are electrically connected to the main control module. The alarm circuit includes a buzzer, a switching transistor, and a first resistor. The control terminal of the switching transistor is electrically connected to the first GPIO port of the main control module through the first resistor. The switching path of the switching transistor is connected in series with the buzzer between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal. The switching transistor turns on and off in response to the drive signal output from the first GPIO port to drive the buzzer to emit an acoustic prompting signal. The indicator circuit includes an LED indicator and a second resistor. The LED indicator is electrically connected to the second GPIO port of the main control module through the second resistor. The LED indicator lights up or turns off in response to the drive signal output from the second GPIO port to emit an optical prompting signal.

[0059] The alarm circuit and indicator circuit of this invention are used to emit acoustic and optical prompt signals, respectively. In this embodiment, the alarm circuit includes a buzzer B1, an NPN transistor Q1 (model 8050), and a first resistor R3. The base of transistor Q1 serves as the control terminal and is electrically connected to the first GPIO port of microcontroller U1 (corresponding to pin 1 of microcontroller U1, i.e., port P1.0) via the first resistor R3. One end of buzzer B1 is connected to the power supply terminal (VCC), and the other end of buzzer B1 is electrically connected to the collector of transistor Q1; the emitter of transistor Q1 is grounded (GND). When pin 1 of microcontroller U1 outputs a high-level signal, the first resistor R3 provides bias current to the base of transistor Q1, causing transistor Q1 to saturate and conduct, energizing buzzer B1 and emitting a sound; when pin 1 of microcontroller U1 outputs a low-level signal, transistor Q1 is cut off, and buzzer B1 stops emitting a sound. The indicator circuit includes an LED indicator D2 and a second resistor R5. The anode (positive terminal) of the LED indicator D2 is grounded (GND), and the cathode (negative terminal) of the LED indicator D2 is electrically connected to the second GPIO port of the microcontroller U1 (corresponding to pin 2 of the microcontroller U1, i.e., port P1.1) via the second resistor R5. When pin 2 of the microcontroller U1 outputs a low-level signal, current flows from the ground terminal through the LED indicator D2 (anode → cathode), and then through the second resistor R5 into the second GPIO port (i.e., the current is absorbed by the second GPIO port, commonly known as "current sinking"), and the LED indicator D2 is forward-biased and illuminates. When pin 2 outputs a high-level signal, there is no forward voltage difference across the LED indicator D2, and it is in the cutoff state, so the LED indicator D2 is off.

[0060] The alarm and indicator circuits described above are both driven by the first and second GPIO ports of the main control module (corresponding to pins 1 and 2 of the microcontroller U1). The main control module controls the level states of pins 1 and 2 according to preset grip and release times, causing buzzer B1 and LED indicator D2 to alternately emit acoustic and optical cue signals according to the training rhythm, guiding the user to complete the gripping and releasing actions according to the prescribed rhythm.

[0061] This invention, through the coordinated operation of the timing function of the main control module and the prompting module, can precisely control the time of each grip and release (grip for 2 seconds, release for 2 seconds), replacing the traditional training method of random ball gripping without time rhythm control. The buzzer and LED indicator are driven by the microcontroller's GPIO, emitting clear sound and light signals according to a preset rhythm to prompt the user to switch grip and release actions at the appropriate times. Unified rhythm control ensures that each muscle contraction lasts long enough to squeeze the veins and push blood back, while simultaneously ensuring sufficient release time for the muscles to fully relax and the veins to refill, achieving the optimal "muscle pump" effect. Combined with setting the number of repetitions per set (30 times), the daily training frequency (once each in the morning, noon, and evening), and auxiliary activities for the upper limb on the catheter side, a complete standardized upper limb functional training program is formed. This standardized design makes training comparable between different patients, facilitating clinical research and program optimization, and also enabling unified guidance and quality control by medical staff.

[0062] In a specific implementation, the communication module can be any one or more of a Wi-Fi module, a ZigBee module, or an NFC module. The main control module receives setting instructions sent by external terminal devices through the communication module. These setting instructions include grip force threshold setting instructions, grip time setting instructions, release time setting instructions, and / or angle threshold setting instructions.

[0063] The main control module performs erase, write, and read operations on the internal data Flash sector through its internal IAP control registers (including the IAP command register, IAP address register, and IAP data register). Specifically, when training data needs to be stored, the main control module kernel first triggers an IAP erase instruction to erase the target sector to the "0xFF" state. Then, it sequentially writes the training time, grip strength threshold, real-time grip strength value, effective training count, posture motion data, and training completion status data into the IAP data Flash sector according to a preset data frame format. When historical data needs to be retrieved, the main control module reads the data from the corresponding address using an IAP read instruction. Since the aforementioned data Flash sector is a non-volatile storage medium, the stored training data will not be lost even if the intelligent grip elastic body is powered off.

[0064] The present invention also provides a grip strength training method for an intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system, the grip strength training method comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step S1) System calibration and threshold setting: Enter calibration mode. The user grips the elastic body 1 with maximum force several times. The grip force acquisition module records the maximum grip force value of each grip. The main control module takes the maximum value among multiple measurements as the user's maximum grip force value. The grip force threshold is calculated and set based on the maximum grip force value. The grip force threshold is 50% to 95% of the maximum grip force value. The grip force threshold is stored in the data storage unit of the main control module. Step S2) Setting training parameters: Set the grip time, release time, number of training sessions per set, daily training frequency, and the threshold values ​​for wrist left and right rotation angle, arm forward extension angle, and / or arm lateral extension angle. Store the above training parameters in the data storage unit.

