A device for on-line regeneration of denitration catalyst based on traveling wave field

Abstract

The application provides a kind of on-line regeneration device of denitration catalyst based on travelling wave field, for regenerating low-temperature deactivated catalyst module in generator set SCR reactor, device includes: microwave directional radiation unit, for generating microwave energy and shaping it as directional microwave beam;Moving unit, for carrying and moving microwave directional radiation unit, so that microwave directional radiation unit can be aligned in different catalyst modules in reactor;Shielding structure, cover is set outside microwave directional radiation unit and is provided with opening towards catalyst module, for inhibiting the outward diffusion of microwave energy;Control unit, which is communicatively connected with microwave directional radiation unit and moving unit, is used for remotely controlling microwave directional radiation unit and moving unit according to preset parameters or feedback signals.The device can regenerate low-temperature deactivated catalyst in generator set SCR reactor using microwave, while avoiding the safety problems caused by using microwave in metal environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of microwave regeneration technology for denitrification catalysts, and more specifically, to an online regeneration device for denitrification catalysts based on traveling wave fields. Background Technology

[0002] In SCR denitrification systems, catalysts become deactivated at low temperatures (below their optimal reaction temperature window, typically 300-420°C) due to ammonium bisulfate (ABS) deposition and blockage. While existing online microwave regeneration methods can save on catalyst disassembly and transportation, reducing losses from catalyst damage and long downtime, they suffer from limitations such as high energy consumption, poor operability, and uneven regeneration effects. In particular, when considering online regeneration of catalysts installed in situ within the reactor using microwave energy, a core and unresolved technical obstacle arises: the SCR reactor has a complex internal structure filled with metal frames and components. Traditional microwave heating uses a standing wave field mode; if microwave heating is directly applied to this environment, the microwave energy will be reflected multiple times within the reactor, generating strong induced currents and arc discharges on the metal structures. This not only fails to effectively heat the catalyst but also poses serious safety hazards.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an online microwave heating regeneration method for SCR reactor denitrification catalysts that can avoid the safety problems caused by using microwaves in a metallic environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides at least one online regeneration device for denitrification catalysts based on traveling wave fields. This device can regenerate low-temperature deactivated catalysts in the SCR reactor of a generator set using microwaves, while avoiding the safety issues caused by using microwaves in a metal environment.

[0005] An online regeneration device for denitrification catalysts based on traveling wave fields is used to regenerate low-temperature deactivated catalyst modules within the SCR reactor of a generator set. The device includes: A microwave directional radiation unit is used to generate microwave energy and shape it into a directional microwave beam. A moving unit is used to carry and move the microwave directional radiation unit so that the microwave directional radiation unit can be aligned with different catalyst modules within the reactor. A shielding structure is provided, covering the microwave directional radiation unit and having an opening facing the catalyst module, to suppress the outward diffusion of microwave energy; The control unit is communicatively connected to the microwave directional radiation unit and the mobile unit, and is used to remotely control the microwave directional radiation unit and the mobile unit according to preset parameters or feedback signals.

