A multi-stage separation device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of spiral chute, disclose a kind of fine particle grade titanium ore spiral chute multi-section sorting equipment, including outer frame, setting in the outer frame spiral chute body, setting in the central axis of the spiral chute body vertical pipe, and transversely between the outer frame and the vertical pipe and supported in the spiral chute body below support pipe, the support pipe and the vertical pipe are communicated, the upper surface of the spiral chute body is provided with intercepting component, the intercepting component is connected with the communication control between the support pipe and the vertical pipe by transmission component.The mechanical linkage between intercepting component, transmission component and communication control makes the deflection angle of intercepting strip directly determine the relative opening between second gate and first gate, the change of this opening corresponds to the actual thickness of the inner side liquid layer in the lower part of spiral chute, so that the additional water flow of each layer support pipe always keeps synchronization with the current tank surface water shortage degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spiral chute technology, specifically to a multi-stage separation device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute. Background Technology

[0002] Spiral sluices utilize the centrifugal force, gravity, and friction at the bottom of the slurry to separate minerals according to their specific gravity. In the separation of fine-grained titanium ore, they are used as pre-enrichment equipment. The slurry flows in a spiral pattern, causing heavy minerals to tend towards the inner side of the sluice and light minerals to tend towards the outer edge. In recent years, multi-stage improvements have combined roughing, cleaning, and scavenging sections into the same equipment, allowing the slurry to complete different levels of separation in each section. However, as the slurry flows from top to bottom, the centrifugal force continuously pushes it outward and forms a transverse liquid surface slope from the outer edge to the inner edge on the cross-section of the sluice.

[0003] For multi-stage spiral sluice box equipment for fine-grained titanium ore, the long spiral sections and large overall height difference cause the slurry to continuously converge outward due to centrifugal force when flowing through the middle and lower sections. This results in a sharp decrease in water volume on the inside of the sluice box and an excessive amount of water on the outside. The concentration of the slurry on the inside increases and the fluidity decreases. This situation weakens the ability of light minerals to migrate outward and the separation accuracy. At the same time, the local increase in concentration changes the flow film state and interferes with the stability of the initially separated ore zone. Water needs to be added to the middle and lower layers during production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-stage spiral chute sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore, which solves the problem of needing to replenish water in the middle and lower sections of the multi-stage spiral chute device for fine-grained titanium ore due to the sharp reduction in water volume on the inner side caused by centrifugal force.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute, comprising an outer frame, a spiral chute body disposed within the outer frame, a vertical pipe disposed at the central axis of the spiral chute body, and a support pipe horizontally disposed between the outer frame and the vertical pipe and supported below the spiral chute body, wherein the support pipe is connected to the vertical pipe, and an interception component is disposed on the upper surface of the spiral chute body, the interception component being connected to a communication control component between the support pipe and the vertical pipe via a transmission component.

[0006] Preferably, the interception component includes an interception bar disposed on the upper surface of the spiral chute body, a rotating shaft disposed on the top of the interception bar, and a torsion spring sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the outer side of the spiral chute body is provided with a rotating ring that is concentrically adapted to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the rotating ring, and the two ends of the torsion spring abut against the rotating shaft and the rotating ring, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the lower surface of the support tube is provided with drainage holes, the distribution density of the drainage holes near the vertical tube is greater than the distribution density away from the vertical tube, and the area of ​​the support tube near the outer edge is not provided with drainage holes.

[0008] Preferably, the communication control component includes a through hole at the connection between the vertical pipe and the support pipe, a first gate plate and a second gate plate arranged side by side in the through hole, the first gate plate having a water inlet hole and limiting posts located on both sides of the water inlet hole, the second gate plate having a water inlet channel adapted to the water inlet hole, the water inlet channel being arc-shaped and the channel width gradually narrowing from one end to the other end, and the second gate plate being rotatably disposed in the through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a connecting shaft fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft, a first bevel gear fixed to the upper end of the connecting shaft, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, and a connecting rod disposed on the side of the second bevel gear. The second gate plate is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The second bevel gear has a receiving groove inside, and a first spring and a centrifugal ball are disposed in the receiving groove. The outer wall of the connecting rod has a concave hole adapted to the centrifugal ball.

[0010] Preferably, multiple sets of support pipes are arranged along the height direction of the spiral chute body. The support pipes located below half the height of the spiral chute body are connected to the vertical pipe and form a water supply channel, while the support pipes located above half the height of the spiral chute body are not connected to the vertical pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the spiral chute body is provided with a discharge channel, the discharge channel includes a front half, a rear half, and a stepped surface formed between the front half and the rear half. A sliding groove is provided on the stepped surface, and a toothed groove is provided on the upper surface of the sliding groove. A plurality of material distribution blocks are provided between the front half and the rear half. The lower end of each material distribution block is provided with a sliding foot, which slides in cooperation with the sliding groove. A flat gear is provided inside the sliding foot, and the flat gear meshes with the toothed groove.

