Peanut screening and breaking device

Abstract

The application provides a peanut screening and crushing device, and belongs to the technical field of peanut screening and crushing. The peanut screening and crushing device comprises a rack, a screening and crushing bin, a crushing assembly and a vibrating screening mechanism. The screening and crushing bin is fixed on the rack and has a top opening and a cylindrical structure. An inlet cavity, a crushing cavity and a material collecting cavity are arranged in the screening and crushing bin from top to bottom. A first discharge port is arranged in the side wall of the crushing cavity, and a second discharge port is arranged in the bottom of the material collecting cavity. The crushing assembly is rotatably arranged in the crushing cavity and is used for crushing peanut particles. The vibrating screening mechanism is arranged directly below the crushing assembly and comprises a screen plate, a reciprocating driving base, a transverse driving mechanism and an upward vertical excitation mechanism. The vibrating screening mechanism can solve the problems of single material movement track, serious particle layering and accumulation, low fine particle screening rate, easy clogging of screen holes, low screening efficiency and poor particle size grading precision when a single screen plate is subjected to horizontal reciprocation or single vertical vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of peanut screening and crushing technology, and more specifically, relates to a peanut screening and crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] In the peanut deep processing industry chain, peanut crushing and screening are key pre-processing steps for preparing peanut powder, peanut butter, peanut chips, and food ingredients. With the food industry's increasing demands for uniform particle size of raw materials and purity of finished products, the importance of grading and screening of crushed materials in the entire process is becoming increasingly prominent. Traditional peanut crushing equipment often uses a single crushing roller combined with a fixed screen or a single-degree-of-freedom vibrating screen for material separation, with screening methods mainly based on single-axis horizontal reciprocating vibration or single vertical vibration. However, in the actual screening process of crushed peanut products, the shape of the crushed peanut particles is extremely irregular, with a large range in particle size distribution between peanut skin, germ, and kernel fragments, and significant internal friction and easy agglomeration between particles. This makes it clearly difficult to meet the requirements of efficient grading using only single-degree-of-freedom vibration.

[0003] When the screen plate only performs horizontal reciprocating motion, the trajectory of the material on the screen surface is approximately a straight line or a planar ellipse, with particles flowing and sliding under inertial force. This motion makes it difficult for crushed particles to achieve sufficient tumbling and loosening on the screen surface. Fine particles are easily wrapped by or pressed against the bottom of the material layer by larger particles, forming obvious stratification and accumulation phenomena, namely a "reverse grading" state with fine powder at the bottom and coarse particles on top, or a "positive stratification" accumulation state where coarse particles block the screen surface. Because fine particles cannot effectively contact the screen surface, the probability of passing through the screen decreases significantly, resulting in a large number of qualified particles remaining in the material on the screen, causing a significant reduction in screening efficiency and an increase in subsequent return material, increasing the ineffective load on the crushing chamber. At the same time, the horizontal reciprocating motion cannot effectively "disturb and scour" the screen holes from top to bottom. Peanut oil adheres to the hole walls, easily causing the screen holes to gradually become blocked, further aggravating the screening deterioration.

[0004] If the screen plate only vibrates vertically, although the material experiences periodic throwing and falling motions on the screen surface, resulting in a certain degree of loosening, the lack of horizontal thrust and translation components means that grain particles remain dispersed on the screen surface, failing to generate sufficient lateral conveying force or directional propulsion. This leads to significant differences in particle residence time on the screen surface, making continuous, efficient, and quantitative feeding and discharging impossible. Particles are also more prone to forming densely packed layers under vibration, as the reciprocating impact force in the vertical direction increases the compression between fine and coarse particles, restricting the freedom of movement of particles within the layer and failing to significantly improve screening capacity. Furthermore, prolonged vertical vibration energy concentration can easily lead to localized fatigue damage to the screen plate, and a single excitation method cannot simultaneously meet the grading requirements of particles with different size compositions through multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a peanut screening and crushing device, which can solve the technical problems of low screening efficiency and poor particle size classification accuracy when a single screen plate only performs horizontal reciprocating or single vertical vibration, resulting in a single material movement trajectory on the screen surface, serious particle stratification and accumulation, low fine particle screening rate and easy clogging of screen holes.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a peanut screening and crushing device, comprising a frame, a screening and crushing chamber, a crushing assembly, and a vibrating screening mechanism. The screening and crushing chamber is fixed to the frame and is a cylindrical structure with an open top. Its interior, from top to bottom, includes a feeding chamber, a crushing chamber, and a collecting chamber. The side wall of the crushing chamber has a first discharge port, and the bottom of the collecting chamber has a second discharge port. The crushing assembly is rotatably disposed in the crushing chamber for crushing peanut particles. The vibrating screening mechanism is disposed directly below the crushing assembly and includes a screen plate, a reciprocating drive base, a transverse drive mechanism, and an upper vertical excitation mechanism. The screen plate is horizontally installed between the crushing chamber and the collecting chamber. The reciprocating drive base is sleeved on the bottom outer edge of the screen plate. The transverse drive mechanism is installed on the side wall of the screening and crushing chamber, located outside the reciprocating drive base at the same horizontal plane. The upper vertical excitation mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the crushing chamber.

