A composite thin film evaporator

Abstract

The application discloses a composite thin-film evaporator, which comprises a shell, a material inlet, a material outlet, a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet, a built-in separation cavity and a heating cavity, a circumferential inner wall of the separation cavity is a heating surface, a condensing assembly, a vacuum assembly and a rotor assembly; the condensing assembly comprises a condenser and a liquid collecting tank; the vacuum assembly comprises a vacuum pump; the rotor assembly comprises a rotating unit, a distributing barrel and a scraping piece; the rotating unit drives the distributing barrel and the scraping piece to rotate with the axis line of the separation cavity as a center line, so that the liquid in the distributing barrel is thrown to the heating surface and the downward flow of the liquid on the upper part of the heating surface is hindered and the downward flow of the liquid on the lower part of the heating surface is promoted. The composite thin-film evaporator drives the scraping piece to rotate closely to the heating surface through rotation, and the liquid on the heating surface is acted on, so that the downward flow trend of the liquid on the upper part of the heating surface is slowed down, the heat exchange time of the low-concentration liquid is prolonged, sufficient heating is ensured, the heat medium consumption is reduced, the cost is lowered, the bottom liquid is promoted to flow downward and discharged, and the scaling influence on the subsequent use is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material separation technology, and in particular to a composite thin-film evaporator. Background Technology

[0002] The composite thin-film evaporator, also known as a short-path molecular distillation apparatus, integrates the evaporation and condensation processes within a vacuum chamber, incorporating a built-in condenser and rotor scraper. During operation, the feed liquid enters from the top and is forced apart by the rotating scraper to form an extremely thin, turbulent, and continuously renewing liquid film covering the inner wall of the cylinder. Under vacuum, the light components in the feed liquid rapidly vaporize. Because the built-in condenser is adjacent to the evaporation surface, the vapor molecules only need a very short distance to condense and recover. The condensate of the light components flows downward through the outer surface of the built-in condenser, is collected, and discharged, while the heavy components flow downward along the cylinder wall and are discharged from the bottom of the outer shell, thereby achieving the separation of different materials and resource recovery.

[0003] Because the gentle and efficient separation characteristics of thin-film evaporators meet the modern environmental protection industry's demand for lightweight, harmless, and resource-oriented treatment, they are core equipment with great potential in the environmental protection equipment market. They are especially suitable for environmental protection and resource recycling fields such as the regeneration and resource utilization of waste lubricating oil, the treatment of high-concentration wastewater and hazardous waste, and the recovery of organic solvents.

[0004] However, in the operation of existing thin-film evaporators, as the liquid flows downwards along the outer shell, the viscosity of the liquid increases with the concentration as evaporation proceeds. This causes the liquid to flow downwards too quickly in the upper part of the evaporator, making it difficult to fully absorb heat for rapid vaporization and evaporation of some materials. This necessitates increasing the height of the evaporator to ensure sufficient heating of the liquid in the early stages. The increased height of the evaporator leads to increased equipment costs and the increased use of heat transfer medium for heating the liquid, further increasing the cost of heat transfer medium usage. In the lower part of the evaporator, the downward flow of the liquid slows down, and some of it even adheres to the shell wall. With continued heating, scale forms on the shell wall, affecting subsequent discharge and collection.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing thin-film evaporators. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a composite thin-film evaporator that reduces the amount of heat medium used, lowers costs, facilitates the smooth discharge of materials, and saves energy.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the technical solution of the present invention is: a composite thin-film evaporator, comprising: The outer shell is vertically arranged and has a material inlet, a material outlet, a heat medium inlet, and a heat medium outlet. Inside the outer shell are separation chambers and heating chambers that are distributed sequentially from the inside out and spaced apart. The heat medium inlet and the heat medium outlet are both connected to the heating chamber. The material inlet and the material outlet are both connected to the separation chamber. The material inlet is located at the top of the outer shell, and the material outlet is located at the bottom of the outer shell. The circumferential inner wall of the separation chamber is a heated surface. A condensing assembly, disposed within the separation chamber, includes a vertical condenser and a ring-shaped liquid collection tank fixedly sleeved outside the condenser. The circumferential outer edge of the condenser is a condensing surface separated from the heated surface. The condenser has a condensing chamber adjacent to the condensing surface and a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet communicating with the condensing chamber. The material outlet includes a separation outlet and a residual material outlet that are correspondingly connected to the bottom of the liquid collection tank. Vacuum assembly, including a vacuum pump whose input end is connected to the separation chamber; The rotor assembly includes a rotating unit, a feeding hopper, and a scraper. The feeding hopper is located at the top of the condenser, with its bottom directly below the material inlet. The bottom of the feeding hopper has a feeding opening adjacent to and facing the heated surface. The scraper is in contact with the heated surface. The rotating unit drives the feeding hopper and the scraper to rotate about the axis of the separation chamber, thereby throwing the liquid in the feeding hopper toward the heated surface and preventing the liquid in the upper part of the heated surface from flowing downwards, while promoting the liquid in the lower part of the heated surface to flow downwards.