[0012] Preferably, each of the material distribution blocks is provided with a knob at its upper end. The knob is connected to a third bevel gear via a straight rod. A fourth bevel gear is provided on the side of the third bevel gear to mesh with it. The fourth bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the spur gear. A locking block is also provided at the lower end of the straight rod. The locking block engages with the tooth groove of the fourth bevel gear. A second spring is provided below the locking block. The second spring is sleeved on the outside of the straight rod and pushes the straight rod upward.

[0013] Preferably, the upper surface of the rear half, which is close to the step surface, is provided with a scale groove for indicating the position of the material distribution block.

[0014] Preferably, the spiral chute body is assembled from multiple sections connected by flanges, and a material receiving hopper is provided directly above the spiral chute body.

[0015] This invention provides a multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute. It offers the following advantages: the mechanical linkage between the interception component, transmission component, and connecting control component allows the deflection angle of the interception bar to directly determine the relative opening between the second and first gates. This opening change corresponds one-to-one with the actual thickness of the liquid layer on the lower inner side of the spiral chute. Compared to existing technologies that require separate detection elements and valve actuators outside the sorting process, this solution eliminates the need for external power supply and signal transmission, enabling real-time water volume adjustment. This eliminates the time misalignment between the replenished water volume and the required water volume caused by the lag in liquid level detection and valve response delay in traditional replenishment methods, ensuring that the replenished water flow rate of each support pipe is always synchronized with the current water shortage level on the chute surface.

[0016] The distribution density of drainage holes near the vertical pipe is higher than that far from the vertical pipe, and there are no holes on the outer edge of the support pipe. This hole distribution pattern matches the actual liquid volume distribution characteristics of the spiral chute cross-section, which is water-deficient on the inner side and water-rich on the outer side. This allows the replenished water to be released directly into the inner area where the water volume is most needed without injecting additional water into the outer water passage area. At the same time, only the support pipes of the lower half of the spiral chute body are connected to the vertical pipe, while the upper half are not connected to each other. This segmented water supply structure precisely limits the water replenishment range to the middle and later sections where the centrifugal force accumulation effect is fully manifested. It avoids introducing excess water into the initial sorting area of ​​the upper half to interfere with the flow field stability. The setting method of using the upper half of the vertical pipe to store water and supplying it downward to each support pipe by gravity can provide a stable water supply pressure without relying on external pressurization equipment.

[0017] The clutch mechanism formed by the centrifugal ball inside the second bevel gear and the concave hole on the end face of the connecting rod allows the centrifugal ball to overcome the elastic force of the first spring and retract into the receiving groove and disengage from the transmission when the intercepting bar deflects rapidly at a large amplitude. The second gate maintains its original opening and does not move idling with the second bevel gear. When the intercepting bar quickly resets, this disengaged state continues. Only when the intercepting bar deflects slowly at an angular velocity lower than the set threshold does the centrifugal ball remain embedded in the concave hole and drive the second gate to adjust the opening. This speed threshold mechanism distinguishes between rapid instantaneous impact and reset actions and normal water replenishment adjustment actions, avoiding erroneous water replenishment operations caused by short-term fluctuations in slurry flow or unsteady conditions during equipment start-up and shutdown.

[0018] The stepped surface between the front and rear halves of the discharge channel allows the slurry to flow directly over the stepped surface without directly scouring the chute. The toothed grooves on the upper surface of the chute, together with the flat gears inside the sliding foot, enable the adjustment and locking of the distribution block position. The arrangement of the toothed grooves on the upper surface of the chute avoids the mainstream area of ​​the slurry, thereby reducing the deposition and blockage of solid particles. The scale grooves on the upper surface of the rear half, close to the stepped surface, are also protected by the stepped surface, preventing long-term large-area scouring by the slurry. These structures together ensure the long-term flexibility of the distribution block adjustment mechanism and the lasting clarity of the scale markings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The three-dimensional representation of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention after one section of the spiral chute has been removed;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral chute body of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after removing the spiral chute body;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support tube, interception assembly, and transmission assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembly of a single support tube, interception component, and transmission component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the first gate and the second gate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the discharge channel of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the material separation component of the present invention.

