Solar energy ammonia synthesis system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ammonia synthesis devices, and provides a solar energy ammonia synthesis system. The solar energy ammonia synthesis system comprises a heat collecting unit, a steam unit and a power generation unit, a pipeline assembly and a solar energy heat collector, the pipeline assembly is communicated with the solar energy heat collector to form a heating loop for circulating flow of a heat conducting medium, the steam unit and the power generation unit are connected to the heating loop, the heat conducting medium flowing out of the solar energy heat collector sequentially flows through the steam unit and the power generation unit, the steam unit generates high-temperature water vapor by using the heat energy of the flowing heat conducting medium, the power generation unit generates power by using the heat energy of the flowing heat conducting medium and supplies the power to an electrolysis unit, the electrolysis unit receives the power output by the power generation unit and receives and electrolyzes the high-temperature water vapor to obtain hydrogen, an air separation unit is used for separating air to obtain nitrogen, and a synthesis unit is communicated with the electrolysis unit and the air separation unit respectively and is used for receiving the hydrogen and the nitrogen and synthesizing ammonia. Solar energy is utilized in stages to improve the energy utilization rate of the ammonia synthesis system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ammonia production equipment technology, and more particularly to a solar-powered ammonia synthesis system. Background Technology

[0002] Converting renewable electricity into low-carbon ammonia fuel is of great significance for promoting energy structure transformation and achieving decarbonization of chemical processes. This technological approach can not only effectively absorb renewable energy power and alleviate grid connection problems caused by its intermittency and instability, but also replace the dependence on fossil fuels in traditional ammonia synthesis processes, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and promote the development of the green chemical industry.

[0003] However, in existing ammonia production units, the ammonia synthesis reaction needs to be carried out continuously at high temperatures and pressures, relying on external heat sources to maintain the reaction temperature. There is a large amount of heat loss in the process, and the acquisition of hydrogen depends on a continuous water electrolysis process, which consumes a lot of electricity. Ultimately, the overall energy utilization rate of the system is low and the operating energy consumption is high, which restricts the large-scale application of ammonia production units. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a solar-powered ammonia synthesis system.

[0005] This application provides a solar-powered ammonia synthesis system, comprising: A heat collection unit includes a solar collector and a piping assembly, wherein the piping assembly is connected to the solar collector to form a heating loop for the circulation of a heat-conducting medium. The steam unit and the power generation unit are connected to the heating circuit, so that the heat-conducting medium flowing out of the solar collector flows through the steam unit and the power generation unit in sequence; The steam unit uses the thermal energy of the heat-conducting medium flowing through it to generate high-temperature steam, and the power generation unit uses the thermal energy of the heat-conducting medium flowing through it to generate electricity and supply power to the electrolysis unit. An electrolysis unit receives electrical energy output from the power generation unit and receives and electrolyzes the high-temperature water vapor to obtain hydrogen. An air separation unit is used to separate air to obtain nitrogen. The synthesis unit is connected to the electrolysis unit and the air separation unit respectively, and is used to receive the hydrogen and the nitrogen and synthesize ammonia.

[0006] Optionally, the piping assembly includes a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and heat-conducting pipes; The solar collector, the first heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger are connected in series through the heat-conducting pipe to form a closed heating circuit, and the first heat exchanger is located upstream of the second heat exchanger. The steam unit is thermally connected to the first heat exchanger to generate the high-temperature steam using the heat from the first heat exchanger. The power generation unit is thermally connected to the second heat exchanger to generate electricity using the heat energy of the second heat exchanger.

[0007] Optionally, the solar collector includes a reflector and a receiver. The receiver has a flow channel inside, and the flow channel is connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger through the heat-conducting pipe to form the heating circuit together. The reflector has an arc-shaped reflective surface for focusing sunlight, and the receiver is located at the focal point of the arc-shaped reflective surface.

[0008] Optionally, the power generation unit includes a medium circulation section and a turbine generator set; The medium circulation section is connected in series with the turbine generator set to form a medium circulation loop for circulating the power generation medium. The second heat exchanger is connected to the medium circulation loop and is located between the medium circulation section and the turbine generator set; The second heat exchanger heats the power generation medium that is output from the medium circulation section to the turbine generator set, so that the turbine generator set can generate electricity using the thermal energy of the power generation medium; The turbine generator set is electrically connected to the electrolysis unit so that the turbine generator set supplies energy to the electrolysis unit.

[0009] Optionally, the medium circulation section includes a regeneration component and a compression component; The regenerative assembly is connected to the turbine generator set through a first pipeline and a second pipeline, so that the power generation medium in the regenerative assembly is output to the turbine generator set through the first pipeline, and the power generation medium discharged by the turbine generator set flows back to the regenerative assembly through the second pipeline. The second heat exchanger is disposed on the first pipeline. The regenerative component is also connected to the compression component via a third pipe and a fourth pipe, so that the power generation medium in the regenerative component flows back to the regenerative component in sequence through the third pipe, the compression component and the fourth pipe; The regenerative component uses the heat from the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set to preheat the power generation medium output by the compression component.

[0010] Optionally, the regenerative assembly includes a high-temperature regenerator and a low-temperature regenerator, and the compression assembly includes a main compressor, a secondary compressor, and a cooler; The high-temperature regenerator is connected to the turbine generator set through the first pipeline and the second pipeline, so that the power generation medium in the high-temperature regenerator can flow back to the high-temperature regenerator through the turbine generator set; The low-temperature regenerator and the high-temperature regenerator are connected by pipelines so that the low-temperature regenerator and the high-temperature regenerator can exchange the power generation medium; The low-temperature regenerator and the cooler are connected by a pipeline, and the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set can be input into the cooler after passing through the high-temperature regenerator and the low-temperature regenerator in sequence. The main compressor is connected to the low-temperature regenerator, and the secondary compressor is connected to the high-temperature regenerator; The cooler is connected to the main compressor and the secondary compressor, so that a portion of the power generation medium output by the cooler is input into the high-temperature regenerator via the main compressor and the low-temperature regenerator, and the remaining power generation medium is input into the high-temperature regenerator via the secondary compressor.