[0008] Preferably, in order to control the liquid material at the top of the heated surface to flow slowly downwards while pushing the liquid material at the bottom of the heated surface to be discharged quickly downwards, the scraper includes a reverse scraper adjacent to the top of the separation chamber and a forward scraper adjacent to the bottom of the separation chamber. The reverse scraper and the forward scraper are both inclined and in opposite directions, and the reverse scraper and the forward scraper rotate in the same direction.

[0009] Preferably, in order to facilitate the downward flow of the liquid material on the heated surface in a spiral trajectory, the scraper further includes a flat scraper fixed to the bottom of the reverse scraper, the bottom of the flat scraper being directly above the top of the forward scraper, and the flat scraper being arranged in the vertical direction.

[0010] Preferably, in order to accurately control the downward flow speed of the liquid material on the upper and lower parts of the heated surface, the rotating unit includes an upper rotating unit located at the top of the housing and a lower rotating unit located at the bottom of the housing. The output end of the upper rotating unit is connected to the reverse scraper, and the output end of the lower rotating unit is connected to the forward scraper.

[0011] Preferably, in order to achieve rapid downward discharge of the liquid material at the bottom of the heated surface, the outer shell includes a base plate, the base plate includes a horizontal flat plate and a receiving portion located below the flat plate, the flat plate is provided with an annular through hole, the downward rotating unit includes a downward rotating motor, a driving gear, a driven gear ring and a concentric ring, the downward rotating motor is fixed below the base plate, the driving gear and the driven gear ring are located in the receiving portion and mesh with each other, the output end of the downward rotating motor is sealed through the receiving portion and fixedly connected to the driving gear along the same axis, the concentric ring is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the through hole and fixedly connected to the driven gear ring along the same axis, and the scraper is fixedly connected to the concentric ring.

[0012] Preferably, in order to ensure that the liquid adheres evenly to the heated surface and to ensure heating uniformity, multiple forward scrapers and reverse scrapers are provided, and the forward scrapers and reverse scrapers are distributed in a circular array.

[0013] Preferably, in order to reduce the deformation of the reverse and forward scrapers and ensure the stable rotation of the scraper, the rotor assembly further includes a horizontal reinforcing ring corresponding to the liquid collection tank. The reinforcing ring is sealed outside the liquid collection tank and its top surface is flush with the opening of the liquid collection tank. The reinforcing ring includes a lower ring fixedly connected to the forward scraper and an upper ring fixedly connected to the reverse scraper.

[0014] Preferably, in order to achieve the gradual advancement and flow of the liquid material under the heated surface, the scraper bar includes several scraper segments connected sequentially from top to bottom and whose angle with the vertical line increases sequentially.

[0015] Preferably, in order to facilitate the rapid condensation of gaseous material molecules into liquid on the condensing surface, the condensing cavity is cylindrical. The condenser also includes an inner insulation cavity and a liquid outlet cavity located inside the condensing cavity and arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The condensing cavity and the liquid outlet cavity are connected and both are isolated from the insulation cavity. The input end of the vacuum pump is connected to the inner insulation cavity. The refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to the bottom of the condensing cavity and the bottom of the liquid outlet cavity, respectively.

[0016] Preferably, in order to concentrate heat supply to the heated surface, reduce the heat loss of the heat medium, and achieve energy saving, the outer shell also includes a cylindrical outer heat insulation cavity, the separation cavity is located inside the outer heat insulation cavity, and the input end of the vacuum pump is connected to the outer heat insulation cavity.