[0008] The technical advantages of the peanut screening and crushing device provided by this invention are as follows: The frame serves as a stable base for the entire device, bearing the weight and operating load of the screening and crushing chamber and all its internal components, ensuring structural stability under high-speed vibration and reciprocating motion, and avoiding a decrease in accuracy due to resonance or displacement. The screening and crushing chamber is fixed to the frame and adopts a cylindrical structure with an open top. Its interior is divided into a feeding chamber, a crushing chamber, and a collecting chamber from top to bottom. This vertical layered design allows materials to complete the feeding, crushing, and collecting processes sequentially under gravity, achieving seamless process connection without the need for external conveying devices. The feeding chamber provides sufficient buffer space to prevent material accumulation and blockage at the crushing inlet; the crushing chamber provides a closed working space for the crushing components, effectively restraining splashing particles generated during the crushing process; the collecting chamber serves as a temporary storage area for qualified materials, with convenient unloading through the second discharge port at the bottom. In addition, the first discharge port on the side wall of the crushing chamber is dedicated to discharging coarse particles from the screen for secondary crushing, realizing a reverse flow channel for unqualified materials, thereby optimizing the continuity of the production process.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the peanut screening and crushing device of the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0010] The screen plate is provided with a number of screen holes, which are used to separate the crushed product into oversize and undersize materials according to a set particle size. The undersize material falls into the collection chamber through the screen holes.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The vibrating screening mechanism is located directly below the crushing component and consists of four main subsystems: a screen plate, a reciprocating drive base, a transverse drive mechanism, and an upper vertical excitation mechanism. Together, they achieve multi-degree-of-freedom composite screening of the crushed products. The screen plate is horizontally installed between the crushing chamber and the collection chamber. Evenly distributed screen holes separate the material into oversize and undersize particles according to particle size. Undersize particles fall directly into the collection chamber through the holes. The reciprocating drive base is fitted onto the bottom outer edge of the screen plate and, in conjunction with an elastic reset component, provides an elastic horizontal deformation base for the screen plate. The transverse drive mechanism generates a horizontal reciprocating thrust through a screw drive shaft and a sliding seat, causing the screen plate to achieve periodic horizontal displacement. Simultaneously, the upper vertical excitation mechanism generates continuous high-frequency upward vibration through the rotation of a disc cam wheel, forcing the screen plate to produce vertical jumping. The superposition of the horizontal and vertical degrees of freedom causes the screen plate to ultimately form a composite elliptical trajectory vibration, significantly improving the particle passage probability and screening accuracy, and significantly reducing the probability of hole clogging.

[0012] Furthermore, the sieve plate and the reciprocating drive base are connected by four elastic reset members. Each elastic reset member adopts a serpentine spring sheet structure, specifically a planar serpentine zigzag component formed by continuous bending of thin sheet spring steel, extending in a continuous S-shape or wave shape. The four elastic reset members are respectively arranged at the four corners of the sieve plate, and are symmetrically arranged diagonally with the geometric center of the sieve plate as the origin. When the sieve plate is subjected to vertical vibration, the elastic reset members allow the sieve plate to elastically lift and fall relative to the reciprocating drive base in the vertical direction. At the same time, when the sieve plate is subjected to horizontal reciprocating thrust, the elastic reset members are used to bend elastically in the horizontal direction to allow the sieve plate to produce a horizontal displacement synchronized with the direction of the push plate movement, and provide a reset tension when the horizontal thrust is removed.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The screen plate and the reciprocating drive base are connected by four sets of serpentine spring sheet structures with elastic restoring components. This structure is made of thin sheet spring steel through continuous bending, and the whole structure is in a continuous S-shape or wave-shaped extension, arranged at the four corners of the screen plate and symmetrically distributed diagonally. Its special serpentine zigzag structure has excellent elastic rebound capability and can absorb high-frequency impacts during vertical compression. When the screen plate is subjected to vertical vibration, it buffers and enhances the upward vibration effect through "elastic lifting-falling". When subjected to horizontal reciprocating thrust, the serpentine structure allows the plate to undergo stable horizontal bending deformation, ensuring that the screen plate can move synchronously with the lifting push plate. After the thrust is removed, it can provide restoring force through its own elastic recovery to eliminate vibration offset. This composite elastic design can achieve both vibration reduction and rigid guidance in two-degree-of-freedom motion, and can continuously maintain the screen plate in a dynamic equilibrium state, extending the system life and enhancing screening accuracy.