[0011] Optionally, the steam unit includes a dehumidifier, a humidifier, and a third heat exchanger; The dehumidifier is provided with a liquid chamber and a condensation chamber. The liquid chamber is used to introduce seawater. The liquid chamber is connected to the humidifier through a liquid pipe so that the seawater in the liquid chamber is sprayed into the humidifier through the liquid pipe. The third heat exchanger is thermally connected to the medium circulation loop of the power generation unit and is located downstream of the turbine generator set. The liquid pipeline is thermally connected to the third heat exchanger, so that the third heat exchanger can use the heat of the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set to preheat the seawater entering the humidifier. Cold air is introduced into the humidifier, which mixes with the preheated seawater inside the humidifier to form humid and warm air. The condensation chamber receives the humid air and condenses the humid air to obtain fresh water; The condensation chamber is connected to the electrolysis unit via a water supply pipeline, and the first heat exchanger is installed on the water supply pipeline to evaporate the fresh water flowing through the water supply pipeline to form high-temperature water vapor.

[0012] Optionally, the condensation chamber is interconnected with the humidifier via a first gas pipeline and a second gas pipeline; The hot, humid air inside the humidifier is introduced into the condensation chamber through the first gas pipe; The hot and humid air is condensed and separated into cold air in the condensation chamber, so that the cold air is introduced into the humidifier through the second gas pipeline.

[0013] Optionally, the electrolysis unit includes an electrolytic cell and a hydrogen separator; The electrolytic cell is connected to the steam unit to receive the high-temperature steam; The electrolytic cell is electrically connected to the power generation unit, and the electrolytic cell uses the electrical energy output by the power generation unit to electrolyze the high-temperature water vapor; The hydrogen separator is connected to the electrolytic cell and the synthesis unit. The hydrogen separator separates the gas generated by the electrolysis of the electrolytic cell to obtain the hydrogen.

[0014] Optionally, the synthesis unit includes a synthesis reaction apparatus, a refrigeration apparatus, and a storage tank; The synthesis reaction apparatus is connected to the air separation unit and the electrolysis unit, and the refrigeration device is connected between the liquid storage tank and the synthesis reaction apparatus; The synthesis reaction apparatus receives hydrogen and nitrogen to synthesize ammonia, and the ammonia is introduced into the refrigeration device, cooled and liquefied, and then stored in the storage tank.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system provided in this application utilizes solar energy as a heat source for the solar collector unit, realizing the utilization of renewable energy. The steam unit and power generation unit utilize the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium in a cascade manner. The steam unit first generates high-temperature steam for electrolysis, and the power generation unit uses waste heat to generate electricity, significantly improving the utilization efficiency of solar energy. The electrolysis unit directly uses high-temperature steam and electrical energy from the power generation unit, reducing external energy input. Through the cooperation of the solar collector unit, steam unit, power generation unit, electrolysis unit, and synthesis unit, the high-temperature steam generated by solar energy improves the efficiency of hydrogen production through electrolysis, and the waste heat is used to generate electricity. The cascade utilization of solar energy improves the overall energy utilization rate of the solar-powered ammonia synthesis system, laying the foundation for the large-scale application of ammonia production plants. Attached Figure Description The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solar-powered ammonia synthesis system described in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Among them, 11. Solar collector; 111. Reflector; 112. Receiver; 121. First heat exchanger; 122. Second heat exchanger; 123. Heat transfer pipe; 21. Dehumidifier; 22. Humidifier; 23. Third heat exchanger; 24. Water supply pipe; 31. Medium circulation section; 311. High-temperature regenerator; 312. Low-temperature regenerator; 314. Main compressor; 315. Secondary compressor; 316. Cooler; 32. Turbine generator set; 33. First pipe; 34. Second pipe; 41. Electrolyzer; 42. Hydrogen separator; 5. Air separation unit; 61. Synthesis reaction device; 62. Refrigeration device; 63. Liquid storage tank; 7. Multistage gas compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Existing ammonia production equipment typically includes a reaction unit, an energy supply unit, and an external heat source. The reaction unit continuously electrolyzes water to obtain hydrogen, which then reacts with nitrogen to produce ammonia. The reaction unit requires an energy supply unit to provide electricity during water electrolysis and also requires an external heat source for heating, resulting in low overall energy utilization and high operating energy consumption for the ammonia production equipment.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a solar-powered ammonia synthesis system, comprising: a heat collection unit, including a solar collector 11 and a piping assembly, the piping assembly being connected to the solar collector 11 to form a heating circuit for circulating heat transfer medium; a steam unit and a power generation unit, connected to the heating circuit, such that the heat transfer medium flowing out of the solar collector 11 flows sequentially through the steam unit and the power generation unit; the steam unit uses the thermal energy of the flowing heat transfer medium to generate high-temperature steam, and the power generation unit uses the thermal energy of the flowing heat transfer medium to generate electricity and supply power to the electrolysis unit; the electrolysis unit receives the electrical energy output from the power generation unit and receives and electrolyzes the high-temperature steam to obtain hydrogen; an air separation unit 5, used to separate air to obtain nitrogen; and a synthesis unit, connected to both the electrolysis unit and the air separation unit 5, used to receive hydrogen and nitrogen and synthesize ammonia.

[0023] Solar energy provides a heat source for the solar collector unit, realizing the utilization of renewable energy. The steam unit and power generation unit utilize the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium in a cascade manner. The steam unit first uses it to generate high-temperature steam for electrolysis, and the power generation unit uses waste heat to generate electricity, which greatly improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy. The electrolysis unit directly uses high-temperature steam and electrical energy from the power generation unit, reducing the input of external energy. Through the cooperation of the solar collector unit, steam unit, power generation unit, electrolysis unit and synthesis unit, the high-temperature steam generated by solar energy improves the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolysis, and the waste heat is used to generate electricity. The cascade utilization of solar energy improves the overall energy utilization rate of the solar ammonia synthesis system, laying the foundation for the large-scale application of ammonia production units. The solar collector unit, serving as the energy input of the system, consists of a solar collector 11 and a piping assembly. The solar collector 11 can be an existing type of collector, such as a trough, tower, or dish type. The piping assembly is made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant metal tubing with a smooth interior to reduce the flow resistance of the heat transfer medium. Both ends of the piping assembly are sealed to the solar collector 11, forming a closed heating circuit. The heating circuit is filled with heat-conducting oil, molten salt, or air as the heat transfer medium.

[0024] In some embodiments, the piping assembly includes a first heat exchanger 121, a second heat exchanger 122, and a heat-conducting pipe 123; the solar collector 11, the first heat exchanger 121, and the second heat exchanger 122 are connected in series through the heat-conducting pipe 123 to form a closed heating circuit, and the first heat exchanger 121 is located upstream of the second heat exchanger 122; a steam unit is thermally connected to the first heat exchanger 121 to generate high-temperature steam using the heat from the first heat exchanger 121; and a power generation unit is thermally connected to the second heat exchanger 122 to generate electricity using the thermal energy from the second heat exchanger 122.