[0017] In summary, compared with the prior art, the composite thin-film evaporator of the present invention drives the scraper to rotate closely against the heated surface, which acts on the liquid on the heated surface, slows down the downward flow of the liquid on the upper part of the heated surface, so as to extend the heat exchange time of low-concentration liquid, ensure sufficient heating, reduce the amount of heat medium used, reduce costs, and promote the bottom liquid to flow downward and be discharged, so as to avoid scaling and affecting subsequent use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An explosion diagram; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer casing of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the outer casing of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 An explosion diagram; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upper rotating unit and the reverse scraper of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upper rotating unit and the reverse scraper from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lower transfer unit and the forward scraper of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the condenser of the present invention; Figure 13 yes Figure 12 An explosion diagram; Figure 14 yes Figure 12 Cross-sectional structural diagram; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum assembly of the present invention; Figure 16 yes Figure 15 An explosion diagram; In the diagram: 1. Outer shell; 101. Material inlet; 1011. Feed valve; 102. Material outlet; 103. Heat medium inlet; 104. Heat medium outlet; 11. Bottom plate; 12. Top plate; 13. Heating cylinder; 131. Heating surface; 132. First vacuum tube; 14. Enclosing cylinder; 15. Insulated outer cylinder; 151. Third vacuum tube; 16. Guide vane; 2. Condensing assembly; 21. Condenser; 2101. Refrigerant inlet; 2102. Refrigerant outlet; 2103. Second vacuum tube; 211. Condensing cylinder; 2111. Condensing surface; 212. Vacuum outer cylinder; 2121. Spacer bar; 213. Vacuum inner cylinder; 214. Liquid outlet inner cylinder; 215. Top cover; 216. Guide hood; 2161. Partition plate; 217. Inner top plate; 218. Chassis; 219. Outer top ring; 22. Liquid collection tank; 23. Drain pipe; 3. Vacuum assembly; 31. Vacuum pump; 32. Evacuation shell; 321. Shell; 322. Shell cover; 33. Barometer; 34. First evacuation pipe; 35. Second evacuation pipe; 4. Rotor assembly; 41. Upper rotating unit; 411. Upper rotating motor; 412. Bearing; 42. Lower rotating unit; 421. Lower rotating motor; 422. Drive gear; 423. Driven gear ring; 424. Concentric ring; 425. Guide ring; 43. Reverse scraper; 431. Horizontal bar; 44. Forward scraper; 441. Forward scraper section; 45. Flat scraper; 46. Upper ring; 47. Lower ring; 48. Fabric bucket; 481. Fabric inlet; 482. Convex ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-16 The composite thin-film evaporator of the present invention comprises: The outer shell 1 is vertically arranged and has a material inlet 101, a material outlet 102, a heat medium inlet 103, and a heat medium outlet 104. The outer shell 1 has a separation chamber and a heating chamber arranged sequentially from the inside out and spaced apart. The heat medium inlet 103 and the heat medium outlet 104 are both connected to the heating chamber. The material inlet 101 and the material outlet 102 are both connected to the separation chamber. The material inlet 101 is located at the top of the outer shell 1, and the material outlet 102 is located at the bottom of the outer shell 1. The circumferential inner wall of the separation chamber is a heating surface 131. The condensing assembly 2 is disposed in the separation chamber and includes a vertical condenser 21 and a ring-shaped liquid collection tank 22 fixedly sleeved outside the condenser 21. The circumferential outer edge of the condenser 21 is a condensing surface 2111 separated from the heating surface 131. The condenser 21 has a condensing chamber adjacent to the condensing surface 2111 and a refrigerant inlet 2101 and a refrigerant outlet 2102 communicating with the condensing chamber. The material outlet 102 includes a separation outlet and a residual material outlet that are correspondingly connected to the bottom of the liquid collection tank 22. Vacuum assembly 3 includes a vacuum pump 31 whose input end is connected to the separation chamber; The rotor assembly 4 includes a rotating unit, a material distribution tank 48, and a scraper. The material distribution tank 48 is located at the top of the condenser 21 and its bottom is directly below the material inlet 101. The bottom of the material distribution tank 48 is provided with a material distribution port 481 adjacent to and facing the heating surface 131. The scraper is in contact with the heating surface 131. The rotating unit drives the material distribution tank 48 and the scraper to rotate around the axis of the separation chamber, so as to throw the liquid in the material distribution tank 48 toward the heating surface 131 and prevent the liquid in the upper part of the heating surface 131 from flowing downward, and promote the liquid in the lower part of the heating surface 131 to flow downward.

[0021] Before operation, a high-temperature fluid is introduced into the heating chamber through the heat medium inlet 103. Different components can be selected depending on the composition of the materials to be separated, using either steam or heat transfer oil. The heat medium is discharged from the heat medium outlet 104. As the heat medium flows within the heating chamber, it heats the heating surface 131, bringing it to a high temperature. Then, liquid material is added to the distribution tank 48 within the separation chamber of the outer shell 1 through the material inlet 101. The separation chamber of the outer shell 1 is then sealed, and a vacuum pump 31 is used to evacuate the chamber, lowering the boiling points of the various material components in the liquid material.

[0022] Then, the rotating unit in the rotor assembly 4 is started, causing the material distribution bucket 48 and the scraper to rotate. Inside the material distribution bucket 48, the liquid material is discharged through the bottom material distribution port 481 and distributed in a thin film on the heated surface 131. The scraper adheres tightly to the liquid material and pushes the liquid material to flow. Unlike the prior art, in the present invention, the scraper acts on the liquid material at the upper and lower parts of the heated surface 131 during the process of pushing the liquid material to flow. Specifically, it hinders the downward flow of the liquid material at the upper part, causing the liquid material to flow downward slowly, while pushing the liquid material at the lower part to flow downward quickly and be discharged from the material outlet 102.

[0023] In the early stage of heating and separation, the concentration of the liquid is low, which results in low viscosity. This makes it easy for the liquid to flow rapidly downwards from the top of the heating surface 131. By using a scraper to impede the rapid downward flow of the liquid, the flow rate of the liquid can be slowed down, allowing it to flow slowly downwards even at high temperatures (generally, the higher the temperature, the slower the downward flow rate of the liquid). This allows the liquid to fully absorb the heat from the heating surface 131, thereby reducing the amount of heat transfer medium used, lowering the cost of heat transfer medium, and achieving energy saving. On the other hand, the slower downward flow rate of the liquid helps to reduce the height of the device, making the device structure more compact and thus reducing the initial construction cost of the device.