[0014] Furthermore, the transverse drive mechanism includes a lead screw drive shaft, a directional slide rail, a sliding seat, and a lifting push plate. The lead screw drive shaft is horizontally rotatably supported on the side wall of the screening and crushing chamber, and is arranged parallel to the side of the reciprocating drive base. One end is connected to a motor via a coupling. The directional slide rail is fixedly arranged directly below the lead screw drive shaft, parallel to and coplanar with the lead screw drive shaft, and is used to constrain the linear motion trajectory of the sliding seat. The bottom of the sliding seat is sleeved on the lead screw drive shaft through a threaded sleeve, and its two sides are slidably engaged with the directional slide rail through sliding grooves. Under the rotational drive of the lead screw drive shaft, the sliding seat reciprocates linearly along the directional slide rail, and the lifting push plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the sliding seat, and the lifting push plate is in elastic contact with the lower surface of the screen plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the upward vertical excitation mechanism includes a vertical drive motor and a disc-shaped cam. The vertical drive motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber, and its output shaft is arranged parallel to the screen plate. The disc-shaped cam is fixedly sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the vertical drive motor, and its outer edge profile is composed of 2 to 4 arc segments with different radial radii, so that its generatrix has an unequal diameter profile. During the rotation of the disc-shaped cam, its cam flange alternately presses against the bottom reinforcing rib of the screen plate, and under the synergistic action of the rebound elastic reset component, forces the screen plate to generate continuous high-frequency upward vibration. Combined with the horizontal reciprocating motion generated by the transverse drive mechanism, the screen plate obtains a composite elliptical trajectory vibration with superimposed degrees of freedom in both vertical and horizontal directions.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The vertical vibration mechanism uses a vertical drive motor to drive the disc-shaped cam to rotate via the output shaft. The outer edge of the cam is composed of 2 to 4 arc segments with different radial radii. During the rotation of the cam, the radial radius changes continuously, causing the flange to alternately press against the reinforcing ribs at the bottom of the screen plate, forcing the screen plate to generate high-frequency continuous upward vibration. Combined with the elastic downward pressing and restoring force provided by the elastic reset component, the cycle of this impact-type lifting action is strictly adjustable, and the frequency is precisely controllable, allowing for real-time adjustment to adapt to peanut crushing materials with different particle sizes and moisture contents. The three sets of unequal-length protrusions in the disc-shaped cam further optimize the frequency and time interval of the pressing process, allowing the screen surface to obtain vibration amplitudes that vary at different times, thereby generating a distributed flow dynamic and improving screening efficiency. After the vertical vibration and the horizontal reciprocating motion are superimposed, the overall motion trajectory of the screen plate is a composite ellipse. The material rotates and tumbles on the screen surface, significantly reducing the material thickness on the screen surface, avoiding dense accumulation, facilitating the rapid screening of fine particles, and maintaining the smooth flow of coarse particles.

[0017] Furthermore, the end of the sliding seat is also provided with a material-pushing inclined block. When the sliding seat moves horizontally on the screw drive shaft to the lowest side of the screen plate, the material-pushing inclined block fits against the bottom edge of the screen plate and extends its edge upward to form a change in the screen plate inclination angle, thereby realizing the unidirectional forced discharge of coarse particles on the screen and pushing large particles along the inclined surface to one side of the first discharge port so that they can be collected and re-enter the crushing chamber through the pipeline for secondary crushing.

[0018] Furthermore, the lifting push plate includes two parallel wedge-shaped top blocks and a rectangular base. The rectangular base is horizontally fixedly installed on the top of the sliding seat, with its long side aligned with the axial direction of the lead screw drive shaft. Its width extends vertically upward on both sides to form retaining edges, thereby defining the installation position of the wedge-shaped lifting blocks. The two wedge-shaped lifting blocks are respectively fixed to the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the rectangular base and are spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the lead screw drive shaft. The top of each wedge-shaped lifting block is provided with a wedge-shaped inclined surface that is inclined towards the sieve plate, and the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces of the two wedge-shaped lifting blocks face opposite directions. The inclined surface of the front wedge-shaped lifting block is inclined towards the upper left, and the inclined surface of the rear wedge-shaped lifting block is inclined towards the upper right.

[0019] Furthermore, at the bottom of the screen plate corresponding to the positions of the two wedge-shaped inclined surfaces, two roller supports are fixedly installed respectively. A contact roller is rotatably installed at the bottom of each roller support. The axial direction of the contact roller is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the transmission direction, and its wheel surface is always in contact with the corresponding wedge-shaped inclined surface. When the sliding seat is driven by the lead screw to slide back and forth along the directional slide rail, the contact rollers roll relative to each other along their respective wedge-shaped inclined surfaces. The change in the height difference of the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces forces the screen plate to be alternately lifted or lowered, thereby enabling the screen plate to obtain a periodic lifting displacement perpendicular to its plate surface. This is superimposed with the vertical vibration generated by the upper vertical excitation mechanism to form a compound vibration screening effect.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the lead screw drive shaft and the directional slide rail together constitute a high-precision linear drive system. The sliding seat is oriented and constrained by the threaded sleeve and the slide groove, and achieves uniform reciprocating linear sliding under the drive of the rotating screw shaft. The lifting push plate is fixed to the top of the sliding seat, and its rectangular base double-edge structure defines the stable installation position of the wedge-shaped lifting blocks and provides double support for the movement of the contact rollers. The lifting push plate consists of two wedge-shaped lifting blocks facing opposite directions, so that when the sliding seat moves horizontally, the rollers move along the inclined plane, thereby converting the horizontal motion into a periodic, continuously rising and falling vertical component of the screen plate—rather than the impact-type lifting of the upper cam, achieving a smooth and controllable change in vertical height, and further enhancing the composite vibration effect of the screen plate. Furthermore, the inclined block at the end of the sliding seat slides to the lowest side of the screen plate, adhering to the edge of the bottom frame of the screen plate and extending upwards. The change in inclination angle causes the screen plate to naturally tilt, forcibly pushing large-diameter coarse particles along the inclined surface towards the first discharge port for timely secondary crushing. Overall, the transverse drive mechanism not only serves for horizontal reflux motion but also incorporates vertical lifting and output guiding functions, integrating screening and discharge actions into one unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the flange of the disc-shaped cam paddle is uniformly provided with three sets of protruding teeth of different arc lengths along the circumference.