[0025] This configuration, by designing the piping assembly as a series connection of the first heat exchanger 121 and the second heat exchanger 122, and clearly defining their upstream and downstream relationship, achieves precise cascade utilization of the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium.

[0026] Specifically, both the first heat exchanger 121 and the second heat exchanger 122 are shell-and-tube heat exchangers. The heat exchangers have curved heat exchange pipes and heating pipes inside. The heat exchange pipes form inlets and outlets on the outer shell surface of the heat exchangers, and the heating pipes form inlets and outlets on the outer shell of the heat exchangers.

[0027] The inlet of the first heat exchanger 121 is connected to the solar collector 11 via a pipe. The inlet of the second heat exchanger 122 is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchanger 121 via a pipe, and the outlet of the second heat exchanger 122 is connected to the solar collector 11 via a pipe. Multiple pipes serve as heat transfer lines 123, connecting the first heat exchanger 121, the second heat exchanger 122, and the solar collector 11 to form a closed loop, in which the heat transfer medium circulates. The first heat exchanger 121 is upstream of the second heat exchanger 122, meaning that after the heat transfer medium flows out of the solar collector 11, it first flows through the first heat exchanger 121, then through the second heat exchanger 122, and finally returns to the solar collector 11.

[0028] The high-temperature heat transfer medium (temperature above 800℃) heated by the solar collector 11 first enters the heat exchange pipe of the first heat exchanger 121 through the heat transfer pipe 123, where it exchanges heat with the water in the heating pipe, heating the water to form high-temperature steam with a temperature greater than 700℃. After passing through the first heat exchanger 121, the temperature of the heat transfer medium drops to 400℃ to 500℃, and then flows through the heat transfer pipe 123 into the heat exchange pipe of the second heat exchanger 122. There, the heat transfer medium exchanges heat with the power generation medium in the heating pipe, enabling the power generation unit to generate electricity. After flowing through the second heat exchanger 122, the temperature of the heat transfer medium further decreases, and then it flows back to the solar collector 11 through the heat transfer pipe 123 for reheating.

[0029] In some embodiments, the solar collector 11 includes a reflector 111 and a receiver 112. The receiver 112 has a flow channel inside, which is connected to a first heat exchanger 121 and a second heat exchanger 122 through a heat-conducting pipe 123 to form a heating circuit. The reflector 111 has an arc-shaped reflective surface for focusing sunlight, and the receiver 112 is located at the focal point of the arc-shaped reflective surface.

[0030] With this configuration, the parabolic reflector 111 can focus solar radiation over a large area onto the receiver 112, significantly improving the energy density per unit area. The receiver 112, located at the focal point, ensures the focusing effect and provides sufficient thermal energy for the stable operation of subsequent units, thereby improving the utilization rate of solar energy.

[0031] Specifically, reflector 111 adopts a parabolic reflector structure with an arc-shaped reflective surface for focusing sunlight. This surface is polished and coated with a high-reflectivity silver or aluminum film, achieving a reflectivity of over 90%. The parabolic parameters of the arc-shaped reflective surface are designed according to focusing requirements, and the opening area is determined based on the system's heat collection power. A support is located at the bottom of reflector 111, which can rotate reflector 111 around horizontal and vertical axes to achieve solar tracking and maximize solar energy reception.

[0032] The receiver 112 has a cylindrical structure with an internal flow channel for the heat-conducting medium. This flow channel can be spiral or straight; in this embodiment, a spiral shape is preferred to increase the contact area between the heat-conducting medium and the inner wall of the receiver 112, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. The receiver 112 may be externally coated with a heat-absorbing coating. This heat-absorbing coating is a selective absorption coating with an absorption rate of over 90% for solar radiation and an emissivity of less than 10%, reducing its own heat radiation loss.

[0033] The receiver 112 is positioned at the focal point of the curved reflective surface of the reflector 111, specifically fixed above the reflector 111 by a bracket, ensuring that the sunlight reflected by the reflector 111 can be accurately focused onto the receiver 112.

[0034] The flow channel inside the receiver 112 is connected to the first heat exchanger 121 and the second heat exchanger 122 through the heat conduction pipe 123. That is, the inlet of the flow channel is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange pipe of the second heat exchanger 122 through the heat conduction pipe 123, and the outlet of the flow channel is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange pipe of the first heat exchanger 121 through the heat conduction pipe 123, together forming a closed heating circuit.

[0035] The power generation component of the power generation unit is connected to the heating pipe of the second heat exchanger 122, so that the power generation medium flowing in the power generation unit exchanges heat with the high-temperature heat-conducting medium in the second heat exchanger 122 through the heating pipe, so as to generate electricity by utilizing the heat of the heat-conducting medium in the second heat exchanger 122.

[0036] The power generation unit can choose to use a supercritical carbon dioxide recompression power cycle (SCRPC) system to generate electricity.

[0037] Specifically, the power generation unit includes a medium circulation section 31 and a turbine generator set 32; the medium circulation section 31 and the turbine generator set 32 ​​are connected in series to form a medium circulation loop for circulating the power generation medium; a second heat exchanger 122 is connected to the medium circulation loop and is located between the medium circulation section 31 and the turbine generator set 32; the second heat exchanger 122 heats the power generation medium output from the medium circulation section 31 to the turbine generator set 32, so that the turbine generator set 32 ​​can generate electricity using the thermal energy of the power generation medium; the turbine generator set 32 ​​is electrically connected to the electrolysis unit so that the turbine generator set 32 ​​supplies energy to the electrolysis unit.

[0038] This configuration, by designing the power generation unit as a series connection between the medium circulation section 31 and the turbine generator set 32, and connecting the second heat exchanger 122 to a specific location in the medium circulation loop, achieves efficient utilization of the waste heat of the heat transfer medium. The power generation medium is first preheated by the evaporator, and then fully heated and vaporized by the waste heat of the heat transfer medium in the second heat exchanger 122, improving the energy quality of the power generation medium and thus enhancing the power generation efficiency of the turbine generator set 32. The electrical energy generated by the turbine generator set 32 ​​is directly supplied to the electrolysis unit, reducing the system's dependence on external power grid power and lowering operating costs.