[0024] As the liquid flows to the lower part, its concentration increases, which in turn increases its viscosity, making it difficult for the liquid to flow downwards. At this time, the rotating scraper can push the liquid downwards, providing assistance for the liquid to flow downwards and facilitating its rapid discharge from the material outlet 102. This prevents the material from accumulating and forming scale on the heated surface 131, ensuring normal use in the later stages.

[0025] Different components of the liquid material evaporate upon heating on the heating surface 131, forming gaseous molecules that collide with the condenser 21. While continuously introducing heat medium into the heating chamber, coolant is introduced into the condensing chamber through the coolant inlet 2101. The coolant is discharged from the coolant outlet 2102, causing the temperature of the condensing surface 2111 to decrease. After colliding with the condensing surface 2111, the high-temperature gaseous molecules are pre-cooled and condensed, forming liquid. This liquid flows downward along the condensing surface 2111 and enters the liquid collection tank 22, where it is discharged downward through the bottom and then through the material outlet 102. Ultimately, this achieves the separation of different material components in the liquid material and the recycling of resources.

[0026] A further improvement is that the condensing cavity is cylindrical, and the condenser 21 also includes an inner insulation cavity and a liquid outlet cavity located inside the condensing cavity and arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The condensing cavity and the liquid outlet cavity are connected and both are isolated from the insulation cavity. The input end of the vacuum pump 31 is connected to the inner insulation cavity. The refrigerant inlet 2101 and the refrigerant outlet 2102 are connected to the bottom of the condensing cavity and the bottom of the liquid outlet cavity, respectively. The outer shell 1 also includes a cylindrical outer insulation cavity. The separation cavity is located inside the outer insulation cavity, and the input end of the vacuum pump 31 is connected to the outer insulation cavity.

[0027] Vacuum pump 31 evacuates the external and internal insulation chambers, reducing their vacuum levels. This prevents the heat transfer medium in the heating chamber from diffusing heat outwards, and the refrigerant in the condensing chamber from absorbing heat inwards. This ensures that the heat transfer medium in the heating chamber can concentrate on heating the heating surface 131, ensuring that the heat transfer medium fully acts on the heating surface 131 and preventing heat diffusion. Similarly, it also ensures that the condensing surface 2111 has a lower temperature when the same refrigerant is introduced, which is more conducive to the rapid cooling of gaseous materials when they encounter the condensing surface 2111. This reduces the amount of heat transfer medium and refrigerant used, further reducing the material costs of equipment operation and achieving energy saving.

[0028] In this invention, the external heat insulation cavity, the heating cavity, and the separation cavity are all coaxial cylindrical structures arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. Specifically, as shown... Figures 6-8 The outer casing 1 includes a bottom plate 11, a top plate 12, a heating cylinder 13, a surrounding cylinder 14, and a heat-insulating outer cylinder 15. Both the bottom plate 11 and the top plate 12 are horizontal discs, with the top plate 12 located above the bottom plate 11. The heating cylinder 13, the surrounding cylinder 14, and the heat-insulating outer cylinder 15 are arranged coaxially from the inside out. The top and bottom ends of the heating cylinder 13, the surrounding cylinder 14, and the heat-insulating outer cylinder 15 are respectively connected to the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 13. 1. Fixed connection, so that the circumferential inner wall of the heating cylinder 13 is surrounded by the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 11 to form a separation cavity, the circumferential inner wall of the heating cylinder 13 is the heating surface 131, the circumferential outer edge of the heating cylinder 13 and the circumferential inner wall of the surrounding cylinder 14 are surrounded by the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 11 to form a heating cavity, and the circumferential outer edge of the surrounding cylinder 14 and the circumferential inner wall of the heat-insulating outer cylinder 15 are surrounded by the top plate 12 and the bottom plate 11 to form an outer heat-insulating cavity.

[0029] The material inlet 101 is located on the top plate 12 and a material inlet pipe is fixed inside the material inlet 101. The material inlet pipe is used to introduce the liquid to be separated and a feed valve 1011 is provided on the material inlet pipe.

[0030] In this invention, three collection tanks 22 are arranged from top to bottom, spaced apart, for collecting three different materials. Correspondingly, four material outlets 102 are provided, one residual material outlet and three separation outlets. The three separation outlets are located on the bottom plate 11. The residual material outlet is located on the side wall of the heating cylinder 13 and is fixed with a sealed residual material outlet pipe that penetrates the surrounding cylinder 14 and the heat-insulating outer cylinder 15, for discharging the component with the highest boiling point in the liquid. The three separation outlets are arranged in the collection tanks 22 from top to bottom, for discharging the three components in the liquid with increasing boiling points. Therefore, the thin-film evaporator of this invention is applicable to the evaporation, condensation, and collection of multiple components, realizing separation and resource recycling. Of course, depending on the different material components, the number of collection tanks 22 and the number of separation outlets can also be multiple.