[0028] The components include: 1. Outer frame; 2. Spiral chute body; 3. Vertical pipe; 4. Support pipe; 41. Drainage hole; 5. Interception assembly; 51. Interception bar; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Torsion spring; 54. Rotating ring; 6. Transmission assembly; 61. Connecting shaft; 62. First bevel gear; 63. Second bevel gear; 64. Connecting rod; 65. Receiving groove; 66. First spring; 67. Centrifugal ball; 68. Concave hole; 7. Connecting control component; 71. Through hole; 72. First... 73. Gate; 74. Second gate; 75. Water inlet; 76. Limiting post; 77. Water inlet channel; 88. Discharge channel; 89. Front half; 80. Rear half; 81. Stepped surface; 82. Slide groove; 83. Gear groove; 84. Material distribution block; 85. Sliding foot; 86. Flat gear; 87. Knob; 88. Straight rod; 89. Third bevel gear; 80. Fourth bevel gear; 810. Locking block; 811. Second spring; 812. Scale groove; 9. Material receiving hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4 This invention provides a multi-segment sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral sluices, comprising an outer frame 1 as the supporting skeleton of the entire device, the internal space of which is used to accommodate the spiral sluice body 2 coiled from top to bottom. The spiral sluice body 2 is composed of multiple sluice segments connected vertically by flanges. The multi-segment structure facilitates adjustment of the total height and number of segments according to actual needs, while reducing the processing difficulty and transportation cost of a single segment. A vertical pipe 3 runs vertically through the entire device along the central axis of the spiral sluice body 2. The vertical pipe 3 serves as both the central column for structural support and the flow channel for conveying and replenishing water. A support pipe 4 is horizontally connected between the outer frame 1 and the vertical pipe 3. The upper surface of the support pipe 4 supports the lower surface of the spiral sluice body 2, ensuring that each segment of the spiral sluice maintains a stable sluice surface shape and slope during processing and operation, preventing deformation of the sluice due to the impact of the slurry gravity and its own weight. A receiving hopper 9 is provided on the outer frame 1, located directly above the spiral sluice body 2, for temporarily receiving the slurry and subsequently pouring the slurry onto the spiral sluice body 2.

[0031] The support pipe 4 and the vertical pipe 3 are connected at a specific position, allowing water in the vertical pipe 3 to enter the support pipe 4 through this connection. The support pipe 4 serves the dual functions of structural support and fluid transport. To control the opening and closing of this connection and the flow rate, a connection control component 7 is provided at the connection between the support pipe 4 and the vertical pipe 3. This connection control component 7 can change the flow area at the connection to adjust the amount of water entering the support pipe 4. An interception component 5 is provided on the upper surface of the spiral chute body 2. This interception component 5 protrudes from the chute surface at a certain height. When the slurry flows along the surface of the spiral chute, the interception component 5 physically obstructs the flow of the slurry.

[0032] The interception component 5 and the connecting control component 7 are mechanically linked through the transmission component 6. The transmission component 6 transmits the impact force of the slurry on the interception component 5 or the displacement of the interception component 5 to the connecting control component 7, so that the opening of the connecting control component 7 changes synchronously with the state of the interception component 5. When the slurry flow rate is large or the flow velocity is fast, the interception component 5 is subjected to a large impact and undergoes a large-amplitude action. This action is transmitted to the connecting control component 7 through the transmission component 6, causing it to reduce the flow area at the connection. Conversely, when the slurry flow rate is small or the flow velocity is slow, the action amplitude of the interception component 5 is reduced, and the connecting control component 7 correspondingly increases the flow area, thereby realizing automatic water distribution regulation based on the actual flow state of the slurry.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 4Specifically, multiple sets of support pipes 4 are arranged along the height direction of the spiral chute body 2. Each set of support pipes 4 is arranged at intervals in the vertical direction and independently supports the spiral chute section at the corresponding height. However, not all support pipes 4 are connected to the vertical pipe 3. Only the support pipes 4 located below half the total height of the spiral chute body 2 are connected to the vertical pipe 3 and used as water supply channels. The support pipes 4 located above half the height are kept closed and isolated from the vertical pipe 3. This is because after the slurry enters from the top of the spiral chute, it flows downward along the chute surface. In the initial stage of the flow, i.e. the upper half of the journey, the slurry itself has sufficient liquid volume and the lateral distribution is relatively uniform. The problem of reduced water volume on the inner side mainly occurs when the slurry flows through the middle and later stages, i.e. the lower half of the journey. The cumulative effect of centrifugal force pushing the liquid flow to the outer edge through the continuous action of multiple spirals is fully manifested. Therefore, setting up water supply channels only in the lower half of the journey can accurately replenish the actual water-deficient section, while avoiding the introduction of unnecessary water volume in the upper half of the journey to interfere with the flow field stability of the initial sorting zone. Meanwhile, since the vertical pipe 3 runs through the entire equipment along the axial direction, the upper half of its internal space is used to store a certain amount of replenished water. Since the vertical pipe 3 extends continuously along the height direction and only the lower half is connected to each support pipe 4, the water stored in the upper half flows downward along the inner cavity of the vertical pipe 3 under its own gravity and enters the support pipes 4 located at different heights in sequence. The water pressure is naturally formed with the height of the liquid level in the vertical pipe 3, and the water pressure at each support pipe 4 is determined by the position difference between the liquid level and the outlet. This gravity water supply method from top to bottom can meet the water supply pressure requirements of each layer of support pipes 4 without the need to add a booster pump or air pressure device to the pipeline, reducing the number of external power components.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 5 , Figure 6 Multiple drainage holes 41 are provided on the lower surface of the support pipe 4. These drainage holes 41 are arranged radially from the inside to the outside of the support pipe 4, and their distribution density shows a regular change. Specifically, there are more drainage holes 41 and smaller spacing between them on the side closer to the vertical pipe 3. As the pipe extends away from the vertical pipe 3, the number of drainage holes 41 gradually decreases and the spacing between them increases until no drainage holes 41 are provided on the edge area of ​​the support pipe 4 near the outer frame 1. The basis for this arrangement is that the area with the most severe water shortage on the cross-section of the spiral chute is always the inner side closer to the vertical pipe 3. Under the action of centrifugal force, the slurry is continuously squeezed outward, making the inner liquid layer the thinnest and the water volume the least, while the outer edge area has excess water and even forms an excessively thick flow film. Concentrating the drainage holes 41 in the inner area near the vertical pipe 3 allows the replenished water to fall directly into the inner side of the tank surface where the water needs replenishment the most. The distribution decreasing outward avoids adding extra water in the area with excess water volume at the outer edge. Not opening holes in the edge area further prevents the replenished water from falling into the outer edge and aggravating the existing uneven liquid volume phenomenon, thereby ensuring that all the replenished water acts on the inner water-deficient zone without putting extra burden on the outer water-excess zone.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 6 , Figure 7 Specifically, a through hole 71 is opened at the connection between the vertical pipe 3 and the support pipe 4, penetrating the pipe wall. This through hole 71 serves as the only inlet channel for water to enter the support pipe 4 from the vertical pipe 3. Inside the through hole 71, a first gate 72 and a second gate 73 are arranged side by side perpendicular to the water flow direction. These two gates are stacked in the through hole 71, and their surfaces are both perpendicular to the water flow direction. The first gate 72 remains fixed relative to the through hole 71, and a water inlet hole 74 penetrating the plate thickness is opened on its surface. This water inlet hole 74 is a fixed cross-sectional opening for water flow. Limiting posts 75 are respectively provided on both sides of the water inlet hole 74. These two limiting posts 75 protrude along the surface of the first gate 72 and extend to the side where the second gate 73 is located.