[0022] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a crushing roller that is horizontally rotatably installed in the crushing chamber. The outer wall of the crushing roller is provided with a plurality of annular tearing teeth along the axial direction. The inner wall of the crushing chamber is provided with an arc-shaped impact plate. An adjustable extrusion gap is left between the arc-shaped impact plate and the annular tearing teeth. A motor is provided outside the crushing chamber, and its output shaft is connected to the shaft end of the crushing roller that extends out of the housing.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The crushing assembly consists of a crushing roller horizontally rotating within the crushing chamber. The annular tearing teeth arranged axially on its outer wall cooperate with the arc-shaped impact plate fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber, constructing a highly efficient compression-tear dual crushing mechanism. An adjustable compression gap is provided between the annular tearing teeth and the impact plate, allowing for precise adjustment of the crushing degree according to the peanut particle size requirements. This not only crushes and breaks down whole peanuts but also effectively avoids over-crushing and the generation of excessive fine powder. The arc-shaped impact plate increases the material's travel within the crushing chamber, causing peanut particles to be repeatedly thrown and impacted onto the impact plate surface under the rotation of the crushing roller, thereby improving crushing uniformity and separation efficiency. The motor directly drives the crushing roller through shaft-end transmission, ensuring continuous, stable, and reliable crushing action, providing a crushed product with a relatively uniform particle size distribution for subsequent screening processes.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, the peanut screening and crushing device provided by this invention has the following advantages: This device integrates multiple degrees of freedom into a composite screening system. The seamless combination of the crushing components and the screening mechanism achieves efficient separation and grading of peanuts. The screen plate, through the combined action of an elastic reset component, vertical cam excitation, and a transverse drive roller system, exhibits high-frequency, small-amplitude vibration in the vertical direction and moderate, periodic reciprocating drift in the horizontal direction. This allows the material to simultaneously undergo multiple effects of shearing and throwing, friction relief, and directional propulsion, significantly improving screening efficiency and accuracy. The coordinated operation of each structural module ensures that coarse particles are promptly discharged and recycled, while fine particles are rapidly collected. The resulting continuous and automated crushing-screening-circulation-recycling system reduces the need for manual intervention, lowers the probability of particle blockage, and ensures uniform particle size and a high yield of pure finished products. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a peanut screening and crushing device.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse drive mechanism;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view at point A;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top vertical excitation mechanism;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a disc-shaped cam lever;

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 01. Frame; 02. Screening and crushing chamber; 021. Feed chamber; 022. Crushing chamber; 0221. First discharge port; 023. Collection chamber; 0231. Second discharge port; 03. Crushing assembly; 031. Crushing roller; 04. Vibrating screen mechanism; 041. Screen plate; 042. Reciprocating drive base; 0421. Elastic reset component; 043. Lateral drive mechanism; 0431. Screw drive shaft; 0432. Directional slide rail; 0433. Sliding seat; 0434. Lifting push plate; 044. Upper vertical excitation mechanism; 0441. Vertical drive motor; 0442. Disc cam lever. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-5 The diagram shows an embodiment of a peanut screening and crushing device provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, it includes a frame 01, a screening and crushing chamber 02, a crushing assembly 03, and a vibrating screening mechanism 04. The screening and crushing chamber 02 is fixed to the frame 01 and is a cylindrical structure with an open top. Its interior, from top to bottom, includes a feeding chamber 021, a crushing chamber 022, and a collecting chamber 023. A first discharge port 0221 is provided on the side wall of the crushing chamber 022, and a second discharge port 0231 is provided at the bottom of the collecting chamber 023. The crushing assembly 03 is rotatably disposed within the crushing chamber 022 for crushing... Peanut crushing; the vibrating screening mechanism 04 is located directly below the crushing component 03, including a screen plate 041, a reciprocating drive base 042, a transverse drive mechanism 043, and an upper vertical excitation mechanism 044. The screen plate 041 is horizontally installed between the crushing chamber 022 and the collection chamber 023. The reciprocating drive base 042 is sleeved on the bottom outer edge of the screen plate 041. The transverse drive mechanism 043 is installed on the side wall of the screening and crushing chamber 02, located on the outside of the same horizontal plane as the reciprocating drive base 042. The upper vertical excitation mechanism 044 is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the crushing chamber 022.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the sieve plate 041 is evenly distributed with a number of sieve holes, which are used to separate the crushed product into oversize and undersize materials according to the set particle size. The undersize material falls into the collection chamber 023 through the sieve holes.