[0031] As the liquid flows downwards, the temperature gradually increases and the viscosity gradually increases. Therefore, in this invention, the heat medium inlet 103 and the heat medium outlet 104 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the surrounding cylinder 14. In order to increase the structural strength of the outer shell 1 and guide the liquid to flow orderly, uniformly and stably in the heating chamber, the outer shell 1 also includes a guide plate 16 fixedly connected to the inner circumferential wall of the surrounding cylinder 14 and the outer circumferential edge of the heating cylinder 13. The guide plate 16 is spiral and coaxial with the surrounding cylinder 14. Through the guide plate 16, the inner cavity of the heating chamber is spiral-shaped, so that the heat medium flows stably in the heating chamber and ensures that the temperature of the heating surface 131 is uniform in the circumferential direction. In the height direction, the temperature is positively correlated with the height.

[0032] The heating cylinder 13 and the heat-insulating outer cylinder 15 are also respectively fixed with a first vacuum tube 132 and a third vacuum tube 151 extending radially. The input end of the vacuum pump 31 is connected to the first vacuum tube 132 and the third vacuum tube 151, so that after the vacuum pump 31 is running, it draws air from the separation chamber and the outer heat-insulating chamber through the first vacuum tube 132 and the third vacuum tube 151 respectively, ensuring the vacuum degree in the separation chamber and the outer heat-insulating chamber, so as to reduce the boiling point of the liquid and reduce the heat diffusion of the heat medium in the heating chamber to the outside, thereby achieving energy saving.

[0033] The specific structure of condenser assembly 2 is as follows: Figures 12-15 The condenser 21 includes a horizontally arranged base 218, a top cover 215, an inner top plate 217, an outer top ring 219, and a condensing cylinder 211, a vacuum outer cylinder 212, a vacuum inner cylinder 213, and a liquid outlet inner cylinder 214 arranged coaxially from the outside to the inside. The circumferential outer edge of the condensing cylinder 211 is the condensing surface 2111. The base 218 is fixed above the base plate 11. The bottom and top ends of the condensing cylinder 211 are fixedly connected to the base 218 and the top cover 215, respectively. The inner top plate 217 and the outer top ring 219 are at the same height and are both located below the top cover 215. The inner top plate 217 is located inside the outer top ring 219. The bottom and top ends of the vacuum outer cylinder 212 and the vacuum inner cylinder 213 are connected to the base 218 and the outer top ring 219, respectively. 9. Fixed connection: The bottom and top ends of the liquid outlet inner cylinder 214 are fixedly connected to the chassis 218 and the inner top plate 217, respectively. The refrigerant inlet 2101 and the refrigerant outlet 2102 are both located between the chassis 218. The refrigerant inlet 2101 is located between the condenser cylinder 211 and the vacuum outer cylinder 212 and is fixedly connected with a refrigerant inlet pipe that is sealed through the bottom plate 11. The refrigerant outlet 2102 is located between the vacuum inner cylinder 213 and the liquid outlet inner cylinder 214 and is fixedly connected with a refrigerant outlet pipe that is sealed through the bottom plate 11. A second vacuum port is also fixed on the chassis 218. The second vacuum port is located between the vacuum outer cylinder 212 and the vacuum inner cylinder 213 and is fixedly connected with a second vacuum pipe 2103 that is sealed through the bottom plate 11. The second vacuum pipe 2103 is connected to the input end of the vacuum pump 31.

[0034] With the above structure, the condenser cylinder 211, the vacuum outer cylinder 212, the chassis 218, and the top cover 215 enclose a condensation chamber. The vacuum outer cylinder 212, the vacuum inner cylinder 213, the chassis 218, and the outer top ring 219 enclose an inner insulation chamber. The vacuum inner cylinder 213, the liquid outlet inner cylinder 214, the chassis 218, and the inner top plate 217 enclose a liquid outlet chamber. The refrigerant inlet 2101 is connected to the top of the condensation chamber. The top of the condensation chamber is connected to the top of the liquid outlet chamber. The bottom of the liquid outlet chamber is connected to the refrigerant outlet 2102. The condensation chamber, the liquid outlet chamber, and the inner insulation chamber are all isolated from each other.

[0035] The refrigerant flows from bottom to top into the condensing chamber, lowering the condensing surface 2111. This allows the vaporized liquid to condense into a liquid state upon contact with the condensing surface 2111 and then flow downwards into the collection tank 22. After absorbing heat, the refrigerant's temperature rises, and it flows out of the liquid chamber from the top before being discharged through the refrigerant outlet 2102 at the bottom. The vacuum pump 31 extracts the gas from the inner insulation chamber, creating a vacuum and preventing the refrigerant in the condensing chamber from absorbing heat from the inside, thus reducing the temperature of the condensing surface 2111. This reduces the amount of refrigerant used and is beneficial for energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0036] A ring-shaped array of spacers 2121 is provided between the condenser cylinder 211 and the vacuum outer cylinder 212. The top and bottom ends of the spacers 2121 have gaps with the top cover 215 and the base 218, respectively. The two sides of the spacers 2121 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the condenser cylinder 211 and the outer wall of the vacuum outer cylinder 212, respectively. The spacers 2121 are inclined. In this way, the structural strength of the condenser 21 is increased, and the condensation cavity is divided into multiple ring-shaped arrays of inclined guide channels, which guide the refrigerant to flow along the guide channels and ensure that the circumferential temperature of the condensation surface 2111 is uniform. Moreover, after the spacers 2121 are inclined, the fluid flows upward at an inclined angle due to the inclination of the guide channels, generating a flow velocity in the radial tangential direction. This flow velocity generates centrifugal force, which washes over the circumferential cavity wall of the condensation cavity, destroys the boundary layer, and facilitates heat absorption.