[0039] The medium circulation section 31 has a housing and a medium channel. The outlet and inlet of the medium channel are connected to the turbine generator set 32 ​​through two pipelines so that the power generation medium can circulate between the medium circulation section 31 and the turbine generator set 32.

[0040] The second heat exchanger 122 is connected to the medium circulation loop and is located between the medium circulation section 31 and the turbine generator set 32. The power generation medium is supercritical carbon dioxide, that is, carbon dioxide is heated by the second heat exchanger 122 into a high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical fluid to enter the turbine generator set 32 ​​to generate electricity.

[0041] The turbine generator set 32 ​​includes a turbine impeller and a generator. Supercritical carbon dioxide is in a fluid state. When the supercritical carbon dioxide is input into the turbine generator set 32, it drives the turbine impeller to rotate. The rotation of the turbine impeller drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, thus generating electricity. The turbine generator set 32 ​​is electrically connected to the electrolysis unit. A cable connects the output terminal of the generator to the power input terminal of the electrolysis unit, so that the electrical energy generated by the turbine generator set 32 ​​supplies power to the electrolysis unit.

[0042] In some embodiments, the medium circulation section 31 includes a regeneration component and a compression component; the regeneration component is connected to the turbine generator set 32 ​​via a first pipeline 33 and a second pipeline 34, so that the power generation medium in the regeneration component is output to the turbine generator set 32 ​​via the first pipeline 33, and the power generation medium discharged from the turbine generator set 32 ​​flows back to the regeneration component via the second pipeline 34, and a second heat exchanger 122 is disposed on the first pipeline 33; the regeneration component is also connected to the compression component via a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline, so that the power generation medium in the regeneration component flows back to the regeneration component in sequence via the third pipeline, the compression component and the fourth pipeline; the regeneration component uses the heat of the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set 32 ​​to preheat the power generation medium output by the compression component.

[0043] With this configuration, the regenerative component effectively recovers the waste heat from the low-temperature, low-pressure power generation medium discharged from the turbine generator set 32. This waste heat is used to preheat the compressed power generation medium, reducing the consumption of external heat sources, increasing the inlet temperature of the power generation medium to the turbine, and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the turbine generator set 32.

[0044] Specifically, the regenerative assembly recovers waste heat from the power generation medium, and the compression assembly compresses the power generation medium and drives its flow. The regenerative assembly's casing contains a heat storage pipeline and a heat equalization pipeline, and is filled with a heat storage medium. The first pipeline 33 is connected to the heat equalization pipeline, and the turbine generator set 32 ​​is connected to the heat storage pipeline. The compression assembly is connected to the third and fourth pipelines; the third pipeline is connected to the heat storage pipeline, and the fourth pipeline is connected to the heat equalization pipeline. The power generation medium flows from the heat storage pipeline through the third pipeline into the compression assembly, where it is compressed to increase its pressure. The medium is then discharged through the fourth pipeline into the heat equalization pipeline, and finally fed into the turbine generator set 32.

[0045] The power generation medium output from the turbine generator set 32 ​​flows into the heat storage pipeline of the regenerator assembly, whereby the heat storage medium absorbs the heat from the power generation medium in the heat storage pipeline. The power generation medium in the heat exchange pipeline exchanges heat with the heat storage medium and is heated to complete the preheating. The heating pipeline of the second heat exchanger 122 is connected to the first pipeline 33. The power generation medium in the heat exchange pipeline is output to the turbine generator set 32 ​​through the first pipeline 33, so that the heat transfer medium in the second heat exchanger 122 heats the power generation medium flowing into the turbine generator set 32.

[0046] After the turbine impeller of the turbine generator set 32 ​​is rotated to generate electricity, its temperature will decrease. The heat recovery component uses the waste heat of the power generation medium output from the turbine generator set 32 ​​to heat the power generation medium that is about to enter the turbine generator set 32.

[0047] In some embodiments, the regenerative assembly includes a high-temperature regenerator 311 and a low-temperature regenerator 312, and the compression assembly includes a main compressor 314, a secondary compressor 315, and a cooler 316. The high-temperature regenerator 311 is connected to a turbine generator set 32 ​​via a first pipeline 33 and a second pipeline 34, so that the power generation medium in the high-temperature regenerator 311 can flow back to the high-temperature regenerator 311 via the turbine generator set 32. The low-temperature regenerator 312 is connected to the high-temperature regenerator 311 via a pipeline, so that the low-temperature regenerator 312 and the high-temperature regenerator 311 can exchange power generation medium. The low-temperature regenerator 312 is connected to the cooler 316. Cooler 316 is connected via pipelines, and the power generation medium output from turbine generator set 32 ​​can be sequentially fed into cooler 316 through high-temperature regenerator 311 and low-temperature regenerator 312; main compressor 314 is connected to low-temperature regenerator 312, and secondary compressor 315 is connected to high-temperature regenerator 311; cooler 316 is connected to main compressor 314 and secondary compressor 315, so that part of the power generation medium output from cooler 316 is fed into high-temperature regenerator 311 through main compressor 314 and low-temperature regenerator 312, and the remaining power generation medium is fed into high-temperature regenerator 311 through secondary compressor 315.

[0048] This two-stage regeneration design, with high-temperature regenerator 311 and low-temperature regenerator 312, improves the utilization rate of waste heat from the power generation medium discharged from the turbine generator set 32 ​​and ensures sufficient preheating of the power generation medium entering the turbine generator set 32. The staged compression of the main compressor 314 and secondary compressor 315, combined with cooling by the cooler 316, reduces energy consumption during compression and avoids efficiency losses caused by excessively high compression temperatures. The coordinated operation of the high-temperature regenerator 311, low-temperature regenerator 312, main compressor 314, and secondary compressor 315 enhances the energy utilization rate of the power generation medium, improves the cycle efficiency of the power generation unit, further reduces system energy waste, and increases power output.

[0049] Specifically, both the high-temperature regenerator 311 and the low-temperature regenerator 312 are shell heat exchangers. The shell heat exchangers are equipped with heat equalization pipelines and heat storage pipelines, and the shell of the shell heat exchanger is equipped with a heat storage medium.

[0050] One end of the heat exchanger pipe of the high-temperature regenerator 311 is connected to the turbine generator set 32 ​​through the first pipe 33, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger pipe of the low-temperature regenerator 312; one end of the heat storage pipe of the high-temperature regenerator 311 is connected to the turbine generator set 32 ​​through the second pipe 34, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger pipe of the low-temperature regenerator 312.