[0035] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the sieve plate 041 and the reciprocating drive base 042 are connected by four elastic reset members 0421. Each elastic reset member 0421 adopts a serpentine spring sheet structure, specifically a planar serpentine tortuous component formed by continuous bending of thin sheet spring steel, with the overall shape extending in a continuous S-shape or wave shape. The four elastic reset members 0421 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the sieve plate 041, and are arranged diagonally symmetrically with the geometric center of the sieve plate 041 as the origin. When the sieve plate 041 is subjected to vertical vibration, the elastic reset members 0421 allow the sieve plate 041 to generate elastic lifting and falling in the vertical direction relative to the reciprocating drive base 042. At the same time, when the sieve plate 041 is subjected to horizontal reciprocating thrust, the elastic reset members 0421 are used to bend elastically in the horizontal direction to allow the sieve plate 041 to generate a horizontal displacement synchronized with the direction of the push plate movement, and provide a reset return tension when the horizontal thrust is removed.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the transverse drive mechanism 043 includes a lead screw drive shaft 0431, a directional slide rail 0432, a sliding seat 0433, and a lifting push plate 0434. The lead screw drive shaft 0431 is horizontally rotatably supported on the side wall of the screening and crushing chamber 02, and is arranged parallel to the side of the reciprocating drive base 042. One end is connected to a motor via a coupling. The directional slide rail 0432 is fixedly arranged directly below the lead screw drive shaft 0431, parallel to the lead screw drive shaft 0431, and is parallel to the lead screw drive shaft 0431. The sliding seat 0433 is used to constrain the linear motion trajectory of the sliding seat 0433. The bottom of the sliding seat 0433 is sleeved on the lead screw drive shaft 0431 through a threaded sleeve, and its two sides are slidably engaged with the directional slide rail 0432 through sliding grooves. Under the rotational drive of the lead screw drive shaft 0431, the sliding seat 0433 reciprocates linearly along the directional slide rail 0432, and a lifting push plate 0434 is fixedly provided on the top of the sliding seat 0433. The lifting push plate 0434 is in elastic contact with the lower surface of the screen plate 041.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the upward vertical vibration mechanism 044 includes a vertical drive motor 0441 and a disc-shaped cam pawl 0442. The vertical drive motor 0441 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber 022, and its output shaft is set parallel to the screen plate 041. The disc-shaped cam pawl 0442 is fixedly sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the vertical drive motor 0441. Its outer edge contour is composed of 2 to 4 arc segments with different radial radii, so that its generatrix has an unequal diameter contour. During the rotation of the disc-shaped cam pawl 0442, its cam flange alternately presses against the bottom reinforcing rib of the screen plate 041, and under the synergistic action of the rebound elastic reset component, forces the screen plate 041 to generate continuous high-frequency upward vibration. Combined with the horizontal reciprocating motion generated by the transverse drive mechanism 043, the screen plate 041 obtains a composite elliptical trajectory vibration with superimposed degrees of freedom in both vertical and horizontal directions.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the end of the sliding seat 0433 is also provided with a material-pushing inclined block. When the sliding seat 0433 moves horizontally on the screw drive shaft 0431 to the lowest side of the screen plate 041, the material-pushing inclined block fits against the bottom edge of the screen plate 041 and extends its edge upward to form a change in the screen plate inclination angle, thereby realizing the unidirectional forced discharge of coarse particles on the screen and pushing the large particles along the inclined surface to one side of the first discharge port 0221 so that they can be collected and re-enter the crushing chamber 022 through the pipeline for secondary crushing.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the lifting push plate 0434 includes two parallel wedge-shaped top blocks and a rectangular base. The rectangular base is horizontally fixed on the top of the sliding seat 0433, and its long side is aligned with the axial direction of the lead screw drive shaft 0431. Its width extends vertically upward on both sides to form retaining edges to limit the installation position of the wedge-shaped lifting blocks. The two wedge-shaped lifting blocks are fixed to the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the rectangular base, and are spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the lead screw drive shaft 0431. The top of each wedge-shaped lifting block is provided with a wedge-shaped inclined surface that is inclined towards the screen plate 041, and the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces of the two wedge-shaped lifting blocks face opposite directions. The inclined surface of the front wedge-shaped lifting block is inclined to the upper left, and the inclined surface of the rear wedge-shaped lifting block is inclined to the upper right.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, two roller supports are fixedly installed at the bottom of the screen plate 041 corresponding to the positions of the two wedge-shaped inclined surfaces. Each roller support is rotatably mounted with a contact roller at its bottom. The axial direction of the contact roller is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the transmission direction, and its wheel surface is always in contact with the corresponding wedge-shaped inclined surface. When the sliding seat 0433 is driven by the screw drive shaft 0431 to slide back and forth along the directional slide rail 0432, the contact rollers roll relative to each other along their respective wedge-shaped inclined surfaces. The change in the height difference of the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces forces the screen plate 041 to be alternately lifted or lowered, thereby enabling the screen plate 041 to obtain a periodic lifting displacement perpendicular to its plate surface. This is superimposed with the vertical vibration generated by the upper vertical excitation mechanism 044 to form a composite vibration screening effect.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the flange of the disc cam paddle 0442 is uniformly provided with three sets of raised teeth with different arc lengths along the circumference.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the crushing component 03 includes a crushing roller 031 that is horizontally rotatably installed in the crushing chamber 022. The outer wall of the crushing roller 031 is provided with a plurality of annular tearing teeth along the axial direction. The inner wall of the crushing chamber 022 is provided with an arc-shaped impact plate. An adjustable extrusion gap is left between the arc-shaped impact plate and the annular tearing teeth. A motor is provided outside the crushing chamber 022, and its output shaft is connected to the shaft end of the crushing roller 031 that extends out of the housing.