[0037] The liquid collection tank 22 is a tank with a circular extension trajectory, a V-shaped cross-section, and an upward opening. It is used to collect the material flowing downward from the condensation surface 2111. A drain pipe 23 extending vertically downward and spaced from the condensation surface 2111 is fixed to the bottom of the liquid collection tank 22. The drain pipe 23 corresponding to the upper liquid collection tank 22 is sealed and fixedly penetrates the lower liquid collection tank 22. The condenser 21 also includes a flow guide shroud 216 fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the condensation cylinder 211 and fixed above the base plate 11. Three partitions are arranged in a ring array inside the flow guide shroud 216. Plate 2161 and three partitions 2161 divide the flow guide cavity formed by the flow guide cover 216 and the bottom plate 11 into three spaced separation chambers. The three separation chambers, three separation outlets and three drain pipes 23 are arranged accordingly. The top of the separation chamber is connected to the top of the drain pipe 23 and the bottom is connected to the separation outlet, that is, the corresponding material outlet 102. In this way, the liquid that condenses and flows downward on the condensation surface 2111 enters the liquid collection tank 22, flows downward through the drain pipe 23, and then enters the separation chamber and is discharged from the corresponding material outlet 102.

[0038] In order to achieve vacuuming of the separation chamber, inner insulation chamber, and outer insulation chamber, such as Figure 15 and Figure 16 The vacuum assembly 3 includes a vacuum pump 31, a vacuum housing 32, a barometer 33, a first vacuum pipe 34, and a second vacuum pipe 35. The vacuum housing 32 includes a housing 321 with an open top and a cover 322 fixedly mounted on the housing 321. The housing 321 and the cover 322 enclose a vacuum chamber. The first vacuum pipe 34 is a three-way pipe, with its two ends fixedly connected to the first vacuum pipe 132 and the third vacuum pipe 151, respectively, and the other end fixedly connected to the cover 322 and connected to the vacuum chamber. One end of the second vacuum pipe 35 is fixedly connected to the second vacuum pipe 2103, and the other end is fixedly connected to the housing 321 and connected to the vacuum chamber. The input end of the vacuum pump 31 is fixedly connected to the housing 321 and connected to the vacuum chamber, and its output end is connected to the outside. The barometer 33 is fixed on the housing 321 and its detection end is located inside the vacuum chamber.

[0039] With the above design, the vacuum pump 31 starts and draws air from the separation chamber, inner insulation chamber and outer insulation chamber through the first suction pipe 34 and the second suction pipe 35. After being transported into the suction chamber, the air is discharged to the outside. The vacuum degree of the separation chamber, inner insulation chamber and outer insulation chamber can be detected by the barometer 33 to ensure that the material evaporation, condensation and separation proceed smoothly.

[0040] A further improvement is that the scraping component includes a reverse scraper 43 adjacent to the top of the separation chamber and a forward scraper 44 adjacent to the bottom of the separation chamber. Both the reverse scraper 43 and the forward scraper 44 are inclined and in opposite directions, and the reverse scraper 43 and the forward scraper 44 rotate in the same direction.

[0041] By using the reverse scraper 43 and the forward scraper 44, which are tilted in opposite directions but rotate in the same direction, different forces can be applied to the material film on the heating surface 131. The rotation of the reverse scraper 43 gives the liquid an upward flow force, thereby hindering the downward flow of the lower concentration liquid and slowing down the downward flow rate of the liquid. This allows the liquid to be fully heated in the upper part of the heating surface 131, avoiding an increase in equipment height and reducing the amount of heat medium used, thus achieving energy saving. Meanwhile, the rotation of the forward scraper 44 pushes the liquid downward, and combined with the gravity of the liquid, it allows the high concentration liquid to overcome the resistance caused by its high viscosity, enabling the liquid to flow smoothly downward, facilitating liquid discharge and preventing scaling.

[0042] A further improvement is that the scraper also includes a flat scraper 45 fixed to the bottom of the reverse scraper 43. The bottom of the flat scraper 45 is located on a horizontal plane that is directly above the top of the forward scraper 44. The flat scraper 45 is arranged in the vertical direction.

[0043] By setting the flat scraper 45, a pushing force is generated on the liquid material located below the reverse scraper 43 and above the forward scraper 44, which pushes the liquid material to flow along the circumference of the heated surface 131, creating a horizontal flow trend of the liquid material. Combined with the downward flow of the liquid material, the liquid material forms a spiral flow trajectory, which increases the heated area, ensures that the liquid material is heated evenly and stably, and avoids scale formation on the heated surface 131.