[0051] The power generation medium output from the turbine generator set 32 ​​first flows through the second pipe 34 into the heat storage pipe of the high-temperature regenerator 311, where the heat storage medium in the high-temperature regenerator 311 exchanges heat with the power generation medium to store heat. Then, the power generation medium flows from the high-temperature regenerator 311 to the heat storage pipe of the low-temperature regenerator 312, where the heat storage medium in the low-temperature regenerator 312 exchanges heat with the power generation medium to store heat. After the power generation medium flows out of the high-temperature regenerator 311, its temperature decreases, and the low-temperature regenerator 312 further stores the waste heat of the power generation medium flowing out of the high-temperature regenerator 311, so as to utilize the heat of the power generation medium output from the turbine generator set 32 ​​in a gradient manner.

[0052] The inlet of the main compressor 314 is connected to the outlet of the cooler 316, and the outlet of the main compressor 314 is connected to the heat exchanger pipe of the low-temperature regenerator 312. The inlet of the secondary compressor 315 is connected to the cooler 316, and the outlet of the secondary compressor 315 is connected to the cooler 316. The power generation medium in the heat storage pipes of the low-temperature regenerator 312 and the high-temperature regenerator 311 enters the cooler 316. After the cooler 316 lowers the temperature of the power generation medium, it discharges the power generation medium into the main compressor 314 and the secondary compressor 315 respectively. The cooler 316 lowers the temperature of the power generation medium entering the main compressor 314 and the secondary compressor 315 to prevent the compressor from being damaged due to excessively high power generation medium temperature.

[0053] The main compressor 314 compresses the power generation medium and inputs it into the heat exchanger of the low-temperature regenerator 312. After being heated by the low-temperature regenerator 312, the power generation medium is then input into the heat exchanger of the high-temperature regenerator 311 for secondary heating. The secondary compressor 315 compresses the power generation medium and inputs it into the heat exchanger of the high-temperature regenerator 311, whereby the power generation medium is heated by the high-temperature regenerator 311. The power generation medium in the heat exchanger of the high-temperature regenerator 311 is finally fed into the turbine generator set 32.

[0054] The steam unit is thermally connected to the first heat exchanger 121. Specifically, the steam unit has a water supply pipeline for conveying water. The water supply pipeline and the heating pipeline of the first heat exchanger 121 are connected to the water supply pipeline. The water in the water supply pipeline flows into the heating pipeline and exchanges heat with the high-temperature heat transfer medium in the heat exchange pipeline to evaporate and form high-temperature steam.

[0055] In some embodiments, the steam unit includes a dehumidifier 21, a humidifier 22, and a third heat exchanger 23. The dehumidifier 21 has a liquid chamber and a condensation chamber. The liquid chamber is used to introduce seawater and is connected to the humidifier 22 through a liquid pipeline so that the seawater in the liquid chamber is sprayed into the humidifier 22 through the liquid pipeline. The third heat exchanger 23 is thermally connected to the medium circulation loop of the power generation unit and is located downstream of the turbine generator set 32. The liquid pipeline is thermally connected to the third heat exchanger 23 so that the third heat exchanger 23 can utilize the heat of the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set 32 ​​to preheat the seawater entering the humidifier 22. Cold air is introduced into the humidifier 22 so that the cold air mixes with the preheated seawater in the humidifier 22 to form humid and hot air. The condensation chamber receives the humid and hot air and condenses the humid and hot air to obtain fresh water. The condensation chamber is connected to the electrolysis unit through a water supply pipeline 24. A first heat exchanger 121 is disposed on the water supply pipeline 24 so that the fresh water flowing through the water supply pipeline evaporates to form high-temperature water vapor.

[0056] This configuration integrates the dehumidifier 21, humidifier 22, and third heat exchanger 23 into a single steam unit, achieving integrated seawater desalination and high-temperature steam generation. The third heat exchanger 23 utilizes the waste heat from the low-temperature power generation medium discharged from the turbine to preheat the seawater, saving heating energy. The combined operation of the humidifier 22 and dehumidifier 21 desalinates the seawater, providing the necessary fresh water for the electrolysis unit and overcoming the system's application limitations in water-scarce regions. Simultaneously, the desalinated water is directly used to generate high-temperature steam, reducing energy losses in intermediate stages and improving the overall efficiency of water and energy utilization.

[0057] Specifically, the dehumidifier 21 is a cylindrical sealed container, internally divided into a liquid chamber and a condensation chamber by a partition. The liquid chamber is located at the bottom and is used to introduce seawater, with a seawater inlet at the bottom. The condensation chamber is located at the top and contains a condensation coil. The inlet and outlet of the condensation coil are connected to a cooling water system to keep the temperature of the condensation coil below the ambient temperature. The condensation coil in the condensation chamber cools the humid air, causing the water vapor in the humid air to condense into fresh water. A fresh water outlet is located at the bottom of the condensation chamber and is connected to the electrolysis unit via a water supply pipeline. The first heat exchanger 121 is located on the water supply pipeline, which passes through the heating pipe of the first heat exchanger 121, allowing the fresh water in the water supply pipeline to exchange heat with the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange channel of the first heat exchanger 121, so that the fresh water passing through the water supply pipeline evaporates to form high-temperature water vapor.

[0058] The humidifier 22 has an internal cavity structure containing a spray device and a fan. The spray device is located at the top, and the fan is located on the side of the humidifier 22 to introduce cool air. The third heat exchanger 23 is a shell-type heat exchanger with internal heat exchange pipes and heating pipes. The heat exchange pipes are connected to the second pipe 34, allowing the power generation medium in the second pipe 34 to flow through the heat exchange pipes and then return to the regenerator assembly. The liquid pipe is connected to the heating pipe, allowing the seawater in the liquid pipe to exchange heat with the heat storage medium in the third heat exchanger 23 and be heated, thereby preheating the seawater entering the humidifier 22.

[0059] One side of the humidifier 22 may be equipped with a cold air inlet. A fan blows cold air from the outside environment into the humidifier 22, allowing the cold air to mix with preheated seawater inside the humidifier 22 through a spray device, forming humid and warm air. Alternatively, the cold air inlet of the humidifier 22 may be connected to the condenser chamber, with a fan driving the cold air formed by condensation inside the condenser chamber into the humidifier 22.