[0043] Preferably, the device may further include a visual perception component, specifically including: a feed feature identifier and a particle size detector. The feed feature identifier is disposed at the feed inlet and the crushing roller 031, and includes a high-frame industrial camera and a ring-shaped supplementary light source, used to identify the particle size distribution, mold characteristics and presence of foreign matter of the fed peanut kernels. The particle size detector is installed above the screen outlet and the first outlet 0221, and includes a high-speed vision camera and a filter, used to capture two-dimensional images of the graded material particles in order to convert the equivalent particle size and particle size distribution uniformity.

[0044] During operation, the feed feature identifier and particle size detector acquire data information in real time. The controller automatically compares the data with the preset threshold and sends speed adjustment commands to the motor of the horizontal drive mechanism and frequency conversion / amplitude conversion commands to the vertical excitation drive structure according to the direction and magnitude of the deviation. The controller also adjusts the instantaneous gap of the adjustable particle size gap through the electro-hydraulic servo push rod, ultimately ensuring that the qualified material on the sieve plate 041 passes through the sieve and meets the yield requirements.

[0045] The fixed toothed plate is hinged to the side wall of the housing, and one end of it is equipped with a gap adjustment servo electric cylinder. The output end of the servo electric cylinder is directly related to the size change of the adjustable gap.

[0046] The feed feature identifier has a built-in YOLOv8 target detection model. Its output includes identifying moldy peanuts, which are blown into the bypass collection box by a high-pressure air gun installed on the feed channel side. When foreign objects are detected, the feed end baffle is preferably controlled to temporarily close the feed port to prevent damage to the roller teeth.

[0047] The specific steps for operating this device include:

[0048] S1. After cleaning, moistening and conditioning, peanut kernels are fed into the inlet. The feeding vision module takes pictures of a batch of kernels and extracts the number of kernels and the proportion of different colors.

[0049] S2. The crushing rollers first operate at the preset intermediate gap for initial crushing;

[0050] S3. A spatial composite elliptical vibration trajectory is synthesized by bottom spiral drive transverse high-frequency excitation and disc cam vertical high-frequency excitation to screen the crushed products;

[0051] S4. The vision-based material output module observes the particle size distribution and calculates the R90 value of the current distribution using the built-in processor;

[0052] S5. Intelligent processing compares R90 with the target range, for example, the target is the middle R90 value of granular peanut butter base;

[0053] S6. If the particles are too fine, increase the particle size gap and appropriately reduce the frequency; if the particles are too coarse, decrease the gap and increase the rotational speed of the eccentric cam to increase the vibration amplitude of the screen body.

[0054] S7. Once the aggregate reaches a stable deviation of ≤±2% for three consecutive batches, the system automatically locks the process parameters, begins mass production, and sends the qualified undersize material to the homogenization / grinding section.

[0055] Preferably, the outer wall of the crushing roller 031 is provided with several rows of continuously twisted bidirectional spiral tearing teeth. The spiral angle of the tearing teeth gradually increases from the middle of the crushing roller 031 to both ends, and the longitudinal section of the tooth tip is wedge-shaped with a wedge angle α ranging from 25° to 35°. The inner wall of the crushing chamber 022 is provided with a set of floating arc-shaped impact plates. The impact plates are located directly above the crushing roller 031 in the radial direction, and their backs are connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 022 through at least three oil-gas spring damping rods. The receiving surface of the arc-shaped impact plates is provided with stepped relief grooves corresponding to the tearing teeth. The depth of the relief grooves increases from the feed end to the discharge end, and the bottom of the relief grooves is provided with arc-shaped positioning ribs that match the root diameter of the tearing teeth. The minimum distance between the floating arc-shaped impact plates and the outer wall of the crushing roller 031 constitutes a dynamic extrusion gap. Under the action of the elastic connecting damping rods, the dynamic extrusion gap has a radial floating amount of ±5mm, and the floating amount decreases as the crushing roller speed increases.

[0056] The spiral direction of the tearing teeth is opposite to that of the center line of the crushing roller 031, forming a herringbone arrangement to push the material to both ends and increase the crushing rate.

[0057] Specifically, the principle of this invention is as follows: In use, firstly, the external motor of the crushing assembly is started, causing the crushing roller to operate stably at a set speed. Then, the screw drive motor of the transverse drive mechanism and the vertical drive motor in the upper vertical excitation mechanism are started, putting the entire vibrating screening mechanism into a pre-running state and adjusting the motion parameters to the designed operating conditions. After completing the above preparations, the peanut raw material, pre-cleaned to remove impurities and moldy particles, is evenly and continuously fed into the hopper through the top opening of the feeding chamber. Under the action of gravity, after the raw material falls into the crushing chamber, it is initially broken down by continuous compression, shearing, and impact between the annular tearing teeth of the rotating crushing roller and the arc-shaped impact plate, forming a mixture of fragments of varying sizes. Adjusting the crushing gap can compress or expand the crushed particle size to meet subsequent screening requirements.