[0036] The second gate 73 is installed in the through hole 71 in a manner that allows it to rotate around its own central axis. Its plate surface is in contact with the plate surface of the first gate 72, and the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the plate surface. A water inlet channel 76 penetrating the plate thickness is provided on the second gate 73. The outline of the water inlet channel 76 is arc-shaped and extends circumferentially on the plate surface of the second gate 73. The width of the water inlet channel 76 gradually narrows from one end of the arc to the other end, so that the channel has a continuously varying flow cross-sectional area at different angular positions. When the second gate 73 is relative to the first gate 72, the water inlet channel 73 can rotate around its own central axis. When the first gate 72 rotates, the water inlet channel 76 rotates synchronously with the second gate 73 and sweeps across the area where the water inlet hole 74 is located on the first gate 72 during the rotation. Since the width of the water inlet channel 76 changes continuously along the arc length direction, the overlapping area between the water inlet channel 76 and the water inlet hole 74 changes continuously with the rotation angle of the second gate 73. When the overlapping area is the largest, the widest part of the water inlet channel 76 is aligned with the water inlet hole 74. When the overlapping area is the smallest, the narrowest part or closed section of the water inlet channel 76 is aligned with the water inlet hole 74.

[0037] The limiting post 75 protrudes from the surface of the first gate plate 72 into the rotation path of the second gate plate 73. When the second gate plate 73 rotates to two extreme positions, it abuts against one of the limiting posts 75 respectively, thereby limiting the effective rotation range of the second gate plate 73. This ensures that the overlapping area of ​​the water inlet channel 76 and the water inlet hole 74 always varies between the preset maximum and minimum values, without completely misaligned closure or over-opening. It corresponds to the starting angle and maximum angle of the interceptor plate rotation, ensuring that the water inlet closure at the starting and final positions can still be performed even if the centrifugal ball 67 fails. At the same time, the arc-shaped contour of the water inlet channel 76 is adapted to the rotation trajectory of the second gate plate 73, ensuring that at any angle during the rotation process, a part of the water inlet channel 76 is always within the orthographic projection range of the water inlet hole 74 without generating invalid stroke.

[0038] Please see the appendix Figure 5 Appendix Figure 6 Specifically, the intercepting bar 51 protrudes from the upper surface of the spiral chute body 2 at a certain height and its length extends radially along the spiral chute. The intercepting bar 51 spans the slurry flow path and directly contacts the slurry moving along the chute surface. When the slurry flows past the location of the intercepting bar 51, the intercepting bar 51 physically impedes the slurry's propulsion, slowing down the flow speed. The slurry gains a longer residence time during the impediment process so that heavy minerals and light minerals can be fully stratified in the centrifugal force field. At the same time, the intercepting bar 51 converts the flow impact of the slurry into a driving force acting on itself.