[0044] A further improvement is that multiple forward scraper bars 44 and reverse scraper bars 43 are provided, and both forward scraper bars 44 and reverse scraper bars 43 are distributed in a circular array.

[0045] With the above design, the rotating unit can drive the forward scraper 44 and the reverse scraper 43 to rotate during operation, so as to act on the liquid material on all parts of the heated surface. This avoids the situation where there are too few forward scrapers 44 and the reverse scraper 43, resulting in some liquid material not being acted on by the forward scraper 44 and the reverse scraper 43. In this way, the liquid material can be evenly distributed on the heated surface and flow evenly downward along the spiral trajectory, so that the liquid material at all places tends to be uniform in the circumferential direction.

[0046] A further improvement is that the rotating unit includes an upper rotating unit 41 located at the top of the housing 1 and a lower rotating unit 42 located at the bottom of the housing 1. The output end of the upper rotating unit 41 is connected to the reverse scraper 43, and the output end of the lower rotating unit 42 is connected to the forward scraper 44.

[0047] With the above design, the rotating unit is divided into an upper rotating unit 41 and a lower rotating unit 42. The upper rotating unit 41 and the lower rotating unit 42 drive the reverse scraper 43 and the forward scraper 44 to rotate in the same direction, so that the reverse scraper 43 and the forward scraper 44 can rotate at different speeds, thereby adjusting the speed at which the liquid flows downward from the top of the heated surface 131 and the speed at which the liquid is discharged downward from the bottom of the heated surface 131.

[0048] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the upper rotating unit 41 includes an upper rotating motor 411 and a bearing 412. The upper rotating motor 411 is fixed below the top plate 12 and downwardly positioned. Its output end passes through the top plate 12 and is coaxially connected to the inner bottom wall of the material distribution tank 48. The outer ring of the bearing 412 is coaxially fixed above the top cover 215, and the inner ring is coaxially fixed below the material distribution tank 48. A material distribution pipe extending radially and adjacent to the heated surface 131 is fixed at the material distribution port 481 at the bottom of the material distribution tank 48. A convex ring 482 located below the bearing 412 is also fixed at the bottom. The top of the reverse scraper 43 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the convex ring 482 via a crossbar 431.

[0049] With the above structure, in the upper rotating unit 41, the upper rotating motor 411 can drive the material distribution bucket 48 to rotate around its own axis under the guidance of the bearing 412, so that the liquid material at the bottom is discharged through the material distribution port 481 and falls on the heating surface 131. At the same time, the convex ring 482 rotates synchronously, driving the reverse scraper 43 to rotate, which hinders the rapid downward flow of the liquid material at the top of the heating surface 131, while forming a material film on the heating surface 131, which facilitates the evaporation of some components in the liquid material by heating.

[0050] A further improvement is that the bottom plate 11 of the outer casing 1 includes a horizontal flat plate and a receiving portion located below the flat plate. The flat plate is provided with an annular through hole. The lower rotating unit 42 includes a lower rotating motor 421, a driving gear 422, a driven gear ring 423, and a concentric ring 424. The lower rotating motor 421 is fixed below the bottom plate 11. The driving gear 422 and the driven gear ring 423 are located in the receiving portion and mesh with each other. The output end of the lower rotating motor 421 is sealed through the receiving portion and is fixedly connected to the driving gear 422 along the same axis. The concentric ring 424 is sealed and fitted to the inner wall of the through hole and is fixedly connected to the driven gear ring 423 along the same axis. The scraper 44 is fixedly connected to the concentric ring 424.

[0051] More specifically, a guide ring 425 coaxial with the concentric ring 424 is integrally connected to it. The top of the guide ring 425 is flush with the top of the guide shroud 216, and the top surface of the guide ring 425 is a frustum conical surface. The top and circumferential inner wall of the guide ring 425 are sealed and fitted with the circumferential outer edge of the guide shroud 216.

[0052] With the above structure, the lower motor 421 drives the drive gear 422 to rotate. The drive gear 422 acts on the driven gear ring 423 that meshes with it, so that the concentric ring 424 rotates synchronously with the rotation of the driven gear ring 423, thereby driving the scraper 44 to rotate. The scraper 44 pushes the high-concentration liquid in the upper and lower parts of the heating surface 131 downward. Since the top and circumferential inner wall of the guide ring 425 are sealed and fitted with the circumferential outer edge of the guide shroud 216, the top of the guide ring 425 is flush with the top of the guide shroud 216, which facilitates the downward flow of the liquid on the condensing surface 2111 below the lowest liquid collection tank 22 on the condenser 21. As part of the liquid at the bottom of the heating surface 131 is discharged from the material outlet 102 on the side wall, that is, the residual material outlet.

[0053] A further improvement is that the rotor assembly 4 also includes a horizontal reinforcing ring that corresponds one-to-one with the liquid collection tank 22. The reinforcing ring is sealed outside the liquid collection tank 22 and its top surface is flush with the opening of the liquid collection tank 22. The reinforcing ring includes a lower ring 47 that is fixedly connected to the forward scraper 44 and an upper ring 46 that is fixedly connected to the reverse scraper 43.