[0006] In one optional embodiment, the microwave directional radiation unit includes a microwave generator, a waveguide transmission line, and an antenna. The waveguide transmission line is connected to the output end of the microwave generator, and the antenna is connected to the end of the waveguide transmission line, for radiating microwave energy into the directional microwave beam.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the mobile unit includes a chassis and an adjustment mechanism. The microwave directional radiation unit and the shielding structure are mounted on the chassis via the adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the position and distance of the microwave directional radiation unit and the shielding structure relative to the end face of the catalyst module.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the inner wall of the shielding structure is provided with a microwave absorbing material layer.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, there is a gap between the opening and the metal frame at the end face of the catalyst module, and a choke ring is provided at the edge of the opening to suppress the outward diffusion of microwave energy from the opening.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the choke is an annular groove formed at the edge of the opening, the depth of which is equal to one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the microwave directional radiation unit.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the apparatus further includes: A microwave leakage monitoring unit is installed in the shielding structure to monitor the microwave leakage value outside the shielding structure; The control unit is also communicatively connected to the microwave leakage monitoring unit, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit to stop microwave emission when the microwave leakage value exceeds a safety threshold.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the apparatus further includes: A temperature monitoring unit, disposed in the shielding structure, is used to monitor the temperature of the catalyst module surface; The control unit is also communicatively connected to the temperature monitoring unit, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit to reduce microwave power or stop microwave emission when the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the apparatus further includes: A gas extraction unit, connected to the shielding structure, is used to extract gas from the surface of the catalyst module through the shielding structure. The exhaust gas treatment unit is connected to the outlet end of the gas extraction unit and is used to treat the gas extracted by the gas extraction unit before discharging it.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the apparatus further includes: A gas concentration monitoring unit is used to monitor the concentration of ABS decomposition products in the gas drawn by the gas extraction unit; The control unit is also communicatively connected to the gas concentration monitoring unit and the gas extraction unit, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit to stop microwave emission when the concentration drops to a concentration threshold, and to control the gas extraction unit to continue operating for a set time.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects: The traveling wave field-based online regeneration device for denitrification catalysts in this application generates a highly focused directional microwave beam through a microwave directional radiation unit. Combined with a shielding structure surrounding the beam, the microwave energy is strictly confined to a limited space facing the catalyst module, forming an energy distribution pattern dominated by the traveling wave field. This design allows microwave energy to act on the catalyst surface in a concentrated and directional manner, preventing irregular reflection and retention within the metal frame and components of the SCR reactor. This fundamentally avoids the strong induced current and localized overheating caused by multiple microwave reflections on the metal surface, and eliminates the risk of arc discharge due to energy accumulation. This not only ensures the operational safety of the regeneration process itself but also prevents potential damage to the precision metal components inside the reactor caused by microwaves, making it possible to safely and efficiently apply microwave heating technology in complex metal environments.

[0016] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. These drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. They illustrate embodiments conforming to this application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the technical solutions of this application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on a traveling wave field, provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown. Figure 2 This paper illustrates a schematic diagram of the operation of an online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on a traveling wave field, as provided in an embodiment of this application. In the figure: 1. Online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field; 2. Catalyst module; 10. Microwave directional radiation unit; 11. Microwave generator; 12. Waveguide transmission line; 13. Antenna; 20. Moving unit; 21. Walking chassis; 22. Adjustment mechanism; 30. Shielding structure; 31. Opening; 32. Microwave absorbing material layer; 33. Choke; 40. Microwave leakage monitoring unit; 50. Temperature monitoring unit; 60. Gas extraction unit; 70. Gas concentration monitoring unit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Various exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application.

[0020] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides an online regeneration device 1 for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field. This device can regenerate low-temperature deactivated catalyst in the SCR reactor of a generator set using microwave, while avoiding the safety problems caused by using microwaves in a metal environment.

[0025] The online regeneration device 1 for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field includes: a microwave directional radiation unit 10, a moving unit 20, a shielding structure 30, and a control unit. The microwave directional radiation unit 10 generates microwave energy and shapes it into a directional microwave beam. The directional microwave beam can be projected onto the end face of the catalyst module 2 in the form of a traveling wave field, so that the directional microwave beam enters the catalyst channel along the axial direction to heat and decompose the ammonium bisulfate deposited in the channel. The moving unit 20 carries and moves the microwave directional radiation unit 10 so that the microwave directional radiation unit 10 can be aligned with different catalyst modules 2 in the reactor. The shielding structure 30 (such as a cylindrical shield) covers the microwave directional radiation unit 10 and has an opening 31 facing the catalyst module 2 (which can match the end face size of the catalyst module 2) to suppress the outward diffusion of microwave energy. The control unit is communicatively connected to the microwave directional radiation unit 10 and the moving unit 20 and is used to remotely control the microwave directional radiation unit 10 and the moving unit 20 according to preset parameters or feedback signals.

[0026] During operation, the operator first remotely controls the moving unit 20 via the control unit to align the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 with the end face of the target catalyst module 2. Then, microwave emission is initiated. The microwave energy is shaped into a directional microwave beam and projected onto the end face of the catalyst module 2 in the form of a traveling wave field through the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30. This directional microwave beam can then penetrate axially along the catalyst channels, selectively heating and decomposing the ammonium bisulfate deposits within the channels. After the current catalyst module 2 has been regenerated, the operator can continue to control the moving unit 20 to regenerate the next catalyst module 2.