[0066] Step S3) Grip strength training: The user holds the intelligent grip strength elastic body to train their grip strength. The grip strength acquisition module detects the grip strength value in real time and transmits it to the main control module.

[0067] Step S4) Grip timing and judgment: The main control module compares the real-time grip strength value with the grip strength threshold stored in the data storage unit. When the real-time grip strength value reaches or exceeds the grip strength threshold, the main control module records a valid grip strength count and starts timing the grip time. During the grip timing process, if the real-time grip strength value drops below the grip strength threshold, the grip timing is reset to zero and paused. The grip timing will restart when the real-time grip strength value reaches or exceeds the grip strength threshold again. When the accumulated grip time reaches a preset value, the prompting module issues a prompt signal.

[0068] Step S5) Release timing and judgment: When the real-time grip strength value is lower than the grip strength threshold, the main control module starts timing the release time; during the release timing process, if the real-time grip strength value reaches or exceeds the grip strength threshold again, the release timing is reset to zero and paused, and the release timing is restarted when the real-time grip strength value is lower than the grip strength threshold again; when the release time accumulates to a preset value, the prompting module issues a prompt signal.

[0069] Step S6) Stage switching and posture movement training: Repeat steps S3 to S5 until the preset number of sets and repetitions of grip strength training are completed; then enter the upper limb posture movement training stage, where the user performs upper limb posture movement training. The motion posture sensor detects the wrist left and right rotation angle, arm forward extension angle and / or arm lateral extension angle in real time. The main control module compares the detected angle values ​​with the preset angle thresholds stored in the data storage unit. When the detected angle value reaches or exceeds the preset angle threshold, the main control module records a valid posture movement count.

[0070] Step S7) Data storage and transmission: The training data is stored in the data storage unit and transmitted to the terminal device through the communication module;

[0071] Step S8) Data analysis and program adjustment: The terminal device performs statistical analysis and visualization on the received training data and generates a training report. Medical staff evaluate patient compliance and training effect based on the training report. If the training parameters need to be adjusted, the terminal device sends the adjusted training parameters to the main control module via the communication module and updates and stores them in the data storage unit.

[0072] The present invention has been described in detail above. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of this application should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system, characterized in that: The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system includes an elastic body, two displays, and a circuit control board. The two displays are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the elastic body, displaying time information and grip strength information respectively. The circuit control board is located inside the elastic body and includes a power module, a main control module, a grip strength acquisition module, a prompting module, a motion posture sensor, and a display driver module. The power output terminal of the power module is electrically connected to the power input terminals of the main control module, grip strength acquisition module, motion posture sensor, prompting module, display driver module, and the two displays. The grip strength acquisition module is electrically connected to the main control module for real-time monitoring. The system measures the grip force applied by the user to the elastic body and converts the physical grip force into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the main control module. The motion posture sensor is communicatively connected to the main control module. The prompting module is electrically connected to the main control module. The communication module is electrically connected to the main control module. The display driver module is electrically connected to the main control module and two display screens, respectively, to receive instructions from the main control module and drive the two display screens to display data. The main control module is a microcontroller with an integrated data storage unit for storing grip force thresholds and training data. The main control module compares the received real-time grip force value with the grip force threshold and performs effective training counting based on the comparison result.

2. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module is configured to measure the user's maximum grip strength value based on the signal from the grip strength acquisition module in calibration mode, set an effective grip strength threshold based on the maximum grip strength value, and store the effective grip strength threshold in the data storage unit; when the real-time grip strength value detected by the grip strength acquisition module reaches or exceeds the effective grip strength threshold, the main control module records an effective grip strength count.

3. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grip force acquisition module includes a pressure sensing element and a signal processing circuit. The pressure sensing element is attached to the inner wall of the elastic body and is used to convert physical grip force into an electrical signal. The signal processing circuit is electrically connected to the pressure sensing element and is used to amplify and convert the electrical signal into an analog-to-digital signal before transmitting it to the main control module.

4. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing circuit includes a pin header, which is electrically connected to the general-purpose input / output port of the main control module. The pin header is used to detachably connect an external HX711 AD module. After the external HX711 AD module is connected to the pin header, it converts the physical grip force into a digital electrical signal and transmits it to the main control module through the pin header.

5. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motion attitude sensor is an MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip. The serial clock pin and serial data pin of the MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip are respectively connected to the general-purpose input / output port of the main control module. The main control module reads the acceleration data and gyroscope data of the MPU6050 inertial measurement unit chip by simulating the I2C bus timing through software, and is used to detect the left and right rotation angle of the wrist, the forward extension angle of the arm and / or the lateral extension angle of the arm.

6. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prompting module includes an alarm circuit and an indicator circuit, which are electrically connected to the main control module.

7. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The alarm circuit includes a buzzer, a switching transistor, and a first resistor. The control terminal of the switching transistor is electrically connected to the first GPIO port of the main control module through the first resistor. The switching path of the switching transistor is connected in series with the buzzer between the power supply terminal and the ground terminal. The switching transistor is switched on and off in response to the drive signal output by the first GPIO port to drive the buzzer to emit an audible prompt signal.

8. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The indicator circuit includes an LED indicator and a second resistor. The LED indicator is electrically connected to the second GPIO port of the main control module through the second resistor. The LED indicator lights up or turns off in response to the drive signal output by the second GPIO port to emit an optical prompt signal.

9. The intelligent grip strength training and monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module is any one or more of a Wi-Fi module and a ZigBee module.

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