[0060] Furthermore, the condensing chamber and the humidifier 22 are interconnected through a first gas pipeline and a second gas pipeline; the humid and hot air in the humidifier 22 is introduced into the condensing chamber through the first gas pipeline; the humid and hot air is condensed and separated into cold air in the condensing chamber, so that the cold air is introduced into the humidifier 22 through the second gas pipeline.

[0061] This configuration allows for cold air circulation between the condenser chamber and humidifier 22 via the first and second gas pipelines, eliminating the need for continuous intake of cold air from the outside. This reduces fan energy consumption and the impact of ambient temperature changes on the humidification process. When the dry, cold air is circulated, its temperature and humidity are relatively stable, resulting in higher heat and mass exchange efficiency with preheated seawater. This leads to more stable generation of humid, hot air, improving the efficiency and stability of seawater desalination. Simultaneously, it reduces the risk of external impurities entering the system with the cold air, lowering equipment maintenance costs. The overall design further optimizes the energy and resource utilization efficiency of the steam unit, enhancing the stability and economy of system operation.

[0062] Specifically, one end of the first gas pipeline is connected to the top outlet of the humidifier 22, and the other end is connected to the top inlet of the condenser chamber of the dehumidifier 21. A blower is installed on the pipeline to draw the hot and humid air in the humidifier 22 to the condenser chamber. One end of the second gas pipeline is connected to the outlet of the condenser chamber, and the other end is connected to the cold air inlet at the bottom of the humidifier 22. A blower is installed on either the first or second gas pipeline to transport the separated cold air in the condenser chamber back to the humidifier 22.

[0063] The humid, hot air generated inside the humidifier 22 is driven by a blower and flows out from the top outlet of the humidifier 22. It then enters the top of the condenser chamber through the first gas pipe and is cooled by contact with the condenser coil inside the condenser chamber. The humid, hot air condenses and separates into cold air inside the condenser chamber. Specifically, the water vapor in the humid, hot air condenses into fresh water upon contact with the condenser. The remaining dry, cold air is then introduced into the humidifier 22 through the second gas pipe by the blower.

[0064] The first gas pipeline is located at the top of the humidifier 22, and the second gas pipeline is located at the bottom of the humidifier 22. The cold air output from the condenser chamber enters the humidifier 22 through the second gas pipeline, and the hot and humid air inside the humidifier 22 enters the condenser chamber through the first gas pipeline. The dehumidifier 21 has a drain port at the bottom, which is connected to the condensation chamber. The water supply pipe is also connected to the drain port so that the fresh water in the condensation chamber can enter the water supply pipe through the drain port.

[0065] The electrolysis unit is used to electrolyze high-temperature steam to obtain hydrogen. Its core component is a solid oxide electrolyzer (SOEC). This electrolyzer has the advantages of high electrolysis efficiency and direct utilization of high-temperature steam. Its inlet is connected to the outlet of the steam unit through a high-temperature resistant pipe to receive high-temperature steam.

[0066] In some embodiments, the electrolysis unit includes an electrolytic cell 41 and a hydrogen separator 42; the electrolytic cell 41 is connected to a steam unit to receive high-temperature water vapor; the electrolytic cell 41 is electrically connected to a power generation unit, and the electrolytic cell 41 uses the electrical energy output by the power generation unit to electrolyze the high-temperature water vapor; the hydrogen separator 42 is connected to the electrolytic cell 41 and the synthesis unit, and the hydrogen separator 42 separates the gas generated by the electrolysis of the electrolytic cell 41 to obtain hydrogen.

[0067] Electrolytic cell 41 is a solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC) stack. Electrolytic cell 41 has an electrical power consumption section, which is electrically connected to the power generation unit via a cable.

[0068] The hydrogen separator 42 has a separation membrane inside and a hydrogen outlet on the outside of the hydrogen separator 42. The hydrogen outlet can be connected to the synthesis unit through a pipeline, or it can be connected to the synthesis unit through a fan, as long as the hydrogen separated in the hydrogen separator 42 can enter the synthesis unit.

[0069] With this setup, the solid oxide electrolyzer 41 directly utilizes high-temperature steam for electrolysis. Compared to traditional low-temperature electrolysis technologies such as alkaline electrolysis and PEM electrolysis, energy consumption is reduced by 30%-40%, and the electrolysis efficiency reaches over 80%. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for precious metal catalysts, thus lowering costs. The entire electrolysis unit achieves efficient high-temperature steam electrolysis and precise hydrogen purification, providing high-quality hydrogen feedstock for the synthesis unit. This ensures the efficiency and product quality of the ammonia synthesis reaction, while simultaneously reducing the overall energy consumption and operating costs of the system.

[0070] The high-temperature steam generated by the steam unit is transported to the steam inlet of the electrolytic cell 41 through a pipeline, while the electrical energy generated by the power generation unit is transmitted to the electrode terminals of the electrolytic cell 41 through a transmission line.

[0071] Inside the electrolytic cell 41, high-temperature water vapor enters the cathode channel and undergoes an electrolysis reaction under the action of the cathode catalyst: H₂O + 2e⁻ - → H2+ O² - The generated hydrogen gas is enriched in the cathode channel, while oxygen ions migrate through the electrolyte layer to the anode channel, where they react under the action of the anode catalyst: 2O²⁻ - → O2 + 4e - The generated oxygen is discharged from the anode outlet of the system, and the discharged oxygen can be stored and used for other industrial purposes.

[0072] The hydrogen gas generated on the cathode side carries a small amount of unelectrolyzed water vapor with a humidity of approximately 12%-15%. It flows out of the electrolyzer 41 through a pipe and enters the hydrogen separator 42. Inside the hydrogen separator 42, the gas flows through the outside of the membrane tube, and the hydrogen gas passes through the separation membrane under the action of the pressure difference and is discharged into the synthesis unit.

[0073] The synthesis unit is the core site for ammonia synthesis, including components such as a synthesis tower and heat exchanger. The synthesis tower is filled with iron-based or ruthenium-based ammonia synthesis catalyst. Its inlet is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolysis unit and the nitrogen outlet of the air separation unit 5 through pipelines to receive hydrogen and nitrogen mixed in a 3:1 ratio.

[0074] In some embodiments, the synthesis unit includes a synthesis reaction device 61, a refrigeration device 62, and a storage tank 63; the synthesis reaction device 61 is connected to an air separation unit and an electrolysis unit, and the refrigeration device 62 is connected between the storage tank 63 and the synthesis reaction device 61; the synthesis reaction device 61 receives hydrogen and nitrogen to synthesize ammonia, and the ammonia is introduced into the refrigeration device 62, liquefied by cooling, and stored in the storage tank 63.