[0058] During the continuous rotation of the crushing roller, peanut particles are repeatedly lifted and thrown against the impact plate, causing them to roll and tumble axially, achieving a multi-angle tearing effect and improving crushing uniformity. The crushed product falls naturally under gravity, passing through the bottom of the crushing chamber and landing in the screen area. Because this process involves continuous feeding and discharging in a rolling operation, a dynamic material flow layer always exists within the crushing chamber. The first discharge port on the side wall of the crushing chamber becomes a dedicated channel for the return of coarse particles, used to capture larger particles that were not screened out during vibration. Larger particles that do not meet the particle size standard are pushed to the first discharge port at the upper edge of the screen plate and returned to the crushing chamber through a pipeline to participate in crushing again, forming a closed-loop crushing-screening cycle until all material reaches the set particle size standard.

[0059] The crushed products carried by the screen plate are precisely screened under the superposition of three motions. First, when the disc-shaped cam bearing in the vertical excitation mechanism rotates, its unequal-diameter cam profile continuously and alternately presses against the bottom reinforcing ribs of the screen plate, forcing the screen plate to generate a high-frequency upward motion. With the cooperation of the elastic reset component, periodic elastic vibration is generated, causing the material to be continuously thrown up in the vertical direction of the screen surface. Second, the rotation of the lead screw shaft of the transverse drive mechanism drives the sliding seat to reciprocate linearly. The parallelogram wedge-shaped top block on the sliding seat converts the horizontal displacement into vertical changes in the four corners of the screen plate through the contact rollers. Since the two sides of the wedge-shaped inclined surface face opposite directions, the sliding process causes the screen plate to simultaneously generate alternating height changes and tilt fluctuations in the horizontal movement. Third, the horizontal centrifugal displacement itself also causes the screen plate to move back and forth, generating shearing loosening. When the three are combined, the screen surface forms an elliptical or tire-shaped composite trajectory motion, and relative tumbling motion occurs between particles and between particles and screen holes. Fine particles with a diameter smaller than the hole diameter are quickly passed through the screen and fall into the collection chamber, and are periodically collected and discharged from the second discharge port, while coarse particles with a diameter larger than the hole diameter remain on the screen surface.

[0060] When the sliding seat moves along the guide rail to the lowest side of the screen plate, the inclined block fixed at its end fits against the bottom edge of the screen plate, and the vertically downward positioning edge raises the screen plate to form a natural inclination. This forces the large particles stuck on the upper part of the screen surface to slide along the inclined surface towards the first discharge port by gravity. After collecting at the edge of the discharge port, they return to the crushing chamber through the external receiving pipe or conveyor trough for secondary crushing. This process cleverly utilizes lateral driving force and additional displacement to achieve directional pushing while screening horizontally, without the need for additional conveyor belts or pneumatic devices, significantly reducing energy consumption and equipment footprint.

[0061] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peanut screening and crushing device, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (01), a screening and crushing chamber (02), a crushing assembly (03), and a vibrating screen mechanism (04). The screening and crushing chamber (02) is fixed on the frame (01) and is a cylindrical structure with an open top. Its interior is provided with a feeding chamber (021), a crushing chamber (022), and a collecting chamber (023) from top to bottom. The crushing chamber (022) has a first discharge port (0221) on its side wall, and the collecting chamber (023) has a second discharge port (0231) at its bottom. The crushing assembly (03) is rotatably mounted in the crushing chamber (022) for crushing peanut particles. The vibrating screen mechanism (04) is installed in the crushing chamber. Directly below the crushing assembly (03), there are a screen plate (041), a reciprocating drive base (042), a transverse drive mechanism (043), and an upper vertical vibration mechanism (044). The screen plate (041) is horizontally installed between the crushing chamber (022) and the collecting chamber (023). The reciprocating drive base (042) is sleeved on the bottom outer edge of the screen plate (041). The transverse drive mechanism (043) is installed on the side wall of the screening and crushing chamber (02) and is located outside the same horizontal plane as the reciprocating drive base (042). The upper vertical vibration mechanism (044) is fixedly installed at the bottom center of the crushing chamber (022).

2. The peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sieve plate (041) has a number of sieve holes evenly distributed on it, which are used to separate the crushed product into oversize and undersize materials according to the set particle size. The undersize material falls into the collection chamber (023) through the sieve holes.

3. The peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sieve plate (041) and the reciprocating drive base (042) are connected by four elastic reset members (0421). Each elastic reset member (0421) adopts a serpentine spring sheet structure, specifically a planar serpentine tortuous component formed by continuous bending of thin sheet spring steel, with the whole extending in a continuous S-shape or wave shape. The four elastic reset members (0421) are respectively arranged at the four corners of the sieve plate (041), and are arranged diagonally symmetrically with the geometric center of the sieve plate (041) as the origin. When the sieve plate (041) is subjected to vertical vibration, the elastic reset member (0421) allows the sieve plate (041) to elastically lift and fall relative to the reciprocating drive base (042) in the vertical direction; at the same time, when the sieve plate (041) is subjected to horizontal reciprocating thrust, the elastic reset member (0421) is used to bend elastically in the horizontal direction to allow the sieve plate (041) to produce a horizontal displacement synchronized with the direction of the push plate movement, and to provide a reset tension when the horizontal thrust is removed.