[0027] The online regeneration device 1 for denitrification catalysts based on traveling wave fields generates highly focused directional microwave beams through a microwave directional radiation unit 10. Combined with a shielding structure 30 enclosing the beams, the microwave energy is strictly confined to a limited space facing the catalyst module 2, forming an energy distribution pattern dominated by a traveling wave field. This design allows microwave energy to act on the catalyst surface in a concentrated and directional manner, preventing irregular reflection and retention within the metal frame and components of the SCR reactor. This fundamentally avoids the strong induced current and localized overheating caused by multiple microwave reflections on the metal surface, and eliminates the risk of arc discharge due to energy accumulation. This not only ensures the operational safety of the regeneration process itself but also prevents potential damage to the precision metal components inside the reactor, making the safe and efficient application of microwave heating technology possible in complex metal environments.

[0028] It should be noted that any actual antenna 13, while generating a directional microwave beam, will also generate sidelobe microwave energy radiating in other directions. Moreover, the directional microwave beam will diverge to some extent during propagation. Although these sidelobe beams and diverging beams are weaker than the main beam, in a complex environment filled with metal, once reflected or absorbed by the metal structure, they may become the "ignition source" of arc discharge. Therefore, the microwave directional radiation element 10, in conjunction with the shielding structure 30, can effectively eliminate the risk of arc discharge.

[0029] It should also be noted that the assembly method of the microwave directional radiation unit 10, the moving unit 20, and the shielding structure 30 can be selected according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this. For example, the microwave directional radiation unit 10 is installed entirely inside the shielding structure 30, with the microwave radiation end of the microwave directional radiation unit 10 facing the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30, and the shielding structure 30 is installed on the moving unit 20.

[0030] Optionally, the microwave directional radiation unit 10 includes a microwave generator 11, a waveguide transmission line 12, and an antenna 13. The waveguide transmission line 12 is connected to the output end of the microwave generator 11, and the antenna 13 is connected to the end of the waveguide transmission line 12, used to radiate microwave energy into a directional microwave beam. When the microwave directional radiation unit 10 is started, the microwave generator 11 first generates microwave energy of a specific frequency. The microwave energy is directionally conducted with low loss through the waveguide transmission line 12, and finally the antenna 13 connected to the end of the waveguide shapes and radiates the microwave energy into a directional microwave beam with a specific directionality, which directly acts on the catalyst module 2 to be regenerated.

[0031] Optionally, the microwave generator 11 is a solid-state microwave generator 11. For example, the microwave generator 11 is a solid-state microwave generator 11 based on GaN (gallium nitride) power semiconductors, with an operating frequency of 2.45 GHz or 915 MHz (optional). Solid-state generators can precisely control the output power (0-100% continuously adjustable), frequency, and phase, have a fast response speed (microsecond level), long lifespan, and compact size, making them suitable for integrated equipment. In practical applications, multiple microwave generators 11 (e.g., 5-10 kW each) can be connected in parallel to achieve high power output of tens of kilowatts (e.g., 40 kW-60 kW) to meet the processing requirements of the large-volume catalyst module 2.

[0032] Optionally, the waveguide transmission line 12 is a rectangular waveguide transmission line 12. The rectangular waveguide transmission line 12 has extremely low waveguide transmission loss (<0.1dB / m) and good power capacity and shielding performance.

[0033] Optionally, antenna 13 is a tapered, tapered horn antenna 13. The horn antenna 13's angle and length are optimized through electromagnetic field simulation to ensure that the radiated microwave beam has high directivity (beamwidth matching the end face size of the target catalyst module 2) and uniform field strength distribution. In practical applications, for large-section catalyst modules 2, multiple horn antennas 13 can be arranged in an array to provide coordinated illumination, ensuring complete coverage of the module's end face.