[0039] A rotating shaft 52 is fixedly connected to the top of the intercepting bar 51. The rotating shaft 52 is integrated with the intercepting bar 51 and moves synchronously with it. The axial direction of the rotating shaft 52 is parallel to the radial direction of the spiral chute at that position. A rotating ring 54 is embedded in the inner wall of the outer side of the spiral chute body 2. The inner hole of the rotating ring 54 is adapted to the outer diameter of the rotating shaft 52. The rotating shaft 52 passes into the rotating ring 54 and can rotate freely relative to the rotating ring 54 around its own axis. The rotation of the rotating shaft 52 in the rotating ring 54 allows the intercepting bar 51 to swing up and down around the rotating shaft 52. When the slurry impacts the intercepting bar 51, the intercepting bar 51 overcomes the resistance and deflects downward. After the slurry flow decreases or stops, the intercepting bar 51 swings back to its initial position under the action of the restoring force. A torsion spring 53 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 52 and located between the rotating shaft 52 and the rotating ring 54. Within the annular space, the two free ends of the torsion spring 53 are fixed to the rotating shaft 52 and the rotating ring 54, respectively. When the rotating shaft 52 rotates relative to the rotating ring 54, the two ends of the torsion spring 53 generate a relative torsion angle, thereby causing the spring body to undergo elastic deformation and store torsional potential energy. This torsional potential energy generates a reverse resistance torque on the rotation of the rotating shaft 52. Its physical meaning is that the intercepting bar 51 will only deflect when the impact torque of the slurry on the intercepting bar 51 is greater than the resistance torque provided by the torsion spring 53. The magnitude of the impact torque directly depends on the flow velocity and flow rate of the slurry, thereby converting the flow intensity of the slurry into a measurable deflection angle of the intercepting bar 51. At the same time, the elastic coefficient of the torsion spring 53 determines the sensitivity threshold of the intercepting bar 51. This threshold can be pre-selected according to the concentration of the slurry and the feed rate to match the response requirements under different working conditions.

[0040] Please see the appendix Figure 6 Specifically, the lower end of the connecting shaft 61 is coaxially fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft 52 and transmits the rotation of the rotating shaft 52 upward. The upper end of the connecting shaft 61 is fixed with the first bevel gear 62 and the axes of the two coincide. The second bevel gear 63 is placed on the side of the connecting shaft 61 and meshes with the conical surface of the first bevel gear 62. One end of the connecting rod 64 is fixed to the side of the second bevel gear 63 and rotates with it around its own axis. The other end of the connecting rod 64 extends outward and is fixedly connected to the second gate plate 73. The rotation angle and direction of the second bevel gear 63 are directly transmitted to the second gate plate 73 through the connecting rod 64 so that it rotates synchronously in the through hole 71.

[0041] The above is the basic scheme without the centrifugal ball 67 disengagement mechanism. When the intercepting bar 51 drives the rotating shaft 52 and the first bevel gear 62 to rotate, the second bevel gear 63 rotates synchronously via the driving connecting rod 64 and the second gate 73. The second gate 73 changes its opening in real time according to the deflection of the intercepting bar 51. Thus, when the slurry impact causes the intercepting bar 51 to deflect rapidly, the second gate 73 rotates synchronously and rapidly. The water inlet channel 76 sweeps from the closed position through the water inlet hole 74 to its maximum opening and then back to the closed position in a short time. Because the entire process lasts extremely short, the actual cumulative water volume through the water inlet hole 74 is very small, and its effect on replenishing the liquid volume inside the spiral chute is negligible. When insufficient slurry flow causes the inner liquid layer to thin, the impact torque on the intercepting bar 51 decreases, thus reducing the deflection angular velocity. The second gate 73 rotates slowly at an angular velocity, maintaining the overlap area between the water inlet channel 76 and the water inlet hole 74 within a certain range. This slow rotation keeps the water inlet hole 74 open for a longer period of time, thus continuously supplying replenished water. When the slurry condition is restored, the intercepting bar 51 slowly returns to its initial upright position. The second gate 73 rotates slowly in sync with the intercepting bar 51, and the overlap area between the water inlet channel 76 and the water inlet hole 74 gradually decreases until it is completely closed. The replenished water flow decreases linearly with the rotation of the gate and returns to zero at the end of the reset.

[0042] Please see the appendix Figure 6 As an alternative further option, the second bevel gear 63 has multiple equally spaced annular receiving grooves 65 arranged along the axial direction inside. The opening of each receiving groove 65 faces the direction of the connecting rod 64, and each groove contains a first spring 66 and a centrifugal ball 67. The end face of the connecting rod 64 facing the second bevel gear 63 has recessed holes 68, and the positions of each recessed hole 68 are respectively opposite to the opening of each receiving groove 65. The mating structure of multiple sets of centrifugal balls 67 and recessed holes 68 can improve the reliability of the engagement connection and the uniformity of torque transmission.