[0054] By setting the upper ring 46 and the lower ring 47, the structural strength of the forward scraper 44 and the reverse scraper 43 is strengthened, and the deformation of the forward scraper 44 and the reverse scraper 43 is prevented from affecting the flow of liquid material on the heated surface 131.

[0055] A further improvement is that the scraper 44 includes several scraper segments 441 connected sequentially from top to bottom and whose angles with the vertical line increase sequentially.

[0056] With the above structure, the scraper 44 is bent and includes at least two scraper sections 441. The angle between the scraper sections 441 and the vertical line increases from top to bottom. This ensures that as the height decreases on the same scraper 44, the concentration and viscosity of the liquid increase. At the same time, by changing the inclination of the scraper sections 441, the force that propels the liquid downward is enhanced, ensuring that the liquid can flow smoothly downward and be discharged from the outer shell 1.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite thin-film evaporator, characterized in that, include: The outer shell is vertically arranged and has a material inlet, a material outlet, a heat medium inlet, and a heat medium outlet. Inside the outer shell are separation chambers and heating chambers that are distributed sequentially from the inside out and spaced apart. The heat medium inlet and the heat medium outlet are both connected to the heating chamber. The material inlet and the material outlet are both connected to the separation chamber. The material inlet is located at the top of the outer shell, and the material outlet is located at the bottom of the outer shell. The circumferential inner wall of the separation chamber is a heated surface. A condensing assembly, disposed within the separation chamber, includes a vertical condenser and a ring-shaped liquid collection tank fixedly sleeved outside the condenser. The circumferential outer edge of the condenser is a condensing surface separated from the heated surface. The condenser has a condensing chamber adjacent to the condensing surface and a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet communicating with the condensing chamber. The material outlet includes a separation outlet and a residual material outlet that are correspondingly connected to the bottom of the liquid collection tank. Vacuum assembly, including a vacuum pump whose input end is connected to the separation chamber; The rotor assembly includes a rotating unit, a feeding hopper, and a scraper. The feeding hopper is located at the top of the condenser, with its bottom directly below the material inlet. The bottom of the feeding hopper has a feeding opening adjacent to and facing the heated surface. The scraper is in contact with the heated surface. The rotating unit drives the feeding hopper and the scraper to rotate about the axis of the separation chamber, thereby throwing the liquid in the feeding hopper toward the heated surface and preventing the liquid in the upper part of the heated surface from flowing downwards, while promoting the liquid in the lower part of the heated surface to flow downwards.

2. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping component includes a reverse scraper adjacent to the top of the separation chamber and a forward scraper adjacent to the bottom of the separation chamber. The reverse scraper and the forward scraper are both inclined and in opposite directions, and the reverse scraper and the forward scraper rotate in the same direction.

3. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper also includes a flat scraper fixed to the bottom of the reverse scraper. The bottom of the flat scraper is located on a horizontal plane that is directly above the top of the forward scraper. The flat scraper is arranged in a vertical direction.

4. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating unit includes an upper rotating unit located at the top of the housing and a lower rotating unit located at the bottom of the housing. The output end of the upper rotating unit is connected to the reverse scraper, and the output end of the lower rotating unit is connected to the forward scraper.

5. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer casing includes a base plate, which includes a horizontal flat plate and a receiving portion located below the flat plate. The flat plate has an annular through hole. The lower rotating unit includes a lower rotating motor, a driving gear, a driven gear ring, and a concentric ring. The lower rotating motor is fixed below the base plate. The driving gear and the driven gear ring are located inside the receiving portion and mesh with each other. The output end of the lower rotating motor is sealed through the receiving portion and fixedly connected to the driving gear along the same axis. The concentric ring is sealed against the inner wall of the through hole and fixedly connected to the driven gear ring along the same axis. The scraper is fixedly connected to the concentric ring.

6. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple forward scraping strips and multiple reverse scraping strips are provided, and both the forward scraping strips and the reverse scraping strips are distributed in a circular array.

7. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotor assembly also includes a horizontal reinforcing ring that corresponds one-to-one with the liquid collection tank. The reinforcing ring is sealed outside the liquid collection tank and its top surface is flush with the opening of the liquid collection tank. The reinforcing ring includes a lower ring fixedly connected to the forward scraper and an upper ring fixedly connected to the reverse scraper.

8. The composite thin-film evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraping bar comprises several scraping segments connected sequentially from top to bottom, with the angle between them and the vertical line increasing sequentially.

9. The composite thin-film evaporator according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The condensing chamber is cylindrical. The condenser also includes an inner insulation chamber and a liquid outlet chamber located inside the condensing chamber and arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The condensing chamber and the liquid outlet chamber are connected and both are isolated from the insulation chamber. The input end of the vacuum pump is connected to the inner insulation chamber. The refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to the bottom of the condensing chamber and the bottom of the liquid outlet chamber, respectively.

10. The composite thin-film evaporator according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The outer casing also includes a cylindrical external heat insulation cavity, the separation cavity is located inside the external heat insulation cavity, and the input end of the vacuum pump is connected to the external heat insulation cavity.

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