[0034] Optionally, the moving unit 20 includes a chassis 21 and an adjustment mechanism 22 (such as a two-axis manipulator). The chassis 21 can be equipped with wheels (or tracks) that match the support beams / guide rails inside the reactor, enabling it to move between different catalyst modules 2. The microwave directional radiation unit 10 and the shielding structure 30 are mounted on the chassis 21 via the adjustment mechanism 22. The adjustment mechanism 22 is used to adjust the position and distance of the microwave directional radiation unit 10 and the shielding structure 30 relative to the end face of the catalyst module 2. During use, the operator can first manipulate the chassis 21 to move the microwave directional radiation unit 10 and the shielding structure 30 to the target position inside the SCR reactor. Then, according to the actual position of the catalyst module 2, the operator manipulates the adjustment mechanism 22 to adjust the position of the shielding structure 30 so that the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 is aligned with the end face of the catalyst module 2, and simultaneously adjusts the distance between the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 and the end face of the catalyst module 2, preparing for subsequent directional microwave radiation.

[0035] It should be noted that the adjustment mechanism 22 can adjust the position of the shielding structure 30 by aligning the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 with the end face of the single catalyst module 2, or by aligning the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 with different areas of the end face of the single catalyst module 2. This is related to the size of the opening 31 and the irradiation area of ​​the directional microwave beam, and this embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0036] It should also be noted that the adjustment mechanism 22 adjusts the distance between the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 and the end face of the catalyst module 2 (e.g., 5-15mm) in order to make the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 fit with the end face of the catalyst module 2, so as to prevent microwave energy from leaking out from the gap between the opening 31 and the end face of the catalyst module 2.

[0037] Optionally, the inner wall of the shielding structure 30 is provided with a microwave absorbing material layer 32 (such as a 5-10 mm thick silicon carbide-based absorbing material). When the microwave directional radiation unit 10 is working, the microwave absorbing material layer 32 can absorb the sidelobe microwave beams and diverging beams inside the shielding structure 30 (such as converting these microwave energies into heat energy and dissipating them), suppressing or eliminating the standing wave effect inside the shielding structure 30, and preventing the reflected microwaves from interfering with the normal operation of the antenna 13 and the microwave generator 11.

[0038] Optionally, a gap exists between the opening 31 and the metal frame of the catalyst module 2 end face. A choke ring 33 is provided at the edge of the opening 31 to suppress microwave energy diffusion outward from the opening 31. In this embodiment, the choke ring 33 is an annular groove formed at the edge of the opening 31, and its depth is equal to one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the microwave directional radiation unit 10. For example, when the operating frequency is 2.45 GHz, the groove depth is approximately 30.6 mm, and when the operating frequency is 915 MHz, the groove depth is approximately 81.9 mm. That is, when aligning with the catalyst module 2, a physical gap can be maintained between the opening 31 of the shielding structure 30 and the end face of the catalyst module 2, i.e., the two do not need to be in contact. At the same time, the choke ring 33 structure provided at the edge of the opening 31, through its specific reactance characteristics, can form a high impedance state at this gap, effectively suppressing and blocking microwave energy diffusion and leakage outward from this gap. This design can achieve efficient suppression of microwave energy leakage without relying on physical close contact, avoiding damage caused by physical contact between the shielding structure 30 and the catalyst module 2.

[0039] Optionally, the device further includes a microwave leakage monitoring unit 40, which is disposed on the shielding structure 30 and used to monitor the microwave leakage value (such as microwave power density) outside the shielding structure 30. The control unit is also communicatively connected to the microwave leakage monitoring unit 40 and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit 10 to stop microwave emission when the microwave leakage value exceeds a safety threshold. That is, during the operation of the microwave directional radiation unit 10, the microwave leakage monitoring unit 40 disposed on the shielding structure 30 continuously monitors the microwave leakage value outside the device and transmits the data to the control unit in real time. Once the monitored microwave leakage value exceeds a preset safety threshold (such as 5mW / cm²), the control unit will stop the microwave emission. 2The control unit can immediately send a command to the microwave directional radiation unit 10 to automatically stop microwave emission, thereby interrupting potential leakage risks. This design upgrades traditional external safety reliance to a built-in, automated active safety mechanism, which helps improve the safety and reliability of the entire regeneration process.