[0043] When more precise transmission control is required using the disengagement characteristic of the centrifugal ball 67, the first spring 66 and the centrifugal ball 67 can be installed in the second bevel gear 63, and a recessed hole 68 can be opened on the end face of the connecting rod 64. When the rotational speed of the second bevel gear 63 is lower than the set threshold, the centrifugal ball 67 remains embedded in the recessed hole 68 to achieve synchronous transmission. When the rotational speed of the second bevel gear 63 is higher than the set threshold, it overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 66 and retracts into the receiving groove 65 to achieve transmission disengagement. This disengagement mechanism can completely eliminate any extra water replenishment caused by the rotation of the gate during high-speed impact and rapid reset. It has better adaptability to sorting conditions with higher requirements for water replenishment accuracy. When this disengagement mechanism is not needed, the centrifugal ball 67 and the first spring 66 can be removed or the recessed hole 68 can be removed to maintain the conventional fixed transmission relationship between the second bevel gear 63 and the connecting rod 64.

[0044] In this situation: when the intercepting bar 51 deflects rapidly and significantly, for example, when the slurry flow rate suddenly increases or the slurry impact force increases instantaneously, the rotating shaft 52 drives the connecting shaft 61 and the first bevel gear 62 to rotate at high speed. The second bevel gear 63 rotates rapidly accordingly. At this time, the centrifugal force on the centrifugal ball 67 inside the second bevel gear 63 increases sharply and exceeds the preload of the first spring 66. The centrifugal ball 67 moves outward along the receiving groove 65 and compresses the first spring 66. After the centrifugal ball 67 completely retracts into the receiving groove 65, it disengages from the concave hole 68 on the end face of the connecting rod 64. The second bevel gear... The rigid engagement between 63 and connecting rod 64 is released, and the free rotation of the second bevel gear 63 is no longer transmitted to the connecting rod 64. The second gate 73 remains in its original position and does not rotate with the second bevel gear 63. Since this engagement is released at the initial stage of the deflection of the intercepting bar 51 and the response time of the centrifugal ball 67 is extremely short, the second gate 73 remains stationary throughout the entire deflection process. Therefore, there is no intermediate process in which the second gate 73 rotates from one limit post 75 to another limit post 75 and sweeps across the water inlet channel 76, and any staged water discharge caused by the rotation of the gate is completely avoided.

[0045] When the impact force of the slurry disappears or decreases to an insufficient level to maintain deflection, the torsion spring 53 drives the rotating shaft 52 to quickly swing the intercepting bar 51 back to its initial upright position. The speed of this reset process is determined by the elastic coefficient and moment of inertia of the torsion spring 53 and is independent of the presence of slurry. Due to the fast reset speed, the connecting shaft 61 and the first bevel gear 62 rotate in the opposite direction at high speed for a short period of time, and the second bevel gear 63 also generates a high reverse speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal ball 67 continues to remain detached from the concave hole 68. The connecting rod 64 and the second gate 73 do not rotate during the reset process, thus ensuring that the intercepting bar 51... While the second gate 73 is rapidly reset, it will not change its opening due to reverse rotation. Only when the intercepting bar 51 deflects slowly at an angular velocity lower than the threshold value at which the centrifugal ball 67 leaves the hole, the centrifugal force on the centrifugal ball 67 is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 66 and remain in the concave hole 68. Only then can the rotation of the second bevel gear 63 be transmitted to the connecting rod 64 through the engagement of the centrifugal ball 67 and the concave hole 68 and drive the second gate 73 to adjust the water volume. This speed threshold mechanism allows the system to naturally distinguish between the slow deflection condition that requires water replenishment and the rapid impact condition that does not require water replenishment, thus avoiding accidental water replenishment caused by instantaneous impact or reset action.

[0046] Please see the appendix Figure 8 Appendix Figure 9The discharge channel 8 is divided into a front half 81 and a rear half 82 along the slurry flow direction, with a stepped surface 83 forming a height difference between the two. A chute 84 is provided on the stepped surface 83, and a toothed groove 85 is formed on the upper surface of the chute 84. Multiple wedge-shaped material distribution blocks 86 are slidably arranged within the chute 84, and each material distribution block 86 has a sliding foot 87 at its lower end with a built-in flat gear 88 that meshes with the toothed groove 85. A knob 89 at the upper end of the material distribution block 86 is connected to a third bevel gear 811 via a straight rod 810. The third bevel gear 811 meshes laterally with a fourth bevel gear 812, and the fourth bevel gear 812 is coaxially fixed to the flat gear 88. Pressing the knob 89... The straight rod 810 is lowered and the second spring 814 is compressed. After the locking block 813 disengages from the inter-tooth groove of the fourth bevel gear 812, the knob 89 is rotated to drive the flat gear 88 to rotate via the bevel gear pair. The flat gear 88 rolls along the tooth groove 85, causing the material distribution block 86 to move along the slide groove 84 to the target position. After the knob 89 is released, the second spring 814 pushes the straight rod 810 to move upward and reset, so that the locking block 813 is locked into the inter-tooth groove to lock the fourth bevel gear 812. The upper surface of the rear half 82 close to the step surface 83 is provided with a scale groove 815, and when the slurry crosses the step surface 83, it completely avoids the area of ​​the scale groove 815 to avoid erosion and wear.