[0075] With this configuration, ammonia gas is cooled and liquefied to form liquid ammonia, reducing the space required for storing ammonia gas and enabling the storage tank 63 to stably store liquid ammonia, facilitating the storage and transfer of ammonia products synthesized by the solar-powered ammonia synthesis system.

[0076] Specifically, the synthesis reaction device 61 can be a common tower-type synthesis device or a horizontal synthesis device; the synthesis reaction device 61 is filled with a catalyst, and its gas inlet is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the electrolysis unit and the nitrogen outlet of the air separation unit 5 through pipes, so as to receive hydrogen and nitrogen mixed in a 3:1 ratio, so that hydrogen and nitrogen generate ammonia in the synthesis reaction device.

[0077] The refrigeration device 62 has a cooling chamber inside, where ammonia can be temporarily stored. The refrigeration device 62 lowers the temperature inside the cooling chamber, causing the ammonia to cool and liquefy into liquid ammonia.

[0078] The storage tank 63 is a double-walled vacuum insulated storage tank used to store liquefied liquid ammonia. The refrigeration device 62 is connected to the storage tank 63 through a pipeline, so that the liquid ammonia in the refrigeration device 62 flows into the storage tank 63 for storage.

[0079] The air separation unit 5 employs pressure swing adsorption (PSA) or cryogenic separation. In some embodiments, the air separation unit 5 includes an air separation device and a multi-stage gas compressor 7; the air separation device is used to separate air to form nitrogen, and the air separation device is connected to the synthesis mechanism via the multi-stage gas compressor 7, so that the multi-stage gas compressor 7 drives the nitrogen in the air separation device to be introduced into the synthesis mechanism.

[0080] In the specific use of the solar-powered ammonia synthesis system provided in this application embodiment, the reflector 111 reflects sunlight onto the receiver 112. The receiver 112 absorbs the focused solar radiation energy and converts it into heat energy, which is then transferred to the internal heat-conducting medium. After being heated, the heat-conducting medium enters the first heat exchanger 121 through the heat-conducting pipe 123. After the heat-conducting medium releases heat energy by flowing through the first heat exchanger 121 and the second heat exchanger 122 in sequence, it flows back to the inlet of the receiver 112 through the heat-conducting pipe 123 and is reheated, completing the heating cycle of the heat-conducting medium.

[0081] The power generation medium output from the high-temperature regenerator 311 to the turbine generator set 32 ​​via the first pipeline 33 passes through the second heat exchanger 122, bringing the power generation medium to a supercritical state with high temperature and high pressure. The turbine generator set 32 ​​then uses the supercritical power generation medium to generate electricity. The low-temperature, low-pressure power generation medium discharged from the turbine generator set 32 ​​enters the high-temperature regenerator 311 via the second pipeline 34, exchanges heat with the heat storage medium in the high-temperature regenerator 311, and then flows into the low-temperature regenerator 312. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium in the low-temperature regenerator 312, the power generation medium flows into the cooler 316.

[0082] After cooling the power generation medium, the cooler 316 discharges it into the main compressor 314 and the secondary compressor 315 for compression and pressurization. The power generation medium output from the main compressor 314 first flows into the low-temperature regenerator 312, where the heat storage medium in the low-temperature regenerator 312 heats the power generation medium, and then flows into the high-temperature regenerator 311, where the heat storage medium in the high-temperature regenerator 311 heats the power generation medium. The power generation medium output from the secondary compressor 315 flows into the high-temperature regenerator 311, where the heat storage medium in the high-temperature regenerator 311 heats the power generation medium. All the power generation medium in the high-temperature regenerator 311 is output to the turbine generator set 32 ​​through the first pipeline 33 to form a circulation loop for the power generation medium.

[0083] Seawater is introduced into the liquid chamber of dehumidifier 21. The seawater in the liquid chamber flows to humidifier 22 via a liquid pipe. As it flows through the third heat exchanger 23, the third heat exchanger 23 uses the heat from the power generation medium in the second pipe 34 to preheat the seawater. The preheated seawater is then sprayed into humidifier 22 through a spray device. Simultaneously, cold air from dehumidifier 21 is discharged into humidifier 22 through a second gas pipe, allowing the cold air to fully contact the sprayed seawater and form humid, hot air. The humid, hot air enters the condensation chamber through the first gas pipe. In the condensation chamber, the humid, hot air exchanges heat with the condenser coil, and the water vapor condenses into fresh water, remaining at the bottom of the condensation chamber. The separated dry, cold air flows back to humidifier 22 through the second gas pipe, completing the gas circulation between dehumidifier 21 and humidifier 22.

[0084] The electrical energy generated by the turbine generator set 32 ​​is sent to the electrolytic cell 41. Fresh water condensed in the dehumidifier 21 is output to the water supply pipeline. The fresh water in the water supply pipeline is heated by the first heat exchanger 121 to form high-temperature steam. This high-temperature steam enters the electrolytic cell 41 for electrolysis. The hydrogen separator 42 separates the gases produced by electrolysis, enabling it to supply hydrogen to the synthesis reaction unit 61. The air separation unit 5 separates nitrogen from the air and supplies the nitrogen to the synthesis reaction unit 61.

[0085] The synthesis reaction device 61 receives hydrogen and nitrogen to generate ammonia. The ammonia is then introduced into the refrigeration chamber of the refrigeration device 62, where it condenses to form liquid ammonia. The liquid ammonia is then stored in the storage tank 63.

[0086] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0087] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A solar-powered ammonia synthesis system, characterized in that, include: The heat collection unit includes a solar collector (11) and a piping assembly, the piping assembly being connected to the solar collector (11) to form a heating loop for the circulation of a heat-conducting medium; The steam unit and the power generation unit are connected to the heating circuit, so that the heat-conducting medium flowing out of the solar collector (11) flows through the steam unit and the power generation unit in sequence; The steam unit uses the thermal energy of the heat-conducting medium flowing through it to generate high-temperature steam, and the power generation unit uses the thermal energy of the heat-conducting medium flowing through it to generate electricity and supply power to the electrolysis unit. An electrolysis unit receives electrical energy output from the power generation unit and receives and electrolyzes the high-temperature water vapor to obtain hydrogen. Air separation unit (5) is used to separate air to obtain nitrogen; The synthesis unit is connected to the electrolysis unit and the air separation unit (5) respectively, and is used to receive the hydrogen and the nitrogen and synthesize ammonia.

2. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piping assembly includes a first heat exchanger (121), a second heat exchanger (122), and a heat-conducting pipe (123). The solar collector (11), the first heat exchanger (121) and the second heat exchanger (122) are connected in series through the heat-conducting pipe (123) to form a closed heating circuit, and the first heat exchanger (121) is located upstream of the second heat exchanger (122). The steam unit is thermally connected to the first heat exchanger (121) to generate the high-temperature steam using the heat from the first heat exchanger (121); The power generation unit is thermally connected to the second heat exchanger (122) to generate electricity using the thermal energy of the second heat exchanger (122).

3. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solar collector (11) includes a reflector (111) and a receiver (112). The receiver (112) has a flow channel inside. The flow channel is connected to the first heat exchanger (121) and the second heat exchanger (122) through the heat-conducting pipe (123) to form the heating circuit together. The reflector (111) has an arc-shaped reflective surface for focusing sunlight, and the receiver (112) is located at the focal point of the arc-shaped reflective surface.

4. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power generation unit includes a medium circulation section (31) and a turbine generator set (32). The medium circulation section (31) is connected in series with the turbine generator set (32) to form a medium circulation loop for circulating the power generation medium; The second heat exchanger (122) is connected to the medium circulation loop and is located between the medium circulation section (31) and the turbine generator set (32); The second heat exchanger (122) heats the power generation medium output from the medium circulation section (31) to the turbine generator set (32) so that the turbine generator set (32) can generate electricity using the thermal energy of the power generation medium; The turbine generator set (32) is electrically connected to the electrolysis unit so that the turbine generator set (32) supplies energy to the electrolysis unit.

5. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The medium circulation section (31) includes a regeneration component and a compression component; The regenerative assembly is connected to the turbine generator set (32) through a first pipeline (33) and a second pipeline (34) so ​​that the power generation medium in the regenerative assembly is output to the turbine generator set (32) through the first pipeline (33), and the power generation medium discharged by the turbine generator set (32) flows back to the regenerative assembly through the second pipeline (34). The second heat exchanger (122) is installed on the first pipeline (33). The regenerative component is also connected to the compression component via a third pipe and a fourth pipe, so that the power generation medium in the regenerative component flows back to the regenerative component in sequence through the third pipe, the compression component and the fourth pipe; The regenerative assembly uses the heat from the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set (32) to preheat the power generation medium output by the compression assembly.

6. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The regenerative assembly includes a high-temperature regenerator (311) and a low-temperature regenerator (312), and the compression assembly includes a main compressor (314), a secondary compressor (315), and a cooler (316). The high-temperature regenerator (311) is connected to the turbine generator set (32) through the first pipeline (33) and the second pipeline (34) so ​​that the power generation medium in the high-temperature regenerator (311) can flow back to the high-temperature regenerator (311) through the turbine generator set (32). The low-temperature regenerator (312) and the high-temperature regenerator (311) are connected by a pipeline so that the low-temperature regenerator (312) and the high-temperature regenerator (311) can exchange the power generation medium. The low-temperature regenerator (312) and the cooler (316) are connected by a pipeline. The power generation medium output by the turbine generator set (32) can pass through the high-temperature regenerator (311) and the low-temperature regenerator (312) in sequence and enter the cooler (316). The main compressor (314) is connected to the low-temperature regenerator (312), and the secondary compressor (315) is connected to the high-temperature regenerator (311). The cooler (316) is connected to the main compressor (314) and the secondary compressor (315) so that a portion of the power generation medium output by the cooler (316) is input into the high-temperature regenerator (311) via the main compressor (314) and the low-temperature regenerator (312), and the remaining power generation medium is input into the high-temperature regenerator (311) via the secondary compressor (315).

7. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steam unit includes a dehumidifier (21), a humidifier (22), and a third heat exchanger (23). The dehumidifier (21) is provided with a liquid chamber and a condensation chamber. The liquid chamber is used to introduce seawater. The liquid chamber is connected to the humidifier (22) through a liquid pipe so that the seawater in the liquid chamber is sprayed into the humidifier (22) through the liquid pipe. The third heat exchanger (23) is thermally connected to the medium circulation loop of the power generation unit and is located downstream of the turbine generator set (32). The liquid pipeline is thermally connected to the third heat exchanger (23) so that the third heat exchanger (23) can utilize the heat of the power generation medium output by the turbine generator set (32) to preheat the seawater entering the humidifier (22). Cold air is introduced into the humidifier (22) to mix with the preheated seawater inside the humidifier (22) to form humid and warm air; The condensation chamber receives the humid air and condenses the humid air to obtain fresh water; The condensation chamber is connected to the electrolysis unit through a water supply pipeline (24), and the first heat exchanger (121) is installed on the water supply pipeline (24) so ​​that the fresh water flowing through the water supply pipeline evaporates to form high-temperature water vapor.

8. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The condensing chamber is connected to the humidifier (22) through a first gas pipeline and a second gas pipeline; the humid and hot air in the humidifier (22) is introduced into the condensing chamber through the first gas pipeline; the humid and hot air is condensed and separated into cold air in the condensing chamber, so that the cold air is introduced into the humidifier (22) through the second gas pipeline.

9. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrolysis unit includes an electrolytic cell (41) and a hydrogen separator (42). The electrolytic cell (41) is connected to the steam unit to receive the high-temperature steam; the electrolytic cell (41) is electrically connected to the power generation unit, and the electrolytic cell (41) uses the electrical energy output by the power generation unit to electrolyze the high-temperature steam. The hydrogen separator (42) is connected to the electrolytic cell (41) and the synthesis unit. The hydrogen separator (42) separates the gas generated by the electrolysis of the electrolytic cell (41) to obtain the hydrogen.

10. The solar-powered ammonia synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synthesis unit includes a synthesis reaction device (61), a refrigeration device (62), and a storage tank (63). The synthesis reaction device (61) is connected to the air separation unit and the electrolysis unit, and the refrigeration device (62) is connected between the liquid storage tank (63) and the synthesis reaction device (61). The synthesis reaction device (61) receives the hydrogen and the nitrogen to synthesize the ammonia. The ammonia is introduced into the refrigeration device (62), cooled and liquefied, and then stored in the storage tank (63).

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