[0040] Optionally, the device also includes a temperature monitoring unit 50, which is disposed on the shielding structure 30 and used to monitor the surface temperature of the catalyst module 2. The control unit is also communicatively connected to the temperature monitoring unit 50 and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit 10 to reduce the microwave power or stop microwave emission when the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold. That is, during the microwave heating regeneration process, the temperature monitoring unit 50 disposed on the shielding structure 30 continuously measures the real-time temperature of the catalyst module 2 surface. When the temperature value exceeds the preset safety or process upper limit threshold (such as 350°C), the control unit will automatically control the microwave directional radiation unit 10 to reduce the output power or completely stop microwave emission according to the preset program, thereby avoiding catalyst damage due to overheating. This temperature closed-loop control mechanism can achieve precise temperature control and over-temperature protection in the catalyst regeneration process by implementing feedback and automatic control, effectively preventing catalyst overheating sintering, destruction of active components, or thermal damage to the module structure caused by excessive microwave power, local focusing, or uneven heat dissipation, thus ensuring regeneration quality and catalyst lifespan. At the same time, automated control avoids the lag and uncertainty of manual monitoring, improving the stability, safety, and intelligence level of the regeneration process.

[0041] Optionally, the device also includes a gas extraction unit 60 and a tail gas treatment unit. The gas extraction unit 60 is connected to the shielding structure 30 and is used to extract gas from the surface of the catalyst module 2 through the shielding structure 30. The tail gas treatment unit is connected to the outlet of the gas extraction unit 60 and is used to treat the gas extracted by the gas extraction unit 60 before discharging it. That is, during the process of microwave heating the catalyst to decompose ammonium bisulfate (ABS), the gas extraction unit 60 is activated and can extract the decomposition gases (such as SO2, NH3, etc.) generated on the catalyst surface in a timely manner through the negative pressure area formed by the shielding structure 30. Subsequently, these extracted gases are sent to the tail gas treatment unit for purification treatment and are discharged after meeting the standards. This design can realize the in-situ collection and environmentally friendly treatment of harmful products in the regeneration process, prevent these harmful gases from re-condensing and depositing on the catalyst surface, and protect operators from the hazards of harmful gases.

[0042] It should be noted that the shielding structure 30 is provided with an air outlet, which is located at the end of the shielding structure 30 away from the catalyst module 2. The shielding structure 30 is connected to the gas extraction unit 60 through the air outlet, so that the gas extraction unit 60 can form a negative pressure inside the shielding structure 30 when it is working.

[0043] Optionally, the device also includes a gas concentration monitoring unit 70, which is located inside the outlet of the shielding structure 30. The gas concentration monitoring unit 70 monitors the concentration of ABS decomposition products in the gas drawn by the gas extraction unit 60. The control unit is also communicatively connected to the gas concentration monitoring unit 70 and the gas extraction unit 60, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit 10 to stop microwave emission when the concentration drops to a concentration threshold, and to control the gas extraction unit 60 to continue operating for a set duration. In other words, during the operation of the gas extraction unit 60, the gas concentration monitoring unit 70 analyzes the concentration of ABS decomposition products in the extracted gas flow in real time. When the concentration value decreases and stabilizes at a preset concentration threshold, the control unit first controls the microwave directional radiation unit 10 to stop heating, and then controls the gas extraction unit 60 to continue operating for a preset duration to completely remove residual gas. This design can indirectly and accurately determine the degree of regeneration completion by monitoring the concentration of reaction products, replacing traditional fixed-time control and avoiding catalyst damage and energy waste caused by insufficient or excessive heating.

[0044] It should be noted that during the ABS decomposition process, the concentration of harmful gases gradually increases and then decreases from its peak. Therefore, the control unit needs to first determine if the concentration of harmful gases shows a downward trend, and then determine whether catalyst module 2 has reached its regeneration critical point based on the concentration of harmful gases.

[0045] Optionally, the device also includes a human-machine interface that can display microwave leakage status, catalyst temperature, and harmful gas concentration. During use, operators can perform relevant operations based on the microwave leakage status, catalyst temperature, and harmful gas concentration.