[0047] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 9 Based on the above technical solution, the embodiments of the present invention also provide the following workflow:

[0048] During normal processing, the slurry falls into the upper part of the spiral chute body 2 through the upper receiving hopper 9 and the discharge pipe. It then spirals down along the spiral chute body 2. Under centrifugal force, heavy minerals tend to move inwards while light minerals tend to move outwards, thus completing the initial separation. When the slurry flows through the upper and middle interception components 5, it directly pushes the interception bars 51 downwards. The interception bars 51 drive the rotating shaft 52 to overcome the torque of the first spring 66 within the rotating ring 54, thus slowing the slurry flow, reducing the flow rate, and extending the separation time. When the slurry flows to the lower and middle part, the amount of water on the inner side directly determines the magnitude of the impact force on the interception bars 51. If the inner water volume is still insufficient... When the interceptor bar 51 is pushed with a large force and deflected downward to the lower limit position, the rotating shaft 52 drives the first bevel gear 62 and the second bevel gear 63 to rotate rapidly through the connecting shaft 61. Under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal ball 67 inside the second bevel gear 63 overcomes the constraint of the first spring 66 and retracts into the receiving groove 65. The centrifugal ball 67 disengages from the concave hole 68 of the connecting rod 64, causing the second bevel gear 63 to be unable to drive the connecting rod 64 to rotate. The second gate 73 remains stationary and the water inlet channel 76 is misaligned with the water inlet hole 74 of the first gate 72. The water in the vertical pipe 3 cannot enter the support pipe 4 and therefore no water is replenished.

[0049] Conversely, when the slurry flows through the middle and lower parts, the inner water volume is less, and the impact force of the slurry on the intercepting bar 51 is weakened. The intercepting bar 51 only deflects slowly downward with a small amplitude. At this time, the rotating shaft 52 drives the first bevel gear 62 and the second bevel gear 63 to rotate slowly through the connecting shaft 61. The centrifugal force on the centrifugal ball 67 is less than the elastic force of the first spring 66. The centrifugal ball 67 is squeezed by the first spring 66 and kept in the concave hole 68. The second bevel gear 63 drives the connecting rod 64 to rotate synchronously through the engagement of the centrifugal ball 67 and the concave hole 68. The connecting rod 64 then drives the second gate plate 73 to rotate relative to the first gate plate 72. The movement causes the arc-shaped water inlet channel 76 on the second gate 73 to gradually overlap with the water inlet hole 74 on the first gate 72. Water in the vertical pipe 3 enters the support pipe 4 through the through hole 71, and then is discharged downward from the drain hole 41 opened on the lower surface of the support pipe 4 to replenish the slurry in the lower part of the spiral chute body 2. The smaller the deflection angle of the intercepting bar 51, the less slurry is in the inner side and the greater the amount of water required. At this time, the overlapping area of ​​the water inlet channel 76 and the water inlet hole 74 is larger. Conversely, the larger the deflection angle of the intercepting bar 51, the less slurry is in the inner side and the smaller the amount of water required. The overlapping area is correspondingly smaller.

[0050] The linkage between the interception component 5 and the internal control component 7 of the water supply channel constitutes an adaptive water replenishment mechanism based on the actual state of the slurry. The core of this mechanism is to directly convert the slurry flow characteristics on the same spiral channel cross section into a control signal for the amount of water replenishment. Closed-loop regulation can be achieved without external sensors and independent actuators. In the existing technology, the method of timed and quantitative replenishment or manual observation and valve adjustment is usually adopted. It is impossible to make differentiated responses according to the real-time changes in the amount of water inside different sections of the spiral channel. In this solution, the interception bar 51 is both a slurry flow retardation element and an internal liquid volume sensing element. Its deflection angle reflects both the impact intensity of the slurry on the inner wall and the thickness of the internal liquid layer. This angle is transmitted to the second gate 73 without delay through the mechanical transmission chain, so that the water replenishment action occurs synchronously with the change in water volume, eliminating the defects of detection lag and regulation lag in the traditional replenishment method.

[0051] The working process of the discharge channel 8 is as follows: the slurry flows from the front half 81 to the rear half 82 and crosses the step surface 83. The step surface 83 does not need to directly bear the slurry scouring, thus avoiding the slurry filling the chute 84 and causing the sliding foot 87 to be obstructed. The toothed groove 85 is set on the upper surface of the chute 84, which also avoids the mainstream area of ​​the slurry. When separating concentrate, middlings and tailings, the wedge-shaped material distribution block 86 separates the product belts. When it is necessary to adjust the material distribution position, first press the knob 89 to lower the straight rod 810 and compress the second spring 814. The third bevel gear 811 and the fourth bevel gear 812 enter the meshing state and the locking block 813 disengages from the locking position below the fourth bevel gear 812. Then, turn the knob 89 to drive the straight rod 810 and the third bevel gear 811 to rotate. The third bevel gear 811 drives the fourth bevel gear 812 to rotate. The fourth bevel gear 812 drives the coaxial flat gear 88 to rotate in the tooth groove 85, thereby moving the material distribution block 86 along the slide groove 84 to the target position. When the adjustment is in place, the knob 89 is released, and the second spring 814 pushes the locking block 813 to move upward and insert into the fourth bevel gear 812 to lock the position. At the same time, the third bevel gear 811 and the fourth bevel gear 812 disengage to avoid accidental movement. The upper surface of the rear half 82 close to the step surface 83 is also provided with a scale groove 815. When the slurry directly crosses the step surface 83, it can pass over the scale groove 815 without causing long-term large-area scouring, effectively protecting the clarity of the scale markings so as to facilitate reading the precise adjustment position of each material distribution block 86.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage separation device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute, characterized in that, The system includes an outer frame (1), a spiral chute body (2) disposed within the outer frame (1), a vertical pipe (3) disposed at the central axis of the spiral chute body (2), and a support pipe (4) disposed laterally between the outer frame (1) and the vertical pipe (3) and supported below the spiral chute body (2). The support pipe (4) is connected to the vertical pipe (3). An interception component (5) is disposed on the upper surface of the spiral chute body (2). The interception component (5) is connected to the communication control component (7) between the support pipe (4) and the vertical pipe (3) through a transmission component (6).