4. The peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse drive mechanism (043) includes a lead screw drive shaft (0431), a directional slide rail (0432), a sliding seat (0433), and a lifting push plate (0434). The lead screw drive shaft (0431) is horizontally rotatably supported on the side wall of the screening and crushing chamber (02), and is arranged parallel to the side of the reciprocating drive base (042). One end is connected to a motor via a coupling. The directional slide rail (0432) is fixedly arranged directly below the lead screw drive shaft (0431), parallel to and coplanar with the lead screw drive shaft (0431), and is used to constrain the sliding seat (0434). The linear motion trajectory of the sliding seat (0433); the bottom of the sliding seat (0433) is sleeved on the lead screw drive shaft (0431) through a threaded sleeve, and its two sides are slidably engaged on the directional slide rail (0432) through sliding grooves; the sliding seat (0433) reciprocates linearly along the directional slide rail (0432) under the rotation drive of the lead screw drive shaft (0431), and the top of the sliding seat (0433) is fixedly provided with the lifting push plate (0434), and the lifting push plate (0434) is in elastic contact with the lower surface of the screen plate (041).

5. A peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical vibration mechanism (044) includes a vertical drive motor (0441) and a disc cam (0442). The vertical drive motor (0441) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the crushing chamber (022), and its output shaft is set parallel to the screen plate (041). The disc cam (0442) is fixedly sleeved on the end of the output shaft of the vertical drive motor (0441). Its outer edge profile is composed of 2 to 4 arc segments with different radial radii, so that its generatrix has an unequal diameter profile. During the rotation of the disc cam (0442), its cam flange alternately presses against the bottom reinforcing rib of the screen plate (041), and under the synergistic action of the rebound elastic reset component, forces the screen plate (041) to generate continuous high-frequency upward vibration. Combined with the horizontal reciprocating motion generated by the transverse drive mechanism (043), the screen plate (041) obtains a composite elliptical trajectory vibration with superimposed degrees of freedom in both vertical and horizontal directions.

6. The peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the sliding seat (0433) is also provided with a material-pushing inclined block. When the sliding seat (0433) moves on the screw drive shaft (0431) to the lowest side of the screen plate (041), the material-pushing inclined block fits against the bottom edge of the screen plate (041) and extends its edge upward to form a change in the screen plate inclination angle, thereby realizing the one-way forced discharge of coarse particles on the screen and pushing large particles along the inclined surface to one side of the first discharge port (0221) so that they can be collected and re-enter the crushing chamber (022) through the pipeline for secondary crushing.

7. A peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting push plate (0434) includes two parallel wedge-shaped top blocks and a rectangular base. The rectangular base is horizontally fixed on the top of the sliding seat (0433), and its long side is aligned with the axial direction of the lead screw drive shaft (0431). Its width extends vertically upward on both sides to form retaining edges to define the installation position of the wedge-shaped lifting blocks. The two wedge-shaped lifting blocks are respectively fixed to the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the rectangular base and are spaced apart from each other along the axial direction of the lead screw drive shaft (0431). The top of each wedge-shaped lifting block is provided with a wedge-shaped inclined surface that is inclined towards the sieve plate (041), and the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces of the two wedge-shaped lifting blocks face opposite directions. The inclined surface of the front wedge-shaped lifting block is inclined to the upper left, and the inclined surface of the rear wedge-shaped lifting block is inclined to the upper right.

8. A peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At the bottom of the screen plate (041), corresponding to the positions of the two wedge-shaped inclined surfaces, two roller supports are fixedly installed respectively. Each roller support is rotatably mounted with a contact roller at its bottom. The axial direction of the contact roller is arranged horizontally and perpendicular to the transmission direction, and its wheel surface is always in contact with the corresponding wedge-shaped inclined surface. When the sliding seat (0433) is driven by the screw drive shaft (0431) to slide back and forth along the directional slide rail (0432), the contact rollers roll relative to each other along their respective wedge-shaped inclined surfaces. The change in the height difference of the wedge-shaped inclined surfaces forces the screen plate (041) to be alternately lifted or lowered, thereby making the screen plate (041) obtain a periodic lifting displacement perpendicular to its plate surface. This is superimposed with the vertical vibration generated by the upper vertical excitation mechanism (044) to form a compound vibration screening effect.

9. A peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The disc-shaped cam paddle (0442) has three sets of raised teeth with different arc lengths evenly arranged along the circumference of the flange.

10. A peanut screening and crushing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The crushing assembly (03) includes a crushing roller (031) that is horizontally rotatably installed in the crushing chamber (022). The outer wall of the crushing roller (031) is provided with a plurality of annular tearing teeth along the axial direction. The inner wall of the crushing chamber (022) is provided with an arc-shaped impact plate. An adjustable extrusion gap is left between the arc-shaped impact plate and the annular tearing teeth. A motor is provided outside the crushing chamber (022), and its output shaft is connected to the shaft end of the crushing roller (031) that extends out of the housing.

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