[0046] Example 1 1. Target of processing: The SCR denitrification reactor of a 660MW coal-fired power unit contains three layers of honeycomb catalyst (V2O5-WO3 / TiO2), with approximately 180 modules per layer. Due to prolonged low-load operation, significant ABS deposition and deactivation occurred in the first layer of catalyst. Microwave online regeneration of all catalyst modules in the first layer was performed during the unit's maintenance window (planned shutdown of approximately 15 days). Each treatment was performed on a module-by-module basis (each module contains catalyst monomers measuring 150mm × 150mm, totaling 6 × 12 = 72 monomers).

[0047] 2. Processing steps: (1) Preparation stage: After the unit is shut down and ventilation and cooling are completed, open the reactor door. Insert the microwave online regeneration device into the first catalyst channel of the reactor.

[0048] The control unit is mounted on a platform outside the reactor and is connected to the device via cables and pipelines.

[0049] The device moves to the front of the first catalyst module to be treated via a mobile chassis.

[0050] (2) Alignment and positioning: With the assistance of a camera on the device, the operator remotely controls the adjustment mechanism to align the opening of the shielding structure with the end face of the target catalyst module.

[0051] A gap of approximately 10 mm is maintained between the leading edge of the shielding structure opening and the end face of the catalyst module.

[0052] Lock the wheels of the chassis.

[0053] (3) Parameter setting and startup: Set parameters on the central control cabinet touchscreen: Microwave power: 60kW (Due to the large size and weight of a single module, the system uses multiple units connected in parallel for output, and can automatically adjust within the range of 40-70kW based on temperature feedback).

[0054] Target processing time: approximately 90 minutes per module.

[0055] Catalyst surface temperature limit: 320℃.

[0056] Exhaust air velocity: 3m / s.

[0057] Startup procedure: The system first turns on the gas extraction unit, and after confirming that the airflow is normal, it starts microwave transmission.

[0058] (4) Regeneration process and monitoring: The microwave system supplies power to the horn antenna at a frequency of 2.45 GHz and an initial total power of 60 kW. After being shaped by the antenna, the microwaves uniformly irradiate the end face of the catalyst module in the form of a directional traveling wave and enter the interior of the catalyst channels.

[0059] Real-time display of the human-machine interface: The temperature monitoring unit showed that the catalyst end face temperature rapidly rose to 280℃ after startup, and then stabilized in the range of 290-310℃. When the temperature in a certain area approached 320℃, the system automatically reduced the microwave power irradiating that area.

[0060] The gas concentration monitoring unit detected a significant increase in NH3 concentration at the beginning of the process, which reached a peak, and then gradually decreased over time.

[0061] The microwave leakage monitoring unit continuously monitors the microwave power density outside the shielding enclosure, which remains below 0.5 mW / cm². 2 It is far below the safety standard of 5mW / cm².

[0062] (5) Single module endpoint determination: When the 90-minute treatment time was up, the concentration of harmful gases had dropped to below 5 ppm, indicating that most of the ABS had been decomposed and discharged.

[0063] The system automatically stops microwave emission, but the exhaust system continues to run for 5 minutes to remove residual gas and assist in cooling.

[0064] (6) Transfer and continuation: Release the chassis brakes and the device moves to the next catalyst module.

[0065] Repeat steps (2) to (5) to regenerate the other catalyst modules.

[0066] 3. Results: After regeneration, the BET specific surface area of ​​the bottom catalyst was sampled and tested, showing an increase from 34.2 m² before regeneration. 2 / g recovered to 52.6m 2 The / g indicates that a significant amount of ABS blockage has been effectively removed. No catalyst module was disassembled during the entire process, and no microwave leakage alarms or safety incidents occurred.

[0067] Example 2 1. Target of processing: The SCR reactor at a waste incineration power plant, equipped with corrugated plate catalyst (V₂O₅-WO₃ / TiO₂), experienced frequent flue gas temperature fluctuations due to the complex fuel composition, leading to ABS deposition and catalyst deactivation. This power plant employs a low-temperature SCR process, with flue gas temperatures consistently operating within the 200-280℃ range, making regeneration via heating methods impossible. During planned maintenance, online regeneration of the catalyst in key deactivated areas was implemented. Each regeneration was performed on a module-by-module basis.

[0068] 2. Processing steps: (1) Preparation: The device is fed into the reactor and positioned in the area of ​​severe deactivation.