2. The multi-stage separation equipment for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interception component (5) includes an interception bar (51) disposed on the upper surface of the spiral chute body (2), a rotating shaft (52) disposed on the top of the interception bar (51), and a torsion spring (53) sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft (52). The inner wall of the outer side of the spiral chute body (2) is provided with a rotating ring (54) that is concentrically adapted to the rotating shaft (52). The rotating shaft (52) is rotatably installed in the rotating ring (54). The two ends of the torsion spring (53) abut against the rotating shaft (52) and the rotating ring (54) respectively.

3. The multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower surface of the support pipe (4) is provided with drainage holes (41). The distribution density of the drainage holes (41) near the vertical pipe (3) is greater than that far from the vertical pipe (3), and the area of ​​the support pipe (4) near the outer edge is not provided with drainage holes (41).

4. The multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 3, characterized in that, The communication control component (7) includes a through hole (71) opened at the connection between the vertical pipe (3) and the support pipe (4), a first gate plate (72) and a second gate plate (73) arranged side by side in the through hole (71), the first gate plate (72) is provided with a water inlet hole (74) and a limiting post (75) located on both sides of the water inlet hole (74), the second gate plate (73) is provided with a water inlet channel (76) adapted to the water inlet hole (74), the water inlet channel (76) is arc-shaped and the channel width gradually narrows from one end to the other end, and the second gate plate (73) is rotatably arranged in the through hole (71).

5. The multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (6) includes a connecting shaft (61) fixed to the upper end of the rotating shaft (52), a first bevel gear (62) fixed to the upper end of the connecting shaft (61), a second bevel gear (63) meshing with the first bevel gear (62), and a connecting rod (64) disposed on the side of the second bevel gear (63). The second gate plate (73) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (64). The second bevel gear (63) has a receiving groove (65) inside. A first spring (66) and a centrifugal ball (67) are disposed in the receiving groove (65). The outer wall of the connecting rod (64) has a concave hole (68) adapted to the centrifugal ball (67).

6. The multi-stage separation equipment for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sets of support pipes (4) are arranged along the height direction of the spiral chute body (2). The support pipes (4) located below half the height of the spiral chute body (2) are connected to the vertical pipe (3) and form a water supply channel. The support pipes (4) located above half the height of the spiral chute body (2) are not connected to the vertical pipe (3).

7. The multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the spiral chute body (2) is provided with a discharge channel (8), which includes a front half (81), a rear half (82), and a stepped surface (83) formed between the front half (81) and the rear half (82). A sliding groove (84) is provided on the stepped surface (83), and a toothed groove (85) is provided on the upper surface of the sliding groove (84). A plurality of material distribution blocks (86) are provided between the front half (81) and the rear half (82). A sliding foot (87) is provided at the lower end of each material distribution block (86). The sliding foot (87) slides in conjunction with the sliding groove (84). A spur gear (88) is provided inside the sliding foot (87), and the spur gear (88) meshes with the toothed groove (85).

8. A multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the material distribution blocks (86) is provided with a knob (89) at its upper end. The knob (89) is connected to a third bevel gear (811) via a straight rod (810). A fourth bevel gear (812) is provided on the side of the third bevel gear (811) to mesh with the third bevel gear (811). The fourth bevel gear (812) is coaxially fixedly connected to the spur gear (88). A locking block (813) is also provided at the lower end of the straight rod (810). The locking block (813) engages with the tooth groove of the fourth bevel gear (812). A second spring (814) is provided below the locking block (813). The second spring (814) is sleeved on the outside of the straight rod (810) and pushes the straight rod (810) upward.

9. A multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rear half (82) has a scale groove (815) on its upper surface close to the step surface (83) for indicating the position of the material distribution block (86).

10. A multi-stage sorting device for fine-grained titanium ore spiral chute according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral chute body (2) is assembled from multiple sections connected by flanges, and a material receiving hopper (9) is provided directly above the spiral chute body (2).

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