[0069] (2) Parameter settings: Microwave power: 40kW.

[0070] Target processing time: 30 minutes per stage (multi-stage cycle processing may be implemented as needed).

[0071] Catalyst surface temperature limit: 300℃.

[0072] Activate the ventilation system to expel the decomposition gases.

[0073] (3) Regeneration process: A microwave beam is directed from the end face of the catalyst module into the channel between the corrugated plates. The ABS deposits absorb the microwave energy and rapidly heat up and decompose.

[0074] Due to the scattering effect of microwaves by the corrugated structure of the plate catalyst, the system automatically fine-tunes the relative phase of the two antenna arrays to optimize the penetration depth and uniformity of the beam in the inter-plate channel.

[0075] Real-time monitoring showed that the catalyst surface temperature remained stable at 275-295℃, and the NH3 concentration peaked between 5 and 20 minutes, before returning to the background level after 25 minutes.

[0076] (4) Processing by region: There are 20 modules in the key area. Each module is aligned and processed in turn, and all are completed within the planned maintenance period.

[0077] 3. Results: The specific surface area of ​​the catalyst in the treated area increased from 32.1 m². 2 / g recovered to 58.7m 2 / g.

[0078] One or more embodiments in this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments in this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An online regeneration device for denitrification catalysts based on traveling wave fields, used to regenerate low-temperature deactivated catalyst modules within the SCR reactor of a generator set, characterized in that, The device includes: A microwave directional radiation unit is used to generate microwave energy and shape it into a directional microwave beam. A moving unit is used to carry and move the microwave directional radiation unit so that the microwave directional radiation unit can be aligned with different catalyst modules within the reactor. A shielding structure is provided, covering the microwave directional radiation unit and having an opening facing the catalyst module, to suppress the outward diffusion of microwave energy; The control unit is communicatively connected to the microwave directional radiation unit and the mobile unit, and is used to remotely control the microwave directional radiation unit and the mobile unit according to preset parameters or feedback signals.

2. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microwave directional radiation unit includes a microwave generator, a waveguide transmission line, and an antenna. The waveguide transmission line is connected to the output end of the microwave generator, and the antenna is connected to the end of the waveguide transmission line, for radiating microwave energy into the directional microwave beam.

3. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile unit includes a chassis and an adjustment mechanism. The microwave directional radiation unit and the shielding structure are mounted on the chassis via the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the position and distance of the microwave directional radiation unit and the shielding structure relative to the end face of the catalyst module.

4. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the shielding structure is provided with a microwave absorbing material layer.

5. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between the opening and the metal frame at the end face of the catalyst module, and a choke ring is provided at the edge of the opening to suppress the diffusion of microwave energy outward from the opening.

6. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 5, characterized in that, The choke is an annular groove formed at the edge of the opening, the depth of which is equal to one-quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the microwave directional radiation unit.

7. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: A microwave leakage monitoring unit is installed in the shielding structure to monitor the microwave leakage value outside the shielding structure; The control unit is also communicatively connected to the microwave leakage monitoring unit, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit to stop microwave emission when the microwave leakage value exceeds a safety threshold.

8. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: A temperature monitoring unit, disposed in the shielding structure, is used to monitor the temperature of the catalyst module surface; The control unit is also communicatively connected to the temperature monitoring unit, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit to reduce microwave power or stop microwave emission when the temperature exceeds the temperature threshold.

9. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes: A gas extraction unit, connected to the shielding structure, is used to extract gas from the surface of the catalyst module through the shielding structure. The exhaust gas treatment unit is connected to the outlet end of the gas extraction unit and is used to treat the gas extracted by the gas extraction unit before discharging it.

10. The online regeneration device for denitrification catalyst based on traveling wave field according to claim 9, characterized in that, The device further includes: A gas concentration monitoring unit is used to monitor the concentration of ABS decomposition products in the gas drawn by the gas extraction unit; The control unit is also communicatively connected to the gas concentration monitoring unit and the gas extraction unit, and is used to control the microwave directional radiation unit to stop microwave emission when the concentration drops to a concentration threshold, and to control the gas extraction unit to continue operating for a set duration.

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